506 lines
60 KiB
XML
506 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="C111A1F9A026B39942C20D64B1B67991" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2011n4a6" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5377377" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630283063093" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Kostopoulos, Dimitrios S. & Bernor, Raymond L." docDate="2011" docId="03EE374D575AC966FF64FC87FDE3F959" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2011.33.4.649-708.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 33 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2011n4a6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DF8BFA78045876A77BB343B212438C9A.3:Geodiversitas.2011-2012.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="DF8BFA78045876A77BB343B212438C9A" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2011-2012.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Skoufotragus laticeps" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="682" masterDocId="FFD74F355745C947FFAFFFEFFFB3FFE3" masterDocTitle="The Maragheh bovids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla): systematic revision and biostratigraphiczoogeographic interpretation" masterLastPageNumber="708" masterPageNumber="649" pageNumber="680" updateTime="1699213192259" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="AB883527D2B97F249AC0634F99780E76">The Maragheh bovids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla): systematic revision and biostratigraphiczoogeographic interpretation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F4A61A8C44D38F7F983EF2BA4F11E611">Kostopoulos, Dimitrios S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="79F9D9DAF3001AB93A2390623B357AFE">Bernor, Raymond L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7498DE847D7BFC6DAE33966D81E61EE3">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A92D9AA9C20685932E7504BBD3F75DD0">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03EE374D575AC966FF64FC87FDE3F959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE374D575AC966FF64FC87FDE3F959" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE374D575AC966FF64FC87FDE3F959" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="682" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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<subSubSection id="C35DD5D0575AC958FF64FC87FE71FC41" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF64FC87FE71FC41" blockId="31.[203,602,872,930]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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<heading id="D0B03137575AC958FF64FC87FE71FC41" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FF64FC87FDE9FC60" authority="(Andree, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[203,602,872,899]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FF64FC87FE1EFC60" bold="true" box="[203,429,872,899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Skoufotragus laticeps</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FE14FC87FDE1FC60" author="ANDREE J." box="[443,594,872,899]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 175" refId="ref34435" refString="ANDREE J. 1926. - Neue Cavicornier aus dem Pliocan von Samos. Palaeontographica 67 (6): 135 - 175." type="journal article" year="1926">Andree, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="137C9ADE575AC958FEC4FC67FE0AFC41" box="[363,441,904,930]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[137,147,922,939]" captionTargetBox="[175,1158,241,878]" captionTargetId="figure-322@34.[155,1214,235,887]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 19. — Skoufotragus laticeps (Andree, 1926) cranium (NHML M3878) from Maragheh in frontal (A), lateral (B) and caudal (C) views. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377410/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
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)
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35DD5D0575AC958FF27FC21FDF3FB0A" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF27FC21FF69FBE3" blockId="31.[134,669,973,1024]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB57A175575AC958FF27FC21FF69FBE3" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6A04A575AC958FF27FC21FDE4FC06" author="ANDREE J." box="[136,599,973,997]" page="153" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" year="1926">
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<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FF27FC21FDE4FC06" authority="Andree, 1926: 153" authorityName="Andree" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1926" box="[136,599,973,997]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="carolinae" variety="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FF27FC21FE9CFC06" box="[136,303,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Protoryx carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
var.
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||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FEF5FC22FE2EFC06" box="[346,413,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FE0EFC22FDE4FC06" author="ANDREE J." box="[417,599,973,997]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 175" refId="ref34435" refString="ANDREE J. 1926. - Neue Cavicornier aus dem Pliocan von Samos. Palaeontographica 67 (6): 135 - 175." type="journal article" year="1926">Andree, 1926: 153</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 12, figs 5, 9.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF27FBCAFDDDFBDF" blockId="31.[136,622,1060,1084]" box="[136,622,1060,1084]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB57A175575AC958FF27FBCAFDDDFBDF" box="[136,622,1060,1084]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6A04A575AC958FF27FBCAFDD9FBDF" author="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A." box="[136,618,1060,1084]" page="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" year="1928">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FF27FBCAFDD9FBDF" authority="Pilgrim & Hopwood, 1928: 34" authorityName="Pilgrim & Hopwood" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1928" box="[136,618,1060,1084]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longiceps">
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||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FF27FBCAFE9DFBDF" box="[136,302,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Protoryx longiceps</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FE9AFBCBFDD9FBDF" author="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A." box="[309,618,1060,1084]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" refId="ref37306" refString="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A. 1928. - Catalogue of the Pontian Bovidae of Europe. British Museum (Natural History), London, 106 p." type="book" year="1928">Pilgrim & Hopwood, 1928: 34</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF27FB8EFE31FB70" blockId="31.[136,669,1120,1171]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB57A175575AC958FF27FB8EFE31FB70" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FF27FB8EFE82FB9B" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[136,305,1120,1144]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
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||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FF27FB8EFE82FB9B" box="[136,305,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Protoryx carolinae</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6A04A575AC958FEE8FB8EFD93FB9B" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[327,544,1120,1144]" page="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" year="1925">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FEE8FB8EFD93FB9B" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[327,544,1120,1144]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem 1925: 33</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. — Bosscha-
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6A04A575AC958FF27FB94FECDFB70" author="ERDBRINK D. P." box="[136,382,1147,1171]" page="130" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" year="1988">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FF27FB94FECDFB70" author="ERDBRINK D. P." box="[136,382,1147,1171]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="101 - 159" refId="ref35064" refString="BOSSCHA- ERDBRINK D. P. 1988. - Protoryx from three localities East of Maragha, NW Iran. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie vanWetenschappen 91 (2): 101 - 159." type="journal article" year="1988">Erdbrink 1988: 130-137</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF27FB58FDF3FB0A" blockId="31.[136,669,1207,1257]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB57A175575AC958FF27FB58FDF3FB0A" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FF27FB58FEF3FB2C" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[136,320,1207,1231]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FF27FB58FEF3FB2C" box="[136,320,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Pachytragus laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6A04A575AC958FEF3FB58FDA0FB2C" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[348,531,1207,1231]" page="244" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" year="1971">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FEF3FB58FDA0FB2C" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[348,531,1207,1231]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry 1971: 244</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6A04A575AC958FD90FB58FF43FB0A" author="SOLOUNIAS N." page="199" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" year="1981">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FD90FB58FF43FB0A" author="SOLOUNIAS N." pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="1 - 232" refId="ref37727" refString="SOLOUNIAS N. 1981. - The Turolian fauna from the island of Samos, Greece. Contribution to Vertebrate Evolution 6: 1 - 232." type="journal article" year="1981">Solounias 1981: 199</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FEB5FB3DFE7DFB0A" author="BERNOR R. L. & SOLOUNIAS N. & SWISHER III C. C. & VAN COUVERING J. A." box="[282,462,1233,1257]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="137 - 154" refId="ref34704" refString="BERNOR R. L., SOLOUNIAS N., SWISHER III C. C. & VAN COUVERING J. A. 1996. - The correlation of three classical " Pikermian " mammal faunas - Maragheh, Samos, Pikermi - with the European MN Unit System, in BERNOR R. L., FAHLBUSCH V. & MITTMAN H. - W. (eds), The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas. Columbia University Press, New York: 137 - 154." type="book chapter" year="1996">
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||
Bernor
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||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FECBFB3DFE38FB0A" box="[356,395,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 1996
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: table 10.2.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35DD5D0575AC958FF27FAE1FDACF959" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF27FAE1FDC2FAC5" blockId="31.[136,625,1294,1318]" box="[136,625,1294,1318]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FC38F9575AC958FF27FAE1FF0AFAC0" box="[136,185,1294,1317]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
LOCALITY. — Samos,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F350C6CB575AC958FE3DFAE1FE66FAC5" box="[402,469,1294,1318]" name="Greece" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
(late Miocene).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FF27FAA5FDACF959" blockId="31.[134,671,1354,1722]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED561E9E575AC958FE2AFAA5FE6BFA82" box="[389,472,1354,1377]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F: Part of cranium, MAR3206 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FF50FA8BFE04FA9F" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[255,439,1380,1404]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. V, fig. 3 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FDE1FA8AFF51FA74" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FDE1FA8AFF51FA74" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Protoryx carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); frontlet,
|
||
<date id="FFF9A09B575AC958FEF7FA90FE74FA74" box="[344,455,1407,1431]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" value="1321-03">MAR1321</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FE79FA90FD2AFA74" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[470,665,1407,1431]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. V, fig. 4 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FEB0FA75FE2BFA52" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[287,408,1433,1457]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FEB0FA75FE2BFA52" box="[287,408,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Pr. carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); part of right horn-core,
|
||
<date id="FFF9A09B575AC958FF25FA5BFF44FA2F" box="[138,247,1460,1484]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" value="2092-03">MAR2092</date>
|
||
+2122; left P2-P4,
|
||
<date id="FFF9A09B575AC958FE13FA5BFD9BFA2F" box="[444,552,1460,1484]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" value="1079-03">MAR1079</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FD98FA5BFF55FA05" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. IV, fig. 5 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FE3FFA20FDBAFA05" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[400,521,1486,1510]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FE3FFA20FDBAFA05" box="[400,521,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Pr. carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); right P2-P4,
|
||
<date id="FFF9A09B575AC958FF25FA06FF47F9E2" box="[138,244,1513,1537]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" value="2991-03">MAR2991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED561E9E575AC958FEAEFA06FEADF9E2" box="[257,286,1513,1537]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">LP</collectionCode>
|
||
=
|
||
<quantity id="4CBF2BBE575AC958FE95FA06FE2BF9E2" box="[314,408,1513,1537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
); left M2-M3, MAR3002; right p3-m3,
|
||
<date id="FFF9A09B575AC958FEA9F9ECFEDDF9F8" box="[262,366,1539,1563]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" value="1063-03">MAR1063</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FED6F9ECFD99F9F8" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[377,554,1539,1563]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. IV, fig. 4 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FF30F9F1FEA0F9D6" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[159,275,1565,1589]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FF30F9F1FEA0F9D6" box="[159,275,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Pr. carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Lm =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBF2BBE575AC958FEF9F9F2FE01F9D5" box="[342,434,1565,1590]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.39" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" unit="mm" value="63.9">63.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
); left p4-m3,
|
||
<date id="FFF9A09B575AC958FD9CF9F1FD2EF9D5" box="[563,669,1566,1590]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" value="2972-03">MAR2972</date>
|
||
(Lm =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBF2BBE575AC958FF7FF9D7FE81F9B3" box="[208,306,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.11" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" unit="mm" value="61.1">61.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
); right m1-m3part, 2985+3005. —
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED561E9E575AC958FF25F9BCFF68F989" box="[138,219,1619,1642]" country="Libya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49nc-28y0" name="Natural History Museum, Tripoli" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">NHML</collectionCode>
|
||
: part of cranium M3878 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FE7CF9BDFF0DF966" author="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A." pageId="31" pageNumber="680" refId="ref37306" refString="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A. 1928. - Catalogue of the Pontian Bovidae of Europe. British Museum (Natural History), London, 106 p." type="book" year="1928">Pilgrim & Hopwood 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. III, figs 2, 2a labelled as M3841). —
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED561E9E575AC958FDF6F982FD29F967" box="[601,666,1645,1668]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">HUW</collectionCode>
|
||
: p2-m1dex, MMTT13/1397(Lp =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBF2BBE575AC958FE63F968FD96F97C" box="[460,549,1671,1695]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.96" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" unit="mm" value="39.6">39.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
