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<mods:title id="0458AF58AE4F17687E43DA9E27442231">From the dark side of paradise: a new natural replication of cave planthopper evolution from Hawaiian lava tubes (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="534650CF450EE8123A4062A2AA92EF8B">Hoch, Hannelore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4BB48D2650119B4D5CC164200043614D">Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversitv Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germanv</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B481192EB1651B8446F9251A933AA715">Porter, Megan L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D7BAEE2892023C577B7CD9E2E37F8C2B">School of Life Sciences, Universitv of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B6ABCDFF1CE9F500E0FA87AE03A7C8BE">Slav, Christv M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="70AE7DB5CC18A8F8F572887C04ED7163">Ŋe Sustainabilitv Consortium, Julie Ann Wriglev Global Futures Laboratorv, Arizona State Universitv, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D74CEBEF4DB42835F1C209D14F53C9E2">Slav, Michael E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C77199291E54161D6022B203C69B484">Arkansas Field Office, Ŋe Nature Conservancv, Liưle Rock, AR 72201, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D2B96DD4C687844DD1EECC8DA39F4FB">Steck, Mireille</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F0CD935A1B9E46531622B9C149FA9B5A">School of Life Sciences, Universitv of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A677474EB62C0879312CBE1A0B106CAE">Chong, Rebecca A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D045C1C1DFA2306B06072B376C6BC8D8">School of Life Sciences, Universitv of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="7390CA3327F1A12B0F3FDA043125DA09">
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<mods:date id="3F535006A37F03C282F92129E06ECAA8">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D8DB7701DB583B09BDD3D672FB8049B0">2024-01-18</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011C74FE5DFE33FDDA" ID-CoL="54QG" ID-ENA="2831207" authority="Kirkaldy" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1902" box="[312,481,494,521]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011C74FE5DFE52FDDB" bold="true" box="[312,384,494,521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania</emphasis>
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Kirkaldy
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19 0 2: 118
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<subSubSection id="C35008E13150BF011DCDFD93FDBAFDE5" box="[129,616,543,567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DCDFD93FDBAFDE5" blockId="4.[129,616,543,567]" box="[129,616,543,567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011DCDFD93FF2EFDE5" box="[129,252,544,567]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011C4DFDACFDB1FDE5" authority="Kirkaldv 1902: 119" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityPageNumber="119" authorityYear="1902" box="[257,611,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011C4DFDACFE45FDE5" box="[257,407,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B3150BF011CD0FDACFDB1FDE5" author="Kirkaldv GW" box="[412,611,543,567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="93 - 174" refId="ref9471" refString="Kirkaldv GW. Hemiptera. In: Sharp D (ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis, Vol. III, 2. Cambridge: Cambridge Universitv Press, 1902; 93 - 174, pls 4, 5." type="journal article" year="1902">Kirkaldv 1902: 119</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
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<subSubSection id="C35008E13150BF011C22FDE4FA6DFB7B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011C22FDE4FDCEFDA3" blockId="4.[129,778,599,1194]" box="[366,540,599,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011C22FDE4FDCEFDA3" bold="true" box="[366,540,599,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Genus diagnosis</emphasis>
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DCDFDCEFD1EFBDF" blockId="4.[129,778,599,1194]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||||
Hoch (2006) provided a detailed diagnosis of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011DCDFD2EFF14FD67" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1902" box="[129,198,669,693]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011DCDFD2EFF14FD67" box="[129,198,669,693]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which then contained exclusivelv epigean species. The cavernicolous species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011C24FD0EFDD0FD06" box="[360,514,700,724]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011C24FD0EFDD0FD06" box="[360,514,700,724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883150BF011F0AFD0FFD5CFD06" box="[582,654,700,724]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island (described below) features characters pertaining to its external morphologv that have evolved in the course of adaptation bv the species to its subterranean habitat (troglomorphies). These include the reduction of compound eves, tegmina and hindwings, and bodilv pigmentation. As has been shown in other cavernicolous planthopper taxa (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B3150BF011CA8FCCBFD2BFC42" author="Hoch H & Howarth FG" box="[484,761,888,912]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="377 - 402" refId="ref8822" refString="Hoch H, Howarth FG. Six new cavernicolous cixiid planthoppers in the genus Solonaima from Australia (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Systematic Entomology 1989; 14: 377 - 402. hups: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1989. tb 00291. x" type="journal article" year="1989">Hoch and Howarth 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), these reductions of single traits can influence the configuration of other traits, such as head width, sculpturing (e.g. carination), and general bodv shape. It therefore seems appropriate to provide a separate diagnosis for cavernicolous
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011F7FFC46FD1EFBDF" box="[563,716,1013,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011F7FFC46FDAAFBDF" box="[563,632,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD0FBA7FA8EFF15" blockId="4.[129,778,599,1194]" lastBlockId="4.[825,1474,144,199]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
All species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011CC0FBA7FE03FBFE" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1902" box="[396,465,1044,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011CC0FBA7FE03FBFE" box="[396,465,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are easilv distinguishable from the other Hawaiian cixiid genus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011CA4FB87FDE0FB9E" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[488,562,1076,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Oliarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011CA4FB87FDE0FB9E" box="[488,562,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Oliarus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, bv their tricarinate pronotum (vs. pentecarinate in
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011C91FBE0FDF5FBB9" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[477,551,1107,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Oliarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011C91FBE0FDF5FBB9" box="[477,551,1107,1131]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Oliarus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and from all other known Cixiini bv the morphological configuration of the male copulatorv organ, the aedeagus (shaft bilaterallv svmmetrical, smooth; flagellum rigid, short, not movable against shaft; phallotreme near base of flagellum, exposed dorsallv).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011E2BFF5BFB60FEF2" blockId="4.[871,1428,231,288]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011E2BFF5BFB60FEF2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Diagnosis of epigean species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF0119CDFF54FB19FED3" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1902" box="[1153,1227,231,257]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Iolania</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see also Hoch 2006: 303–304)
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</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011E75FE9EFAD6FD29" blockId="4.[825,1475,301,763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Total length (tip of head to distal margin of tegmina): males,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF0118D9FE9EFC54FEB1" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="5.55" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="4.8">4.8– 6.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; females,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF011EA7FEFFFBB6FEB1" box="[1003,1124,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="6.65" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="6.2">6.2–7.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Moderatelv large cixiids of robust appearance (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3150BF011EF2FED8FBF6FE51" box="[958,1060,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,145,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-6@3.[120,1452,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3. Images of epigean (Iolania perkinsi) and cavernicolous (Iolania Ƒankanstonei) Iolania species, illustrating external morphological features.A, B, Iolania perkinsi Kirkaldv habitus (A) and head and thorax (B), dorsal aspect. C, D, Iolania ssankanstonei habitus (C) and head and thorax (D), dorsal aspect. Specimen from OHS entrance (images bv B. Schurian)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423203/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); tegmina ~2.6× longer than maximallv wide, more or less shallowlv tectiform, surpassing tip of abdomen with approximatelv one-third of total length. Costal veins of tegmina nearlv parallel in dorsal aspect. Tegmina and hindwings translucent to hvaline. Tegmina with colour pattern variable within populations, ranging from hvaline with little recognizable patterning to those with distinct dark brown spots or stripes, especiallv at the tegmen base and in the distal third. Granules on veins usuallv brownish. Bodv coloration inconspicuous; intraspecific variation ranging from vellowish brown to darker brown. Coloration of bodv and tegmina usuallv slightlv darker in females. Vertex short, with lateral margins diverging slightlv posteriorlv. Hind tibiae laterallv with three minute spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011E02FC81FAC0FCB8" blockId="4.[825,1475,817,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011E02FC81FAC0FCB8" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Diagnosis of cavernicolous species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF0119D1FC82FB35FC99" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1902" box="[1181,1255,817,843]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Iolania</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3150BF0119BAFC81FA88FC99" box="[1270,1370,817,843]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,145,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-6@3.[120,1452,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3. Images of epigean (Iolania perkinsi) and cavernicolous (Iolania Ƒankanstonei) Iolania species, illustrating external morphological features.A, B, Iolania perkinsi Kirkaldv habitus (A) and head and thorax (B), dorsal aspect. C, D, Iolania ssankanstonei habitus (C) and head and thorax (D), dorsal aspect. Specimen from OHS entrance (images bv B. Schurian)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423203/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3150BF01182FFC82FAA2FC99" box="[1379,1392,817,843]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" captionTargetBox="[359,1212,820,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-313@5.[356,1216,817,1928]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing.Scale bar:0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3150BF011835FC82FA54FC99" box="[1401,1414,817,843]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="7.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[115,1456,146,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-6@7.[112,1459,144,1740]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 5. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male genitalia.A, genital segment, less lateral aspect. B, same, caudal aspect. C, anal segment, right lateral aspect.D, same, caudal aspect. E, less gonostvle, maximal aspect.F, aedeagus, dorsal aspect.G, same, less lateral aspect. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Male from CKM entrance, same as in Figure 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
), as represented by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF01193DFCE2FAC0FCB8" box="[1137,1298,848,874]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">I. frankanstonei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011E75FCC4FA6DFB7B" blockId="4.[825,1475,817,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Total length: males,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF01194BFCC5FB52FC5C" box="[1031,1152,886,910]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; females,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF0119A9FCC4FA8CFC5C" box="[1253,1374,887,911]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.4">4.4–4.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Tegmina 2× longer than maximallv wide, shallowlv tectiform, not surpassing tip of anal segment.Costal veins of tegmina in dorsal aspect convex, together creating an oval outline (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3150BF0119A7FC66FAE7FC3F" box="[1259,1333,981,1005]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" captionTargetBox="[359,1212,820,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-313@5.[356,1216,817,1928]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing.Scale bar:0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Vertex with lateral margins stronglv diverging posteriorlv and with posterior margin shallowlv concave; compound eves small, pronotum in dorsal aspect mediallv narrow and laterallv expanded. Compound eves with light red pigmentation, coloration of bodv vellowish to light brown, tegmina with darker spots and stripes, variable among specimens studied. Hind tibiae laterallv with three minute spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E13150BF011F58FB5FFA75F865" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="key">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011F58FB5FFA75FA51" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Kev to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF011F2CFB58FD28FAD7" box="[608,762,1259,1285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF011F2CFB58FD7AFAD7" box="[608,680,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(modified from Hoch 2006)
|
||||
<key id="FFDB0C5B3150BF011DD7FA9EFA75F865" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyStep id="30BE43CF3150BF011DD7FA9EFA75F865" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7FA9EFA75FA51" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
(1) Tegmina longer than twice their maximal width, well surpassing tip of abdomen; compound eves large and darklv pigmented; vertex with lateral margins slightlv diverging posteriorlv and with posterior margin deeplv concave; pronotum in dorsal aspect narrow throughout; bodv size of males
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF011FA8FAD8FC8DFA51" box="[740,863,1387,1411]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="5.55" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="4.8">4.8–6.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, females
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF011EF7FAD8FBE4FA51" box="[955,1078,1387,1411]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="6.65" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="6.2">6.2–7.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
............................................................. 2
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD7FA38FA75F9F2" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7FA38FA75F9F2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
- Tegmina twice as long as maximallv wide, not surpassing tip of anal segment; compound eves small and reddish; vertex with lateral margins stronglv diverging posteriorlv and with posterior margin shallowlv concave; pronotum in dorsal aspect mediallv narrow and laterallv expanded; bodv size of males
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF011E69FA7AFC70FA33" box="[805,930,1481,1505]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, females
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3150BF011EB2FA7AFBABFA33" box="[1022,1145,1481,1505]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.4">4.4–4.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF01193CFA54FA7AF9D3" bold="true" box="[1136,1448,1511,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF01193CFA54FA80F9D2" authority="Fankanstonei" authorityName="Fankanstonei. B" authorityYear="2024" box="[1136,1362,1511,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF01193CFA54FA80F9D2" bold="true" box="[1136,1362,1511,1536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D3A033150BF01181AFA5AFA7AF9D3" box="[1366,1448,1513,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(2) Male genitalia with aedeagus svmmetrical; anal segment without spinose processes ................................................................... 3
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD7F99BFA75F9AC" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7F99BFA75F9AC" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
- Aedeagus with asvmmetrical paired spines; anal segment caudallv bent ventrad, with two distinct ventrolateral spinose processes ........................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF01192AF9F4FA75F98C" authority="Hoch, 2006" authorityName="Hoch" authorityYear="2006" box="[1126,1447,1606,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraussohana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF01192AF9F4FAFBF98D" box="[1126,1321,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania kraussohana</emphasis>
|
||||
Hoch, 2006
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(3) Shaft of aedeagus in lateral aspect curved dorsad; flagellum without sculpturing; gonostvli not ventrallv ridged .................. 4
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD7F935FA75F90E" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7F935FA75F90E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
- Shaft of aedeagus straight; flagellum sculptured with numerous distinct tuberculous protuberances; gonostvli ventrallv ridged .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 (4) Paired spines of aedeagus foliatelv dilated ...................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF0119B3F977FA75F90E" authorityName="Giffard" authorityYear="1925" box="[1279,1447,1732,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF0119B3F977FA75F90E" box="[1279,1447,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania mauiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD7F957FA75F8C8" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7F957FA75F8C8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
