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<mods:title id="EF0293000E6C2A00C3C8B83A8810EB14">Morphology and Ontogenesis of a Marine Ciliate, Euplotes balteatus (Dujardin, 1841) Kahl, 1932 (Ciliophora, Euplotida) and Definition of Euplotes wilberti nov. spec.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38D73D1C9AFD188A4121D039640A5B43">Pan, Ying</mods:namePart>
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Syn. 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306D9CFAF630385B0E" bold="true" box="[901,1115,1289,1316]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Euplotes balteatus</emphasis>
sensu 
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In 2000, a 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306DC2FACA30215B65" box="[987,1090,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Euplotes</emphasis>
species
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collected from King George Island, 
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, was reported as another population of 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306D87FA83301A5BBC" box="[926,1145,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Euplotes balteatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9C98306A91FA8231C35BBD" author="Song W. &amp; Wilbert N." box="[1160,1440,1404,1431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref5964" refString="Song W., Wilbert N. (2002) Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozool. 41: 23 - 61" type="journal article" year="2002">Song and Wilbert 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
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. It was diagnosed as follows: 40–70 × 30–50 µm 
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, 25–33 adoral membranelles, 10 frontoventral, 5 transverse, 2 caudal and two close-set marginal cirri; 8 to 10 dorsal kineties with 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306A58F9F23007580C" box="[1089,1124,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">ca.</emphasis>
11 dikinetids in mid-rows; silverline system double- 
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(
<figureCitation id="D1F96FE0FF9C98306B05F9CF31FC5860" box="[1308,1439,1584,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[121,156,937,959]" captionTargetBox="[193,1381,227,891]" captionTargetId="figure-9@6.[181,1391,212,901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4A–K. Euplotes balteatus and Euplotes wilberti nov. spec. from life (A, G), after protargol (D, J, K) and silver nitrate (B, C, E, F, H, I) impregnation. Arrows point to the marginal cirri. A – ventral view of Euplotes balteatus, to show the ventral ciliature (from Kahl 1932); B, C – ventral and dorsal views of Euplotes balteatus, showing the silverline systerm (from Tuffrau 1964); D – Euplotes balteatus, to show variations in the shape of the macronucleus; E, F – ventral and dorsal views showing the silverline system; G–K – Euplotes wilberti nov. spec., to show the live morphology (G), silverline system (H, I), infraciliature (J, K) and macronucleus (K) (from Song and Wilbert 2002). Scale bar: 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13192789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13192789/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4G–K</figureCitation>
). However, the 
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population differs from 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306B8BF9AA37F258B8" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">E. balteatus</emphasis>
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in several respects including: 1) the dorsal grooves (distinct vs. inconspicuous in 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306AF5F962311A589C" box="[1260,1401,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">E. balteatus</emphasis>
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); 2) marginal cirri (densely ranged vs. widely separated in 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306D3CF91A37D658D4" box="[805,949,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">E. balteatus</emphasis>
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); 3) the number of dorsal kineties (9 vs. 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306D44F8F6378F5908" box="[861,1004,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">E. balteatus</emphasis>
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) (
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, 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9C98306ADFF8F731265908" author="Kahl A." box="[1222,1349,1800,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="399 - 650" refId="ref5723" refString="Kahl A. (1932) Urtiere oder Protozoa. I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria), 3. Spirotricha. Tierwelt Dtl. 25: 399 - 650" type="journal article" year="1932">Kahl 1932</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9C98306B4AF8F73701596C" author="Tuffrau M." pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="143 - 151" refId="ref6109" refString="Tuffrau M. (1964) Le maintien des caracteres specifiques a travers le polymorphisme d' Euplotes balteatus Dujardin, 1841. Arch. Zool. Exp. Gen. 104: 143 - 151" type="journal article" year="1964">Tuffrau 1964</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9C98306D6DF8D33065596C" author="Curds C. R." box="[884,1030,1835,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="3 - 61" refId="ref5409" refString="Curds C. R. (1975) A guide to the species of Euplotes (Hypotrichida, Ciliatea). Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 28: 3 - 61" type="journal article" year="1975">Curds 1975</bibRefCitation>
). These are significant differences from which we conclude that the 
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population is not 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9C98306D76F88B306759A7" box="[879,1028,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9C98306D76F88B306359A7" baseAuthorityName="Song and Wilbert" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[879,1024,1907,1933]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="balteatus">E. balteatus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Indeed, it cannot be identified with any known species of 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316F66FA8135855BB2" box="[383,486,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes</emphasis>
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so we therefore establish a new species for this population, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316C36FA5E36945B91" authorityName="Pan &amp; Li &amp; Shao &amp; Hu &amp; Ma &amp; Alrasheid &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2012" box="[559,759,1441,1467]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="wilberti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316C36FA5E36945B91" box="[559,759,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes wilberti</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6085120CFF9D98316E68FA3B34855BF4" box="[113,230,1476,1502]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" rank="species">nov. spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316E68FB6634825A84" bold="true" box="[113,225,1177,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5A–R.</emphasis>
Morphology from life, infraciliature and silverline system of four morphologically similar 
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species. 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316B00FB6631565A84" bold="true" box="[1305,1333,1177,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">–E</emphasis>
– 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316B49FB6634D75AE1" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes minuta</emphasis>
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(from Song and Wilbert 1997a); 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316FECFB4A367F5AE0" bold="true" box="[501,540,1205,1226]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">F–J</emphasis>
– 
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<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316C2CFB4A37775AE0" box="[565,788,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes parabalteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316D4EFB4A30655AE0" author="Jiang J. &amp; Zhang Q. &amp; Hu X. &amp; Shao C. &amp; Al-Rasheid K. A. S. &amp; Song W." box="[855,1030,1205,1227]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1241 - 1251" refId="ref5504" refString="Jiang J., Zhang Q., Hu X., Shao C., Al-Rasheid K. A. S., Song W. (2010 a) Two new marine ciliates, Euplotes sinicus sp. nov. and Euplotes parabalteatus sp. nov., and a new small subunit rRNA gene sequence of Euplotes rariseta (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Euplotida). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Micr. 60: 1241 - 1251" type="journal article" year="2010">
Jiang 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316D89FB4937D85AE0" box="[912,955,1205,1227]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2010a
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316A0FFB4A302B5AE1" bold="true" box="[1046,1096,1205,1227]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">K–O</emphasis>
– 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316A79FB4A31755AE0" box="[1120,1302,1205,1226]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316A79FB4A31755AE0" box="[1120,1302,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316B43FB4A34B35ACD" author="Jiang J. &amp; Zhang Q. &amp; Warren A. &amp; Al-Rasheid K. A. S. &amp; Song W." pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" refId="ref5588" refString="Jiang J., Zhang Q., Warren A., Al-Rasheid K. A. S., Song W. (2010 b) Morphology and SSU rRNA gene-based phylogeny of two marine Euplotes species, E. orientalis spec. nov. and E. raikovi Agamaliev, 1966 (Ciliophora, Euplotida). Eur. J. Protistol. 46: 121 - 132" type="journal article" year="2010">
Jiang 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316B8BFB4934E75ACC" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2010b
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316EF8FB2E356F5ACC" bold="true" box="[225,268,1233,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">P–R</emphasis>
– 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316F3CFB2E35A05ACC" authorityName="Agamaliev" authorityYear="1966" box="[293,451,1233,1254]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="raikovi">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316F3CFB2E35A05ACC" box="[293,451,1233,1254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes raikovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316C1CFB2E36D75ACD" author="Jiang J. &amp; Zhang Q. &amp; Warren A. &amp; Al-Rasheid K. A. S. &amp; Song W." box="[517,692,1233,1255]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" refId="ref5588" refString="Jiang J., Zhang Q., Warren A., Al-Rasheid K. A. S., Song W. (2010 b) Morphology and SSU rRNA gene-based phylogeny of two marine Euplotes species, E. orientalis spec. nov. and E. raikovi Agamaliev, 1966 (Ciliophora, Euplotida). Eur. J. Protistol. 46: 121 - 132" type="journal article" year="2010">
Jiang 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316C27FB2D360B5ACC" box="[574,616,1233,1255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2010b
</bibRefCitation>
). Scale bar: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="01D820EEFF9D98316E8EFA19355C5884" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="497D7365FF9D98316E8EFA19355C5884" blockId="7.[113,760,1406,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316E8EFA19357A582A" bold="true" box="[151,281,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Small to medium-sized marine 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316C88FA19369B582A" box="[657,760,1510,1536]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316C88FA19369B582A" box="[657,760,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
about 40–70 × 30–45 µm 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316F86F9F5358D5809" box="[415,494,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">in vivo</emphasis>
, 27–33 membranelles, 10 frontoventral, 5 transverse, 2 caudal and two closely spaced marginal cirri; 8 to 10 dorsal kineties with 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316CABF9B036B65842" box="[690,725,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">ca.</emphasis>
11 dikinetids in mid-dorsal rows; double- 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316C2EF98D36DE58A1" box="[567,701,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">eurystomus</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="9679CDC7FF9D98316CDCF98D369B58A6" box="[709,760,1650,1676]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
silverline system.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01D820EEFF9D983E6E8EF94831C65F94" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="497D7365FF9D98316E8EF9483497593C" blockId="7.[113,760,1406,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<materialsCitation id="F9AA7938FF9D98316E8EF948348C593C" country="Antarctica" county="King George Island" latitude="-62.233334" location="Rock" longLatPrecision="1020" longitude="-58.666668" municipality="Potter Cove" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316E8EF948352558FA" bold="true" box="[151,326,1718,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<typeStatus id="9679CDC7FF9D98316E8EF94834B758FB" box="[151,212,1719,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<location id="4C1D25BEFF9D98316F4AF94935F258FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C16BC273FF9C983E6D52FAF631C65F94:4C1D25BEFF9D98316F4AF94935F258FA" box="[339,401,1718,1744]" country="Antarctica" county="King George Island" latitude="-62.233334" longLatPrecision="1020" longitude="-58.666668" municipality="Potter Cove" name="Rock" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Rock</location>
pool and the littoral of 
<collectingMunicipality id="A919E91FFF9D98316CDEF948348158D9" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Potter Cove</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="A01C0BE9FF9D98316EEFF926358C58D9" box="[246,495,1753,1779]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">King George Island</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2CF615A2FF9D98316C11F927360A58DE" box="[520,617,1752,1780]" degrees="62" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="-62.233334">62°14′S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2CF615A2FF9D98316C67F927368858DE" box="[638,747,1752,1780]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="-58.666668">58°40′W</geoCoordinate>
), 
<collectingCountry id="31D533F5FF9D98316E68F903348C593C" box="[113,239,1788,1814]" name="Antarctica" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF9D98316E8EF8E037F75BF4" blockId="7.[113,760,1406,1918]" lastBlockId="7.[797,1444,1406,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<materialsCitation id="F9AA7938FF9D98316E8EF8E037F35BF4" country="Antarctica" location="Antarctica" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316E8EF8E035395912" bold="true" box="[151,346,1822,1849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<typeStatus id="9679CDC7FF9D98316E8EF8E034B75913" box="[151,212,1823,1849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
specimen:
</emphasis>
A protargol slide of the 
<collectingCountry id="31D533F5FF9D98316C67F8E1369B5912" box="[638,760,1822,1848]" name="Antarctica" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
population was deposited in the Oberöterreichisches Landesmuseum (LI), A-4040 Linz, 
<collectingCountry id="31D533F5FF9D98316C05F89B36115954" box="[540,626,1892,1918]" name="Austria" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Austria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316C9CF89B37A25BB3" author="Song W. &amp; Wilbert N." box="[645,961,1406,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref5964" refString="Song W., Wilbert N. (2002) Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozool. 41: 23 - 61" type="journal article" year="2002">Song and Wilbert 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Unfortunately the slide was not registered so it is not currently possible to declare a 
<typeStatus id="9679CDC7FF9D98316B68FA5D31C75B96" box="[1393,1444,1442,1468]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
specimen
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF9D98316D5AFA1937BC5884" blockId="7.[797,1444,1406,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316D5AFA1937B7582A" bold="true" box="[835,980,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Dedication:</emphasis>
We dedicate this new species to Dr. Norbert Wilbert, Institut für Zoophysiologie, Universität Bonn, 
<collectingCountry id="31D533F5FF9D98316DB8F9D3306C586C" box="[929,1039,1580,1606]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Germany</collectingCountry>
, in recognition of his contributions to the study of ciliates as well as his excellent descriptions of this organism (
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316A35F98E312358A1" author="Song W. &amp; Wilbert N." box="[1068,1344,1649,1675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref5964" refString="Song W., Wilbert N. (2002) Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozool. 41: 23 - 61" type="journal article" year="2002">Song and Wilbert 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316B52F98E37B05884" author="Wilbert N. &amp; Song W." pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="979 - 1012" refId="ref6281" refString="Wilbert N., Song W. (2008) A further study on littoral ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) near King George Island, Antarctica, with description of a new genus and seven new species. J. Nat. Hist. 42: 979 - 1012" type="journal article" year="2008">Wilbert and Song 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF9D98316D5AF94931C05954" blockId="7.[797,1444,1406,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316D5AF949371358D9" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Comparison with other morphologically related forms:</emphasis>
To date, there have been reports of 8 smallsized 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316D73F90337B2593C" box="[874,977,1788,1814]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316D73F90337B2593C" box="[874,977,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Euplotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a double- 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316A82F9023142593C" box="[1179,1313,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">eurystomus</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="9679CDC7FF9D98316B28F9033107593C" box="[1329,1380,1788,1814]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
dorsal silverline system, 10 frontoventral and 2 marginal cirri, namely 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316DA4F8BD31FC5971" authority="(Dujardin, 1841) Kahl 1932" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[957,1439,1857,1883]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="balteatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316DA4F8BD30295971" box="[957,1098,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">E. balteatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316A43F8BE31735971" author="Dujardin F." box="[1114,1296,1857,1883]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" refId="ref5449" refString="Dujardin F. (1841) Histoire Naturelle des Zoophytes. Infusoires. Paris" type="book" year="1841">Dujardin, 1841</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF9D98316B39F8BE31FC5971" author="Kahl A." box="[1312,1439,1857,1883]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="399 - 650" refId="ref5723" refString="Kahl A. (1932) Urtiere oder Protozoa. I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria), 3. Spirotricha. Tierwelt Dtl. 25: 399 - 650" type="journal article" year="1932">Kahl 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316D04F89A30B65954" authority="Jiang et al., 2010" authorityName="Jiang" authorityYear="2010" box="[797,1237,1892,1918]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="parabalteatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316D04F89A37845954" box="[797,999,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">E. parabalteatus</emphasis>
Jiang 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316A58F89A30E15954" box="[1089,1154,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF9D98316AFEF89A31FC5954" authority="Kahl" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" box="[1255,1439,1892,1918]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="alatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF9D98316AFEF89A31355954" box="[1255,1366,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">E. alatus</emphasis>
Kahl
</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6E63FF2B367E5F64" blockId="8.[122,638,212,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
. system separated, TC level shaped) silverline. 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5FEDD34825FBE" box="[204,225,290,404]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5FEDD34825F56" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" box="[204,225,290,380]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="trisulcatus">trisulcatus</taxonomicName>
E
</emphasis>
40 36 – 25 7 11 Widely the below Curved bar 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF92983E6C11FEAB367E5F62" author="Tuffrau M." box="[520,541,283,404]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref6084" refString="Tuffrau M. (1960) Revision du genre Euplotes, fondee sur la comparaison des structures superficielles. Hydrobiologia 15: 1 - 77" type="journal article" year="1960">Tuffrau 1960</bibRefCitation>
(
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6E63FE7A367E5D39" blockId="8.[122,638,212,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
dorsal 
<typeStatus id="9679CDC7FF92983E6E63FE3734F25FDB" box="[122,145,456,497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
” separated C-shaped 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6C11FE1434825C16" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
et. al eurystomus 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5FDBB34825C16" authorityName="Valbonesi" authorityYear="1997" box="[204,225,497,596]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="plicatum">E. plicatum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
55 42 – 25 – 22 10 14 Widely Inverted 
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF92983E6C11FDFF365B5C67" author="Valbonesi A. &amp; Apone F. &amp; Luporini P." box="[520,568,512,596]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref6144" refString="Valbonesi A., Apone F., Luporini P. (1997) Morphology and biology of a new species of Euplotes, Euplotes plicatum sp. n. (Ciliophora: Euplotidae). Acta Protozool. 36: 287 - 294" type="journal article" year="1997">Valbonesi 1997</bibRefCitation>
) (double- “ and a 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5FCFB34825CD6" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" box="[204,225,643,788]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="magnicirratus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5FCFB34825CD6" box="[204,225,643,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. magnicirratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
54 ** 52 – 49 8 13 17 – Separated below, level TC the C-shaped Inverted) 1972 (Carter
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6E63FCF534F25BC4" blockId="8.[122,638,212,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
cirri, 2 marginal in. µm 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5FCD834825D96" authorityName="Gelei" authorityYear="1950" box="[204,225,807,956]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="quinquecarinatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5FCD834825D96" box="[204,225,807,956]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">quinquecarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 30 * * 15 – Widely separated C-shaped 1968) Borror (cirri Measurements 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5FC3B34825DEF" box="[204,225,962,980]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E.</emphasis>
55 25 9 13 frontoventral cirri. *, below level) (1968 with 10 – transverse 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5FBB734825ABF" box="[204,225,1096,1173]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5FBB734825A56" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" box="[204,225,1096,1148]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="alatus">alatus</taxonomicName>
. E
</emphasis>
– 43 36 * 30 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6F0EFB7F354F5ABE" box="[279,300,1152,1172]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">ca</emphasis>
8 – 11 10 Separated the TC C-shaped Borror 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6E63FAFA34F25AD7" box="[122,145,1208,1369]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6E63FAFA34F25B73" box="[122,145,1285,1369]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Euplotes</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
TC macronucleus,. 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5FB3934825B7F" box="[204,225,1222,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5FB3934825B17" box="[204,225,1222,1341]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="parabalteatus">parabalteatus</taxonomicName>
E
</emphasis>
– 35 30 23 19 – – 6 7 – 8 11 ， Separated below TC the level bar-shaped Curved a) 2010 Jiang (marine similar
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6E8FFA5734CE5B86" blockId="8.[122,638,212,1928]" box="[150,173,1448,1452]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6E8FFA7D34CE5B56" blockId="8.[122,638,212,1928]" box="[150,173,1392,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Ma –</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6FBBFA7F361D5947" blockId="8.[122,638,212,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
separated work kineties. 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5F9FA34825BD6" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[204,225,1454,1557]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="balteatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5F9FA34825BD6" box="[204,225,1454,1557]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E balteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 30 80 18– 25 8 12 16 – Widely C-shaped Present morphologically – DK dorsal, ranged, TC the level C-shaped Wilbert and. illustrations specimens. of Comparison membranelles 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6ED5F93A34825896" authorityName="Pan &amp; Li &amp; Shao &amp; Hu &amp; Ma &amp; Alrasheid &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2012" box="[204,225,1658,1749]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="wilberti">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6ED5F93A34825896" box="[204,225,1658,1749]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. wilberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
70 – 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6EEBF90B35645932" box="[242,263,1780,1816]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">vivo</emphasis>
40 – 27 33 10 – 8 9 14 – Densely above Inverted Song) (2002 from published from impregnated 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6E63F8C534F25910" bold="true" box="[122,145,1845,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">2.</emphasis>
adoral size 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6EEBF8E235645904" box="[242,263,1821,1838]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">in</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="2FD3EBA0FF92983E6F0EF8D5354F5966" box="[279,300,1834,1868]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
DK dikinetids 
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6E63F8B034F259AD" bold="true" box="[122,145,1871,1927]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">Table</emphasis>
– 
<collectionCode id="2FD3EBA0FF92983E6E8FF89E34CE59A2" box="[150,173,1889,1928]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
Character Body No of.. No of of. No in mid-rows Marginal cirri Ma shape Reference * Counted ** Probably
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="497D7365FF92983E6D3CFF2B31C65F94" blockId="8.[805,1452,212,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
1932, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6D6CFF2A30B95EC4" authority="Kahl, 1932" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" box="[885,1242,212,238]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="magnicirratus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6D6CFF2A30215EC4" box="[885,1090,213,238]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. magnicirratus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF92983E6A56FF2B30B95EC4" author="Kahl A." box="[1103,1242,212,238]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" pagination="399 - 650" refId="ref5723" refString="Kahl A. (1932) Urtiere oder Protozoa. I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria), 3. Spirotricha. Tierwelt Dtl. 25: 399 - 650" type="journal article" year="1932">Kahl, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6AF4FF2A379A5F38" authority="Gelei, 1950" authorityName="Gelei" authorityYear="1950" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="quinquecarinatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6AF4FF2A37065F3B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. quinquecarinatus</emphasis>
Gelei, 1950
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6A1FFF0731345F3B" authority="Valbonesi, 1997" authorityName="Valbonesi" authorityYear="1997" box="[1030,1367,247,273]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="plicatum">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6A1FFF0730EC5F3B" box="[1030,1167,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. plicatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF92983E6A8EFF0831345F3B" author="Valbonesi A. &amp; Apone F. &amp; Luporini P." box="[1175,1367,247,273]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref6144" refString="Valbonesi A., Apone F., Luporini P. (1997) Morphology and biology of a new species of Euplotes, Euplotes plicatum sp. n. (Ciliophora: Euplotidae). Acta Protozool. 36: 287 - 294" type="journal article" year="1997">Valbonesi, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6B7DFF0730715F1E" authority="Kahl, 1932" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="trisulcatus">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6B7DFF0737E65F19" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. trisulcatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D530E94FF92983E6D97FEE630715F1E" author="Kahl A." box="[910,1042,281,308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" pagination="399 - 650" refId="ref5723" refString="Kahl A. (1932) Urtiere oder Protozoa. I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria), 3. Spirotricha. Tierwelt Dtl. 25: 399 - 650" type="journal article" year="1932">Kahl, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6A57FEE530AF5F19" authorityName="Pan &amp; Li &amp; Shao &amp; Hu &amp; Ma &amp; Alrasheid &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2012" box="[1102,1228,281,307]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="wilberti" status="nov. spec.">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6A57FEE530AF5F19" box="[1102,1228,281,307]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. wilberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6085120CFF92983E6ACCFEE531285F1E" box="[1237,1355,282,308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" rank="species">nov. spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Table 2 summarizes the main characters that define these species. From these data it can be seen that 
<taxonomicName id="8EC208E6FF92983E6AE1FE9F31105F53" authorityName="Pan &amp; Li &amp; Shao &amp; Hu &amp; Ma &amp; Alrasheid &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2012" box="[1272,1395,351,377]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Euplotidae" genus="Euplotes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="wilberti" status="nov. spec.">
<emphasis id="7BB6AF77FF92983E6AE1FE9F31105F53" box="[1272,1395,351,377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">E. wilberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6085120CFF92983E6B63FEA037025FB6" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" rank="species">nov. spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is clearly distinguished from its most similar congeners thus justifying its validity as a separate species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>