334 lines
38 KiB
XML
334 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90896ad2-5547-4c2d-a586-0731b24da836" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-65" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E1675CC6B9215C2B9BE63C0A4C04BDE4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575682" ID-ZooBank="8F1433EBEF784277B0B6CF4E227D4642" ModsDocID="1860-1324-61-1-65" checkinTime="1621372702755" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hita Garcia, Francisco & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2014" docId="5A91888A19021821B8748E2FC6731641" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 61(1): 65-76" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (1)" docPubDate="2014-05-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634" docTitle="Probolomyrmex curculiformis Hita Garcia & Fisher 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="ABC95DCB-B3CF-428B-BE9F-D112B77D7159" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="E1675CC6B9215C2B9BE63C0A4C04BDE4" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="E1675CC6B9215C2B9BE63C0A4C04BDE4" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the cryptic ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1732480517424" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="02A759C98E63335EB0680AE9CF5630A6">Taxonomic revision of the cryptic ant genus Probolomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A0BA36D72D184D5F70C570C1E6AE9B9E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6125CC906F563F3F5460B89E9AEE53C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0FDF6F07060F6B63EA50DA2146F27F04">Hita Garcia, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F9A6E03E8FF5BC145D4342C49BB14B5F">Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="353078F5220EE1C32D4E9B035C9D7523" type="email">fhitagarcia@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A286D404824BFD20FEF2CC165B2DE5CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="21CA23F177CA25F48A0F7211B6FFF490">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="739666EB6BA386EC42DE41D313C52485">Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D6D87D5C6D47F021AF16A82D004EE190">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DEFCE528AE8C57FED7FA929C5777D711">
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<mods:date id="C11F4B1037AE83B1CDC5590D40D87315">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E9F3E313730DC0571C0D2BFFDBAE6896">2014-05-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="974150FE310FC19B1A633D571BD2BC43">61</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="074C62ECCE584919D28F47D04ADD967C">65</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="5DE59C394C890808C57E64F266643BD7">76</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="CF25AC48C4B8B42E7B572A12C0750469">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6DB1871FE51C874C5DF5C487494D05A4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C6A1AB08363ECAFA542F8E9BE0C3DD82" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7634</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5A91888A19021821B8748E2FC6731641" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223817" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ABC95DCB-B3CF-428B-BE9F-D112B77D7159" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A91888A19021821B8748E2FC6731641" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="5BEAD7C00E5CA3570255A593BCCC8125" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A92C0FD448FF749948A9D2C3993A2380" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="14ADFB672A316174E26050AF0EEF0E32" ID-CoL="CMPPQ" LSID="http://zoobank.org/ABC95DCB-B3CF-428B-BE9F-D112B77D7159" authority="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis" status="sp. n.">Probolomyrmex curculiformis Hita Garcia & Fisher</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C001F2F20AF74AAE9D8CF89506EDEC14" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="535BF22CDEC7C1DDA2191B1ACA8F421F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Petiole in profile view. A Probolomyrmex tani (CASENT 0243185) B Probolomyrmex curculiformis (CASENT 0469570) C Probolomyrmex zahamena (CASENT 0914279)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7816" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0BEBAD974EECE8E6CF51FF29D2DF35F6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head in full-face view and mesosoma in profile. A, B Probolomyrmex zahamena (CASENT 0914279) C, D Probolomyrmex curculiformis (CASENT 0469570)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7817" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">, 2C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="817286F1F776E40D24727D5897B6A697" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Probolomyrmex curculiformis sp. n. holotype worker (CASENT 0469570). A Body in profile B Body in dorsal view C Head in full-face view." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7818" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">, 3C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="30A0C67DE7E54A377465145C3C5A8B5C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Geographic distribution maps of Madagascar for Probolomyrmex curculiformis, Probolomyrmex tani, and Probolomyrmex zahamena. Star symbols represent type localities while circles represent non-type localities." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7821" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1289930AEF86F5AF6907A34AAECF1C40" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="B8C3BD950CFEFED1EFDC5CE6A0EF593B" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B1A6041F9ECB583658A4060FD33507D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="3453967A28BE1D3C2EBBECC883522B89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Holotype</emphasis>
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, pinned worker, MADAGASCAR, Mahajanga, Parc National
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<normalizedToken id="4F54F8223BE6122E05355A554AB1E0F3" originalValue="d’Ankarafantsika">d'Ankarafantsika</normalizedToken>
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, Ampijoroa Station
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<normalizedToken id="1D0FB4751A386B99BCE141C9C007E4E0" originalValue="Forestière">Forestiere</normalizedToken>
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, 5.4 km 331° NW Andranofasika,
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<geoCoordinate id="A5C0E0F78D7FB6098AE050DD364CB5F3" degrees="16.29889" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.29889">16.29889°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="306AA60855BC0B7FFA81D2529250A9FD" degrees="46.813" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="46.813">46.813°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 70 m, tropical dry forest, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood), collection code BLF03571, 26.III.-1.IV.2001 (
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<emphasis id="EA67C8F57ABCD54586895F5B6579CE48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Rabeson et al.</emphasis>
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) (CASC: CASENT0469570).
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<emphasis id="FE943BE2FC91817072EEA037651012F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Paratypes</emphasis>
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, nine pinned workers with same data as holotype (BMNH: CASENT0469574; CASC: CASENT0469571; CASENT0469572; CASENT0469573; CASENT0469575; CASENT0469576; CASENT0469577; CASENT0469579; MCZ: CASENT0469578); and one pinned worker from Mahajanga, Parc National
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<normalizedToken id="EA343DC518E54A6672E13BB221C477C5" originalValue="d’Ankarafantsika">d'Ankarafantsika</normalizedToken>
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, Ampijoroa Station
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<normalizedToken id="C78BEC29BCD08271F261C3E1621F2B26" originalValue="Forestière">Forestiere</normalizedToken>
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, 40 km 306° NW Andranofasika,
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<geoCoordinate id="F5E623A23B658DF84FDC109131F0FF23" degrees="16.32083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.32083">16.32083°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7E43C9F48C74E5B3A185513948307A70" degrees="46.81067" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.81067">46.81067°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 130 m, tropical dry forest, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood), collection code BLF03522, 26.III.-1.IV.2001 (
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<emphasis id="50B588850973227DFEB264FB885B0E79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B.L. Fisher et al.</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B155FC125B12AF9CD743445FF572C2AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="non-type material">
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<paragraph id="7B57EF1A5C6D9D906816EA8B84A08174" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Non-type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A91BAE6C14D0EAD9F97DA94B69C09810" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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MADAGASCAR: Antsiranana,
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<normalizedToken id="FA4CF48D7C01E28FB1DF8149335C348A" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="473E74094E74612D86421372B700C9E3" originalValue="d’Anabohazo">d'Anabohazo</normalizedToken>
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, 21.6 km 247° WSW Maromandia,
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<geoCoordinate id="72A1067E62B5DB9D4EDBE242844F2EEF" degrees="14.30889" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.30889">14.30889°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="0C860D0F937AD379A14426B05DB772FF" degrees="47.91433" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.91433">47.91433°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 120 m, tropical dry forest, 11.-16.III.2001 (
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<emphasis id="656BE1360EE42DBB0AB8233212BA368A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B.L. Fisher et al.</emphasis>
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) (CASC: CASENT0458322; CASENT0458323); Mahajanga, Parc National
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<normalizedToken id="051BA025E0E88487CDBD7883E47F9410" originalValue="d’Ankarafantsika">d'Ankarafantsika</normalizedToken>
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, Ampijoroa Station
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<normalizedToken id="2F726253D335BED76CEB2CE4E708DB82" originalValue="Forestière">Forestiere</normalizedToken>
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, 40 km 306° NW Andranofasika,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7C25BD219649BA745C528879CFDB7E" degrees="16.32083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.32083">16.32083°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="2B57FD56A15A36B74FA0625295865E13" degrees="46.81067" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.81067">46.81067°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 130 m, tropical dry forest, 26.III.-1.IV.2001 (
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<emphasis id="4C8D429A30FF4FDF1B28BB2D2EB40342" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B.L. Fisher et al.</emphasis>
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) (CASC: CASENT0465467; CASENT0465863); Mahajanga,
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<normalizedToken id="E774642259E3681C309F989D4446D831" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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de Tsimembo, 8.7 km 336° NNW Soatana,
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<geoCoordinate id="BDD3DD19749812015C6A756EF6BEE902" degrees="19.02139" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.02139">19.02139°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7696BDBFC2F3F2086B5076010BFE544F" degrees="44.44067" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.44067">44.44067°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 20 m, tropical dry forest, 21.-25.XI.2001 (