- Paired spines of aedeagus not dilated, arm-like, curved dorsad at midlength ....................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF0119BFF950FA75F929" authorityName="Giffard" authorityYear="1925" box="[1267,1447,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF0119BFF950FA75F929" box="[1267,1447,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolanaia lanaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(5) Gonostvli with caudal margin triangular; tips of aedeagal spines directed straight basad or mediobasad ................................. 6
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD7F891FA7AF8AB" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7F891FA7AF8AB" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
- Gonostvli with caudal margin rounded; tips of aedeagal spines directed dorsad ..................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF01185DF891FA75F8E8" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1297,1447,1826,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF01185DF891FA75F8E8" box="[1297,1447,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(6) Male anal segment distallv with produced lateroventral corners; shaft of aedeagus in lateral aspect with ventral margin distinctlv narrowing in distal half; tips of aedeagal spines curved mediad .................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF01184CF8D2FA7AF8AB" authorityName="Giffard" authorityYear="1925" box="[1280,1448,1889,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oahuensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF01184CF8D2FA7AF8AB" box="[1280,1448,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania oahuensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3150BF011DD7F833FA75F865" blockId="4.[155,1449,1259,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30BBF85F3150BF011DD7F833FA75F865" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
- Male anal segment in caudal aspect ventrallv rounded; shaft of aedeagus in lateral aspect not narrowing towards apex; tips of aedeagal spines directed straight basad .....................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93150BF0119A3F82CFA75F865" authorityName="Giffard" authorityYear="1925" box="[1263,1447,1951,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koolauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783150BF0119A3F82CFA75F865" box="[1263,1447,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iolania koolauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
572
data/03/E3/EA/03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA.xml
Normal file
572
data/03/E3/EA/03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
|
|||
<document id="144A2C6773538080F55186C822CE72E3" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad198" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14423193" ID-ZooBank="E0A267D-6195-4EC4-92B1-757DD5956C85" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1734029692247" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hoch, Hannelore, Porter, Megan L., Slav, Christv M., Slav, Michael E., Steck, Mireille & Chong, Rebecca A." docDate="2024" docId="03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad198.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (3)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad198" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Iolania Fankanstonei Hoch & Porter 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFDA92043154BF051D4CFFB3FFD2FFD2" masterDocTitle="From the dark side of paradise: a new natural replication of cave planthopper evolution from Hawaiian lava tubes (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1734447688994" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods id="3D2979266B3AB01487BCB5010AAF651A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8131FDC9F3B6A1C58BF4A1CFC3E6A36E">
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<mods:title id="DE1730BEDB4DC1D736331159063B9579">From the dark side of paradise: a new natural replication of cave planthopper evolution from Hawaiian lava tubes (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="24184B36668564580A27B7DB8EE0815B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D145DDF558920B968EB5B8D804190D8E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A2EF31782755CF70E6917DF43DC95D47">Hoch, Hannelore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2988828F575B8898634DD3C1279AE7D4">Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversitv Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germanv</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="926892254FD7D2B3EEC45CA50F79D702">Porter, Megan L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3224EF5E553696CC01F0697DBB6B1516">School of Life Sciences, Universitv of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="DAD7A2C1308DBBD415A7751474D198FB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4AE4A1D5143FF07392DA8E67C06125D6">Slav, Christv M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D7800C400BB1CEFFB8184D370FA4217">Ŋe Sustainabilitv Consortium, Julie Ann Wriglev Global Futures Laboratorv, Arizona State Universitv, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="67ED003B54734534FE05A47442467BFA">Slav, Michael E.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="6DB05F4246F5C1DC75395886E49B6B4C">Arkansas Field Office, Ŋe Nature Conservancv, Liưle Rock, AR 72201, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="A9D14E7D99C9E7855A5339212A3AFBD4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E30853598472FF491FA21A90DCF516B6">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="8FB56B58C9F48F7678D56B21A19D5E59">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="CBE6EAD8C80B28AFC9D28FD44A299C8C">Steck, Mireille</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="92897ED44F24D50FB099DB9CEC7703F8">School of Life Sciences, Universitv of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="D7A6FDBC7F601D42F54343FF3C0E20A4" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="2DDF6AAD6D204102BB85E0DF4F895071">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="F5AEED7F5DDFD18E292B58B2AC7D01DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B0FE8996045C55F7D57895772F15C485">Chong, Rebecca A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="FA2B0C57415202523D66823124AC6BFE">School of Life Sciences, Universitv of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C98303B19441D439292F1BB7BB14233D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="28CE8C269612982E679BD30EB8745392" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="30816D358D8A74B083F31ABD49C6AFBF">
|
||||
<mods:title id="2E934A1D6BDB992F23AAFBB9987888FB">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="232AA45145CE982C8904B9DFC1AFD0B8">
|
||||
<mods:date id="53870C18AC47C521505CE317BC2ECF83">2024</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="8FF4233A1D2EA80CDDCD9F9BB3F0A662" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="ED9104A623EF39BC1959BCFE64D32581">2024-01-18</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="21493B76A725253107DCB8E8080D600F" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="5D47B2CB4F26BBAC875E03A87A36AA9C">202</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="8EB9EF52E779A24FF599CE0D5A105E5C" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="1DBB72751B69815DCFBCF9250276D11D">3</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="DDAD5E91F45526836AC929E16C0E6EE0" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="B05952A30E5E9CAABC1795AF359BC74F">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="7AA6FB528E88B54DC9CDD8854C1CAE88">13</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:location id="6DBF0644838B6055C36B0801EE134600">
|
||||
<mods:url id="53F2FC2280DEF8D6F2AB428A0F98DF71">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad198</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="849C04C2F1A55E5CAD562C997718310B">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="5EF6C049D7AA4B8530D7299744E53F67" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad198</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="AF962F4D6882DC1BD8A2A0F5F9F7B6F9" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="30EE1B46416E9DF670C14B767C802BED" type="Zenodo-Dep">14423193</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="6B2F8FCEB8BBD9497E1757BC0B37DCBA" type="ZooBank">E0A267D-6195-4EC4-92B1-757DD5956C85</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E13151BF001D8FFF3DFDF1FF1B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D8FFF3DFDF1FF1B" blockId="5.[195,680,142,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D8FFF3DFDF1FF1B" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93151BF001D8FFF3DFD85FF78" ID-CoL="54QG" ID-ENA="2831207" authority="Fankanstonei Hoch & Porter" authorityName="Fankanstonei Hoch & Porter" authorityYear="2024" box="[195,599,142,170]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D8FFF3DFE67FF78" bold="true" box="[195,437,142,170]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iolania frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
Hoch & Porter
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D3A033151BF001F10FF23FD7AFF78" box="[604,680,144,170]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3151BF001C18FF1CFE70FF1B" box="[340,418,175,201]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,1051,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-509@1.[114,1458,1050,1923]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of closelv related epigean and cavernicolous planthopper species. A, Iolania perkinsi (epigean). B, Iolania Ƒankanstonei (cavernicolous). C, Oliarus cf. filicicola (epigean). D, Oliarus polyphemus (cavernicolous).Images of live specimens bv M.E. Slav." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423195/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3151BF001CE7FF1CFE31FF1B" box="[427,483,175,201]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[121,1451,145,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-6@3.[120,1452,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3. Images of epigean (Iolania perkinsi) and cavernicolous (Iolania Ƒankanstonei) Iolania species, illustrating external morphological features.A, B, Iolania perkinsi Kirkaldv habitus (A) and head and thorax (B), dorsal aspect. C, D, Iolania ssankanstonei habitus (C) and head and thorax (D), dorsal aspect. Specimen from OHS entrance (images bv B. Schurian)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423203/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3C D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3151BF001CA1FF1CFDCAFF1B" box="[493,536,175,201]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" captionStartId-1="7.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox-0="[359,1212,820,1927]" captionTargetBox-1="[115,1456,146,1738]" captionTargetId-0="figure-313@5.[356,1216,817,1928]" captionTargetId-1="figure-6@7.[112,1459,144,1740]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figure 4. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing.Scale bar:0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance." captionText-1="Figure 5. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male genitalia.A, genital segment, less lateral aspect. B, same, caudal aspect. C, anal segment, right lateral aspect.D, same, caudal aspect. E, less gonostvle, maximal aspect.F, aedeagus, dorsal aspect.G, same, less lateral aspect. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Male from CKM entrance, same as in Figure 4." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423207" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14423207/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4–5</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E13151BF031CCCFF69FA6DFE97" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001CCCFF69FE3EFF21" blockId="5.[384,492,218,243]" box="[384,492,218,243]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001CCCFF69FE3EFF21" box="[384,492,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D3DFEB3FDDEFE66" blockId="5.[113,763,256,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Slightlv troglomorphic species with compound eves present, but small; tegmina covering most of the abdomen, barelv attaining but not surpassing tip of abdomen; hind wings well developed but slightlv reduced in length in comparison to epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93151BF001FFAFEEDFF6FFE47" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001FFAFEEDFD29FEA4" box="[694,763,350,374]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; coloration generallv lighter than in epigean species, with darker portions (see ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001C06FE2FFE60FE66" box="[330,434,412,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
’ below).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D3DFE65FF1EFDDF" blockId="5.[113,764,469,525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D3DFE65FF20FE3C" box="[113,242,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Body length:</emphasis>
|
||||
Male,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3151BF001C0CFE66FE69FE3F" box="[320,443,469,493]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001C9DFE65FE36FE3F" box="[465,484,470,493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 6); female,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3151BF001FCDFE65FD2EFE3F" box="[641,764,470,494]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.4">4.4–4.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D32FE45FF43FDDF" box="[126,145,502,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D3DFD81FBA7FEF7" blockId="5.[113,763,562,742]" lastBlockId="5.[810,1459,144,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D3DFD81FF33FD98" box="[113,225,562,586]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Coloration:</emphasis>
|
||||
Bodv and legs vellowish. Compound eves reddish; antennae vellowish-white. Head and mesothorax laterallv sordid light brown. Tergites and sternites of abdominal segments slightlv darker brown. Tegmina translucent, light vellowish, with irregularlv defined brownish portions distallv of nodal line and faint brown transverse stripes across postcostal cell; brownish markings also accompanving median branch of Y-vein (= Pcu) and common stem of Y-vein (= Pcu * A1), in dorsal aspect creating a median ‘V’ across the tegmina. Coloration similar in both sexes; the brownish portions appear to be darker in females, creating a more contrasting pattern.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF031E66FEFCFF27FEB1" blockId="5.[810,1460,335,735]" lastBlockId="6.[129,778,144,356]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001E66FEFCFCB5FEB5" box="[810,871,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head:</emphasis>
|
||||
Vertex short, ~3.6× wider posteriorlv than mediallv long, broadlv triangular, concave; posterior margin shallowlv incised mediallv, lateral margins ridged; transverse carina mediallv forming an obtuse angle. Areolets (or ‘fossette’
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001860FE1DFA8DFE17" box="[1324,1375,430,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B3151BF001826FE1EFC8CFE36" author="Giffard WM" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref8694" refString="Giffard WM. A review of the Hawaiian Cixiidae with descriptions of species (Homoptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 1925; 6: 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1925">Giffard 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) indistinctlv divided mediallv bv a short obtuse carina. Frons separated from anterior margins of areolets bv an obtuse transverse carina, and with a median longitudinal carina that is distinctlv ridged and running from apical transverse carina to frontoclvpeal suture. Frons widest at base of antennae, 0.8× shorter mediallv than maximallv wide. Lateral margins of frons in ventral portion foliatelv ridged. Postclvpeus almost smooth, with a verv faint obtuse median carina in upper portion; anteclvpeus with a median faint carina; post- and anteclvpeus together mediallv ~1.6× longer than frons. Frontoclvpeal suture highlv vaulted. Compound eves small; lateral ocelli present, vestigial; median frontal ocellus absent. First antennal joint (scape) short, ring-like; second antennal joint (pedicel) cvlindrical, slightlv longer than wide, with sensorv plaque organs distinctlv recognizable. Rostrum slightlv surpassing posterior margin of hind coxae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF350BE23151BF001D3DF811FA42F868" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14423205" box="[113,1424,1954,1983]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" targetBox="[359,1212,820,1927]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D3DF811FA42F868" blockId="5.[113,1424,1954,1983]" box="[113,1424,1954,1983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D3DF811FE4DF86D" bold="true" box="[113,415,1954,1983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Figure 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93151BF001D82F815FE4DF86D" authority="Fankanstonei" authorityName="Fankanstonei. B" authorityYear="2024" box="[206,415,1958,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D82F815FE4DF86D" bold="true" box="[206,415,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iolania frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031DCDFE3DFE20FB67" blockId="6.[128,779,398,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031DCDFE3DFF1DFE77" box="[129,207,398,421]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||||
Pronotum short, ~15× wider than mediallv long, and 1.6× wider than maximum width of head including eves; posteriorlv deeplv incised, with obtuse median and two sharplv ridged lateral carinae. Mesonotum tricarinate; carinae distinctlv ridged; lateral carinae slightlv diverging posteriorlv. Mesonotum mediallv slightlv longer than maximallv wide, with lateral portions oblique. Tegulae small, without carina. Tegmina short, ~2× longer than maximal width, not surpassing tip of abdomen; in males with contracted abdomen attaining cephal margin of genital segment; in males with expanded abdomen attaining cephal margin of abdominal tergite VII; in females not surpassing tip of ovipositor; distal margin rounded, pterostigma indistinct, veins denselv covered with bases of setae. Venation with proximal branching pattern as in epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031C9FFC96FDB9FCEF" box="[467,619,805,829]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031C9FFC96FDCAFCEF" box="[467,536,805,829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but postcostal cell relativelv wider; venation distallv of nodal line varving among individuals, with variation concerning the branching pattern of posterior radius and media and that of anterior cubitus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3152BF031DC7FC10FF16FC69" box="[139,196,931,955]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" captionTargetBox="[359,1212,820,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-313@5.[356,1216,817,1928]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing.Scale bar:0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Claval vein (CuP) and Y-vein (Pcu, A1 and Pcu * A1) as in epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031C49FC71FE4EFC08" box="[261,412,962,986]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031C49FC71FE98FC08" box="[261,330,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hind wings well developed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3152BF031F8CFC71FD25FC08" box="[704,759,962,986]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" captionTargetBox="[359,1212,820,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-313@5.[356,1216,817,1928]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing.Scale bar:0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
); in comparison to epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031CCBFC52FDCEFC2B" box="[391,540,993,1017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031CCBFC52FE1EFC2B" box="[391,460,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, relativelv shorter. Legs moderatelv long; metatibiae laterallv with three minute spines, and five to seven strong apical spines, bilaterallv and individuallv variable (5/6; 5/7; 6/6). Metabasitarsus elongate, approximatelv as long as second and third tarsomere together, with five apical spines. Second tarsomere with four or five apical spines. Pretarsal claws small, arolia pad-like.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031DCCFB64FDD9F8F0" blockId="6.[128,778,1239,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031DCCFB64FEC6FB3D" box="[128,276,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
|
||||
Genital segment in caudal aspect slightlv higher than wide, laterodorsal margin rounded, medioventral process triangular. Anal segment distallv of anal stvle on both sides broadlv rounded, ventrocaudal margin mediallv straight; anal segment in dorsal aspect with lateral margins more or less parallel, in lateral aspect straight, distallv of anal stvle not bent ventrallv. Gonostvli proximallv slender, ventrallv ridged, ridge finelv striate, distal portion slightlv dilated, slender, produced dorsallv, caudal margin rounded, dorsal margin slightlv concave. Aedeagus bilaterallv svmmetrical; shaft with enhanced sclerotization in basal half, in lateral aspect distinctlv narrowing in apical third (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF3152BF031C6EF99CFEBCF995" box="[290,366,1583,1607]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="7.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[115,1456,146,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-6@7.[112,1459,144,1740]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 5. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male genitalia.A, genital segment, less lateral aspect. B, same, caudal aspect. C, anal segment, right lateral aspect.D, same, caudal aspect. E, less gonostvle, maximal aspect.F, aedeagus, dorsal aspect.G, same, less lateral aspect. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Male from CKM entrance, same as in Figure 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423207/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
|
||||
, arrow); shaft ventrallv in basal portion finelv rugose; flagellum short, with surface distinctlv sculptured, dorsal surface mediallv concave, with conspicuous groove distallv of phallotreme; with two movable spinose processes near apex, processes arm-like, proximallv taeniform, distallv terete and tapering in an acute tip, in repose directed mediobasallv, not attaining basal (proximal) third of shaft. Gonoduct with conspicuous protuberance at apex of shaft.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031DCCF8F7FC70FF15" blockId="6.[128,778,1860,1978]" lastBlockId="6.[825,1474,144,199]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031DCCF8F7FEF9F88E" box="[128,299,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Female genitalia:</emphasis>
|
||||
External structures of female genitalia as in epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031D95F8D0FEA7F8A9" box="[217,373,1891,1915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031D95F8D0FECCF8A9" box="[217,286,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: ovipositor ensiform, caudallv slightlv surpassing anal segment. Tergite IX caudallv truncate, verv slightlv concave, with wax-secreting area inconspicuouslv delimited. Anal segment slender, ventral margin caudallv slightlv produced.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031943FF54FB3EFED3" blockId="6.[825,1474,231,325]" box="[1039,1260,231,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031943FF54FB3EFED3" box="[1039,1260,231,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Molecular identification</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75FEBEFA6DFE97" blockId="6.[825,1474,231,325]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Mitochondrial
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E9FFEBDFC2DFEF7" box="[979,1023,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">COI</emphasis>
|
||||
sequences of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF0319C0FEBDFAF0FEF7" box="[1164,1314,269,293]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF0319C0FEBDFAF0FEF7" box="[1164,1314,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MZ048276–MZ048281.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E13152BF03197CFED6FC44FC4A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF03197CFED6FB1EFEAC" blockId="6.[825,1475,356,920]" box="[1072,1228,356,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF03197CFED6FB1EFEAC" box="[1072,1228,356,383]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Species diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75FE38FC44FC4A" blockId="6.[825,1475,356,920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031E75FE38FBD8FE71" box="[825,1034,395,419]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75FE38FBD8FE71" box="[825,1034,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iolania frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from all epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031843FE38FA77FE71" box="[1295,1445,395,419]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031843FE38FA86FE71" box="[1295,1364,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in external characters related to cave adaptation (reduction of compound eves, configuration of head carination and proportions, length and venation of tegmina and wings, pigmentation pattern; see above). Concerning the male genital structures,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF0318F8FDBAFC6EFDED" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF0318F8FDBAFC6EFDED" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF03193FFD9BFB00FDED" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1139,1234,551,575]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF03193FFD9BFB00FDED" box="[1139,1234,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but differs in the shape of the anal segment (distal portion straight vs. bent ventrallv in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF0318F8FDF4FC57FDAC" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF0318F8FDF4FC57FDAC" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and of the aedeagus (shaft with enhanced sclerotization in basal half vs. in basal third in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031932FD35FB0CFD4F" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1150,1246,645,669]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031932FD35FB0CFD4F" box="[1150,1246,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; enhanced sclerotized part ventrallv rugose vs. smooth in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF0319EEFD16FAD0FD6F" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1186,1282,677,701]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF0319EEFD16FAD0FD6F" box="[1186,1282,677,701]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; shaft in lateral aspect distinctlv narrowing in apical third vs. straight in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031817FD76FA69FD0E" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1371,1467,708,732]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031817FD76FA69FD0E" box="[1371,1467,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; arm-like paired processes at transition of shaft and flagellum taeniform throughout vs. distallv terete in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF0319B8FCB0FA84FCC8" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1268,1366,770,794]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF0319B8FCB0FA84FCC8" box="[1268,1366,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and their tips in repose directed straight basomediallv vs. pointed dorsallv in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031E18FCF1FC67FC8B" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[852,949,833,857]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E18FCF1FC67FC8B" box="[852,949,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; dorsal surface of flagellum with phallotreme wide but without longitudinal conspicuous groove distal of it as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF0318F8FCD2FC57FC4A" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF0318F8FCD2FC57FC4A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E13152BF03191FFC04FA63FA5F" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF03191FFC04FB75FC03" blockId="6.[1107,1191,951,977]" box="[1107,1191,951,977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF03191FFC04FB75FC03" box="[1107,1191,951,977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75FC6DFA63FA5F" blockId="6.[825,1474,990,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
The description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93152BF031EB5FC6CFB5DFC24" box="[1017,1167,990,1014]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031EB5FC6CFB5DFC24" box="[1017,1167,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is based on comparativelv few specimens (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031EFFFC4EFBC6FBC7" box="[947,1044,1021,1045]" count="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">six males</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031905FC4DFB19FBC7" box="[1097,1227,1021,1045]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||||
). The range of variation within and between populations from different passages of the Kipuka Kanohina lava tube svstem can therefore not be assessed fullv. Variation exists, however slight, in the size of the compound eves, relative length and venation of the tegmen, and male genital characters (e.g. the shape of gonostvli) within and among specimens from different populations; therefore, it cannot be excluded that the specimens here, hvpothesized to present a single species, might belong to separate reproductive units. We therefore decided to assign the holotvpe and paratvpes from a single population and chose the original collection location, the CKM entrance, as the tvpe localitv, because it was the first location in the Kipuka Kanohina svstem where specimens were collected.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E13152BF0D1968FA1EFE8CFDED" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031968FA1EFB05FA15" blockId="6.[1060,1239,1453,1479]" box="[1060,1239,1453,1479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031968FA1EFB05FA15" box="[1060,1239,1453,1479]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75FA67FAFCF998" blockId="6.[825,1474,1492,1610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E75FA67FAFCF998" collectingDate="2016-11-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="M. E. Slav & C. A. M. Slav & M. L. Porter" country="United States of America" elevation="1096" location="Male" municipality="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75FA67FC4BFA3E" box="[825,921,1492,1516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54F1E5C83152BF031E75FA67FC46FA3E" box="[825,916,1492,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<location id="8E950DB13152BF031ED2FA67FC01FA3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB13152BF031ED2FA67FC01FA3E" box="[926,979,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" municipality="Kipuka Kanohina" name="Male" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Hawaii">Male</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031E97FA67FBFCFA3E" box="[987,1070,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35D1BFA3152BF03197AFA67FBBEFA3E" box="[1078,1132,1492,1516]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031938FA67FB11FA3E" box="[1140,1219,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C1103152BF031843FA67FA10FA3E" box="[1295,1474,1492,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kipuka Kanohina</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
lava tube svstem, CKM entrance (HI 00153),
|
||||
<elevation id="0067BC593152BF031855FA40FA4EF9D9" box="[1305,1436,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0959999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1096.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3152BF031855FA40FABBF9D9" box="[1305,1385,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0959999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1096.0">1096 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFF47DAA3152BF0318E4FA40FC36F9F9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2016-11-24">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFB084423152BF0318E4FA40FC36F9F9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2016-11-24">24 November 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031EA2F9A0FB83F9F9" box="[1006,1105,1555,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M.E. Slav</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031917F9A0FB08F9F9" box="[1115,1242,1555,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C.A.M. Slav</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF03185DF9A0FA59F9F8" box="[1297,1419,1555,1578]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M.L. Porter</collectorName>
|
||||
coll.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E75F981FCACF99B" box="[825,894,1586,1609]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||||
(tvpe number:
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031953F980FACFF998" box="[1055,1309,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BPBMENT 2008035007</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75F9DFFA87F951" blockId="6.[825,1365,1643,1667]" box="[825,1365,1643,1667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E75F9DFFA83F951" box="[825,1361,1643,1667]" collectionCode="BPBM" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75F9DFFC72F951" box="[825,928,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54F1E5C83152BF031E75F9DFFC49F951" box="[825,923,1644,1667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031EE9F9DFFBC7F951" box="[933,1045,1643,1667]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">Two males</specimenCount>
|
||||
, same data as holotvpe,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031845F9DFFA83F951" box="[1289,1361,1644,1667]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75F916FC57F8EB" blockId="6.[825,1475,1701,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75F916FBDBF96F" box="[825,1033,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Additional material:</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF03195BF916FC53F8EB" collectingDate="2018-11-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="M. E. Slav & C. A. M. Slav & A. Katz & J. Gunter & K. Yelverton & P. Bosted" country="United States of America" elevation="730" location="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF03195BF916FB54F96F" box="[1047,1158,1701,1725]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF0319DBF916FAC9F96F" box="[1175,1307,1701,1725]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031861F916FA52F96F" box="[1325,1408,1701,1725]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35D1BFA3152BF0318C5F916FA6DF96F" box="[1417,1471,1701,1725]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031E75F977FC5AF90E" box="[825,904,1732,1756]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8E950DB13152BF031EACF977FB4BF90E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB13152BF031EACF977FB4BF90E" box="[992,1177,1732,1756]" country="United States of America" name="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Hawaii">Kipuka Kanohina</location>
|
||||
lava tube svstem, OHS entrance (HI 00809),
|
||||
<elevation id="0067BC593152BF03194BF950FBAEF929" box="[1031,1148,1763,1787]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="730.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3152BF03194BF950FB9BF929" box="[1031,1097,1763,1787]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="730.0">730 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFF47DAA3152BF0319CBF950FA80F929" box="[1159,1362,1763,1787]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2018-11-24">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFB084423152BF0319CBF950FA80F929" box="[1159,1362,1763,1787]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2018-11-24">24 November 2018</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031810F957FA6DF929" box="[1372,1471,1763,1787]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M.E. Slav</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031E77F8B0FC65F8C9" box="[827,951,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C.A.M. Slav</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031EF3F8B0FBDFF8C8" box="[959,1037,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. Katz</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF03195AF8B0FBA1F8C9" box="[1046,1139,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">J. Gunter</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031930F8B0FB2EF8C9" box="[1148,1276,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">K. Yelverton</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF03187CF8B0FA5CF8C9" box="[1328,1422,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. Bosted</collectorName>
|
||||
coll.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E75F891FC53F8EB" box="[825,897,1826,1849]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E19F8F2FBCDF865" blockId="6.[825,1475,1701,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E19F8F2FAC9F845" collectingDate="2018-03-25" collectionCode="V" collectorName="M. E. Slav & A. S. Engel & S. Engel" country="United States of America" elevation="539" location="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031E19F8F2FC6FF88B" box="[853,957,1857,1881]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031E85F8F2FBCEF88B" box="[969,1052,1857,1881]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35D1BFA3152BF031969F8F2FB89F88B" box="[1061,1115,1857,1881]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF03192BF8F2FB64F88B" box="[1127,1206,1857,1881]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8E950DB13152BF031847F8F2FA10F88B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB13152BF031847F8F2FA10F88B" box="[1291,1474,1857,1881]" country="United States of America" name="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Hawaii">Kipuka Kanohina</location>
|
||||
lava tube svstem, HLC entrance (HI 00323),
|
||||
<elevation id="0067BC593152BF03186DF8D3FA49F8AB" box="[1313,1435,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.39" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="539.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3152BF03186DF8D3FAB7F8AA" box="[1313,1381,1888,1912]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.39" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="539.0">539 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFF47DAA3152BF0318E4F8D3FC68F84A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2018-03-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFB084423152BF0318E4F8D3FC68F84A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2018-03-25">25 March 2018</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031E88F833FBFAF84A" box="[964,1064,1920,1944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M.E. Slav</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF03197EF833FB4DF84A" box="[1074,1183,1920,1944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A.S. Engel</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF0319E6F833FB2DF84A" box="[1194,1279,1920,1944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. Engel</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031846F833FAC9F845" box="[1290,1307,1920,1943]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031869F833FBC9F865" collectionCode="T, BPBM" collectorName="Gracanin" country="United States of America" location="Hackell" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8E950DB13152BF031869F833FAA7F84A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB13152BF031869F833FAA7F84A" box="[1317,1397,1920,1944]" country="United States of America" name="Hackell" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hackell</location>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF0318E2F833FA6DF845" box="[1454,1471,1920,1943]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031E75F82CFC4AF865" box="[825,920,1951,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gracanin</collectorName>
|
||||
coll.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E9FF813FBC9F865" box="[979,1051,1952,1975]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF350BE23153BF021D3DF95BFE20F8E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14423207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423207/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[113,178,1768,1792]" targetBox="[115,1456,146,1738]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3153BF021D3DF95BFE20F8E5" blockId="7.[113,1458,1768,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783153BF021D3DF95BFE4CF8D6" bold="true" box="[113,414,1768,1796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Figure 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93153BF021D81F958FE4CF8D6" authority="Fankanstonei" authorityName="Fankanstonei. B" authorityYear="2024" box="[205,414,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E87783153BF021D81F958FE4CF8D6" bold="true" box="[205,414,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Iolania frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, male genitalia. A, genital segment, left lateral aspect. B, same, caudal aspect. C, anal segment, right lateral aspect. D, same, caudal aspect. E, left gonostvle, maximal aspect. F, aedeagus, dorsal aspect. G, same, left lateral aspect. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Male from CKM entrance, same as in Figure 4.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DD0FF23FF1FFED7" blockId="8.[129,778,144,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B225137315CBF0D1DD0FF23FF1BFED7" collectingDate="2018-11-19" collectionCode="R, BPBM" collectorName="A. Chong & A. S. Engel & M. L. Porter" country="United States of America" elevation="539" location="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E3315CBF0D1DD0FF23FED7FF7A" box="[156,261,144,168]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E9588315CBF0D1C5CFF23FEB1FF7A" box="[272,355,144,168]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35D1BFA315CBF0D1C20FF23FE70FF7A" box="[364,418,144,168]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="498E9588315CBF0D1CE2FF23FE2FFF7A" box="[430,509,144,168]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8E950DB1315CBF0D1F1EFF23FCDBFF7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB1315CBF0D1F1EFF23FCDBFF7A" box="[594,777,144,168]" country="United States of America" name="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Hawaii">Kipuka Kanohina</location>
|
||||
lava tube svstem, HLC entrance (HI 00524),
|
||||
<elevation id="0067BC59315CBF0D1F24FF1CFD30FF15" box="[616,738,175,199]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.39" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="539.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1F24FF1CFD7FFF15" box="[616,685,175,199]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.39" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="539.0">539 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFF47DAA315CBF0D1FA3FF1CFEFBFF35" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2018-11-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFB08442315CBF0D1FA3FF1CFEFBFF35" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2018-11-19">19 November 2018</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF315CBF0D1C7FFF7CFE95FF35" box="[307,327,207,231]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC315CBF0D1C06FF7CFE60FF35" box="[330,434,207,231]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. Chong</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC315CBF0D1CF7FF7CFDF4FF35" box="[443,550,207,231]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A.S. Engel</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC315CBF0D1F17FF7CFD06FF34" box="[603,724,207,230]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">M.L. Porter</collectorName>
|
||||
coll.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF315CBF0D1DCDFF5DFF1BFED7" box="[129,201,238,261]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DD0FEBEFE8CFDED" blockId="8.[129,778,144,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Cixiid nvmphs belonging to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1C8FFEBEFDDAFEF7" authorityName="Fankanstonei. B" authorityYear="2024" box="[451,520,269,293]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1C8FFEBEFDDAFEF7" box="[451,520,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were also collected from cave sections within the Kipuka Kanohina lava tube svstem in close proximitv to adult specimens used for this description. However, nvmphs of epigean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1C8BFED8FDDEFE51" authorityName="Fankanstonei. B" authorityYear="2024" box="[455,524,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1C8BFED8FDDEFE51" box="[455,524,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Iolania</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are ‘hitherto unknown – thev most likelv live (like the nvmphs of all cixiids) close to or inside the soil, and are not documented in collections’ (Hoch 2006: 317). Based on morphologv alone, we therefore cannot assign the nvmphs with certaintv to either
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1FC7FE5AFD3EFDD3" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[651,748,489,513]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1FC7FE5AFD3EFDD3" box="[651,748,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1DCDFDBAFECBFDF2" box="[129,281,520,544]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1DCDFDBAFECBFDF2" box="[129,281,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, hence we have opted to refrain from accessing these specimens here.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E1315CBF0D1CDEFDECFCD8FC24" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1CDEFDECFE2AFDAB" blockId="8.[129,778,607,1014]" box="[402,504,607,633]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1CDEFDECFE2AFDAB" box="[402,504,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DCDFD35FCD8FC24" blockId="8.[129,778,607,1014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">The species epithet is chosen to honour the friendship and collaboration between the pioneers of Hawaiian cave biologv, the late Fred D. Stone (1938–2018) and Frank G. Howarth, Bishop Museum. Over the course of nearlv six decades, thev explored hundreds of caves, discovered dozens of new species, and inspired and supported countless people (students in addition to novice and senior scientists). Known to fellow cavers as ‘Frank ’n Stone’, thev are held in high esteem as reliable buddies in the field and valued discussion partners. Their scientific expertise, combined with personal integritv and their notorious sense of (occasionallv dark) humour, renders them unforgettable to anvone who has had the good fortune to meet and spend time underground with them.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E1315CBF0D1CC7FBA6FE1BF95A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1CC7FBA6FE2CFBFD" blockId="8.[395,510,1045,1071]" box="[395,510,1045,1071]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1CC7FBA6FE2CFBFD" box="[395,510,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DCDFB8FFE1BF95A" blockId="8.[129,778,1084,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1C53FB8EFE6CFB86" box="[287,446,1084,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1C53FB8EFE6CFB86" box="[287,446,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been documented from multiple lava tubes across a range of elevations in the Kipuka Kanohina Cave Svstem (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B315CBF0D1CC5FBC8FDDCFB41" author="Bosted P" box="[393,526,1147,1171]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="4 - 11" refId="ref8365" refString="Bosted P. Update on the Kipuka Kanohina cave svstem in Hawai'i. NSS News 2017; 75: 4 - 11." type="journal article" year="2017">Bosted 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), on the south-western side of Mauna Loa volcano in 750- to 1500-vear-old lava flows. It is a highlv braided and mazv svstem, with multiple levels and interconnected passages, located in the desert of Kaʻu near the communitv of Ocean View, ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1CFEFB4BFE24FAC2" box="[434,502,1272,1296]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="72.0">72 km</quantity>
|
||||
south of Kailua-Kona and ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1DC2FAA4FF01FAFD" box="[142,211,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="48.0">48 km</quantity>
|
||||
north of South Point (the southernmost point in the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35D1BFA315CBF0D1DCDFA84FF6AFA9D" box="[129,184,1335,1359]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
). So far,>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1C57FA84FE89FA9D" box="[283,347,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="29.0">29 km</quantity>
|
||||
of continuous cave passages have been explored within the svstem, with>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1C98FAE5FDC5FABC" box="[468,535,1366,1390]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
|
||||
in the entire svstem. It has a vertical extent of>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1C3DFAC6FE12FA5F" box="[369,448,1397,1421]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
|
||||
, with passages at almost sea level up to>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1D83FA26FEF3FA7E" box="[207,289,1429,1453]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. The cave svstem is currentlv listed as the third longest lava tube in the world, one of onlv three to surpass
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1DCDFA60FF16FA39" box="[129,196,1491,1515]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
|
||||
of uninterrupted passage in length. Despite the significant amount of subterranean habitat found within the Kipuka Kanohina svstem,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1C73F9A0FE05F9F8" box="[319,471,1554,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1C73F9A0FE05F9F8" box="[319,471,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected from onlv four cave sections (of>30 surveved) with an elevational range from
|
||||
<quantity id="4CB2F68F315CBF0D1DF5F9E3FE83F9BA" box="[185,337,1616,1640]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.175" metricValueMax="10.959999999999999" metricValueMin="5.39" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="817.5" valueMax="1096.0" valueMin="539.0">539 to 1096 m</quantity>
|
||||
, suggesting this species might be restricted to the higher-elevation passages.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E1315CBF0D1C17F914FA73FEB6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1C17F914FDFDF913" blockId="8.[347,559,1703,1729]" box="[347,559,1703,1729]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1C17F914FDFDF913" box="[347,559,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology and behaviour</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DCDF97DFA73FEB6" blockId="8.[129,778,1742,1985]" lastBlockId="8.[825,1475,144,356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
There is little documented information on the ecologv and behaviour of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1C5FF95DFE7DF8D7" box="[275,431,1773,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1C5FF95DFE7DF8D7" box="[275,431,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Adults and nvmphs have been observed on and around roots and on cave walls near roots anvwhere from twilight into the deep cave zone of lava tubes (for lava tube zonation, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B315CBF0D1C3CF8F8FDD4F8B1" author="Howarth FG" box="[368,518,1867,1891]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="365 - 89" refId="ref8978" refString="Howarth FG. Ecologv of cave arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology 1983; 28: 365 - 89. hups: // doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 28.010183.002053" type="journal article" year="1983">Howarth 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), although anecdotallv
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1FB7F8FFFED6F851" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1FB7F8FFFED6F851" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be more abundant close to entrance and twilight zones. In two collection locations, the roots have been confirmed to be from the native tree
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1F43F81AFC4AFF7A" authority="Gaudich." authorityName="Gaudich." box="[527,920,144,1985]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1F43F81AFCD8F813" box="[527,778,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Metrosideros polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||||
Gaudich.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
using barcoding techniques (unpublished data B. Chong and M. Porter). Adults have not been observed flving, although the morphologv of the hind wings suggests that the species might be capable of some flight, although perhaps not sustained. In all locations sampled,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D19E3FEBDFA9AFEF7" box="[1199,1352,269,293]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D19E3FEBDFA9AFEF7" box="[1199,1352,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
individuals have been collected from dense root mats and have been observed to co-occur with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1962FEFFFA53FEB6" authority="Fennah, 1973" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1973" box="[1070,1409,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Oliarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="polyphemus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1962FEFFFB22FEB6" box="[1070,1264,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oliarus polyphemus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B315CBF0D19B9FEFFFA53FEB6" author="Fennah RG" box="[1269,1409,332,356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="181 - 4" refId="ref8621" refString="Fennah RG. Ne cavernicolous fauna of Hawaiian lava tubes, 4. Two new blind Oliarus (Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae). Pacific Insects 1973; 15: 181 - 4." type="journal article" year="1973">Fennah, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D3A03315CBF0D18CAFEFFFA73FEB6" box="[1414,1441,332,356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35008E1315CBF0D1EA3FECFFB23FDEA" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1EA3FECFFADFFE44" blockId="8.[825,1474,380,568]" box="[1007,1293,380,407]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1EA3FECFFADFFE44" box="[1007,1293,380,407]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mitochondrial COI phylogeny</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1E75FE10FB23FDEA" blockId="8.[825,1474,380,568]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Phvlogenetic relationships inferred from
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D19B8FE10FAF2FE68" box="[1268,1312,419,442]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">COI</emphasis>
|
||||
sequence data support monophvlv of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D196BFE70FB6CFE08" box="[1063,1214,450,474]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D196BFE70FB6CFE08" box="[1063,1214,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and stronglv support the sister relationship between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D191CFE51FB35FE2B" box="[1104,1255,481,505]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ssankanstonei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D191CFE51FB35FE2B" box="[1104,1255,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. frankanstonei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1855FE51FAAAFE2B" authorityName="Kirkaldv" authorityYear="1902" box="[1305,1400,481,505]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1855FE51FAAAFE2B" box="[1305,1400,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">I. perkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which together form a distinctlv different clade from the Hawaiian
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E9315CBF0D1E75FD93FC51FDEA" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[825,899,544,568]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Oliarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1E75FD93FC51FDEA" box="[825,899,544,568]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oliarus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
samples (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137147EF315CBF0D1EA5FD93FBF3FDEA" box="[1001,1057,544,568]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[156,1411,147,1804]" captionTargetId="graphics-6@9.[156,1221,158,1782]" captionText="Figure 6. Maximum likelihood phvlogenv of representative cixiid species of the two separate lineages that have colonized Hawaii:Iolania and Oliarus, Aphrophoridae (Philaenus spumarius), and Cercopidae (Callitetix versicolor), and the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values from 1000 replicates that were>70% are included to indicate branch support.GenBank accession numbers for all sequences used are provided in parantheses asser species names. New sequences generated for this studv are in bold, and troglobiont species are indicated bv grev boxes. Arrows indicate separate cave colonization events in both cixiid lineages on Hawaiʻi Island." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B315CBF0D1962FD93FB32FDEA" author="Chong T & Steck M & Porter ML" box="[1070,1248,544,568]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1015 - 7" refId="ref8561" refString="Chong T, Steck M, Porter ML. Complete mitochondrial genomes and phvlogenetic analvsis of the Hawaiian planthoppers Iolania perkinsi and Oliarus cf. filicicola (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 2022; 7: 1015 - 7. hups: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 238023 59.2022. 2080596" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
Chong
|
||||
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1936FD92FB7AFDEA" box="[1146,1192,544,568]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2022
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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