treatments-xml/data/6F/1B/60/6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6.xml

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<mods:title id="AAB1E02AA9B2A5A8CF2305001A996541">Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida) in Sakar Mountains, SE Bulgaria</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67F77042EE13C3A161923CA92EB6ECC0">Kolarova, Nevena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6C1AF608BCDEA72F106A05B124A76911">Gradinarov, Denis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F3337E880D7220A0B549D5326528C469">Petrova, Yana</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9CEFF5F33428149CD76E7C516252CCBF">National Genetic Laboratory, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria, e-mail: yanagradinarova @ abv. bg</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="E9C904AAEE9D2937BADF36F0145D127E">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13257702" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13257702" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="BC45662AFFFEFFA57712FEDAFC73FEAB" box="[285,904,312,337]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="20B2AAC5FFFEFFA57712FEDAFCEDFEAB" ID-CoL="5HZMB" authority="Koch, 1844" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[285,790,312,337]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatum">
<emphasis id="D5C60D54FFFEFFA57712FEDAFCEDFEAB" bold="true" box="[285,790,312,337]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="D5C60D54FFFEFFA57712FEDAFD97FEAB" bold="true" box="[285,620,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Hyalomma marginatum</emphasis>
Koch, 1844
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="7F89CDC3FFFEFFA57528FEDBFC84FEAB" box="[807,895,313,337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[285,332,733,758]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,189,684]" captionTargetId="figure-44@9.[189,1398,189,684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 12. Female of Hyalomma marginatum, Sakar Mts, SE of Knyazhevo Village, 07.vi.2020. A – dorsal view; B – ventral view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13257693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13257693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFA882CDFFFEFFA57712FEBCFD9AFD5B" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E70DD146FFFEFFA57712FEBCFD9AFD5B" blockId="8.[189,1399,350,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">
<materialsCitation id="57DADB1BFFFEFFA57712FEBCFB21FE3B" collectingDate="2019-05-25" collectionCode="BFUS-" collectorName="D. Gradinarov &amp; Y. Petrova" elevation="410" latitude="42.039387" location="Material" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.209002" municipality="Sakar Mts" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="ACR000032, BFUS-ACR000033" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<location id="E26D879DFFFEFFA57712FEBCFE73FE8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6:E26D879DFFFEFFA57712FEBCFE73FE8C" box="[285,392,350,374]" latitude="42.039387" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.209002" municipality="Sakar Mts" name="Material" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Material</location>
examined: 
<collectingMunicipality id="07694B3CFFFEFFA57432FEBCFD2EFE8F" box="[573,725,350,374]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Sakar Mts</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<locationDeviation id="F6BFC864FFFEFFA574FDFEBCFB54FE8C" box="[754,1199,350,374]" location="Balgarska Polyana Vill." pageId="8" pageNumber="28">NE of Balgarska Polyana Vill.</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="8286B781FFFEFFA572C4FEBCFA8DFE8C" box="[1227,1398,350,374]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="21.8" value="42.039387">42°02'21.8&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8286B781FFFEFFA576B2FE61FE90FE61" box="[189,363,387,411]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="32.4" value="26.209002">26°12'32.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation id="6C9F3675FFFEFFA57775FE61FDE7FE61" box="[378,540,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="410.0">
<quantity id="204A7CA3FFFEFFA57775FE61FE2BFE61" box="[378,464,387,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="410.0">410 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, roadside xerophilic grasslands (
<figureCitation id="7F89CDC3FFFEFFA575DDFE61FBE7FE61" box="[978,1052,387,411]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,236,1038,1063]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,198,990]" captionTargetId="figure-42@3.[189,1398,189,990]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Sakar Mts, NE of Balgarska Polyana Village, 12.v.2024. Habitats of Ixodes ricinus, Rhipicephalus turanicus and Hyalomma marginatum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13257673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13257673/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), 
