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<document id="A86401A1656C88E5F5E607EF9F8958BA" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376790" ID-ZooBank="DB29E6F1-7925-46DB-8C9E-055C639203CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1702550585073" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matson, Tanner A." docDate="2023" docId="03CEA05334777873FDFEB0F2A869FCE5" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.911.1-79.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 911" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2371/10397" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stamnodes patamon CNIN" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFF7D82B34477841FFB7B463AC58FF82" masterDocTitle="A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1702551499432" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="481F9790B164A9A54368BBDE46AF987B">A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FDFEB0F2AFB2FB2E" blockId="48.[585,1002,1169,1232]" box="[585,1002,1169,1196]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D090A62934777871FDFEB0F2AFB2FB2E" box="[585,1002,1169,1196]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634777871FDFEB0F2AFB2FB2E" ID-CoL="4ZHLN" authority="(Druce, 1893)" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[585,1002,1169,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FDFEB0F2AF66FB2E" bold="true" box="[585,830,1169,1196]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stamnodes patamon</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434777871FCF9B0F1AFBAFB2E" author="Druce H." box="[846,994,1170,1196]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="9 - 184" refId="ref38763" refString="Druce H. 1893. Fam. Geometridae. In: Godman F. D. C. &amp; Salvin O. (eds) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Heterocera, Vol. 2: 9 - 184. Dulau &amp; Co., London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 730" type="journal article" year="1893">Druce, 1893</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34777871FD1BB0D6AFDFFB52" box="[684,903,1205,1232]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FD1BB0D6AFDFFB52" blockId="48.[585,1002,1169,1232]" box="[684,903,1205,1232]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034777871FD1BB0D6AF5EFB4D" box="[684,774,1205,1231]" captionStart="Figs 1930" captionStartId="23.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,491,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-52@23.[189,1398,488,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs 1930. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 19. S. saltillo sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CNIN). 20. S. formosata (Strecker, 1878) (USNMENT01771263). 21. S. lampra Rindge, 1878, paratype (USNMENT01771264). 22. S. franckata (Pearsall, 1909) (USNMENT01771255). 23. Stamnodes sp. (?undescribed; Mexico: Nuevo León) (USNMENT01523823). 24. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (CNIN). 25. S. coenonymphata (Hulst, 1900) (TAM). 26. S. catarina sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352926). 27. S. churro sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (AMNH_IZC 00352920). 28. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (USNMENT01523824). 29. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CMNH). 30. S. ululata Pearsall, 1912 (USNMENT01771256). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376796/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034777871FCA5B0D6AF6AFB52" box="[786,818,1205,1232]" captionStart="Figs 5557" captionStartId="32.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[221,1302,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-15@32.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figs 5557. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 55. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (TAM- 2022-139, CNIN). 56. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-219, CNIN). 57. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype (TAM-2023-194, CMNH). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376817/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">55</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034777871FC89B0D6AFDFFB52" box="[830,903,1205,1232]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="61.[188,231,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="71.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1348,531,1903]" captionTargetBox-1="[190,1398,750,1875]" captionTargetId-0="figure-76@61.[189,1398,523,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-138@71.[189,1398,749,1882]" captionTargetPageId-0="61" captionTargetPageId-1="71" captionText-0="Fig. 94. COI neighbour-joining tree for Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858] using default Kimura-2P model in the Barcode of Life Project (BOLD). Taxon names followed by BOLD Process ID." captionText-1="Fig. 95. Biogeographic associations of Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. (*) denotes species found in two or more provinces. Underlying biogeographic provincial map taken from Morrone (2020: fig. 4.5) with permission to reproduce this figure granted by author Juan J. Morrone." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376835" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376837" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10376835/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10376837/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">9495</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34777871FF0AB094AE9AFA1A" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB094AE0DFAB6" blockId="48.[189,1398,1270,1332]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB77366B34777871FF0AB094AE0DFAB6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434777871FF0AB094AEE8FA93" author="Druce H." box="[189,688,1271,1297]" page="178" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1893">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634777871FF0AB094AEE8FA93" ID-CoL="97HLF" authority="Druce, 1893: 178" authorityName="Druce" authorityPageNumber="178" authorityYear="1893" box="[189,688,1271,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Marmopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FF0AB094AD97FA92" box="[189,463,1271,1296]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Marmopteryx patamon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434777871FE6DB094AEE8FA93" author="Druce H." box="[474,688,1271,1297]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="9 - 184" refId="ref38763" refString="Druce H. 1893. Fam. Geometridae. In: Godman F. D. C. &amp; Salvin O. (eds) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Heterocera, Vol. 2: 9 - 184. Dulau &amp; Co., London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 730" type="journal article" year="1893">Druce, 1893: 178</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, ibidem 3: pl. 58 figs 78.
<typeStatus id="54DCAFE734777871FBB2B094A867FA93" box="[1029,1087,1271,1297]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
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, Amula,
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734777871FF5DB179AD0FFAB6" box="[234,343,1306,1332]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534777871FED4B179AD98FAB6" box="[355,448,1306,1332]" name="Mexico" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. [NHMUK].
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB138AE9AFA1A" blockId="48.[189,1399,1371,1433]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB77366B34777871FF0AB138AE9AFA1A" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634777871FF0AB138ADF3FAF7" ID-CoL="4ZHLN" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[189,427,1371,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FF0AB138ADF3FAF7" box="[189,427,1371,1397]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stamnodes patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434777871FE7DB138AEC1FAF7" author="Scoble M. J." box="[458,665,1371,1397]" page="902" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434777871FE7DB138AEC1FAF7" author="Scoble M. J." box="[458,665,1371,1397]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="2" refId="ref41359" refString="Scoble M. J. 1999. Geometrid Moths of the World: A Catalogue. Vols 1 &amp; 2. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643101050" type="journal article" year="1999">Scoble 1999: 902</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434777871FCEDB138A8CAFAF7" author="Scoble M. J. &amp; Hausmann A." box="[858,1170,1371,1398]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref41395" refString="Scoble M. J. &amp; Hausmann A. 2007. Online list of valid and available names of the Geometridae of the World. Available from http: // www. herbulot. de / globalspecieslist. htm [accessed 20 Aug. 2022]." type="url" year="2007">Scoble &amp; Hausmann 2007</bibRefCitation>
(online catalogue). —
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434777871FEA7B11DAD86FA1B" author="Rajaei H. &amp; Hausmann A. &amp; Scoble M. &amp; Wanke D. &amp; Plotkin D. &amp; Brehm G. &amp; Murillo-Ramos L. &amp; Sihvonen P." box="[272,478,1406,1433]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 192" refId="ref41120" refString="Rajaei H., Hausmann A., Scoble M., Wanke D., Plotkin D., Brehm G., Murillo-Ramos L. &amp; Sihvonen P. 2022. An online taxonomic facility of Geometridae (Lepidoptera), with an overview of global species richness and systematics. Integrative Systematics 5 (2): 145 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.18476 / 2022.577933" type="journal article" year="2022">
Rajaei
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FED6B11CADC4FA1A" box="[353,412,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
2022
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(online catalogue).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34777871FF0AB1A3AF54F89A" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB1A3AD33FA58" blockId="48.[189,363,1472,1498]" box="[189,363,1472,1498]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D090A62934777871FF0AB1A3AD33FA58" bold="true" box="[189,363,1472,1498]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FF0AB1A3AD33FA58" bold="true" box="[189,363,1472,1498]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Redescription</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB18CA87EF9AE" blockId="48.[189,1399,1518,1580]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Druces original description of
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634777871FD9DB18CAEF6F98A" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[554,686,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FD9DB18CAEF6F98A" box="[554,686,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
did not include genitalic morphology. To his description, the following genitalic redescription and associated images are supplemented:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB237AE32F955" blockId="48.[189,1398,1619,1751]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934777871FF0AB237ACA7F9EE" baselines="1639,1639" box="[189,255,1620,1646]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Male" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">MALE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934777871FEB0B23AAD2DF9EE" baselines="1639" box="[263,373,1625,1644]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="genitalia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034777871FE30B230AD83F9EC" box="[391,475,1619,1646]" captionStart="Figs 5557" captionStartId="32.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[221,1302,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-15@32.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figs 5557. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 55. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (TAM- 2022-139, CNIN). 56. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-219, CNIN). 57. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype (TAM-2023-194, CMNH). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376817/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
). Uncus long, narrow, slightly enlarged at apex. Inner face of valva with about five, long, sickle-shaped sclerotized ribbons originating from basal tubercle. Juxta cat-faced with stiff, crossing, submedial setae on posterior surface. Vesica with large spinose cornutus and adjacent patch of several hundred filamentous cornuti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB29CAF54F89A" blockId="48.[189,780,1790,1817]" box="[189,780,1790,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934777871FF0AB29CAD4CF895" baselines="1810,1810" box="[189,276,1791,1817]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Female" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FEMALE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934777871FEABB367ADD2F895" baselines="1810" box="[284,394,1796,1815]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="genitalia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
. No material available for study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34777871FF0AB35CA8ABF84D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB35CAD0EF8DB" blockId="48.[189,342,1855,1881]" box="[189,342,1855,1881]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D090A62934777871FF0AB35CAD0EF8DB" bold="true" box="[189,342,1855,1881]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FF0AB35CAD0EF8DB" bold="true" box="[189,342,1855,1881]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534777871FF0AB30DA8ABF84D" blockId="48.[189,1398,1902,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534777871FF0AB30DAD43F80A" box="[189,283,1902,1928]" name="Mexico" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Mexico</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634777871FE91B30DAE4BF80A" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[294,531,1902,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734777871FE91B30DAE4BF80A" box="[294,531,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stamnodes patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is primarily known to inhabit the pine-oak forests of the Northern
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734777871FAA9B30DA92EF80A" box="[1310,1398,1902,1928]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
Highlands and Sierra Madre del Sur, ranging north and westward into the Sierra Madre Occidental to at least western
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734777871FEEBB3D6AD9EF84D" box="[348,454,1973,1999]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Durango</collectingRegion>
. Reviewed material was often collected at elevations around
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034777871FB24B3D6A8B7F84D" box="[1171,1263,1973,1999]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34767870FF0AB56BA947FDCD" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB56BAD44FEA0" blockId="49.[189,284,264,290]" box="[189,284,264,290]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D090A62934767870FF0AB56BAD44FEA0" bold="true" box="[189,284,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB56BAD44FEA0" bold="true" box="[189,284,264,290]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Biology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB554AF46FE1A" blockId="49.[189,1399,311,408]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF0AB554ADE8FED3" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[189,432,311,337]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB554ADE8FED3" box="[189,432,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stamnodes patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bi- or multivoltine, with adult records in March, April, May, and October. The immature stages of this taxon remain unknown, but its phylogenetic kin are mountain mahogany (
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF70B51DAD05FE1A" box="[199,349,382,408]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cercocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF70B51DAD05FE1A" box="[199,349,382,408]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cercocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) feeders (Matson &amp; Wagner in prep.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB5DCAE49FE5B" blockId="49.[189,529,447,473]" box="[189,529,447,473]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D090A62934767870FF0AB5DCAE49FE5B" bold="true" box="[189,529,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB5DCAE49FE5B" bold="true" box="[189,529,447,473]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Molecular characterization</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB58EA947FDCD" blockId="49.[189,1399,493,591]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF0AB58EADF2FD85" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[189,426,493,519]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB58EADF2FD85" box="[189,426,493,519]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stamnodes patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is represented in BOLD as BIN: BOLD:ABU6207 (n = 3). At present, the average pairwise intraspecific distance is 0.71%, the pairwise maximum intraspecific distance is 1.01%, and the distance to the nearest neighbour,
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FDFAB657AEACFDCC" box="[589,756,564,590]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FDFAB657AE94FDCC" box="[589,716,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stamnodes</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(?undescribed) (n = 1,
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734767870FBB1B657A8C5FDCC" box="[1030,1181,564,590]" country="Mexico" name="Nuevo Leon" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Nuevo León</collectingRegion>
), is 3.53%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34767873FF0AB616A869FCE5" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB616AD77FD0D" blockId="49.[189,303,629,655]" box="[189,303,629,655]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D090A62934767870FF0AB616AD77FD0D" bold="true" box="[189,303,629,655]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB616AD77FD0D" bold="true" box="[189,303,629,655]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB6C7AF89FCA5" blockId="49.[188,1399,676,808]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
During my review of this species, I came across individuals from the Sierra Madre Occidental that were located as far north and west as western
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734767870FD2EB6ABAF5BFD60" box="[665,771,712,738]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Durango</collectingRegion>
, which was surprising as I had previously considered
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF0AB688AD1AFC86" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[189,322,747,773]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB688AD1AFC86" box="[189,322,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be exclusive to the Sierra Madre del Sur. However, after examining the male genitalia of these individuals from
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734767870FE7CB76DAE6DFCAA" box="[459,565,782,808]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Durango</collectingRegion>
, I regard them as the same species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1841CD34767870FF0AB2BBAE99F86A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376833" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376833/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[189,242,1752,1778]" targetBox="[189,1398,904,1710]" targetPageId="49">
<paragraph id="8BD8114534767870FF0AB2BBAE99F86A" blockId="49.[188,1400,1752,2025]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB2BBAD16F970" bold="true" box="[189,334,1752,1778]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 9093.</emphasis>
Final instar larval variation of North American species of
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FB9FB2BBA937F971" authority="Guenee, [1858]" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[1064,1391,1752,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FB9FB2BBA8F0F970" box="[1064,1192,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stamnodes</emphasis>
Guenée, [1858]
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB298AC82F897" bold="true" box="[189,218,1787,1813]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">90</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF5AB298AE31F897" authority="Grossbeck, 1910" authorityName="Grossbeck" authorityYear="1910" box="[237,617,1787,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albiapicata">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF5AB298ADCBF897" box="[237,403,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. albiapicata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434767870FE29B298AE31F897" author="Grossbeck J. A." box="[414,617,1787,1813]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="199 - 207" refId="ref39187" refString="Grossbeck J. A. 1910. New species and one new genus of Geometridae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 18 (4): 199 - 207. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8189422 [accessed 13 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1910">Grossbeck, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, collected from
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FC86B298A936F897" authority="(Benth.) Constance" authorityName="Constance" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[817,1390,1787,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrophyllaceae" genus="Pholistoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FC86B298A825F897" box="[817,1149,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pholistoma membranaceum</emphasis>
(Benth.) Constance
</taxonomicName>
; USA: California: San Diego Co. (2017C29); photo credit Moria L. Robinson.
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FBD9B37DA8D3F8BA" bold="true" box="[1134,1163,1822,1848]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">91</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FB2AB37CAD01F8DE" authority="(Hulst, 1900)" authorityName="TAM" baseAuthorityName="Hulst" baseAuthorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coenonymphata">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FB2AB37CA92FF8BA" box="[1181,1399,1822,1849]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. coenonymphata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434767870FF72B322AD09F8DE" author="Hulst G. D." box="[197,337,1857,1884]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="102 - 107" refId="ref39668" refString="Hulst G. D. 1900. Some new species of Geometridae. The Canadian Entomologist 32 (4): 102 - 107. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 32102 - 4" type="journal article" year="1900">Hulst, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
collected from
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FDA5B321AF37F8DE" authority="Nutt." authorityName="Nutt." box="[530,879,1857,1884]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cercocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betuloides">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FDA5B321AF71F8D9" box="[530,809,1857,1884]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cercocarpus betuloides</emphasis>
Nutt.
</taxonomicName>
; USA: California: Sonoma Co. (2018E171).
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB306AC82F8FD" bold="true" box="[189,218,1893,1919]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">92</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF5DB306AE1EF8FD" authority="(Strecker, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Strecker" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[234,582,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosata">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF5DB306ADD8F8FD" box="[234,384,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. formosata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434767870FE27B306AE66F8FD" author="Strecker H." box="[400,574,1893,1919]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1862 - 1864" refId="ref41542" refString="Strecker H. 1878. Heterocera: Phalenidae. In: Ruffner E. H. (ed.) Annual Report upon Explorations and Surveys in the Department of the Missouri … Appendix SS Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers: 1862 - 1864. Washington Government Printing Office, Washington D. C. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51621" type="book chapter" year="1878">Strecker, 1878</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
collected from
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FCB3B306A80BF8FD" authority="Raf." authorityName="Raf." box="[772,1107,1893,1919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cercocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FCB3B306A84DF8FD" box="[772,1045,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cercocarpus montanus</emphasis>
Raf.
</taxonomicName>
; USA: Arizona: Cochise Co. (2014K98), photo credit David L. Wagner.
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FD53B3EBAF59F820" bold="true" box="[740,769,1928,1954]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">93</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FCA7B3EBA899F820" authority="Matson &amp; Wagner, 2020" authorityName="Matson &amp; Wagner" authorityYear="2020" box="[784,1217,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fergusoni">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FCA7B3EBAFC2F820" box="[784,922,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S. fergusoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434767870FC17B3EBA899F820" author="Matson T. A. &amp; Wagner D. L." box="[928,1217,1928,1954]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref40081" refString="Matson T. A. &amp; Wagner D. L. 2020. A new Stamnodes from the southwestern United States (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Larentiinae). ZooKeys 923: 79 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 923.48290" type="journal article" year="2020">Matson &amp; Wagner, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, collected from
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634767870FF0AB3C8AE84F847" authority="(Fernald) Wooton &amp; Standl." authorityName="Wooton &amp; Standl." baseAuthorityName="Fernald" box="[189,732,1963,1990]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinguifolia">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734767870FF0AB3C8ADD6F847" box="[189,398,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Salvia pinguifolia</emphasis>
(Fernald) Wooton &amp; Standl.
</taxonomicName>
; USA: New Mexico: Lincoln Co. (2018J32), photo credit David L. Wagner (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434767870FE22B3ADAEEDF86A" author="Matson T. A. &amp; Wagner D. L." box="[405,693,1998,2025]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref40081" refString="Matson T. A. &amp; Wagner D. L. 2020. A new Stamnodes from the southwestern United States (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Larentiinae). ZooKeys 923: 79 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 923.48290" type="journal article" year="2020">Matson &amp; Wagner 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD8114534757873FF0AB56AA869FCE5" blockId="50.[186,1400,265,872]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
A population that resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FDA4B56AAEC0FEA1" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[531,664,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FDA4B56AAEC0FEA1" box="[531,664,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FD1EB56AAEE0FEA1" box="[681,696,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. nr
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FD5DB569AF09FEA1" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[746,849,266,291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FD5DB569AF09FEA1" box="[746,849,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034757873FCC0B56AAF93FEA6" box="[887,971,265,292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,750,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-138@71.[189,1398,749,1882]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 95. Biogeographic associations of Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. (*) denotes species found in two or more provinces. Underlying biogeographic provincial map taken from Morrone (2020: fig. 4.5) with permission to reproduce this figure granted by author Juan J. Morrone." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376837/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
) also extends into the northernmost areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental. Vitor Becker collected individuals in Gómez Farías, Tamaulipas, in May of 1997, and in Cerro Potosí, Nuevo León, in June of 1997. Unfortunately, I could only examine photographs of this material sent to me by Becker, as all but
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC34757873FC15B513A81DFE0B" box="[930,1093,367,394]" count="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
are held in his collection in
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534757873FF69B5F2AD71FE29" box="[222,297,401,427]" name="Brazil" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, where regulations often prohibit biological material from leaving the country. However, one individual (
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034757873FEF0B5D7ADC5FE4C" box="[327,413,436,462]" captionStart="Figs 1930" captionStartId="23.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,491,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-52@23.[189,1398,488,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs 1930. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 19. S. saltillo sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CNIN). 20. S. formosata (Strecker, 1878) (USNMENT01771263). 21. S. lampra Rindge, 1878, paratype (USNMENT01771264). 22. S. franckata (Pearsall, 1909) (USNMENT01771255). 23. Stamnodes sp. (?undescribed; Mexico: Nuevo León) (USNMENT01523823). 24. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (CNIN). 25. S. coenonymphata (Hulst, 1900) (TAM). 26. S. catarina sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352926). 27. S. churro sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (AMNH_IZC 00352920). 28. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (USNMENT01523824). 29. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CMNH). 30. S. ululata Pearsall, 1912 (USNMENT01771256). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376796/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
) from Beckers collection in Cerro Potosí is deposited at the USNM and has been barcoded. This specimen appears somewhat aberrant compared to most of the rest of Beckers series and may represent yet another questionable entity. The COI barcode (BOLD Process ID: LNAUY180-19) was found to be 3.5% (pairwise) different from Oaxacan
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FCF5B679AF9CFDB6" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[834,964,538,564]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FCF5B679AF9CFDB6" box="[834,964,538,564]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FBF7B679A89AFDB6" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1088,1218,538,564]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FBF7B679A89AFDB6" box="[1088,1218,538,564]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Durango, Guerrero, Oaxaca, and the putative
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FDD7B65EAE36FDD5" box="[608,622,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. nr
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FD29B65EAF5DFDD4" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[670,773,573,598]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FD29B65EAF5DFDD4" box="[670,773,573,598]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
individuals from Nuevo León and Tamaulipas bear a subapical white patch on the forewing, this feature is lacking in the sequenced individual. The sequenced individual also has an overall lighter cream ground colour, and the medial transverse white patch on the hindwing underside appears straighter than the more arcing norm for
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FB83B6C0A8E3FD3E" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1076,1211,675,701]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FB83B6C0A8E3FD3E" box="[1076,1211,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Unfortunately, the sequenced individual is female, so I could not compare its genitalia to the entirely male series of
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FF08B684AD1CFC83" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[191,324,743,769]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FF08B684AD1CFC83" box="[191,324,743,769]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
available for this study, nor to the putative individuals of
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FC42B684A85BFC83" box="[1013,1027,743,769]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S</emphasis>
. nr
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FB83B68BA8C3FC83" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1076,1179,744,769]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FB83B68BA8C3FC83" box="[1076,1179,744,769]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">patamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Nuevo León and Tamaulipas in Beckers collection in
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534757873FD11B76AAEA9FCA1" box="[678,753,777,803]" name="Brazil" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. For now, the sequenced individual will be regarded as the sole representative of a potentially undescribed species that warrants further investigation. In the Discussion and
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034757873FEC0B72EAD96FCE5" box="[375,462,845,871]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[188,231,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1348,531,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-76@61.[189,1398,523,1919]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 94. COI neighbour-joining tree for Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858] using default Kimura-2P model in the Barcode of Life Project (BOLD). Taxon names followed by BOLD Process ID." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376835/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 94</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034757873FDB0B72EAE7FFCEA" box="[519,551,845,872]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,750,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-138@71.[189,1398,749,1882]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 95. Biogeographic associations of Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. (*) denotes species found in two or more provinces. Underlying biogeographic provincial map taken from Morrone (2020: fig. 4.5) with permission to reproduce this figure granted by author Juan J. Morrone." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376837/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">95</figureCitation>
, it is listed as
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634757873FD7BB72EAF2CFCEA" box="[716,884,845,872]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B913CD5734757873FD7BB72EAF13FCE5" box="[716,843,845,871]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Stamnodes</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(?undescribed).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>