315 lines
35 KiB
XML
315 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="F4E8FB5960B35B2BC03359B537CE2CAE" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.307.2.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13690171" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725504968881" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Anil Raj, K. N. & Manimohan, Patinjareveettil" docDate="2017" docId="03A787BCFFF22A3EFF63FA6A4FF9FBBA" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.307.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 307 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.307.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Entoloma wayanadense K. N. A. Raj & Manim. 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="104" masterDocId="FF9EFFC4FFF32A3DFFEBFFBC4F39FE73" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Entoloma subgenus Pouzarella from India" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1725505367120" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="7AA96E81AF65100B868E9796EF54A316" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="777A567530651733E473E9E38C3EFA53">
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<mods:title id="FBFC944C4E88FBBDEFDB48AD0CEF190C">Four new species of Entoloma subgenus Pouzarella from India</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4FD9EDD25D276615741CAD245051BA3C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="07D8F80D92491A0B1D820AF015EACC71">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5D3EBF510558FA875ECED63B73253EDC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="084A786D3ED719096C8D41A341933AFA">Anil Raj, K. N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="95C89FDD2601B25B8455CC890E0C18DC" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6DF7ED0B2158FD2598588F7D5CE1535A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="894C68FF0F7CDA3D61E8F1BBAB9960B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1DD5C91C55D6C9FACFD517FB74DF9B95">Manimohan, Patinjareveettil</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6639E7BCA2EE04D1BFBF6A059FA5570D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="0190D5D12A79390AF3C101CB2E97D087" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="51AE89D0117A3A54401BB3FBB965F08F">
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<mods:title id="AB83A19D78FBE37CFEB4A74D3587B39C">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="23AC0636163D85A8F0A31CF8D878A2C9">
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<mods:date id="3F6581488F6683BCD816221F6992FBC3">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D86C7E07E40923DA3F375F152E020682" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="108F3FD60114342113001EC9B5809E8C">2017-05-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="47E1D2AF3FEFDB18F313F5C032C724D4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A6ECDA48F8F4CF7659F72571B6F4E67D">307</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="F44F2E71817B3E1C0B68F5DA9B498404" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="1B8DE427E615D887888EC4AEA0F60BA4">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="0118FC4671CAE10BA44C7672D2EF4900" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="FDD871F09B6E8D95B3F24B6601F0434D">101</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A2A0CC054250C4CB4315D710C727029B">112</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="326BA6443BF10CC7A34EFEC5563C7BF7">
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<mods:url id="9856DFED146F7DC62B1870930B99F379">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.307.2.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="7C953EFF8BE0AE877922F94990353A7E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="81EC6077CACADB2A9BC47DA8A04EEFAD" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.307.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A376BF108065FADB8E6E1FDCFEBF4D71" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20A373821D651393193047D0E2EB2311" type="Zenodo-Dep">13690171</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A787BCFFF22A3EFF63FA6A4FF9FBBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787BCFFF22A3EFF63FA6A4FF9FBBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A787BCFFF22A3EFF63FA6A4FF9FBBA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<subSubSection id="C3146521FFF22A3CFF63FA6A4EABF860" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF22A3CFF63FA6A4CAAFB9C" blockId="1.[136,915,1494,1519]" box="[136,915,1494,1519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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||
<heading id="D0F981C6FFF22A3CFF63FA6A4CAAFB9C" box="[136,915,1494,1519]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF22A3CFF63FA6A4D94FB9C" ID-CoL="6FFPS" authority="K. N. A. Raj & Manim." authorityName="K. N. A. Raj & Manim." authorityYear="2017" box="[136,685,1494,1519]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF22A3CFF63FA6A4EA2FB9C" bold="true" box="[136,411,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Entoloma wayanadense</emphasis>
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K. N. A. Raj & Manim.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957C3FFF22A3CFD5CFA6A4C37FB9C" box="[695,782,1494,1519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF22A3CFD5CFA6A4C3FFB9C" box="[695,774,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">sp. nov</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="13352A2FFFF22A3CFCFEFA6A4CAAFB9C" box="[789,915,1494,1519]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1872,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,350,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-96@2.[151,1436,350,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A–F: Entoloma wayanadense (K(M) 191742, holotype). A–B. Basidiomata; C. Basidiospores; D. Basidium; E. Pileipellis; F. Stipitipellis. Scale bars: A–B = 10 mm; C–D= 10 μm; E–F= 100 μm. Photos by K. N. Anil Raj." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13690173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13690173/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Figs. 1A–F</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF22A3CFF63FA464EABF860" blockId="1.[136,402,1530,1555]" box="[136,402,1530,1555]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">MycoBank MB 820064</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3146521FFF22A3EFF63F9FE4FF9FBBA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF22A3CFF63F9FE4FCCF80C" blockId="1.[136,1452,1602,2059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to the Wayanad District of
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<collectingRegion id="49CAF848FFF22A3CFC54F9FE4B76F828" box="[959,1103,1602,1627]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
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where this species was first observed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF22A3CFF56F9364FCFF940" blockId="1.[136,1452,1602,2059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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Diagnosis:—Characterized by a greyish brown pileus beset with long (up to
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<quantity id="4CF69B4FFFF22A3CFBF1F9364B57F8D0" box="[1050,1134,1674,1699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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), recurved hairs; emarginate to almost decurrent lamellae; a stipe covered with long, loose hairs; absence of both cheilo- and pleurocystidia, basidiospores measuring (12–)14–17 × 8–11.5 μm, and distinctive ITS (KY643748) and nLSU (KY643723) sequences. Differing from
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF22A3CFED1F94A4D60F97C" authorityName="Noordeloos" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Rea" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[314,601,1782,1807]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="strigosissimum">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF22A3CFED1F94A4D60F97C" box="[314,601,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Entoloma strigosissimum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a fertile lamella-edge, a tropical location, and a distinctive ITS sequence.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF22A3CFF56F8824E04F908" blockId="1.[136,1452,1602,2059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<materialsCitation id="3B663CF7FFF22A3CFF56F8824E04F908" collectingDate="2010-11-16" collectorName="K. N. Anil Raj" country="India" location="Tirunelli Forest" municipality="Wayanad District" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54B58808FFF22A3CFF56F8824E11F924" box="[189,296,1854,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:—
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<collectingCountry id="F319763AFFF22A3CFEA1F8824EA4F924" box="[330,413,1854,1879]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49CAF848FFF22A3CFE4CF8824D0CF924" box="[423,565,1854,1879]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACD0FFF22A3CFDD4F8824C3CF924" box="[575,773,1854,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Wayanad District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8ED16071FFF22A3CFCFBF8824CF8F924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787BCFFF22A3EFF63FA6A4FF9FBBA:8ED16071FFF22A3CFCFBF8824CF8F924" box="[784,961,1854,1879]" country="India" municipality="Wayanad District" name="Tirunelli Forest" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" stateProvince="Kerala">Tirunelli Forest</location>
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,
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<date id="FFB0106AFFF22A3CFC27F8824B91F924" box="[972,1192,1854,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" value="2010-11-16">
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<collectingDate id="EFF4E982FFF22A3CFC27F8824B91F924" box="[972,1192,1854,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" value="2010-11-16">16 November 2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF22A3CFB58F8824A95F924" box="[1203,1452,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<collectorName id="26FB537CFFF22A3CFB58F8824A6CF924" box="[1203,1365,1854,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">K. N. Anil Raj</collectorName>
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, AR522
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</emphasis>
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(K(M) 191742).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF22A3FFF56F83A4D62FF3A" blockId="1.[136,1452,1602,2059]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,160,329]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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Description:—
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF22A3CFE8EF83A4EC0F9EC" box="[357,505,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Basidiocarps</emphasis>
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small, mycenoid.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF22A3CFD20F83A4C28F9EC" box="[715,785,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Pileus</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CF69B4FFFF22A3CFCF2F83A4CBCF9EC" box="[793,901,1926,1951]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="7.0">7–14 mm</quantity>
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diam., somewhat convex or conico-convex with or without a small central umbo; surface grayish brown (7E3/OAC627) or brown (7E4/OAC626) at the center and grayish orange (5B3/OAC759) or pale orange-gray (5B2/OAC760) elsewhere, not hygrophanous, not pellucid-striate, with long (up to
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<quantity id="4CF69B4FFFF22A3CFEA8F84E4EAEF678" box="[323,407,2034,2059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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), recurved hairs all over; margin initially incurved and crenate, becoming almost straight and finely wavy with age.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFE91FF1C4EDBFECA" box="[378,482,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Lamellae</emphasis>
