Add updates up until 2024-11-18 18:41:22

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12.
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Family:
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(Snake eels)
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52.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF47FDF68704" authority="McClelland" authorityName="McClelland" box="[213,601,1043,1069]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF47FDF68704" authority="McClelland" authorityName="McClelland" box="[213,601,1043,1069]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EF47FE7E8704" box="[213,465,1043,1069]" italics="true" pageId="2">Lamnostoma orientalis</emphasis>
McClelland
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<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EF64FCBB8778" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,788,1079,1106]" pageId="2">
53.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF64FCBB8778" authority="Weber and de Beaufort, 1916" authorityName="Weber and de Beaufort" authorityYear="1916" box="[213,788,1079,1105]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Neenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buitendijki">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EF64FE668778" box="[213,457,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="2">Neenchelys buitendijki</emphasis>
Weber and de Beaufort, 1916
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EF08FD32875F" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,669,1115,1142]" pageId="2">
54.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF08FD32875F" authority="(Chen and Weng, 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Weng" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[213,669,1115,1142]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Neenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cheni">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF08FD32875F" authority="(Chen and Weng, 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Weng" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[213,669,1115,1142]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Neenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cheni">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EF08FE22875C" box="[213,397,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="2">Neenchelys cheni</emphasis>
(Chen and Weng, 1967)
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<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EF2CFD5B87B3" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,756,1151,1178]" pageId="2">
55.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF2CFD5B87B3" authority="(Jordan et Richardson, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Jordan et Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[213,756,1151,1178]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithinus">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF2CFD5B87B3" authority="(Jordan et Richardson, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Jordan et Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[213,756,1151,1178]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Ophichthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithinus">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EF2CFE0387B0" box="[213,428,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2">Ophichthus lithinus</emphasis>
(Jordan et Richardson, 1908)
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<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EFF0FDCB8797" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,612,1187,1214]" pageId="2">
56.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EFF0FDCB8797" authority="(Hamilton, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[213,612,1187,1214]" genus="Psiodonophis" pageId="2" rank="species" species="boro">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EFF0FDCB8797" authority="(Hamilton, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[213,612,1187,1214]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Psiodonophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boro">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EFF0FE338794" box="[213,412,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="2">Psiodonophis boro</emphasis>
(Hamilton, 1822)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EF94FD6887CB" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,711,1223,1250]" pageId="2">
57.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF94FD6887CB" authority="(Richardson, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[213,711,1223,1250]" genus="Psiodonophis" pageId="2" rank="species" species="cancrivorus">
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EF94FD6887CB" ID-CoL="DMH" ID-ENA="54912" authority="(Richardson, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[213,711,1223,1250]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Psiodonophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cancrivorus">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EF94FE4587C8" box="[213,490,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="2">Psiodonophis cancrivorus</emphasis>
(Richardson, 1848)
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View file

@ -1,63 +1,63 @@
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37.
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<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EADFFE11828C" box="[213,446,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="2">Moringua raitaborua</emphasis>
(Hamilton, 1822)
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35.
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36.
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<subSubSection id="C301E4AEFF86FFCAFF3AEFB8FD28862F" box="[198,647,1259,1286]" pageId="2" type="nomenclature">
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Family:
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFEDDEFB8FE4F862C" ID-CoL="CZ8" ID-ENA="7944" box="[289,480,1259,1285]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Muraenesocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFEDDEFB8FE4F862C" bold="true" box="[289,480,1259,1285]" pageId="2">Muraenesocidae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pike congers)
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58.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EE43FDEE8603" ID-CoL="CZ8" ID-ENA="7944" authority="(Cuvier, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[213,577,1295,1322]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Muraenesocidae" genus="Corgresox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talabon">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EE43FE348600" box="[213,411,1295,1322]" italics="true" pageId="2">Corgresox talabon</emphasis>
(Cuvier, 1829)
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EE60FD2F8667" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,640,1331,1358]" pageId="2">
59.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EE67FD2F8667" ID-CoL="CZ8" ID-ENA="7944" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[213,640,1331,1358]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Muraenesocidae" genus="Corgresox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talabonoides">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EE67FE7D8664" box="[213,466,1331,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2">Corgresox talabonoides</emphasis>
(Bleeker, 1853)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EE04FDCA865B" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,613,1367,1394]" pageId="2">
60.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EE0BFDCA865B" ID-CoL="CZ8" ID-ENA="7944" authority="(Hamilton, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[213,613,1367,1394]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Muraenesocidae" genus="Muraenesox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bagio">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EE0BFE338658" box="[213,412,1367,1393]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenesox bagio</emphasis>
(Hamilton, 1822)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA4B725FF86FFCAFF62EE28FDDC86BF" blockId="2.[158,796,215,1934]" box="[158,627,1403,1430]" pageId="2">
61.
<taxonomicName id="4C1BCCA6FF86FFCAFF29EE2FFDDC86BF" ID-CoL="CZ8" ID-ENA="7944" authority="(Forsskal, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[213,627,1403,1430]" class="Actinopterigii" family="Muraenesocidae" genus="Muraenesox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
<emphasis id="B96F6B37FF86FFCAFF29EE2FFE1586BC" box="[213,442,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenesox cinereus</emphasis>
(Forsskal, 1775)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
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<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFF2319A872C22B48" box="[136,449,244,270]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Phyllachora cephalostachyi</emphasis>
X.L. Li
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,
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<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFF23181C73D92B13" bold="true" box="[136,218,320,341]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Type:—</emphasis>
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on
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<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFF70183872F32B3F" box="[219,496,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Cephalostachyum pergracile</emphasis>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EF92780E8A7C316FFE57183871782B3F" box="[508,635,356,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" value="2018-10-20">20 Oct. 2018</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="269DC2F08A7C316FFD2E183871CF2B3C" box="[645,716,356,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">X.L. Li</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBCE0F5D8A7C316FFD721838705D2B3F" box="[729,862,356,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">MHYAU 223</specimenCode>
,
<typeStatus id="54D319848A7C316FFCC3183870C32B3C" box="[872,960,356,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372F4AD8A7C316FFF2318F4761B2B84" box="[136,1304,424,451]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD7A7268A7C316FFF2318F4761B2B84" blockId="4.[136,1452,424,955]" box="[136,1304,424,451]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFF2318F4722D2B84" bold="true" box="[136,302,424,450]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Etymology:—</emphasis>
Named after the host genus
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFDC318F470322B84" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1868" box="[616,817,424,450]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cephalostachyum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFDC318F470322B84" box="[616,817,424,450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Cephalostachyum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from which the
<typeStatus id="54D319848A7C316FFC4118F577192B85" box="[1002,1050,425,451]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">type</typeStatus>
species was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372F4AD8A7C316FFF161890702E29FC" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD7A7268A7C316FFF16189072332908" blockId="4.[136,1452,424,955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">
On living leaves of
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFE09189070A82BA1" authority="(Bambusoideae)" baseAuthorityName="Bambusoideae" box="[418,939,460,487]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cephalostachyum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pergracile">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFE09189071E42BA0" box="[418,743,460,486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Cephalostachyum pergracile</emphasis>
(Bambusoideae)
</taxonomicName>
. Tar spots 12 ×
<quantity id="4C900AC38A7C316FFBD9189077EB2BA1" box="[1138,1256,460,487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.52 mm</quantity>
, more prominent on the upper leaf surface, circular or ellipsoid, black, shiny, solitary or gregarious, moderately raised, with a yellow halo of discoloured host tissue.
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFE581B48700D2868" box="[499,782,532,559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFE581B4871942869" bold="true" box="[499,663,532,559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Sexual morph</emphasis>
Ascomata
</emphasis>
130200 μm high, 80200 μm diam. (
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFB7B1B4D77E1286E" box="[1232,1250,529,552]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">x</emphasis>
= 160 × 130 μm, n = 10), immersed in the leaf tissue, occupying the entire leaf thickness, often developing next to adjacent ascomata and confined by host vascular tissue, suboblate to subglobose, sometimes irregular in shape.
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFB001B00762D2830" box="[1195,1326,604,630]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Paraphyses</emphasis>
numerous, hyaline, filiform, unbranched, septate, not constricted at septa, longer than asci, tapering apices, arise from the inner basal and lateral walls.
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFE371BF872CF28F8" box="[412,460,676,702]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Asci</emphasis>
122193 × 1023 μm (
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFD411BFD71FF28FE" box="[746,764,673,696]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">x</emphasis>
= 150 × 12 μm, n = 30), 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical or clavate, short pedicellate, apex obtuse.
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFDC21B9471EB28A4" box="[617,744,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Ascospores</emphasis>
1425 × 611 μm (
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFC7F1B9970E5289A" box="[980,998,709,732]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">x</emphasis>
= 22 × 9 μm, n = 30), uniseriate, often biseriate and overlapping, hyaline, dump-bell shape (with constrictions at the centre) and ellipsoidal, some ovoid, with acute ends, one-celled, some with one large fat globule in the centre, with a mucilaginous sheath.
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFB531A4C76A8296D" bold="true" box="[1272,1451,784,811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Asexual morph</emphasis>
Undetermined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD7A7268A7C316FFF161A04702E29FC" blockId="4.[136,1452,424,955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFF161A0472032934" bold="true" box="[189,256,856,882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Notes</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFEA31A0472272934" bold="true" box="[264,292,856,882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162"></emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFE8F1A0471632934" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" box="[292,608,856,882]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFE8F1A0471632934" box="[292,608,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Phyllachora cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the first
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFD421A0470CD2934" box="[745,974,856,882]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFD421A0470702934" box="[745,883,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Phyllachora</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
reported on the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFB771A0476A62934" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1868" box="[1244,1445,856,882]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cephalostachyum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFB771A0476A62934" box="[1244,1445,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Cephalostachyum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This is an interesting finding as the fungus was collected from an endemic species of bamboo,
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFB481A2073FF29FC" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cephalostachyum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pergracile">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFB481A2073FF29FC" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Cephalostachyum pergracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF17F7AE8A7C316FFF231E8B773D2250" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5314902" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5314902" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5314902/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" startId="4.[136,245,2007,2033]" targetBox="[151,1436,976,1984]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BD7A7268A7C316FFF231E8B773D2250" blockId="4.[136,1451,2007,2070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFF231E8B72122DB7" bold="true" box="[136,273,2007,2033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7C316FFEBC1E8471522DB4" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" box="[279,593,2008,2034]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="162" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7C316FFEBC1E8471522DB4" box="[279,593,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="162">Phyllachora cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MHYAU 223, holotype). a, b. Tar spots on the leaf surface. c. Cross section of ascoma. d. Developing ascus. eg. Asci. h, i. Ascospores. Scale bars: ci = 20 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C372F4AD8A7D316EFF1619C270B92BF2" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD7A7268A7D316EFF1619C270B92BF2" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFF1619C272FA2AFE" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,505,158,184]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFF1619C272FA2AFE" box="[189,505,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">Phyllachora cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the presence of dumb-bell and ellipsoidal or ovoid ascospores with acute poles. There are 33
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFE51199E71E22A9A" box="[506,737,194,220]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFE51199E71872A9A" box="[506,644,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">Phyllachora</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
reported on bamboo in the world (
<tableCitation id="C6EA929D8A7D316EFB2E199E77E22A9A" box="[1157,1249,194,220]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,484,508]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Phyllachora taxa found on bamboo hosts." pageId="5" pageNumber="163">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Compared with the morphological characteristics of those known species from bamboo,
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFC4F19BB77AE2B46" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" box="[996,1197,230,256]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFC4F19BB77AE2B46" box="[996,1197,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">P. cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFA3C19BB72CF2B62" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFA3C19BB72CB2B62" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrocalami-membranacei">P. dendrocalami-membranacei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Both species share cylindrical asci and dumb-bell, ellipsoidal, or ovoid ascospores, and overlap in ascus and ascospore size.
