173 lines
18 KiB
XML
173 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="177625" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cd804f16-5a8c-40b0-aece-6d0d4c76b04f" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" ID-ZooBank="6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-187" checkinTime="1667366246929" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spasojevic, Tamara, Broad, Gavin R. & Klopfstein, Seraina" docDate="2022" docId="8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 187-212" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-06-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" docTitle="Armadilleon Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="63B3D98F-89CF-4CAE-B2EE-3AE254F5649E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" masterDocTitle="Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1732686638273" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A198D722492821134AF7512CB8AC97D0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4199792F128844460C9306744A39119B">
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<mods:title id="F935459958FC0BF80B8B2469875526F9">Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="519F292FB122FD209D4917049B666601" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="405343C7D91A8D1A12070F19A4CD4013">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="383E281503EF330D4A629765E5738AB0">Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="53488462B218476CA636E2C59B5E12EA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="DD38F7FD20221345BCD8ACD0A21A23AE">Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E7C0E5464BD4D1A4F403CD4BAFE70B5A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="851FB5362C4A4FE4F1E78B166094BF43">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CE7647C62EBF81A8CC4A098BEF5936E5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="14D0A92685284B885337F4947B4B53DA">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7993675A05442068532BB1E147CA11A5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E3EB54B9AE85E9435B683AC1EA61F013">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F3D21E2645A997276E5C3935C099AD5D">Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D9FD20F7BD4E8880C4CAD5E10E3D88DC" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D29D3B32F768B01FFA300F3666F70F7">Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9EDB7F68FFA83BA3B96EE8843EC04E43" type="email">seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F28E6E06BBD05EE737622947F33D61F3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="45A94EDFBC0DD7DA791FE04A748A90AB">
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<mods:title id="E071C0BC229BA92E665AE0B0D6D1037B">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7D5FF8CFBDA8D9608E7065D1EA87BF59">
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<mods:date id="96365E8F0B52569CEDFE7EC3602C1CB7">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8FB4DA52A4E04419D80B09DDA6FFC96D">2022-06-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5D529799AD42BE9DA74BB9B16C013CAB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A5628F33DA811B86ED05D48C935B3ECC">25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="7B1F536BF6174820B34192FD6B478317" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="96C24430C1D17263D1143A34D133B1A0">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="84504C15FC48BB95DB19D9302B539CF2">187</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="2A6A97A955196B6564255FF2FFA2CC61">212</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="D430DF5B87771B6C352C4F9CCFA3C9A4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E4801DB26FB24CF3E7AC8126D90E1A58">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A818331EC8F8E9C4D16A4AFF1BC17483" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203870874" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:63B3D98F-89CF-4CAE-B2EE-3AE254F5649E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" scope_family="Ichneumonidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Acaenitinae">
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<subSubSection id="B1397F63531FF3B361BA8AC13061393B" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CDE00CB0A05567B3EF6D566173E75EA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="32777C7582C98E3B934A1A2CED864899" LSID="http://zoobank.org/63B3D98F-89CF-4CAE-B2EE-3AE254F5649E" authority="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein, 2022" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Armadilleon</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="06010BBA610719568858D03ADD3F2525" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="03603100CF7CCB277BC217F6084ECFB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="F6CC10F2A13F021AEBDF19821339C116" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2369DE8C2C962E95F1769F1779327B72" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="09C308B359B1C09375ABB4A0B9454BEE" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon morticinus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morticinus">
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<emphasis id="9202E9C9F625F860E45F50BA2CFC8771" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon morticinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="735B196F8A4F3F606DE174AC374E59D6" author="Brues, CT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="1 - 125" refId="B7" refString="Brues, CT, 1910. The parasitic Hymenoptera of the Tertiary of Florissant, Colorado. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 54: 1 - 125" title="The parasitic Hymenoptera of the Tertiary of Florissant, Colorado." volume="54" year="1910">Brues 1910</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DC2BF45B670003D6F6784D2F68092A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="5B25825B46307C8529BCF10CB14CB394" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10B37CA9C3148FEFD81106B4AC24FD4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">This genus is named after the heavily armoured armadillo due to its unique, heavy sculpture.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E531DA8D4DD06EA2B3F77662AF50481F" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4898D33C6CB6F92DECFEE398B2B1B42F" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B58A46C2E6A758264E0F56C9A7569313" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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The placement within the subfamily Phygadeountinae
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<taxonomicName id="71655AF0F8BEAFE7F05BD7BC2D2DA974" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phygadeountinae">Phygadeountinae</taxonomicName>
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is evident from the strong and long sternaulus, which posteriorly ends above the mid-height of the hind coxa, the probably pentagonal areolet, T1 in the shape of a petiole, and the ovipositor clearly protruding from the metasomal apex and without a dorsal subapical notch. In strong and wavy structure on the mesosoma,
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<taxonomicName id="A0F163C07420F76AD24FE5A888ADEDEC" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F097104652E410656BF361577F8ECAD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles several described phygadeuontine genera, such as
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<taxonomicName id="9AB9E66F67A2051D2BF6239DD2D02883" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Astomaspis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astomaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9B06B730C900809D0AF8E831296E348D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Astomaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="F511964BF23147955E1B36CDFD016399" originalValue="Föster">Foester</normalizedToken>
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, 1869 and
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<taxonomicName id="D65CC1B8B32B1F5DF92A8F575B9CCA16" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Bentyra" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bentyra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F3E8305FE282608892597A813986B8D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Bentyra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905 from the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="088AFCE77A892C32699C4E0DBA3722F8" genus="Chiroticina" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Chiroticina</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8308E9F32515A35433ED6F78148F5D6D" authorityName="Viereck" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diaglyptidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaglyptidea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="16837A9069EB2B621A5E5A7154251281" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Diaglyptidea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Viereck, 1913 and
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<taxonomicName id="A8984D55983F0744F06FCE73798B3204" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Acrolyta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrolyta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A1D3A85BD62B30E3BD31FBFED544DEF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Acrolyta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="2790F754E6DD276DC027642354D86683" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869 from
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<taxonomicName id="A2BE2EE58972A4A1F2DA9BB39DB17682" genus="Acrolytina" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Acrolytina</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="592F08329850D559774DE5A94B61D61A" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Brachypimpla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachypimpla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="87AAA2254A650E31C7E7CA7AB7443786" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Brachypimpla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Strobl 1902 from the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="46DAECD1D88F0B48D208BD952206CB01" authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1970" genus="Mastrina" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Mastrina</taxonomicName>
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; it also resembles some undescribed tropical phygadeuontines with similar sculpture (Mabel Alvarado pers. comm.). In the fore wing venation, propodeal carination, clypeus shape in the profile and shape of the ovipositor,
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<taxonomicName id="DB07D159E5AA7A1CDEB64C0EFA13F086" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="35A580069F0E4501A2A7ED865DA821AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="EBE0839AD979968A5FC871AAB37CCF9D" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Brachypimpla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachypimpla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="85BD5B41601879B6AC563FF471D64C25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Brachypimpla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but it differs from it in the more extensive longitudinal striate sculpture on the mesosoma that is additionally present on the mesoscutum, anterior half of the propodeum and gena, absent notauli and lack of ramulus in the fore wing, stouter legs, and the flatter T1 in the profile. In addition,
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<taxonomicName id="06840B750007A06789D62130853241E9" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F84E47001073F3A994E019EC683E32BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has longer metasoma as the posterior tergites are exposed, while they are retracted below each other in
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<taxonomicName id="03C7244D2E403C513C3F5225310A5368" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Brachypimpla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachypimpla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="41D24FAB5D0C54E1399019D57DC13073" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Brachypimpla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, our interpretation of the metasoma should be regarded with caution, as the tergites might have been pushed out and distributed evenly during the preservation process.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="63178BDB71D5D35714A0B528C2216C36" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F81AEAA57245D6E65ADF57A8B6A56C28" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0755C4BCA2D24EE002D61E3477784DF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="8A4A3E26BF5918265F972B8E820F7847" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Head</emphasis>
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above and possibly on front with conspicuous, nubby sculpture.
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<emphasis id="96BC8651FABBAB4F19BC6E3C76CF6066" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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with mesoscutum with strong and dense punctures, which fuse into parallel carinae towards the posterior end; mesopleuron and propodeum nearly completely covered with strong striae forming wavy patterns; sternaulus on mesopleuron strong, reaching almost to its end. Propodeum with strong carinae enclosing area petiolaris, areal lateralis, area basalis, and at least first and second lateral areas.
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<emphasis id="E76E7628A6A4C034B188D4E5CF40D8E5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fore wing</emphasis>
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areolet pentagonal.
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<emphasis id="2D3A9AB48D7A8BFF7715C91153B25885" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Metasoma</emphasis>
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with T1 broad at apex and strongly tapering towards the narrow base, humped around middle and thus forming a petiole and postpetiole.
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<emphasis id="469E0981C953961A3F5CC350B953BF94" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Ovipositor</emphasis>
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clearly protruding from metasoma by about the length of the hind tibia, without a dorsal notch.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="12D0E00CFB6741204DC31235CB3E6870" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="circumscription">
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<paragraph id="5495B64569DF396191879E1C2E5EC94C" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Circumscription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6A12B9227459BCE6F32782792EA79E61" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="14497D384E6BCE9F4B739D52D32EB7C0" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6AE963788C6DB27599A4AFF266A154F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes
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<taxonomicName id="A95C96C94B5A1CBD65C81BC4501F8A48" lsidName="A. morticinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="morticinus">
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<emphasis id="D6DA32B3BA971C07C2B07209605D5076" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. morticinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="7E2333C685221454E44FECF0D659649F" lsidName="A. petrorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petrorum">
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<emphasis id="AC2C6A81F980644469E39434AF2134AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petrorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both from the Oligocene Florissant formation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |