Add updates up until 2024-08-05 08:07:19

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@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ Deciduous incisors were present on the anterior cranium of
, but judging by the dentition, and by measurements, most of the
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subfossils are adult and fit within the variability of the modern species (
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@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ is relatively common in museum collections and Major collected contemporary live
was found in fresh owl pellets at Antsifotrakely (
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). In comparison with modern specimens from other localities, we find that the Childrens Cave specimens fit within the species variability (
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).
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@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ Childrens Cave
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<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE5FFE5B08CFC88FF76FCF0" bold="true" box="[160,249,827,850]" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Differences in mandible size between the two subfossil species of
@ -205,13 +206,13 @@ There is no variation in size of the mandibular ramus between Modern and subfoss
<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE5FFE5B111FB56FE21FB5C" box="[317,430,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">M. cowani</emphasis>
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(see
<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFE5FFE5B1C0FB56FDD9FB5C" box="[492,598,1253,1278]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[160,225,868,891]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,146,748]" captionTargetId="graphics-255@20.[244,1141,152,714]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Measurements of subfossil specimens of Microgale cowani from the Childrens Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL:ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height." pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Figure 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFE5FFE5B1C0FB56FDD9FB5C" box="[492,598,1253,1278]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[160,225,868,891]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,146,748]" captionTargetId="graphics-255@20.[244,1141,152,714]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Measurements of subfossil specimens of Microgale cowani from the Childrens Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL:ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219795/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Figure 10</figureCitation>
). The few contemporary specimens of
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<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE5FFE5B43EFB56FB0CFB5C" box="[1042,1155,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">M. cowani</emphasis>
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collected by Major at Antsirabe and Andranobe, from the area near the Childrens Cave, group towards the upper part of the range of the subfossils on ARL but the mid-part of the range on MH (see
<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFE5FFE5B140FAFEFE5BFAC4" box="[364,468,1357,1382]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[160,225,868,891]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,146,748]" captionTargetId="graphics-255@20.[244,1141,152,714]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Measurements of subfossil specimens of Microgale cowani from the Childrens Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL:ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height." pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Figure 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFE5FFE5B140FAFEFE5BFAC4" box="[364,468,1357,1382]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[160,225,868,891]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,146,748]" captionTargetId="graphics-255@20.[244,1141,152,714]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Measurements of subfossil specimens of Microgale cowani from the Childrens Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL:ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219795/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="815">Figure 10</figureCitation>
); however, the sample size is too small for this observation to have any significance.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,64 +1,65 @@
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@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ Children's Cave
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<emphasis id="B951EAC2FFE2FFE2B08CFCD7FE85FCD9" bold="true" box="[160,266,868,891]" pageId="20" pageNumber="816">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Measurements of subfossil specimens of
@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ based on specimens he collected from two localities in southeastern
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is relatively rarely represented in museum collections and these museum specimens cluster within the lower to mid-part of the range of the Childrens Cave subfossils on ARL (
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). No contemporary living specimens of
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@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ Major, 1896
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<paragraph id="8B9A36D0FFF3FFF3B0ECF936FE9CF962" blockId="5.[160,1155,1565,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="801">Attributed material: Lower Stratum: 1 skull fragment and 2 left mandibles; see Appendix.</paragraph>
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Rodent dental material of
@ -86,9 +87,9 @@ from Childrens Cave. A: Upper maxillary NHMUK PV M 105613 with right M1M2
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These specimens are at a relatively advanced stage of wear and are comparatively large for the species. On the M1 one can see three oblique lophs and a slight trace of a longitudinal link between the first and second lophs (
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<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFF0FFF0B30EFA9AFC0EFAE0" box="[802,897,1321,1346]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1081,1104]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,144,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-146@6.[163,1153,142,1049]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Rodent dental material of Brachyuromys ramirohitra from Childrens Cave. A: Upper maxillary NHMUK PV M 105613 with right M1M2 and left M1M3, B: Left mandible NHMUK PV M 105615 with m1m3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219773/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="802">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). On the lower molars the lophs are also very oblique and there is only a slight trace of the longitudinal link between the second and third lophs of m1. The molar row length and width of M1 fits well with modern specimens (
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<figureCitation id="131E2A55FFF0FFF0B192FA23FD94FA0B" box="[446,539,1424,1449]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1500,1523]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-47@7.[163,1153,142,1468]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Scatter diagram of modern Brachyuromys spp. with Childrens Cave, Antsirabe and Lavajaza specimens. Top: LS13: length of the upper molar row, WM1: width of M1. Bottom: abscissa: length of the mandible (LMDB), ordinate: L13: length of the lower molar row. Measurements in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219775/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="802">Figure 3</figureCitation>
,
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<mods:namePart id="47B33113CE92D7DF385A1B426A69431A">Aléné Geonho Cho, Daniel Burckhardt Liliya Š. Serbina Igor Malenovský Dalva L. Queiroz Désirée C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C2D31FED57E493748B86B796F284F478">Percy, Diana M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="49469415C75FA55202E9D1392CBD94D9">Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver V 6 T 1 Z 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1901422057094486A0F2B6379A39384A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E2F032A051BCC15C8A0660A052A13590">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="453F1BEB10C78B896EFF4004E7E0FA90">
<mods:date id="8C665DF6EB0F0967FFF3C3B981EB9516">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2D5364C1A65318CD27F08720717D0D45" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2D2FFEFABB0308DE78AC769DF0F33862">2023-10-09</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="92A13E628DD36849114955A87E108EC3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="274C4951ACB529B0C222DAEFF4222386">201</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9A2DF13CD25924FD1A620E754263CCD3">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8DC76CC14893B68D1790CAD303CF6720">387</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="D7A6990150E814A98418BE4095988D2B">http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad128</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="CC8ACDA3AABEBF9A54E99E35C9955883" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad128</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0F2DCA6C9E08151B86ECE0DE6B8A1FC0" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D0F79671B1221A1C730B1C7B96ED6CF6" type="Zenodo-Dep">13219879</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C3166CF7744DFFFDFCB0036169B62CF3" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744DFFFDFCB0036168B52C19" blockId="22.[856,1443,1327,1354]" box="[856,1443,1327,1354]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
<heading id="D0FB8810744DFFFDFCB0036168B52C19" bold="true" box="[856,1443,1327,1354]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744DFFFDFCB0036168B52C19" bold="true" box="[856,1443,1327,1354]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744DFFFDFCB0036168552C19" authority="Burckhardt, Serbina and Malenovsky" authorityName="Burckhardt, Serbina and Malenovsky" authorityYear="2024" box="[856,1347,1327,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Klyveria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744DFFFDFCB003616EAE2C19" bold="true" box="[856,952,1327,1354]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Klyveria</emphasis>
Burckhardt, Serbina and Malenovský
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B5E15744DFFFDFAAF037E68B52C19" box="[1351,1443,1328,1354]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744DFFFDFCD1032769B62CF3" blockId="22.[825,1474,1384,1440]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744DFFFDFCD1032769332CD3" box="[825,1061,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FF9D337E744DFFFDFBAD0326698A2CF3" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFAA05A9744DFFFDFAAF0326698A2CF3" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">568C5A77- 9010-4F66-B83E-575317BA95A5</uuid>
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.
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<subSubSection id="C3166CF7744DFFFCFCD1038C6F6D2E6A" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744DFFFDFCD1038C69112CAA" blockId="22.[825,1474,1473,1529]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744DFFFDFCD1038C6EAE2C8A" box="[825,952,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
<typeStatus id="54B781DE744DFFFDFCD1038C6E7F2C8A" box="[825,873,1474,1497]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744DFFFDFC2A038F688D2C8A" authority="Burckhardt, 1996" authorityName="Burckhardt" authorityYear="1996" box="[962,1435,1473,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Paurocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassiflagellata">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744DFFFDFC2A038F69CA2C8A" box="[962,1244,1473,1497]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Paurocephala crassiflagellata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D744DFFFDFB0D038F688D2C8A" author="Burckhardt D" box="[1253,1435,1473,1497]" pageId="22" pageNumber="409" pagination="77 - 82" refId="ref28596" refString="Burckhardt D. Two new Paurocephala Species from Paraguay (Hemiptera, Psylloidea). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1996; 43: 77 - 82." type="journal article" year="1996">Burckhardt, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by present designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744DFFFCFCD1005D6FFD2C5C" blockId="22.[825,1474,1554,1955]" lastBlockId="23.[113,763,144,1515]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744DFFFDFCD1005D6E892F79" box="[825,927,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Adult. Head, in lateral view, deflexed 4590° from longitudinal axis of body (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744DFFFDFB88007C69A52F19" box="[1120,1203,1586,1610]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1141,1165]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,147,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-424@3.[114,1458,144,1113]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus images illustrating generic diversity within Liviinae: A, Anomoterga africana (Loginova); B, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); C, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); D, Livia junci (Schrank); E, Syntomoza magna (Kuwayama); F, Diclidophlebia eastopi Vondráček; G, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); H, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); I, Liella cf. insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); J, Melanastera smithi (Burckhardt et al.); K, Paurocephala chonchaiensis Boselli; L, Woldaia nebulosa Brown and Hodkinson. Scales 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219881/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
); in dorsal view slightly wider than thorax, very short and wide. Vertex rhomboidal, moderately to strongly transverse (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744DFFFDFB44003F69E02FDA" box="[1196,1270,1649,1673]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,975,999]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,942]" captionTargetId="figure-496@4.[129,1473,144,947]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Adult Liviinae:A, Livia junci (Schrank); B, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); C, Melanastera smithi (Burckhardt et al.); D, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); E, Camarotoscena badia Loginova. AC, head, in dorsal view; D, E, head, in oblique lateral view, with anterior carina (D, arrow), and smooth anteriorly (E). Scales 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219883/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
); covered in finely granular microsculpture, sometimes much reduced on disc; passing smoothly into genae anteriorly; coronal suture fully developed; genae weakly produced ventrally but not enlarged into processes; frons small trapezoidal (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744DFFFDFB5D00A068132E55" box="[1205,1285,1774,1798]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[114,179,1083,1107]" captionTargetBox="[116,1455,147,1053]" captionTargetId="figure-395@5.[114,1458,144,1055]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Head of adult Liviidae: A, Diclidophlebia xuaniMessi; B, Syntomoza magna (Kuwayama); C, Anomoterga tahuata Klyver; D, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); E, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); F, Livia junci (Schrank); G, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); H, Paurocephala dayak Mifsud and Burckhardt.A, B, dorsal view; CH, ventral view. Scales A, B = 0.1 mm; CH = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219887/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
); median ocellus visible in perpendicular view to vertex; compound eyes, in dorsal view, subspherical, collared. Clypeus pear-shaped, large, flattened ventrally, hardly visible in lateral view as it is hidden by the genae. Antenna 10-segmented, distinctly longer than head width; flagellum with simple setae; segment 3 thickened, longest, about as long as segments 45 together; segments 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9 bearing each a subapical rhinarium lacking marginal spines. Thorax moderately slender; dorsal outline, in lateral view, weakly curved. Pronotum, in dorsal view, weakly curved posteriad laterally; propleurites narrowly subrectangular, divided by perpendicular suture into subequal epimeron and episternum. Metapostnotum with blunt tubercle. Mesosternum (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFF9407256DDF28D0" box="[124,201,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="7.[113,178,1005,1029]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,147,973]" captionTargetId="figure-401@7.[114,1458,144,977]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 5. Mesosternum of adult Liviinae: A, Anomoterga scolopiae (Yang); B, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); C, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); D,Livia junci (Schrank); E, Paurocephala robusta Mifsud and Burckhardt; F, Syntomoza magna (Kuwayama).Abbreviations:bas, basisternum; kat, katepisternum; pcx, precoxale; pss, pleurosternal suture; scs, sternocostal suture. Scales 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219891/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) narrower than head, forming transverse band more than three times as wide as long laterally; anterior margin weakly concave with median hump; pleurosternal suture not visible; basisternum triangular; katepisternum small antero-laterally, not bent dorsad laterally; angle between arms of precoxale right or acute. Pro- and mesotibiae cylindrical. Metacoxa with subacute horn-shaped meracanthus. Metafemur with the three ventral sense organs in medial position (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFE3A04086F092B0D" box="[466,543,582,606]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[128,193,1225,1249]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1195]" captionTargetId="figure-313@8.[129,1473,144,1197]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Hindlegs of adult Liviidae: A, Anomoterga africana (Loginova); B, Syntomoza magna (Kuwayama); C, Liella cf. insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); D, N, Paurocephala bifasciata Kuwayama; E, Psyllopsis fraxinicola (Foerster); F, Diclidophlebia oceanica (Crawford); G, D. excetrodendri (Li and Yang); H, D.xuani (Messi); I, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); J, H. irvingiae (Burckhardt et al.); K, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); L, Liella lanceomedia (Brown and Hodkinson); M, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); O, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor). AD, metacoxa; EN, metafemur, base left; O, apex of metafemur. Scales AD = 0.2 mm; EN = 0.1 mm; O = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219893/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
); apex with a group of stout, long setae. Metatibia longer than metafemur, hardly widened apically; bearing 12 or 13 densely spaced apical, weakly sclerotized spurs, without posterior peg-likw or thorn-like setae (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFF94048A6DD72B88" box="[124,193,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,148,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-116@9.[114,1458,144,1597]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. Metatibial apex of adult Liviidae:A, Strophingia cinereae Hodkinson; B, Aphorma lichenoides (Puton); C, Camarotoscena speciosa (Flor); D, Livia junci (Schrank); E, Diclidophlebia oceanica (Crawford); F, D.xuani (Messi); G, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); H, Liella lanceomedia (Brown and Hodkinson); I, Klyveria setinervis (Burckhardt); J, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); K, M. maculipennis (Brown and Hodkinson); L, Paurocephala sauteri Enderlein.Abbreviations:a, anterior view, l, lateral view, m, medial, p, posterior view. Scales 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219897/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Fig. 7I</figureCitation>
). Both metatarsal segments relatively short, subequal in length. Forewing oval or oblong-oval, widest in apical third; 2.22.3 times as long as wide, membranous; vein C + Sc weakly, evenly convex, slender, distinctly delimited from cell; costal break developed, close to apex of vein R 1; pterostigma narrow or wide, entirely membranous; nodal line developed; veins R and M + Cu subequal; vein Rs weakly convex relative to costal margin or sinuous; vein M longer than M 1 + 2; vein Cu 1a weakly or strongly curved towards anal margin; veins M
<subScript id="17883D39744CFFFCFD8405816F9B2A8E" attach="left" box="[620,653,975,989]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">1 + 2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17883D39744CFFFCFD3105816FED2A8E" attach="left" box="[729,763,975,989]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">3 + 4</subScript>
perpendicular to wing margin apically; anal break adjacent to apex of vein Cu 1b; surface spinules fine, spaced, present in all cells. Hindwing slightly shorter than forewing; with two or three costal setae proximal and five to eight setae distal to costal break; vein R + M + Cu bifurcating into R and M + Cu. Abdominal base with a sclerotized area on either side covered in spines. Male proctiger simple (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFE8502D46CAF2DE1" box="[365,441,1178,1202]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1638,1662]" captionTargetBox="[116,1452,156,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-111@11.[114,1458,144,1610]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 9. Male terminalia and tarsal arolium of immature Liviinae: A, G, L, Klyveria crassiflagellata (Burckhardt); B, H, Liella cf. insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); C, Diclidophlebia fremontiae (Klyver); D, Diclidophlebia leptonychiae Burckhardt et al.; E, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); F, Haplaphalara irvingiae (Burckhardt et al.); I, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); J, Psyllopsis fraxini (Linnaeus); K, Livia junci (Schrank); N, Melanastera Brazil. A, B, male proctiger, in lateral view; CI, apex of proximal portion and distal portion(s) of aedeagus; JN, tarsal arolium of fifth instar immature.Scales A, B = 0.05 mm; CI = 0.05 mm; JN, = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219901/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus with simple proximal portion bearing many weak folds subapically; distal portion moderately to strongly expanded basally, apex subdivided from stem (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFF5A02B66DEA2C43" box="[178,252,1272,1296]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1638,1662]" captionTargetBox="[116,1452,156,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-111@11.[114,1458,144,1610]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 9. Male terminalia and tarsal arolium of immature Liviinae: A, G, L, Klyveria crassiflagellata (Burckhardt); B, H, Liella cf. insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); C, Diclidophlebia fremontiae (Klyver); D, Diclidophlebia leptonychiae Burckhardt et al.; E, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); F, Haplaphalara irvingiae (Burckhardt et al.); I, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); J, Psyllopsis fraxini (Linnaeus); K, Livia junci (Schrank); N, Melanastera Brazil. A, B, male proctiger, in lateral view; CI, apex of proximal portion and distal portion(s) of aedeagus; JN, tarsal arolium of fifth instar immature.Scales A, B = 0.05 mm; CI = 0.05 mm; JN, = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219901/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
). Female subgenital plate bearing apical process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744CFFFCFF6503566F382CB8" blockId="23.[113,763,144,1515]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">
Last instar immature. Antenna 10 segments; bearing sectasetae or lanceolate setae on antennal flagellum. Mid- and hindlegs without massive peg-like setae. Tarsal arolium small, pedicel with lateral wings (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFE6A033B6CDE2CDE" box="[386,456,1397,1421]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1638,1662]" captionTargetBox="[116,1452,156,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-111@11.[114,1458,144,1610]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 9. Male terminalia and tarsal arolium of immature Liviinae: A, G, L, Klyveria crassiflagellata (Burckhardt); B, H, Liella cf. insolita (Mifsud and Burckhardt); C, Diclidophlebia fremontiae (Klyver); D, Diclidophlebia leptonychiae Burckhardt et al.; E, Haplaphalara dahli (Rübsaamen); F, Haplaphalara irvingiae (Burckhardt et al.); I, Melanastera lucens (Burckhardt et al.); J, Psyllopsis fraxini (Linnaeus); K, Livia junci (Schrank); N, Melanastera Brazil. A, B, male proctiger, in lateral view; CI, apex of proximal portion and distal portion(s) of aedeagus; JN, tarsal arolium of fifth instar immature.Scales A, B = 0.05 mm; CI = 0.05 mm; JN, = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219901/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Fig. 9L</figureCitation>
). Dorsal body surface bearing minute clavate setae. Precaudal abdominal tergites lacking densely spaced simple setae or sectasetae. Anus in terminal position; with additional pore fields developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744CFFFCFF9903B36FC62F66" blockId="23.[113,762,1533,1589]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFF9903B36DF72F46" box="[113,225,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Etymology:</emphasis>
Dedicated to the
<collectingCountry id="F31B7FEC744CFFFCFE7203B36CAC2F46" box="[410,442,1533,1557]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">US</collectingCountry>
entomologist Frederick Detlev Klyver for his exemplary contributions to psyllid taxonomy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB33F7C744CFFFCFF9900096F6D2E6A" blockId="23.[113,763,1606,1850]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFF9900096DF62F0D" box="[113,224,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Comments:</emphasis>
Monophyly strongly supported in all analyses (
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFD4700086FE32F0C" box="[687,757,1606,1631]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,500,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-67@16.[129,1473,497,1784]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Maximum likelihood (ML-mix) tree resulting from a mixture (heterotachous) model (m GTR+H4 option in IQ TREE) based on the molecular data of the Liviidae and showing the three subfamilies Euphyllurinae, Neophyllurinae, and Liviinae, and two tribes Liviini and Paurocephalini. The numbers below the branches represent the bootstrap values of ≥50. Nodes with boostrap values of &lt;50 are shown in interrupted lines.Light blue and yellow bars indicate the non-monophyletic genera, Diclidophlebia and Haplaphalara." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219903/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Figs 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133723F9744CFFFCFF9900286D9D2F2D" box="[113,139,1638,1662]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[205,1367,147,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@17.[202,1370,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 11. Phylogeny of the Liviidae showing strict consensus tree of the most parsimonious trees based on morphological data (character matrix in Supporting Information, File S2) and obtained with Traditional search in TNT using equal weights.Unambiguous changes only in WINCLADA was used to optimize the character states on the cladogram. Black circles represent synapomorphies, light circles homoplasies; numbers above circles refer to characters numbers, number below to the character states (Table 2). Host plants of Liviini: Malpigiales, Poa, Poales, Ran, Ranunculales; of Paurocephalini:representation of members of Malvales. Distribution: Afrotropics (Afr), Australasia (Aus), Indomalaya (Ind), Nearctic (Nea), Neotropics (Neo), Oceania (Oce), Palaearctic (Pal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219907/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">11</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, File S4).
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<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFE0700286F562F2D" box="[495,576,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Klyveria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently includes two described species:
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744CFFFCFE8400C86D812FEE" authority="(Burckhardt 1996: 79)" authorityName="Aléné Geonho Cho &amp; Percy" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Burckhardt" baseAuthorityPageNumber="79" baseAuthorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Paurocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassiflagellata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFE8400C86F3B2FCE" bold="true" box="[364,557,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">K. crassiflagellata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D744CFFFCFDAA00CB6D992FEE" author="Burckhardt D" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" pagination="77 - 82" refId="ref28596" refString="Burckhardt D. Two new Paurocephala Species from Paraguay (Hemiptera, Psylloidea). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1996; 43: 77 - 82." type="journal article" year="1996">Burckhardt 1996: 79</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFF4A00EB6C0F2FEE" bold="true" box="[162,281,1701,1725]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B5E15744CFFFCFF4A00EB6C0F2FEE" box="[162,281,1701,1725]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(from
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744CFFFCFE8800EA6CF42FEF" authorityName="sensu Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityYear="2003" box="[352,482,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Paurocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFE8800EA6CF42FEF" box="[352,482,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Paurocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744CFFFCFE1800EA6C5C2F8F" authority=", Burckhardt and Mifsud 2003: 13" authorityName=", Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diclidophlebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFE1800EA6F6A2FEF" box="[496,636,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Diclidophlebia</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D744CFFFCFD6000EA6C5C2F8F" author="Burckhardt D &amp; Mifsud D" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" pagination="3 - 34" refId="ref28848" refString="Burckhardt D, Mifsud D. Jumping plant-lice of the Paurocephalinae (Insecta, Hemiptera, Psylloidea): systematics and phylogeny. Contributions to Natural History 2003; 2: 3 - 34." type="journal article" year="2003">Burckhardt and Mifsud 2003: 13</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744CFFFCFE6D008A6FE02F8F" authority="(Burckhardt 1996: 78)" authorityName="Aléné Geonho Cho &amp; Percy" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Aléné Geonho Cho &amp; Percy" baseAuthorityPageNumber="78" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[389,758,1732,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Klyveria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setinervis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFE6D008A6F132F8F" bold="true" box="[389,517,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">K. setinervis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D744CFFFCFDFE008A6FF82F8F" author="Burckhardt D" box="[534,750,1732,1756]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" pagination="77 - 82" refId="ref28596" refString="Burckhardt D. Two new Paurocephala Species from Paraguay (Hemiptera, Psylloidea). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1996; 43: 77 - 82." type="journal article" year="1996">Burckhardt 1996: 78</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFF9900AD6DFF2FA8" bold="true" box="[113,233,1763,1787]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B5E15744CFFFCFF9900AD6DFF2FA8" box="[113,233,1763,1787]" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(from
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744CFFFCFEDA00AD6CA22FA8" authorityName="sensu Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityYear="2003" box="[306,436,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Paurocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFEDA00AD6CA22FA8" box="[306,436,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Paurocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C0C44FF744CFFFCFE2B00AD6C0D2E48" authority=", Burckhardt and Mifsud 2003: 14" authorityName=", Burckhardt and Mifsud" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diclidophlebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B978E36E744CFFFCFE2B00AD6F592FA8" box="[451,591,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Diclidophlebia</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D428D744CFFFCFDB300AD6C0D2E48" author="Burckhardt D &amp; Mifsud D" pageId="23" pageNumber="410" pagination="3 - 34" refId="ref28848" refString="Burckhardt D, Mifsud D. Jumping plant-lice of the Paurocephalinae (Insecta, Hemiptera, Psylloidea): systematics and phylogeny. Contributions to Natural History 2003; 2: 3 - 34." type="journal article" year="2003">Burckhardt and Mifsud 2003: 14</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Their distribution and host plants are summarized in
<tableCitation id="C68E0AC7744CFFFCFF51016C6C152E69" box="[185,259,1826,1850]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[129,184,1165,1189]" captionText="Table 3. Number of described species (Supporting Information, File S3) and undescribed species in the collections of the BMNH, MHNG, and NHMB, with general distribution and confirmed host plants. Afrotropics (Afr), Australasia (Aus), Indomalaya (Ind), Nearctic (Nea), Neotropics (Neo), Oceania (Oce), Palaearctic (Pal)." pageId="23" pageNumber="410">Table 3</tableCitation>
and Supporting Information, File S3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
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<mods:namePart id="835BFB46B0923298A943184D57628933">Zubrii, Natalia A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="134B5FF63C5298CB893F971A93E6553A">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5ECE2C09A1BC6E847FFB48AA23309239" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DE328E6CCCAFAA0737D30D54314B6FFB">
<mods:roleTerm id="04B2D53F4042634EA45AA69B39E8AA83">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9764599FC69CA637AFC51817CD81DCF6">Bolotov, Ivan N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5D3838B60024C855EED99B7369C7C869">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="3A01B7ADEF66D12B3C97F5E9B6CC0EE2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="33563063E3CE45BFF3317D677C058F49">
<mods:title id="F769D990B67721C3F130CDC2806E18D4">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2E03C1C884610F4A883AFF152D4FAB47">
<mods:date id="56C4F4CDAF0D3A88AB678EF087F11C22">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="1D52399A65B6C327A6EF77637AF50D9D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A120C2369E040A8F48702FB7DC073A04">2023-11-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="21E128BD0587C74EF18285E0836A4319" type="volume">
<mods:number id="34FCDC8905A253BC6C0A78484716A11D">201</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="208AD5A4C5B9B2FE13FBDEA5616C664E" type="issue">
<mods:number id="38B43FF0F1DE34EAEE7BFFF909C28D02">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="BFA6B4300A1ABA195C1A05597523DB55">305</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E6021D5336EE37123CCF8E0D545FE6C2">338</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location id="D82E6A58C33D0F2DA5D7BD02C7A558B1">
<mods:url id="0D92EBA79A1B0B9F6D8D432D2185F234">http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="3B5892D6933622414BD12C143D89626C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0E678C50714207EE825609CE21E30286" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9759F10846E1C2918AE0E36B860BBA29" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AF6EFECD1C6E42A031A355171CBC959B" type="Zenodo-Dep">13220074</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ADD3B141DB4E88F5563830890E2DA844" type="ZooBank">DC94015-12D0-42CB-B21E-F7C950E94EFDEuglesa</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D887B71820FFED3DB2FEF6A6541C0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220120" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13220120" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B71820FFED3DB2FEF6A6541C0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887B71820FFED3DB2FEF6A6541C0C" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<subSubSection id="C36B652A1820FFED3DB2FEF6A5EA1820" box="[148,757,325,351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11820FFED3DB2FEF6A5EA1820" blockId="26.[148,757,325,351]" box="[148,757,325,351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<heading id="D08681CD1820FFED3DB2FEF6A5EA1820" bold="true" box="[148,757,325,351]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DB2FEF6A5EA1820" bold="true" box="[148,757,325,351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3DF8FEF6A5891820" ID-CoL="C5VNX" authority="Pirogov &amp; Starobogatov, 1974" authorityName="Pirogov &amp; Starobogatov" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Clessin" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[222,662,325,351]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Conventus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DF8FEF6A64B1820" bold="true" box="[222,340,325,351]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Conventus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3C7FFEF6A5891820" author="Pirogov VV &amp; Starobogatov YI" box="[345,662,325,351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="325 - 37" refId="ref29409" refString="Pirogov VV, Starobogatov YI. Small bivalves of the family Pisidiidae from the Bol'shoy Karabulak bayou in the Volga delta. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 1974; 53: 325 - 37." type="journal article" year="1974">Pirogov &amp; Starobogatov, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23657C81820FFED3FBDFEF6A5EA1820" box="[667,757,325,351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36B652A1820FFED3DA7FE35A6541C0C" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11820FFED3DA7FE35A54F18E2" blockId="26.[129,592,389,413]" box="[129,592,389,413]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FE35A7E318E2" box="[129,252,390,413]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<typeStatus id="54CA88031820FFED3DA7FE35A7AE18E2" box="[129,177,390,413]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C27FE36A55418E2" authority="Clessin, 1877" authorityName="Clessin" authorityYear="1877" box="[257,587,389,413]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conventus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C27FE36A6A418E2" box="[257,443,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Pisidium conventus</emphasis>
Clessin, 1877
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11820FFED3DA7FE0CA59C1B2B" blockId="26.[129,778,447,596]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FE0CA7F818A9" box="[129,231,447,470]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The shell is small (up to
<quantity id="4C899B441820FFED3CD7FE0CA55E18A9" box="[497,577,447,471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
in length), oval, or rounded. The beaks are rounded and slightly prominent, and somewhat offset to the posterior edge of the valves (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3FB6FE4EA5C11B6A" box="[656,734,509,533]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[114,179,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[115,1458,144,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-413@15.[114,1458,144,1048]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Representatives of valid genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae:(A) Euglesa casertana, Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Gydan Peninsula; (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus, Russia (Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220098/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Figs 5C</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3DA7FDAEA7801B4A" box="[129,159,541,565]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,146,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-227@16.[129,1473,145,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Teeth morphology and shell pores of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Yamal Peninsula); (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bars: teeth—0.5 mm; pores—20 µm. The left-hand, central column—right and left valves, respectively; the right-hand column—pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220100/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">6C</figureCitation>
). Pores are rare. Only one (exhalant) siphon is present (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3FC5FDAEA7801B2B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[113,178,771,795]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetId="figure-55@17.[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Anatomy of siphons and gills of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (B) siphon of Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) siphon of Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) siphon of Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Tyumen Region); (E) siphon of Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) siphon of Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River); (G) gill with embryos of E. casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (H) gills with embryos of P.amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (I) gills with embryos of S. lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220104/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
). The outer demibranch is completely reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11820FFED3DA7FDC6A6591BB3" blockId="26.[129,777,629,716]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FDC6A64A1BF2" box="[129,341,629,653]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Reproductive biology:</emphasis>
The members of the genus are characterized as synchronous brooders (embryos are developing within a distinct brood sac).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11820FFED3DA7FD5EA6011A3B" blockId="26.[129,778,749,836]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FD5EA7E11A7A" box="[129,254,749,773]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Distribution:</emphasis>
The range of the genus covers Europe, Southeastern Asia, and North America, including high-latitude (Arctic) regions (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3DEEFC9FA6111A3B" box="[200,270,812,836]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1527,1551]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-136@13.[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 3. Maps of approximate geographic distribution of six genera of the Sphaeriinae in the world based on available 16S rRNA sequences: (A) Sphaerium; (B) Euglesa; (C) Pisidium s.s.; (D) Odhneripisiduim; (E) Hindupisidium; (F) Conventus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220090/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11820FFED3DA7FCD6A6541C0C" blockId="26.[128,778,869,1395]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FCD6A7C11A02" box="[129,222,869,893]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Remarks:</emphasis>
In our phylogenetic trees, the species
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F42FCD6A7B31AE2" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellisi">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F42FCD6A7B31AE2" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Odhneripisidium ellisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3D9BFC36A5201AE2" authority="Gabb, 1868" authorityName="Gabb" authorityYear="1868" box="[189,575,901,925]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insigne">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3D9BFC36A6AD1AE3" box="[189,434,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Odhneripisidium insigne</emphasis>
Gabb, 1868
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F69FC36A5CE1AE3" authorityName="Clessin" authorityYear="1877" box="[591,721,901,924]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conventus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F69FC36A5CE1AE3" box="[591,721,901,924]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. conventus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3DA7FC17A64C1AC3" box="[129,339,932,956]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FC17A6381AC3" box="[129,295,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Odhneripisidium</emphasis>
sp.1
</taxonomicName>
form a well-maintained clade that was previously designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3C79FC70A50A1AA4" author="Saito T &amp; Fujimoto K &amp; Uchida S" box="[351,533,963,987]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" refId="ref29576" refString="Saito T, Fujimoto K, Uchida S et al. Uncovering overlooked diversity using molecular phylogenetic approach: a case of Japanese sphaeriid clams (Sphaeriidae: Bivalvia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2022; 175: 107563. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2022.10750" type="journal volume" year="2022">
Saito
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3CB1FC77A6A01AA4" box="[407,447,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">et al</emphasis>
. (2022)
</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F15FC70A7AA1A84" authority="Odhner, 1921" authorityName="Odhner" authorityYear="1921" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Neopisidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F15FC70A5B11AA4" box="[563,686,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Neopisidium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3F95FC70A7AA1A84" author="Odhner NHJ" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="218 - 23" refId="ref28784" refString="Odhner NHJ. On some species of Pisidium in the Swedish State Museum. Journal of Conchology 1921; 16: 218 - 23." type="journal article" year="1921">Odhner, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3DE1FC50A61C1A84" box="[199,259,995,1019]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[422,1181,141,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-10@12.[419,1183,141,1805]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 2. The phylogeny of the subfamily Sphaeriinae recovered from ML analysis (W-IQ-TREE) and obtained for the complete dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences (16S rRNA+28S rRNA). Black numbers near nodes are bootstrap support values (BS)/ Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). The new taxa are highlighted in red. Subgenera are marked by curly brackets." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220084/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3F3FFC50A57E1A84" box="[537,609,995,1019]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1569,1593]" captionTargetBox="[132,1471,147,1538]" captionTargetId="figure-99@14.[129,1473,144,1540]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Fossil-calibrated phylogeny of the Sphaeriinae calculated under a lognormal relaxed clock model and a Yule process speciation implemented in BEAST 1.10.4 and obtained for the complete dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences (16S rRNA+28S rRNA). Bars indicate 95% HPD of the estimated divergence times between lineages (Mya). Red numbers above the nodes are mean ages (Mya). Black numbers under the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). Stratigraphic chart according to the International Commission on Stratigraphy (2022) (URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2022-02.pdf). The node pies indicate ancestral area reconstructions of the Sphaeriinae clades (probability of each area combination) in accordance with the generalized biogeographic model (combination of the S-DIVA+DEC+S-DEC models)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220094/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Fig. S4</figureCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="54CA88031820FFED3F8FFC50A5C81A84" box="[681,727,995,1019]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C0CFBB1A6BA1D65" authorityName="Odhner" authorityYear="1921" box="[298,421,1026,1050]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Neopisidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C0CFBB1A6BA1D65" box="[298,421,1026,1050]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Neopisidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C98FBB1A4161D65" authority="Stelfox, 1918" authorityName="Stelfox" authorityYear="1918" box="[446,777,1026,1050]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="torquatum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C98FBB1A59F1D65" box="[446,640,1026,1050]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Pisidium torquatum</emphasis>
Stelfox, 1918
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3DADFB92A6091D46" author="Odhner NHJ" box="[139,278,1057,1081]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="218 - 23" refId="ref28784" refString="Odhner NHJ. On some species of Pisidium in the Swedish State Museum. Journal of Conchology 1921; 16: 218 - 23." type="journal article" year="1921">Odhner 1921</bibRefCitation>
). However this species considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3DA7FBF2A6281D27" baseAuthorityName="Paladilhe" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[129,311,1089,1112]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moitessierianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DA7FBF2A6281D27" box="[129,311,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">P. moitessierianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3C6FFBF2A5BE1D26" author="Korniushin AV &amp; Glaubrecht M" box="[329,673,1089,1113]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="415 - 59" refId="ref27696" refString="Korniushin AV, Glaubrecht M. Phylogenetic analysis based on the morphology of viviparous freshwater clams of the family Sphaeriidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneroida). Zoologica Scripta 2002; 31: 415 - 59." type="journal article" year="2002">Korniushin and Glaubrecht 2002</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3F88FBF2A6331D07" author="Graf DL &amp; Cummings KS" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" refId="ref26864" refString="Graf DL, Cummings KS. The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and Other Less Consequential Bivalves), updated 14 Febrary 2023, 2023. MUSSEL Project Web Site. Available at: http: // www. musselproject. net /" type="url" year="2023">Graf and Cummings 2023</bibRefCitation>
, MolluscaBase 2023). According to our phylogenetic trees (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3C34FBCCA6541DE8" box="[274,331,1151,1175]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[422,1181,141,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-10@12.[419,1183,141,1805]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 2. The phylogeny of the subfamily Sphaeriinae recovered from ML analysis (W-IQ-TREE) and obtained for the complete dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences (16S rRNA+28S rRNA). Black numbers near nodes are bootstrap support values (BS)/ Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). The new taxa are highlighted in red. Subgenera are marked by curly brackets." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220084/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="134A2A241820FFED3F7AFBCCA5BD1DE8" box="[604,674,1151,1175]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1569,1593]" captionTargetBox="[132,1471,147,1538]" captionTargetId="figure-99@14.[129,1473,144,1540]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Fossil-calibrated phylogeny of the Sphaeriinae calculated under a lognormal relaxed clock model and a Yule process speciation implemented in BEAST 1.10.4 and obtained for the complete dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences (16S rRNA+28S rRNA). Bars indicate 95% HPD of the estimated divergence times between lineages (Mya). Red numbers above the nodes are mean ages (Mya). Black numbers under the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). Stratigraphic chart according to the International Commission on Stratigraphy (2022) (URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2022-02.pdf). The node pies indicate ancestral area reconstructions of the Sphaeriinae clades (probability of each area combination) in accordance with the generalized biogeographic model (combination of the S-DIVA+DEC+S-DEC models)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220094/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Fig. S4</figureCitation>
) and previous studies,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C37FB2CA6D11DC9" baseAuthorityName="Paladilhe" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[273,462,1183,1206]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moitessierianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C37FB2CA63B1DC9" box="[273,292,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C16FB2CA6D11DC9" box="[304,462,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">moitessierianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grouped with
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F43FB2CA4161DC9" baseAuthorityName="Stelfox" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[613,777,1182,1206]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuilineatum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F43FB2CA5671DC9" box="[613,632,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3FA5FB2DA4161DC9" box="[643,777,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">tenuilineatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3DADFB0DA6781DA9" author="Schultheiss R &amp; Albrecht C &amp; Bossneck U" box="[139,359,1214,1238]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="141 - 56" refId="ref29725" refString="Schultheiss R, Albrecht C, Bossneck U et al. The neglected side of speciation in ancient lakes: phylogeography of an inconspicuous mollusc taxon in lakes Ohrid and Prespa. Hydrobiologia 2008; 615: 141 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10750 - 008 - 9553 - 3" type="journal article" year="2008">
Schultheiss
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DD9FB0CA6371DA9" box="[255,296,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3C54FB0DA50B1DA9" author="Saito T &amp; Fujimoto K &amp; Uchida S" box="[370,532,1214,1238]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" refId="ref29576" refString="Saito T, Fujimoto K, Uchida S et al. Uncovering overlooked diversity using molecular phylogenetic approach: a case of Japanese sphaeriid clams (Sphaeriidae: Bivalvia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2022; 175: 107563. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2022.10750" type="journal volume" year="2022">
Saito
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C8AFB0CA6CB1DA9" box="[428,468,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">et al</emphasis>
. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
) or with
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F52FB0DA5C11DA9" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[628,734,1214,1238]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stewarti">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F52FB0DA5C11DA9" box="[628,734,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. stewarti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C7AFB6EA5F71D8A" authority="(Clewing et al. 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Clewing" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[348,744,1245,1269]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C7AFB6EA51D1D8A" box="[348,514,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Odhneripisidium</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3F35FB6EA5C41D8A" author="Clewing C &amp; Bossneck U &amp; von Oheimb PV" box="[531,731,1245,1269]" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="231 - 52" refId="ref26156" refString="Clewing C, Bossneck U, von Oheimb PV et al. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of a high mountain bivalve fauna: the Sphaeriidae of the Tibetan Plateau. Malacologia 2013; 56: 231 - 52." type="journal article" year="2013">
Clewing
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F56FB6DA5851D8A" box="[624,666,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In this case, the name
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C6AFB4FA6D81C6B" authorityName="Odhner" authorityYear="1921" box="[332,455,1276,1300]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Neopisidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C6AFB4FA6D81C6B" box="[332,455,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Neopisidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be applied to the clade containing
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3DD5FAAFA6241C4B" box="[243,315,1308,1332]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellisi">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DD5FAAFA6241C4B" box="[243,315,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. ellisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C60FAAFA6BA1C4B" box="[326,421,1308,1332]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insigne">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C60FAAFA6BA1C4B" box="[326,421,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. insigne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3C97FAAFA5331C4B" authorityName="Clessin" authorityYear="1877" box="[433,556,1308,1332]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conventus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3C97FAAFA5331C4B" box="[433,556,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. conventus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F42FAAFA7B11C2C" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F42FAAFA4151C4B" box="[612,778,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Odhneripisidium</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
, and, thus, we classified this genus as
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F12FA8FA6581C0C" authority="Pirogov &amp; Starobogatov, 1974" authorityName="Pirogov &amp; Starobogatov" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Clessin" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Conventus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F12FA8FA5851C2C" box="[564,666,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">Conventus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501820FFED3F86FA88A6581C0C" author="Pirogov VV &amp; Starobogatov YI" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" pagination="325 - 37" refId="ref29409" refString="Pirogov VV, Starobogatov YI. Small bivalves of the family Pisidiidae from the Bol'shoy Karabulak bayou in the Volga delta. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 1974; 53: 325 - 37." type="journal article" year="1974">Pirogov &amp; Starobogatov, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
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<mods:title id="3313590446D159DEAF7D2738434B2097">Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the Sphaeriinae (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C8BEEA6A094C71D92086F796F821A1C4">Kropotin, Alexander V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C9F63F079EAEAF736E536504943A94F0">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A94CF8D5AA824C31C5338C10EAF14994">Mabrouki, Youness</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EFA1C9E99A0BC6E2C1038C972E83C570">Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez. B. P. 1796, 30003 Fès-Atlas, Morocco</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="978708D42033E961AD6BD070CB81BF50">Ovchankova, Nadezda B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="661A6D109A3CA321AAA4BE5DFF959023">Laboratory of Macroecology &amp; Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7 - 9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation &amp; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Emb. 1, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="92896BDAB1C48CC6597B92EBBF3CEA63">Palatov, Dmitry M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="511A94667FE6A82FE8970A51B7E31289">Sokolova, Svetlana E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E033D455D235355012A884FB54659077">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="984EDAA6B40A1C2E457EB484A0211BBA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="68955271A8ADA31FBFF044DB91AF03C4">Shevchenko, Alexander R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="21D2A7DCE595F148439F6CFBAD9D507B">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="21667EBB1C32CA5EEA453369286EDEB2">Travina, Oksana V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="81864772C1E5B0A9C4C68E8C1BA1DC11">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9D67B6D71AF1A186ACA3EF3B766E782D">Taybi, Abdelkhaleq F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D1194A8DE19C83DF3634F18316C9D036">Mohammed Premier University, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Applied Biology and Biotechnology Research Team, B. P 300, 62700 Selouane, Morocco</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7D705BECCE6DA52154358767D3CAE2AB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="31BA564BEC3460DDBA961AE71E0F8099">
<mods:roleTerm id="B4D4F6D23C8598F2A6B728A04B03D4F0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8C691F1A4966758AA9711F5CA65CE42F">Soboleva, Alena A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="827B1E25F269085DEF18B39262157029">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E185969E42D1ED50B0C912462A9ABF9B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="17D65C7770A4878CB6D686295B266252">
<mods:roleTerm id="32E1FF647ECA67A1582FF0F28C9D8C0B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2BAD3ACF5EA5BC582EFFF24B7F650964">Zubrii, Natalia A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4D9A2F34D7B26D44CEEEB4CB2EF42371">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="192E1C12EE2AA33B25BE20D13420FFDA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E4A14CD5FBB21037D330A44B79702C92">
<mods:roleTerm id="24440E682F8B3D5DB165D5A9AAED0F87">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B51ACE51B5DC831DFB31F797B93EE3E4">Bolotov, Ivan N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BC2DF79057F314ADFA04CA313E00C7BF">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="AD72BC9A01B2B54CE97225D58DB31E47">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="503D81B54A10406434F2703552B5A289">
<mods:title id="B38169EC74FCE9CBD209448393DA6EFF">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CBD9C64F747434820E677FAB39C636C4">
<mods:date id="BD2020E712454590BF87503E930F1255">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7FDA23C699B59002EB7D2A6302B9FE94" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3109CF98A184CD389EEB47AF250CBA77">2023-11-04</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E92AAFAB8D136FD9C11FB5E185080712" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D759B80B051F0721227C81C986F62144">201</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="06A90BE7793002C7C079D3569F7E8902">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9683A16F92F5A374CE46D0B5EC3075D6">305</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="C341CFA762DF08267873CE5395B0258B">http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="EE3F994CDD31A37F0450117B5862DDBD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F6B247F75147998D1BFABA5582DFC49C" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1DB4839661423F72F8E4F06DBD08FC37" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0F53972C69F5977F641D4F2A9E6F5620" type="Zenodo-Dep">13220074</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EE9ECB268F5796762AEFC64240C0CDCA" type="ZooBank">DC94015-12D0-42CB-B21E-F7C950E94EFDEuglesa</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D887B71822FFEE3EE0F983A68A1B0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B71822FFEE3EE0F983A68A1B0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887B71822FFEE3EE0F983A68A1B0C" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="330" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<subSubSection id="C36B652A1822FFEF3EE0F983A4851F10" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11822FFEF3EE0F983A4851F10" blockId="24.[966,1333,1586,1610]" lastBlockId="24.[825,1377,1625,1679]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221822FFEF3EE0F983A22A1F35" ID-CoL="8SN2D" authority="(Zhadin, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Zhadin" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[966,1333,1584,1611]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subterranea">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3EE0F983A22A1F35" bold="true" box="[966,1333,1584,1611]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3EE0F983A3911F34" bold="true" box="[966,1166,1584,1611]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Euglesa subterranea</emphasis>
(Zhadin, 1932)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134A2A241822FFEF3E62F9E4A4911F10" box="[836,910,1623,1647]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="19.[112,177,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,145,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-216@19.[114,1458,144,1436]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 9. Shells of species, re-described in this research: (A) Euglesa khurbaensis (RMBH No. MSph-707, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (B) E. khurbaensis (RMBH No.MSph-707/2, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (C) E.lindholmi (RMBH No. MSph-370, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (D) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335, Abkhazia); (E) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335/2, Abkhazia); (F) E. hinzi (RMBH No. MSph- 366, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (G) E. subterranea (RMBH No. MSph-295, Georgia, Imereti); (H) E. nordenskioldi (Russia, Vaygach Island). Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220108/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36B652A1822FFEF3E73F9C4A27E1FF0" box="[853,1377,1655,1679]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11822FFEF3E73F9C4A27E1FF0" blockId="24.[825,1377,1625,1679]" box="[853,1377,1655,1679]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221822FFEF3E73F9C4A3F41FF0" ID-CoL="8SN2B" authority="Zhadin, 1932: 13" authorityName="Zhadin" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1932" box="[853,1259,1655,1679]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subterraneum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3E73F9C4A32A1FF0" box="[853,1077,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Pisidium subterraneum</emphasis>
Zhadin, 1932: 13
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36B652A1822FFEE3E1FF902A68A1B0C" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="330" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11822FFEF3E1FF902A2401F98" blockId="24.[825,1474,1712,1768]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3E1FF902A4B01FB7" box="[825,943,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Type series:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B193CFC1822FFEF3E9CF903A2441F98" collectionCode="ZIN" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" specimenCount="8" typeStatus="holotype">
The type series includes the
<typeStatus id="54CA88031822FFEF39D0F903A24D1FB7" box="[1270,1362,1712,1736]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="9D77FD281822FFEF38A9F903A4831F97" count="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">eight paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED60AE641822FFEF3E9CF963A4F71F98" box="[954,1000,1744,1767]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
, nos
<quantity id="4C899B441822FFEF393DF97CA3431F98" box="[1051,1116,1743,1767]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">13 in</quantity>
the systematic catalogue
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11822FFEF3E1FF8BAA3B31E3F" blockId="24.[825,1474,1801,1856]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<materialsCitation id="3B193CFC1822FFEF3E1FF8BAA3B81E3F" country="Georgia" location="Tskhal-Tsiteli Cave" municipality="Kutaisi City" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3E1FF8BAA4DC1E5E" box="[825,963,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<typeStatus id="54CA88031822FFEF3E1FF8BAA4761E5F" box="[825,873,1801,1824]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36676311822FFEF3EE9F8BAA33B1E5E" box="[975,1060,1801,1825]" name="Georgia" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Georgia</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EAE607A1822FFEF3912F8BAA3E41E5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B71822FFEE3EE0F983A68A1B0C:8EAE607A1822FFEF3912F8BAA3E41E5E" box="[1076,1275,1801,1825]" country="Georgia" municipality="Kutaisi City" name="Tskhal-Tsiteli Cave" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Tskhal-Tsiteli Cave</location>
near
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAAACDB1822FFEF3867F8BAA2DD1E5E" box="[1345,1474,1801,1825]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Kutaisi City</collectingMunicipality>
(= Rion-Höhle
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3EC5F89AA3091E3F" box="[995,1046,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">sensu</emphasis>
Shadin 1932)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11822FFEF3E1FF8D2A3151EC7" blockId="24.[825,1475,1889,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31822FFEF3E1FF8D2A4E31E06" box="[825,1020,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B193CFC1822FFEF3928F8D2A3191EC7" collectingDate="2016-08" collectionCode="RMBH" collectorName="Palatov" country="Georgia" location="Kutaisi City" municipality="Tskhal-Tsiteli Cave" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Imereti">
<collectingCountry id="F36676311822FFEF3928F8D2A37C1E06" box="[1038,1123,1889,1913]" name="Georgia" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Georgia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B5F8431822FFEF3949F8D2A3A31E06" box="[1135,1212,1889,1913]" country="Georgia" name="Imereti" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Imereti</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAAACDB1822FFEF39EFF8D2A2931E06" box="[1225,1420,1889,1913]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Tskhal-Tsiteli Cave</collectingMunicipality>
near
<location id="8EAE607A1822FFEF3E1FF832A4A51EE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B71822FFEE3EE0F983A68A1B0C:8EAE607A1822FFEF3E1FF832A4A51EE6" box="[825,954,1921,1945]" country="Georgia" municipality="Tskhal-Tsiteli Cave" name="Kutaisi City" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" stateProvince="Imereti">Kutaisi City</location>
,
<date id="FFCF10611822FFEF3EEFF832A32F1EE6" box="[969,1072,1921,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" value="2016-08">
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9891822FFEF3EEFF832A32F1EE6" box="[969,1072,1921,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" value="2016-08">VIII.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268453771822FFEF3919F832A3961EE6" box="[1087,1161,1921,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">Palatov</collectorName>
leg.,
<specimenCount id="9D77FD281822FFEF39EEF832A27A1EE6" box="[1224,1381,1921,1945]" count="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="329" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
(lot no.
<collectionCode id="ED60AE641822FFEF3E1FF813A4991EC8" box="[825,902,1952,1975]" pageId="24" pageNumber="329">RMBH</collectionCode>
MSph-295)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FF22A542183A" blockId="25.[113,763,144,325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FF22A7F719D7" box="[113,232,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Description:</emphasis>
The shell is small (mean length ± SD 2.75 ±
<quantity id="4C899B441823FFEE3FFDFF23A78119B8" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
), round-oval in shape (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3CBEFF1CA6F819B8" box="[408,487,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="19.[112,177,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,145,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-216@19.[114,1458,144,1436]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 9. Shells of species, re-described in this research: (A) Euglesa khurbaensis (RMBH No. MSph-707, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (B) E. khurbaensis (RMBH No.MSph-707/2, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (C) E.lindholmi (RMBH No. MSph-370, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (D) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335, Abkhazia); (E) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335/2, Abkhazia); (F) E. hinzi (RMBH No. MSph- 366, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (G) E. subterranea (RMBH No. MSph-295, Georgia, Imereti); (H) E. nordenskioldi (Russia, Vaygach Island). Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220108/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
). The beaks are rounded, not prominent, located in the middle of the valves (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3FB6FF7CA5F51998" box="[656,746,207,231]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[128,193,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[353,1249,143,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-9@20.[353,1249,143,1832]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Morphology and anatomy of re-described species discussed in this research (teeth morphology and shell pores, anatomy of gills and siphons): (A) Euglesa hinzi (RMBH No. MSph-366, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (B) E. khurbaensis (RMBH No. MSph-707/2, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (C) E.lindholmi (RMBH No.MSph-370, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (D) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335, Abkhazia); (E) E. nordenskioldi (Russia, Vaygach Island); (F) E.subterranea (RMBH No. MSph-295, Georgia, Imereti). Photos: O.V. Aksenova. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220112/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
). The cardinal tooth of the right valve is curved, and thickened on the posterior end. The cardinal teeth of the left valve are short, slightly curved (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3C31FE9EA676183A" box="[279,361,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[128,193,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[353,1249,143,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-9@20.[353,1249,143,1832]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Morphology and anatomy of re-described species discussed in this research (teeth morphology and shell pores, anatomy of gills and siphons): (A) Euglesa hinzi (RMBH No. MSph-366, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (B) E. khurbaensis (RMBH No. MSph-707/2, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (C) E.lindholmi (RMBH No.MSph-370, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (D) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335, Abkhazia); (E) E. nordenskioldi (Russia, Vaygach Island); (F) E.subterranea (RMBH No. MSph-295, Georgia, Imereti). Photos: O.V. Aksenova. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220112/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
). Lateral teeth are long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FED5A5001801" blockId="25.[113,543,358,382]" box="[113,543,358,382]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FED5A7F01801" box="[113,239,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Distribution:</emphasis>
Possibly endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3CE0FED5A5041801" box="[454,539,358,382]" name="Georgia" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Georgia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FE13A68A1B0C" blockId="25.[113,762,415,627]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FE13A7C618C8" box="[113,217,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Comment:</emphasis>
The 16S and 28S rRNA sequences from
<typeStatus id="54CA88031823FFEE3F5AFE13A5B518C7" box="[636,682,416,440]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DA8FE0CA60418A8" baseAuthorityName="Zhadin" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[142,283,447,471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subterranea">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DA8FE0CA60418A8" box="[142,283,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">E. subterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have no analogues in GenBank and are more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3C00FE6CA6B51889" baseAuthorityName="Starobogatov" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[294,426,478,502]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ljovushkini">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3C00FE6CA6B51889" box="[294,426,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">E. ljovushkini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3C9DFE6DA6EA1889" box="[443,501,478,502]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[422,1181,141,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-10@12.[419,1183,141,1805]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 2. The phylogeny of the subfamily Sphaeriinae recovered from ML analysis (W-IQ-TREE) and obtained for the complete dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences (16S rRNA+28S rRNA). Black numbers near nodes are bootstrap support values (BS)/ Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). The new taxa are highlighted in red. Subgenera are marked by curly brackets." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220084/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). However, these species differ by having a different structure to the cardinal teeth (see descriptions) (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3DD6FDAEA67F1B4B" box="[240,352,541,565]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[128,193,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[353,1249,143,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-9@20.[353,1249,143,1832]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Morphology and anatomy of re-described species discussed in this research (teeth morphology and shell pores, anatomy of gills and siphons): (A) Euglesa hinzi (RMBH No. MSph-366, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (B) E. khurbaensis (RMBH No. MSph-707/2, Russia, Primorsky Territory); (C) E.lindholmi (RMBH No.MSph-370, Russia, Gydan Peninsula); (D) E. ljovushkini (RMBH No. MSph-335, Abkhazia); (E) E. nordenskioldi (Russia, Vaygach Island); (F) E.subterranea (RMBH No. MSph-295, Georgia, Imereti). Photos: O.V. Aksenova. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220112/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 10D, F</figureCitation>
). Our data correspond with the opinion of Starobogatov (1962), who revealed morphological differences between these species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="467EAEF140648725B5ECB67A05A6F123">Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the Sphaeriinae (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae)</mods:title>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3C1BF8EFA6F61E08" bold="true" box="[317,489,1884,1911]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Odhneripisidium</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57F82DA7F21ECA" box="[113,237,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DD1F82EA52B1ECA" authority="Preston, 1909" authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1909" box="[247,564,1949,1973]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stewarti">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DD1F82EA6BF1ECA" box="[247,416,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Pisidium stewarti</emphasis>
Preston, 1909
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The shell is small (up to
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in length), oval, rounded, or triangular. The beaks are rounded and slightly or not prominent, and somewhat offset to the posterior edge of the valves. Only one (exhalant) siphon is present. The outer demibranch is completely reduced.
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<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFEF4A31B1820" box="[810,1028,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Reproductive biology:</emphasis>
This genus is characterized as a synchronous brooder (embryos are developing within a distinct brood sac).
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<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFE0CA4B718A8" box="[810,936,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Distribution:</emphasis>
The range of the genus covers Europe, Africa, Asia, and South and North America, including high-altitude and high-latitude (Arctic, Subarctic) regions (
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E13FD87A21C1B11" blockId="25.[821,1448,564,622]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E13FD87A21C1B11" bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E13FD87A37F1B30" bold="true" box="[821,1120,564,591]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3E13FD87A4E91B30" authorityName="Kuiper" authorityYear="1962" box="[821,1014,564,591]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Odhneripisidium</taxonomicName>
сaucasus
</emphasis>
Bespalaya, Vinarski, Aksenova, Kondakov &amp; Palatov
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23657C81823FFEE3991FDE7A21C1B11" box="[1207,1283,596,622]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E63FDC8A4AC1BEC" blockId="25.[837,947,635,659]" box="[837,947,635,659]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
(
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3E76FDC8A4B71BEC" box="[848,936,635,659]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1263,1287]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,144,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-285@21.[114,1458,144,1235]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. New species of Sphaeriinae described in this paper: (A) holotype of Euglesa kolymensis (RMBH No. MSph-787, Russia, Yakutia); (B) holotype of E.kyrgyzyca (RMBH No. MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (C) holotype of E. moroccana (RMBH No.MSph-775, Morocco); (D) holotype of Odhneripisidium caucasus (RMBH No. MSph-296, Russia, Krasnodar Region); (E) paratype of O.caucasus (RMBH No. MSph- 327, Abkhazia).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bar:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220116/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFD07A3761B94" blockId="25.[810,1459,692,747]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFD07A4C11BB3" box="[810,990,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Zoobank number:</emphasis>
<uri id="FFE03AA31823FFEE3ECCFD07A37A1B94" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFD70C741823FFEE39CBFD07A37A1B94" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">7F5E99C9-C0DB- 4D05-8DE6-9F80CE7AAA99</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFCBEA33D1A1C" blockId="25.[810,1459,781,867]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFCBEA4BD1A5B" box="[810,930,781,804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Type series:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B193CFC1823FFEE3E96FCBEA3011A1C" collectionCode="RMBH" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" specimenCount="42" typeStatus="holotype">
The type series includes the
<typeStatus id="54CA88031823FFEE39DCFCBEA2491A5A" box="[1274,1366,781,805]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="9D77FD281823FFEE38BFFCBEA4921A3B" count="42" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">42 paratypes</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED60AE641823FFEE390FFC9FA3691A3C" box="[1065,1142,812,835]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">RMBH</collectionCode>
(accession numbers:
<collectionCode id="ED60AE641823FFEE3840FC9FA2AC1A3C" box="[1382,1459,812,835]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">RMBH</collectionCode>
MSph-296, MSph-327)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFC36A3431AC3" blockId="25.[810,1459,901,956]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<materialsCitation id="3B193CFC1823FFEE3E0CFC36A3471AC3" country="Russia" latitude="43.60997" location="Dolgaya" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.948475" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Krasnodar" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFC36A4A51AE2" box="[810,954,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<typeStatus id="54CA88031823FFEE3E0CFC36A4451AE3" box="[810,858,901,924]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3EF9FC36A33B1AE2" box="[991,1060,901,925]" name="Russia" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B5F8431823FFEE391CFC36A21C1AE2" box="[1082,1283,901,925]" country="Russia" name="Krasnodar" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Krasnodar Region</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EAE607A1823FFEE383FFC36A2721AE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B71823FFED3DD5F8EEA65A185A:8EAE607A1823FFEE383FFC36A2721AE2" box="[1305,1389,901,925]" country="Russia" latitude="43.60997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.948475" name="Dolgaya" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" stateProvince="Krasnodar">Dolgaya</location>
Сave (
<geoCoordinate id="EE4550661823FFEE3E14FC17A4DF1AC3" box="[818,960,930,956]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" precision="1" seconds="35.9" value="43.60997">
43°36
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E57FC11A4681AC4" box="[881,887,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">ʹ</emphasis>
35.9″N
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4550661823FFEE3EE3FC17A34E1AC3" box="[965,1105,930,956]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" precision="1" seconds="54.5" value="39.948475">
39°56
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3927FC11A3181AC4" box="[1025,1031,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">ʹ</emphasis>
54.5″E
</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFC6EA2961A89" blockId="25.[810,1417,989,1014]" box="[810,1417,989,1014]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFC6EA4861A8A" box="[810,921,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named after the Caucasus Range.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFBA4A2AB1DF2" blockId="25.[810,1460,1047,1165]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFBA4A4F31D50" box="[810,1004,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B193CFC1823FFEE3EDBFBA4A2AF1DF2" collectingDate="2015-04" collectingDateMax="2018-02" collectingDateMin="2015-04" collectionCode="RMBH" collectorName="Palatov" country="Russia" county="Abkhazia" location="Psyrkha station" municipality="Gudautsky District" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" specimenCount="43" stateProvince="Krasnodar">
<collectingCounty id="62AF4E2D1823FFEE3EDBFBA4A3411D50" box="[1021,1118,1047,1071]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Abkhazia</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAAACDB1823FFEE394CFBA4A22D1D50" box="[1130,1330,1047,1071]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Gudautsky District</collectingMunicipality>
, spring near
<location id="8EAE607A1823FFEE3E0CFB85A4D11D31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B71823FFED3DD5F8EEA65A185A:8EAE607A1823FFEE3E0CFB85A4D11D31" box="[810,974,1078,1102]" country="Russia" county="Abkhazia" municipality="Gudautsky District" name="Psyrkha station" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" stateProvince="Krasnodar">Psyrkha station</location>
<date id="FFCF10611823FFEE3EFCFB85A3381D31" box="[986,1063,1078,1102]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" value="2018-02">
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9891823FFEE3EFCFB85A3381D31" box="[986,1063,1078,1102]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" value="2018-02">II.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268453771823FFEE3911FB85A39E1D31" box="[1079,1153,1078,1102]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Palatov</collectorName>
leg.,
<specimenCount id="9D77FD281823FFEE39E5FB85A24B1D31" box="[1219,1364,1078,1102]" count="42" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" type="generic">42 specimens</specimenCount>
(lot no.
<collectionCode id="ED60AE641823FFEE3E0CFBE5A4681D12" box="[810,887,1110,1133]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">RMBH</collectionCode>
MSph-327),
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3922FBE6A3561D12" box="[1028,1097,1109,1133]" name="Russia" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B5F8431823FFEE3973FBE6A20C1D12" box="[1109,1299,1109,1133]" country="Russia" name="Krasnodar" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Krasnodar Region</collectingRegion>
, Dolgaya Сave,
<date id="FFCF10611823FFEE3E0CFBC7A4621DF3" box="[810,893,1140,1164]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" value="2015-04">
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9891823FFEE3E0CFBC7A4621DF3" box="[810,893,1140,1164]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" value="2015-04">IV.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="268453771823FFEE3EA3FBC6A4D01DF2" box="[901,975,1141,1165]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Palatov</collectorName>
leg.,
<specimenCount id="9D77FD281823FFEE3924FBC6A3911DF2" box="[1026,1166,1141,1165]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(lot no.
<collectionCode id="ED60AE641823FFEE39C5FBC6A22F1DF3" box="[1251,1328,1141,1164]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">RMBH</collectionCode>
MSph-296)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFB1CA4C91CDE" blockId="25.[810,1459,1198,1441]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFB1CA4BE1DB9" box="[810,929,1199,1222]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Description:</emphasis>
The shell is small (length
<quantity id="4C899B441823FFEE3992FB1DA20A1DB9" box="[1204,1301,1198,1222]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.24" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="2.24">2.24 mm</quantity>
), round-oval in shape (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3E51FB7EA4CE1D9A" box="[887,977,1229,1253]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1263,1287]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,144,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-285@21.[114,1458,144,1235]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. New species of Sphaeriinae described in this paper: (A) holotype of Euglesa kolymensis (RMBH No. MSph-787, Russia, Yakutia); (B) holotype of E.kyrgyzyca (RMBH No. MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (C) holotype of E. moroccana (RMBH No.MSph-775, Morocco); (D) holotype of Odhneripisidium caucasus (RMBH No. MSph-296, Russia, Krasnodar Region); (E) paratype of O.caucasus (RMBH No. MSph- 327, Abkhazia).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bar:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220116/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
). The beaks are not prominent, located in the middle of the valves (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3927FB5EA36F1C7B" box="[1025,1136,1261,1285]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1263,1287]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,144,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-285@21.[114,1458,144,1235]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. New species of Sphaeriinae described in this paper: (A) holotype of Euglesa kolymensis (RMBH No. MSph-787, Russia, Yakutia); (B) holotype of E.kyrgyzyca (RMBH No. MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (C) holotype of E. moroccana (RMBH No.MSph-775, Morocco); (D) holotype of Odhneripisidium caucasus (RMBH No. MSph-296, Russia, Krasnodar Region); (E) paratype of O.caucasus (RMBH No. MSph- 327, Abkhazia).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bar:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220116/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 11D, E</figureCitation>
). The cardinal tooth of the right valve is slightly curved, its posterior end is branched. The inner cardinal tooth of the left valve is thickened, curved (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE386BFA98A2BD1C3C" box="[1357,1442,1323,1347]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,923,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-346@22.[129,1473,923,1866]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Morphology and anatomy of new Sphaeriinae species described in this paper (teeth morphology and shell pores, anatomy of gills and siphons): (A) holotype of E. kyrgyzyca (RMBH No. MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (B) paratype of E. kyrgyzyca (RMBH No.MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (C) holotype of E. kolymensis (RMBH No. MSph-787, Russia, Yakutia); (D) holotype of E. moroccana (RMBH No. MSph-775, Morocco); (E) paratype of Odhneripisidium сaucasus (RMBH No. MSph-327, Abkhazia).Photos: O.V. Aksenova. Scale bars:0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220118/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
). The outer cardinal tooth of the left valve is short, thickened at the anterior end, slightly curved, and inclined towards the inner tooth (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3E54FA3AA4DA1CDE" box="[882,965,1417,1441]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,923,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-346@22.[129,1473,923,1866]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Morphology and anatomy of new Sphaeriinae species described in this paper (teeth morphology and shell pores, anatomy of gills and siphons): (A) holotype of E. kyrgyzyca (RMBH No. MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (B) paratype of E. kyrgyzyca (RMBH No.MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (C) holotype of E. kolymensis (RMBH No. MSph-787, Russia, Yakutia); (D) holotype of E. moroccana (RMBH No. MSph-775, Morocco); (E) paratype of Odhneripisidium сaucasus (RMBH No. MSph-327, Abkhazia).Photos: O.V. Aksenova. Scale bars:0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220118/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CFA74A30B1CA0" blockId="25.[810,1044,1479,1503]" box="[810,1044,1479,1503]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CFA74A4B71CA0" box="[810,936,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Distribution:</emphasis>
Caucasus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3E0CF9B6A3331F87" blockId="25.[810,1460,1541,1784]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CF9B6A20C1F62" box="[810,1299,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
Differential diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3928F9B6A20C1F62" authorityName="Bespalaya, Vinarski, Aksenova, Kondakov &amp; Palatov" authorityYear="2023" box="[1038,1299,1541,1565]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caucasus">Odhneripisidium caucasus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from its sister species,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE394FF996A4F11F23" authority="(Paladilhe, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Paladilhe" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moitessierianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE394FF996A2AC1F43" box="[1129,1459,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Odhneripisidium moitessierianum</emphasis>
(Paladilhe, 1866)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3921F9F7A4741F04" authority="(Stelfox, 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Stelfox" baseAuthorityYear="1918" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuilineatum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3921F9F7A2581F23" box="[1031,1351,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Odhneripisidium tenuilineatum</emphasis>
(Stelfox, 1918)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3EB9F9D0A25F1F04" authority="(Preston, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[927,1344,1635,1659]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stewarti">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3EB9F9D0A3881F04" box="[927,1175,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Odhneripisidium stewarti</emphasis>
(Preston, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
, by its shell morphology (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3E9FF931A30E1FE4" box="[953,1041,1666,1691]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1263,1287]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,144,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-285@21.[114,1458,144,1235]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. New species of Sphaeriinae described in this paper: (A) holotype of Euglesa kolymensis (RMBH No. MSph-787, Russia, Yakutia); (B) holotype of E.kyrgyzyca (RMBH No. MSph-331, Kyrgyzstan); (C) holotype of E. moroccana (RMBH No.MSph-775, Morocco); (D) holotype of Odhneripisidium caucasus (RMBH No. MSph-296, Russia, Krasnodar Region); (E) paratype of O.caucasus (RMBH No. MSph- 327, Abkhazia).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bar:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220116/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
). In contrast with
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE39EDF930A2251FE5" authorityName="Bespalaya, Vinarski, Aksenova, Kondakov &amp; Palatov" authorityYear="2023" box="[1227,1338,1667,1690]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caucasus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE39EDF930A2251FE5" box="[1227,1338,1667,1690]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">O. caucasus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the species
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3E0CF911A4F81FC5" baseAuthorityName="Paladilhe" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[810,999,1698,1722]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moitessierianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CF911A4F81FC5" box="[810,999,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">O. moitessierianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE393AF911A3DE1FC5" baseAuthorityName="Stelfox" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[1052,1217,1698,1722]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuilineatum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE393AF911A3DE1FC5" box="[1052,1217,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">O. tenuilineatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have prominent beaks. The shell of
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3E8AF971A3081FA6" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[940,1047,1730,1753]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stewarti">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E8AF971A3081FA6" box="[940,1047,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">O. stewarti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rather inflated with prominent beaks unlike that of
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E90F952A3331F87" box="[950,1068,1761,1784]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3E90F952A3371F87" authorityName="Bespalaya, Vinarski, Aksenova, Kondakov &amp; Palatov" authorityYear="2023" box="[950,1064,1761,1784]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caucasus">O. caucasus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFED3E0CF8ADA65A185A" blockId="25.[810,1459,1822,1972]" lastBlockId="26.[129,777,144,293]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3E0CF8ADA4EC1E49" box="[810,1011,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Molecular diagnosis:</emphasis>
The new species differs from its congeners by three fixed nucleotide substitutions in the 16S rRNA gene fragment (65 C, 66 G, and 71 G) and one fixed nucleotide substitution in the 28S rRNA gene fragment (691 C). The uncorrected 16S p-distance of the new species from other congeners is 4.810.6% and that based on 28S rRNA is 0.84.8%. The nearest congener is
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<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3DD8FF03A6A519B8" box="[254,442,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. moitessierianum</emphasis>
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with the mean uncorrected 16S p-distance 6.5 ± 1.1%. The mean uncorrected 16S p-distance of the new species from
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<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3CB1FF5DA5181879" box="[407,519,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. stewarti</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221820FFED3F62FF5DA5F21879" baseAuthorityName="Stelfox" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[580,749,238,262]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Odhneripisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="26" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuilineatum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31820FFED3F62FF5DA5F21879" box="[580,749,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="331">O. tenuilineatum</emphasis>
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is 7.8 ± 1.2% (± SD).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
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Genus
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Vinarski &amp; Bespalaya
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<subSubSection id="C36B652A1823FFEE3D57FC9EA6761E42" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FC9EA5F91A3B" blockId="25.[113,742,812,836]" box="[113,742,812,836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FC9EA7F21A3B" box="[113,237,813,836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<typeStatus id="54CA88031823FFEE3D57FC9EA7BE1A3B" box="[113,161,813,836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DD1FC9FA5FD1A3B" authority="G. Nevill &amp; H. Nevill, 1871" authorityName="G. Nevill &amp; H. Nevill" authorityYear="1871" box="[247,738,812,836]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clarkeanum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DD1FC9FA6DA1A3B" box="[247,453,812,836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Pisidium clarkeanum</emphasis>
G. Nevill &amp; H. Nevill, 1871
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FCD5A5E41D07" blockId="25.[113,763,869,1144]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FCD5A7C81A02" box="[113,215,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The maximum shell length is
<quantity id="4C899B441823FFEE3F22FCD6A54C1A02" box="[516,595,869,893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
. Shell triangular, moderately convex; the beaks are prominent, relatively narrow and markedly shifted posteriorly. Only one (exhalant) siphon present. The inhalant water current enters via the pedal slit. The outer demibranch is completely reduced or represent a very small outer demibranch. Both states of this character were also observed in
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DF2FB92A6A71D46" box="[212,440,1057,1081]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Afropisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kenianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DF2FB92A6A71D46" box="[212,440,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Afropisidium kenianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3CD0FB92A56A1D46" box="[502,629,1057,1081]" name="South Africa" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501823FFEE3FA1FB92A64D1D26" author="Korniushin AV &amp; Glaubrecht M" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" pagination="415 - 59" refId="ref27696" refString="Korniushin AV, Glaubrecht M. Phylogenetic analysis based on the morphology of viviparous freshwater clams of the family Sphaeriidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneroida). Zoologica Scripta 2002; 31: 415 - 59." type="journal article" year="2002">Korniushin and Glaubrecht 2002</bibRefCitation>
). However, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501823FFEE3F41FBF2A7A41D07" author="Clewing C &amp; Geertz T &amp; Rassam H" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref26242" refString="Clewing C, Geertz T, Rassam H et al. Freshwater diversity at a biogeographic edge zone: the high-mountain pea-clams of Ethiopia. Systematics and Biodiversity 2022; 20: 1 - 15. Available at: https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772000.2021.2005706" type="journal article" year="2022">
Clewing
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3FE1FBF2A5EB1D26" box="[711,756,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">et al</emphasis>
. (2022)
</bibRefCitation>
, this species is a member of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3F14FBD3A5641D07" authorityName="Jenyns" authorityYear="1832" box="[562,635,1120,1144]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3F14FBD3A5641D07" box="[562,635,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Euglesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FB2AA6281D8F" blockId="25.[113,762,1177,1264]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FB2AA65A1DCE" box="[113,325,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Reproductive biology:</emphasis>
The members of this genus are characterized as synchronous brooders (embryos are developing within a distinct brood sac).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FAA6A5CF1C33" blockId="25.[113,762,1301,1356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FAA6A7FE1C52" box="[113,225,1301,1325]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Etymology:</emphasis>
The genus name is derived from Hindustan, the Persian name for
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3C04FA87A6461C33" box="[290,345,1332,1356]" name="India" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">India</collectingCountry>
, where its
<typeStatus id="54CA88031823FFEE3CE5FA87A6EE1C33" box="[451,497,1332,1356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">type</typeStatus>
species is distributed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FAC2A60A1CB8" blockId="25.[113,762,1393,1479]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FAC2A7F01CF6" box="[113,239,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Distribution:</emphasis>
The genus includes at least three valid species (
<tableCitation id="C6F3031A1823FFEE3D5AFA23A7D41CD7" box="[124,203,1424,1448]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="7.[108,163,458,483]" captionText="Table 1. Global taxonomic review of the subfamily Sphaeriinae (N/A—not available)" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Table 1</tableCitation>
), whose ranges cover
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3C9FFA23A6EF1CD7" box="[441,496,1424,1448]" name="India" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3CDBFA23A57E1CD7" box="[509,609,1424,1448]" name="Myanmar" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3F48FA23A5D81CD7" box="[622,711,1424,1448]" name="Vietnam" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F36676311823FFEE3D57FA1CA7B11CB8" box="[113,174,1455,1479]" name="Nepal" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3D98FA1CA61B1CB8" box="[190,260,1455,1479]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1527,1551]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-136@13.[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 3. Maps of approximate geographic distribution of six genera of the Sphaeriinae in the world based on available 16S rRNA sequences: (A) Sphaerium; (B) Euglesa; (C) Pisidium s.s.; (D) Odhneripisiduim; (E) Hindupisidium; (F) Conventus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220090/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11823FFEE3D57FA5FA6761E42" blockId="25.[113,763,1516,1853]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57FA5FA7D91F7B" box="[113,198,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Remark:</emphasis>
Although
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3C65FA5EA6BD1F7B" authorityName="Jickeli" authorityYear="1881" box="[323,418,1516,1540]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pirothi">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3C65FA5EA6BD1F7B" box="[323,418,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">P. pirothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represents the
<typeStatus id="54CA88031823FFEE3F72FA5FA59D1F7B" box="[596,642,1516,1540]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3D57F9B8A7EF1F5C" authorityName="Kuiper" authorityYear="1962" box="[113,240,1547,1571]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Afropisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D57F9B8A7EF1F5C" box="[113,240,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Afropisidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501823FFEE3CB7F9B8A5641F5C" author="Clewing C &amp; Geertz T &amp; Rassam H" box="[401,635,1547,1571]" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref26242" refString="Clewing C, Geertz T, Rassam H et al. Freshwater diversity at a biogeographic edge zone: the high-mountain pea-clams of Ethiopia. Systematics and Biodiversity 2022; 20: 1 - 15. Available at: https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772000.2021.2005706" type="journal article" year="2022">
Clewing
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3CD7F9BFA53F1F5C" box="[497,544,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">et al</emphasis>
. (2022)
</bibRefCitation>
, all African species, including
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3C15F998A6A71F3C" authorityName="Korniushin" authorityYear="1995" box="[307,440,1579,1603]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ethiopicum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3C15F998A6A71F3C" box="[307,440,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">P. ethiopicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3FF2F998A7BF1F1D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[422,1181,141,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-10@12.[419,1183,141,1805]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 2. The phylogeny of the subfamily Sphaeriinae recovered from ML analysis (W-IQ-TREE) and obtained for the complete dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences (16S rRNA+28S rRNA). Black numbers near nodes are bootstrap support values (BS)/ Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). The new taxa are highlighted in red. Subgenera are marked by curly brackets." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220084/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Fig. S2H</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3D9FF9F8A64B1F1D" box="[185,340,1610,1634]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Afropisidium" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kenianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3D9FF9F8A7D41F1D" box="[185,203,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">P.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DD5F9F9A64B1F1D" box="[243,340,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">kenianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3C44F9F8A6F31F1D" authorityName="Ancey" authorityYear="1890" box="[354,492,1611,1634]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ovampicum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3C44F9F8A6F31F1D" box="[354,492,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">P. ovampicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3F0FF9F8A5B71F1D" authorityName="Jickeli" authorityYear="1881" box="[553,680,1610,1634]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pirothi">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3F0FF9F8A5281F1D" box="[553,567,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">P</emphasis>
. cf.
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3F41F9F9A5B71F1D" box="[615,680,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">pirothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, cluster within the
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DC7F9DAA6341FFE" authorityName="Jenyns" authorityYear="1832" box="[225,299,1641,1665]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DC7F9DAA6341FFE" box="[225,299,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Euglesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade, and none of these taxa is found within the
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DB0F93AA60A1FDE" authorityName="Kuiper" authorityYear="1962" box="[150,277,1673,1697]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Afropisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DB0F93AA60A1FDE" box="[150,277,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Afropisidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade. In this case, the name
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3F16F93AA5B01FDE" authorityName="Kuiper" authorityYear="1962" box="[560,687,1673,1697]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Afropisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3F16F93AA5B01FDE" box="[560,687,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Afropisidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be applied to the clade, containing
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3CE8F91BA5841FBF" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1876" box="[462,667,1704,1728]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nevillianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3CE8F91BA5841FBF" box="[462,667,1704,1728]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Pisidium nevillianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3F8CF91BA5EB1FBF" box="[682,756,1704,1728]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[114,179,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[115,1458,144,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-413@15.[114,1458,144,1048]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Representatives of valid genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae:(A) Euglesa casertana, Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Gydan Peninsula; (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus, Russia (Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220098/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Figs 5B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3D57F974A7921FA0" box="[113,141,1735,1759]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,146,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-227@16.[129,1473,145,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Teeth morphology and shell pores of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Yamal Peninsula); (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bars: teeth—0.5 mm; pores—20 µm. The left-hand, central column—right and left valves, respectively; the right-hand column—pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220100/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">6B</figureCitation>
, and
<figureCitation id="134A2A241823FFEE3DEBF97BA7F71FA0" box="[205,232,1736,1759]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[113,178,771,795]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetId="figure-55@17.[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Anatomy of siphons and gills of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (B) siphon of Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) siphon of Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) siphon of Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Tyumen Region); (E) siphon of Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) siphon of Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River); (G) gill with embryos of E. casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (H) gills with embryos of P.amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (I) gills with embryos of S. lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220104/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">7B</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3C24F974A5E91FA0" authority="(van Benthem Jutting, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="van Benthem Jutting" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[258,758,1735,1759]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="javanum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3C24F974A6A81FA0" box="[258,439,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Pisidium javanum</emphasis>
(van Benthem Jutting, 1931)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DB8F955A5771F80" authority="(Nevill &amp; Nevill, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Nevill &amp; Nevill" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[158,616,1766,1791]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clarkeanum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DB8F955A6721F81" box="[158,365,1766,1790]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Pisidium clarkeanum</emphasis>
(Nevill &amp; Nevill, 1871)
</taxonomicName>
, and, thus, we erected here a new genus to include these species formely classified within
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221823FFEE3DC2F896A67C1E42" authorityName="Kuiper" authorityYear="1962" box="[228,355,1829,1853]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Afropisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="25" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31823FFEE3DC2F896A67C1E42" box="[228,355,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="330">Afropisidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
<document id="E36607E5BFB63C0EF0CF8B6DC03E1D70" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13220074" ID-ZooBank="DC94015-12D0-42CB-B21E-F7C950E94EFDEuglesa" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722844666737" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bespalaya, Yulia V., Vinarski, Maxim V., Aksenova, Olga V., Babushkin, Evgeniy S., Gofarov, Mikhail Yu., Kondakov, Alexander V., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Kropotin, Alexander V., Mabrouki, Youness, Ovchankova, Nadezda B., Palatov, Dmitry M., Sokolova, Svetlana E., Shevchenko, Alexander R., Travina, Oksana V., Taybi, Abdelkhaleq F., Soboleva, Alena A., Zubrii, Natalia A. &amp; Bolotov, Ivan N." docDate="2024" docId="03D887B7182BFFE53EFBF8D2A5CA1B85" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad139.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 201 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.5:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Euglesa Jenyns 1832" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="323" masterDocId="FFE1FFCF183AFFF73D26FFB3A71F197F" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the Sphaeriinae (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae)" masterLastPageNumber="338" masterPageNumber="305" pageNumber="322" updateTime="1722845213370" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="02C90EE8EC2BAB24B649061964DBB169">Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the Sphaeriinae (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD7460D4832F31F1778D8A24A59AC4C8">Bespalaya, Yulia V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0E212E02AF4E2368A8E49E83C72F90FE">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation &amp; Laboratory of Macroecology &amp; Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7 - 9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8155D43F0CFFB79892276934AC05D6BF">Vinarski, Maxim V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="92AAAE3FF96780195DF08292CFCA58CF">Laboratory of Macroecology &amp; Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7 - 9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="4E6FA61122B1A593A6A2EAD91F1A38D1">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="689EA3817A01E944120EC7F941A570A5">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="182258CB1602F890D5D757D0337E0D07">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="CB21DFBA39BE4FB14E7173DEFC3834BC">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="20B1C16822D88C3045DAAE1E27DC28DC">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolsky Avenue 20, 163020 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="7443C105078AF3ABCDC73130757773D2">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="27115F265CE33763879A705109612466">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="C7B5AD1B3229651FB6DD33EE1B5682ED" type="ZooBank">DC94015-12D0-42CB-B21E-F7C950E94EFDEuglesa</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D887B7182BFFE53EFBF8D2A5CA1B85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13220102" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887B7182BFFE53EFBF8D2A5CA1B85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887B7182BFFE53EFBF8D2A5CA1B85" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="323" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">
<subSubSection id="C36B652A182BFFE63EFBF8D2A21F1E04" box="[989,1280,1888,1915]" pageId="17" pageNumber="322" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A1182BFFE63EFBF8D2A21F1E04" blockId="17.[989,1280,1888,1915]" box="[989,1280,1888,1915]" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">
<heading id="D08681CD182BFFE63EFBF8D2A21F1E04" bold="true" box="[989,1280,1888,1915]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="322" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE63EFBF8D2A21F1E04" bold="true" box="[989,1280,1888,1915]" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182BFFE63901F8D3A21F1E04" ID-CoL="7P3P6" authority="Jenyns, 1832" authorityName="Jenyns" authorityYear="1832" box="[1063,1280,1888,1915]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="17" pageNumber="322" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE63901F8D3A36B1E04" bold="true" box="[1063,1140,1888,1915]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Euglesa</emphasis>
Jenyns, 1832
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36A1182BFFE63E0CF820A22D1EB6" blockId="17.[810,1459,1938,1993]" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE63E0CF820A4B91ED5" box="[810,934,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">
<typeStatus id="54CA8803182BFFE63E0CF820A4451ED5" box="[810,858,1939,1962]" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182BFFE63E94F821A3F41ED5" authority="W. Turton, 1819" authorityName="W. Turton" authorityYear="1819" box="[946,1259,1938,1962]" class="Bivalvia" family="Tellinidae" genus="Tellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="17" pageNumber="322" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE63E94F821A3231ED5" box="[946,1084,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Tellina pusilla</emphasis>
W. Turton, 1819
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(non
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<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE6380CF821A2AC1ED5" box="[1322,1459,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Tellina pusilla</emphasis>
Lamarck, 1806
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) =
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182BFFE63ECEF802A2311EB6" authority="(Malm, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Malm" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[1000,1326,1969,1993]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="17" pageNumber="322" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="personata">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE63ECEF802A3891EB6" box="[1000,1174,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Euglesa personata</emphasis>
(Malm, 1855)
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.
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<paragraph id="8BCE36A11828FFE53DA7FF22A6F11B7E" blockId="18.[128,778,144,513]" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31828FFE53DA7FF22A7F819D7" box="[129,231,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
This genus comprises not less than 35 valid species (
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). The shell is small sized (minmax shell length 2.5 6.0 mm). The beaks are shifted to the posterior edge or located near the middle of the shell (
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,
<figureCitation id="134A2A241828FFE53F2AFF5DA5351879" box="[524,554,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,146,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-227@16.[129,1473,145,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Teeth morphology and shell pores of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Yamal Peninsula); (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bars: teeth—0.5 mm; pores—20 µm. The left-hand, central column—right and left valves, respectively; the right-hand column—pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220100/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">6A</figureCitation>
). Similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221828FFE53F88FF5DA41B1879" authorityName="C. Pfeifffer" authorityYear="1821" box="[686,772,238,262]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="18" pageNumber="323" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31828FFE53F88FF5DA41B1879" box="[686,772,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Pisidium</emphasis>
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, only the exhalant siphon and a branchial mantle opening are present in the species of this genus. The branchial siphon is reduced. The outer demibranch (with certain reduction) and inner demibranch usually present (
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). In addition, some species are characterized by a very small outer demibranch, as well as its complete reduction. For example, both states of this character were observed in the North American species
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221828FFE53F71FE7AA6F61B7E" authority="(Korniushin and Glaubrecht 2002)" baseAuthorityName="Korniushin and Glaubrecht" baseAuthorityYear="2002" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="18" pageNumber="323" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="compressa">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31828FFE53F71FE7AA416189E" box="[599,777,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Euglesa compressa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B501828FFE53DADFE5AA6C21B7E" author="Korniushin AV &amp; Glaubrecht M" box="[139,477,489,513]" pageId="18" pageNumber="323" pagination="415 - 59" refId="ref27696" refString="Korniushin AV, Glaubrecht M. Phylogenetic analysis based on the morphology of viviparous freshwater clams of the family Sphaeriidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneroida). Zoologica Scripta 2002; 31: 415 - 59." type="journal article" year="2002">Korniushin and Glaubrecht 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11828FFE53DA6FD96A7E81B03" blockId="18.[128,777,549,636]" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31828FFE53DA6FD96A67D1B42" box="[128,354,549,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Reproductive biology:</emphasis>
This genus is characterized as synchronous brooders (embryos are developing within a distinct brood sac).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11828FFE53DA6FD10A5CA1B85" blockId="18.[128,778,675,762]" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31828FFE53DA6FD10A7E11BC4" box="[128,254,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Distribution:</emphasis>
The genus has wide (subcosmopolitan) distribution, covering Eurasia, Africa, North America, and
<collectingCountry id="F36676311828FFE53F8EFD71A41A1BA5" box="[680,773,706,730]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Australia</collectingCountry>
, including high-altitude and high-latitude regions (
<figureCitation id="134A2A241828FFE53F58FD51A5DB1B85" box="[638,708,738,762]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1527,1551]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-136@13.[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 3. Maps of approximate geographic distribution of six genera of the Sphaeriinae in the world based on available 16S rRNA sequences: (A) Sphaerium; (B) Euglesa; (C) Pisidium s.s.; (D) Odhneripisiduim; (E) Hindupisidium; (F) Conventus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220090/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="323">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
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(1820)
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genus:
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Scopoli, 1777
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@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
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Genus
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</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C714D221835FFF83E96F8F8A3E71E1C" authority="O. F. Muller, 1774" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1774" box="[944,1272,1867,1891]" class="Bivalvia" family="Tellinidae" genus="Tellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="15" pageNumber="320" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amnica">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31835FFF83E96F8F8A3201E1C" box="[944,1087,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="320">Tellina amnica</emphasis>
O.F. Müller, 1774
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A11835FFE73E0CF836A63B1EC0" blockId="15.[810,1459,1924,1980]" lastBlockId="16.[129,778,1614,1983]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="15" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="B905EAB31835FFF83E0CF836A48C1EE3" box="[810,915,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="320">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Shell medium sized (up to
<quantity id="4C899B441835FFF839C5F837A22C1EE3" box="[1251,1331,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
in length), elongately ovate to rounded-triangular. The beaks are narrow, weakly protruding, distinctly shifted to the posterior edge of the shell (
<figureCitation id="134A2A24182AFFE73DCDF9DDA6261FFA" box="[235,313,1645,1670]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[114,179,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[115,1458,144,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-413@15.[114,1458,144,1048]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Representatives of valid genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae:(A) Euglesa casertana, Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Gydan Peninsula; (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus, Russia (Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220098/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). The surface sculpture is well developed in the form of a regular ribbing. The cardinal tooth of the right valve and the inner cardinal tooth of the left valve are very sharply curved (
<figureCitation id="134A2A24182AFFE73C0AF978A6651F9C" box="[300,378,1739,1763]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,146,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-227@16.[129,1473,145,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Teeth morphology and shell pores of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Yamal Peninsula); (B) Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E) Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island).Photos: O.V. Aksenova.Scale bars: teeth—0.5 mm; pores—20 µm. The left-hand, central column—right and left valves, respectively; the right-hand column—pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
). Only the exhalant siphon is present. The branchial siphon is reduced, and only a branchial mantle opening is present. The inhalant water current enters via the branchial opening which has no tubular extension. The outer demibranch and inner demibranch are present (
<figureCitation id="134A2A24182AFFE73FA1F8FAA5C81E1F" box="[647,727,1865,1889]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[113,178,771,795]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetId="figure-55@17.[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Anatomy of siphons and gills of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (B) siphon of Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) siphon of Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) siphon of Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Tyumen Region); (E) siphon of Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) siphon of Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River); (G) gill with embryos of E. casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (H) gills with embryos of P.amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (I) gills with embryos of S. lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220104/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
). At the same time, the gills are characterized by a certain reduction of the outer demibranch (always shorter than the inner one) (
<figureCitation id="134A2A24182AFFE73DE2F814A60C1EC1" box="[196,275,1959,1983]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="17.[113,178,771,795]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetId="figure-55@17.[114,1458,143,743]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 7. Anatomy of siphons and gills of representatives of the genera in the subfamily Sphaeriinae: (A) Euglesa casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (B) siphon of Hindupisidium nevillianum (Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C) siphon of Conventus conventus (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D) siphon of Pisidium amnicum (Russia, Tyumen Region); (E) siphon of Sphaerium corneum (Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island); (F) siphon of Sphaerium lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River); (G) gill with embryos of E. casertana (Russia, Vaigach Island); (H) gills with embryos of P.amnicum (Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (I) gills with embryos of S. lacustre (Russia, Irkutsk Region, Angara River). Photos:O.V.Aksenova. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220104/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0E6629182AFFE73DA7FAE0A4941CA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13220100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" startId="16.[129,194,1363,1387]" targetBox="[129,1473,146,1335]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCE36A1182AFFE73DA7FAE0A4941CA3" blockId="16.[129,1465,1363,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73DA7FAE0A7C61C13" bold="true" box="[129,217,1363,1388]" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Teeth morphology and shell pores of representatives of the genera in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE73ECDFAE7A3411C13" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1855" box="[1003,1118,1364,1388]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sphaeriinae">Sphaeriinae</taxonomicName>
: (A)
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE739A9FAE7A2311C14" baseAuthorityName="Poli" baseAuthorityYear="1791" box="[1167,1326,1364,1388]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Euglesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="casertana">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE739A9FAE7A2311C14" box="[1167,1326,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Euglesa casertana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Russia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Yamal Peninsula); (B)
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE73F8FFAC3A4BF1CF7" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[681,928,1392,1416]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Hindupisidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nevillianum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73F8FFAC3A4BF1CF7" box="[681,928,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Hindupisidium nevillianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Myanmar, Inle Lake); (C)
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE7398CFAC3A27B1CF8" baseAuthorityName="Clessin" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1194,1380,1392,1415]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Conventus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conventus">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE7398CFAC3A27B1CF8" box="[1194,1380,1392,1415]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Conventus conventus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Novaya Zemlya); (D)
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE73F38FA3FA5D91CDC" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[542,710,1420,1444]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amnicum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73F38FA3FA5D91CDC" box="[542,710,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Pisidium amnicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Russia, Nenets Autonomus Okrug, Vashutkiny Lakes); (E)
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE73823FA3FA2A61CDC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1285,1465,1420,1444]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Sphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="corneum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73823FA3FA2A61CDC" box="[1285,1465,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Sphaerium corneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, Bolshoy Solovetsky Island). Photos: O.V. Aksenova. Scale bars: teeth—0.5 mm; pores—20 µm. The left-hand, central column—right and left valves, respectively; the right-hand column—pores.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A1182AFFE73E1FF9FDA3D21FF9" blockId="16.[825,1474,1614,1670]" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73E1FF9FDA3081F19" box="[825,1047,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Reproductive biology:</emphasis>
Synchronous brooders (embryos are developing within a distinct brood sac).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A1182AFFE73E1FF91EA4861E5C" blockId="16.[825,1474,1709,1984]" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73E1FF91EA4A11FBA" box="[825,958,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Distribution:</emphasis>
This taxon embraces no less than three valid species, whose ranges encompass Europe, Siberia, the (Russian Far East, and North America (
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE739B2F958A2591E7C" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1172,1350,1771,1795]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dubium">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE739B2F958A2591E7C" box="[1172,1350,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Pisidium dubium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="134A2A24182AFFE7384EF958A2A51E7B" box="[1384,1466,1771,1796]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1527,1551]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetId="figure-136@13.[114,1458,144,1499]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 3. Maps of approximate geographic distribution of six genera of the Sphaeriinae in the world based on available 16S rRNA sequences: (A) Sphaerium; (B) Euglesa; (C) Pisidium s.s.; (D) Odhneripisiduim; (E) Hindupisidium; (F) Conventus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220090/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6F3031A182AFFE73E1FF8B8A4981E5C" box="[825,903,1803,1827]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="7.[108,163,458,483]" captionText="Table 1. Global taxonomic review of the subfamily Sphaeriinae (N/A—not available)" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36A1182AFFE63E73F899A7F01EA8" blockId="16.[825,1474,1709,1984]" lastBlockId="17.[113,765,1889,2007]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">
Аccording to
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B50182AFFE73EC9F899A2341E3D" author="Graf DL &amp; Cummings KS" box="[1007,1323,1834,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" refId="ref26864" refString="Graf DL, Cummings KS. The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and Other Less Consequential Bivalves), updated 14 Febrary 2023, 2023. MUSSEL Project Web Site. Available at: http: // www. musselproject. net /" type="url" year="2023">Graf and Cummings (2023)</bibRefCitation>
and Vinarski and Kantor (2016),
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE73910F8F9A3A61E1E" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[1078,1209,1866,1889]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amnicum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73910F8F9A3A61E1E" box="[1078,1209,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">P. amnicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widespread in the Palearctic being distributed from Europe to the
<collectingRegion id="49B5F843182AFFE7381BF8DAA2641EFE" box="[1341,1403,1897,1921]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">Amur</collectingRegion>
Basin. However, the number of available sequences from GenBank for
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182AFFE73E79F81BA4C71EC0" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[863,984,1960,1983]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="321" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amnicum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182AFFE73E79F81BA4C71EC0" box="[863,984,1960,1983]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="321">P. amnicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very restricted, and records of this species from other regions could not be excluded. The range of
<taxonomicName id="4C714D22182BFFE63FCFF8D1A7C81EE7" authorityName="Westerlund" authorityYear="1897" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="17" pageNumber="322" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dilatatum">
<emphasis id="B905EAB3182BFFE63FCFF8D1A7C81EE7" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">P. dilatatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
covers North Europe, Siberia (Yamal Peninsula and Yakutia), and the Russian Far East (
<collectingRegion id="49B5F843182BFFE63F52F813A5EA1EC7" box="[628,757,1952,1976]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B5F843182BFFE63D57F80CA7FC1EA8" box="[113,227,1983,2007]" country="Russia" name="Chukotka" pageId="17" pageNumber="322">Chukotka</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:identifier id="A9635F2D048B95013144C83295461CB7" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad140</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7895F35E2F58FEC54CD13103F298D239" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D5381C7026E63C4890BBD7B1B4942F3B" type="Zenodo-Dep">13220046</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF0D423C5321FA67CCED13F2CA9B9678" type="ZooBank">F6E6171-16B7-43DA-A064-6D13AFD99FC1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9C126744BA6AFFF0FC1290C7DBCCC4EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13220042" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C126744BA6AFFF0FC1290C7DBCCC4EE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C126744BA6AFFF0FC1290C7DBCCC4EE" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<subSubSection id="5CA185D9BA6AFFF2FC1290C7DA0CC28C" box="[961,1338,1171,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF2FC1290C7DA0CC28C" blockId="5.[961,1338,1171,1198]" box="[961,1338,1171,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<heading id="4F4C613EBA6AFFF2FC1290C7DA0CC28C" bold="true" box="[961,1338,1171,1198]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" reason="2">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FC1290C7DA0CC28C" bold="true" box="[961,1338,1171,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6AFFF2FC1290C7DBDFC28C" ID-CoL="BV3MC" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[961,1257,1171,1198]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kaireiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FC1290C7DBDFC28C" bold="true" box="[961,1257,1171,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Branchinotogluma kaireiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA6AFFF2FB3D90C0DA0CC28C" box="[1262,1338,1172,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CA185D9BA6AFFF0FB849097DBCCC4EE" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" type="description">
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF2FB849097DB93C2FF" blockId="5.[1111,1189,1219,1245]" box="[1111,1189,1219,1245]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FB849097DB93C2FF" bold="true" box="[1111,1189,1219,1245]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
(
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6AFFF2FBB29097DBACC2FF" box="[1121,1178,1219,1245]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF2FCEA9157DB94C319" blockId="5.[825,1474,1283,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FCEA9157DB1EC339" box="[825,1064,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="602ADA50BA6AFFF2FB9A9157DBA9C319" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="601DEC87BA6AFFF2FA989157DBA9C319" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">3481E7B6- 372B-44B0-967A-5023DF37F339</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF2FC869116DA29C378" blockId="5.[825,1474,1283,1370]" box="[853,1311,1346,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6AFFF2FC869116DB1FC378" box="[853,1065,1346,1370]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FC869116DB3EC378" box="[853,1032,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Branchinotogluma</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
CIR—
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6AFFF2FBA69116DA2FC378" author="Zhou Y &amp; Chen C &amp; Zhang D" box="[1141,1305,1346,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" pagination="2858 - 70" refId="ref13789" refString="Zhou Y, Chen C, Zhang D et al. Delineating biogeographic regions in Indian Ocean deep-sea vents and implications for conservation. Diversity and Distribution 2022; 28: 2858 - 70." type="journal article" year="2022">
Zhou
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FB619117DBD7C378" box="[1202,1249,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF2FCEA91D2DA4EC05A" blockId="5.[825,1474,1413,1656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FCEA91D2DCA9C3BF" box="[825,927,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Large-sized (about
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FB7991D1DA31C3BF" box="[1194,1287,1413,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
in maximum)
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6AFFF2FCEA91F1DCDAC39F" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[825,1004,1445,1469]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FCEA91F1DCDAC39F" box="[825,1004,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Branchinotogluma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 10 pairs of elytra and arborescent branchiae on segments 321. Seven pairs of short, ventral papillae on segments 1117 on female; four pairs of well-developed ventral papillae present on segments 1215, and two pairs of ventral lamellae on segments 16 and 17 on male. Notopodia without bracts. Pharynx with three dorsal and two ventral papillae and a pair of rounded lateral papillae surrounding the opening.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF2FCEA92F0DB97C09E" blockId="5.[825,1185,1700,1724]" box="[825,1185,1700,1724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FCEA92F0DC8DC09E" box="[825,955,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6AFFF2FCEA92F0DC5FC099" box="[825,873,1700,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
Kairei vent field, CIR.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6AFFF0FCEA92B3DFDBC6E5" blockId="5.[825,1475,1767,1979]" lastBlockId="7.[129,777,144,200]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6AFFF2FCEA92B3DCF0C0DD" box="[825,966,1767,1791]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">Type material:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6AFFF2FC1992B3DB1BC0DD" box="[970,1069,1767,1791]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(NSMT-Pol_P-921): female,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FA8892B3DAF4C0DC" box="[1371,1474,1767,1791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.822" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="38.22">38.22 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FC4F9352DB35C13F" box="[924,1027,1798,1822]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.072" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="20.72">20.72 mm</quantity>
in width, Kairei vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6AFFF2FAC39352DA52C13C" box="[1296,1380,1798,1822]" degrees="25.32" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" precision="555" value="-25.32">25.32°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6AFFF2FABF9352DA89C13C" box="[1388,1471,1798,1822]" degrees="70.04" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" precision="555" value="70.04">70.04°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FCEA9371DCBCC11F" box="[825,906,1829,1853]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.434" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="m" value="2434.0">2434 m</quantity>
deep), CIR, Dive 1450,
<date id="6005F092BA6AFFF2FB5F9371DA7CC11F" box="[1164,1354,1829,1853]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" value="2016-02-14">14 February 2016</date>
.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6AFFF2FA879372DA98C11C" box="[1364,1454,1830,1854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1 (NSMT-Pol_P-922): female,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FBBC9311DBF8C17E" box="[1135,1230,1861,1885]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.63" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="8.63">8.63 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FA969311DA92C17E" box="[1349,1444,1861,1885]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="4.02">4.02 mm</quantity>
in width, same collecting data as holotype.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6AFFF2FB3D9330DA7EC15E" box="[1262,1352,1892,1916]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2 (NSMTPol_P-923): male,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FBD793D7DB47C1B9" box="[1028,1137,1923,1947]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="12.25">12.25 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6AFFF2FB3893D7DA6EC1B9" box="[1259,1368,1923,1947]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.393" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="13.93">13.93 mm</quantity>
in width, same collecting data as holotype.
<materialsCitation id="A4D3DC0FBA6AFFF0FB7493F7DFDCC6E5" collectingDate="2022-05-30" collectionCode="RSIO" elevation="2970" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="297" latitude="6.36" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="60.53" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" specimenCode="RSIO72112" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6AFFF2FB7493F7DA37C199" box="[1191,1281,1955,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
3, (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6AFFF2FAE393F7DA8EC199" box="[1328,1464,1955,1979]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="5" pageNumber="295">RSIO72112</specimenCode>
): Wocan vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA68FFF0FEEA94C4DEB0C68A" box="[313,390,144,168]" degrees="6.36" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" precision="555" value="6.36">6.36°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA68FFF0FE4394C4DED4C68A" box="[400,482,144,168]" degrees="60.53" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" precision="555" value="60.53">60.53°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA68FFF0FE3F94C4DD0DC685" box="[492,571,144,168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" unit="m" value="2970.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA68FFF0FE3F94C4DD0DC685" box="[492,571,144,168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" unit="m" value="2970.0">2970 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep), Dive 211,
<date id="6005F092BA68FFF0FD3C94C4DFDCC6E5" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" value="2022-05-30">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA68FFF0FD3C94C4DFDCC6E5" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" value="2022-05-30">30 May 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="40C486DABA69FFF1FFA29291DA51C1D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="296" startId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" targetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="1404D652BA69FFF1FFA29291DAA2C0FF" blockId="6.[113,1455,1733,2038]" box="[113,1428,1733,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA69FFF1FFA29291DFF2C0FC" bold="true" box="[113,196,1733,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="296">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA69FFF1FF149292DE88C0FC" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[199,446,1734,1758]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="296" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kaireiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA69FFF1FF149292DE88C0FC" box="[199,446,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="296">Branchinotogluma kaireiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA69FFF1FE129292DD35C0FF" box="[449,515,1734,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="296" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); right elytron from segment 7
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA69FFF1FFA292B6DA51C1D4" blockId="6.[113,1455,1733,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="296">of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624, female) in dorsal (C) view; branchiae and segments 18 and 19 in dorsal (D) view of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624; head and tentacular segment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623, male) in dorsal (E) view; head and anterior segment of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 in ventral (F) view; anterior view (G) of dissected pharynx with papillae marked by red arrows of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623; dorsal view (H) of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624; posterior segments on paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral view (I); ventral papillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral (J) view. Posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia on segments 2 (K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M, left parapodia from segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 in anterior view (upper position) and in posterior view (lower position); posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia on segment 21(N) of paratype NSMTPol_1623.OQ, holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O, notochaetae of segment 16 on the left; P, supraacicular neurochaetae of segment 5 on the right; Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment 16 on the left.R, lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment 21 on the right of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623. Scale bars: A, B = 1cm, C, D, G, H, I = 1mm, E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm, J = 1.5mm; K, L, M = 1.5 mm, N = 1.0 mm, O = 100 μm, P, Q, R = 10 μm.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FF5294BDDC32C47B" blockId="7.[128,778,233,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FF5294BDDFC1C722" box="[129,247,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Description:</emphasis>
Body short, 21 segments, spindle-shaped, slightly tapered anteriorly and posteriorly, flattened ventrally, and arched dorsally (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF329573DE74C71D" box="[225,322,295,319]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
). Elytra 10 pairs, on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19, large, imbricated, rounded, or subreniform, iridescent when fresh and pale white in ethanol (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD759532DDC0C75C" box="[678,758,358,382]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
); elytrophores long, cylindrical (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE0095D1DD13C7BF" box="[467,549,389,413]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). Branchiae arborescent, with very short, terminal filaments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FDE695F1DDB5C79F" box="[565,643,421,445]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
), present on segments 321, larger on middle segments than on anterior and posterior ones; branchiae separated into two clusters, with one attached to the lateral side of dorsal tubercles or elytrophore (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF589676DFC5C41B" box="[139,243,546,570]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4D, L</figureCitation>
) and the other at the bases of notopodia (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD649676DFA1C47B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4D, M</figureCitation>
), which may be absent from the last two segments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD7B9615DDC2C47B" box="[680,756,577,601]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FF4F9635DE84C20D" blockId="7.[128,778,233,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
Prostomium deeply bilobed, anterior lobes subtriangular with frontal filaments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FEE996D4DEB4C4BA" box="[314,386,640,664]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
). Middle antenna inserted in anterior notch, with cylindrical ceratophore extending to tips of anterior lobes of prostomium; style long, surpassing prostomium. Eyes absent (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FED9968ADE67C4D4" box="[266,337,734,758]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
). Pair of smooth, stout, long, and tapering palps attached to lateral sides of prostomium (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FDB396A9DDF5C537" box="[608,707,765,789]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
). First achaetous segment fused to prostomium, not distinct dorsally (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF589768DFE1C576" box="[139,215,828,852]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
); two pairs of the tentacular cirri shorter and more slender than palps (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE9C970FDEA1C551" box="[335,407,859,883]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Segment 2 without bract, bearing the first pair of elytra; ventral cirri longer than following ones (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF5897CEDFC6C593" box="[139,240,922,946]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
). Mouth ventrally located between segments 1 and 2 (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF4C97EDDFD1C5F3" box="[159,231,953,977]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Pharynx, when everted, with a pair of rounded papillae at the lateral sides, three dorsal and two ventral papillae surrounding the opening; two pairs of jaws each with
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FD7197ADDD9DC232" box="[674,683,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">c</emphasis>
. 30 teeth on the inner border (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE849043DE94C20D" box="[343,418,1047,1071]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FF4F9062DD05C36B" blockId="7.[128,778,233,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
Parapodia biramous, with notopodia usually shorter than neuropodia, except on segment 2 (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE379002DD79C24C" box="[484,591,1110,1134]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4KN</figureCitation>
). Notopodia with elongate acicular lobes on lower side (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FDD49021DD9CC2AF" box="[519,682,1141,1165]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4H, I, KM</figureCitation>
), lacking in bracts; neuropodia well developed, with elongate triangular prechaetal lobe and shorter, rounded postchaetal lobe (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD3090E0DFF2C2C9" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4L, M</figureCitation>
). Dorsal cirri long, filamentous, with long, cylindrical cirrophores, attached basally to the dorsal side of notopodia on non-elytrigerous segments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE709146DEC7C308" box="[419,497,1298,1322]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4N</figureCitation>
). Ventral cirri shorter than dorsal cirri, with tapered ends (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE6C9165DD14C36A" box="[447,546,1329,1353]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4I, M</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FF4F9104DC3FC006" blockId="7.[128,778,233,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
Notochaetae stout, straight, in radiating bundles (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD429104DDCFC34A" box="[657,761,1360,1384]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4L, M</figureCitation>
), with two rows of minute spines in distal two-thirds part (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD309124DF97C385" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4O</figureCitation>
). Neurochaetae in fan-shaped bundles, numerous, slender (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF5891FADFCEC3E4" box="[139,248,1454,1478]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4L, M</figureCitation>
). Supraacicular neurochaetae straight with hooked tips and two rows of prominent spines (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FDFC919ADD4FC3C4" box="[559,633,1486,1510]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4P</figureCitation>
). Subacicular neurochaetae long, more numerous than supraacicular neurochaetae, with two rows of feather-like serrations (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FD7E9258DDCEC006" box="[685,760,1548,1572]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4Q</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FF4F9278DE3AC0A0" blockId="7.[128,778,233,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
Ventral papillae seven pairs, short, present on segments 1117 (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF07921FDE2DC041" box="[212,283,1611,1635]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Pygidium with a pair of long and slender anal cirri (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF68923EDFCDC0A0" box="[187,251,1642,1666]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FF4F92DEDBD3C724" blockId="7.[128,778,233,1980]" lastBlockId="7.[825,1474,143,262]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
On male, branchiae present on segments 316. Ventral papillae four pairs, present on segments 1215, well-developed, with tapered ends (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE8B929CDEA8C0C2" box="[344,414,1736,1760]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4J</figureCitation>
); ventral lamellae two pairs, present on segments 16 and 17. Segment 19 modified with much smaller elytrophores and smaller elytra; notochaetae similar to that on previous ones; neurochaetae numerous with two rows of widely-spaced, long spines beginning subdistally and extending to tips. Segments 20 and 21 fused ventrally, strongly modified (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FF5893D0DFFAC1BE" box="[139,204,1924,1948]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
); notopodial acicular lobes fused to long cirrophores of dorsal cirri, with a few notochaetae (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FE2A93F7DD70C19E" box="[505,582,1955,1980]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4N</figureCitation>
); neuropodia with elongated post-acicular lobes, ventral cirri long, extending to the end of neuropodia (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FBC394FBDB56C6E5" box="[1040,1120,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4N</figureCitation>
); neurochaetae long and slender, with two rows of prominent spines beginning subdistally on both sides and extending to tips (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA68FFF0FB5F94B9DBE2C724" box="[1164,1236,237,262]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[113,174,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-7@6.[114,1458,144,1705]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4.Branchinotogluma kaireiensissp.nov.Holotype(NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (A) andventral views (B); rightelytron from segment7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624,female) indorsal (C)view;branchiaeandsegments 18 and 19 indorsal (D) viewof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;head and tentacularsegment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623,male) in dorsal(E)view;head andanterior segmentof holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 inventral (F) view;anteriorview (G)of dissected pharynx withpapillae marked byredarrowsof paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623;dorsal view(H)of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;posterior segmentson paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 inventral view (I); ventralpapillae on segment 1316 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral(J) view.Posteriorview(upperposition)and anterior view(lowerposition) of rightparapodia on segments 2(K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624;M,left parapodiafrom segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624in anterior view(upperposition)and in posterior view (lower position);posteriorview (upperposition) and anteriorview (lower position)of right parapodiaon segment21(N) of paratype NSMT- Pol_1623.OQ,holotype NSMT-Pol_1624.O,notochaetaeof segment 16 on the left;P,supraacicular neurochaetae of segment5 on the right;Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment16 on the left.R,lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment21 on the right of paratypeNSMT-Pol_1623. Scalebars:A,B = 1cm,C, D, G,H,I = 1mm,E = 0.5mm,F = 2mm,J = 1.5mm; K,L,M = 1.5 mm,N = 1.0mm,O = 100μm,P,Q, R = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220054/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Fig. 4R</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FCEA9573DCE0C77C" blockId="7.[825,1474,295,350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FCEA9573DC9EC71D" box="[825,936,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Etymology:</emphasis>
The species is named after the
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA68FFF0FB249573DA13C71D" box="[1271,1317,295,319]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">type</typeStatus>
locality, Kairei vent field, CIR.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FCEA952BDB9BC795" blockId="7.[825,1474,383,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FCEA952BDC81C7B5" box="[825,951,383,407]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Distribution:</emphasis>
The species is currently known from Kairei vent field, CIR and Wocan vent field, CR.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA68FFF0FCEA958CDBCCC4EE" blockId="7.[825,1475,472,716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FCEA958CDBFBC7D2" box="[825,1229,472,496]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">
Remarks:
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA68FFF0FC74958CDBFBC7D2" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[935,1229,472,496]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kaireiensis" status="sp. nov.">Branchinotogluma kaireiensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA68FFF0FB0E958DDA04C7D2" box="[1245,1330,473,496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be distinguished from most congeners by having seven pairs of short, rounded, ventral papillae on females. On this basis,
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA68FFF0FCEA9662DB56C46C" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[825,1120,566,590]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kaireiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FCEA9662DB56C46C" box="[825,1120,566,590]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">Branchinotogluma kaireiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA68FFF0FBBC9663DBF3C46C" box="[1135,1221,567,590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA68FFF0FA7D9663DB60C44C" authority="Pettiboneae, 1989" authorityName="Pettiboneae" authorityYear="1989" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burkensis">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FA7D9663DCA2C44F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">B. burkensis</emphasis>
Pettiboneae, 1989
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA68FFF0FB5F9602DA88C44C" authority="Wu et al., 2019" authorityName="Wu" authorityYear="2019" box="[1164,1470,597,622]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettiboneae">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FB5F9602DA20C44F" box="[1164,1302,597,621]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">B. pettiboneae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA68FFF0FACD9602DA88C44C" author="Wu X &amp; Zhan Z &amp; Xu K" box="[1310,1470,597,622]" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" refId="ref13411" refString="Wu X, Zhan Z, Xu K. Two new and two rarely known species of Branchinotogluma (Annelida: Polynoidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the Manus Back-Arc basin, with remarks on the diversity and biogeography of vent polynoids. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 2019; 149: 103051." type="journal volume" year="2019">
Wu
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FA999602DA43C44F" box="[1354,1397,597,621]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, both with seven pairs short ventral papillae on females. The new species can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA68FFF0FB4596C1DA3CC48E" authorityName="Pettiboneae" authorityYear="1989" box="[1174,1290,660,684]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Branchinotogluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burkensis">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FB4596C1DA3CC48E" box="[1174,1290,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">B. burkensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA68FFF0FAE896C1DAF4C48E" box="[1339,1474,660,684]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettiboneae">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA68FFF0FAE896C1DAF4C48E" box="[1339,1474,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="297">B. pettiboneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lacking notopodial bracts in all segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
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<mods:title id="063AA7A42EEFE368FA18155A2A10475C">Diversity and biogeography of scale worms in the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae (Annelida: Polynoidae) from Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents with descriptions of four new species</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="5CA185D9BA6DFFF5FC119224DA2DC0A9" box="[962,1307,1648,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6DFFF5FC119224DA2DC0A9" blockId="2.[962,1307,1648,1675]" box="[962,1307,1648,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
<heading id="4F4C613EBA6DFFF5FC119224DA2DC0A9" bold="true" box="[962,1307,1648,1675]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" reason="2">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FC119224DA2DC0A9" bold="true" box="[962,1307,1648,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6DFFF5FC119224DBFCC0A9" ID-CoL="BV3M5" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[962,1226,1648,1675]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettiboneae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FC119224DBFCC0A9" bold="true" box="[962,1226,1648,1675]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">Levensteiniella pettiboneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA6DFFF5FB1C9225DA2DC0A9" box="[1231,1307,1649,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="5CA185D9BA6DFFF3FB9492F7DC48C780" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" type="description">
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6DFFF5FB9492F7DBA0C09F" blockId="2.[1095,1174,1699,1725]" box="[1095,1174,1699,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FB9492F7DBA0C09F" bold="true" box="[1095,1174,1699,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
(
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6DFFF5FB8192F7DBBDC09F" box="[1106,1163,1699,1725]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6DFFF5FCF992B7DBBBC138" blockId="2.[810,1458,1763,1850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FCF992B7DB25C0D9" box="[810,1043,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="602ADA50BA6DFFF5FBFC92B7DBBFC138" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="601DEC87BA6DFFF5FAE292B7DBBFC138" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">73D3C46A-9708-436F-8C70-022D17950010</uuid>
</uri>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6DFFF5FC969376DBEBC11B" blockId="2.[810,1458,1763,1850]" box="[837,1245,1826,1850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6DFFF5FC969376DC8EC118" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1856" box="[837,952,1826,1850]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Polynoidae</taxonomicName>
indet. #4—
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6DFFF5FBE09376DBE1C118" author="Zhou Y &amp; Chen C &amp; Zhang D" box="[1075,1239,1826,1850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="292" pagination="2858 - 70" refId="ref13789" refString="Zhou Y, Chen C, Zhang D et al. Delineating biogeographic regions in Indian Ocean deep-sea vents and implications for conservation. Diversity and Distribution 2022; 28: 2858 - 70." type="journal article" year="2022">
Zhou
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FBA39377DBA9C118" box="[1136,1183,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6DFFF4FCF99308DD2AC04F" blockId="2.[810,1459,1883,1970]" lastBlockId="3.[129,777,1589,1645]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FCF99308DCA6C151" box="[810,912,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Moderate-sized
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<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6DFFF5FBEA930FDBF0C151" box="[1081,1222,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="292">Levensteiniella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with oval prostomium; iridescent elytra 11 pairs, with micropapillae on posterior and lateral border; 10 pairs of inconspicuous rounded ventral papillae on segments 1120 on female; two pairs of long ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 on male.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1404D652BA6CFFF4FF529111DBEAC024" blockId="3.[129,1466,1349,1542]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6CFFF4FF529111DFEEC37F" bold="true" box="[129,216,1349,1373]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6CFFF4FF0E9111DEFFC37F" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,457,1349,1373]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettiboneae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6CFFF4FF0E9111DEFFC37F" box="[221,457,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">Levensteiniella pettiboneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA6CFFF4FE1D9112DD23C37F" box="[462,533,1350,1373]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217. Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6CFFF4FF5292DBDD1DC084" blockId="3.[129,555,1678,1702]" box="[129,555,1678,1702]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">
<materialsCitation id="A4D3DC0FBA6CFFF4FF5292DBDD11C084" box="[129,551,1678,1702]" collectionCode="SWIR" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6CFFF4FF5292DBDE35C084" box="[129,259,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FF5292DBDF87C084" box="[129,177,1679,1702]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
Tiancheng vent field,
<collectionCode id="72AA4E97BA6CFFF4FE3092DADD11C084" box="[483,551,1678,1702]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">SWIR</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6CFFF4FF529285DBF3C1E7" blockId="3.[129,777,1744,1987]" lastBlockId="3.[825,1475,1589,1989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6CFFF4FF529285DE22C0CA" box="[129,276,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="A4D3DC0FBA6CFFF4FECF9284DBF7C1E7" collectingDate="2014-12-23" collectingDateMax="2017-03-14" collectingDateMin="2014-12-23" collectionCode="SWIR" elevation="2760" latitude="-23.88" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="69.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" specimenCode="RSIO35217, RSIO35219, RSIO35221, RSIO35222, RSIO35290, RSIO38129" specimenCount="7" typeStatus="paratype">
Holytype (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6CFFF4FE439284DD2CC0CA" box="[400,538,1744,1768]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">RSIO35217</specimenCode>
): female, 25 segments,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FF5292BBDFC4C125" box="[129,242,1775,1799]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="13.97">13.97 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FEAA92BBDEE8C125" box="[377,478,1775,1799]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="6.95">6.95 mm</quantity>
in width, Tiancheng vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FF11935ADE21C104" box="[194,279,1806,1830]" degrees="27.95" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="-27.95">27.95°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FEFB935ADE4AC104" box="[296,380,1806,1830]" degrees="63.53" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="63.53">63.53°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FE5F935BDED5C104" box="[396,483,1807,1831]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.76" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2760.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA6CFFF4FE5F935BDED5C104" box="[396,483,1807,1831]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.76" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2760.0">2760 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep),
<collectionCode id="72AA4E97BA6CFFF4FDEE935BDDB7C105" box="[573,641,1807,1831]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">SWIR</collectionCode>
, Dive87,
<date id="6005F092BA6CFFF4FD3C935BDE06C164" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2014-12-23">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA6CFFF4FD3C935BDE06C164" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2014-12-23">23 December 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FEED937ADEACC164" box="[318,410,1838,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1 (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6CFFF4FE16937ADD79C164" box="[453,591,1838,1862]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">RSIO35219</specimenCode>
