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<mods:title id="349978E945BFF7771433D2CD2BE9B4B8">Conoidecyclics A-C from marine macroalga Turbinaria conoides: Newly described natural macrolides with prospective bioactive properties</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="68D670DEB7FEDFEFA485421973D67DD8">Conoidecyclics A-C from marine macroalga Turbinaria conoides: Newly described natural macrolides with prospective bioactive properties</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0BC18ABF9991BBC8CA7C0EAE287FD85B">Chakraborty, Kajal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F1E5FF5641F84E1A90CD28C5DD93B885">* & Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P. B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, & *</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F180C047DDD659F96BB08BDC07476AA3">Chakraborty, Kajal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB26232411D64D645458BACD674DDBC4">* & Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P. B. No. 1603, Cochin, Kerala State, & *</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2F02A27E7A5A92883DD24691EB139343">Dhara, Shubhajit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="258EA99401F2F4211A28D831DB498FB6">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FB8795FF82BD495E50B9D7E2201FC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB8795FF82BD495E50B9D7E2201FC8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB8795FF82BD495E50B9D7E2201FC8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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2.4. Bioactive potential of the conoidecyclics isolated from
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF82BD4B582BB9D7E3A91998" authority="(J. Agardh) Kutzing" authorityName="Kutzing" baseAuthorityName="J. Agardh" box="[1353,1455,1238,1258]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF82BD4B582BB9D7E3A91998" authority="(J. Agardh) Kutzing" authorityName="Kutzing" baseAuthorityName="J. Agardh" box="[1353,1455,1238,1258]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Gyrista" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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@ -67,9 +69,9 @@ Conoidecyclic A exhibited dual attenuation property against inducible inflammato
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1.9 mM) and conoidecyclic C (IC
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<subScript id="17D634C6FF82BD4B5E8AB885E22B18E2" attach="left" box="[1000,1069,1413,1427]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">50 5-LOX</subScript>
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5.07 mM) (
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF82BD4B59FDB87EE2E318E0" box="[1183,1253,1406,1425]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 2</tableCitation>
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF82BD4B59FDB87EE2E318E0" box="[1183,1253,1406,1425]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). The anti-inflammatory selectivity index (SI) was greater for conoidecyclic A (1.79) than those displayed by conoidecyclic B and C (1.65–1.68) as well as synthetic anti-inflammatory agents (ibuprofen, 0.44 and sodium salicylate, 0.73) (
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF82BD4B5E58B8EEE5821B70" box="[826,900,1518,1537]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 2</tableCitation>
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF82BD4B5E58B8EEE5821B70" box="[826,900,1518,1537]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). The lesser selectivity ratio of synthetic anti-inflammatory agents specified the selective inhibition towards COX-1, leading to several side effects (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B72FF82BD4B5E8FBB25E2BB1B48" author="Laneuville, O. & Breuer, D. K. & Dewitt, D. L. & Hla, T. & Funk, C. D. & Smith, W. L." box="[1005,1213,1573,1593]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="927 - 934" refId="ref15755" refString="Laneuville, O., Breuer, D. K., Dewitt, D. L., Hla, T., Funk, C. D., Smith, W. L., 1994. Differential inhibition of human prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases- 1 and - 2 by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeut. 271, 927 - 934." type="journal article" year="1994">Laneuville et al., 1994</bibRefCitation>
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). Therefore, it could possibly be concluded that conoidecyclic A, with higher SI and greater specificity towards COX-2 was noteworthy towards the development of selective anti-inflammatory therapeutic lead (
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@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ Conoidecyclic A exhibited dual attenuation property against inducible inflammato
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<subScript id="17D634C6FF82BD4B5949BBD4E23B1B93" attach="left" box="[1067,1085,1748,1762]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">50</subScript>
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<emphasis id="B926EA91FF82BD4B5927BBCDE2531B91" box="[1093,1109,1741,1760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">></emphasis>
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1.80 mM) (
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF82BD4B59AFBBCDE3131B91" box="[1229,1301,1741,1760]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 2</tableCitation>
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF82BD4B59AFBBCDE3131B91" box="[1229,1301,1741,1760]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). The radical scavenging activities (IC
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1.20 and IC
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@ -93,13 +95,13 @@ Conoidecyclic A exhibited dual attenuation property against inducible inflammato
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1.46–1.69 mM).
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485D06BD96E6A11DD6" bold="true" box="[100,167,150,167]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 2</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED3683FF81BD485D06BDB0E2361DB0" blockId="6.[100,1072,150,193]" box="[100,1072,175,193]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF81BD485FDDBDB0E51F1DB1" box="[703,793,175,192]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conoides">
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<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF81BD485FDDBDB0E51F1DB1" box="[703,793,175,192]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Gyrista" rank="species" species="conoides">
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<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485FDDBDB0E51F1DB1" bold="true" box="[703,793,175,192]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. conoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and their molecular descriptors.
|
||||
|
|
@ -292,13 +294,13 @@ Structure-activity relationship analysis was carried out by using different mole
|
|||
<heading id="D0A581EFFF81BD485D06BEE8E7A21967" bold="true" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485D06BEE8E7A21967" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
2.5. Structure-activity correlation study analysis of conoidecyclic analogues isolated from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF81BD485C5DB904E7A21967" box="[319,420,1027,1047]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF81BD485C5DB904E7A21967" box="[319,420,1027,1047]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Gyrista" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BED3683FF81BD485DE6B93CE6A41B34" blockId="6.[100,771,1084,1605]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
The steric factors of the studied compounds might play pivotal roles towards their potential bioactivities. Notably, the electronic properties of conoidecyclic B and C were higher than those of conoidecyclic A (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485D0EB98FE6B519D2" box="[108,179,1167,1187]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485D0EB98FE6B519D2" box="[108,179,1167,1187]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
), even though the bioactivities of the latter were greater. This could be explained by the comparatively lesser steric bulkiness of conoidecyclic A (P
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAA9B66FF81BD485C62B9C7E76119AA" box="[256,359,1223,1243]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0927" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="cm" value="1092.7">1092.7 cm</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="7C279BCBFF81BD485C05B9C1E77619BE" attach="left" box="[359,368,1217,1231]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</superScript>
|
||||
|
|
@ -330,21 +332,21 @@ Swiss ADME tools were used (
|
|||
) for the estimation of different physicochemical parameters, drug-likeness, solubilities and ADME behaviors of the isolated compounds (conoidecyclics A-C). Based upon the specific physicochemical parameters, the qualitative prediction was performed, and only conoidecyclic A passed the filter of Lipinski’ s rule without any violation, whereas conoidecyclic B and C had one violation (MW
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485C7FBA57E72B1A1B" box="[285,301,1879,1898]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">></emphasis>
|
||||
500) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485C0DBA57E7B01A1B" box="[367,438,1879,1898]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485C0DBA57E7B01A1B" box="[367,438,1879,1898]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Therefore, conoidecyclic A could possess greater oral bioavailability. Notably, all the three compounds could pass the filter of Veber rule without any violations (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485FD2BA8FE4FC1AD3" box="[688,762,1935,1954]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485FD2BA8FE4FC1AD3" box="[688,762,1935,1954]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B72FF81BD485D0EBAABE7131ACF" author="Daina, A. & Michielin, O. & Zoete, V." box="[108,277,1963,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="42717" refId="ref14855" refString="Daina, A., Michielin, O., Zoete, V., 2017. SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Sci. Rep. 7, 42717. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 42717." type="journal article" year="2017">Daina et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In addition to that, predicted bioavailability score for the studied compounds were comparable (0.55) with that of ibuprofen (0.55), which apparently recognized at least 10% oral bioavailability in rat and permeability towards Caco-2 cell lines (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B72FF81BD4858FAB920E5A7193E" author="Daina, A. & Michielin, O. & Zoete, V." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="42717" refId="ref14855" refString="Daina, A., Michielin, O., Zoete, V., 2017. SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Sci. Rep. 7, 42717. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 42717." type="journal article" year="2017">Daina et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485EDBB93CE204193E" box="[953,1026,1084,1103]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485EDBB93CE204193E" box="[953,1026,1084,1103]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
). For the rapid estimation of drug-likeness, the bioavailability radar plot was adopted, and six physicochemical parameters (size, lipophilicity, polarity, flexibility, solubility and saturation) were taken into account (Fig. S34). The optimum range for each parameter was shown by a pink area. Evidently, conoidecyclic B and C displayed a deviation including larger size (MW
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485991B9C7E30519AB" box="[1267,1283,1223,1242]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">></emphasis>
|
||||
500), even though no eccentricity was apparent for conoidecyclic A, and all the six values (comparing to ibuprofen, conoidecyclic A exhibited lesser flexibility) led to optimal physicochemical attributes leading to an acceptable oral bioavailability. Solubility is considered to be one of the vital parameters for drug development activities, and also related to absorption (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B72FF81BD4858FAB853E59C18F3" author="Daina, A. & Michielin, O. & Zoete, V." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="42717" refId="ref14855" refString="Daina, A., Michielin, O., Zoete, V., 2017. SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Sci. Rep. 7, 42717. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 42717." type="journal article" year="2017">Daina et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Estimated aqueous solubility (Log S; ESOL and SILICOS-IT) for three isolated compounds based on molecular structure were in a range of moderately soluble to soluble (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD4859FCB8A6E2E518C8" box="[1182,1251,1446,1465]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD4859FCB8A6E2E518C8" box="[1182,1251,1446,1465]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Logarithm value of skin permeability coefficient
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF81BD485943B8C3E23E18A9" attach="left" box="[1057,1080,1475,1496]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kp</subScript>
|
||||
(regarding pharmacokinetics) was calculated for the isolated compounds including the standard (ibuprofen), whereas more negative value of
|
||||
|
|
@ -356,30 +358,22 @@ value (-
|
|||
/s) closer to that exhibited by conoidecyclic B and C (- 6.56 and -
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAA9B66FF81BD4858C7BB4EE5551B0C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="cm" value="7.25">7.25 cm</quantity>
|
||||
/s, respectively) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485E91BB69E23C1B0C" box="[1011,1082,1641,1661]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF81BD485E91BB69E23C1B0C" box="[1011,1082,1641,1661]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of conoidecyclics A-C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BED3683FF81BD485E50BBAFE36E1BB3" blockId="6.[818,1384,1711,1730]" box="[818,1384,1711,1730]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<heading id="D0A581EFFF81BD485E50BBAFE36E1BB3" bold="true" box="[818,1384,1711,1730]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485E50BBAFE36E1BB3" bold="true" box="[818,1384,1711,1730]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
2.7. Kinetic properties of ACE-I, PTP-1B and 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF81BD485981BBAFE30B1BB3" box="[1251,1293,1711,1730]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LOX</collectionCode>
|
||||
inhibition
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF81BD485E50BBAFE36E1BB3" bold="true" box="[818,1384,1711,1730]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.7. Kinetic properties of ACE-I, PTP-1B and 5-LOX inhibition</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BED3683FF81BD495E33BBE7E6F01B8A" blockId="6.[818,1487,1767,1984]" lastBlockId="7.[100,770,1517,1787]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Kinetic studies were performed to determine the mode of inhibition of conoidecyclics A-C, and the inhibition constants (
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF81BD485872BA03E3231A69" attach="left" box="[1296,1317,1795,1816]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ki</subScript>
|
||||
) were determined by Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots. Conoidecyclics were found to inhibit ACE-I, PTP-1B and 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF81BD485955BA3BE2621A3F" box="[1079,1124,1851,1870]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LOX</collectionCode>
|
||||
enzymes, in a non-competitive fashion as determined by the Lineweaver-Burk plot (Fig. S35). Increase of substrate concentrations could result in non-intersect series of line on Y-axis in the Lineweaver-Burk plot (Fig. S35) but intersected on the negative X axis (
|
||||
) were determined by Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots. Conoidecyclics were found to inhibit ACE-I, PTP-1B and 5-LOX enzymes, in a non-competitive fashion as determined by the Lineweaver-Burk plot (Fig. S35). Increase of substrate concentrations could result in non-intersect series of line on Y-axis in the Lineweaver-Burk plot (Fig. S35) but intersected on the negative X axis (
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF81BD485E07BAABE57F1AB1" attach="left" box="[869,889,1963,1984]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ki</subScript>
|
||||
) in the Dixon plots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13692A06FF81BD485928BAABE2871ACF" box="[1098,1153,1963,1982]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[100,130,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[116,1469,152,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-496@10.[112,1476,148,1149]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Kinetic studies of the pharmacologic response with regard to inhibition mode of ACE-I (A–C), PTP-1B (D–F) and 5-LOX (G–I), respectively to the studied conoidecyclics A-C. Representation of Dixon plots for conoidecyclics A-C, for the determination of the inhibition constant Ki. The Ki value was determined from the negative X-axis value at the point of the intersection of the four lines. The data were expressed as the mean reciprocal of initial velocity for triplicates (n = 3) at each substrate concentration. Different concentrations of isolated compounds were used, and the inhibitory potentials were expressed in mM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8258132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8258132/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Conoidecyclic A exhibited lesser inhibition constant towards inhibition of ACE-I (1.1 mM), PTP-1B (1.2 mM) and 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF80BD495DB1BB09E7061B6D" box="[211,256,1545,1564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LOX</collectionCode>
|
||||
(4.0 mM) than those displayed by other studied metabolites (
|
||||
). Conoidecyclic A exhibited lesser inhibition constant towards inhibition of ACE-I (1.1 mM), PTP-1B (1.2 mM) and 5-LOX (4.0 mM) than those displayed by other studied metabolites (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13692A06FF80BD495DA7BB25E6FA1B49" box="[197,252,1573,1592]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[100,130,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[116,1469,152,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-496@10.[112,1476,148,1149]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Kinetic studies of the pharmacologic response with regard to inhibition mode of ACE-I (A–C), PTP-1B (D–F) and 5-LOX (G–I), respectively to the studied conoidecyclics A-C. Representation of Dixon plots for conoidecyclics A-C, for the determination of the inhibition constant Ki. The Ki value was determined from the negative X-axis value at the point of the intersection of the four lines. The data were expressed as the mean reciprocal of initial velocity for triplicates (n = 3) at each substrate concentration. Different concentrations of isolated compounds were used, and the inhibitory potentials were expressed in mM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8258132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8258132/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). An inverse relation of
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF80BD495C89BB26E4111B4A" attach="left" box="[491,535,1574,1595]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Vmax</subScript>
|
||||
|
|
@ -389,13 +383,11 @@ with various concentrations of conoidecyclics A-C inferred the non-competitive i
|
|||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF80BD495CB1BB79E4061BFE" attach="left" box="[467,512,1657,1679]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Vmax</subScript>
|
||||
(0.31–0.14, 0.29–0.17 and 0.32–0.17 ΔA min
|
||||
<superScript id="7C279BCBFF80BD495C43BB8FE72C1BEC" attach="right" box="[289,298,1679,1693]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</superScript>
|
||||
for ACE-I, PTP-1B and 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF80BD495F42BB95E44B1BD9" box="[544,589,1685,1704]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LOX</collectionCode>
|
||||
inhibition, respectively) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495DCCBBB1E6F81BB5" box="[174,254,1713,1732]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table S2</tableCitation>
|
||||
for ACE-I, PTP-1B and 5-LOX inhibition, respectively) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495DCCBBB1E6F81BB5" box="[174,254,1713,1732]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Bioactivities of conoidecyclics A-C isolated from the organic extract of T. conoides and their molecular descriptors." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF81BD485D06BD96E2361DB0">Table S2</tableCitation>
|
||||
) than other studied macrolides, which implied that the former could efficiently bind with targeted enzyme to diminish the reaction velocity.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[100,150,150,166]" targetBox="[116,751,213,1234]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7" targetType="table">
|
||||
<caption id="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" ID-Table-UUID="DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF80BD495D06BD96E4D61DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[100,150,150,166]" targetBox="[116,751,213,1234]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BED3683FF80BD495D06BD96E6A11DD6" blockId="7.[100,720,150,193]" box="[100,167,150,167]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF80BD495D06BD96E6A11DD6" bold="true" box="[100,167,150,167]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table 3</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
@ -683,40 +675,32 @@ Log K= skin permeability coefficient.
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BED3683FF80BD495D06BA3BE6CC1A18" blockId="7.[100,754,1851,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<heading id="D0A581EFFF80BD495D06BA3BE6CC1A18" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF80BD495D06BA3BE4F41A3F" bold="true" box="[100,754,1851,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2.8. In silico molecular modeling analysis of conoidecyclics isolated from</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF80BD495D06BA57E6CC1A18" box="[100,202,1878,1898]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF80BD495D06BA57E6CC1A18" bold="true" box="[100,202,1878,1898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. conoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF80BD495D06BA3BE6CC1A18" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
2.8. In silico molecular modeling analysis of conoidecyclics isolated from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF80BD495D06BA57E6CC1A18" box="[100,202,1878,1898]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Gyrista" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BED3683FF80BD495DE6BA8FE2201FC8" blockId="7.[100,770,1935,1982]" lastBlockId="7.[818,1488,148,697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
The macrocyclic derivatives (conoidecyclics A-C) were subjected to in-silico molecular modeling studies against pro-inflammatory 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF80BD495FB7BAAAE5041ACC" box="[725,770,1962,1981]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LOX</collectionCode>
|
||||
and COX-2 enzymes, and the results were obtained with the help of RMSD data. Conoidecyclic A, on molecular modeling with COX-2 and ACE-I exhibited three hydrogen bonding interactions with the enzyme active site, whereas five hydrogen bonds were apparent between the ligand and the active site amino acyl residues of PTP-1B (
|
||||
The macrocyclic derivatives (conoidecyclics A-C) were subjected to in-silico molecular modeling studies against pro-inflammatory 5-LOX and COX-2 enzymes, and the results were obtained with the help of RMSD data. Conoidecyclic A, on molecular modeling with COX-2 and ACE-I exhibited three hydrogen bonding interactions with the enzyme active site, whereas five hydrogen bonds were apparent between the ligand and the active site amino acyl residues of PTP-1B (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13692A06FF80BD49585DBC03E3741C67" box="[1343,1394,259,278]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[100,130,625,642]" captionTargetBox="[115,1474,151,596]" captionTargetId="figure-459@8.[112,1476,148,597]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3. (A1-A2) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic A and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of COX-2; (A3-A4) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic A and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of 5-LOX; (A5-A6) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic A and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of PTP-1B; (A7-A8) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic A and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of ACE as obtained from in silico molecular docking analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8258126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8258126/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD49581FBC03E3C71C67" box="[1405,1473,259,278]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table 4</tableCitation>
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD49581FBC03E3C71C67" box="[1405,1473,259,278]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0">Table 4</tableCitation>
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). In comparison, conoidecyclic B and C exhibited lesser number of hydrogen bonding interactions with the active site of targeted enzymes (
|
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<figureCitation id="13692A06FF80BD495E58BC57E5961C1B" box="[826,912,343,362]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[100,130,1258,1275]" captionStartId-1="9.[100,130,723,740]" captionTargetBox-0="[114,1472,777,1230]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1473,149,692]" captionTargetId-0="figure-549@8.[112,1474,775,1231]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1028@9.[112,1475,148,695]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="Fig. 4. (A1-A2) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic B and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of COX-2; (A3-A4) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic B and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of 5-LOX; (A5-A6) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic B and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of PTP-1B; (A7-A8) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic B and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of ACE as obtained from in silico molecular docking analysis." captionText-1="Fig. 5. (A1-A2) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic C and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of COX-2; (A3-A4) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic C and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of 5-LOX; (A5-A6) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic C and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of PTP-1B; (A7-A8) Representative hydrogen binding interactions between conoidecyclic C and the amino acyl residues in the catalytic sites of ACE as obtained from in silico molecular docking analysis." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8258128" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8258130" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8258128/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8258130/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
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,
|
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495EFCBC57E5E01C1B" box="[926,998,343,362]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495EFCBC57E5E01C1B" box="[926,998,343,362]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
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). Likewise, conoidecyclic A recorded least binding energy (13.34, 14.51, 13.87 and 11.27 kcal mol
|
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<superScript id="7C279BCBFF80BD49582EBC6DE3531C0A" attach="right" box="[1356,1365,365,379]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</superScript>
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with 5-
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<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF80BD4958FFBC73E3CA1CF7" box="[1437,1484,371,390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LOX</collectionCode>
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, COX-2, PTP-1B and ACE-I respectively) and docking score (~ 12 to 15 kcal mol
|
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with 5-LOX, COX-2, PTP-1B and ACE-I respectively) and docking score (~ 12 to 15 kcal mol
|
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<superScript id="7C279BCBFF80BD495EABBCA5E5D41CC2" attach="right" box="[969,978,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</superScript>
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) than those displayed by conoidecyclics B and C (
|
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495E58BCC7E5841CAB" box="[826,898,455,474]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
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<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495E58BCC7E5841CAB" box="[826,898,455,474]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
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). Likewise, the constant of enzyme inhibition,
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF80BD495828BCC7E35A1CAD" attach="left" box="[1354,1372,455,476]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ki</subScript>
|
||||
upon interaction with COX-2 and 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF80BD495975BCE2E2421C84" box="[1047,1092,482,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LOX</collectionCode>
|
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were lesser for conoidecyclic A (23.20 and 33.23 pM, respectively) followed by those of conoidecyclic B and C (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495E58BF1AE5871F5C" box="[826,897,538,557]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The lowest docking score as well as binding energy of conoidecyclic A described its greater attenuation potential against 5-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED43AE46FF80BD4958C0BF36E3C91F38" box="[1442,1487,566,585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LOX</collectionCode>
|
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and COX-2 enzymes, which were reported to produce inflammatory prostaglandins (PGE
|
||||
upon interaction with COX-2 and 5-LOX were lesser for conoidecyclic A (23.20 and 33.23 pM, respectively) followed by those of conoidecyclic B and C (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF80BD495E58BF1AE5871F5C" box="[826,897,538,557]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="11.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 4 In silico molecular docking parameters between the ligands (conoidecyclics A-C) and the amino acyl residues at the active sites of COX-2, 5-LOX, PTP-1B and ACE." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF8CBD455D06BD96E3D61DB0">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
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). The lowest docking score as well as binding energy of conoidecyclic A described its greater attenuation potential against 5-LOX and COX-2 enzymes, which were reported to produce inflammatory prostaglandins (PGE
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF80BD495E93BF75E5FC1FF2" attach="left" box="[1009,1018,629,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
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, PGG
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF80BD495952BF75E23F1FF2" attach="left" box="[1072,1081,629,643]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
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|
|
|
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|
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@ -1,58 +1,60 @@
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<paragraph id="8BED3683FF8EBD475D06BE59E4C01E1D" blockId="9.[100,710,857,876]" box="[100,710,857,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<heading id="D0A581EFFF8EBD475D06BE59E4C01E1D" bold="true" box="[100,710,857,876]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF8EBD475D06BE59E4C01E1D" bold="true" box="[100,710,857,876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
4.3. Chromatographic purification of organic extract of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF8EBD475F02BE59E4C01E1D" authority="(J. Agardh) Kutzing" authorityName="Kutzing" baseAuthorityName="J. Agardh" box="[608,710,857,876]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF8EBD475F02BE59E4C01E1D" authority="(J. Agardh) Kutzing" authorityName="Kutzing" baseAuthorityName="J. Agardh" box="[608,710,857,876]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Gyrista" rank="species" species="conoides">T. conoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
@ -60,7 +62,7 @@
|
|||
<subSubSection id="C3486508FF8EBD475DE6BE91E37419F2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BED3683FF8EBD475DE6BE91E37419F2" blockId="9.[100,770,913,1964]" lastBlockId="9.[818,1488,857,1156]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||||
The solvent extract of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF8EBD475C11BE91E7D91ED5" box="[371,479,913,932]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conoides">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C524D00FF8EBD475C11BE91E7D91ED5" box="[371,479,913,932]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Gyrista" rank="species" species="conoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF8EBD475C11BE91E7D91ED5" bold="true" box="[371,479,913,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">T. conoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
|
|
@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ The solvent extract of
|
|||
through TC
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF8EBD475F7AB93FE427193C" attach="left" box="[536,545,1087,1101]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">5</subScript>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD475F55B938E48F193A" box="[567,649,1080,1099]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table S1</tableCitation>
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||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD475F55B938E48F193A" box="[567,649,1080,1099]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
) based upon TLC (8:2 v/v,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF8EBD475D92B955E6FD1919" bold="true" box="[240,251,1109,1128]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n</emphasis>
|
||||
-hexane:EtOAc) and RP C
|
||||
|
|
@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) and 2, 2
|
|||
-azino-bis-3- ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS
|
||||
<superScript id="7C279BCBFF8EBD475C9EB82EE40E184D" attach="left" box="[508,520,1326,1340]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">+</superScript>
|
||||
) were found to be greater compared to others (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD475C49B84FE77B1812" box="[299,381,1359,1379]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD475C49B84FE77B1812" box="[299,381,1359,1379]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
), and therefore, were selected for downstream purification. Likewise, the sub-fraction TC
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF8EBD475F29B873E45218F0" attach="left" box="[587,596,1395,1409]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3</subScript>
|
||||
was subjected to fractionation on a silica gel (230–400 mesh) loaded glass column (
|
||||
|
|
@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ HPLC (MeOH–MeCN, 3:2 v/v) experiments. The fraction TC
|
|||
, 3.96% yield) eluted at
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF8EBD475CC2BB13E7AD1B57" bold="true" box="[416,427,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n</emphasis>
|
||||
-hexane-EtOAc (6:4, v/v) displayed potential bioactivities (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD475C2ABB2EE7991B33" box="[328,415,1582,1602]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD475C2ABB2EE7991B33" box="[328,415,1582,1602]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Therefore, TC
|
||||
<subScript id="17D634C6FF8EBD475F5FBB36E4531B35" attach="left" box="[573,597,1590,1604]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3-4</subScript>
|
||||
was further subfractionated on fine silica gel (SP
|
||||
|
|
@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ was subjected to flash chromatography on a silica gel column (230–400 mesh) wi
|
|||
(
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAA9B66FF8EBD475E9CBE91E2381ED5" box="[1022,1086,913,932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.15" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="g" value="1.15">1.15 g</quantity>
|
||||
, 3.83% yield) displayed greater bioactive potential than other column sub-fractions (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD4759B1BEADE3211EB1" box="[1235,1319,941,960]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D00338FF8EBD4759B1BEADE3211EB1" box="[1235,1319,941,960]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox="[85,1488,196,358]" captionTargetId="graphics-205@3.[777,818,259,286]" captionText="Table 1 NMR spectroscopic data of conoidecyclics A-C in CDCl a. 3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="DF2D660BFF84BD4D5D06BD96E43D1DB2">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
), and flash chromatographic separation using a gradient elution of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B926EA91FF8EBD475857BEC9E3461EAD" bold="true" box="[1333,1344,969,988]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n</emphasis>
|
||||
-hexane/EtOAc yielded eleven fractions (13 mL/fraction), which were combined into three (TC
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,102 +1,105 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="70BA09144696A05DC0A6825EE5ECA5CB">Hormiga, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5567CF333697014AB4A70304AAE80222">Department of Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, United States</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="282D9D6D53DD95499570BD682103B07F">Hormiga, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8394A9D962FBDA6938" box="[935,1042,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 1E, G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8394A9D962FBDA6938" box="[935,1042,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 1E, G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839315D962FBAB6938" box="[1051,1123,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">19G–I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839315D962FBAB6938" box="[1051,1123,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">19G–I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839363D962FB666938" box="[1133,1198,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">20E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839363D962FB666938" box="[1133,1198,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">20E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393B6D962FB366938" box="[1208,1278,524,550]" captionStart-0="Figure 25" captionStart-1="Figure 26" captionStart-2="Figure 27" captionStartId-0="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionStartId-1="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionStartId-2="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetBox-2="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId-0="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId-1="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetId-2="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId-0="34" captionTargetPageId-1="35" captionTargetPageId-2="36" captionText-0="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." captionText-1="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." captionText-2="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">25–27</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393B6D962FB366938" box="[1208,1278,524,550]" captionStart-0="Figure 25" captionStart-1="Figure 26" captionStart-2="Figure 27" captionStartId-0="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionStartId-1="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionStartId-2="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetBox-2="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId-0="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId-1="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetId-2="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId-0="34" captionTargetPageId-1="35" captionTargetPageId-2="36" captionText-0="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." captionText-1="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." captionText-2="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">25–27</figureCitation>
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|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839206D962FAFD6938" box="[1288,1333,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839206D962FAFD6938" box="[1288,1333,524,550]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831953/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
@ -181,21 +184,21 @@ are similar to those of
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912749FF8393D4D867FA8F683F" box="[1242,1351,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a fleshy median apophysis in the copulatory bulb and a two-pointed retrolateral patellar process (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393B8D829FAE2687E" box="[1206,1322,839,864]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19G–I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393B8D829FAE2687E" box="[1206,1322,839,864]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19G–I</figureCitation>
|
||||
) but can be distinguished by the patellar process projected anteriorly and then curving abruptly, with its two apical thorns pointing posteriorly, and the median apophysis slightly narrower at the end. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002749FF839449D8ABFC7B68C3" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[839,947,965,989]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912749FF839449D8ABFC7B68C3" box="[839,947,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8394CAD8ABFBFD68C2" box="[964,1077,965,989]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8394CAD8ABFBFD68C2" box="[964,1077,965,989]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
) the patellar apophysis projects posteriorly, and the median apophysis is distally expanded. Females differ from those of the other species by having the copulatory openings in a central position between the spermathecae, on depressions separated by median septum, and copulatory ducts not forming loops (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8394FCDF0FFBAA6F67" box="[1010,1122,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 20E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8394FCDF0FFBAA6F67" box="[1010,1122,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 20E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839362DF0FFB7B6F64" box="[1132,1203,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">25E, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839362DF0FFB7B6F64" box="[1132,1203,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">25E, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393B0DF0FFA8C6F67" box="[1214,1348,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">26A–D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393B0DF0FFA8C6F67" box="[1214,1348,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">26A–D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
) while the other species have the copulatory openings more advanced (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839283DFEFFCB96FA6" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 20B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF839283DFEFFCB96FA6" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 20B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -205,10 +208,10 @@ by having a fleshy median apophysis in the copulatory bulb and a two-pointed ret
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832749FF819424DF90FF326DF8" blockId="33.[809,1461,1278,1961]" lastBlockId="35.[112,764,1679,1985]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
Male (MACN-Ar 42819): Total length 1.93. Carapace 0.83 long, 0.70 wide. Abdomen 1.10 long and 0.83 wide. Eye diameters and spacing: AME 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0,02, PME–PME 0,05, PME– PLE 0,03, ALE–PLE virtually contiguous; MOQ length 0.15, front width 0.12, rear width 0.18. Clypeus height 0.08. Carapace light brown, darker lines radiating from the central region, darker well-defined border, anterior region with setae. Chelicerae length 0.28, ratio 0.38. Endites yellowish-brown, as long as wide, posterior lateral edge rounded. Labium darker anteriorly. Sternum wider than long, length 0.45, width 0.55, dark brown, dark edge, lighter medially. Abdomen with grey, brown, and white mottling dorsally, four to five reddish posterior chevrons. Ventral grey mottling in longitudinal stripes. Pedipalp cymbium oval, slightly pointed distally, copulatory bulb with fleshy median apophysis; tibial apophysis short and recurved, patellar apophysis erect on dorsolateral surface, with two teeth (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393AADD9DFADD6C12" box="[1188,1301,1779,1804]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19G–I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062749FF8393AADD9DFADD6C12" box="[1188,1301,1779,1804]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19G–I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spinnerets in relatively compact group, with similar pigmentation, darker at the basal part and lighter distally. ALS total length 0.13; basal width 0.08. PMS total length 0.10. PLS total length 0.17. Legs light castaneous-yellow with arrows in the proximal segment of the femur, metatarsus and tarsus, dark in the distal segment of femur and patella. Leg measurements (formula 1243): leg I (total 2.66) femur 0.67, patella 0.25, tibia 0.47, metatarsus 0.75, tarsus 0.48 leg II (2.63) 0.75, 0.25, 0.67, 0.60, 0.36; leg III (2.21) 0.62, 0.22, 0.45, 0.55, 0.37; leg IV (2.58) 0.73, 0.25, 0.62, 0.65, 0.33; palp (0.86) 0.27, 0.20, 0.12, -, 0.27. Leg formula 1243. Pattern of spines: Femora: I d0-0-1. Patella: I d1-0-1, II d1-0-1, III d1- 0-1, IV d1-0-1. Tibia: I d1-0-1, p0-0-1, II d1-0-1, p0-0- 1, III d1-1-0, p0-0-1, v0-1-0, r0-0-1, IV d1-1-0, p0-0-1, v0-1-0, r0-0-1. Metatarsus: III p0-0-1, v0-1-1, r0-0-1; IV p0-0-1, v0-1-1, r0-0-1. Trichobothria on all tarsi d0-1-0; all metatarsi d0-1-0; all tibiae d0-1-0.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B274AFF80978FDDA4FB026DE1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B274AFF80978FDDA4FB026DE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274AFF80978FDDA4FB026DE1" blockId="34.[129,1444,1738,1791]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274AFF80978FDDA4FF2D6DFC" bold="true" box="[129,229,1738,1762]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figure 25.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274AFF8097E7DDA5FDC66DFD" authority="(Simon 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[233,526,1739,1763]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
|
|
@ -220,7 +223,7 @@ Male (MACN-Ar 42819): Total length 1.93. Carapace 0.83 long, 0.70 wide. Abdomen
|
|||
, female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view. B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B274BFF81977FDE9DFB7C6D41" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" targetPageId="35" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B274BFF81977FDE9DFB7C6D41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" targetPageId="35" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274BFF81977FDE9DFB7C6D41" blockId="35.[113,1378,1523,1632]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274BFF81977FDE9DFF1E6D15" bold="true" box="[113,214,1523,1547]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274BFF8197D4DE9DFDCC6D12" authority="(Simon, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[218,516,1523,1548]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
|
|
@ -234,17 +237,17 @@ Male (MACN-Ar 42819): Total length 1.93. Carapace 0.83 long, 0.70 wide. Abdomen
|
|||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274BFF879783DD83FD2F6F2B" blockId="35.[112,764,1679,1985]" lastBlockId="37.[113,765,144,1077]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Female (MACN-Ar 42819). Total length 2.27. Carapace 0.90 long, 0.75 wide. Abdomen 1.50 long and 1.18 wide. Eye diameters and spacing: AME 0.07, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0,02, PME–PME 0,07, PME–PLE 0,03, ALE–PLE virtually contiguous; MOQ length 0.18, front width 0.15, rear width 0.20. Anterior eye row slightly procurved in anterior view, posterior row slightly procurved in dorsal view. AME spaced less than their diameter. Clypeus unmarked, 0.12 high. Carapace light brown, slightly darker edges and darker thoracic V-shaped mark. Chelicerae short, with rastellum of five thick setae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274BFF8194A4DD83FBC96C1B" box="[938,1025,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274BFF8194A4DD83FBC96C1B" box="[938,1025,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Endites about as long as wide, rounded posteriorly. Labium wider than long, darker anteriorly. Sternum yellowish brown, wider than long, width 0.58, length 0.50, edge thin brown. Dorsum of abdomen mottled, dark brown in the anterior central line and posterior laterals, mottled light brown in the anterior and posterior part, beige midzone. Epigyne (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274BFF819287DCE4FCA76CDF" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 20E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274BFF819287DCE4FCA76CDF" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 20E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274BFF819473DCC7FC006CDF" box="[893,968,1961,1985]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">25E–G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274BFF819473DCC7FC006CDF" box="[893,968,1961,1985]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">25E–G</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with two depressions bearing the copulatory openings, separated by median septum. Copulatory ducts relatively short, leading to spherical spermathecae. Spinnerets in relatively compact group, ALS separated by less than a diameter. Legs brownish, with darker pigmentation in the form of rings. Leg measurements (formula 1243): leg I (total 3.00) femur 0.83, patella 0.30, tibia 0.67, metatarsus 0.73, tarsus 0.47 leg II (2.97) 0.83, 0.32, 0.67, 0.70, 0.45; leg III (2.32) 0.70, 0.30, 0.47, 0.55, 0.30; leg IV (2.83) 0.80, 0.28, 0.65, 0.68, 0.42; palp (1.02) 0.33, 0.17, 0.22, -, 0.30. Pattern of spines: Femora: I p0-1. Patella: I d1-0-1, II d1-0-0, III d1-0-1, IV d1-0-1. Tibia: I d1-0-1 v1-0-1, II d0-0-1, III d1-1-0 r0-0-1 p0-0-1, IV d1-1-0 r0-0-1 p0-0-1. Metatarsus: III p0-1-1 r0-0-2 v0-1-0.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="647C8821274DFF879549DA87FD62691F" box="[583,682,489,513]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
female, measurements and spines: Total length 2.63. Carapace 1.00 long, 0.83 wide. Abdomen 1.65 long, 1.40 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances AME 0.05, ALE 0.07, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.09, PME– PLE 0.06, ALE–PLE virtually contiguous; MOQ length 0.20, anterior width 0.16, posterior width 0.23. Clypeus 0.13 (2.6× diameter AME). Chelicerae length 0.37, ratio 0.44. Sternum width 0.62, length 0.55. Leg measurements (formula 1423): leg I (total 3.07) femur 0.86, patella 0.28, tibia 0.63, metatarsus 0.76, tarsus 0.54; leg II (2.94) 0.81, 0.22, 0.62, 0.76, 0.53; leg III (2.54) 0.67, 0.29, 0.50, 0.62, 0.46; leg IV (3.01) 0.78, 0.28, 0.71, 0.75, 0.49; palp (1.00), 0.26, 0.15, 0.22, -, 0.37, 1.00. Leg formula 1423. Spines: (numerous spines broken, metatarsus and tarsus of leg II missing); pedipalp: patella d1-0-1; tibiae: p1-0-1; tarsi: d1-0-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Femora: no spines. Patellae: I d1-0- 1; II d1-0-1; III d1-0-1; IV d1-0-1. Tibiae: I d1-0-1; II d1-0-1; III d1-0-1, p1-0-1, v0-1-0, r1-0-1; IV d1-0-1, p1-0-1, v0-1-0, r1-0-1. Metatarsi: III p0-0-1, v0-1-2, r0-0-1; IV p0-0-1, v0-1-0, r0-0-1.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B274CFF86978FDD82FB576C46" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" targetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B274CFF86978FDD82FB576C46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" targetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274CFF86978FDD82FB576C46" blockId="36.[129,1471,1772,1880]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274CFF86978FDD82FF2D6C1A" bold="true" box="[129,229,1772,1796]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figure 27.</emphasis>
|
||||
Colour polymorphism in
|
||||
|
|
@ -265,13 +268,13 @@ Colour polymorphism in
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274DFF87977FDFF0FEA06CDB" blockId="37.[113,764,1182,1989]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
The copulatory openings are most frequently found medially in the epigyne, on the posterior margins of the paired depressions, and the first stretch of the copulatory duct is diagonal upwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879772DF92FF266E0D" box="[124,238,1276,1300]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 25E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879772DF92FF266E0D" box="[124,238,1276,1300]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 25E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Some rare specimens have the copulatory openings in a more anterior position, on the external margins of the paired depressions, and the first stretch of the copulatory duct is transverse (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879609DE34FE496E6C" box="[263,385,1370,1394]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879609DE34FE496E6C" box="[263,385,1370,1394]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) or slightly diagonal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879578DE34FF4D6E8F" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879578DE34FF4D6E8F" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The copulatory duct may rarely describe a loop on the posterior margin, before entering the spermatheca (bottom arrow in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879783DED6FF2D6ECE" box="[141,229,1464,1488]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879783DED6FF2D6ECE" box="[141,229,1464,1488]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). We did not detect a geographical pattern of these infrequent morphologies, which are scattered across the species’ distribution in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="C3D07613274DFF879632DE99FEBE6D11" box="[316,374,1527,1551]" name="Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, in
|
||||
|
|
@ -285,11 +288,11 @@ The copulatory openings are most frequently found medially in the epigyne, on th
|
|||
(
|
||||
<typeStatus id="647C8821274DFF8796A0DD5BFDDB6D53" box="[430,531,1589,1613]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
). The body coloration is extremely variable (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879655DD3BFE646D73" box="[347,428,1621,1645]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879655DD3BFE646D73" box="[347,428,1621,1645]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF8796B5DD3BFE1D6D73" box="[443,469,1621,1645]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF8796B5DD3BFE1D6D73" box="[443,469,1621,1645]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The phylogenetic analysis resulted in two groups of specimens (marked in shades of red on
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879798DDFDFF286DB5" box="[150,224,1683,1707]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="41.[113,178,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[146,1407,147,1641]" captionTargetId="graphics-149@41.[146,1432,146,1643]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 29. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated dataset using a topological constraint from previous genomic analysis of Gorneau et al.(2023). Numbers on branches are ultrafast bootstrap percentages. Main nodes are marked with the ancestral state for the disposition of spinnerets. The two genetic COI groups of Cybaeolus delfini are marked in tones of red, with their geographic origin on the map." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF879798DDFDFF286DB5" box="[150,224,1683,1707]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="41.[113,178,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[146,1407,147,1641]" captionTargetId="graphics-149@41.[146,1432,146,1643]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 29. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated dataset using a topological constraint from previous genomic analysis of Gorneau et al.(2023). Numbers on branches are ultrafast bootstrap percentages. Main nodes are marked with the ancestral state for the disposition of spinnerets. The two genetic COI groups of Cybaeolus delfini are marked in tones of red, with their geographic origin on the map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831955/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
), one from coastal localities in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="C3D07613274DFF879536DDFDFDB86DB5" box="[568,624,1683,1707]" name="Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
|
|
@ -327,7 +330,7 @@ from Parque
|
|||
, to El Chaltén, in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="7903F861274DFF879277DA7AFC756A52" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Santa Cruz province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF8794C2DA5AFBEB6A52" box="[972,1059,308,332]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274DFF8794C2DA5AFBEB6A52" box="[972,1059,308,332]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831953/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1572,9 +1575,9 @@ divergence 0.2%), and thus are regarded as misidentified.
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274FFF85977FD95CFF6E6FC2" blockId="39.[113,765,562,1244]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
The 10 analyses under maximum likelihood using the genomic backbone tree produced nine topologies, from which the one with the best fit (larger likelihood) was chosen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8595AFD91FFD216997" box="[673,745,625,649]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="41.[113,178,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[146,1407,147,1641]" captionTargetId="graphics-149@41.[146,1432,146,1643]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 29. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated dataset using a topological constraint from previous genomic analysis of Gorneau et al.(2023). Numbers on branches are ultrafast bootstrap percentages. Main nodes are marked with the ancestral state for the disposition of spinnerets. The two genetic COI groups of Cybaeolus delfini are marked in tones of red, with their geographic origin on the map." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8595AFD91FFD216997" box="[673,745,625,649]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="41.[113,178,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[146,1407,147,1641]" captionTargetId="graphics-149@41.[146,1432,146,1643]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 29. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated dataset using a topological constraint from previous genomic analysis of Gorneau et al.(2023). Numbers on branches are ultrafast bootstrap percentages. Main nodes are marked with the ancestral state for the disposition of spinnerets. The two genetic COI groups of Cybaeolus delfini are marked in tones of red, with their geographic origin on the map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831955/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
). For comparison, the analysis of the data without the genomic constraints produced a tree with very similar topology, except for some relationships of the outgroup taxa (Supporting Information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85960ED980FE846818" box="[256,332,750,774]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85960ED980FE846818" box="[256,332,750,774]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF859667D980FE1C6818" authorityName="Bertkau" authorityYear="1878" box="[361,468,750,774]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hahniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appear monophyletic with moderate to high support (bootstrap
|
||||
|
|
@ -1598,7 +1601,7 @@ appear as monophyletic, confirming the male–female matching of the Taxonomy se
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF8597CBDF66FEE06F3E" box="[197,296,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859634DF66FE4A6F3E" box="[314,386,1032,1056]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="41.[113,178,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[146,1407,147,1641]" captionTargetId="graphics-149@41.[146,1432,146,1643]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 29. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated dataset using a topological constraint from previous genomic analysis of Gorneau et al.(2023). Numbers on branches are ultrafast bootstrap percentages. Main nodes are marked with the ancestral state for the disposition of spinnerets. The two genetic COI groups of Cybaeolus delfini are marked in tones of red, with their geographic origin on the map." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859634DF66FE4A6F3E" box="[314,386,1032,1056]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="41.[113,178,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[146,1407,147,1641]" captionTargetId="graphics-149@41.[146,1432,146,1643]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 29. Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the concatenated dataset using a topological constraint from previous genomic analysis of Gorneau et al.(2023). Numbers on branches are ultrafast bootstrap percentages. Main nodes are marked with the ancestral state for the disposition of spinnerets. The two genetic COI groups of Cybaeolus delfini are marked in tones of red, with their geographic origin on the map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831955/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Since the two consecutive groups where
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF8597B8DF49FED16F21" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[182,281,1063,1087]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF8597B8DF49FED16F21" box="[182,281,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1618,9 +1621,9 @@ In the analysis under equal weights using the genomic constraint,
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF85977EDE59FF1B6E51" box="[112,211,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is monophyletic with high support values (bootstrap 99), as is each of the species within this genus (Supporting Information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8597F5DE18FE8B6E90" box="[251,323,1398,1422]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8597F5DE18FE8B6E90" box="[251,323,1398,1422]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). For the rest of the tree the supports are low, although the optimal topology is similar in general to the one from the maximum likelihood analysis. The low support values may be attributed to the many terminals with sequences from only a single marker. In the implied weighting analysis using the genomic constraint (Supporting Information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859577DD7DFD086D35" box="[633,704,1555,1579]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859577DD7DFD086D35" box="[633,704,1555,1579]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S4</figureCitation>
|
||||
), the groups are also similar as in the previous analyses, but the support values are slightly higher than in the equal weights’ analysis. In both analyses, the parsimony optimization of the spinnerets’ arrangement is the same as in the maximum likelihood analysis.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274FFF859640DDA9FDD56DFF" blockId="39.[334,541,1735,1761]" box="[334,541,1735,1761]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
|
|
@ -1628,81 +1631,81 @@ is monophyletic with high support values (bootstrap 99), as is each of the speci
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683274FFF85977FDD80FCA36A7D" blockId="39.[112,763,1774,1955]" lastBlockId="39.[810,1460,144,356]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
The three species show remarkable colour polymorphism, which seems unrelated to geographic location and time of collection, since many morphs were collected at the same time in the same locality (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8597DEDC22FED56C7A" box="[208,285,1868,1892]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8597DEDC22FED56C7A" box="[208,285,1868,1892]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859622DC22FE8E6C7A" box="[300,326,1868,1892]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859622DC22FE8E6C7A" box="[300,326,1868,1892]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85965BDC22FEA76C7A" box="[341,367,1868,1892]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85965BDC22FEA76C7A" box="[341,367,1868,1892]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
). There are also coincidences on the same morphs in different species. For example, (i) reddish chevrons, dark cardiac area, dark sides:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF8596D0DCE5FD8D6CBD" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[478,581,1931,1955]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF8596D0DCE5FD8D6CBD" box="[478,581,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859559DCE5FD7B6CBD" box="[599,691,1931,1955]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859559DCE5FD7B6CBD" box="[599,691,1931,1955]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8595B8DCE5FD0B6CBD" box="[694,707,1931,1955]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8595B8DCE5FD0B6CBD" box="[694,707,1931,1955]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
, A.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8595E7DCE5FD3D6CBD" box="[745,757,1931,1955]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8595E7DCE5FD3D6CBD" box="[745,757,1931,1955]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
, A.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85944ADBFEFC956BB6" box="[836,861,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[130,195,1183,1207]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1155]" captionTargetId="figure-433@16.[161,1441,144,1155]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11.Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cicurina cicur (Fabricius, 1793), female.A, overview. B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS.D, PLS left.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pf, pseudoflagelliform gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85944ADBFEFC956BB6" box="[836,861,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[130,195,1183,1207]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1155]" captionTargetId="figure-433@16.[161,1441,144,1155]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11.Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cicurina cicur (Fabricius, 1793), female.A, overview. B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS.D, PLS left.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pf, pseudoflagelliform gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831915/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859464DBFEFCBE6BB6" box="[874,886,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859464DBFEFCBE6BB6" box="[874,886,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
, J, K.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8594BBDBFEFC0B6BB6" box="[949,963,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8594BBDBFEFC0B6BB6" box="[949,963,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF85930DDBFEFB966BB6" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1027,1118,144,168]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF85930DDBFEFB966BB6" box="[1027,1118,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85937FDBFEFB046BB6" box="[1137,1228,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 27D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85937FDBFEFB046BB6" box="[1137,1228,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 27D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); (ii) black with posterior red blotch:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF8594E7DBDEFB9A6BD9" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[1001,1106,175,199]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF8594E7DBDEFB9A6BD9" box="[1001,1106,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859368DBC1FB0C6BD9" box="[1126,1220,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859368DBC1FB0C6BD9" box="[1126,1220,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593C8DBC1FB1B6BD9" box="[1222,1235,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593C8DBC1FB1B6BD9" box="[1222,1235,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
, A.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593F6DBC1FADE6BD9" box="[1272,1302,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">19</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593F6DBC1FADE6BD9" box="[1272,1302,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">19</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF859256DBDEFA7B6BD9" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1368,1459,175,199]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF859256DBDEFA7B6BD9" box="[1368,1459,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85943BDBA1FC446BF9" box="[821,908,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 27E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85943BDBA1FC446BF9" box="[821,908,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 27E</figureCitation>
|
||||
); (iii) dark grey:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF859347DBA1FB796BF9" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[1097,1201,207,231]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF859347DBA1FB796BF9" box="[1097,1201,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593CADBA1FAE36BF8" box="[1220,1323,206,231]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593CADBA1FAE36BF8" box="[1220,1323,206,231]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859220DBA0FAF26BF8" box="[1326,1338,206,230]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859220DBA0FAF26BF8" box="[1326,1338,206,230]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
, A.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859250DBA1FAB36BF9" box="[1374,1403,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[129,194,854,878]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,826]" captionTargetId="figure-646@18.[161,1441,144,826]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Calymmaria persica (Hentz, 1847). A–C, female, D–G, male.A, ALS right. B, PLS left. C, overview of PMS.D, overview.E, ALS left.F, PMS left.G, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859250DBA1FAB36BF9" box="[1374,1403,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[129,194,854,878]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,826]" captionTargetId="figure-646@18.[161,1441,144,826]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Calymmaria persica (Hentz, 1847). A–C, female, D–G, male.A, ALS right. B, PLS left. C, overview of PMS.D, overview.E, ALS left.F, PMS left.G, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831919/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF859424DB80FC5E6A18" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[810,918,238,262]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF859424DB80FC5E6A18" box="[810,918,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8594A8DB80FBC86A18" box="[934,1024,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 24D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8594A8DB80FBC86A18" box="[934,1024,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 24D</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85930ADB80FBD96A18" box="[1028,1041,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85930ADB80FBD96A18" box="[1028,1041,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
); (iv) dark band on pale background:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF859290DB80FCBB6A3B" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF859290DB80FCBB6A3B" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85948DDA63FC1E6A3B" box="[899,982,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 22E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF85948DDA63FC1E6A3B" box="[899,982,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 22E</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D00274FFF85931FDA60FBB46A3B" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1041,1148,269,293]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91274FFF85931FDA60FBB46A3B" box="[1041,1148,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859385DA63FB216A3B" box="[1163,1257,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 24C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF859385DA63FB216A3B" box="[1163,1257,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 24C</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593E2DA63FB3D6A3B" box="[1260,1269,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06274FFF8593E2DA63FB3D6A3B" box="[1260,1269,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
, G). The examples above also show that similar colour morphs occur irrespective of sex.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,102 +1,105 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002763FFA9963EDDF6FDF36DAC" ID-CoL="625HC" authority="Bertkau, 1878" authorityName="Bertkau" authorityYear="1878" box="[304,571,1688,1715]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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@ -136,7 +139,7 @@ resemble other entelegyne spiders of the RTA clade by having entelegyne genitali
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<emphasis id="89B3EA912763FFA99582DC15FD276C8D" box="[652,751,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
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) differ by having the anterior lateral spinnerets well separated, with the posterior medians advanced in-between them, and the posterior laterals well separated, behind the anterior laterals or, most usually, at their sides, so that all the spinnerets are arranged in a row (
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA99486DD4CFC236D25" box="[904,1003,1570,1595]" captionStart-0="Figure 7" captionStart-1="Figure 8" captionStart-2="Figure 9" captionStart-3="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="12.[129,194,1173,1197]" captionStartId-1="13.[114,179,1167,1191]" captionStartId-2="14.[129,194,1128,1152]" captionStartId-3="15.[113,178,1162,1186]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1145]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1140]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1101]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1135]" captionTargetId-0="figure-343@12.[161,1441,144,1145]" captionTargetId-1="figure-448@13.[146,1426,144,1140]" captionTargetId-2="figure-422@14.[161,1441,144,1101]" captionTargetId-3="figure-415@15.[146,1426,144,1135]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionText-0="Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Hahnia pusilla (C.L.Koch, 1841), female. A, overview.B, ALS left.C, PMS left.D, PMS right. E, PLS left.F, PLS right.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 8. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Hahnia pusilla (C.L.Koch, 1841), male. A, overview. B, ALS left. C, PMS left.D. PLS left. Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 9. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Neoantistea magna (Keyserling, 1887), female.A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS right. D, PLS right. E, same, detail.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, Piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-3="Figure 10. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Neoantistea magna (Keyserling, 1887), male.A, overview. B, ALS left. C, PMS right. D, PLS left.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 7–10</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA99486DD4CFC236D25" box="[904,1003,1570,1595]" captionStart-0="Figure 7" captionStart-1="Figure 8" captionStart-2="Figure 9" captionStart-3="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="12.[129,194,1173,1197]" captionStartId-1="13.[114,179,1167,1191]" captionStartId-2="14.[129,194,1128,1152]" captionStartId-3="15.[113,178,1162,1186]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1145]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1140]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1101]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1135]" captionTargetId-0="figure-343@12.[161,1441,144,1145]" captionTargetId-1="figure-448@13.[146,1426,144,1140]" captionTargetId-2="figure-422@14.[161,1441,144,1101]" captionTargetId-3="figure-415@15.[146,1426,144,1135]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionText-0="Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Hahnia pusilla (C.L.Koch, 1841), female. A, overview.B, ALS left.C, PMS left.D, PMS right. E, PLS left.F, PLS right.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 8. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Hahnia pusilla (C.L.Koch, 1841), male. A, overview. B, ALS left. C, PMS left.D. PLS left. Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 9. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Neoantistea magna (Keyserling, 1887), female.A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS right. D, PLS right. E, same, detail.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, Piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-3="Figure 10. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Neoantistea magna (Keyserling, 1887), male.A, overview. B, ALS left. C, PMS right. D, PLS left.Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831901" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831905" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831909" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831913" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14831901/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14831905/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14831909/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14831913/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 7–10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Additionally, they, including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002763FFA9922CDD4CFA4D6D24" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[1314,1413,1570,1594]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912763FFA9922CDD4CFA4D6D24" box="[1314,1413,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -152,15 +155,15 @@ and
|
|||
<bibRefCitation id="DF564B722763FFA99424DDD1FC796DC9" author="Simon E" box="[810,945,1727,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="193 - 380" refId="ref35030" refString="Simon E. Histoire Naturelle des Araignees. Deuxieme Edition, Tome Second. Paris: Roret, 1898, 193 - 380." type="book chapter" year="1898">Simon, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and the simple copulatory bulb with the thin embolus circling clockwise (left palp, ventral view), without conductor, and sometimes with a lightly sclerotized median apophysis as a simple lobe (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA99349DC73FB596C2B" box="[1095,1169,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA99349DC73FB596C2B" box="[1095,1169,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA99392DC73FB7E6C2B" box="[1180,1206,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[115,180,1623,1647]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-119@21.[146,1426,144,1595]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16.Scanning electron micrographs of left male palps of Hahnia pusilla (C.L.Koch, 1841) (A–D) and Neoantistea magna (Keyserling, 1887) (E–H). A, retrolateral view. B, dorsal view.C, ventral view.D, tibia and patella in retrolateral view. E, ventral view.F, dorsal view.G, detail of tibial retroleral apophysis in ventral view. H, same, detail in dorsal view. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, patellar retrolateral apophysis of male palp; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA99392DC73FB7E6C2B" box="[1180,1206,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[115,180,1623,1647]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-119@21.[146,1426,144,1595]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16.Scanning electron micrographs of left male palps of Hahnia pusilla (C.L.Koch, 1841) (A–D) and Neoantistea magna (Keyserling, 1887) (E–H). A, retrolateral view. B, dorsal view.C, ventral view.D, tibia and patella in retrolateral view. E, ventral view.F, dorsal view.G, detail of tibial retroleral apophysis in ventral view. H, same, detail in dorsal view. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, patellar retrolateral apophysis of male palp; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831927/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002763FFA993C3DC73FAF86C2B" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[1229,1328,1821,1845]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912763FFA993C3DC73FAF86C2B" box="[1229,1328,1821,1845]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has grouped spinnerets (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA994ADDC52FC306C4A" box="[931,1016,1852,1877]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId-0="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId-3="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." captionText-3="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062763FFA994ADDC52FC306C4A" box="[931,1016,1852,1877]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId-0="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId-3="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." captionText-3="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
), but the male genitalia have the mentioned diagnostic characters;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002763FFA99302DC32FB476C6A" authorityName="Schiapelli and Gerschman" authorityYear="1958" box="[1036,1167,1884,1908]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Amaloxenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912763FFA99302DC32FB476C6A" box="[1036,1167,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Amaloxenops</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -172,7 +175,7 @@ and
|
|||
lack the patellar apophysis, but the tibial apophysis and the spinnerets are typical of the family.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2764FFAE978FDFFBFA8E6FFB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[129,194,1173,1197]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1145]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2764FFAE978FDFFBFA8E6FFB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[129,194,1173,1197]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1145]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832764FFAE978FDFFBFA8E6FFB" blockId="12.[129,1435,1173,1254]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912764FFAE978FDFFBFF106FB3" bold="true" box="[129,216,1173,1197]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,102 +1,105 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="F39653665E06BD6AE426A8545A4053B2">Systematics of the colour-polymorphic spider genus Cybaeolus, with comments on the phylogeny of the family Hahniidae (Araneae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="336E87952764FFAC930BDD08FA946E7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:336E87952764FFAC930BDD08FA946E7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/336E87952764FFAC930BDD08FA946E7B" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<treatment id="336E87952764FFAC930BDD08FA946E7B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831891" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:336E87952764FFAC930BDD08FA946E7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/336E87952764FFAC930BDD08FA946E7B" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" scope_family="Hahniidae" scope_order="Araneae" scope_subFamily="Hahniinae">
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<subSubSection id="F3DD65082764FFAE930BDD08FB3E6D9F" box="[1029,1270,1638,1665]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002764FFAE930BDD08FB3E6D9F" ID-CoL="3XSB" authority="Simon, 1884" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[1029,1270,1638,1665]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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@ -165,15 +168,15 @@ Species of
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<emphasis id="89B3EA912764FFAE94B8DCC9FBD16CA1" box="[950,1049,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cybaeolus</emphasis>
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resemble other hahniids by having a retrolateral hook-shaped tibial process with a groove through which (presumably) the embolus slides (
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9528DE61FD5D6E39" box="[550,661,1295,1319]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15I–K</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9528DE61FD5D6E39" box="[550,661,1295,1319]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15I–K</figureCitation>
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), but are distinguished by having a retrolateral patellar process with two or more tips (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF97F3DE20FE9C6E78" box="[253,340,1358,1382]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF97F3DE20FE9C6E78" box="[253,340,1358,1382]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and spinnerets arranged in a group with the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462765FFAF9796DE00FF036E98" box="[152,203,1390,1414]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">PMS</collectionCode>
|
||||
posterior to the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462765FFAF967ADE00FE696E98" box="[372,417,1390,1414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF96BCDE03FDC16E9B" box="[434,521,1389,1414]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId-0="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId-3="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." captionText-3="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF96BCDE03FDC16E9B" box="[434,521,1389,1414]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId-0="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId-3="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." captionText-3="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
), instead of arranged in a line or having the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462765FFAF9636DEE3FEA36EBB" box="[312,363,1421,1445]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">PMS</collectionCode>
|
||||
advanced in between the
|
||||
|
|
@ -181,7 +184,7 @@ advanced in between the
|
|||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2765FFAF977CDFE1FF036FC1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[114,179,1167,1191]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1140]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2765FFAF977CDFE1FF036FC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831905/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[114,179,1167,1191]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1140]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832765FFAF977CDFE1FF036FC1" blockId="13.[113,1448,1167,1247]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912765FFAF977CDFE1FF026FB9" bold="true" box="[114,202,1167,1191]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
@ -200,27 +203,27 @@ Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832765FFAF977FDE85FCA36D81" blockId="13.[112,764,1515,1978]" lastBlockId="13.[809,1461,1295,1978]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Small spiders (1.50–3.50) with eight eyes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9536DE85FD586D1D" box="[568,656,1515,1539]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9536DE85FD586D1D" box="[568,656,1515,1539]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), anterior eye row slightly procurved in anterior view, posterior row slightly procurved to straight in dorsal view,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462765FFAF96E7DD44FDE96D5C" box="[489,545,1578,1602]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">AME</collectionCode>
|
||||
normally developed, PME separated by one diameter of PME, clypeus no greater than 2.5× diameter of
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462765FFAF962BDD06FE976D9E" box="[293,351,1640,1664]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">AME</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Colour patterns of prosoma, and especially of opisthosoma, extremely polymorphic (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9566DDE9FD036DBE" box="[616,715,1671,1696]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9566DDE9FD036DBE" box="[616,715,1671,1696]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF95D5DDE6FD3D6DBE" box="[731,757,1672,1696]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF95D5DDE6FD3D6DBE" box="[731,757,1672,1696]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF977FDDC9FF556DA1" box="[113,157,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">23A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF977FDDC9FF556DA1" box="[113,157,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831941/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">23A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF97A7DDC9FF0B6DA1" box="[169,195,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF97A7DDC9FF0B6DA1" box="[169,195,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF97DEDDC9FF346DA1" box="[208,252,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">25D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF97DEDDC9FF346DA1" box="[208,252,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-95@34.[161,1441,144,1711]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 25. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904), female (A–E, MACN-Ar 42819. G, MACN-Ar 42750). A, eyes, dorsal view.B, prosoma, anterior view. C, habitus lateral. D, habitus dorsal. E, epigyne, ventral view. F, habitus ventral. G, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831945/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">25D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9606DDC9FEF96DA1" box="[264,305,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">26E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9606DDC9FEF96DA1" box="[264,305,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-195@35.[146,1426,144,1496]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 26. Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), female.A, epigyne from variant with transversal proximal copulatory ducts, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43232). B, same, cleared, ventral view, arrow to proximal copulatory duct. C, genitalia of variant with transversal proximal copulatory duct and longer posterior loop (arrows; AMNH LAM-0559). D, genitalia of intermediate variant (AMNH, LAM-0558). E, holotype, dorsal habitus. F, same, ventral habitus. G, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view.E, same, schematic drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831947/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">26E</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9633DDC9FE9F6DA1" box="[317,343,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9633DDC9FE9F6DA1" box="[317,343,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[181,1421,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904), grouped by locality and collection event. A, Argentina, Neuquén: Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43581). B, Chile, La Araucanía, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta (MACN-Ar 43232). C, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana, (CASENT 9039052, CASENT 9034004). D, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Chaltén (MACN-Ar 43327). E, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín (MACN-Ar 43343). F, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43972)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831951/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Carapace light brown, with or without thoracic markings, without foveal furrow. Opisthosoma oval or elongate, it can be dark, pale, orange, or brown, mottled, with or without chevrons. Chelicerae with three or four promarginal and three retromarginal teeth, male with or without stridulatory file made of minute bumps, rastellum (a row of rake setae with thickened bases;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF962ADC0DFEB56C65" box="[292,381,1891,1915]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF962ADC0DFEB56C65" box="[292,381,1891,1915]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) present in females of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002765FFAF957CDC0DFD046C65" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1904" box="[626,716,1891,1915]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912765FFAF957CDC0DFD046C65" box="[626,716,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -234,13 +237,13 @@ and
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912765FFAF9645DCECFE676C84" box="[331,431,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Endites not convergent, serrula in a transverse line (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9632DCCFFE466CA4" box="[316,398,1953,1978]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9632DCCFFE466CA4" box="[316,398,1953,1978]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), posterior external margin variably inflated or projecting in males. Labium slightly wider than long, anterior edge straight, posterior slightly convex. Sternum shieldshaped, weakly concave anteriorly at base of labium. Male palp with simple retrolateral patellar apophysis with two or more distal thorns (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF94B2DEE3FBDD6EBB" box="[956,1045,1421,1445]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF94B2DEE3FBDD6EBB" box="[956,1045,1421,1445]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), RTA acute, curved, furrowed, tip with regular teeth pointing backwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF939CDEC2FACD6EDA" box="[1170,1285,1452,1476]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 15I–K</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF939CDEC2FACD6EDA" box="[1170,1285,1452,1476]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 15I–K</figureCitation>
|
||||
); a swollen area near the RTA base bears several thick setae. Cymbium oval, with retrolateral furrow leading to RTA (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9391DE85FB266D1D" box="[1183,1262,1515,1539]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 17J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9391DE85FB266D1D" box="[1183,1262,1515,1539]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 17J</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Copulatory bulb with disc-shaped tegulum, with a membranous patch where the fleshy median apophysis arises in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002765FFAF938ADD44FB146D5F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1904" box="[1156,1244,1577,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912765FFAF938ADD44FB146D5F" box="[1156,1244,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -258,17 +261,17 @@ only the membranous patch present in
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832765FFAC944BDDC9FE2A6C4A" blockId="13.[809,1461,1295,1978]" lastBlockId="14.[128,779,1257,1876]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Epigyne with paired copulatory openings, usually blocked with mating plugs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF930FDDA8FBAC6DC0" box="[1025,1124,1734,1758]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 17H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF930FDDA8FBAC6DC0" box="[1025,1124,1734,1758]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 17H</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF937ADDA8FB696DC0" box="[1140,1185,1734,1758]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">18G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF937ADDA8FB696DC0" box="[1140,1185,1734,1758]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">18G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Copulatory ducts long, leading to spherical spermathecae, fertilization ducts short, on posterior margin; accessory bulb unremarkable, restricted to small bump with gland ducts near the copulatory opening (observed only in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002765FFAF94B6DC2AFBEA6C45" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[952,1058,1859,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912765FFAF94B6DC2AFBEA6C45" box="[952,1058,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9320DC2DFBB26C42" box="[1070,1146,1859,1884]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig.18I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9320DC2DFBB26C42" box="[1070,1146,1859,1884]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig.18I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spinnerets (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9204DC2DFA976C45" box="[1290,1375,1859,1884]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId-0="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId-3="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." captionText-3="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062765FFAF9204DC2DFA976C45" box="[1290,1375,1859,1884]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionStartId-2="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetBox-3="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId-0="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId-3="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-1="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." captionText-2="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." captionText-3="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
) in relatively compact group,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462765FFAF9305DC0DFBFE6C65" box="[1035,1078,1891,1915]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">PLS</collectionCode>
|
||||
70–80° from
|
||||
|
|
@ -314,19 +317,19 @@ with one cylindrical gland spigot in female, from six to 11 aciniform gland spig
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912766FFAC960ADD2CFEA66D47" box="[260,366,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9674DD2FFE056D47" box="[378,461,1601,1625]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9674DD2FFE056D47" box="[378,461,1601,1625]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
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||||
). Leg formula 1243. Spination: femora I with dorsal and prolateral spines, patellae with two dorsal spines, tibiae I and II with dorsal and prolateral spines, tibiae II and IV with dorsal, prolateral, ventral, and retrolateral spines, metatarsi III and IV with prolateral, retrolateral, and ventral spines. Trichobothria with longitudinal fingerprint striae on proximal plate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9646DD93FE556C0B" box="[328,413,1789,1813]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 17F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9646DD93FE556C0B" box="[328,413,1789,1813]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 17F</figureCitation>
|
||||
), arranged on tarsi d0-1-0 or d0-1- 1-0 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC97BADC73FED86C2B" box="[180,272,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 17D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC97BADC73FED86C2B" box="[180,272,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 17D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9612DC73FE816C2B" box="[284,329,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">18D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9612DC73FE816C2B" box="[284,329,1821,1845]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">18D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), metatarsi d0-1-0 and tibiae d0-1-0. Tarsal organ a simple keyhole (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9677DC52FE196C4A" box="[377,465,1852,1876]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9677DC52FE196C4A" box="[377,465,1852,1876]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2766FFAC978FDF06FA8F6FA7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[129,194,1128,1152]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1101]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
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<caption id="EFB8660B2766FFAC978FDF06FA8F6FA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831909/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[129,194,1128,1152]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1101]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="BB7836832766FFAC978FDF06FA8F6FA7" blockId="14.[129,1430,1128,1209]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912766FFAC978FDF06FF106F9F" bold="true" box="[129,216,1128,1153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,102 +1,105 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="4F99D8A4070B96FCAB2BB4251FBA75AB">Systematics of the colour-polymorphic spider genus Cybaeolus, with comments on the phylogeny of the family Hahniidae (Araneae)</mods:title>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9441DEB2FC7E6EE9" box="[847,950,1500,1527]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 1C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9441DEB2FC7E6EE9" box="[847,950,1500,1527]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 1C, F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC94CEDEB2FBE46EE9" box="[960,1068,1500,1527]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">2A–I, K, L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC94CEDEB2FBE46EE9" box="[960,1068,1500,1527]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">2A–I, K, L</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9338DEB2FB8C6EE8" box="[1078,1092,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9338DEB2FB8C6EE8" box="[1078,1092,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9340DEB2FB946EE8" box="[1102,1116,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9340DEB2FB946EE8" box="[1102,1116,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9368DEB2FB4A6EE8" box="[1126,1154,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9368DEB2FB4A6EE8" box="[1126,1154,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9385DEB2FB116EE8" box="[1163,1241,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">19A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9385DEB2FB116EE8" box="[1163,1241,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">19A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC93EDDEB2FAE26EE9" box="[1251,1322,1500,1527]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">20A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC93EDDEB2FAE26EE9" box="[1251,1322,1500,1527]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">20A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC923ADEB2FA986EE8" box="[1332,1360,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC923ADEB2FA986EE8" box="[1332,1360,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9254DEB2FABE6EE8" box="[1370,1398,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC9254DEB2FABE6EE8" box="[1370,1398,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC928EDEB2FA636EE8" box="[1408,1451,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">28A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062766FFAC928EDEB2FA636EE8" box="[1408,1451,1500,1526]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831953/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">28A</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ and,
|
|||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2767FFAD977FDFE4FEFC6FC5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[113,178,1162,1186]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1135]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2767FFAD977FDFE4FEFC6FC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831913/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[113,178,1162,1186]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1135]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832767FFAD977FDFE4FEFC6FC5" blockId="15.[113,1452,1162,1243]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD977FDFE4FF1E6FBD" bold="true" box="[113,214,1162,1187]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
@ -259,7 +262,7 @@ Males and females differ from those of other
|
|||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by lacking a rastellum of thick setae on the cheliceral promargin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9772DD47FF186D5F" box="[124,208,1577,1601]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9772DD47FF186D5F" box="[124,208,1577,1601]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In addition, males are similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002767FFAD959EDD47FD336D5F" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[656,763,1577,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD959EDD47FD686D5E" box="[656,672,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -267,9 +270,9 @@ by lacking a rastellum of thick setae on the cheliceral promargin (
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD95A2DD47FD336D5F" box="[684,763,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a dorsally curved retrolateral patellar process with three to five acute tips (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD966EDD09FE1E6D61" box="[352,470,1639,1663]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD966EDD09FE1E6D61" box="[352,470,1639,1663]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), but differ by the lack a median apophysis in the tegulum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD96B5DDE9FDE66D80" box="[443,558,1671,1695]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD96B5DDE9FDE66D80" box="[443,558,1671,1695]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), which is found in males of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002767FFAD97DCDDC8FEF46DA0" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[210,316,1702,1726]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD97DCDDC8FF296DA3" box="[210,225,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -277,35 +280,35 @@ by having a dorsally curved retrolateral patellar process with three to five acu
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD97E3DDC8FEF46DA0" box="[237,316,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9640DDC8FE0A6DA3" box="[334,450,1702,1726]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9640DDC8FE0A6DA3" box="[334,450,1702,1726]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002767FFAD950BDDC8FD976DA0" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1904" box="[517,607,1702,1726]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD950BDDC8FD976DA0" box="[517,607,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9560DDC8FD216DA3" box="[622,745,1702,1726]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9560DDC8FD216DA3" box="[622,745,1702,1726]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 19G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Females are similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002767FFAD96A1DDA8FDD26DC3" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[431,538,1733,1757]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD96A1DDA8FDD26DC3" box="[431,538,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having the copulatory openings anteriorly in the epigyne but can be distinguished by the copulatory ducts describing complete loops around the spermathecae, visible in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9500DC4DFDA56C25" box="[526,621,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 20A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9500DC4DFDA56C25" box="[526,621,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 20A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9570DC4DFD026C25" box="[638,714,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">21B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD9570DC4DFD026C25" box="[638,714,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">21B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In comparison, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002767FFAD961BDC2DFE496C45" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[277,385,1859,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD961BDC2DFE496C45" box="[277,385,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the loops are restricted to the mesal margins of the spermathecae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD96ACDC0CFDD16C67" box="[418,537,1890,1914]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD96ACDC0CFDD16C67" box="[418,537,1890,1914]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD952DDC0CFDA56C64" box="[547,621,1890,1914]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">23B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD952DDC0CFDA56C64" box="[547,621,1890,1914]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831941/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">23B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The copulatory openings are usually closer to each other than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002767FFAD9584DCECFD3D6C87" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[650,757,1921,1945]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912767FFAD9584DCECFD3D6C87" box="[650,757,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but this is variable across specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD96E3DCCFFDA96CA7" box="[493,609,1953,1977]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 21D–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062767FFAD96E3DCCFFDA96CA7" box="[493,609,1953,1977]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 21D–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832767FFAD9336DE47FB6C6E5C" blockId="15.[809,1461,1321,1978]" box="[1080,1188,1321,1346]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
|
|
@ -390,13 +393,13 @@ dorsum mottled white with brick-red stripe over cardiac region extending posteri
|
|||
femur, patella and tibia light-yellow, cymbium dark brown.
|
||||
<collectorName id="163253552778FFB2967BDE71FE066E29" box="[373,462,1311,1335]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pedipalp</collectorName>
|
||||
cymbium distinctly rounded, median apophysis absent, only a pale unsclerotized patch in its place (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB297C6DE30FED66E68" box="[200,286,1374,1398]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB297C6DE30FED66E68" box="[200,286,1374,1398]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); tibial apophysis long and procurved, patellar apophysis recumbent on retrolateral surface armed with three or four teeth (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB297F8DEF3FEA16EAB" box="[246,361,1437,1461]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 19B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB297F8DEF3FEA16EAB" box="[246,361,1437,1461]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 19B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectorName id="163253552778FFB29671DEF3FE246EAB" box="[383,492,1437,1461]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Spinnerets</collectorName>
|
||||
in relatively compact group (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29785DED2FF1C6ECA" box="[139,212,1468,1492]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29785DED2FF1C6ECA" box="[139,212,1468,1492]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), pigmented, dusky-yellow with distal segments darker.
|
||||
<collectorName id="163253552778FFB2978FDEB5FF156EED" box="[129,221,1499,1523]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Proximal</collectorName>
|
||||
segment of
|
||||
|
|
@ -418,26 +421,26 @@ total length 0.19; distal segment length 0.04, proximal segment 0.15.
|
|||
morphology:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462778FFB29520DD16FD936D8E" box="[558,603,1656,1680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one major ampullate gland spigot flanked by nubbin, and 12 piriform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB297D4DDD9FEED6DD1" box="[218,293,1719,1743]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB297D4DDD9FEED6DD1" box="[218,293,1719,1743]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462778FFB29633DDD9FEB86DD1" box="[317,368,1719,1743]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">PMS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one minor ampullate gland spigot and three aciniform gland spigots, one slightly larger (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB295BFDDB8FD306DF0" box="[689,760,1750,1774]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB295BFDDB8FD306DF0" box="[689,760,1750,1774]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462778FFB2978FDD9BFF646C13" box="[129,172,1781,1805]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">PLS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with four aciniform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29525DD9BFDB26C13" box="[555,634,1781,1805]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29525DD9BFDB26C13" box="[555,634,1781,1805]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectorName id="163253552778FFB2959ADD9BFCC26C13" box="[660,778,1781,1805]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Epiandrous</collectorName>
|
||||
spigots absent (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29624DC7BFEBD6C33" box="[298,373,1813,1837]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29624DC7BFEBD6C33" box="[298,373,1813,1837]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-265@9.[146,1426,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, male.A, overview. B, PMS left.C, ALS left. D, PLS left. E, epiandrum.Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831889/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectorName id="163253552778FFB2969EDC7BFE086C33" box="[400,448,1813,1837]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Legs</collectorName>
|
||||
all light yellow-brown, femora with black annulations distally, tibiae and metatarsi with faint markings.
|
||||
<collectorName id="163253552778FFB297E4DC3AFED96C72" box="[234,273,1876,1900]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Leg</collectorName>
|
||||
measurements (formula 1243): leg I (total 3.62) femur 0.89, patella 0.31, tibia 0.89, metatarsus 0.90, tarsus 0.54; leg II (3.55) 0.99, 0.28, 0.86, 0.85, 0.57; leg III (2.91) 0.85, 0.28, 0.67, 0.66, 0.45; leg IV (3.29) 0.97, 0.27, 0.73, 0.81, 0.51; palp (1.02) 0.34, 0.21, 0.14, -, 0.33.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2778FFB2978CDFF1FA896FF1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[130,195,1183,1207]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1155]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2778FFB2978CDFF1FA896FF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831915/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[130,195,1183,1207]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1155]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832778FFB2978CDFF1FA896FF1" blockId="16.[129,1430,1183,1263]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912778FFB2978CDFF1FF2E6FA9" bold="true" box="[130,230,1183,1207]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
@ -454,7 +457,7 @@ Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
|||
Female (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="647C88212778FFB294A5DE30FBC56E68" box="[939,1037,1374,1398]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB2931BDE30FB4B6E68" box="[1045,1155,1374,1398]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 21G–J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB2931BDE30FB4B6E68" box="[1045,1155,1374,1398]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 21G–J</figureCitation>
|
||||
, complemented with SEM data from
|
||||
<typeStatus id="647C88212778FFB2947CDE13FBE96E8B" box="[882,1057,1405,1429]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">other specimens</typeStatus>
|
||||
). Total length 2.38. Carapace 1.00 long, 0.80 wide. Abdomen 1.46 long, 0.99 wide. Eye diameters and spacing:
|
||||
|
|
@ -468,15 +471,15 @@ Female (
|
|||
–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.07, PME–PLE 0.09, ALE–PLE virtually contiguous; MOQ length 0.19, anterior width 0.14, posterior width 0.21. Anterior eye row slightly procurved in anterior view, posterior row slightly procurved in dorsal view. Clypeus height 0.11 (2.2× diameter of
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462778FFB29275DD37FA706D6F" box="[1403,1464,1625,1649]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">AME</collectionCode>
|
||||
). Carapace pale-yellow, with no thoracic markings, with only a trace of black border to Carapace. Chelicerae without rastellum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB2944ADDD9FC506DD1" box="[836,920,1719,1743]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB2944ADDD9FC506DD1" box="[836,920,1719,1743]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Endites yellow-brown, as long as wide, posterior lateral edge rounded. Sternum yellow-brown with no markings, slightly wider than long. Abdomen dorsum mottled white over entire surface, anterior mid-dorsal aspect with darker line; venter white mottled blotches. Epigyne flat, centrally rugous, copulatory ducts open medially and anteriorly (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB293E0DC3DFAAE6C75" box="[1262,1382,1875,1899]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 17H, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB293E0DC3DFAAE6C75" box="[1262,1382,1875,1899]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="22.[128,193,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[161,1441,144,1474]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. A, left chelicera, posterior view.B, same, detail of promargin and fang, ventral view. C, claws of left leg I. D, tarsus I, dorsal view.E, metatarsal sensory organ of left leg I. F, trichobothrium of tarsus I. G, tarsal organ I. H, epigyne, note copulatory openings obstructed by mating plugs. I, vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831929/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 17H, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB2927ADC3DFA746C75" box="[1396,1468,1875,1899]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">20A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB2927ADC3DFA746C75" box="[1396,1468,1875,1899]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">20A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29437DC1DFC756C94" box="[825,957,1907,1931]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">21B, D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062778FFB29437DC1DFC756C94" box="[825,957,1907,1931]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">21B, D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
), beginning with a lateral loop that passes dorsally to the spermatheca and continues in a second ventral loop that surrounds it; spermathecae large, spherical. Spinnerets in relatively compact group (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39659DEECFE576E84" box="[343,415,1410,1434]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39659DEECFE576E84" box="[343,415,1410,1434]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), yellow-brown.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462779FFB39542DEECFDB16E84" box="[588,633,1410,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
conical with wide base,
|
||||
|
|
@ -498,23 +501,23 @@ total length 0.18; basal width 0.13, distal segment length 0.2, proximal segment
|
|||
length (not accessible);
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462779FFB3955BDD71FD486D29" box="[597,640,1567,1591]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PLS</collectionCode>
|
||||
total length 0.15; distal segment length 0.03, proximal segment length 0.12. Spigot morphology (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39640DD33FE416D68" box="[334,393,1629,1654]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39640DD33FE416D68" box="[334,393,1629,1654]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462779FFB396AADD30FE196D68" box="[420,465,1630,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with major ampullate gland spigot flanked by nubbin, and 12 piriform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB395DADD13FF446DAA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB395DADD13FF446DAA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462779FFB397A9DDF2FF126DAA" box="[167,218,1692,1716]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PMS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one minor ampullate gland spigot, one cylindrical gland spigot, and five to six aciniform gland spigots, one slightly larger (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39603DDB5FE906DED" box="[269,344,1755,1779]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39603DDB5FE906DED" box="[269,344,1755,1779]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462779FFB3967EDDB5FE536DED" box="[368,411,1755,1779]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PLS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one cylindrical gland spigot, six aciniform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3969DDD94FE176C0C" box="[403,479,1786,1810]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3969DDD94FE176C0C" box="[403,479,1786,1810]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-387@8.[161,1441,144,1241]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS left (several Ac spigot shafts broken).Abbreviations:Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot; Tp, tartipore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831887/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Legs all pale straw-colour with no markings. Leg measurements (formula 2143): leg I (total 2.96) femur 0.83, patella 0.29, tibia 0.67, metatarsus 0.73, tarsus 0.46; leg II (3.07) 0.82, 0.28, 0.71, 0.78 0.48; leg III (2.55) 0.76, 0.28, 0.51, 0.61, 0.39; leg IV (2.89) 0.76, 0.27, 0.72, 0.74, 0.40; palp (1.06) 0.34, 0.18, 0.21, -, 0.33. Pattern of spines: (most spines missing) pedipalp tarsi p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Femora: I p0-0-1 0-1. Tibiae: I d1-0-1; IV d1-0-1, v0-1-0. Metatarsi: III p0-1-1, v0-1-2, r0-0-1; IV p0-1-1, v0-1-2, r0-0-1.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2779FFB3977FDF8DFB5E6E2D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[113,178,1251,1275]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1222]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2779FFB3977FDF8DFB5E6E2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831917" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831917/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[113,178,1251,1275]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1222]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832779FFB3977FDF8DFB5E6E2D" blockId="17.[113,1446,1251,1331]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912779FFB3977FDF8DFF1E6FE5" bold="true" box="[113,214,1251,1275]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
@ -533,15 +536,15 @@ Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832779FFB39424DE8EFA676DAA" blockId="17.[810,1459,1466,1716]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
The male endites may be clearly projecting posteriorly (MACN-Ar 46682 MJR-2828) or swollen and slightly projecting (MACN-Ar 29776). The female copulatory openings are usually close to each other (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39347DD50FB746D48" box="[1097,1212,1598,1622]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 21B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39347DD50FB746D48" box="[1097,1212,1598,1622]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 21B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), but they may be more separated in some specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3936FDD33FB066D6B" box="[1121,1230,1629,1654]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 21E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3936FDD33FB066D6B" box="[1121,1230,1629,1654]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-6@26.[327,1276,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus (A–C, CASENT 9039051). D, epigyne cleared, ventral view (MACN-Ar 43242). E, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, variant with copulatory openings separated (MACN-Ar 29766). F, epigyne cleared, dorsal view, extreme variant with copulatory openings well separated (MACN-Ar 41386). G, female holotype, dorsal habitus. H, same, ventral habitus.I, same, dissected epigyne, dorsal view. J, same, epigyne cleared, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831937/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 21E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The body coloration is extremely variable (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3931FDD13FB7A6D8A" box="[1041,1202,1661,1685]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 2A–I, K, L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3931FDD13FB7A6D8A" box="[1041,1202,1661,1685]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 2A–I, K, L</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB393CEDD13FB126D8B" box="[1216,1242,1661,1685]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB393CEDD13FB126D8B" box="[1216,1242,1661,1685]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
), even among specimens from the same locality and collection event (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39225DDF2FA566DAA" box="[1323,1438,1692,1716]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 22A, K</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39225DDF2FA566DAA" box="[1323,1438,1692,1716]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="27.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-270@27.[146,1426,144,1326]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 22. Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, grouped by locality and collection event.A, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43965). B, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43952). C, Argentina, Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 43386).D, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43971). E, Chile, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional (MACN-Ar 43970).F, Chile, Magallanes, Punta Arenas (MACN-Ar 43980). G, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43967). H, Chile, Los Lagos, Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43957).I, Chile, Los Ríos, Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43961). J, Chile, Magallanes, Cueva del Milodón (MACN-Ar 43976, MACN-Ar 43978). K, Chile, Los Ríos, Reserva Costera Valdiviana (CASENT 9039051, CASENT 9039054, CASENT 9034002)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831939/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 22A, K</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -555,9 +558,9 @@ Specimens were found in webs on foliage of
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912779FFB393F6DD94FA916C0C" box="[1272,1369,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chusquea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bamboo (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3943BDC77FC486C2C" box="[821,896,1817,1842]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB3943BDC77FC486C2C" box="[821,896,1817,1842]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and other trees and shrubs. The eggsacs are affixed to the underside of a leaf and guarded by the female (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39225DC57FAB96C4F" box="[1323,1393,1849,1873]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062779FFB39225DC57FAB96C4F" box="[1323,1393,1849,1873]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -579,11 +582,11 @@ Hoste, in Región de Magallanes, and in adjacent
|
|||
, to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="7903F861277AFFB096C7D89DFD1B6F15" box="[457,723,1011,1035]" country="Argentina" name="Tierra del Fuego - Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tierra del Fuego province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06277AFFB095EDD89DFF636F34" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 28A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A06277AFFB095EDD89DFF636F34" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831953/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 28A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The gap without records between Parque Nacional Río Simpson in Región de Aysén, and Cueva del Milodón in Región de Magallanes may be due to low sampling effort in the area.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B277AFFB0978FD838FB2E68B8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[129,194,854,878]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,826]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
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||||
<caption id="EFB8660B277AFFB0978FD838FB2E68B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831919" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831919/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[129,194,854,878]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,826]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB783683277AFFB0978FD838FB2E68B8" blockId="18.[129,1449,854,934]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA91277AFFB0978FD838FF2D6870" bold="true" box="[129,229,854,878]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||||
Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,102 +1,105 @@
|
|||
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9458DF07FC776F9A" box="[854,959,1129,1156]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 1A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9458DF07FC776F9A" box="[854,959,1129,1156]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 1A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE94C7DF07FBC86F9A" box="[969,1024,1129,1156]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2J, M</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE94C7DF07FBC86F9A" box="[969,1024,1129,1156]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2J, M</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9304DF04FBD06F9A" box="[1034,1048,1130,1156]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9304DF04FBD06F9A" box="[1034,1048,1130,1156]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE932CDF07FBF86F9D" box="[1058,1072,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE932CDF07FBF86F9D" box="[1058,1072,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9334DF07FB9E6F9D" box="[1082,1110,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">15</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9334DF07FB9E6F9D" box="[1082,1110,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">15</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9351DF07FBB36F9D" box="[1119,1147,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">18</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9351DF07FBB36F9D" box="[1119,1147,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">18</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE938BDF07FB186F9D" box="[1157,1232,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">19D–F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE938BDF07FB186F9D" box="[1157,1232,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">19D–F</figureCitation>
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|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE93D4DF07FAED6F9A" box="[1242,1317,1129,1156]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE93D4DF07FAED6F9A" box="[1242,1317,1129,1156]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9221DF07FA836F9D" box="[1327,1355,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">23</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9221DF07FA836F9D" box="[1327,1355,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831941/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">23</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE925BDF07FAB96F9D" box="[1365,1393,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE925BDF07FAB96F9D" box="[1365,1393,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9274DF07FA6E6F9D" box="[1402,1446,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">28B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9274DF07FA6E6F9D" box="[1402,1446,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831953/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">28B</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
@ -225,39 +228,39 @@ Both sexes are similar to
|
|||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912774FFBE935FDE84FB786D1F" box="[1105,1200,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a rastellum of thick setae on the cheliceral promargin (although sometimes with thinner setae, see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9332DD46FB5F6D5E" box="[1084,1175,1576,1600]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9332DD46FB5F6D5E" box="[1084,1175,1576,1600]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Males of this species are also similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002774FFBE9331DD26FB556D41" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1087,1181,1607,1631]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912774FFBE9331DD26FB556D41" box="[1087,1181,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a fleshy median apophysis in the copulatory bulb (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE93A1DD09FAE76D60" box="[1199,1327,1638,1663]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 15E, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE93A1DD09FAE76D60" box="[1199,1327,1638,1663]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 15E, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9230DD09FA406D60" box="[1342,1416,1639,1663]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">19D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9230DD09FA406D60" box="[1342,1416,1639,1663]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">19D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and a two-pointed retrolateral patellar process. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002774FFBE9229DDE8FA506D80" box="[1319,1432,1670,1694]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912774FFBE9229DDE8FA506D80" box="[1319,1432,1670,1694]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. rastellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the median apophysis is distally wider, and the patellar process is directed posteriorly (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9317DDABFB416DC2" box="[1049,1161,1733,1757]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9317DDABFB416DC2" box="[1049,1161,1733,1757]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
), instead of anteriorly as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002774FFBE92A5DDABFCBF6DE2" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delfini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912774FFBE92A5DDABFCBF6DE2" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. delfini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9486DD8AFC326DE5" box="[904,1018,1764,1788]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19H, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE9486DD8AFC326DE5" box="[904,1018,1764,1788]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19H, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Females are similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002774FFBE9254DD8AFA0B6DE2" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[1370,1475,1764,1788]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912774FFBE9254DD8AFA0B6DE2" box="[1370,1475,1764,1788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having the copulatory openings anteriorly in the epigyne (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE944ADC4DFC086C24" box="[836,960,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE944ADC4DFC086C24" box="[836,960,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE94C4DC4DFBDE6C25" box="[970,1046,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">23B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062774FFBE94C4DC4DFBDE6C25" box="[970,1046,1827,1851]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831941/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">23B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) but can be distinguished by these being further apart from each other, the shorter and thicker copulatory ducts, describing a closer loop on the mesal margin of the spermathecae, six-shaped in ventral view, and the smaller spermathecae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2775FFBF977FDE12FF6A6EAE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2775FFBF977FDE12FF6A6EAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831941/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" targetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832775FFBF977FDE12FF6A6EAE" blockId="29.[113,1427,1404,1456]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912775FFBF977FDE12FF1E6E8A" bold="true" box="[113,214,1404,1428]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC74D002775FFBF97D4DE12FDC06E8A" authority="(Roth, 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[218,520,1404,1428]" class="Arachnida" family="Hahniidae" genus="Cybaeolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastellus">
|
||||
|
|
@ -291,15 +294,15 @@ when not visible in the
|
|||
–ALE0.06, PME–PME 0.10,PME– PLE 0.09, ALE–PLE 0.02; MOQ length 0.16, anterior width 0.15, posterior width 0.24. Anterior eye row slightly procurved in anterior view, posterior row straight in dorsal view. Clypeus height 0.12 (2.4× diameter of
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462775FFBF96ABDC69FE2A6C01" box="[421,482,1799,1823]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">AME</collectionCode>
|
||||
). Carapace castaneous with indistinct darker border, darker thoracic V-shaped mark, cephalic region weakly setose. Chelicerae orange-brown, without visible stridulatory file (weak stridulatory file observed in some specimens, on external-posterior side). Endites yellow-brown, longer than wide, posterior lateral edge strongly protruding (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF943BDE8BFC476EE3" box="[821,911,1509,1533]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF943BDE8BFC476EE3" box="[821,911,1509,1533]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labium light brown. Sternum castaneous, as wide as long. Opisthosoma distinctly elongated, dorsum: whitishgrey with three to four sepia chevrons posteriorly, mottled laterally, without setae expect on anterior dorsum; venter: mottled greyish-white with two indistinct longitudinal marks extending from epigastric furrow to base of spinnerets, darker around spinnerets. Palpal cymbium oval, copulatory bulb with small median apophysis (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF94ADDDAFFBD66DC6" box="[931,1054,1729,1753]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15E, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF94ADDDAFFBD66DC6" box="[931,1054,1729,1753]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15E, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
), tibial apophysis long and procurved with several long, strong, upwardly curved setae at base, patellar apophysis recumbent on retrolateral side, with two or three teeth (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF943BDC71FC596C29" box="[821,913,1823,1847]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF943BDC71FC596C29" box="[821,913,1823,1847]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[130,195,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-197@20.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15.Scanning electron micrographs of male Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma in anterior view. B, detail of left chelicera in anterior view, showing rake setae with slightly expanded bases. C, left endite, showing posterior lateral edge protruding.D, right palpal patella in dorsal view showing patellar apophysis.E, left palp in ventral view. F, same in dorsal view. G, same in retrolateral view.H, detail of copulatory bulb in ventral view.I, detail of tibial retrolateral apophysis in retrolateral view.J, detail of male palp in retrolateral view. K, same, closeup showing the cymbial groove. L, same, dorsal view, closeup showing the groove on the RTA. Abbreviations: CyGv, cymbial groove of male palp; E, embolus of male palp; MA, median apophysis of male palp; PA, male palpal patellar retrolateral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp; RTAGv, groove on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of male palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831925/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF9495DC71FC166C28" box="[923,990,1823,1847]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF9495DC71FC166C28" box="[923,990,1823,1847]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="24.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[216,1414,144,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[189,1414,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 19. Cleared palps of Cybaeolus males. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884, ventral view.B, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42781), C, the same, dorsal view.D, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), ventral view.E, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42802), ventral.F, the same, dorsal view. G, Cybaeolus delfini,ventral view. H, ventral view, cleared (MACN-Ar 42773).I, the same, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831933/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spinnerets in relatively compact group (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF9283DC71FC806C48" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062775FFBF9283DC71FC806C48" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462775FFBF946DDC50FC586C48" box="[867,912,1854,1878]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
pigmented,
|
||||
|
|
@ -323,20 +326,20 @@ total length 0.13.
|
|||
total length 0.26; distal segment length 0.05, proximal segment length 0.21. Spigot morphology:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462776FFBC96DDDC69FDC86C01" box="[467,512,1799,1823]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one major ampullate gland spigot flanked by nubbin, and 12 piriform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC9785DC28FF196C40" box="[139,209,1862,1886]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC9785DC28FF196C40" box="[139,209,1862,1886]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462776FFBC97E8DC28FED16C40" box="[230,281,1862,1886]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">PMS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one minor ampullate gland spigot and three aciniform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC9673DC0BFE0F6C63" box="[381,455,1893,1917]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC9673DC0BFE0F6C63" box="[381,455,1893,1917]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462776FFBC96D2DC0BFDCF6C63" box="[476,519,1893,1917]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">PLS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with five aciniform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC97D3DCEAFEE56C82" box="[221,301,1924,1948]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC97D3DCEAFEE56C82" box="[221,301,1924,1948]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Epiandrous spigots absent (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC957DDCEAFD776C82" box="[627,703,1924,1948]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062776FFBC957DDCEAFD776C82" box="[627,703,1924,1948]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-255@11.[146,1426,144,1321]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), male. A, overview.B, ALS left. C, overview of PMS. D, PLS right.E, epiandrum. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; N, nubbin (atrophied spigot); Pi, piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831899/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Legs orange-brown, all articles strongly annulated, lightly spined. Leg measurements (formula 1243): leg I (total 4.13) femur 1.19, patella 0.32, tibia 1.00, metatarsus 0.99, tarsus 0.63; leg II (4.07) 1.15, 0.35, 1.04, 0.92, 0.62; leg III (3.06) 1.04, 0.28, 0.68, 0.61, 0.45, leg IV (3.45) 1.05, 0.32, 0.81, 0.77, 0.48, palp (1.30) 0.44, 0.25, 0.22, -, 0.39. Leg formula 1243. Pattern of spines: Femora: I d0-1-0, p0-0-1; II d0-1-1 (or 0-1-0), p0-0-1 (or p0-1-1-0); III d0-0-1, p0-0-1. Patellae: I d1-0-1; II d1-0-1; III d1-0-1; IV d1-0- 1. Tibia: I d1-0-1, p0-0-1; II d1-0-1, p0-1-1; III d1-0-1, p0-0-1, v0-1-1; IV d1-0-1, v0-1-1. Metatarsus: III p0-1-1, v0-0-2, r0-0-1; IV p0-1-1, v0-2-2, r0-0-1.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2776FFBC978CDD74FA906DBC" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="EFB8660B2776FFBC978CDD74FA906DBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" targetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832776FFBC978CDD74FA906DBC" blockId="30.[129,1455,1562,1699]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89B3EA912776FFBC978CDD74FF2F6D2C" bold="true" box="[130,231,1562,1586]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||||
Colour polymorphism in
|
||||
|
|
@ -366,17 +369,17 @@ Female (
|
|||
–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.09, PME–PLE 0.06, ALE–PLE 0.02; MOQ length 0.21, anterior width 0.16, posterior width 0.21. Clypeus height 0.13 (2.6× diameter of
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462777FFBD95BCDA05FD386A9D" box="[690,752,363,387]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">AME</collectionCode>
|
||||
). Carapace cephalic region castaneous, shading to orange-brown laterally and posteriorly very faint radiating thoracic marks, weakly setose in cephalic region. Chelicerae length 0.47, ratio: 0.51, dark orange-brown, with prominent rastellum near base of fang. Endites short, as wide as long, without the posterior lateral extension of the male. Labium dusky. Sternum orange-brown, about as long as wide. Abdomen dorsum grey mottled with white, dark purplish-brown mark over cardiac region, dark band around posterior tip of abdomen, venter; without markings, sparsely setose along midline. Epigyne rugose, copulatory openings on shallow elevations (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD951AD9AAFDB869C2" box="[532,624,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD951AD9AAFDB869C2" box="[532,624,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||||
), copulatory duct begins with a loop anterior to the spermatheca, continues with a second loop, and connects through the ventral part of the spermatheca (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD963FD84CFE5A6824" box="[305,402,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 18H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD963FD84CFE5A6824" box="[305,402,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 18H</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96AED84CFE246827" box="[416,492,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96AED84CFE246827" box="[416,492,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="25.[113,178,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,148,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-345@25.[114,1458,144,1347]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 20. Cleared epigynes of Cybaeolus females. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884 (MACN-Ar 43242), ventral.B, the same, dorsal. C, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) (MACN-Ar 42822), ventral. D, the same, dorsal. E, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon 1904) (MACN-Ar 42750), ventral. F, the same, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831935/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">20C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96F4D84CFD8D6824" box="[506,581,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">23B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96F4D84CFD8D6824" box="[506,581,802,826]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="29.[113,178,1404,1428]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-284@29.[146,1426,144,1376]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 23. Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female.A, dorsal habitus. B, epigyne, ventral view.C, ventral habitus.D, epigyne cleared, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831941/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">23B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); accessory bulb as a small bump with gland ducts near the copulatory opening (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9772D80FFF076867" box="[124,207,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9772D80FFF076867" box="[124,207,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spinnerets in relatively compact group (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9595D80FFD216866" box="[667,745,864,889]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9595D80FFD216866" box="[667,745,864,889]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462777FFBD977FD8EEFF576886" box="[113,159,896,920]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
conical with wide base, distal segment of
|
||||
|
|
@ -398,15 +401,15 @@ total length 0.20.
|
|||
total length 0.31; distal segment length 0.05, proximal segment length 0.26. Spigot morphology:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462777FFBD95C0DF52FD346F4A" box="[718,764,1084,1108]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one major ampullate gland spigot flanked by a nubbin and 13 piriform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96B5DF15FDCC6F8C" box="[443,516,1146,1171]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96B5DF15FDCC6F8C" box="[443,516,1146,1171]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462777FFBD9512DF15FD986F8D" box="[540,592,1147,1171]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">PMS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one minor ampullate gland spigot, two cylindrical gland spigots, and eight aciniform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96B5DFD7FDC26FCF" box="[443,522,1209,1233]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD96B5DFD7FDC26FCF" box="[443,522,1209,1233]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462777FFBD952DDFD7FD876FCF" box="[547,591,1209,1233]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">PLS</collectionCode>
|
||||
with one cylindrical gland spigot and 11 aciniform gland spigots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9594DFB7FD216FEE" box="[666,745,1240,1265]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9594DFB7FD216FEE" box="[666,745,1240,1265]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-436@10.[161,1441,144,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), female. A, overview.B, ALS right.C, PMS left. D, PLS right. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; AT, anal tubercle; Cy, cylindrical gland spigot; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot; mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; TS, tracheal spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831895/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spinneret topology
|
||||
<specimenCode id="EB619EF82777FFBD964ADF96FE5A6E0E" box="[324,402,1272,1296]" collectionCode="PLS" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">PLS 70</specimenCode>
|
||||
° from
|
||||
|
|
@ -416,7 +419,7 @@ with one cylindrical gland spigot and 11 aciniform gland spigots (
|
|||
° anterior to
|
||||
<collectionCode id="DDD6AE462777FFBD979FDE79FF096E31" box="[145,193,1303,1327]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ALS</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Legs orange-brown, without distinct annulations but with dusky patches ventrally on femora and distally on metatarsus, pedipalp tarsi and tibiae dark orange-brown with patellae and femora a sharply contrasting light straw colour. Legs measurements: leg I (total 3.84), femur 1.11, patella 0.31, tibia 0.95, metatarsus 0.83, tarsus 0.64; leg II (3.86) 1.10, 0.37, 0.94, 0.90, 0.55; leg III (2.91) 0.90, 0.29, 0.64, 0.67, 0.41, leg IV (3.57) 1.06, 0.30, 0.86, 0.82, 0.53, palp (1.18), 0.33, 0.20, 0.27, -, 0.38. Pattern of spines: pedipalp patellae: d1-0- 1; tibiae: d1-0-0, p0-0-1; tarsi: d1-0-0, p1-1-1, v0-0-2, r1-1-1. Femora: I d0-0-1, p0-0-1 (or 2); II d0-0-1. Patellae all with: d1-0-1. Tibiae: I d1-0-1, p0-0-1; II d1-0-1, p0-0-1; III d1-0- 1, p0-0-1, vO1-1; IV d1-0-1, v0-1-1. Metatarsi: III and IV as male. Trichobothrial distribution tibiae: d1-2, metatarsi: d0-0- 1, tarsi: d0-1-0 or 0-1-1-0 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9684DDA0FE2C6DF8" box="[394,484,1742,1766]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9684DDA0FE2C6DF8" box="[394,484,1742,1766]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1443,1467]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-134@23.[146,1426,144,1415]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Scanning electron micrographs of female Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967). A, prosoma, anterior view. B, detail of endite showing the serrula, dorsal view.C, left chelicera, ventral view, arrow to expanded bases of rake setae making the rastellum. D, right tarsus I, dorsal view. E, tracheal system. F, claws of right leg I, retrolateral view. G, epigyne, note copulatory opening obstructed by mating plug.H, vulva, anteriordorsal view. I, same, detail of start of copulatory duct showing small accessory bulb and gland ducts. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; COp, copulatory opening; TO, tarsal organ; Tr, trichobothria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831931/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -426,11 +429,11 @@ with one cylindrical gland spigot and 11 aciniform gland spigots (
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832777FFBD977FDC42FB8A6BD9" blockId="31.[113,763,1836,1954]" lastBlockId="31.[810,1459,144,199]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Some males have a weak stridulatory file on the external-posterior side of the chelicerae which is difficult to see.The cheliceral rastellum may have less conspicuous setae in some specimens. The body coloration is extremely variable (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD95A0DCE4FD336CBF" box="[686,763,1930,1954]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 2J,</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD95A0DCE4FD336CBF" box="[686,763,1930,1954]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,161,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-159@2.[161,1441,144,1480]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Live specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43977).C, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1942). D, E, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43976).F, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46684). G, H, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Magallanes (MACN-Ar 43978). I, female C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar MJR-1789). J, female C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Neuquén (MACN-Ar 46685). K, L, male C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Argentina, Tierra del Fuego (MACN-Ar 46682). M, male C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Chile, Biobío (MACN-Ar 43342 MJR-2264)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831883/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 2J,</figureCitation>
|
||||
M,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9440DBFEFCA06BB6" box="[846,872,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9440DBFEFCA06BB6" box="[846,872,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
), even among specimens from the same locality and collection event (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD94B3DBC1FBFA6BD9" box="[957,1074,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 24A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD94B3DBC1FBFA6BD9" box="[957,1074,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="30.[130,195,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetId="figure-180@30.[161,1441,144,1534]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 24.Colour polymorphism in Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967) in Chile, grouped by locality and collection event. A, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43969). B, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43966). C, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43968).D, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43954). E, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce (MACN-Ar 43958). F, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Puyehue (MACN-Ar 43973). G, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43953). H, Los Lagos, Parque Nacional Alerce Andino (MACN-Ar 43959).I, CLos Ríos, Parque Nacional Alerce Costero (MACN-Ar 43962)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831943/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 24A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -440,7 +443,7 @@ M,
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB7836832777FFBD9424DA63FB546A5B" blockId="31.[810,1459,231,325]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Specimens were found in webs on foliage of trees, bamboo and shrubs in humid forests (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9327DA43FB436A5A" box="[1065,1163,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD9327DA43FB436A5A" box="[1065,1163,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-342@1.[146,1426,144,1201]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Webs and living specimens of Cybaeolus. A, B, web of C. rastellus (Roth, 1967) from Argentina, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (MACN-Ar 46683). C, web of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 from Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 466). D, web of Cybaeolus sp.from Chile, Monumento Natural Contulmo (MACN-Ar, slide 1020). E, web of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) from Chile, Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (AMNH, slide 1299). F, female of C. pusillus Simon, 1884 with eggsac, Chile, Parque Nacional Chiloé (MACN-Ar, slide 451). G, female of C. delfini (Simon, 1904) (AMNH, slide 1304). H, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). I, male of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo). J, female of Cybaeolus sp. from Chile, Chiloé (photo by Matías Gargiulo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831877/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -465,7 +468,7 @@ in Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi in
|
|||
, and Parque Nacional Los Alerces in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="7903F8612777FFBD926DDA87FC4C693E" country="Argentina" name="Chubut" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chubut province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD949AD966FC20693E" box="[916,1000,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23FC2A062777FFBD949AD966FC20693E" box="[916,1000,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[161,1442,142,1345]" captionTargetId="graphics-316@40.[-994,2527,25,1416]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 28. Geographical records of species of Cybaeolus. A, Cybaeolus pusillus Simon, 1884. B, Cybaeolus rastellus (Roth, 1967), C, Cybaeolus delfini (Simon, 1904)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14831953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14831953/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
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Reference in a new issue