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emarginate with a small decurrent tooth or almost decurrent, close, brownish gray (7C2/ OAC506) or brownish orange (7C3/OAC611), up to
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<quantity id="4CF69B4FFFF12A3FFD3FFF784C2DFEAE" box="[724,788,196,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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wide, with lamellulae in 2–3 tiers; edge entire, concolorous with faces.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFEEDFF544E07FF72" box="[262,318,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Stipe</emphasis>
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22–38 ×
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<quantity id="4CF69B4FFFF12A3FFE4EFF544D2EFF72" box="[421,535,232,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.0">1–2.5 mm</quantity>
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, central, terete, equal, hollow; orange-gray (6B2/OAC669) or brownish gray (6E2/ OAC724) or brown (6
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3A506DFFF12A3FFE6FFEB04EF9FF56" box="[388,448,268,293]" degrees="4, 6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" precision="5555" value="4.6">E4, 6</geoCoordinate>
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E5/OAC638), covered with long, loose hairs all over; base with a small amount of basal mycelium.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFEEDFE8C4E78FF3A" box="[262,321,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Odor</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFE93FE8C4E94FF3A" box="[376,429,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">taste</emphasis>
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not distinctive.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF716622FFF12A3FFF63F8EC4B02F9FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13690173" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13690173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13690173/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" startId="2.[136,229,1872,1893]" targetBox="[151,1435,350,1844]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF12A3FFF63F8EC4B02F9FA" blockId="2.[136,1452,1872,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFF63F8EC4E00F916" bold="true" box="[136,313,1872,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">FIGURE 1. A–F:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF12A3FFEABF8EC4D1CF916" box="[320,549,1872,1893]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFEABF8EC4D1CF916" box="[320,549,1872,1893]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Entoloma wayanadense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(K(M) 191742, holotype).
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFCC4F8EC4C5BF916" bold="true" box="[815,866,1872,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">A–B.</emphasis>
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Basidiomata;
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFC05F8EC4CC6F916" bold="true" box="[1006,1023,1872,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
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. Basidiospores;
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFB4BF8EC4B88F916" bold="true" box="[1184,1201,1872,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
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. Basidium;
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFAC3F8EC4A01F916" bold="true" box="[1320,1336,1872,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">E</emphasis>
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. Pileipellis;
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFF63F8C84FA4F9FA" bold="true" box="[136,157,1908,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">F.</emphasis>
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Stipitipellis. Scale bars:
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFE61F8C84E8EF9FA" bold="true" box="[394,439,1908,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">A–B</emphasis>
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= 10 mm;
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFDCAF8C84D76F9FA" bold="true" box="[545,591,1908,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">C–D</emphasis>
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= 10 μm;
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFD45F8C84DDEF9FA" bold="true" box="[686,743,1908,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">E–F=</emphasis>
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100 μm. Photos by K. N. Anil Raj.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF12A3EFF56F8054BE5FC36" blockId="2.[136,1451,1977,2074]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,160,1481]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFF56F8054E62F9A1" box="[189,347,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Basidiospores</emphasis>
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(12–)14–17 × 8–11.5 (15.61±1.02 × 9.57±0.86) μm, Q = 1.3–1.8, Qm = 1.63, rather nodulose-multiangled, heterodiametric-ovate, with 7–8 concave or flat facets, pale brownish yellow, thick-walled.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFACFF8614A43F985" box="[1316,1402,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Basidia</emphasis>
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25– 49 × 12–18 μm, clavate, pale yellow, thin- to slightly thick-walled, 4-spored; sterigmata up to 5 μm long.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF12A3FFAFAF7BD4A92F669" box="[1297,1451,2049,2074]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Lamella-edge</emphasis>
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fertile.
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFF37FF1C4E47FECA" box="[220,382,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFE52FF1C4D61FECA" box="[441,600,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pleurocystidia</emphasis>
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none.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFD42FF1C4C65FECA" box="[681,860,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
|
||
subregular; hyphae 5–9 μm wide, with a brownish yellow wall pigment and dark brown external encrustations, thin- to slightly thick-walled.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFB44FF784A75FEAE" box="[1199,1356,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Subhymenium</emphasis>
|
||
narrow.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFF63FF544E20FF72" box="[136,281,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Pileus trama</emphasis>
|
||
subregular; hyphae 4–14 μm wide, with a pale brownish yellow wall pigment and dark brown external spiral encrustations, thin- to slightly thick-walled.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFD39FEB04C7DFF56" box="[722,836,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Pileipellis</emphasis>
|
||
a cutis disrupted by trichodermal patches; appressed hyphae 10.5–24 μm wide, with a pale yellowish brown wall pigment and dark brown external encrustations, thin- to slightly thick-walled; hyphae of trichodermal patches composed of short inflated basal cells and narrow or setiform terminal elements; basal cells 35–40 × 17.5–22.5 μm, thick-walled, with brown external encrusting pigment; terminal cells narrow or setiform, with a dark brown intraparietal pigment, without external encrustations, thick-walled, widely septate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFEDCFE7C4E8EFFAA" box="[311,439,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
|
||
a trichoderm, made up of loose long, entangled hyphae; hyphae 4–8 μm wide, with a pale brownish yellow wall pigment and fine, dark brown external encrustations, thick-walled; terminal cells 19–115 × 8–11 μm, cylindrical with a tapering or obtuse apex, with a yellowish brown wall pigment and fine, dark brown external encrustations, thick-walled.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFE2FFD904D59FC36" box="[452,608,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Caulocystidia</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFD57FD904CADFC36" box="[700,916,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Clamp connections</emphasis>
|
||
not observed on any hyphae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF02A3EFF56FDEC4A4AFC1A" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1481]" box="[189,1395,592,617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Habitat:—scattered or in small groups, on the forest floor, among decaying leaf litter, under broadleaf trees.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF02A3EFF56FDC84BF9FCFE" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1481]" box="[189,1216,628,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
Geographical distribution range:—known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B58808FFF02A3EFCD3FDC84C51FCFE" box="[824,872,628,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF848FFF02A3EFC0CFDC84B4DFCFE" box="[999,1140,628,653]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F319763AFFF02A3EFB94FDC84B85FCFE" box="[1151,1212,628,653]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF02A3EFF56FD244D05FCA6" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
Additional specimens examined:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F319763AFFF02A3EFDA1FD244DA5FCC2" box="[586,668,664,689]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF848FFF02A3EFD4DFD244C0DFCC2" box="[678,820,664,689]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Wayanad District, Tirunelli Forest,
|
||
<date id="FFB0106AFFF02A3EFB27FD244A9EFCC2" box="[1228,1447,664,689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2009-11-27">27 November 2009</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFF63FD004E1FFCA6" box="[136,294,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">K. N. Anil Raj</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFED8FD004EB9FCA6" box="[307,384,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">AR135</emphasis>
|
||
(K(M) 191743).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF02A3EFF56FD5C4E9FFABE" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
Comments:—The grayish brown pileus with a hairy surface, the hairy stipe, the nodulose-angular basidiospores and the dark brown external encrustations on all hyphae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFCDEFCB84CD4FD6E" box="[821,1005,772,797]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFCDEFCB84CD4FD6E" box="[821,1005,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are hallmarks of the section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFAD6FCB84A92FD6E" box="[1341,1451,772,797]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="section" section="Dysthales">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFAD6FCB84A92FD6E" box="[1341,1451,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Dysthales</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the subg.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFEFEFC944EAFFD32" box="[277,406,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFEFEFC944EAAFD32" box="[277,403,808,833]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Pouzarella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Pouzarella</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFE75FC944BB6FD32" authority="(Rea 1920: 325) Noordeloos (1979: 211)" authorityName="Noordeloos" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Rea" baseAuthorityPageNumber="325" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[414,1167,808,833]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="strigosissimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFE75FC944D83FD32" box="[414,698,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Entoloma strigosissimum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFD21FC944C48FD32" author="Rea, C." box="[714,881,808,833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref9285" refString="Rea, C. (1920) New or Rare British Fungi Transactions of the British Mycological Society 6 (4): 325." type="book" year="1920">Rea 1920: 325</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFC6AFC944BB6FD32" author="Noordeloos, M. E." box="[897,1167,808,833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="207 - 243" refId="ref8816" refString="Noordeloos, M. E. (1979) Entoloma subgenus Pouzaromyces emend in Europe. Persoonia. 10 (2): 207 - 243." type="journal article" year="1979">Noordeloos (1979: 211)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a species found in North America (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFF11FCF04EAAFD16" author="Mazzer, S. J." box="[250,403,844,869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 191" refId="ref8791" refString="Mazzer, S. J. (1976) A monographic study of the genus Pouzarella. Bibliotheca Mycologica 46: 1 - 191." type="journal article" year="1976">Mazzer 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Europe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFDD0FCF04C3FFD16" author="Noordeloos, M. E." box="[571,774,844,869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 760" refId="ref8869" refString="Noordeloos, M. E. (1992) Entoloma s. l. Fungi Europaei 5: 1 - 760." type="book chapter" year="1992">Noordeloos 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), resembles the present species in having a conico-convex pileus, the same densely hairy surface features of the pileus and stipe, a similar size and shape to the basidiospores and the same cellular structure of the pileipellis. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFCCEFC284CD4FDDE" authorityName="Noordeloos" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Rea" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[805,1005,916,941]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="strigosissimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFCCEFC284CD4FDDE" box="[805,1005,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. strigosissimum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFB68FC284A03FDDE" box="[1155,1338,916,941]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFB68FC284A03FDDE" box="[1155,1338,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a sterile lamella-edge with cheilocystidia and also it occurs in temperate regions. A pairwise comparison of the ITS sequence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFEFFFC604EF3FD86" box="[276,458,988,1013]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFEFFFC604EF3FD86" box="[276,458,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFDB2FC604C18FD86" authorityName="Noordeloos" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Rea" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[601,801,988,1013]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="strigosissimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFDB2FC604C18FD86" box="[601,801,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. strigosissimum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(JF908004) showed no similarity with an e-value of zero. No nLSU sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFE4AFBBC4D55FA6A" authorityName="Noordeloos" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Rea" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[417,620,1024,1049]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="strigosissimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFE4AFBBC4D55FA6A" box="[417,620,1024,1049]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. strigosissimum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are available for comparison.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFC38FBBC4E42FA4E" authority="(E. Horak 1980: 38) Noordel. & Co-David" authorityName="Noordel. & Co-David" baseAuthorityName="E. Horak" baseAuthorityPageNumber="38" baseAuthorityYear="1980" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="horridum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFC38FBBC4B8DFA6A" box="[979,1204,1024,1049]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Entoloma horridum</emphasis>
|
||
(E.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFB00FBBC4A9AFA6A" author="Horak, E." box="[1259,1443,1024,1049]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref8253" refString="Horak, E. (1980) Entoloma (Agaricales) in Indomalaya and Australasia. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 65: 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1980">Horak 1980: 38</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) Noordel. & Co-David
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFE75FB984DEDFA4E" author="Co-David, D. & Langeveld, D. & Noordeloos, M. E." box="[414,724,1060,1085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="147 - 176" refId="ref8036" refString="Co-David, D., Langeveld, D. & Noordeloos, M. E. (2009) Molecular phylogeny and spore evolution of Entolomataceae. Persoonia 23: 147 - 176." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Co-David
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFDF8FB984D72FA4E" box="[531,587,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009: 169)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F319763AFFF02A3EFCFCFB984CD7FA4E" box="[791,1006,1060,1085]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
is somewhat similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFB1DFB984A92FA4E" box="[1270,1451,1060,1085]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFB1DFB984A92FA4E" box="[1270,1451,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having long strigose hairs on the pileus, emarginate lamellae and lamella-edges lacking cheilocystidia. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFA78FBF44FCBFAF6" authorityName="Noordel. & Co-David" baseAuthorityName="E. Horak" baseAuthorityYear="1980" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="horridum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFA78FBF44FCBFAF6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. horridum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFE6EFBD04D02FAF6" box="[389,571,1132,1157]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFE6EFBD04D02FAF6" box="[389,571,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having dark brown basidiomata, a plano-convex or subdepressed pileus and smaller-sized (11–14 × 6–8 μm) basidiospores (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5BFFF02A3EFD70FB2C4C1CFADA" author="Horak, E." box="[667,805,1168,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref8253" refString="Horak, E. (1980) Entoloma (Agaricales) in Indomalaya and Australasia. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 65: 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1980">Horak 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The ITS and the nLSU sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFB3BFB2C4A60FADA" authorityName="Noordel. & Co-David" baseAuthorityName="E. Horak" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1232,1369,1168,1193]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="horridum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFB3BFB2C4A60FADA" box="[1232,1369,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. horridum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not available for comparison.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AAFFF02A3EFF56FB644FF9FBBA" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
The ITS (419 bp) and the nLSU (560 bp) sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFCDBFB644CDFFA82" box="[816,998,1240,1265]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFCDBFB644CDFFA82" box="[816,998,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seem to be distinct. Megablast searches of the GenBank nucleotide database using these sequences did not result in any significantly close hits. A pairwise comparison of the ITS sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFDD8FA9C4DD5FB4A" box="[563,748,1312,1337]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFDD8FA9C4DD5FB4A" box="[563,748,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with those of the other three species described in this paper showed no similarity with an e-value of zero. The pairwise comparison of the nLSU sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFB2CFAF84A44FB2E" box="[1223,1405,1348,1373]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFB2CFAF84A44FB2E" box="[1223,1405,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFF63FAD44E32FBF2" box="[136,267,1384,1409]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tropicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFF63FAD44E32FBF2" box="[136,267,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. tropicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showed 89% similarity with an e-value of zero. However, the nLSU sequence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFB72FAD44A76FBF2" box="[1177,1359,1384,1409]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wayanadense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFB72FAD44A76FBF2" box="[1177,1359,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. wayanadense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showed no similarity to the nLSU sequences of the other two species, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFC97FA304B2EFBD6" box="[892,1047,1420,1445]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="peechiense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFC97FA304B2EFBD6" box="[892,1047,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. peechiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D29FFF02A3EFBA4FA304BECFBD6" box="[1103,1237,1420,1445]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="silvanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAB8FFF02A3EFBA4FA304BECFBD6" box="[1103,1237,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">E. silvanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with an e-value of zero.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |