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<mods:title id="70AC0BAC9F36DB631716EE760E403F13">Review of Givira Walker, 1856 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae: Hypoptinae) with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="49AFC28A8CF31263C4E9F733950E8C7C">Naydenov, Artem E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="08C4F079D2E5933834D34F8C462C6C83">Yakovlev, Roman V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CCD9BCFB703C48BDB3A3FFDDF86B72A8">Altai State University, pr. Lenina 61, Barnaul 656049, Russia. &amp; Tomsk State University, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecology, Lenin pr. 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia. &amp; Western Caspian University, 31, Istiglaliyyat Street, Baku, Azerbaijan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8C902E66FFDFD4F6EB312CA1B17F4E2E">Penco, Fernando C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="92DEE08111EA48A403AD5A73BEDFBB35">Fundación de Historia Natural “ Félix de Azara ”, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología, Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775 piso 7 (1405 BDB) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB0F550B4C0FB25FE21DC97" blockId="1.[151,486,1230,1257]" box="[151,486,1230,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">
<heading id="F2131E76FFB0F550B4C0FB25FE21DC97" bold="true" box="[151,486,1230,1257]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" reason="1">
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Genus 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B4B9FB24FE21DC97" ID-CoL="929N7" authority="Walker, 1856" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[238,486,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B4B9FB24FEFCDC96" bold="true" box="[238,315,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Givira</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B515FB24FE21DC97" author="Walker, F." box="[322,486,1230,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="1509 - 1808" refId="ref6274" refString="Walker, F. (1856) n. k. In: List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Lepidoptera Heterocera. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 1509 - 1808." type="book chapter" year="1856">Walker, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB0F550B4C0FAF8FB48DD54" blockId="1.[151,1167,1299,1324]" box="[151,1167,1299,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B4C0FAF8FE65DD54" author="Walker, F." box="[151,418,1299,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="1509 - 1808" refId="ref6274" refString="Walker, F. (1856) n. k. In: List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Lepidoptera Heterocera. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 1509 - 1808." type="book chapter" year="1856">Walker, 1856: 1526−1527</bibRefCitation>
. 
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB0F550B5FCFAFFFE1ADD53" box="[427,477,1300,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Type</typeStatus>
species (by monotypy): 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B68FFAFFFC2FDD54" authority="Walker, 1856" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[728,1000,1299,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B68FFAFFFC9DDD54" box="[728,858,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Givira tristis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B736FAF8FC2FDD54" author="Walker, F." box="[865,1000,1299,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="1509 - 1808" refId="ref6274" refString="Walker, F. (1856) n. k. In: List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Lepidoptera Heterocera. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 1509 - 1808." type="book chapter" year="1856">Walker, 1856</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="31DFB59FFFB0F550B7A2FAF8FBF1DD54" box="[1013,1078,1299,1323]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1007,1031]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,984]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,176,984]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–7. Givira, adults: 1. G. cinnamonea Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; Penco sp. nov., male, holotype, Brazil, Minas Gerais (MWM); 2. G. difflua Dognin, 1920, male, holotype, Argentina, La Rioja (USNM); 3. G. difflua Dognin, 1920, male, Argentina, Jujuy Prov., Santa Barbara Mts. (RYB); 4. G. difflua Dognin, 1920, female, Argentina, Jujuy Prov., Santa Barbara Mts. (RYB); 5. G. modisma Schaus, 1922, male, holotype, Guatemala, Quirigua (USNM); 6. G. modisma Schaus, 1922, male, Colombia, Huila (RYB); 7. G. tristis Walker, 1856, male, holotype (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13747463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13747463/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Figs 7</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="31DFB59FFFB0F550B016FAF8FB9CDD54" box="[1089,1115,1299,1323]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–11" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,594,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-148@5.[151,1435,592,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8–11. Givira, male genitalia: 8. G. cinnamonea Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; Penco sp. nov., male, holotype, Brazil, Minas Gerais, GenPrMWM: 28.562 (MWM); 9. G. difflua Dognin, 1920, male, holotype, Argentina, La Rioja, genitalia slide by P. Gentili №85.229 (USNM); 10. G. modisma Schaus, 1922, male, holotype, Guatemala, Quirigua, genitalia slide by P. Gentili №85.253 (USNM); 11. G. tristis Walker, 1856, male, holotype, genitalia slide №125 (NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13747465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13747465/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">11</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="31DFB59FFFB0F550B031FAF8FB45DD54" box="[1126,1154,1299,1323]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1571,1595]" captionTargetId="figure-181@7.[366,1222,684,1548]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 13. Distributional records of Givira Walker, 1856." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13750667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13750667/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B4C0FAB2FEE6DD0C" bold="true" box="[151,289,1369,1395]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Description</emphasis>
. Size medium; length of male fore wing 
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; length of female fore wing 
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; antennae brown, relatively short (not longer than 1/3 of fore wing in length), bipectinate, with short rami; head, thorax and abdomen covered with brown, dark-grey and light-grey scales; fore wings mostly brown (with brownish or beige tint) with poorly pronounced wavy pattern, usually more contrasting on costal edge. Hind wing relatively short, light colored (rarely, with darkened distal half) with poorly pronounced wavy pattern; darkening at vein A 
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apical third (in some specimens, darkening noticeable only at wing margin on top of A1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB0F550B490F9DAFBFDDEC8" blockId="1.[151,1437,1369,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B490F9DAFEA9DE34" box="[199,366,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus relatively long with small oval or round extension and small incisure at top; arms of gnathos short or completely reduced; gnathos absent; valva with simple harpe; juxta robust, lamellar, with ring-like aperture and massive hood-shaped abdominal process; saccus small; phallus equal to valva in length or shorter, thin, straight or slightly curved, several specimens have small spiky process at distal tip.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B490F92AFE4EDEA4" box="[199,393,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Ovipositor short; papillae anales slightly acute, with small bundles of setae; anterior and posterior apophyses relatively short, approximately equal in length; ostium cup-like, sclerotized, with well-developed lamella postvaginalis; ductus relatively long and thin; smoothly passing into bursa small, oval, has several signa.
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<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B490F8C6FEFDDF38" bold="true" box="[199,314,1837,1863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B51FF8C5FE56DF37" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[328,401,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B51FF8C5FE56DF37" box="[328,401,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Givira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the following genera of 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B765F8C6FC72DF38" authorityName="Neumoegen &amp; Dyar" authorityYear="1894" box="[818,949,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypoptinae">Hypoptinae</taxonomicName>
by:
</paragraph>
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—absence of processes on valvae, deeply forked uncus, pronounced long saccus, big spiky processes on phallus and sharp transition between ductus and bursa from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B756F89EFC64DFF0" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1888" box="[769,931,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Inguromorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B756F89EFC64DFF0" box="[769,931,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Inguromorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB0F550B7E1F89EFC2FDFF0" box="[950,1000,1909,1935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B0ADF89EFE63DFCC" authority="Edwards, 1888" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Inguromorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slossoni">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B0ADF89EFF36DFCC" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Inguromorpha slossoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B4AFF872FE63DFCC" author="Edwards, H." box="[248,420,1945,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="181 - 185" refId="ref5293" refString="Edwards, H. (1888) New Genera and Species of North American Moths. Entomologica Americana, 3, 181 - 185." type="journal article" year="1888">Edwards, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B5EEF871FD52DFCC" authority="Dyar, 1940" authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1940" box="[441,661,1945,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Puseyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B5EEF871FDD5DFCC" box="[441,530,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Puseyia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B64FF871FD52DFCC" author="Dyar, H. G." box="[536,661,1945,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="1265 - 1285" refId="ref5250" refString="Dyar, H. G. (1940) Cossidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die exotischen Grossschmetterlinge, Die Amerikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1265 - 1285." type="book chapter" year="1940">Dyar, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB0F550B6F3F872FD11DFCC" box="[676,726,1945,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B011F871FA48DFCC" authority="Dyar, 1940" authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1940" box="[1094,1423,1945,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Puseyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puseyiae">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B011F871FAC0DFCC" box="[1094,1287,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Puseyia puseyiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B159F871FA48DFCC" author="Dyar, H. G." box="[1294,1423,1945,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="1265 - 1285" refId="ref5250" refString="Dyar, H. G. (1940) Cossidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die exotischen Grossschmetterlinge, Die Amerikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 1265 - 1285." type="book chapter" year="1940">Dyar, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B4C0F855FD53DFA8" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,660,1981,2008]" genus="Uretiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B4C0F855FF3CDFA8" box="[151,251,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Uretiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB0F550B556F856FD53DFA8" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[257,660,1981,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB0F550B6F5F856FD13DFA8" box="[674,724,1981,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB0F550B069F855FA48DFA7" authority="Ureta, 1957" authorityName="Ureta" authorityYear="1957" box="[1086,1423,1981,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicunensis">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB0F550B069F855FAC5DFA8" box="[1086,1282,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="568">Givira vicunensis</emphasis>
Ureta, 1957
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B4C0FF7CFD67D8CE" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,672,151,177]" genus="Dogniniya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B4C0FF7CFECAD8CF" box="[151,269,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Dogniniya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B545FF7CFD67D8CE" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[274,672,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B6FBFF7CFD19D8CE" box="[684,734,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B015FF7CFA48D8CE" authority="Dognin, 1910" authorityName="Dognin" authorityYear="1910" box="[1090,1423,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Hypopta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sterila">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B015FF7CFB28D8CE" box="[1090,1263,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Hypopta sterila</emphasis>
Dognin, 1910
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B4C0FF50FD1DD8AA" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,730,187,213]" genus="Qhichwaruna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B4C0FF50FEF6D8AA" box="[151,305,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Qhichwaruna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B56DFF50FD1DD8AA" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[314,730,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B6BCFF50FCDAD8AA" box="[747,797,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B07FFF50FE78D886" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" genus="Qhichwaruna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="species" species="pennata">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B07FFF50FAE2D8AB" box="[1064,1317,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Qhichwaruna pennata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B17AFF50FE78D886" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B584FF34FC37D886" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[467,1008,223,249]" genus="Wiraqucha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B584FF34FD89D886" box="[467,590,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Wiraqucha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B601FF34FC37D886" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[598,1008,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B7A8FF34FBF6D886" box="[1023,1073,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B4C0FEE8FC83D962" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,836,259,285]" genus="Wiraqucha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="species" species="equadorica">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B4C0FEE8FE5CD962" box="[151,411,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Wiraqucha equadorica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B5F5FEE8FC83D962" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[418,836,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B70EFEE8FA5BD962" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[857,1436,259,285]" genus="Thonyocossus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B70EFEE8FC31D962" box="[857,1014,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Thonyocossus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B7A8FEE8FA5BD962" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[1023,1436,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B4C8FECCFF16D93E" box="[159,209,295,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B598FECCFB57D93E" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[463,1168,295,321]" genus="Thonyocossus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B598FECCFD34D93E" box="[463,755,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Thonyocossus brasiliensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B6AFFECCFB57D93E" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[760,1168,295,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
); and 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B087FECCFE7FD91A" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" genus="Hastam" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B087FECCFAE0D93F" box="[1232,1319,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Hastam</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B17AFECCFE7FD91A" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B590FEA0FE3ED91A" box="[455,505,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B6ACFEA0FA96D91A" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2019" box="[763,1361,331,357]" genus="Hastam" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B6ACFEA0FC68D91A" box="[763,943,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Hastam gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B7E2FEA0FA96D91A" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C." box="[949,1361,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="4 - 13" refId="ref6323" refString="Yakovlev, R. V., Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Penco, F. C. (2019) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). I. New taxa with bifurcated uncus. Ecologica Montenegrina, 26, 4 - 13." type="journal article" year="2019">Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FE84FE64D9AE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—absence of deeply forked uncus and pronounced long saccus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B7A0FE84FB97D9F6" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1854" box="[1015,1104,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Dolecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B7A0FE84FB97D9F6" box="[1015,1104,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Dolecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B035FE84FB53D9F6" box="[1122,1172,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B4C0FE78FDB5D9D2" authority="Herrich-Schaffer, [1854]" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,626,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Dolecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scariosa">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B4C0FE78FE91D9D3" box="[151,342,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Dolecta scariosa</emphasis>
Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]
</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B6E6FE78FC14D9D2" authority="Schaus, 1911" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1911" box="[689,979,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Psychogena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B6E6FE78FCFFD9D2" box="[689,824,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Psychogena</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B768FE78FC14D9D2" author="Schaus, W." box="[831,979,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="612 - 634" refId="ref6044" refString="Schaus, W. (1911) New Species of Heterocera from Costa Rica. VIII. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 7 (42), 612 - 634. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931108692985" type="journal article" year="1911">Schaus, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B7B6FE78FBD4D9D2" box="[993,1043,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B142FE78FE52D9AE" authority="Schaus, 1911" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Psychogena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miranda">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B142FE78FF31D9AE" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Psychogena miranda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B4AAFE5CFE52D9AE" author="Schaus, W." box="[253,405,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="612 - 634" refId="ref6044" refString="Schaus, W. (1911) New Species of Heterocera from Costa Rica. VIII. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 7 (42), 612 - 634. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931108692985" type="journal article" year="1911">Schaus, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FE30FCCFDA42" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—shape of wings and absence of spots in wing pattern, presence of oval extension on tip of uncus, longer valvae and absence of distinctly pronounced saccus from 
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B764FE14FC02DA66" box="[819,965,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Clenchgivira</emphasis>
Heppner, 2023 (
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B0DEFE14FB7CDA66" box="[1161,1211,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B570FDC8FD8DDA42" box="[295,586,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Clenchgivira nigrihyalina</emphasis>
Heppner, 2023);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FDACFD58DAB2" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—absence of long basal processes on valvae and presence of small apical incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B16BFDACFA5BDA1F" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1818" box="[1340,1436,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Hypopta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B16BFDACFA5BDA1F" box="[1340,1436,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Hypopta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B4C8FD80FF16DAFA" box="[159,209,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B581FD80FC82DAFA" authority="Hubner, 1818" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1818" box="[470,837,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Hypopta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambigua">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B581FD80FD67DAFA" box="[470,672,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Hypopta ambigua</emphasis>
Hübner, 1818
</taxonomicName>
); 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B70DFD80FA9CDAFA" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2020" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2020" box="[858,1371,619,645]" genus="Laberlia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B70DFD80FC7DDAFA" box="[858,954,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Laberlia</emphasis>
Yakovlev, 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B06FFD80FA9CDAFA" author="Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Penco, F. C. &amp; Sinyaev, V. V." box="[1080,1371,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="82 - 114" refId="ref5515" refString="Naydenov, A. E., Yakovlev, R. V., Penco, F. C. &amp; Sinyaev, V. V. (2020) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossi- dae). II. A review of the genus Dolecta Herrich-Schaffer, [1854], with description of seventeen new species. Ecologica Montenegrina, 35, 82 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2020.35.7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B13DFD80FA5BDAFA" box="[1386,1436,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B5A9FD64FC4FDAD6" authority="Dognin, 1911" authorityName="Dognin" authorityYear="1911" box="[510,904,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Langsdorfia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellaria">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B5A9FD64FD21DAD6" box="[510,742,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Langsdorfia bellaria</emphasis>
Dognin, 1911
</taxonomicName>
); and 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B79CFD64FB24DAD6" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[971,1251,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Philanglaus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B79CFD64FB95DAD6" box="[971,1106,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Philanglaus</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B0A6FD64FAE4DAD6" box="[1265,1315,655,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B54FFD58FD56DAB2" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[280,657,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Philanglaus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B54FFD58FE3BDAB3" box="[280,508,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Philanglaus ornatus</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FD3CFBA8DB6A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—thinner uncus with a small apical incisure, poorly visible saccus and special shape of juxta from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B177FD3CFEECDB6A" authority="Gentili, 1989" authorityName="Gentili" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Schausisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B177FD3CFA5BDA8E" box="[1312,1436,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Schausisca</emphasis>
Gentili, 1989
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B56DFD10FEABDB6A" box="[314,364,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B68CFD10FBA6DB6A" authority="Gentili, 1989" authorityName="Gentili" authorityYear="1989" box="[731,1121,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Schausisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desantisi">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B68CFD10FC04DB6A" box="[731,963,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Schausisca desantisi</emphasis>
Gentili, 1989
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FCF4FE98DBFE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—shorter phallus and uncus, poorly developed saccus and small apical incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B15FFCF4FDF2DB22" authority="Penco, Yakovlev &amp; Naydenov, 2020" authorityName="Penco, Yakovlev &amp; Naydenov" authorityYear="2020" genus="Schajovskoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B15FFCF4FA5BDB46" box="[1288,1436,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Schajovskoia</emphasis>
Penco, Yakovlev &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B52BFCA8FDF2DB22" author="Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Penco, F. C. &amp; Sinyaev, V. V." box="[380,565,835,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="82 - 114" refId="ref5515" refString="Naydenov, A. E., Yakovlev, R. V., Penco, F. C. &amp; Sinyaev, V. V. (2020) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossi- dae). II. A review of the genus Dolecta Herrich-Schaffer, [1854], with description of seventeen new species. Ecologica Montenegrina, 35, 82 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2020.35.7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Naydenov, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B611FCA8FDBFDB22" box="[582,632,835,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B7D6FCA8FE94DBFE" authority="Penco, Yakovlev &amp; Naydenov, 2020" authorityName="Penco, Yakovlev &amp; Naydenov" authorityYear="2020" genus="Schajovskoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" rank="species" species="albomaculata">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B7D6FCA8FB7FDB22" box="[897,1208,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Schajovskoia albomaculata</emphasis>
Penco, Yakovlev &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B4C0FC8CFE94DBFE" author="Naydenov, A. E. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Penco, F. C. &amp; Sinyaev, V. V." box="[151,339,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="82 - 114" refId="ref5515" refString="Naydenov, A. E., Yakovlev, R. V., Penco, F. C. &amp; Sinyaev, V. V. (2020) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossi- dae). II. A review of the genus Dolecta Herrich-Schaffer, [1854], with description of seventeen new species. Ecologica Montenegrina, 35, 82 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2020.35.7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Naydenov, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FC60FA8DDBB6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—absence of heavily sclerotized semicircular portion of juxta and presence of small apical incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B482FC44FE30DBB6" authority="Clench, 1957" authorityName="Clench" authorityYear="1957" box="[213,503,942,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Philiodoron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B482FC44FE9CDBB6" box="[213,347,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Philiodoron</emphasis>
Clench, 1957
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B651FC44FDFFDBB6" box="[518,568,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B7FFFC44FAFBDBB6" authority="Clench, 1957" authorityName="Clench" authorityYear="1957" box="[936,1340,942,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Philiodoron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinereum">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B7FFFC44FB5BDBB7" box="[936,1180,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Philiodoron cinereum</emphasis>
Clench, 1957
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FC38FF27DC4A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—absence of bright decorative pattern, robust saccus and processes on the valvae from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B0D4FC38FE71DC6E" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2022" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Gentiliocossus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B0D4FC38FAEFDB92" box="[1155,1320,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Gentiliocossus</emphasis>
Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B57BFC1CFE71DC6E" author="Penco, F. C. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E." box="[300,438,1015,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref5925" refString="Penco, F. C., Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. (2022) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). IV. A review of the genus Hypopta Hubner, 1818. Ecologica Montenegrina, 51, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2022.51.6" type="journal article" year="2022">Penco, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B594FC1CFE32DC6E" box="[451,501,1015,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by original designation: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B737FC1CFF13DC4A" authority="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco, 2022" authorityName="Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Gentiliocossus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexi">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B737FC1CFB86DC6E" box="[864,1089,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Gentiliocossus alexi</emphasis>
Yakovlev, Naydenov &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B106FC1CFF13DC4A" author="Penco, F. C. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E." pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref5925" refString="Penco, F. C., Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. (2022) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). IV. A review of the genus Hypopta Hubner, 1818. Ecologica Montenegrina, 51, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2022.51.6" type="journal article" year="2022">Penco, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FBD4FBA9DCDE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—light hind wings, absence of pronounced transverse light stripes, presence of more robust tegumen and uncus, special shape of valvae and phallus and apical small incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B789FB88FF08DCDE" authority="Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; Penco, 2022" authorityName="Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B789FB88FB85DC02" box="[990,1090,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Givirella</emphasis>
Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B106FB88FF08DCDE" author="Penco, F. C. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E." pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref5925" refString="Penco, F. C., Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. (2022) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). IV. A review of the genus Hypopta Hubner, 1818. Ecologica Montenegrina, 51, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2022.51.6" type="journal article" year="2022">Penco, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B489FB6CFED7DCDE" box="[222,272,1159,1185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B645FB6CFBA5DCDE" authority="Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; Penco, 2022" authorityName="Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; Penco" authorityYear="2022" box="[530,1122,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B645FB6CFD07DCDE" box="[530,704,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Givirella batesi</emphasis>
Naydenov, Yakovlev &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="CD75D4EBFFB3F553B784FB6CFBA5DCDE" author="Penco, F. C. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E." box="[979,1122,1159,1185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref5925" refString="Penco, F. C., Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Naydenov, A. E. (2022) New data on Neotropical Carpenter-Moths of Subfamily Hypoptinae Neumoegen &amp; Dyar, 1894 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). IV. A review of the genus Hypopta Hubner, 1818. Ecologica Montenegrina, 51, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2022.51.6" type="journal article" year="2022">Penco, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FB40FF34DD72" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—special wing pattern without spots in apical half of fore wing, rod-like uncus, shape of valvae and small apical incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B5BBFB24FCCADC96" authority="Clench, [1957]" authorityName="Clench" authorityYear="1957" box="[492,781,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givarbela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B5BBFB24FD99DC96" box="[492,606,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Givarbela</emphasis>
Clench, [1957]
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B74BFB24FC89DC96" box="[796,846,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B005FB24FF22DD72" authority="Clench, [1957]" authorityName="Clench" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givarbela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinbachi">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B005FB24FAF9DC96" box="[1106,1342,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Givarbela steinbachi</emphasis>
Clench, [1957]
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FAFCFEF5DD06" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—color and wing pattern without longitudinal stripes parallel to veins, special shape of valvae and juxta, and small apical incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B67FFAD0FCF3DD2A" authority="Orfila, 1957" authorityName="Orfila" authorityYear="1957" box="[552,820,1338,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Breyeriana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B67FFAD0FD62DD2B" box="[552,677,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Breyeriana</emphasis>
Orfila, 1957
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B715FAD0FCB3DD2A" box="[834,884,1339,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B024FAD0FEE3DD06" authority="Orfila, 1957" authorityName="Orfila" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Breyeriana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cistransandina">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B024FAD0FA5BDD2A" box="[1139,1436,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Breyeriana cistransandina</emphasis>
Orfila, 1957
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FA68FF26DD9A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—bigger size, absence of large setae on antennae, thinner uncus with small incisure on apex and special shape of valvae and juxta from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B5F8FA4CFD1CDDBE" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[431,731,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Acousmaticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B5F8FA4CFD8CDDBE" box="[431,587,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Acousmaticus</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B6BDFA4CFCDBDDBE" box="[746,796,1447,1473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B04BFA4CFF14DD9A" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Acousmaticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnicornis">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B04BFA4CFA8DDDBF" box="[1052,1354,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Acousmaticus magnicornis</emphasis>
Butler, 1882
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490FA04FB3ADE2E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
—special wing pattern without light-colored spots on fore wing basally and in light-colored hind wings; absence of needle-like basal processes on valvae; robust saccus; special shape of juxta and small apical incisure on uncus from 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B482F9DCFDD7DE2E" authority="Hubner, [1821]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1821" box="[213,528,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Langsdorfia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B482F9DCFE99DE2E" box="[213,350,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Langsdorfia</emphasis>
Hübner, [1821]
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="765F17B8FFB3F553B648F9DCFD96DE2E" box="[543,593,1591,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy: 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B704F9DCFB28DE2E" authority="Hubner, [1821]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1821" box="[851,1263,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Langsdorfia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="franckii">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B704F9DCFBFDDE2E" box="[851,1082,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Langsdorfia franckii</emphasis>
Hübner, [1821]
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E1FEFA91FFB3F553B490F9B1FD40DE9E" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490F9B1FED7DEE6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B490F9B1FE9EDE0B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1626,1652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Distribution</emphasis>
. Central America (
<collectingCountry id="D1F3E98AFFB3F553B668F9B0FD7BDE0A" box="[575,700,1627,1653]" name="Guatemala" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
) and South America (
<collectingCountry id="D1F3E98AFFB3F553B791F9B0FBFEDE0A" box="[966,1081,1627,1653]" name="Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D1F3E98AFFB3F553B01EF9B0FB78DE0A" box="[1097,1215,1627,1653]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D1F3E98AFFB3F553B098F9B0FAD1DE0A" box="[1231,1302,1627,1653]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D1F3E98AFFB3F553B171F9B0FA5FDE0A" box="[1318,1432,1627,1653]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D1F3E98AFFB3F553B4C0F994FEC3DEE6" box="[151,260,1663,1689]" name="Paraguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B490F949FD40DE9E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B490F949FE4DDEC2" bold="true" box="[199,394,1698,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Taxonomic note</emphasis>
. Below we review only four species that are surely belong to 
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B029F948FB00DEC2" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[1150,1223,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B029F948FB00DEC2" box="[1150,1223,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Givira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, others should be considered as 
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B561F92CFE79DE9F" box="[310,446,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
<taxonomicName id="6EE4D299FFB3F553B561F92CFE7DDE9F" box="[310,442,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Givira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auct">Givira auct</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
until reattributed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E1FEFA91FFB3F553B4C0F8D9FE18DF33" box="[151,479,1842,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569" type="description">
<paragraph id="A95BA91AFFB3F553B4C0F8D9FE18DF33" blockId="2.[151,479,1842,1869]" box="[151,479,1842,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">
<emphasis id="9B907508FFB3F553B4C0F8D9FE18DF33" bold="true" box="[151,479,1842,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="569">Description of new species</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>