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<document id="F56757715D6F7470E7EEA9300D550EF0" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13219769" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1722843533298" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Denys, Christiane, Gabriel, Nadine W., Lalis, Aude &amp; Jenkins, Paulina" docDate="2024" docId="038C87C6FFE5FFE2B1CCFA6EFD70F9FA" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.25-28.796-839.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (25 - 28)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Microgale pusilla Major 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="816" masterDocId="FFB5FFBEFFF6FFF6B02CFFB3FF8FFFA2" masterDocTitle="Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Childrens Cave, Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="839" masterPageNumber="796" pageNumber="815" updateTime="1723487275992" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0667DAADA10A7A789A04283F4C50CBAB">Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Childrens Cave, Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47511837AF2A1D3815243C4D2D3B925B">Denys, Christiane</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="120DD442784F28E48294804147C4EED7">Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National dHistoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F68C1B2A0499B18158974CDFAD4260D5">Gabriel, Nadine W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B7D298F413F9F84B4FBCBD6D2D8F6FF3">Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DBACFCF47449655415928C94595628B7">Lalis, Aude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B0674348582D34AFBF5795C548544B90">Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National dHistoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6FD9DE216829B69D536C6E5CEC15348B">Jenkins, Paulina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="559BD9315D7DC4DB37B7943832C71B9F">Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="BBD6E867E464905A1C569853C2BBDB16">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A7607B7A1385A5A01C1D39EE3E14699">25 - 28</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C33F655BFFE5FFE5B1CCFA6EFEF0F9EC" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFE5FFE5B1CCFA6EFCCCFA5A" blockId="19.[480,835,1501,1528]" box="[480,835,1501,1528]" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">
<heading id="D0D281BCFFE5FFE5B1CCFA6EFCCCFA5A" box="[480,835,1501,1528]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE5FFE5B1CCFA6EFCCCFA5A" ID-CoL="42WJJ" authority="Major, 1896" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" box="[480,835,1501,1528]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE5FFE5B1CCFA6EFD25FA5A" box="[480,682,1501,1528]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Microgale pusilla</emphasis>
Major, 1896
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFE5FFE5B08CF9A0FEF0F9EC" blockId="19.[160,1156,1555,1718]" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Attributed material: Upper Stratum: 143 maxillae and maxillary fragments, 49 mandibular rami; see Appendix.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F655BFFE5FFE2B0ECF9EBFD70F9FA" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="816" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFE5FFE5B0ECF9EBFB0BF914" blockId="19.[160,1156,1555,1718]" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">
<specimenCount id="9D23FD59FFE5FFE5B0ECF9EBFEFFF9D3" box="[192,368,1624,1649]" count="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE5FFE5B1B0F9EBFD88F9D3" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" box="[412,519,1624,1649]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE5FFE5B1B0F9EBFD88F9D3" box="[412,519,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">M. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with intact maxillae exhibit the third premolar (P4) in process of eruption (Stage 2 of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B21FFE5FFE5B1D1F9C8FD2EF936" author="MacPhee RDE" box="[509,673,1659,1684]" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref15657" refString="MacPhee RDE. 1987. The shrew tenrecs of Madagascar: systematic revision and holocene distribution of Microgale (Tenrecidae, Insectivora). Am Mus Novit. 2889: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1987">MacPhee 1987</bibRefCitation>
), in two others the second incisor (I2) or P3 is erupting (MacPhees Stage 3) and in
<specimenCount id="9D23FD59FFE5FFE5B27FF92EFD74F914" box="[595,763,1693,1718]" count="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="815" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
the canines are erupting (Stage 4).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5A6658FFE2FFE2B08CFCD7FD87FC17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13219795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219795/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" startId="20.[160,225,868,891]" targetBox="[163,1153,136,835]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFE2FFE2B08CFCD7FD87FC17" blockId="20.[160,1155,868,949]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B08CFCD7FE85FCD9" bold="true" box="[160,266,868,891]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Measurements of subfossil specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE2FFE2B29AFCD7FCEDFCD9" box="[694,866,868,891]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cowani">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B29AFCD7FCEDFCD9" box="[694,866,868,891]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">Microgale cowani</emphasis>
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from the Childrens Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL: ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFE2FFE2B08CFC41FE63FB8C" blockId="20.[160,1156,1010,1624]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">
A few specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE2FFE2B1A3FC41FE75FBA9" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" box="[399,506,1010,1035]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B1A3FC41FE75FBA9" box="[399,506,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">M. pusilla</emphasis>
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exhibit dp2, dp3 or dp4, and in
<specimenCount id="9D23FD59FFE2FFE2B3ACFC41FBADFBA9" box="[896,1058,1010,1035]" count="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
p3 is in process of erupting (Stage 3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFE2FFE2B0ECFB84FD70F9FA" blockId="20.[160,1156,1010,1624]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">
Major described
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE2FFE2B15AFB84FE54FBF2" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" box="[374,475,1079,1104]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B15AFB84FE54FBF2" box="[374,475,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">M. pusilla</emphasis>
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based on specimens he collected from two localities in southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F3327640FFE2FFE2B0D7FBE9FE0EFBD1" box="[251,385,1114,1139]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, while recognising that subfossil remains in the Childrens Cave, for which he had previously used the label name
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B2BEFBCEFD40FB34" box="[658,719,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">parva</emphasis>
, belonged to the same taxon.
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE2FFE2B436FBCEFF6AFB1A" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B436FBCEFF6AFB1A" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">Microgale pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively rarely represented in museum collections and these museum specimens cluster within the lower to mid-part of the range of the Childrens Cave subfossils on ARL (
<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFE2FFE2B08BFB56FE80FB5C" box="[167,271,1253,1278]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[160,225,900,923]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,146,776]" captionTargetId="graphics-201@21.[248,1141,152,740]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Measurements of subfossil specimens of Microgale pusilla from the Childrens Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL:ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219797/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">Figure 11</figureCitation>
). No contemporary living specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C254D53FFE2FFE2B2E0FB56FCBCFB5C" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1896" box="[716,819,1253,1278]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Microgale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B2E0FB56FCBCFB5C" box="[716,819,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">M. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected by Major from Antsirabe and the surrounding area, which suggests either that the species was not present or poorly represented in the area at that time or that it proved difficult to trap, perhaps because of its small size. Modern methods of standard pitfall trapping at other locations have also shown low abundance for this species where, if present, it is recorded mostly from one and rarely by three or
<specimenCount id="9D23FD59FFE2FFE2B1EEFA21FDE3FA09" box="[450,620,1426,1451]" count="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
. However, remains of this species were identified in fresh owl pellets at Antsifotrakely, a small rock shelter in Antsifotra volcano (approx.
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,
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),
<quantity id="4CDD9B35FFE2FFE2B154FA64FE22FA52" box="[376,429,1495,1520]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
E of Betafo and approximately
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W of Antsirabe (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B21FFE2FFE2B431FA64FF59F9B1" author="MacPhee RDE" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref15657" refString="MacPhee RDE. 1987. The shrew tenrecs of Madagascar: systematic revision and holocene distribution of Microgale (Tenrecidae, Insectivora). Am Mus Novit. 2889: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1987">MacPhee 1987</bibRefCitation>
). The species has also been recorded from four Central Highlands Protected Areas sites, at Ambohitantely, Tsinjoarivo-Ambalaomby, Ibity and Itremo (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B21FFE2FFE2B353F9AEFBF1F994" author="Goodman SM &amp; Rakotondravony D &amp; Raherilalao MJ &amp; Rakotomalala D &amp; Raselimanana AP &amp; Soarimalala V &amp; Duplantier J-M &amp; Duchemin J-B &amp; Rafanomezantsoa J" box="[895,1150,1565,1590]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" pagination="18 - 35" refId="ref14490" refString="Goodman SM, Rakotondravony D, Raherilalao MJ, Rakotomalala D, Raselimanana AP, Soarimalala V, Duplantier J-M, Duchemin J-B, Rafanomezantsoa J. 2000. Inventaire biologique de la foret de Tsinjoarivo, Ambatolampy. Akon'ny Ala. 27: 18 - 35." type="journal article" year="2000">
Goodman
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B3D2F9AEFBBBF994" box="[1022,1076,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
; Goodman
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B139F98CFECBF9FA" box="[277,324,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">et al</emphasis>
. 2018;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B21FFE2FFE2B1BEF98CFD7CF9FA" author="Goodman SM &amp; Soarimalala V" box="[402,755,1599,1624]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816" pagination="251 - 265" refId="ref14707" refString="Goodman SM, Soarimalala V. 2004. A new species of Microgale (Lipotyphla: Tenrecidae: Oryzorictinae) from the Foret des Mikea in southwestern Madagascar. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 117 (3): 251 - 265." type="journal article" year="2004">Goodman and Soarimalala 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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