): female, 25 segments,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FF029319DE04C147" box="[209,306,1869,1893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.43" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="6.43">6.43 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FE7C9319DD39C147" box="[431,527,1869,1893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.64" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="4.64">4.64 mm</quantity>
in width, Longqi vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FF119339DE21C1A7" box="[194,279,1901,1925]" degrees="37.78" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="-37.78">37.78°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FEFB9338DE4AC1A6" box="[296,380,1900,1924]" degrees="49.65" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="49.65">49.65°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FE5F9339DED5C1A6" box="[396,483,1901,1925]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2740.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA6CFFF4FE5F9339DED5C1A6" box="[396,483,1901,1925]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2740.0">2740 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep),
<collectionCode id="72AA4E97BA6CFFF4FDEE9339DDB7C1A7" box="[573,641,1901,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">SWIR</collectionCode>
, Dive100,
<date id="6005F092BA6CFFF4FD2F9339DE2AC186" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2015-02-03">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA6CFFF4FD2F9339DE2AC186" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2015-02-03">3 February 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FEF693D8DEB7C186" box="[293,385,1932,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2 (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6CFFF4FE7293D8DD1CC186" box="[417,554,1932,1956]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">RSIO35221</specimenCode>
): male, part segments remaining,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FF2E93FFDE69C1E1" box="[253,351,1963,1987]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.42" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="5.42">5.42 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FE3393FFDD75C1E1" box="[480,579,1963,1987]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.48" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="3.48">3.48 mm</quantity>
in width, Longqi vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FC7C9261DB32C06F" box="[943,1028,1589,1613]" degrees="37.78" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="-37.78">37.78°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FBC09261DB51C06F" box="[1043,1127,1589,1613]" degrees="49.65" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="49.65">49.65°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FBA69261DBFFC06F" box="[1141,1225,1589,1613]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2740.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA6CFFF4FBA69261DBFFC06F" box="[1141,1225,1589,1613]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2740.0">2740 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep),
<collectionCode id="72AA4E97BA6CFFF4FACD9261DA54C06F" box="[1310,1378,1589,1613]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">SWIR</collectionCode>
, Dive90,
<date id="6005F092BA6CFFF4FCEA9201DCD6C04E" box="[825,992,1620,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2015-01-03">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA6CFFF4FCEA9201DCD6C04E" box="[825,992,1620,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2015-01-03">3 January 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FC3D9201DB7CC04F" box="[1006,1098,1621,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
3 (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6CFFF4FBA19200DBCAC04E" box="[1138,1276,1620,1644]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">RSIO35222</specimenCode>
): female, part segments remaining,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FC249220DB62C0A9" box="[1015,1108,1652,1676]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.18" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="3.18">3.18 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FB169220DA14C0A9" box="[1221,1314,1652,1676]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.43" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="3.43">3.43 mm</quantity>
in width, same collecting data as paratype 2.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FBA492C0DBE5C08E" box="[1143,1235,1684,1708]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
4 (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6CFFF4FB2492C7DAB4C089" box="[1271,1410,1683,1707]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">RSIO35290</specimenCode>
):
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FA4692C7DC54C0E8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.91" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="4.91">4.91 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FC0492E6DB03C0E8" box="[983,1077,1714,1738]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="2.55">2.55 mm</quantity>
in width, Longqi vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FABB92E7DA8BC0E9" box="[1384,1469,1715,1739]" degrees="37.78" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="-37.78">37.78°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FCEA9286DCB8C0C8" box="[825,910,1746,1770]" degrees="49.65" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="49.65">49.65°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FC4D9286DCC3C0CB" box="[926,1013,1746,1770]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2740.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA6CFFF4FC4D9286DCC3C0CB" box="[926,1013,1746,1770]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2740.0">2740 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep),
<collectionCode id="72AA4E97BA6CFFF4FB839286DBA2C0C8" box="[1104,1172,1746,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">SWIR</collectionCode>
, Dive94,
<date id="6005F092BA6CFFF4FAD79286DA88C0C8" box="[1284,1470,1746,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2015-01-11">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA6CFFF4FAD79286DA88C0C8" box="[1284,1470,1746,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2015-01-11">11 January 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FCEA92A6DCA3C128" box="[825,917,1778,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
5 (
<specimenCode id="441D7E29BA6CFFF4FC1392A5DB7CC12B" box="[960,1098,1777,1801]" collectionCode="RSIO" pageId="3" pageNumber="293">RSIO38129</specimenCode>
): female,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FB6692A5DA21C12B" box="[1205,1303,1777,1801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.58" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="7.58">7.58 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FA4692A5DC54C10A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.01" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="5.01">5.01 mm</quantity>
in width, Wocan vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FB799344DBCFC10A" box="[1194,1273,1808,1832]" degrees="6.36" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="6.36">6.36°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FADA9344DA6BC10A" box="[1289,1373,1808,1832]" degrees="69.60" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="69.6">69.60°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FABE9345DAF7C10A" box="[1389,1473,1809,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2970.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA6CFFF4FABE9345DAF7C10A" box="[1389,1473,1809,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2970.0">2970 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep), CR, Dive129,
<date id="6005F092BA6CFFF4FBFA9364DBE1C16A" box="[1065,1239,1840,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2017-03-14">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA6CFFF4FBFA9364DBE1C16A" box="[1065,1239,1840,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2017-03-14">14 March 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FB359364DA74C16A" box="[1254,1346,1840,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
6 (NSMTPol_P-920): female, 25 segments,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FB4E931BDBCFC145" box="[1181,1273,1871,1895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.42" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="7.42">7.42 mm</quantity>
in length,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FAB5931BDAF4C145" box="[1382,1474,1871,1895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.66" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="4.66">4.66 mm</quantity>
in width, Edmond vent field (
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FBBF933BDBF7C1A5" box="[1132,1217,1903,1927]" degrees="23.88" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="-23.88">23.88°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="718FB095BA6CFFF4FB1F933ADA16C1A4" box="[1228,1312,1902,1926]" degrees="69.60" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" precision="555" value="69.6">69.60°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6CFFF4FAF9933BDA4CC1A4" box="[1322,1402,1903,1927]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2769999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="3277.0">
<elevation id="9F963161BA6CFFF4FAF9933BDA4CC1A4" box="[1322,1402,1903,1927]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2769999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="3277.0">3277 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep), CIR, Dive1451,
<date id="6005F092BA6CFFF4FC3E93DADB84C184" box="[1005,1202,1934,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2016-02-15">
<collectingDate id="7041097ABA6CFFF4FC3E93DADB84C184" box="[1005,1202,1934,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" value="2016-02-15">15 February 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
. All
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6CFFF4FB3593DADA7DC184" box="[1254,1355,1934,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
were fixed and stored in 95100% (v/v) ethanol
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FFA294C5DEE0C767" blockId="4.[113,763,144,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FFA294C5DFDEC68A" box="[113,232,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Description:</emphasis>
Body short, tapering anteriorly and posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FFAF94FBDFD5C6E5" box="[124,227,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
). Elytra 11 pairs, subreniform (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FDE194FBDD48C6E5" box="[562,638,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
), iridescent when fresh and pale white in ethanol, attached on prominent elytrophores on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, alternating to 21 (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FD7394BADDDFC724" box="[672,745,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), with micropapillae on posterior and lateral border, which can only be seen under SEM (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FEA99579DEF3C767" box="[378,453,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FF5E9518DE65C55B" blockId="4.[113,763,144,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
Prostomium oval, deeply bilobed (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FE2C9518DD7FC746" box="[511,585,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). Anterior lobes subtriangle, with delicate frontal filaments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FD95953FDDA7C7A1" box="[582,657,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). Median antenna with short, cylindrical ceratophore inserted into anterior notch; style subulate, with a long, terminal filament (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FFAF959DDFF1C7C3" box="[124,199,457,481]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). Palps stout, cylindrical, and tapering with terminal filaments. Eyes lacking (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FEA495BDDEE9C422" box="[375,479,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2E, F</figureCitation>
). First segment achaetous ventrally fused to prostomium, with two pairs of short, cylindrical tentaculophores; tentacular cirri conical, long, and stout with slender filaments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FE7D9612DD23C47C" box="[430,533,582,607]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2E, F</figureCitation>
). Segment 2 with biramous parapodia bearing the first pair of elytra (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FD499632DDD1C45C" box="[666,743,614,638]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
); ventral cirri morphologically similar to tentacular cirri and attached basally to neuropodia, much longer than ventral cirri on following segments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FE509690DEE5C4FE" box="[387,467,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Mouth ventrally located between segments 1 and 2 (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FE7396B7DEDDC4D9" box="[416,491,739,763]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Pharynx when everted, surrounded by seven pairs of papillae on dorsal and ventral sides, as well as one pair of rounded papillae on lateral sides (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FFAF9715DFFDC57B" box="[124,203,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
). Two pairs of curved jaws without teeth at opening of pharynx (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FF279734DE74C55B" box="[244,322,864,889]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FF5E97D4DEA7C2F3" blockId="4.[113,763,144,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
Biramous parapodia with neuropodium about as long as notopodium (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FED297CBDE57C595" box="[257,353,927,951]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2K, L</figureCitation>
). Notopodium with rows of notochaetae (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FFAF97EADFD3C5F4" box="[124,229,958,983]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2H, L</figureCitation>
). Neuropodium with triangle projecting prechaetal lobe (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FF62978ADFCCC5D4" box="[177,250,990,1014]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
) and short, rounded postchaetal lobe (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FD4E978ADDDCC5D4" box="[669,746,990,1014]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2K</figureCitation>
). Tapering dorsal cirri with long, cylindrical cirrophores attached on posterior dorsal side of notopodia on non-elytrigerous segments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FF359068DE6DC271" box="[230,347,1084,1108]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2H, K</figureCitation>
). Rows of notochaetae stout, tapering to pointed tips with serrations in distal part (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FDA1900FDDDCC251" box="[626,746,1115,1139]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2L, M</figureCitation>
). Neurochaetae very numerous, forming fan-shaped bundle (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FD07902EDF9FC293" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2K, L</figureCitation>
) with two rows of widely-spaced acicular spines to hooked tips on both sides (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FEE790EDDEB6C2F3" box="[308,384,1209,1233]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2N</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FF5E908CDD57C36C" blockId="4.[113,763,144,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
Pygidium small, rounded, anal cirri lost during collection (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FFAF90ACDFE8C32D" box="[124,222,1272,1296]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
). Ten pairs of inconspicuous rounded papillae in segments
<quantity id="D3437BB7BA6BFFF3FF669143DE39C30D" box="[181,271,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.937" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" unit="in" value="15.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="11.0">1120 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6BFFF3FEC79143DE46C30D" box="[276,368,1303,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FE539143DEF6C30D" box="[384,448,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
), which are difficult to observe on other female
<typeStatus id="CB0068F0BA6BFFF3FEC49163DE4CC36D" box="[279,378,1335,1359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
due to their small size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FF5E9102DDC7C3AF" blockId="4.[113,763,144,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
On male, two pairs of long, ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12, which extend to the following three segments (
<figureCitation id="8C80CAD7BA6BFFF3FD4C9121DDD6C3AF" box="[671,736,1397,1421]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[129,194,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-227@3.[129,1473,142,1321]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Levensteiniella pettiboneae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35217, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, D, left elytron from segment 7 of the holotype RSIO35217 in dorsal view; head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (E) view and ventral (F) view; anterior (G) view of pharynx of paratype RSIO35290; segments of paratype RSIO35219 in dorsal (H) view; ventral (I) view of female ventral papillae on segments 1216 of holotype RSIO35217; ventral (J) view of male ventral papillae on segments 11 and 12 of paratype RSIO35221; posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia from holotype RSIO35217 segment 6 (K); anterior (L) view of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; M, notochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217; N, neurochaetae of segment 6 on holotype RSIO35217.Scale bars: A, B = 5mm, C, E, F, HL = 0.5 mm, D, M = 100 μm, G = 0.1 mm, N = 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13220050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13220050/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FFA291FADFEBC027" blockId="4.[113,763,1454,1541]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FFA291FADFD7C3E4" box="[113,225,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Etymology:</emphasis>
The species is named in honour of the late Marian H. Pettibone, in recognition of her great contribution to polynoid taxonomy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FFA29278DDC7C046" blockId="4.[113,763,1580,1636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FFA29278DFD9C066" box="[113,239,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Distribution:</emphasis>
Tiancheng vent field and Longqi vent field of SWIR, Edmond vent field of CIR, and Wocan vent field of CR.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1404D652BA6BFFF3FFA292DFDC48C780" blockId="4.[113,763,1675,1981]" lastBlockId="4.[810,1459,143,418]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FFA292DFDFE3C081" box="[113,213,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Remarks:</emphasis>
Elytralandventralpapillaeareimportantdiagnostic characteristics within
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FEBF92FEDD33C0E0" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityYear="1985" box="[364,517,1706,1730]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FEBF92FEDD33C0E0" box="[364,517,1706,1730]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The combination of these two features can separate
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FE33929EDDCCC0C0" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[480,762,1738,1762]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettiboneae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FE33929EDDCCC0C0" box="[480,762,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella pettiboneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA6BFFF3FFA292BDDFFCC122" box="[113,202,1769,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from most other congeners (e.g.
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FDB192BDDEFFC102" authority="Wu and Xu, 2018" authorityName="Wu and Xu" authorityYear="2018" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="manusensis">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FDB192BDDFD0C102" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella manusensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FF26935DDEFFC102" author="Wu X &amp; Xu K" box="[245,457,1800,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="102 - 10" refId="ref13367" refString="Wu X, Xu K. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., a new polychaete species (Annelida: Polynoidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Manus Back-Arc Basin, Western Pacific. Zootaxa 2018; 4388: 102 - 10." type="journal article" year="2018">Wu and Xu, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FDDE935CDEEAC162" authority="Hourdez and Desbruyeres, 2000" authorityName="Hourdez and Desbruyeres" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FDDE935CDDCDC102" box="[525,763,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella plicata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FFA2937CDEEAC162" author="Hourdez S &amp; Desbruyeres D" box="[113,476,1832,1856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref11682" refString="Hourdez S, Desbruyeres D. A new species of scale-worm (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), Levensteiniella plicata sp. nov., from the East Pacific Rise. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 2000; 41: 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="2000">Hourdez and Desbruyères, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) except for
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FDB1937CDEA8C17D" authority="(Pettibone 1985 a)" baseAuthorityName="Pettibone" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kincaidi">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FDB1937CDFF2C17D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella kincaidi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FF089313DEA5C17D" author="Pettibone MH" box="[219,403,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="740 - 57" refId="ref12446" refString="Pettibone MH. New genera and species of deep-sea Macellicephalinae and Harmothoinae (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from the hydrothermal rift areas off the Galapagos and western Mexico at 21 ° N and from Santa Catalina Channel. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1985 a; 98: 740 - 57." type="journal article" year="1985">Pettibone 1985a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which resemble the new species in elytra-bearing micropapillae in posterior and lateral parts, and two pairs of long, ventral papillae on the male (
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FFAE93F1DE02C19F" author="Pettibone MH" box="[125,308,1957,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="740 - 57" refId="ref12446" refString="Pettibone MH. New genera and species of deep-sea Macellicephalinae and Harmothoinae (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from the hydrothermal rift areas off the Galapagos and western Mexico at 21 ° N and from Santa Catalina Channel. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1985 a; 98: 740 - 57." type="journal article" year="1985">Pettibone 1985a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FE9593F1DE4BC19F" author="Pettibone MH" box="[326,381,1957,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="137 - 53" refId="ref12581" refString="Pettibone MH. New species of scale-worms (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from the hydrothermal rift-area of the Mariana Back-arc Basin in the Western Central Pacific. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1989; 102: 137 - 53." type="journal article" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FE5E93F1DEF2C19F" author="Pettibone MH" box="[397,452,1957,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="825 - 38" refId="ref12623" refString="Pettibone MH. New species and new records of scaled polychaetes (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) fromtheAxialSeamountCalderaoftheJuan de Fuca ridge in the northeast Pacific Ocean off northern California. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1990; 103: 825 - 38." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FE0693F1DC57C68A" author="Hourdez S &amp; Desbruyeres D" box="[469,865,144,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref11682" refString="Hourdez S, Desbruyeres D. A new species of scale-worm (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), Levensteiniella plicata sp. nov., from the East Pacific Rise. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 2000; 41: 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="2000">Hourdez and Desbruyères 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FCBE94C4DC92C68A" author="Hourdez S &amp; Desbruyeres D" box="[877,932,144,168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref11724" refString="Hourdez S, Desbruyeres D. A new species of scale-worm (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), Levensteiniella iris sp nov., from the Rainbow and Lucky Strike vent fields (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). CBM-Cahiers de Biologie Marine 2003; 44: 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FC6394C4DB55C68A" author="Wu X &amp; Xu K" box="[944,1123,143,168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="102 - 10" refId="ref13367" refString="Wu X, Xu K. Levensteiniella manusensis sp. nov., a new polychaete species (Annelida: Polynoidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Manus Back-Arc Basin, Western Pacific. Zootaxa 2018; 4388: 102 - 10." type="journal article" year="2018">Wu and Xu 2018</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FBBC94DBDA02C685" author="Zhang Y &amp; Chen C &amp; Qiu JW" box="[1135,1332,143,167]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" refId="ref13559" refString="Zhang Y, Chen C, Qiu JW. Sexually dimorphic scale worms (Annelida: Polynoidae) from hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough: two new species and two new sex morphs. Frontiers in Marine Science 2018 b; 5: 112." type="journal volume" year="2018">
Zhang
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FB6994C4DBDAC685" box="[1210,1260,143,167]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">et al.</emphasis>
2018b
</bibRefCitation>
). However, the two species differ in the number of small, rounded papillae on the female (10 pairs in
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FB48949ADA85C6C4" authorityName="Han &amp; Zhou &amp; Chen &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" box="[1179,1459,206,230]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettiboneae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FB48949ADA85C6C4" box="[1179,1459,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella pettiboneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DFCB73BBA6BFFF3FCF994BADC4AC727" box="[810,892,238,261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
vs. nine pairs in
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FBE594B9DA1FC727" baseAuthorityName="Pettibone" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1078,1321,237,261]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kincaidi">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FBE594B9DA1FC727" box="[1078,1321,237,261]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella kincaidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Moreover, the number of pharyngeal papillae vary in
<taxonomicName id="D3BBADD1BA6BFFF3FAC99559DC4BC766" baseAuthorityName="Pettibone" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Levensteiniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kincaidi">
<emphasis id="26CF0A40BA6BFFF3FAC99559DC4BC766" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="294">Levensteiniella kincaidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1316, mostly seven pairs), while there is an additional pair of lateral papillae in the new species in addition to the seven pairs on the dorsal and ventral sides (
<bibRefCitation id="702AABA3BA6BFFF3FA9A953FDC5BC780" author="Pettibone MH" pageId="4" pageNumber="294" pagination="740 - 57" refId="ref12446" refString="Pettibone MH. New genera and species of deep-sea Macellicephalinae and Harmothoinae (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from the hydrothermal rift areas off the Galapagos and western Mexico at 21 ° N and from Santa Catalina Channel. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1985 a; 98: 740 - 57." type="journal article" year="1985">Pettibone 1985a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>