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<emphasis id="F85EE726D9CBDEA9F5EA11A9FB08DEDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B.L. Fisher et al.</emphasis>
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) (CASC: CASENT0080550); Mahajanga, Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha, 3.4 km 93° E Bekopaka, Tombeau Vazimba,
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<geoCoordinate id="80D1FCFFA69D740714BFAEE211014196" degrees="19.14194" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.14194">19.14194°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="78E508BCACC9D15C10933B52021120C7" degrees="44.828" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="44.828">44.828°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 50 m, tropical dry forest, 6.-10.XI.2001 (
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<emphasis id="ACAE18BA3C892275F1F4CFA18DF21180" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B.L. Fisher et al.</emphasis>
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) (CASC: CASENT0477984; CASENT0477985; CASENT0477986); Toliara, Tulear, Berenty, 12 km N.W. Amboasary,
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<geoCoordinate id="6B426F09C5FC666B00302851268AF728" degrees="24.251889" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.251888">24.251889°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="BC6EBBDE5ED47866F9ECDAED508A8DDB" degrees="45.860894" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.860893">45.860894°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 5.-15.V.1983 (
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<emphasis id="6927F4A6AFDC282E12C126570FC3AC9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">J.S. Noyes & M.C. Day</emphasis>
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) (BMNH: CASENT0102226); Toliara, Parc National de Tsimanampetsotsa,
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<normalizedToken id="4C69F8F71106D83E274EF9CD3848BB64" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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de Bemanateza, 20.7 km 81° E Efoetse, 23.0 km 131° SE Beheloka,
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<geoCoordinate id="C14FBC76BDDFF0A76F5BF36BFFE36527" degrees="23.99222" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.99222">23.99222°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C2032942F01D28431718C0A7C7A46B0B" degrees="43.88067" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="43.88067">43.88067°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 90 m, 22.-26.III.2002 (
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<emphasis id="7FB70DFA7EB68C2AF1C4E278F482EF17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B.L. Fisher et al.</emphasis>
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) (CASC: CASENT0004401).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="03A0B3BDA29AD4EFE547CDFFFA8C10C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D87A890C0C670367299FD7B816EB791C" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="52C583DCB5904F3568ED526EC78C8BB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="6F2D4FC82F77644926F11A020EE89082" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
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<emphasis id="4C3065365CCFE0133C1CA9E1D5D45C96" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is easily distinguishable from the other Malagasy congeners on the basis of the following character combination: head in full-face view around 1.5 to 1.6 times longer than broad (CI 62-65); SI 91-94; mesosomal outline straight without metanotal groove; hind tibia around 1.1 to 1.2 times shorter than head width (HTLI 83-92); petiole shorter, higher and stronger arched, in profile (without ventral process) between 1.0 to 1.2 times longer than high (LPNeI 107-116), in dorsal view petiole around 1.2 to 1.3 times longer than broad (DPeI 76-82).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DEE76B072E5846E243343114421FC289" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="worker measurements">
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<paragraph id="D0513B306160ED40F61FD6143A004440" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Worker measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BFC8DCCF31E372C9BFB99004BFB9091C" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="24F81B82273EE6B018C3C9998D4E9BA8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">(N=15).</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="A1DDE6CE5A5980055E080FF755C7AA33" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">HL</emphasis>
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0.57-0.60 (0.59);
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<emphasis id="ADFD9FA3498B8CFEBD1071507447EA91" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">HW</emphasis>
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0.37-0.39 (0.38);
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<emphasis id="A7C4706DA0712150FC34D1E98A3D1C92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">SL</emphasis>
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34-37 (0.35);
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<emphasis id="B89A483AE28D78299FAE8EAFE58B8F5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">WL</emphasis>
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0.71-0.76 (0.74);
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<emphasis id="543BD8B93D9B37BACD6EBFCD01BB1B46" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PH</emphasis>
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0.24-0.26 (0.25);
|
||
<emphasis id="C070662DA6EBE554F9C790E2F9BD76B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PW</emphasis>
|
||
0.27-0.32 (0.30);
|
||
<emphasis id="FE2D4F87CD39E27FD7576FC849B02A1B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">HTL</emphasis>
|
||
0.32-0.35 (0.33);
|
||
<emphasis id="A1B4F44556D03CA83C9B461DD2B52C88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PeH</emphasis>
|
||
0.27-0.32 (0.29);
|
||
<emphasis id="A34404D259ED7230B2238CDFACDC5E9F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PeNH</emphasis>
|
||
0.20-0.23 (0.21);
|
||
<emphasis id="F666597DFBB0110A245FCCEAF593B075" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PeNL</emphasis>
|
||
0.22-0.25 (0.24);
|
||
<emphasis id="C1FD2346A814BC34C46D0A1C733CBAC2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PeW</emphasis>
|
||
0.18-0.19 (0.19);
|
||
<emphasis id="6785A91163B5B6A57B5DAA6698C1F9DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">CI</emphasis>
|
||
62-65 (0.64);
|
||
<emphasis id="2444CB064E638B9973E1A5242E59A600" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">SI</emphasis>
|
||
91-94 (93);
|
||
<emphasis id="FB4D35328BC9CD4126582A6EA6CC5958" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">LMI</emphasis>
|
||
33-35 (0.34);
|
||
<emphasis id="C391819E6DA32C3E03A27D43F2F1522E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">HTLI</emphasis>
|
||
83-92 (88);
|
||
<emphasis id="A974897EE94C5B7C53376EC777292414" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">DPeI</emphasis>
|
||
76-82 (79);
|
||
<emphasis id="2F87CC31189C4D4A1970C3ECA11618C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">LPeI</emphasis>
|
||
76-86 (80);
|
||
<emphasis id="BE712221C46757C8E2EED23B7DDD5662" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">LPeNI</emphasis>
|
||
107-116 (110);
|
||
<emphasis id="201EE8D4BD13B7FE229BCBAA9BA01DE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">PeNI</emphasis>
|
||
60-67 (63).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6C174AC1408BC4767B2849E73081A49" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="worker description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1C47DC251F0097D411B6FA8B900CC5AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Worker description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B341FA38C7E8277506984D7B3515F2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">In full-face view head between 1.5 to 1.6 times longer than broad (CI 62-65), posterior head margin more or less flat; lateral margins of head convex, broadest medially, posterolateral corners rounded; clypeus and anterior part of frons strongly protruding anteriorly as narrow frontoclypeal, subrectangular shelf or socket; antennal sockets exposed and closely approximated, separated by a thin, vertical lamella formed by fused frontal carinae; mandibles small, triangular to elongate-triangular, masticatory margin armed with one larger apical tooth and a series of six smaller denticles, in full-face view mandibles obscured by frontoclypeal shelf; palp formula 4,2; eyes absent; antennae 12-segmented, funicular antenommeres growing in size and width towards apex without forming well defined antennal club, apical antennomere much larger than remaining funicular antenommeres, antennal scape short (SI 91-94), far from reaching posterior head margin. Mesosoma slender, long, and relatively low (LMI 33-35), in profile mesosomal outline flat; propleurae enlarged and projecting ventrally; promesonotal suture and metanotal groove absent; declivitous face of propodeum margined by low, obtuse, and concave lamella on each side, propodeal lamella posterodorsally and posteroventrally with small, blunt tooth or rounded lobe; posterior declivity of propodeum weakly concave in dorsal view. Legs long and slender; all tibiae with single, pectinate spur; pretarsal claws simple without median tooth; hind tibia around 1.1 to 1.2 times shorter than head width (HTLI 83-92). In profile petiole with subpetiolar process around 1.2 to 1.3 times higher than long (LPeI 76-86), petiole without subpetiolar process around 1.1 to 1.2 times longer than high (LPNeI 107-116), petiolar dorsum strongly arched, much higher posteriorly, anterior face curving smoothly onto dorsum without well developed anterodorsal margin, posterior face vertical and concave, enclosed laterally and dorsally by low, thick carina; in dorsal view petiole around 1.3 to 1.3 times longer than broad (DPeI 76-82); pronotum between 1.5 to 1.7 times longer than petiolar width (PeNI 60-67); subpetiolar process well developed and lamelliform, ventral face weakly concave, anteroventral portion rounded to moderately angled, posteroventral portion sharper and stronger angled, projecting backwards, usually as small acute tooth. Abdominal segment III in profile narrowed anteriorly, broadest posteriorly. Sting well developed and very long. Surface sculpture generally weakly to moderately foveolate overlaying conspicuous very fine, more or less dense, coriaceous microsculpture, usually foveolate sculpture better developed and more conspicuous on cephalic dorsum, lateral mesosoma, and lateral petiole than remainder of body. Pilosity strongly reduced throughout and virtually absent, except for few short hairs below frontoclypeal shelf, some longer hairs on mandibles, and some short, fine hairs around metapleural gland orifice. Pubescence whitish, extremely fine, very short, and appressed, present over most of body, funicular antenommeres with such pubescence overlaid by much scattered, much longer, appressed hairs. Colour dark reddish brown, appendages light brown. Pilosity strongly reduced throughout and virtually absent, except for few short hairs below frontoclypeal shelf, some longer hairs on mandibles, and some short, fine hairs around metapleural gland orifice. Pubescence whitish, extremely fine, very short, and appressed, present over most of body, funicular antenommeres with such pubescence overlaid by much scattered, much longer, appressed hairs. Colour orange to light brown, appendages yellowish.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A73C55BFD1BE23B41A685DD2DA40EF8D" ID-Zenodo-Dep="918524" doi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7816" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph id="5E20480CB6DA50FB2E0764F62FC0C97E" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D9FC0B88407221BEDCB1601FBACF97E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Petiole in profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="C23ED9DEFE477B8BA26D4B67D76CB1D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4F120AFEFAD28E4EDDEAC3EFF9E0154" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex tani" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACD94CEA47D0E7D142D4A2E8354F7E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex tani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0243185)
|
||
<emphasis id="B88AED97A951BC2AB8818EE636C4E18C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0A96EE54929F0EBB342986D6A5462AB8" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DEFC0E6179B740B94F1E1FAFF862F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0469570)
|
||
<emphasis id="5CA417D431320B592D839777E0518E11" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57C1CE6008CDB0B6E566E2CAA6500405" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex zahamena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zahamena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A556A6C18AEEC71243B49923DE68A9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex zahamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0914279).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="91BAD9077DD2E5CE1A9689101D23216B" ID-Zenodo-Dep="918526" doi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7817" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="A7CD3A525BE011D30ED5E235023FA6D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="08E71851E362EAB351B03874DF2B0045" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Head in full-face view and mesosoma in profile.
|
||
<emphasis id="FA96C330C1C92CCC66F4010601B62D32" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B02C373A337F1C9C3E43905B30D59A8F" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex zahamena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zahamena">
|
||
<emphasis id="C6B0167C06C976F50A15341839D2E667" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex zahamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0914279)
|
||
<emphasis id="4938F49D70961DDE6FB5213E8EE43FD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8D46475E25245AC09C31B1DA6B44048" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C7B0DF9A759B515250090BFC040B049" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0469570).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="F8D34616D93F98DE4B4E654110803167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="918528" doi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7818" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="71AEF71A18B8B204E4FEED582B65A1D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6482ADA04EB2AB0CE8D13C5445349CC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DA33F8D8A46296C885A6D30AB0C88BB" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F3A0A900731C6C680A850FA0BBB3E699" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. holotype worker (CASENT0469570).
|
||
<emphasis id="013C4837EA7E15B553E095292A3B4E9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
|
||
Body in profile
|
||
<emphasis id="233F12A9AC8AE9DA5071912A2167B9E5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
|
||
Body in dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="FAA673D094F2D452432A3654BF3943D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
|
||
Head in full-face view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E3864C0F53704ED54A27324898F3140" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2AE03064EF9A1150871930E1099E3235" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2DA212773160D4C60A3326EEE3B42B81" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The name of the new species is a combination of the Latin noun
|
||
<normalizedToken id="59AC615CCCA6E5C64D17BEF954ED9F03" originalValue="“curculio”">"curculio"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which means weevil, and the suffix
|
||
<normalizedToken id="84769B23B930B67075C42F111D678370" originalValue="“formis”">"formis"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which means alike. The long and narrow head with its anteriorly projecting frontoclypeal shelf resembles the elongated head shape of a weevil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08431B8989930DB5C68B0704CE8A857F" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="distribution and biology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD1AC298DB02FD2CB2CE2979D308B44D" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6AB854053E79867A640DDC0DB7AC3AEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40474971CC195EDAC3AEB62C59E5283B" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A456DCF808806DE6F37398D3FCDE6007" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely but patchily distributed in western Madagascar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D084FE7405021F8FB13C7AC4691F562E" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Geographic distribution maps of Madagascar for Probolomyrmex curculiformis, Probolomyrmex tani, and Probolomyrmex zahamena. Star symbols represent type localities while circles represent non-type localities." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.61.7634.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/7821" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Its known distribution ranges from the southernmost localities Tsimanampetsotsa and Amboasary to Anabohazo in the northwest. The localities are all tropical dry forest or spiny forest habitats situated at very low elevations of 20 to 130 m. Even though the new species was entirely collected by sifting litter, we suspect it is not a genuine leaf litter inhabitant. Instead,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A9987C13C1A4CD95CB23F25C319F11F0" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C561CBF0FBCE8D0EF093D63B66897256" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely to be a hypogaeic species and the available material was sampled accidentally through the collection of soil for leaf litter sifting. A hypogaeic lifestyle would also explain the patchy distribution pattern. If true, intensive soil sampling in western Madagascar will likely yield more material of this species. The natural history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CF0747328488BE8A0836B82747D10E9" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAC12EDA98E0A734D142702226B7F05E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CF9186F4AA29E55C4858BD81F991745C" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6759A1FC99D97EC96FF0232C766F9361" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0258AF78809C973C4E29614A9E2E7C92" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6B62CA7F6BEF5D5FD8993FD004043A10" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="52D9A9997BCED977750C3340BEAE38E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unlikely to be confused with the other two Malagasy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB9D36C487A50C771787B48BE2A0B027" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AEAF3737A8C308F66CC57881CAF7C4FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. The shape of the petiole is fairly distinct and separates the western
|
||
<taxonomicName id="61DEBD50C3C8BE08D1967353784E8147" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C13F92FC1AFA88AC17E5EDF0F5DEDDAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the northern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="145D15D87FCCFE09A0879862C7151D83" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex tani" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani">
|
||
<emphasis id="535DCF94DD99A0F2C51540D60CDCEB08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex tani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since the latter species has a much lower and longer petiole than the first. The third species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="301B950E75AB5F66D6140C5A866DE185" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex zahamena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zahamena">
|
||
<emphasis id="8A8FE6051711032E1025CE63E963553F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex zahamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from eastern Madagascar shares a higher and stouter petiole with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE3863C411AFF5F5EC7F18CE57D5C535" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA0DEE7D8AFEBC3D1CCF669607967B1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4532C6A96A117455EB225E212BCF0D83" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex zahamena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zahamena">
|
||
<emphasis id="77CC1A01EC72CF766B7B170B1919B9C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex zahamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses a small, but distinct metanotal groove, which is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E81AD2987E7A024286C04275B781EE66" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EF6C8F74F73843BFC94B8EA63073F15E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the two species also differ in head shape, which is slightly broader in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06C30DDC608847F3D2DA1D8E6355B1D3" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex zahamena" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zahamena">
|
||
<emphasis id="D62D959E5217C5AAB1329E3F4571EEE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex zahamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CI 67-70) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EF87E7DC54D2E7303FCA1C3329DE3B7" authorityName="Hita Garcia & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Probolomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Probolomyrmex curculiformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FE28A3DBA135E8E9E05564E92853ADC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Probolomyrmex curculiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CI 62-65). Nevertheless, the last difference is sometimes hard to observe and requires measuring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94E02608F6ADC0A1CD8D418F4B2DCCEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="AEA9A5897FD5D4F9C31501E3243602F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CEA97C6686B15CA2DB410237544D554A" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Despite a very broad distribution pattern in western Madagascar, we could not observe any significant intraspecific variation except for surface sculpture. There is some moderate variation in density and depth of foveolate sculpture throughout the material examined here. Some specimens display very little sculpture while sculpture is very well developed in others.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |