Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology
Author
Spasojevic, Tamara
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722
Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland
Author
Broad, Gavin R.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK
Author
Klopfstein, Seraina
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X
Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland
seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch
text
Fossil Record
2022
2022-06-07
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1
187
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034
2193-0074-1-187
6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1
86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD
Armadilleon
gen. nov.
Type species.
Armadilleon morticinus
(
Brues 1910
).
Etymology.
This genus is named after the heavily armoured armadillo due to its unique, heavy sculpture.
Diagnosis.
The placement within the subfamily Phygadeountinae
Phygadeountinae
is evident from the strong and long sternaulus, which posteriorly ends above the mid-height of the hind coxa, the probably pentagonal areolet, T1 in the shape of a petiole, and the ovipositor clearly protruding from the metasomal apex and without a dorsal subapical notch. In strong and wavy structure on the mesosoma,
Armadilleon
resembles several described phygadeuontine genera, such as
Astomaspis
Foester
, 1869 and
Bentyra
Cameron, 1905 from the subtribe
Chiroticina
,
Diaglyptidea
Viereck, 1913 and
Acrolyta
Foerster
, 1869 from
Acrolytina
, and
Brachypimpla
, Strobl 1902 from the subtribe
Mastrina
; it also resembles some undescribed tropical phygadeuontines with similar sculpture (Mabel Alvarado pers. comm.). In the fore wing venation, propodeal carination, clypeus shape in the profile and shape of the ovipositor,
Armadilleon
is very similar to
Brachypimpla
, but it differs from it in the more extensive longitudinal striate sculpture on the mesosoma that is additionally present on the mesoscutum, anterior half of the propodeum and gena, absent notauli and lack of ramulus in the fore wing, stouter legs, and the flatter T1 in the profile. In addition,
Armadilleon
has longer metasoma as the posterior tergites are exposed, while they are retracted below each other in
Brachypimpla
. However, our interpretation of the metasoma should be regarded with caution, as the tergites might have been pushed out and distributed evenly during the preservation process.
Description.
Head
above and possibly on front with conspicuous, nubby sculpture.
Mesosoma
with mesoscutum with strong and dense punctures, which fuse into parallel carinae towards the posterior end; mesopleuron and propodeum nearly completely covered with strong striae forming wavy patterns; sternaulus on mesopleuron strong, reaching almost to its end. Propodeum with strong carinae enclosing area petiolaris, areal lateralis, area basalis, and at least first and second lateral areas.
Fore wing
areolet pentagonal.
Metasoma
with T1 broad at apex and strongly tapering towards the narrow base, humped around middle and thus forming a petiole and postpetiole.
Ovipositor
clearly protruding from metasoma by about the length of the hind tibia, without a dorsal notch.
Circumscription.
Armadilleon
includes
A. morticinus
and
A. petrorum
, both from the Oligocene Florissant formation.