<typeStatus id="54D319848A7D316EFD9B1873716B2B0F" box="[560,616,303,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">Type</typeStatus>
collections of both
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFCFB187377152B0E" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" box="[848,1046,302,328]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFCFB187377152B0E" box="[848,1046,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">P. cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFBFA187376A82B0E" box="[1105,1451,302,328]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrocalami-membranacei">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFBFA187376A82B0E" box="[1105,1451,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">P. dendrocalami-membranacei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Mengla. However, the phylogenetic analysis confirmed that
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFF23182B724F2BD6" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,332,374,400]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFF23182B724F2BD6" box="[136,332,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">P. cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFE2F182B71DF2BD6" box="[388,732,374,400]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrocalami-membranacei">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFE2F182B71DF2BD6" box="[388,732,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">P. dendrocalami-membranacei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are two distinct species. Morphological comparison between
<taxonomicName id="4C68DCA58A7D316EFA3C182B72332BF2" authorityName="X. L. Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Phyllachoraceae" genus="Phyllachora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Phyllachorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="163" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cephalostachyi">
<emphasis id="B91C7B348A7D316EFA3C182B72332BF2" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="163">P. cephalostachyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species from bamboo are provided in
<tableCitation id="C6EA929D8A7D316EFCCB18C670B52BF2" box="[864,950,410,436]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,484,508]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Phyllachora taxa found on bamboo hosts." pageId="5" pageNumber="163">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,91 +1,91 @@
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<mods:identifier id="73142D3064BDADD60E0D131386108AEB" type="DOI">10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3454774403FD56FE859BEA9B8BA73DAB" ID-arpha="34547744-03FD-56FE-859B-EA9B8BA73DAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3454774403FD56FE859BEA9B8BA73DAB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3454774403FD56FE859BEA9B8BA73DAB">
<subSubSection id="E3D621704D8B5E7E1674508ACE7727DF" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="27E9550F1CDFEA314D8B7CA3121D3145">
<taxonomicName id="A6619168FAC26B01228D396DFF6FFAE2" ID-CoL="3DHFM" authority="(L.) Ach." authorityName="Ach." baseAuthorityName="L." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="F1769F4919F078C9DFF131B33B066F97" italics="true">Evernia prunastri</emphasis>
(L.) Ach.
</taxonomicName>
, Lich. Univ.: 442, tab. 10, fig. 1 (1810)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3007C6646573AF65708925631083DC73" type="description">
<paragraph id="6DB72425BC649EE1EE7AA61F56B39710">
<figureCitation id="2F7C27C1D7A541EF7D2AB21911EE317F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Evernia prunastri A thallus B upper surface of the thallus C lower surface D granular soredia E cross-section of thallus F photobiont." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1176875">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECBAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="15FB1C164685DBEE91BAA85FED8322B6">
<heading id="CAEDD241442E3C3BA53050266AAD924E" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85609A6B899B7ACA0F1CF72D9B477848">
Thallus foliose but appearing fruticose, dorsiventral, tufted, caespitose to occasionally pendent, cortex cracked at some places, palmately to dichotomously branched, up to
<quantity id="8CFA6C85D49DE2A13A9E1DB3AD63EEC9" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
across. Branches: numerous, dorsiventral, elongated,
<quantity id="3685DB10077EF42AE4CE28C241CD44C8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.3" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="0.3">0.34 mm</quantity>
wide, plane, strap-shaped, pitted, twisted, tangled, blunt or pointed. Axils: right angles to V-shaped. Color: greyish-green to greenish-white when dry, pale olive green to yellow-green when wet. Soredia: marginal to rarely laminal, white, often on ridges, granular. Upper surface: matt, dull, pitted, strongly rugose, rough, ridges discontinuous. Lower surface: white to pale yellow, channelled, less pitted and wrinkled than upper surface. Cortex: two-layered, upper layer brown, 914 µm high, lower layer hyaline, 712 µm high, paraplectenchymatous, cell 712 µm in diameter. Medulla: prosoplectenchymatous, hyphae loosely arranged, white, 24.5 µm wide. Algal layer: discontinuous, uneven, forms small groups, algal cells present below cortex, 510 µm in diameter. Apothecia: not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHBAE" type="Chemical study">
<paragraph id="BEEE552EE50EA129F6BBAB9177ABE3FC">
<heading id="DE5C64A55D1BFBAE54FFA9A1BEDE6840" reason="title">Chemical study.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F55D5816B4D749B686EBD3863B1D54FC">K + ve (yellow), C - ve, KC + ve (yellow). Usnic acid, atranorin and evernic acid detected through TLC.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMBAE" type="Phylogenetic analysis">
<paragraph id="90ECA3D1648CBFC248096AB34F913981">
<heading id="CD3E5A0E7DCE1DA1B36134661053216F" reason="title">Phylogenetic analysis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB96ACA5F54714941237A89CB36B448C">
For phylogenetic analysis, sequences of the genus
<taxonomicName id="D2145DCDC8333376973F1C52C13F422D" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="51412374A855CAB867A4C4F7CAAAB9D4" italics="true">Evernia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were retrieved from GenBank based on similarity and those used in a study by
<bibRefCitation id="97D5261A07C36B84716700096F167DB3" DOI="10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01576.x" author="Piercey-Normore MD" firstAuthor="Piercey-Normore" refId="B39" refString="Piercey-Normore MD (2006) The lichen-forming ascomycete Evernia mesomorpha associates with multiple genotypes of Trebouxia jamesii. New Phytologist 169 (2): 331-344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01576.x" year="2006">Piercey-Normore (2006)</bibRefCitation>
. A total of 22 ITS nrDNA sequences were analyzed during this study. The final aligned file was comprised of 532 nucleotides, among which 359 were conserved, 158 were variable, 150 were parsimony-informative, and 8 were singleton variants.
<taxonomicName id="CF8C1D87D971A44B39A7B8B53524F2FC" authority="Sancho, B. Schroet. &amp; Vallad." authorityName="Sancho, B. Schroet. &amp; Vallad." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Umbilicariaceae" genus="Umbilicaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Umbilicariales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="kappenii">
<emphasis id="C3E58B32BF32D463EB2F00E1A497C465" italics="true">Umbilicaria kappenii</emphasis>
Sancho, B. Schroet. &amp; Vallad.
</taxonomicName>
(
<ext-link id="273F56D4C0FE68A37DF2AF94BC4379FC" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="AY603130" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="2D801FB51FA959A9C32ED338A4803BC4" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY603130">AY 603130</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="0CCF224BBC2D44D1DA8F02EE2790BE71" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="AY603131" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="E8A1579202D0AC8FE1F283C5ADB9F72F" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY603131">AY 603131</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
) was chosen as an outgroup.
</paragraph>
<caption id="81D98486910A0CB082219D82D7545BEA" ID-DOI="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246.figure3" ID-arpha="98CB357F-322B-5533-89DB-B850B2BB1032" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1176875" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="1EB8C68AA9EE3CC992AE429E3EAC69D1">
<label id="8E0B76F0D361D1E40B35C155D62B1E41">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB5145DDB111533BD00D845986E52409">
<taxonomicName id="392DA5D539B01BC4D1FCB8B99FF836CF" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="F0D062BCBAC2EEAE8FB73B814ED6EA06" italics="true">Evernia prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="BDE1D417660E5883F252E73EEA1CFD33" bold="true">A</emphasis>
thallus
<emphasis id="AFE1399385461003345995B6FF075E66" bold="true">B</emphasis>
upper surface of the thallus
<emphasis id="F57F4785D9E1EDAF76DC1958712DF6EA" bold="true">C</emphasis>
lower surface
<emphasis id="2D7178A5DE10B40A1CABF280E73FA85A" bold="true">D</emphasis>
granular soredia
<emphasis id="B054047EAAA178CFCD39112E71B3EC03" bold="true">E</emphasis>
cross-section of thallus
<emphasis id="795419262AA7C8AB95F3A0BFD4474C81" bold="true">F</emphasis>
photobiont.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="EE24844706EFAF557DFE570300B19278">
In our analysis,
<taxonomicName id="2604E894AE04AF7C1AA56C79F1345A3E" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="15E03068E84877C586066FE4A7FE796B" italics="true">Evernia prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forms a distinct clade and the ITS sequences of
<taxonomicName id="C27364AB0E7D44138BEAF4E740ABD257" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="D60F4DA480FD59F1ADDC2E3FDA2561BD" italics="true">E. prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(KUM- 04 and KUM- 09) from
<collectingCountry id="985BF5B35083F8CE49439C86DA045DA5" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
are identical to those reported from
<collectingCountry id="6D3F4BE78C51BF487DF128E849DEC942" name="Norway">Norway</collectingCountry>
(
<ext-link id="733784B5FEB018300C7233D68D4C1180" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="MK811838" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="73B3AC30438D1A45C6AF4C6D4D648A10" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK811838">MK 811838</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
,
<ext-link id="B52001093434625EBF56B862B5558CE5" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="MK811993" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="020577DAEF4166E2B90967D64ECA0632" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK811993">MK 811993</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
,
<ext-link id="D7A387C2E5215CF6BFEB5D4F05168BD0" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="MK812247" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="39DF785B8D58816BA9F35CD35D08A16D" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK812247">MK 812247</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
, and
<ext-link id="A02E41A280268E923E24D82CF86417DB" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="MK812058" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="C9B762FF920172DE27CE84A886880473" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK812058">MK 812058</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
), confirming their identification as the same species (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7AAB45BA72883BE2379B6EB9C1A64439" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Evernia spp. by maximum likelihood (ML) method based on nrITS sequences. Bootstrap values &gt; 50 % based on 1000 replicates for ML are shown above the branches and novel sequences generated during this study are in bold." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1176876">4</figureCitation>
). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="C66EF83EAF4E788E2C67B85D8676D5D2" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="divaricata">
<emphasis id="5AFD7A5A66E3D0612F2DFE150E6F277C" italics="true">E. divaricata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was distinctly separated from
<taxonomicName id="87A3E738B2F12EB076819937804A5D2D" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mesomorpha">
<emphasis id="52B2483C9B0233EE658D97E6C8E235CE" italics="true">E. mesomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3C0FD25CAB4642D2143EA284BC1287A9" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="esorediosa">
<emphasis id="C8B1710754E48CC1065A3F4A13ADB3D5" italics="true">E. esorediosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the phylogenetic tree, yet all three species formed a clade with a high bootstrap support (92 % ML). This study represents the first molecular confirmation of
<taxonomicName id="3E3DB21B1C3AF1D622A5970B3E96543F" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="E652951D3CB2AB6ACF1ED640BED7B71A" italics="true">E. prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="93F4B896E77E6AA82B4C1690B7296FB2" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF74D934DBD0AF5A3E9FBF004324D2DD" ID-DOI="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246.figure4" ID-arpha="CF2C8708-00C7-529B-9CFE-67059D7FB70B" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1176876" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="D16AB82DEAE951B9EA18F1CC97502BD9">
<label id="BCF13418B2FEFB77934F1E273C32DD1D">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F562B9D4816935BED5EC1AA1D97C1F1C">
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of
<taxonomicName id="BF1BD5260F36234A5FE074AAA509BFB3" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DAD2BA77C0BE44E7BD765756A00CD0F7" italics="true">Evernia</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
by maximum likelihood (ML) method based on nrITS sequences. Bootstrap values&gt; 50 % based on 1000 replicates for ML are shown above the branches and novel sequences generated during this study are in bold.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGHAE" type="notes">
<paragraph id="587B9FCEDDF3CA8A5201846253DAA47E">
<heading id="9FA908BB59A9DD4B3AC03EA45ED11976" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="435B5BCD10FFD8072AE66D96F08E1C48">
<taxonomicName id="7466C028574F16A1A6E64974EF747A2B" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="BCB513AE4FB09D2035AEA786EE79C2FA" italics="true">Evernia prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, commonly known as oakmoss, is a fruticose lichen found predominantly on exposed tree trunks, characterized by flat, isotomic-dichotomous branches with frequent anisotomous bifurcations and occasional adventive branches or “ lobuli ” on the branch surface (
<bibRefCitation id="B8D4578F59682A1C2DA62FF0B0D2CD63" author="Beltman" firstAuthor="Beltman" journalOrPublisher="Bibliotheca Lichenologica" pagination="1-193" refId="B9" refString="Beltman HA (1978) Vegetative Strukturen der Parmeliaceae und ihre Entwicklung. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 11: 1193." title="Vegetative Strukturen der Parmeliaceae und ihre Entwicklung." volume="11" year="1978">Beltman 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="654DCB649155A265A4B03F8FE2014EA5" DOI="10.2307/3243544" author="Stone and McCune" firstAuthor="Stone" journalOrPublisher="Bryologist" pagination="32-36" refId="B44" refString="Stone DF, McCune B (1990) Annual branching in the lichen Evernia prunastri in Oregon. Bryologist 93: 3236. https://doi.org/10.2307/3243544" title="Annual branching in the lichen Evernia prunastri in Oregon." volume="93" year="1990">Stone and McCune 1990</bibRefCitation>
). The morpho-anatomical comparison of Pakistani collections confirms their identity as
<taxonomicName id="04C780D41BEC1C17D123EDE6511B6AF4" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="B2333B12F939989B9D63FBAAAFEB0A1A" italics="true">E. prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as the characteristics of Pakistani samples match with the already published description of
<taxonomicName id="E27112DB4E7A86D948FB18BCF15034D7" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Evernia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prunastri">
<emphasis id="E607F124124E89CA18EF13C072F759F6" italics="true">E. prunastri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Britain and
<collectingCountry id="89C619D9CD5ECBD5F701FBB1822103D4" name="Ireland">Ireland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A5F0E71F7F0AAACF299C8E5EC3EE66F2" author="Cannon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cannon" refId="B13" refString="Cannon P, Divakar P, Yahr R, Aptroot A, Clerc P, Coppins B, Fryday A, Sanderson N, Simkin J (2023) Lecanorales: Parmeliaceae, including the genera Alectoria, Allantoparmelia, Arctoparmelia, Brodoa, Bryoria, Cetraria, Cetrariella, Cetrelia, Cornicularia, Evernia, Flavocetraria, Flavoparmelia, Hypogymnia, Hypotrachyna, Imshaugia, Melanelia, Melanelixia, Melanohalea, Menegazzia, Montanelia, Nesolechia, Parmelia, Parmelina, Parmeliopsis, Parmotrema, Platismatia, Pleurosticta, Protoparmelia, Pseudephebe, Pseudevernia, Punctelia, Raesaenenia, Tuckermannopsis, Usnea, Vulpicida and Xanthoparmelia. Revisions of British and Irish Lichens 33: 1-98." year="2023">Cannon et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZIAE" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="6ED2CD5A0971E1FF3E3B21D735E18259">
<heading id="70428953A6C9B9F1BC6602E5F7121BED" reason="title">Habitat and ecology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D708BB4155F7DCFBD424FDBC987FEC0F">
The samples were found at an elevation above
<quantity id="C5CAE3FDEB84EED2A8D50E229583C992" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
, growing on bark in the cold temperate mountainous regions. The coldest month is December, while June is the hottest month of the year, with average monthly temperatures of 3 ° C and 25 ° C, respectively, and rainfall varying between 600 and
<quantity id="C133B02040D1AD0C39540BA81A64918A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="1200.0">1200 mm</quantity>
. The dominant vegetation includes Indian horse-chestnut (
<taxonomicName id="4FD0AB2B3F5D763A956D7B28261238FF" authority="(Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook." authorityName="Hook." baseAuthorityName="Cambess." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Aesculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="959FAAA21778C93A52C71D956556A415" italics="true">Aesculus indica</emphasis>
(Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook.
</taxonomicName>
), deodar (
<taxonomicName id="87A4B2798573A63A3A613D12E42D6A98" authority="(Roxb. ex D. Don) G. Don" authorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityName="D. Don" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Cedrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deodara">
<emphasis id="2B9E5E1F86057D5F5BCA9366A8F57A8A" italics="true">Cedrus deodara</emphasis>
(Roxb. ex D. Don) G. Don
</taxonomicName>
) and West-Himalayan fir (
<taxonomicName id="CD4A50892C583C1C909E3A88F5A4A22A" authority="(Royle ex D. Don) Royle" authorityName="Royle" baseAuthorityName="D. Don" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pindrow">
<emphasis id="4E75D2529AD576DCC4C2228E36B5A6B3" italics="true">Abies pindrow</emphasis>
(Royle ex D. Don) Royle
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAKAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6DC5F85C48F46A242309A8DCEB90585A">
<heading id="F9E34AFA847D22644D1DAFC226FC28FA" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9092DEA0AA1BFFD4693DD4400B9C96FB">
This species is widely distributed in Northern hemisphere including Asia, Europe and North America (
<bibRefCitation id="60AF28F6B20B5D6067D6CA4925CD1393" DOI="10.3390/molecules29010233" author="Studzinska-Sroka" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Studzinska-Sroka" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Molecules" pagination="233" refId="B45" refString="Studzińska-Sroka E, Bulicz M, Henkel M, Rosiak N, Paczkowska-Walendowska M, Szwajgier D, Cielecka-Piontek J (2023) Pleiotropic potential of Evernia prunastri extracts and their main compounds evernic acid and atranorin: In vitro and in silico studies. Molecules 29 (1): 233. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29010233" title="Pleiotropic potential of Evernia prunastri extracts and their main compounds evernic acid and atranorin: In vitro and in silico studies." volume="29" year="2023">Studzińska-Sroka et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="59030230AA2CEB94F1D1CA7667145170" DOI="10.1002/cbdv.201900465" author="Staples" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Staples" refId="B43" refString="Staples R, LaDuca RL, Roze LV, Laivenieks M, Linz JE, Beaudry R, Trail F (2020) Structure and chemical analysis of major specialized metabolites produced by the lichen Evernia prunastri. Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity 17 (1): e 1900465. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201900465" year="2020">Staples et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOKAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="1B88D4B739BA3F3D9CEF732E5869EA3F">
<heading id="FCAC6388246E091DCD478E142C0CA2FF" reason="title">Materials examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD5801C2B34F698360564FDCDECAAAFB">
<materialsCitation id="B5F07323F2CAF4F23A8C824AE3D1C7FC" collectedFrom="on bark" collectingDate="2023-09-23" collectionCode="M, A, N" collectorName="M. Usman &amp; A. N. Khalid" country="Pakistan" county="District Upper Dir" elevation="2500" latitude="35.386665" location="Kumrat Valley" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="74.583336" municipality="Upper Dir" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province">
<collectingCountry id="2DA41C5C9BD9390193BB834E2F28492B" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="9D3617A78384A59DD676EFAA7606CB59" country="Pakistan" name="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="C9175269EE23CB77C666AA44FC873741">District Upper Dir</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="ED650B58F23971B73479C7114962D411" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3454774403FD56FE859BEA9B8BA73DAB:ED650B58F23971B73479C7114962D411" country="Pakistan" county="District Upper Dir" latitude="35.386665" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="74.583336" municipality="Upper Dir" name="Kumrat Valley" stateProvince="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province">Kumrat Valley</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EXKAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[74.583333,35.386667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8DD9FAAC4ED7508DCAFEFCA0E83CC3EB" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="23.2" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.386665">35°23.2'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD0C745A04713FFA7084178FA625D706" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="35.0" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="74.583336">74°35.0'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; alt.
<elevation id="690969FCD6EF5CB69959068355D09A47" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">
<quantity id="B0F0B3993EA1DED12CF20D824EDD902A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">2,500 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="A4A71A82289ED967381BE75BA5973D9D" value="2023-09-23">
<collectingDate id="EDDDBD087097DFB6DA408846C887E8A9" value="2023-09-23">23 Sep. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="A3BDD4E190C1C6D047E581E120ADDFB6">M. Usman</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="0D0C5F8103A8B35BD769B92531A678E8">A. N. Khalid</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="9825A8241533A6D23F62B980F728BB91">on bark</collectedFrom>
; KUM- 4, ITS GenBank accession number
<ext-link id="49F9488B1B1583D57347C9005871ACDA" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ113696" xlink_type="simple">PQ 113696</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="8C926E0B4EAB3DE8DDABFD67CE52381B" collectedFrom="on bark" collectingDate="2023-09-23" collectionCode="M, A, N" collectorName="M. Usman &amp; A. N. Khalid" country="Pakistan" county="District Upper Dir" elevation="2400" latitude="35.565" location="Kumrat Valley" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="72.19" municipality="Upper Dir" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">
same collection data as for preceding,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EELAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[72.190000,35.565000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="318C42EB438BD3D57E07038DBBE1DB6A" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="33.9" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.565">35°33.9'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FEDB958580E4A6456823B59BCD63862E" degrees="72" direction="east" minutes="11.4" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="72.19">72°11.4'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; alt.
<elevation id="453B6F21BEF1AAC0925675DAD187A9B3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="2400.0">
<quantity id="08E7B2288C4CCBD07B47F0D0B25E8263" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="2400.0">2,400 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="3D511F05E04CF0CE9C96A8A6FAB5B97C" value="2023-09-23">
<collectingDate id="C9168760738695F48FE679F2BDC364B8" value="2023-09-23">23 Sep. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="2D6F35ADC06A114F6F95021BF26ED745">M. Usman</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="274307EB2D6C2445C2F228D837CE5072">A. N. Khalid</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="A1907427862CC8138C6537FD1C0A3134">on bark</collectedFrom>
; KUM- 9, ITS GenBank accession number
<ext-link id="9BD387975B35C2CD64BB43C0B3205D4D" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ113697" xlink_type="simple">PQ 113697</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
<document id="8DEA6D082880E9B55500EE7B27D3C398" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.484.2.9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5421651" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1630379829089" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Aung, Mung Htoi &amp; Jin, Xiaohua" docDate="2021" docId="6F0987C6FF80FFBD9AB22AEE393525F8" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.484.2.9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 484 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.484.2.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Phalaenopsis putaoensis X. H. Jin &amp; H. A. Mung. A. Habit. B. Lateral 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="245" masterDocId="9330FFBEFF80FFBC9A3A2C5C3C4B2328" masterDocTitle="Phalaenopsis putaoensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae, Vandeae), a new species from Kachin State, Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="246" masterPageNumber="244" pageNumber="244" updateTime="1731954810689" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8327BBC6AABB8287FE3BE7E095E0065F">Phalaenopsis putaoensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae, Vandeae), a new species from Kachin State, Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="44E8F33201D219CAD5F6A45467A4EC69" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E6C99282918C4D38D2152E4AFA0FC79A">
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<mods:namePart id="869350B08D5CC9992C47A09FA18DFD2B">Aung, Mung Htoi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CFC92C2256A7837EE598533D44947D92">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7ED5E349A8433D6FE223095F684AB174">Jin, Xiaohua</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3A8E5D8768CE4970079F9778A5DEF15C">State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 15013, Myanmar.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3FC742946CC4EF7D60AF2A62EE68DD21" type="email">xiaohuajin@ibcas.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="6F0987C6FF80FFBD9AB22AEE393525F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F0987C6FF80FFBD9AB22AEE393525F8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F0987C6FF80FFBD9AB22AEE393525F8" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="245" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF80FFBC9AB22AEE3F0525E2" box="[136,846,1714,1738]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF80FFBC9AB22AEE3F0525E2" blockId="0.[136,1451,1676,1882]" box="[136,846,1714,1738]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="20A04D53FF80FFBC9AB22AEE3EC825E2" ID-CoL="9V447" authority="X.H.Jin &amp; H.A.Mung" authorityName="X. H. Jin &amp; H. A. Mung. A. Habit. B. Lateral" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,643,1714,1738]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Phalaenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="putaoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC9AB22AEE3DDB25E2" box="[136,400,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
X.H.Jin &amp; H.A.Mung
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC98B72AEE3EAC25E2" bold="true" box="[653,743,1714,1738]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC98B72AEE3EAB25E1" bold="true" box="[653,736,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEE757B9FF80FFBC98B72AEE3EAB25E1" box="[653,736,1714,1737]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="7F9B2A55FF80FFBC98D72AEE3F0C25E2" box="[749,839,1714,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1181,1203]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,461,1152]" captionTargetId="figure-174@1.[151,1435,458,1154]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phalaenopsis putaoensis X.H.Jin &amp; H.A.Mung. A. Habit. B. Lateral view of flower, showing 3-lobed. C. Dissected flower, showing dorsal sepal, lateral sepals, petals, lip, column and long pedicel. D. Front view of flower. Photographed by X.H. Jin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5421653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5421653/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Figure 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF80FFBC9AB22A843978243A" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF80FFBC9AB22A843978243A" blockId="0.[136,1451,1676,1882]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="20A04D53FF80FFBC9AB22A843D3D25C5" authorityName="X. H. Jin &amp; H. A. Mung. A. Habit. B. Lateral" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,374,1752,1773]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Phalaenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="putaoensis">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC9AB22A843D3D25C5" box="[136,374,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="20A04D53FF80FFBC9BCE2A843F1B25C6" authority="F. Y. Liu" authorityName="F. Y. Liu" box="[500,848,1752,1774]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Phalaenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="honghenensis">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC9BCE2A843EB525C5" box="[500,766,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Phalaenopsis honghenensis</emphasis>
F.Y. Liu
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="20A04D53FF80FFBC99452A84385525C6" authority="Rolfe" authorityName="Rolfe" box="[895,1054,1752,1774]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Phalaenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wilsonii">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC99452A843FA825C5" box="[895,995,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">P. wilsonii</emphasis>
Rolfe
</taxonomicName>
, but differs from them by having parallel lateral lobes adorned with antennaelike appendages and rhombic middle lobe adorned with two wartlike calli on disk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF80FFBC9AB22B7C3EED2472" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF80FFBC9AB22B7C3EED2472" blockId="0.[136,1451,1676,1882]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC9AB22B7C3C91241D" bold="true" box="[136,218,1824,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Type:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="57C83C8DFF80FFBC9AE02B7C3EED2472" collectingDate="2016-06-07" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="Xiaohua Jin" country="Myanmar" elevation="500" municipality="Putao Township" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kachin State" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="9FB77640FF80FFBC9AE02B7C3D10241D" box="[218,347,1824,1845]" name="Myanmar" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">MYANMAR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2564F832FF80FFBC9B5F2B7C3DAE241D" box="[357,485,1824,1846]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="077BACAAFF80FFBC9BD42B7C3EC6241E" box="[494,653,1824,1846]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Putao Township</collectingMunicipality>
, lowland tropical evergreen broadleaved,
<quantity id="20589B35FF80FFBC9E152B7C3824241D" box="[1071,1135,1824,1846]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="500.0">
<elevation id="6C8DD1E3FF80FFBC9E152B7C3824241D" box="[1071,1135,1824,1846]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, epiphytic on tree trunks,
<date id="931E1010FF80FFBC9F562B7C3CA42472" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" value="2016-06-07">
<collectingDate id="835AE9F8FF80FFBC9F562B7C3CA42472" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" value="2016-06-07">7 June 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="4A555306FF80FFBC9AC32B183D262472" box="[249,365,1860,1882]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">Xiaohua Jin</collectorName>
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC9B492B183DEF2471" box="[371,420,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">et al.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF80FFBC9B952B183E4C2471" box="[431,519,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">PT2020</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="381B8872FF80FFBC98292B183E3B2472" box="[531,624,1860,1882]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="81B1AE15FF80FFBC98402B183ED72472" box="[634,668,1860,1882]" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF80FFBD9AB22BD63916229B" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="245" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" type="description">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF80FFBD9AB22BD63916229B" blockId="0.[136,1452,1930,2062]" lastBlockId="1.[136,1451,159,435]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="245" pageId="0" pageNumber="244">
Plants epiphytic on trunks,
<quantity id="20589B35FF80FFBC9B802BD63E6C2489" box="[442,551,1930,1954]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="15.0">1525 cm</quantity>
tall. Roots elongate, depressed. Stem very short, purple, straight, ridged, usually enclosed in persistent 2 sheaths at base. Leaf not seen. Inflorescence
<quantity id="20589B35FF80FFBC994C2BF23F9E24ED" box="[886,981,1966,1990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="cm" value="9.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="6.0">613 cm</quantity>
long, sparsely 714-flowered. Rachis
<quantity id="20589B35FF80FFBC9F4C2BF23CE224C1" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">812 cm</quantity>
long; floral bracts purple, attached to pedicel, persistent,
<quantity id="20589B35FF80FFBC992D2B8E3F2424C1" box="[791,879,2002,2026]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 mm</quantity>
long, ovateattenuate, concave,
<quantity id="20589B35FF80FFBC9EEB2B8E396224C1" box="[1233,1321,2002,2026]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">34 mm</quantity>
long, short, concave, ovateattenuate, apex acute. Flowers fully opening; sepals and petals primrose (strong pale yellow), pedicel and ovary ca.
<quantity id="20589B35FF81FFBD9AC92CC33D13239F" box="[243,344,159,183]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.8">1.82 cm</quantity>
long, almost glabrous. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate, obtuse, concave, ca. 6.5 × 7.0 mm, 45 longitudinal veined, purple blotch near the base, margins entire, surface glabrous; lateral sepals slightly concave, ovate, ca. 5.0 × 2.56.0 mm, 56 longitudinal veined, purple blotch or stripe at base, margins entire, acute. Petals oblong, acute, ca. 6.57.0 × 4.55.0 mm, 45 longitudinal veined; lip three lobed; lateral lobes erect, subparallel, falcate, apex attenuate with purple blot in middle, 4 ×
<quantity id="20589B35FF81FFBD9B1F2D733D2E226F" box="[293,357,303,327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, adorned with antennaelike appendages and purple blotches at base; middle lobe rhombic, 5 ×
<quantity id="20589B35FF81FFBD9F5D2D7339EC226F" box="[1383,1447,303,327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
, margin entire, disk with two wartlike white ridges ranging from base to apex, apex obtuse and somewhat recurved. Column ca.
<quantity id="20589B35FF81FFBD9A962D2B3CA222A7" box="[172,233,375,399]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long, foot ca.
<quantity id="20589B35FF81FFBD9BBB2D2B3DF622A7" box="[385,445,375,399]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, pillose along the margin of the base; rostellum ovatetriagular, large, unlobed, extending outward; anther cap subglobose, apex slightly mucronulate. Pollinia 2, stipe spatulate and attached to the viscidium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF81FFBD9AB228C1397327FF" blockId="1.[136,1452,1181,1239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9AB228C13CB5279A" bold="true" box="[136,254,1181,1203]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9B3E28C13DB8279B" box="[260,499,1181,1203]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
X.H.Jin &amp; H.A.Mung.
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD98E228C13EBB279A" bold="true" box="[728,752,1181,1202]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">A.</emphasis>
Habit.
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD990228C13F05279A" bold="true" box="[824,846,1181,1202]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">B.</emphasis>
Lateral
</taxonomicName>
view of flower, showing 3-lobed.
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9EDC28C138B6279B" bold="true" box="[1254,1277,1181,1203]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">C.</emphasis>
Dissected flower, showing dorsal sepal, lateral sepals, petals, lip, column and long pedicel.
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9972289D3F1227FE" bold="true" box="[840,857,1217,1238]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">D</emphasis>
. Front view of flower. Photographed by X.H. Jin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF81FFBD9A87295B3FDB266B" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF81FFBD9A87295B3FDB266B" blockId="1.[136,1452,1287,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9A87295B3DB22637" bold="true" box="[189,505,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9BC3295B3F482637" box="[505,771,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
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is epiphytic on trunks under the tropical forest up to
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in elevation.
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<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9ACD29773E4B266B" box="[247,512,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
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is only known from the
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locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF81FFBD9A8729133D022687" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF81FFBD9A8729133D022687" blockId="1.[136,1452,1287,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9A8729133D30264F" bold="true" box="[189,379,1359,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Relationships:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9B4129133EC1264F" box="[379,650,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a distinct species and rather isolated in
<taxonomicName id="20A04D53FF81FFBD9EB129133950264F" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1825" box="[1163,1307,1359,1383]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Phalaenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9EB129133950264F" box="[1163,1307,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phalaenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. During our fieldwork, we had not found the leaf. Therefore, it was tentatively placed in sect.
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD99C1292F381126A3" box="[1019,1114,1395,1419]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Aphyllae</emphasis>
. Morphologically, it is close to sect.
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9A8529CB3D022687" box="[191,329,1431,1455]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Parishianae.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF81FFBD9A8729E03EC026FB" box="[189,651,1467,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF81FFBD9A8729E03EC026FB" blockId="1.[136,1452,1287,1744]" box="[189,651,1467,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9A8729E03D1326FC" bold="true" box="[189,344,1468,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phenology:—</emphasis>
Flowering from June to July.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF81FFBD9A8729BC3E772533" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF81FFBD9A8729BC3E772533" blockId="1.[136,1452,1287,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9A8729BC3D1726D0" bold="true" box="[189,348,1504,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The new species is named after Putao, the northernmost town of
<collectingCountry id="9FB77640FF81FFBD9E1E29BC38C626D0" box="[1060,1165,1504,1528]" name="Myanmar" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, where
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<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9EDE29BC393226DF" box="[1252,1401,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">P. putaotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was discovered in a strongly disturbed forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFBA655BFF81FFBD9A872A7B393525F8" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="E71F36D0FF81FFBD9A872A7B393525F8" blockId="1.[136,1452,1287,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">
<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD9A872A7B3F5B2517" bold="true" box="[189,784,1575,1600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Conservation Status:—Critically Endangered (CR).</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="D5D4EAC2FF81FFBD99232A7B38682517" box="[793,1059,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Phalaenopsis putaoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was discovered in Putao Township,
<collectingRegion id="2564F832FF81FFBD9AB22A173D5A254C" box="[136,273,1611,1636]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
, Northern
<collectingCountry id="9FB77640FF81FFBD9B472A103DAC254C" box="[381,487,1612,1636]" name="Myanmar" pageId="1" pageNumber="245">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. Until now, only one population, consisting of approximately five plants, has been discovered in a small area of strongly disturbed forest. On the basis of the extent of occurrence to be less than
<quantity id="20589B35FF81FFBD9EFF2A2C395C25AF" box="[1221,1303,1647,1672]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
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and the area of occupancy less than
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, this new species is here preliminarily considered as a status of Critically Endangered (CR) according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="83314B21FF81FFBD98F82AE43F0F25F8" author="IUCN &amp; Cambridge, UK" box="[706,836,1720,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" refId="ref1835" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="83314B21FF81FFBD99742AE4393925F8" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Subcommittee" box="[846,1394,1719,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="245" refId="ref1867" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. [http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf]" type="url" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,94 +1,93 @@
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, Beih.
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@ -121,19 +120,19 @@ This species is characterized by a continuous to rimose-areolate thallus, large
<heading id="EFF3E85B608365E07ADD9D32D177168F" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
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<mods:namePart id="EFE9908A1D1302E54FE868EC2A9C46E0">Niazi, Abdul Rehman</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6752DFCF0C8C7ADE26920A994C9DC13B">Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus 54590, Lahore, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="A339B2B88D3B3A9140C03B5AAFB5F087">Niazi, Abdul Rehman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7100B0FA4AA1243D1C229806749DD396">Khalid, Abdul Nasir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2A0B4EEE1B5D9C02289C9BFADD439452">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="4E7E644A3AA625A832DF028F6282DA25" type="DOI">10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="94A14C9A65C5561D8F2C179EA4E40408" ID-arpha="94A14C9A-65C5-561D-8F2C-179EA4E40408" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94A14C9A65C5561D8F2C179EA4E40408" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/94A14C9A65C5561D8F2C179EA4E40408">
<subSubSection id="269DAEE852DE9E7177A9AC8BE80BB610" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FFC26A61E75BE620117AC2341B3238F0">
<treatmentCitation id="16219F7B7F65854FE4F6389B8E5AEF4C" author="Y. Wang" issue="4" journal="Phytotaxa" page="259" score="9.729594737742866" volume="574" year="2022">
<taxonomicName id="E9062B4C37FE591C9BAF7F37AC8DC35D" authority="(H. Magn.) M. Ai &amp; Xin Y. Wang, Phytotaxa" baseAuthorityName="H. Magn." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Caliciaceae" genus="Dimelaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caliciales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="altissima">
<taxonomicName id="69F50F1978F07EEB225B2CEED3ACABF6" authority="(H. Magn.) M. Ai &amp; Xin Y. Wang" authorityName="M. Ai &amp; Xin Y. Wang" baseAuthorityName="H. Magn." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Caliciaceae" genus="Dimelaena" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="altissima">
<emphasis id="D92BE54E630CBCA77C807CFF6C8F200B" italics="true">Dimelaena altissima</emphasis>
(H. Magn.) M. Ai &amp; Xin Y. Wang, Phytotaxa
(H. Magn.) M. Ai &amp; Xin Y. Wang
</taxonomicName>
574 (4): 259 (2022)
, Phytotaxa 574 (4): 259 (2022)
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -168,17 +168,11 @@ were also included in constructing the phylogenetic tree. The final aligned file
</taxonomicName>
(
<ext-link id="A19F7F58EC88C8EFB71E1454D419AA0E" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="MK811989" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="B240DCB0D5658316349DEF181F926864" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK811989">
<collectionCode id="A227E718D8CC8D9C8ED16E9FE05E64C7" country="Kenya" name="National Museum of Kenya">MK</collectionCode>
811989
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="B240DCB0D5658316349DEF181F926864" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK811989">MK 811989</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="0C2509E4FCD237FB99AA32E670612FF4" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="MK812087" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="E3E3B957A4D30FA48472FC96E7C0FB72" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK812087">
<collectionCode id="61C08236573B8CB409AD807DB104C0E3" country="Kenya" name="National Museum of Kenya">MK</collectionCode>
812087
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="E3E3B957A4D30FA48472FC96E7C0FB72" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK812087">MK 812087</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
) was chosen as an outgroup.
</paragraph>
@ -217,9 +211,7 @@ from
229884
</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
), receiving strong support (90 %
<collectionCode id="0DF15ED37514D9B12B6EDC582E77FDCE" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure">ML</collectionCode>
), thus confirming their identification as
), receiving strong support (90 % ML), thus confirming their identification as
<taxonomicName id="E2403E33A6E1C999B907F401C779F2DB" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Caliciaceae" genus="Dimelaena" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="altissima">
<emphasis id="CA31CAF79FC93220ED840A7DF869DD78" italics="true">D. altissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
@ -233,9 +225,7 @@ shows a sister relationship with
<taxonomicName id="73EE5576AF3BBE13BF9697B260878818" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Caliciaceae" genus="Dimelaena" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="oreina">
<emphasis id="391E7A5FDF8A7C0DD7FF6098E6BB0AC2" italics="true">D. oreina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which also forms a distinct clade with high bootstrap support (83 %
<collectionCode id="CBAE9F1365E28FA9C3DD0521BD96B1F1" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure">ML</collectionCode>
).
, which also forms a distinct clade with high bootstrap support (83 % ML).
</paragraph>
<caption id="F65E7B734751CA9008394D0EB53EFE23" ID-DOI="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246.figure2" ID-arpha="424933D1-3293-52AA-B8B2-1C3D0E6646D5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1176874" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="BAE75C634E671AD797979B98A7FE2494">
@ -323,15 +313,19 @@ for the first time.
<heading id="D1C60C61EB4D51A824E146D613703277" reason="title">Materials examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="392839F8697B6145316914188EF46EF2">
<materialsCitation id="3317956EA8FC84EA2E3DBE642B1F194E" collectedFrom="on rock" collectingDate="2020-09-11" collectorName="K. Habib &amp; A. N. Khalid" country="Pakistan" elevation="841" latitude="35.583332" location="Dassu" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="73.61667" municipality="Kohistan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province">
<collectingCountry id="2C155194194810E17EAF9E68BEF006FE" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="20C49E951D8998824E8FFA9BB2139B17" collectingDate="2020-09-11" collectorName="K. Habib &amp; A. N. Khalid &amp; GenBank" country="Pakistan" elevation="841" latitude="35.583332" location="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="73.61667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">
<collectingRegion id="D3D40DEC5EA56BB8292571A4B32472F0" country="Pakistan" name="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province</collectingRegion>
, Kohistan, Dassu;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3OAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[73.616667,35.583333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5112310C463A57591EC4489E8B243670" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="35.0" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.583332">35 ° 35.0 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5596DF698309B248DEAEB0757D5E5D68" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="37.0" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="73.61667">73 ° 37.0 ' E</geoCoordinate>
<collectingMunicipality id="216EF3A9F7F08025D65EE0C823864AA1">Kohistan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8BBF5AC99A019B123E9EE966248010E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94A14C9A65C5561D8F2C179EA4E40408:8BBF5AC99A019B123E9EE966248010E1" country="Pakistan" latitude="35.583332" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="73.61667" municipality="Kohistan" name="Dassu" stateProvince="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province">Dassu</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3OAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[73.616667,35.583333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5112310C463A57591EC4489E8B243670" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="35.0" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.583332">35°35.0'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5596DF698309B248DEAEB0757D5E5D68" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="37.0" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="73.61667">73°37.0'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; alt.
<elevation id="CFFA1D9B4D814518E5D0B29FC25D4BF1" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.41" unit="m" value="841.0">
@ -346,27 +340,47 @@ a. s. l.
<collectorName id="6FB8BF16EC538A17A68F8CF0E2B0E6F7">K. Habib</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="0E650D89D78CDE0B0E35DA28E4A20D05">A. N. Khalid</collectorName>
leg.; on rock; KH- 602 &amp; KH- 608, ITS
<collectorName id="C0CA1C82F25C4D59542C67FFB0B2DFEB">GenBank</collectorName>
accession numbers
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="7EF042FA9E563C500679AE544229A499">on rock</collectedFrom>
; KH- 602 &amp; KH- 608, ITS GenBank accession numbers
<ext-link id="8E9400E5BEFD71B953C3BDDAFBB36CC8" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ113699" xlink_type="simple">PQ 113699</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="A2DD7B3D2AA0778D0128A57B1E73909E" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ113700" xlink_type="simple">PQ 113700</ext-link>
.
<collectingCountry id="3899D43BA4D389018C754365B437DB9B" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
∙ Gilgit-Baltistan, District Diamer, Babusar Top;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOPAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[74.048333,35.146667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="43F6F5B66DF28C8BBDB645419770A570" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="08.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.146667">35 ° 08.8 ' N</geoCoordinate>
.
<materialsCitation id="F98DDC54F6B0BE80593DD6BEC467F8C9" collectedFrom="on rocks; in moist temperate forest" collectingDate="2023-08-28" collectorName="U. F. Ahmad &amp; M. Usman &amp; A. N. Khalid" country="Pakistan" county="District Diamer" elevation="4173" latitude="35.146667" location="Babusar Top" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="74.04833" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gilgit-Baltistan">
<collectingCountry id="3899D43BA4D389018C754365B437DB9B" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="CDBCCD2DC57288EE0A6DF2C9466593E7">Gilgit-Baltistan</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="729828ECC940926D2B602D4D32B6A4D9" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="02.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="74.04833">74 ° 02.9 ' E</geoCoordinate>
<collectingCounty id="EF6D81465DEE8E88CAB932E5078ED39A">District Diamer</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="FD251F4E5DC5566B60AF2364B13DF9ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:94A14C9A65C5561D8F2C179EA4E40408:FD251F4E5DC5566B60AF2364B13DF9ED" country="Pakistan" county="District Diamer" latitude="35.146667" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="74.04833" name="Babusar Top" stateProvince="Gilgit-Baltistan">Babusar Top</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOPAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[74.048333,35.146667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="43F6F5B66DF28C8BBDB645419770A570" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="08.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.146667">35°08.8'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="729828ECC940926D2B602D4D32B6A4D9" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="02.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="74.04833">74°02.9'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; alt.
<quantity id="2455AC0E98B6A028B57ADE356C479641" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.173" unit="m" value="4173.0">4,173 m</quantity>
<quantity id="2455AC0E98B6A028B57ADE356C479641" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.173" unit="m" value="4173.0">
<elevation id="0423565DE88D06E096C6AA841C1A7D4E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.173" unit="m" value="4173.0">4,173 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a. s. l.;
<date id="F948B80941BE2DD618374959A3B517FA" value="2023-08-28">28 Aug. 2023</date>
; U. F. Ahmad, M. Usman &amp; A. N. Khalid leg.; on rocks; in moist temperate forest; BST- 03, ITS GenBank accession number
<date id="F948B80941BE2DD618374959A3B517FA" value="2023-08-28">
<collectingDate id="3863F5EB1F1F778AEAC82BDEBF69994B" value="2023-08-28">28 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C696DAF87E4A80A31225A2CAD6791A32">U. F. Ahmad</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="8529CEDFB6A5AC5A268EF890EFD411C9">M. Usman</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="954918A340807D7AE49CD932E44D72A3">A. N. Khalid</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="15EA0CE87A07F14B602F246A15334212">on rocks; in moist temperate forest</collectedFrom>
; BST- 03, ITS GenBank accession number
<ext-link id="CA39588C97A98874B575E25FB44A3AA3" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ113698" xlink_type="simple">PQ 113698</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
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<mods:namePart id="5F97EE3E4833B2B375CF834F1BF58B5D">Peng, Zhengqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="93D166FE281472F9C3F3BE2E76EADBE0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2955-5475</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="294E19067E173B0D1B44CA26038829D9">Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou 571101, China. lypzhq @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2955 - 5475</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A37ED14392AF907E92E9441DA5FF674B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="553A380394A6B8DC1FAA066A09773FA7">
<mods:roleTerm id="8D35A2618DAF7F8652BCA75F157AD0B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="76AEFE0B8CA0DF328BE2E5CBF44287D4">Wang, Xingmin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="651AF3E78EE04E35BFC40FA0FA9C6B56">Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China. &amp; Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="97CD978492DD681A6D9BFC4F665A8706" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="77445C90EED30C74C48C3CCEFAD6166A">Chen, Xiaoshen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FC65201E3E31191474F67D525776FAE4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7797-5709</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DBDCF4362FCC1F5BB5F6D641C46701A2">Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China. &amp; Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E6D4E7560A802AC1EA5972C1B105B92A" type="email">pengfengscau@foxmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C8FB7604B1E1B69C847AF0B62DC0076A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A0BECF4793A292637C7A4B56B30A0AE5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E8B2B7B82065E7155E58DD2B0400E975">
<mods:date id="68E5BA5322594882248F2F4BAB2FD943">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E8AFFF417BE035E9C1E8415A27849BF6">5154</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F7F6BC73EA1756FEE9C83048BEBDAE5">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="67C48D1F570C0146C4A5392C8CE54B20">431</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="517FAF8092A3BBE351D8A8E23460D447" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5154.4.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B2268798FFA40918FF43FF68FB48FBF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651157" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196077081" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6651157" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B2268798FFA40918FF43FF68FB48FBF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2268798FFA40918FF43FF68FB48FBF0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="434" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA40919FF43FF68FD82FF5D" box="[151,596,217,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF43FF68FD82FF5D" blockId="2.[151,596,217,244]" box="[151,596,217,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<heading id="617881E2FFA40919FF43FF68FD82FF5D" bold="true" box="[151,596,217,244]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" reason="1">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF43FF68FD82FF5D" bold="true" box="[151,596,217,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FF3AFF6BFD82FF5D" authority="Kamiya, 1963" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[238,596,217,244]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF3AFF6BFE76FF5D" bold="true" box="[238,416,218,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FE73FF68FD82FF5D" author="Kamiya, H." box="[423,596,217,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="127 - 130" refId="ref16271" refString="Kamiya, H. (1963) On a new genus and species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) feeding on whiteflies. Mushi, 37, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="1963">Kamiya, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA40919FF43FEA8FAC1FE98" box="[151,1303,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF43FEA8FAC1FE98" blockId="2.[151,1303,281,305]" box="[151,1303,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1A9F11A0FFA40919FF43FEA8FAC1FE98" box="[151,1303,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<treatmentCitation id="BB2E109FFFA40919FF43FEA8FE22FE98" author="Kamiya, H." box="[151,500,281,305]" page="127" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FF43FEA8FE22FE98" authority="Kamiya, 1963: 127" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,500,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF43FEA8FEFEFE99" box="[151,296,281,304]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FEFAFEA8FE22FE98" author="Kamiya, H." box="[302,500,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="127 - 130" refId="ref16271" refString="Kamiya, H. (1963) On a new genus and species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) feeding on whiteflies. Mushi, 37, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="1963">Kamiya, 1963: 127</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="E534882CFFA40919FE2AFEA8FDE6FE98" box="[510,560,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FD59FEA8FBCAFE98" authority="Kamiya, 1963" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[653,1052,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beneficus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD59FEA8FC52FE98" box="[653,900,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus beneficus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FC5EFEA8FBCAFE98" author="Kamiya, H." box="[906,1052,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="127 - 130" refId="ref16271" refString="Kamiya, H. (1963) On a new genus and species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) feeding on whiteflies. Mushi, 37, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="1963">Kamiya, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA40919FF43FEE8FCA7FDE4" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF43FEE8FCA7FDE4" blockId="2.[151,1437,345,660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF43FEE8FEC4FEDA" bold="true" box="[151,274,345,371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FECCFEEBFE6EFEDD" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[280,440,346,372]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FECCFEEBFE6EFEDD" box="[280,440,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FD9CFEEBFC6BFEDD" authority="Vandenberg, 2004" authorityName="Vandenberg" authorityYear="2004" box="[584,957,346,372]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Sasajiscymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD9CFEEBFD3DFEDD" box="[584,747,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Sasajiscymnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FD26FEEBFC6BFEDD" author="Vandenberg, N. J." box="[754,957,346,372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="483 - 484" refId="ref17073" refString="Vandenberg, N. J. (2004) Homonymy in the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), or something fishy about Pseudoscymnus Chapin. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106 (2), 483 - 484." type="journal article" year="2004">
Vandenberg,
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</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having three tarsomere tarsi (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FAF0FEEBFAA0FEDC" box="[1316,1398,346,373]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
). It can be also easily distinguished from the other genera belonging to the tribe
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FC36FECFFB9BFE31" authorityName="Peng &amp; Xie &amp; Peng &amp; Wang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2022" box="[994,1101,382,408]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scymnini">Scymnini</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: eyes large with a correspondingly narrow frons (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FCBDFE13FC6DFE15" box="[873,955,418,444]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
); antennae composed of 11 antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FF74FE77FF3AFE48" box="[160,236,454,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
); maxillary palpi weakly securiform (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FD44FE77FD37FE49" box="[656,737,454,480]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
Fig.
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</figureCitation>
); prosternum in front of procoxae very short (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FB0AFE77FAF8FE48" box="[1246,1326,454,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
), narrowly carinate, less than half width of procoxal cavity, subtrapezoidal (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FC5FFE5BFC28FDAC" box="[907,1022,490,517]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Figs 1bc</figureCitation>
); mesoventrite strongly convex (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FABBFE5BFF12FD80" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
); abdominal postcoxal lines complete (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FD56FDBFFD32FD80" box="[642,740,526,553]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
); abdomen with five ventrites (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FB9DFDBFFB7AFD80" box="[1097,1196,526,553]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
); penis short without penis capsule (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FEE9FD83FE4AFDE5" box="[317,412,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13e</figureCitation>
), and elongate coxites of female (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FCC2FD83FCB7FDE4" box="[790,865,562,589]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1j</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA40918FF13FDE4FE1BFB9C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="434" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" type="description">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF13FDE4FF2BFD3D" blockId="2.[151,1437,345,660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF13FDE4FE8FFDC6" bold="true" box="[199,345,597,623]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Description.</emphasis>
Body oval or elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum densely pubescent, widest around middle of elytra.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6EF06606FFA40919FF43F829FC8FF851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" startId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF43F829FC8FF851" blockId="2.[151,1437,1944,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF43F829FEC3F819" bold="true" box="[151,277,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Main characters of the genus
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FD87F828FC96F819" authority="Kamiya" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[595,832,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD87F828FD32F819" box="[595,740,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus</emphasis>
Kamiya
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FC98F829FCA5F819" bold="true" box="[844,883,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">ah</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FCAFF828FAEFF819" authority="Peng et Chen" authorityName="Peng et Chen" authorityYear="2022" box="[891,1337,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingxiangicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FCAFF828FB75F819" box="[891,1187,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus</emphasis>
Peng et Chen
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FA91F829FA56F819" bold="true" box="[1349,1408,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13C857E7FFA40919FA91F829FA56F819" box="[1349,1408,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FA44F829FA4BF819" bold="true" box="[1424,1437,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">a</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF1AF80DFF0AF87D" bold="true" box="[206,220,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">b</emphasis>
prothorax, ventral view
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FE02F80DFE37F87D" bold="true" box="[470,481,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">c</emphasis>
prothorax, frontal view
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD0DF80DFD31F87D" bold="true" box="[729,743,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">d</emphasis>
hind leg
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FC93F80DFC84F87D" bold="true" box="[839,850,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">e</emphasis>
labium
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FC71F80DFC7BF87D" bold="true" box="[933,941,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">f</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FBDEF80DFBC1F87D" bold="true" box="[1034,1047,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">g</emphasis>
maxilla
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FBBBF80DFBABF87D" bold="true" box="[1135,1149,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">h</emphasis>
mandible
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FB3DF80DFAD2F87D" bold="true" box="[1257,1284,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">ij</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FADFF80CFE46F851" authority="Kamiya, 1963" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beneficus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FADFF80CFF21F851" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus beneficus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FF29F851FE46F851" author="Kamiya, H." box="[253,400,2016,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="127 - 130" refId="ref16271" refString="Kamiya, H. (1963) On a new genus and species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) feeding on whiteflies. Mushi, 37, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="1963">Kamiya, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FE4EF851FE77F851" bold="true" box="[410,417,2016,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">i</emphasis>
spermatheca
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FDF8F851FDE2F851" bold="true" box="[556,564,2016,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">j</emphasis>
coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FF26FEC2FD94" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Head transverse; frons relatively narrow (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FD73FF26FD2FFF18" box="[679,761,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
), slightly convex. Eyes large, inner ocular margin arcuate. Clypeus short, anterior margin of clypeus straight. Antennae composed of 11 antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FB73FF0AFB23FF7F" box="[1191,1269,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
); antennomere 1 stout, cylindrical, longer than wide; base of the antennomere 2 slightly narrower than antennomere 1, as long as antennomere 1, curved and distinctly rounded on inner side; antennomere 3 relatively slender, base narrowed; antennomeres 4 and 5 subequal to antennomere
<quantity id="FD779B6BFFA50918FD68FE96FD3EFEE8" box="[700,744,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
length and width; antennomere 6 slightly shorter than antennomere 5; antennomere 7 trapezoidal, apical part wider than base; antennomere 8 to 11 forming a fusiform club, the terminal antennomere small, distinctly narrower and shorter than penultimate one (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FBE4FEDEFBABFE23" box="[1072,1149,367,394]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
). Mandible bifid apically, with well-developed molar tooth (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FDCBFE22FDA2FE07" box="[543,628,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1h</figureCitation>
). Maxillary palpus with four palpomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FB8AFE22FB67FE04" box="[1118,1201,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Fig.
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</figureCitation>
), the basal one tiny, ring-like, the second one curved, outer margin distinctly longer than inner margin, the third one weakly broadened apically, outer margin twice as long as inner, the terminal palpomere stout, weakly securiform, apical margin weakly obliquely truncate. Labial palps with three palpomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FCDEFE4EFC8CFDB0" box="[778,858,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
), terminal palpomere conical, narrower than penultimate one.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FDF6FEAAFCBF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Pronotum moderately convex. Prosternum in front of procoxae very short (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FBF8FDF6FB56FDCB" box="[1068,1152,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
), narrowly carinate, less than half width of procoxal cavity, subtrapezoidal (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FD33FDDAFC8BFD2F" box="[743,861,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Figs 1bc</figureCitation>
). Scutellar shield relatively small, triangular (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FABBFDDAFF14FD00" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13a</figureCitation>
). Elytra at base slightly wider than pronotum, surface finely punctate. Humeri distinct. Lateral margins of elytra weakly arcuate, apex gently rounded. Elytral epipleuron narrow and nearly horizontal, terminated at level of hind coxae. Metaventrite strongly convex (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FDEBFD66FD76FD5B" box="[575,672,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with five ventrites. Abdominal postcoxal lines recurved, complete (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FED9FD4AFEB9FCBF" box="[269,367,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FCAEFF0EFC28" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Legs stout (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FE99FCAEFE76FC93" box="[333,416,799,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
), not extending beyond external margin of elytra; femora of hind leg broad and flattened; tibiae without apical spurs; tarsus with three tarsomeres, basal and second tarsomeres lobed. Claws with sharp basal tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FC3AFF3FFC47" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Male genitalia. relatively simple, penis short and slightly curved at the base, without processes of penis capsule (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FF01FC1EFEE0FC60" box="[213,310,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13e</figureCitation>
); tegmen with penis guide and parameres stout and short, penis guide shorter than parameres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FABBFC1EFF0AFC47" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13fg</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FC46FE1BFB9C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Female genitalia. Coxites elongate, subtriangular, without styli (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FC45FC46FC0AFBBB" box="[913,988,1015,1042]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1j</figureCitation>
). Spermatheca short and stout, bulbousshaped as shown on
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FEA9FBAAFE1FFB9C" box="[381,457,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1i</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA50918FF13FB8FFB48FBF0" box="[199,1182,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FB8FFB48FBF0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,1182,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA50918FF13FB8FFEB7FBF1" bold="true" box="[199,353,1086,1112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FEB3FB8EFE60FBF0" box="[359,438,1087,1113]" name="Brunei" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Brunei</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FE16FB8EFDDEFBF0" box="[450,520,1087,1113]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FDC7FB8EFD99FBF0" box="[531,591,1087,1113]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FD8EFB8EFD4BFBF0" box="[602,669,1087,1113]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FD7CFB8EFD37FBF0" box="[680,737,1087,1113]" name="Laos" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FD38FB8EFCE4FBF0" box="[748,818,1087,1113]" name="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FCE9FB8EFC67FBF0" box="[829,945,1087,1113]" name="Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FC69FB8EFBFBFBF0" box="[957,1069,1087,1113]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FBECFB8EFB4DFBF0" box="[1080,1179,1087,1113]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,83 +1,294 @@
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<mods:title id="04463077CE28BF75155F758ED77244E5">A taxonomic review of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya, with descriptions of three new species (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="1D618511E811F5AF09B4753682C012CF">A taxonomic review of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya, with descriptions of three new species (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae)</mods:title>
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Genus
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<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FE73FF68FD82FF5D" author="Kamiya, H." box="[423,596,217,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="127 - 130" refId="ref16271" refString="Kamiya, H. (1963) On a new genus and species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) feeding on whiteflies. Mushi, 37, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="1963">Kamiya, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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, by original designation.
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</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FD9CFEEBFC6BFEDD" authority="Vandenberg, 2004" authorityName="Vandenberg" authorityYear="2004" box="[584,957,346,372]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Sasajiscymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD9CFEEBFD3DFEDD" box="[584,747,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Sasajiscymnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FD26FEEBFC6BFEDD" author="Vandenberg, N. J." box="[754,957,346,372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="483 - 484" refId="ref17073" refString="Vandenberg, N. J. (2004) Homonymy in the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), or something fishy about Pseudoscymnus Chapin. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106 (2), 483 - 484." type="journal article" year="2004">
Vandenberg,
<quantity id="FD779B6BFFA40919FC51FEEBFC6BFEDD" box="[901,957,346,372]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.090159999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" unit="in" value="2004.0">2004</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having three tarsomere tarsi (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FAF0FEEBFAA0FEDC" box="[1316,1398,346,373]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
). It can be also easily distinguished from the other genera belonging to the tribe
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FC36FECFFB9BFE31" authorityName="Peng &amp; Xie &amp; Peng &amp; Wang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2022" box="[994,1101,382,408]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scymnini">Scymnini</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: eyes large with a correspondingly narrow frons (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FCBDFE13FC6DFE15" box="[873,955,418,444]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
); antennae composed of 11 antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FF74FE77FF3AFE48" box="[160,236,454,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
); maxillary palpi weakly securiform (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FD44FE77FD37FE49" box="[656,737,454,480]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
Fig.
<quantity id="FD779B6BFFA40919FD17FE77FD37FE49" box="[707,737,454,480]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" unit="g" value="1.0">1g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
); prosternum in front of procoxae very short (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FB0AFE77FAF8FE48" box="[1246,1326,454,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
), narrowly carinate, less than half width of procoxal cavity, subtrapezoidal (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FC5FFE5BFC28FDAC" box="[907,1022,490,517]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Figs 1bc</figureCitation>
); mesoventrite strongly convex (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FABBFE5BFF12FD80" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
); abdominal postcoxal lines complete (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FD56FDBFFD32FD80" box="[642,740,526,553]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
); abdomen with five ventrites (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FB9DFDBFFB7AFD80" box="[1097,1196,526,553]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
); penis short without penis capsule (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FEE9FD83FE4AFDE5" box="[317,412,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 13e</figureCitation>
), and elongate coxites of female (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA40919FCC2FD83FCB7FDE4" box="[790,865,562,589]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Fig. 1j</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA40918FF13FDE4FE1BFB9C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="434" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" type="description">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF13FDE4FF2BFD3D" blockId="2.[151,1437,345,660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF13FDE4FE8FFDC6" bold="true" box="[199,345,597,623]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Description.</emphasis>
Body oval or elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum densely pubescent, widest around middle of elytra.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6EF06606FFA40919FF43F829FC8FF851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" startId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA40919FF43F829FC8FF851" blockId="2.[151,1437,1944,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF43F829FEC3F819" bold="true" box="[151,277,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Main characters of the genus
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FD87F828FC96F819" authority="Kamiya" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[595,832,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD87F828FD32F819" box="[595,740,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus</emphasis>
Kamiya
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FC98F829FCA5F819" bold="true" box="[844,883,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">ah</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FCAFF828FAEFF819" authority="Peng et Chen" authorityName="Peng et Chen" authorityYear="2022" box="[891,1337,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingxiangicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FCAFF828FB75F819" box="[891,1187,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus</emphasis>
Peng et Chen
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FA91F829FA56F819" bold="true" box="[1349,1408,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13C857E7FFA40919FA91F829FA56F819" box="[1349,1408,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FA44F829FA4BF819" bold="true" box="[1424,1437,1944,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">a</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FF1AF80DFF0AF87D" bold="true" box="[206,220,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">b</emphasis>
prothorax, ventral view
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FE02F80DFE37F87D" bold="true" box="[470,481,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">c</emphasis>
prothorax, frontal view
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FD0DF80DFD31F87D" bold="true" box="[729,743,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">d</emphasis>
hind leg
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FC93F80DFC84F87D" bold="true" box="[839,850,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">e</emphasis>
labium
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FC71F80DFC7BF87D" bold="true" box="[933,941,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">f</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FBDEF80DFBC1F87D" bold="true" box="[1034,1047,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">g</emphasis>
maxilla
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FBBBF80DFBABF87D" bold="true" box="[1135,1149,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">h</emphasis>
mandible
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FB3DF80DFAD2F87D" bold="true" box="[1257,1284,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">ij</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA40919FADFF80CFE46F851" authority="Kamiya, 1963" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beneficus">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FADFF80CFF21F851" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">Axinoscymnus beneficus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E1E4B7FFFA40919FF29F851FE46F851" author="Kamiya, H." box="[253,400,2016,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433" pagination="127 - 130" refId="ref16271" refString="Kamiya, H. (1963) On a new genus and species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) feeding on whiteflies. Mushi, 37, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="1963">Kamiya, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FE4EF851FE77F851" bold="true" box="[410,417,2016,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">i</emphasis>
spermatheca
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA40919FDF8F851FDE2F851" bold="true" box="[556,564,2016,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="433">j</emphasis>
coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FF26FEC2FD94" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Head transverse; frons relatively narrow (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FD73FF26FD2FFF18" box="[679,761,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
), slightly convex. Eyes large, inner ocular margin arcuate. Clypeus short, anterior margin of clypeus straight. Antennae composed of 11 antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FB73FF0AFB23FF7F" box="[1191,1269,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
); antennomere 1 stout, cylindrical, longer than wide; base of the antennomere 2 slightly narrower than antennomere 1, as long as antennomere 1, curved and distinctly rounded on inner side; antennomere 3 relatively slender, base narrowed; antennomeres 4 and 5 subequal to antennomere
<quantity id="FD779B6BFFA50918FD68FE96FD3EFEE8" box="[700,744,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
length and width; antennomere 6 slightly shorter than antennomere 5; antennomere 7 trapezoidal, apical part wider than base; antennomere 8 to 11 forming a fusiform club, the terminal antennomere small, distinctly narrower and shorter than penultimate one (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FBE4FEDEFBABFE23" box="[1072,1149,367,394]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
). Mandible bifid apically, with well-developed molar tooth (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FDCBFE22FDA2FE07" box="[543,628,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1h</figureCitation>
). Maxillary palpus with four palpomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FB8AFE22FB67FE04" box="[1118,1201,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Fig.
<quantity id="FD779B6BFFA50918FB40FE22FB67FE04" box="[1172,1201,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" unit="g" value="1.0">1g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
), the basal one tiny, ring-like, the second one curved, outer margin distinctly longer than inner margin, the third one weakly broadened apically, outer margin twice as long as inner, the terminal palpomere stout, weakly securiform, apical margin weakly obliquely truncate. Labial palps with three palpomeres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FCDEFE4EFC8CFDB0" box="[778,858,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
), terminal palpomere conical, narrower than penultimate one.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FDF6FEAAFCBF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Pronotum moderately convex. Prosternum in front of procoxae very short (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FBF8FDF6FB56FDCB" box="[1068,1152,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
), narrowly carinate, less than half width of procoxal cavity, subtrapezoidal (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FD33FDDAFC8BFD2F" box="[743,861,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Figs 1bc</figureCitation>
). Scutellar shield relatively small, triangular (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FABBFDDAFF14FD00" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13a</figureCitation>
). Elytra at base slightly wider than pronotum, surface finely punctate. Humeri distinct. Lateral margins of elytra weakly arcuate, apex gently rounded. Elytral epipleuron narrow and nearly horizontal, terminated at level of hind coxae. Metaventrite strongly convex (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FDEBFD66FD76FD5B" box="[575,672,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with five ventrites. Abdominal postcoxal lines recurved, complete (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FED9FD4AFEB9FCBF" box="[269,367,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FCAEFF0EFC28" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Legs stout (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FE99FCAEFE76FC93" box="[333,416,799,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
), not extending beyond external margin of elytra; femora of hind leg broad and flattened; tibiae without apical spurs; tarsus with three tarsomeres, basal and second tarsomeres lobed. Claws with sharp basal tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FC3AFF3FFC47" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Male genitalia. relatively simple, penis short and slightly curved at the base, without processes of penis capsule (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FF01FC1EFEE0FC60" box="[213,310,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13e</figureCitation>
); tegmen with penis guide and parameres stout and short, penis guide shorter than parameres (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FABBFC1EFF0AFC47" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionTargetBox="[169,1413,1069,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-345@20.[156,1431,1054,1953]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a dorsal view b lateral view c frontal view d abdomen e penis f tegmen, lateral view g tegmen, inner view. Scale bars: ac: 0.5 mm, d: 0.1 mm, eg: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651198/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 13fg</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FC46FE1BFB9C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Female genitalia. Coxites elongate, subtriangular, without styli (
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FC45FC46FC0AFBBB" box="[913,988,1015,1042]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1j</figureCitation>
). Spermatheca short and stout, bulbousshaped as shown on
<figureCitation id="A2B42A0BFFA50918FEA9FBAAFE1FFB9C" box="[381,457,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1418,684,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-170@2.[151,1436,684,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Main characters of the genus Axinoscymnus Kamiya: ah Axinoscymnus pingxiangicus Peng et Chen, sp. n.: a head b prothorax, ventral view c prothorax, frontal view d hind leg e labium f antenna g maxilla h mandible ij Axinoscymnus beneficus Kamiya, 1963: i spermatheca j coxites. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6651159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6651159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1i</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA50918FF13FB8FFB48FBF0" box="[199,1182,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF13FB8FFB48FBF0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,1182,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA50918FF13FB8FFEB7FBF1" bold="true" box="[199,353,1086,1112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FEB3FB8EFE60FBF0" box="[359,438,1087,1113]" name="Brunei" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Brunei</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FE16FB8EFDDEFBF0" box="[450,520,1087,1113]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FDC7FB8EFD99FBF0" box="[531,591,1087,1113]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FD8EFB8EFD4BFBF0" box="[602,669,1087,1113]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FD7CFB8EFD37FBF0" box="[680,737,1087,1113]" name="Laos" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FD38FB8EFCE4FBF0" box="[748,818,1087,1113]" name="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FCE9FB8EFC67FBF0" box="[829,945,1087,1113]" name="Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FC69FB8EFBFBFBF0" box="[957,1069,1087,1113]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4298761EFFA50918FBECFB8EFB4DFBF0" box="[1080,1179,1087,1113]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA5091FFF43FB1AFA4AFD83" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="435" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="key">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF43FB1AFCE0FB6D" blockId="3.[151,822,1194,1221]" box="[151,822,1194,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<heading id="617881E2FFA50918FF43FB1AFCE0FB6D" bold="true" box="[151,822,1194,1221]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" reason="1">
<emphasis id="08FBEA9CFFA50918FF43FB1AFCE0FB6D" bold="true" box="[151,822,1194,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Key to the species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="FD8F4D0DFFA50918FDCEFB1AFCE0FB6D" authority="Kamiya" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1963" box="[538,822,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Axinoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
@ -85,10 +296,7 @@ Key to the species of the genus
Kamiya
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72956505FFA5091FFF43FB41FA4AFD83" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="435" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="key">
<keyStep id="817B2E2BFFA50918FF43FB41FA4AFA8B" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<paragraph id="3A30368EFFA50918FF43FB41FA4AFAAC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1264,1286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<keyLead id="817E95BBFFA50918FF43FB41FA4AFAAC" box="[151,1436,1264,1286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">

View file

@ -1,91 +1,91 @@
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5773ECE527E334162A9628737BBA6398">Niazi, Abdul Rehman</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D679A349BFB4D61492ADFAE867010944">Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus 54590, Lahore, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="894995FE24A344A1C86A12334490B862">Niazi, Abdul Rehman</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="27BD2A0508B0F248BC8E41E7FB6C4E0D">Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus 54590, Lahore, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C4B14E888136D442F7D83B1F114FA51D">Khalid, Abdul Nasir</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0883F9FD34839F7B333EEF2F482D366A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5635-8031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E5A9CDE7E8654A962418BA87135451A3">Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus 54590, Lahore, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="A8E9C14E6301012ED27D9BB1ADBA3E8C">Khalid, Abdul Nasir</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5B3C0E1EF0C1C13E4E4B60E39839A081" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5635-8031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="73656DCD25693018773FC40234984858">Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus 54590, Lahore, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="90213059AA395F56F09325AF9908312E">Italian Botanist</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1F9808A1826CEB84D767A1E7732AD8A1">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:date id="EC65EB85D0E18FCEA92FFB520F3CDD5D">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="E421313B26FB5BE2B14C6E2B258322F4" ID-arpha="E421313B-26FB-5BE2-B14C-6E2B258322F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E421313B26FB5BE2B14C6E2B258322F4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E421313B26FB5BE2B14C6E2B258322F4">
<subSubSection id="067FD2819044947437EACFC0F5D7337C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F55A7CFAE486ACEBF72695E37AF54480">
<treatmentCitation id="5B386AA67FC5B02A1E1BB8E00D9B5779" author="Vain." journal="Meddn Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn." page="173" score="69.61431267672758" volume="48" year="1925">
<taxonomicName id="3608AF5989526DD636320BEBD51318D5" authority="Vain., Meddn Soc. Fauna" authorityName="Vain., Meddn Soc. Fauna" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Usnea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lapponica">
<taxonomicName id="1E2BB8909F29A79EF97D5192F3385839" ID-CoL="7F32L" authority="Vain." authorityName="Vain." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Usnea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lapponica">
<emphasis id="F12C8EAE5FF1186AE5DA292152D05379" italics="true">Usnea lapponica</emphasis>
Vain., Meddn Soc. Fauna
Vain.
</taxonomicName>
Flora Fenn. 48: 173 (1925)
, Meddn Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 48: 173 (1925)
</treatmentCitation>
[1924]
</paragraph>
@ -127,10 +127,7 @@ cross-section of the branch showing central strand.
<paragraph id="A29FB61CCA33927733D01FA6AC2400E7">
<heading id="14ED6D23950A23B0B0AB663BDEAEF80A" reason="title">Chemical study.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F7AE46FEF178DB7365A58341CF8EE52">
<collectionCode id="4AD81EFFDADEE60B050153A9C0E6F853" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
+ ve (yellow), C-ve, KC + ve (yellow). Usnic acid and salazinic acid were detected through TLC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F7AE46FEF178DB7365A58341CF8EE52">K + ve (yellow), C-ve, KC + ve (yellow). Usnic acid and salazinic acid were detected through TLC.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EESAG" type="Phylogenetic analysis">
<paragraph id="C39CBABCF2670289393E2F009F2854DF">
@ -141,26 +138,18 @@ For phylogenetic analysis, sequences of the genus
<taxonomicName id="869E750A0E703F480A9831FA8A05354D" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Usnea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2165FF62A02F7E031000B60A8EF35B3D" italics="true">Usnea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were retrieved from GenBank based on their similarity to our sequences.
<collectionCode id="A84C21A4D94149527B289C5CD15212B9" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
total of 31 ITS nrDNA sequences were analyzed during this study. The final aligned file was comprised of 503 nucleotides, among which 397 were conserved, 104 were variable, 88 were parsimony-informative, and 16 were singleton variants.
were retrieved from GenBank based on their similarity to our sequences. A total of 31 ITS nrDNA sequences were analyzed during this study. The final aligned file was comprised of 503 nucleotides, among which 397 were conserved, 104 were variable, 88 were parsimony-informative, and 16 were singleton variants.
<taxonomicName id="A5C3917FAA6E2825EBBE1F45E12186E7" authority="(Mont.) Krog" authorityName="Krog" baseAuthorityName="Mont." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Protousnea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="magellanica">
<emphasis id="5F72CFEB07238F20A5A91AEF816D931D" italics="true">Protousnea magellanica</emphasis>
(Mont.) Krog
</taxonomicName>
(
<ext-link id="C5C51E74B4A12AADC8AC74E318DCA995" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="DQ985192" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="F2D20B64528F05548ABE84649478A221" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/DQ985192">
<collectionCode id="1DBFBF5E91E3DF7A3CF2E82E45FC9E7F">DQ</collectionCode>
985192
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="F2D20B64528F05548ABE84649478A221" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/DQ985192">DQ 985192</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="C81E261381B23C94DB56119E05CC3AB4" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="KR995309" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="4BA91F21517F65758ACB28E282188381" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KR995309">
<collectionCode id="07DCFEC80A44453B9110A7B02DC7E7B9" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15288" name="Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe" type="Herbarium">KR</collectionCode>
995309
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="4BA91F21517F65758ACB28E282188381" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KR995309">KR 995309</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
) was chosen as an outgroup. In the ITS phylogram, the sequence of the Pakistani
<taxonomicName id="7FB567F40AFDAFEBEBA8A7C35B686228" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Usnea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lapponica">
@ -170,37 +159,25 @@ specimen forms a clade along with sequences of the same taxon reported from
<collectingCountry id="9BE3C4829389F80CC6644C3E3990AFAD" name="Austria">Austria</collectingCountry>
(
<ext-link id="AD2FB989837A963737ECC0059DA4C529" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="KJ406267" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="B36E0B7B8144E2322F4E1139086449BB" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ406267">
<collectionCode id="15314E251B6E9CE0390170A63BAB8A79">KJ</collectionCode>
406267
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="B36E0B7B8144E2322F4E1139086449BB" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ406267">KJ 406267</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
),
<collectingCountry id="62FC84C1D6C1F2D844693FE22D5A5568" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<ext-link id="EE84AD77E07275FD2E21D80BBF6A01C8" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="KJ406266" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="1940EC3956A8FE7E9D154DA616793428" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ406266">
<collectionCode id="E1A188476CE7C353868D4E7D5332A5B2">KJ</collectionCode>
406266
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="1940EC3956A8FE7E9D154DA616793428" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ406266">KJ 406266</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
),
<collectingCountry id="1FBCB1269651BAC91738DC5E97F90E96" name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
(
<ext-link id="9D71521F1848C04197BC0410315240F3" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="KJ406265" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="5FD4A61ADB749586E971DCD02335989C" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ406265">
<collectionCode id="19B97252467FF1140AEC80B013A6B329">KJ</collectionCode>
406265
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="5FD4A61ADB749586E971DCD02335989C" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ406265">KJ 406265</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
), and
<collectingCountry id="C05E0894DDFD21006251517C06D7C742" name="Switzerland">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
(
<ext-link id="4FD5A662656747C2F2ACB9D323F7A2B0" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="KX132930" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="1CCE91AEDC015DB761A725B890B7667C" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KX132930">
<collectionCode id="A5918BE9E7EF579B6E61B893346DC8BC">KX</collectionCode>
132930
</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="1CCE91AEDC015DB761A725B890B7667C" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KX132930">KX 132930</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E806BE5C4E189235188C7E2971FFA700" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Usnea spp. by maximum likelihood (ML) method based on nrITS sequences. Bootstrap values &gt; 50 % based on 1000 replicates for ML are shown above the branches and novel sequence generated during this study is in bold." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.133246.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1176882">10</figureCitation>
@ -269,11 +246,7 @@ Thalli of selected lichen species showing distinct morphological characteristics
<paragraph id="753D3F1E99C7392190AFE8D97E80B01F">
Corticolous, found at an elevation above
<quantity id="C5D107DCE4A4756DAA6C9DD5B04802CB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.228" unit="m" value="3228.0">3,228 m</quantity>
, growing in a cold and dry temperate mountainous region, with a mean maximum and minimum temperature of 22 °
<collectionCode id="5C404C704D1403F62C37F73AF1882735" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
and - 18 °
<collectionCode id="8D932C7962F56C710848B0535E344154" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
, respectively, and an annual rainfall varying between 254 and
, growing in a cold and dry temperate mountainous region, with a mean maximum and minimum temperature of 22 ° C and - 18 ° C, respectively, and an annual rainfall varying between 254 and
<quantity id="DF39C9E2DF0776F0A0B642F399AE5E1A" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 mm</quantity>
. The dominant vegetation includes
<taxonomicName id="1295C186873C3A2C56CB1994DDDE4264" authority="(Wall.) Boiss" authorityName="Boiss" baseAuthorityName="Wall." class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="smithiana">
@ -317,21 +290,21 @@ This species is widespread in Europe,
<heading id="7929CC86B0D8F307CBABA9C2043BC424" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="115205C1845BB5C3F3105D6E47BAAEAE">
<materialsCitation id="C505F890FFEC697D6AF6559725567CC5" collectingDate="2023-08-30" collectionCode="U, F, M, A, N" collectorName="Ahmad &amp; Usman &amp; Khalid &amp; GenBank" country="Pakistan" county="Blue Lake" elevation="3228" latitude="36.236668" location="Gilgit-Baltistan" longLatPrecision="118" longitude="74.10167" municipality="Naltar Valley" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="C505F890FFEC697D6AF6559725567CC5" collectedFrom="growing on bark" collectingDate="2023-08-30" collectionCode="U, F, M, A, N" collectorName="U. F. Ahmad &amp; M. Usman &amp; A. N. Khalid" country="Pakistan" county="District Gilgit" elevation="3228" latitude="36.236668" location="Blue Lake" longLatPrecision="118" longitude="74.10167" municipality="Naltar Valley" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gilgit-Baltistan">
<collectingCountry id="7E4A8F6885F8E7BA1D546B4EC3B45879" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
<location id="57686154739535F29201B1F5870FDE6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E421313B26FB5BE2B14C6E2B258322F4:57686154739535F29201B1F5870FDE6A" country="Pakistan" county="Blue Lake" latitude="36.236668" longLatPrecision="118" longitude="74.10167" municipality="Naltar Valley" name="Gilgit-Baltistan">Gilgit-Baltistan</location>
<collectingRegion id="039AE5D27D41C1DB04D9DE731ECE4540">Gilgit-Baltistan</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="93265E922A7992AE2DEA50ED59FB93A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E421313B26FB5BE2B14C6E2B258322F4:93265E922A7992AE2DEA50ED59FB93A7" country="Pakistan" county="Blue Lake" latitude="36.236668" longLatPrecision="118" longitude="74.10167" municipality="Naltar Valley" name="District Gilgit">District Gilgit</location>
<collectingCounty id="76E4BE31C2E171B3449BCA9A41D02EA8">District Gilgit</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5873D520449BA5B76F2AA22C1F2D84F6">Naltar Valley</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="F96BAA73B32CA45F3607568C3067F292">Blue Lake</collectingCounty>
<location id="1C1F80529D84EE4B74A732C40FAA4318" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E421313B26FB5BE2B14C6E2B258322F4:1C1F80529D84EE4B74A732C40FAA4318" country="Pakistan" county="District Gilgit" latitude="36.236668" longLatPrecision="118" longitude="74.10167" municipality="Naltar Valley" name="Blue Lake" stateProvince="Gilgit-Baltistan">Blue Lake</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EXZAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[74.101667,36.236667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="965D8CCB310C4A6D9192E3639247DD3C" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="14.2" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="36.236668">36 ° 14.2 ' N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="965D8CCB310C4A6D9192E3639247DD3C" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="14.2" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="36.236668">36°14.2'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="58DCAC04E96F797CE2DAAD0A261E79FC" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="06.1" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="74.10167">74 ° 06.1 ' E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="58DCAC04E96F797CE2DAAD0A261E79FC" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="06.1" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="74.10167">74°06.1'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; alt.
<elevation id="180425B0F1DE40C72F5F9F36BE3EB988" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.228" unit="m" value="3228.0">
@ -343,24 +316,14 @@ a. s. l.
<collectingDate id="70418403E49B56FAE0D7268901CDFD8E" value="2023-08-30">30 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="3EA746C7A19E48382028A93841C49828" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="32E461A7F72C8747A1D2B68B8933824A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="D77CC4025CB18AF7AB0E24C7D915FB5D">Ahmad</collectorName>
<collectorName id="6531132EF6BCFBC583F800D5D232328D">U. F. Ahmad</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="7FAE9C44433335EC7AB9438B8C5FB0E7" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="A533F727A60096A996AFF05ED06A2812">Usman</collectorName>
<collectorName id="0C64FA3522DC6BF080385BB36E3447F8">M. Usman</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="593C454F53CC4EA1EC8F11358EE50E88" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="BD2AA17730AB77F147CCC72B14D97AE3" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="EFAFF268AF53A8107C9A095ACBC00F28">Khalid</collectorName>
leg.; growing on bark; NL- 1, ITS
<collectorName id="09561F0BE67B791113FFC4572CA2711E">GenBank</collectorName>
accession number
<collectorName id="A0686749C7F9C03E1B6F31F6D392CD9D">A. N. Khalid</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="104EC9C6221A72534A3419DF1D6F68B2">growing on bark</collectedFrom>
; NL- 1, ITS GenBank accession number
<ext-link id="E7B4317F6AD6C031D0BB2DA3E6B106E5" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ113701" xlink_type="simple">PQ 113701</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
.