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<collectingDate id="83480E6EFFFEFFA57237FE61FB46FE61" box="[1080,1213,387,411]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2019-05-25">25.v.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="F1B41ACFFFFEFFA572C0FE61FAF5FE61" box="[1231,1294,387,411]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(
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<collectionCode id="81A34983FFFEFFA5732EFE61FF05FE3B" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">BFUS-ACR</collectionCode>
000032
</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="B714793DFFFEFFA57765FE4BFD9AFE3B" box="[362,609,425,449]" collectionCode="BFUS-ACR" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">BFUS-ACR000033</specimenCode>
), on the ground, 
<collectorName id="4A47B490FFFEFFA5754FFE4BFC03FE3B" box="[832,1016,425,449]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">D. Gradinarov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="4A47B490FFFEFFA57210FE4BFB59FE3A" box="[1055,1186,425,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Y. Petrova</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="57DADB1BFFFEFFA572E7FE4BFF16FDCB" collectingDate="2020-06-07" collectionCode="BFUS-" collectorName="D. Gradinarov" elevation="102" latitude="42.100277" location="Sakar Mts" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.506027" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="ACR000034" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="E26D879DFFFEFFA572E7FE4BFA8AFE3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6:E26D879DFFFEFFA572E7FE4BFA8AFE3A" box="[1256,1393,425,449]" latitude="42.100277" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.506027" name="Sakar Mts" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Sakar Mts</location>
, 
<locationDeviation id="F6BFC864FFFEFFA576B2FE2CFE17FE1C" box="[189,492,462,486]" location="Knyazhevo Vill." pageId="8" pageNumber="28">SE of Knyazhevo Vill.</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="8286B781FFFEFFA5740EFE2CFD50FE1C" box="[513,683,462,486]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="01.0" value="42.100277">42°06'01.0&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8286B781FFFEFFA574B4FE2CFC93FE1C" box="[699,872,462,486]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="21.7" value="26.506027">26°30'21.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation id="6C9F3675FFFEFFA57571FE2CFBD2FE1C" box="[894,1065,462,486]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="102.0">
<quantity id="204A7CA3FFFEFFA57571FE2CFC23FE1F" box="[894,984,462,486]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="102.0">102 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, dirt road, riverine and xerothermic vegetation, 
<date id="930CF786FFFEFFA577F2FE11FD71FDF1" box="[509,650,499,523]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2020-06-07">
<collectingDate id="83480E6EFFFEFFA577F2FE11FD71FDF1" box="[509,650,499,523]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2020-06-07">07.vi.2020</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="F1B41ACFFFFEFFA57494FE11FD3DFDF1" box="[667,710,499,523]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="81A34983FFFEFFA574D6FE11FCCBFDF1" box="[729,816,499,523]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">BFUS-</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="B714793DFFFEFFA57520FE11FC34FDF1" box="[815,975,499,523]" collectionCode="ACR" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">ACR000034</specimenCode>
), on the ground, 
<collectorName id="4A47B490FFFEFFA572B5FE16FA8DFDF1" box="[1210,1398,499,523]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">D. Gradinarov</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="57DADB1BFFFEFFA5770FFDFBFF16FDAC" collectingDate="2023-05-24" collectionCode="BFUS-" collectorName="D. Gradinarov" elevation="102" latitude="42.100277" location="Sakar Mts" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.506027" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="ACR000035" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
the same locality, 
<date id="930CF786FFFEFFA577F6FDFBFD84FDCB" box="[505,639,537,561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2023-05-24">
<collectingDate id="83480E6EFFFEFFA577F6FDFBFD84FDCB" box="[505,639,537,561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2023-05-24">24.v.2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="F1B41ACFFFFEFFA5749EFDFBFD45FDCA" box="[657,702,537,561]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="81A34983FFFEFFA574DCFDFBFCD2FDCA" box="[723,809,537,561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">BFUS-</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="B714793DFFFEFFA57526FDFBFC33FDCB" box="[809,968,537,561]" collectionCode="ACR" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">ACR000035</specimenCode>
), on the ground, 
<collectorName id="4A47B490FFFEFFA572B6FDFBFA8DFDCB" box="[1209,1398,537,561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">D. Gradinarov</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="57DADB1BFFFEFFA57707FDDCFD9AFD5B" collectingDate="2023-04-14" collectionCode="BFUS-" collectorName="D. Gradinarov" elevation="94" latitude="42.023834" location="Sakar" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.451889" municipality="Manastirska Reka Riv." pageId="8" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="ACR000036" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="E26D879DFFFEFFA57707FDDCFEA3FDAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F1B6050FFFEFFA57712FEDAFC6AFCA6:E26D879DFFFEFFA57707FDDCFEA3FDAC" box="[264,344,574,598]" latitude="42.023834" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.451889" municipality="Manastirska Reka Riv." name="Sakar" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Sakar</location>
, 
<locationDeviation id="F6BFC864FFFEFFA5777DFDDCFD80FDAC" box="[370,635,574,598]" location="Ustrem Vill." pageId="8" pageNumber="28">W of Ustrem Vill.</locationDeviation>
, right bank of 
<collectingMunicipality id="07694B3CFFFEFFA57563FDDCFB4AFDAC" box="[876,1201,574,598]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Manastirska Reka Riv.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="8286B781FFFEFFA572C4FDDCFA8EFDAC" box="[1227,1397,574,598]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="25.8" value="42.023834">42°01'25.8&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8286B781FFFEFFA576B2FD81FE91FD81" box="[189,362,611,635]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="06.8" value="26.451889">26°27'06.8&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation id="6C9F3675FFFEFFA5778EFD81FDDBFD81" box="[385,544,611,635]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="94.0">
<quantity id="204A7CA3FFFEFFA5778EFD81FE36FD81" box="[385,461,611,635]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="94.0">94 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, riverine vegetation, 
<date id="930CF786FFFEFFA57543FD81FC22FD81" box="[844,985,611,635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2023-04-14">
<collectingDate id="83480E6EFFFEFFA57543FD81FC22FD81" box="[844,985,611,635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" value="2023-04-14">14.iv.2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, on the ground, 
<specimenCount id="F1B41ACFFFFEFFA572D9FD81FAFCFD81" box="[1238,1287,611,635]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="B714793DFFFEFFA5732EFD81FEA6FD5B" collectionCode="ACR" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">
<collectionCode id="81A34983FFFEFFA5732EFD81FF05FD5B" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">BFUS-ACR</collectionCode>
000036
</specimenCode>
), 
<collectorName id="4A47B490FFFEFFA5777DFD6BFDD7FD5B" box="[370,556,649,673]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">D. Gradinarov</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFA882CDFFFEFFA57713FD4CFC6AFCA6" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E70DD146FFFEFFA57713FD4CFC6AFCA6" blockId="8.[189,1399,350,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">
Notes: This species is widespread in 
<collectingCountry id="9FA591D6FFFEFFA5751BFD4CFC78FD3C" box="[788,899,686,710]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
up to 
<quantity id="204A7CA3FFFEFFA575E8FD4CFBB5FD3F" box="[999,1102,686,710]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
a.s.l., being found in greater numbers in the southern regions of the country (
<bibRefCitation id="8323ACB7FFFEFFA575CEFD31FAD2FD16" author="Georgieva, G. &amp; Gecheva, G." box="[961,1321,723,748]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refId="ref3738" refString="Georgieva, G. &amp; Gecheva, G. (2013) Fauna Bulgarica. 32. Acari. Ordo Ixodida, familia Ixodidae. Editio Academica Professor Marin Drinov, Sofia, 226 pp. (in Bulgarian)." type="book" year="2013">Georgieva &amp; Gecheva 2013</bibRefCitation>
). The species exhibits high ecological plasticity in its Palaearctic range (
<bibRefCitation id="8323ACB7FFFEFFA57210FD1BFA92FCEB" author="Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N." box="[1055,1385,761,785]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refId="ref3958" refString="Estrada-Pena, A. Mihalca, A. D. &amp; Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa: A Guide to Species Identification. Springer, 404 pp." type="book" year="2017">
Estrada-Peñа 
<emphasis id="D5C60D54FFFEFFA572D5FD18FAE1FCEB" box="[1242,1306,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). In 
<collectingCountry id="9FA591D6FFFEFFA576EDFCFCFEAFFCCC" box="[226,340,798,822]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="8" pageNumber="28">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
, it is found in hilly areas and in the low mountain belt, often in shrublands and in xerothermic oak forests (
<bibRefCitation id="8323ACB7FFFEFFA5742CFCA1FC7FFCA6" author="Georgieva, G. &amp; Gecheva, G." box="[547,900,835,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refId="ref3738" refString="Georgieva, G. &amp; Gecheva, G. (2013) Fauna Bulgarica. 32. Acari. Ordo Ixodida, familia Ixodidae. Editio Academica Professor Marin Drinov, Sofia, 226 pp. (in Bulgarian)." type="book" year="2013">Georgieva &amp; Gecheva 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>