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<mods:title id="69E2FBF60DA99BB511862266061D806D">Primnoidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) of the SW Indian Ocean: new species, genus revisions and systematics</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="045D112EFFA4324EFED6FC616B307078" blockId="3.[334,572,1016,1037]" box="[334,572,1016,1037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="C3E26AADFFA4324EFED6FC616B307078" ID-CoL="84QPH" authority="GRAY, 1870" authorityName="GRAY" authorityYear="1870" box="[334,572,1016,1037]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFED6FC6168B9707E" box="[334,437,1016,1037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">NARELLA</emphasis>
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, 1870
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="24F23600FFA4324EFF09FBAF68F67134" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="C3E26AADFFA4324EFF09FBAF689C703E" ID-CoL="84QPH" authority="Gray, 1870: 49" authorityName="GRAY" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1870" box="[145,400,1078,1099]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF09FBAF69E4703E" box="[145,232,1078,1099]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Narella</emphasis>
Gray, 1870: 49
</taxonomicName>
. –
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFE35FBAE6B3D7039" author="Bayer FM" box="[429,561,1078,1100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" refId="ref13989" refString="Bayer FM. 1956. Octocorallia. In: Moore RC, ed. Treatise on Invertebrate Palaeontology. Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press. F 166 - F 189, F 192 - F 231." type="journal volume" year="1956">Bayer, 1956</bibRefCitation>
: F222, fig. 159(5). – 1961: 295 [illustrated key to genus]. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFDF6FBCC69DE70FC" author="Bayer FM" page="937" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFDF6FBCC69DE70FC" author="Bayer FM" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="902 - 947" refId="ref14064" refString="Bayer FM. 1981. Key to genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with diagnosis of new taxa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 94: 902-947." type="journal article" year="1981">Bayer, 1981: 937</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[key to genus]. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFE0AFBED6BCE70FC" author="Bayer FM &amp; Stefani J" box="[402,706,1139,1161]" page="455" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFE0AFBED6BCE70FC" author="Bayer FM &amp; Stefani J" box="[402,706,1139,1161]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="449 - 518" refId="ref14102" refString="Bayer FM, Stefani J. 1989. Primnoidae (Gorgonacea) De Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin de Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Serie 4 10: 449-518." type="journal article" year="1989">Bayer &amp; Stefani, 1989: 455</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[key to genus]. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFEAEFB0B6B1170D2" author="Williams GC" box="[310,541,1170,1192]" page="272" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFEAEFB0B6B1170D2" author="Williams GC" box="[310,541,1170,1192]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="181 - 296" refId="ref15943" refString="Williams GC. 1992. The Alcyonacea of Southern Africa. Gorgonian corals. Annals of the South African Museum 101: 181-296." type="journal article" year="1992">Williams, 1992: 272</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFDA6FB0B685970B2" author="Cairns SD &amp; Bayer FM" page="618" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFDA6FB0B685970B2" author="Cairns SD &amp; Bayer FM" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="617 - 648" refId="ref14354" refString="Cairns SD, Bayer FM. 2003. Studies on western Atlantic Octocorallia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa). Part 3: the genus Narella Gray, 1870. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 116: 617-648." type="journal article" year="2003">Cairns &amp; Bayer, 2003: 618–619</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 2007: 84–86 [list of species]; 2008: 85–86 [key to Hawaiian species]; 2009: 43, figs. 14A–G [revision, list of species]. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFDDEFB7768597157" author="Cairns SD &amp; Baco A" page="392" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFDDEFB7768597157" author="Cairns SD &amp; Baco A" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="391 - 407" refId="ref14320" refString="Cairns SD, Baco A. 2007. Review and five new Alaskan species of the deep-water octocoral Narella (Octocorallia: Primnoidae). Systematics and Biodiversity 5: 391-407." type="journal article" year="2007">Cairns &amp; Baco, 2007: 392–393</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[list of species]. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFDAEFA946BF47157" author="Cairns SD" box="[566,760,1293,1315]" page="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFDAEFA946BF47157" author="Cairns SD" box="[566,760,1293,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref14263" refString="Cairns SD. 2012. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: New Zealand Primnoidae (Anthozoa: Alcyonacea). Part 1. Genera Narella, Narelloides, Metanarella, Calyptrophora, and Helicoprimnoa NIWA Biodiversity Memoir. Wellington: NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd), 1-126." type="book chapter" year="2012">Cairns, 2012: 14</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[key to
<collectingCountry id="7CF551BEFFA4324EFF65FAB5689F7134" box="[253,403,1323,1345]" name="New Zealand" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
species].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="045D112EFFA4324EFF09FAD36BD37115" blockId="3.[145,762,1078,1560]" box="[145,735,1354,1376]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
Not
<taxonomicName id="C3E26AADFFA4324EFF5AFAD368F3712A" authority="Bargatzky, 1881" authorityName="Bargatzky" authorityYear="1881" box="[194,511,1354,1376]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Stachyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF5AFAD3684D712A" box="[194,321,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Stachyodes</emphasis>
Bargatzky, 1881
</taxonomicName>
[a stromatoporoid].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="045D112EFFA4324EFF09FAF06BF671AE" blockId="3.[145,762,1078,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="24F23600FFA4324EFF09FAF06BF671AE" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFF09FAF06B6A710B" author="Wright EP &amp; Studer T" box="[145,614,1385,1407]" page="49" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="C3E26AADFFA4324EFF09FAF06B6A710B" authority="Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 49" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1889" box="[145,614,1385,1407]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Stachyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF09FAF0681B710B" box="[145,279,1385,1406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Stachyodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFEB8FAF06B6A710B" author="Wright EP &amp; Studer T" box="[288,614,1385,1407]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref15969" refString="Wright EP, Studer T. 1889. Report on the Alcyonaria Collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76 Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76, Zoology. 1-314." type="book chapter" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 49</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFD13FAF0683F71E8" author="Versluys J" page="86" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFD13FAF0683F71E8" author="Versluys J" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref15865" refString="Versluys J. 1906. Die Gorgoniden Der Siboga - Expedition Siboga-Expeditie. 1-187." type="book chapter" year="1906">Versluys, 1906: 86–88</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFECAFA1E6B5571E8" author="Kinoshita K" box="[338,601,1415,1437]" page="45" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFECAFA1E6B5571E8" author="Kinoshita K" box="[338,601,1415,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref14719" refString="Kinoshita K. 1908. Primnoidae von Japan. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo, Japan 23: 1-74." type="journal article" year="1908">Kinoshita, 1908: 45–47</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFDE0FA1E685971C9" author="Kukenthal W" page="325" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFDE0FA1E685971C9" author="Kukenthal W" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="289 - 349" refId="ref14747" refString="Kukenthal W. 1912. Die Alcyonaria Der Deutschen Sudpolar, Expedition 1901 - 1903 Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition 1901 - 1903, Zoologie. 289-349." type="book chapter" year="1912">Kükenthal, 1912: 325–328</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFEEEFA3F6B2C71C9" author="Kukenthal W" box="[374,544,1446,1468]" page="452" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1919">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFEEEFA3F6B2C71C9" author="Kukenthal W" box="[374,544,1446,1468]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 946" refId="ref14794" refString="Kukenthal W. 1919. Gorgonaria Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee - Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1898 - 1899. 1-946." type="book chapter" year="1919">1919: 452–456</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[key to genus and species]. – 1924: 308–309 [key to genus and species].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="045D112EFFA4324EFF09FA7A68E1726D" blockId="3.[145,762,1078,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="24F23600FFA4324EFF09FA7A68E1726D" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="C3E26AADFFA4324EFF09FA7A68E0718C" authority="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" box="[145,492,1507,1529]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Calypterinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF09FA7A6828718D" box="[145,292,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Calypterinus</emphasis>
Wright &amp; Studer
</taxonomicName>
in
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFD89FA7A6BF9718C" author="Studer T" box="[529,757,1507,1529]" page="49" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1887">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFD89FA7A6BF9718C" author="Studer T" box="[529,757,1507,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref15704" refString="Studer T. 1887. Versuch Eines Systemes der Alcyonaria. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 53: 1-74." type="journal article" year="1887">Studer, 1887: 49–60</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="8543373FFFA4324EFF24F99B68E6726D" author="Wright EP &amp; Studer T" box="[188,490,1538,1560]" page="53" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" year="1889">
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFF24F99B68E6726D" author="Wright EP &amp; Studer T" box="[188,490,1538,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref15969" refString="Wright EP, Studer T. 1889. Report on the Alcyonaria Collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76 Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76, Zoology. 1-314." type="book chapter" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 53</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4CF842A5FFA4324EFF09F9D86A8477A0" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="045D112EFFA4324EFF09F9D868E07200" blockId="3.[145,760,1601,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF09F9D868217223" box="[145,301,1601,1622]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<typeStatus id="DB59AF8CFFA4324EFF09F9D869C77223" box="[145,203,1601,1622]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="C3E26AADFFA4324EFED8F9D868477200" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1860" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1860" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Primnoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regularis">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFED8F9D86B277223" box="[320,555,1601,1622]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Primnoa regularis</emphasis>
Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1860
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="045D112EFFA4324EFF09F9066A8477A0" blockId="3.[145,762,1694,1900]" lastBlockId="3.[809,1425,683,981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF09F906685472C6" box="[145,344,1694,1716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis (from</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="60736CDFFFA4324EFEFBF9076B0D72C6" author="Cairns SD" box="[355,513,1694,1716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref14263" refString="Cairns SD. 2012. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: New Zealand Primnoidae (Anthozoa: Alcyonacea). Part 1. Genera Narella, Narelloides, Metanarella, Calyptrophora, and Helicoprimnoa NIWA Biodiversity Memoir. Wellington: NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd), 1-126." type="book chapter" year="2012">Cairns, 2012</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFD95F9066BFE72C6" box="[525,754,1694,1716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">– changes in bold)</emphasis>
: Colonies
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFF63F924684572A7" bold="true" box="[251,329,1725,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">lyrate</emphasis>
, dichotomously branched, pinnate or unbranched (flagelliform). Polyps arranged in whorls, with polyps always facing downwards. Polyps covered by three (rarely four) pairs of abaxial body-wall scales (1 pair of basals, 1–2 pairs of medials and 1 pair of buccals), 1–3 pairs of much smaller adaxial body-wall scales, and sometimes additional scattered adaxial scales, nonetheless resulting in a partially naked adaxial face;
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFB80FD706D45768B" bold="true" box="[1048,1097,745,766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">two</emphasis>
species also have unpaired infrabasal scales. Distal margins of body-wall scales often spinose, toothed or lobate, sometimes extending as a protective buccal cowl. Opercular scales usually prominently keeled. Coenenchymal scales arranged in one
<emphasis id="3696CD3CFFA4324EFC18FC1B6AD677E2" bold="true" box="[896,986,898,919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">or two</emphasis>
layers, often quite thick and often ridged. Flattened, curved tentacular platelets often present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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