); m2-m3sin, MMTT13/2504; MMTT7/1987; m3sin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35DD5D0575AC966FD14FC86FDE3F959" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="682" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC958FD14FC86FC5BFC62" blockId="31.[698,1233,873,1722]" box="[699,1000,873,899]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">DESCRIPTION AND REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B575AC967FD14FC67FE6EFDA5" blockId="31.[698,1233,873,1722]" lastBlockId="32.[134,671,238,1722]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="681" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">
|
||
Large antelopes are mainly represented in the Maragheh fauna by the so-called protoryxoid bovids. Two partial crania and a mandible from Maragheh identified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FC17FC08FB35FBE1" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[952,1158,999,1026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem (1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. IV, fig. 4; pl. V, figs 3, 4) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FC7BFBE8FC90FBA3" authority="Major, 1891" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FC7BFBE8FB2BFBC3" box="[980,1176,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Protoryx carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
Major, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were later attributed to a new species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FD12FBA8FB7CFB83" authority="Pilgrim & Hopwood, 1928" authorityName="Pilgrim & Hopwood" authorityYear="1928" box="[701,1231,1094,1120]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FD12FBA8FC36FB83" box="[701,901,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Protoryx longiceps</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FC3FFBA9FB7CFB83" author="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A." box="[912,1231,1094,1120]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" refId="ref37306" refString="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A. 1928. - Catalogue of the Pontian Bovidae of Europe. British Museum (Natural History), London, 106 p." type="book" year="1928">Pilgrim & Hopwood, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
together with the Maragheh cranium NHML M3878 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C9ADE575AC958FCB0FB6AFCC0FB7C" box="[799,883,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[137,147,922,939]" captionTargetBox="[175,1158,241,878]" captionTargetId="figure-322@34.[155,1214,235,887]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 19. — Skoufotragus laticeps (Andree, 1926) cranium (NHML M3878) from Maragheh in frontal (A), lateral (B) and caudal (C) views. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377410/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). After revising the systematics of this bovid group,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FC37FB4AFBC2FB23" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[920,1137,1189,1216]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry (1971: 245)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
ascribed the Maragheh sample to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD8575AC958FC44FB2BFCDBFB1D" authority="Schlosser, 1904" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A49575AC958FC44FB2BFB7DFB3D" box="[1003,1230,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Pachytragus laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
Schlosser, 1904
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Descriptions and illustrations of both the London cranium and the Paris cranial sample are already given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FC42FACBFB7FFADD" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[1005,1228,1315,1342]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref37068" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1925">Mecquenem (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FD15FAACFC46FABE" author="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A." box="[698,1013,1347,1373]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" refId="ref37306" refString="PILGRIM G. E. & HOPWOOD A. 1928. - Catalogue of the Pontian Bovidae of Europe. British Museum (Natural History), London, 106 p." type="book" year="1928">Pilgrim & Hopwood (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA575AC958FB83FAACFB7DFABE" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[1068,1230,1347,1373]" pageId="31" pageNumber="680" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C9ADE575AC958FC89FA8CFCCFFA9E" box="[806,892,1379,1405]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[137,147,922,939]" captionTargetBox="[175,1158,241,878]" captionTargetId="figure-322@34.[155,1214,235,887]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 19. — Skoufotragus laticeps (Andree, 1926) cranium (NHML M3878) from Maragheh in frontal (A), lateral (B) and caudal (C) views. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377410/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
, Table 14). In summary, the braincase is narrow and long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C9ADE575AC958FBA6FA6CFB3DFA7E" box="[1033,1166,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[137,147,922,939]" captionTargetBox="[175,1158,241,878]" captionTargetId="figure-322@34.[155,1214,235,887]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 19. — Skoufotragus laticeps (Andree, 1926) cranium (NHML M3878) from Maragheh in frontal (A), lateral (B) and caudal (C) views. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377410/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="680">Fig. 19B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the cranial roof facing partly laterally, the occipital condyles are rather small, the basioccipital is long with very strong posterior and strong, welllocalized anterior tuberosities, the dorsal orbital rims project weakly laterally, the fronto-parietal and midfrontal sutures are open, the supraorbital foramina are small, oval and not sunken into depressions, there are no postcornual fossae, the fronto-nasal suture ends to a single point, the frontals are moderately elevated and hollowed, the anterior rim of the orbit is placed behind M3, the ethmoidal fissure is long and narrow, the lacrimal fossa is long, rather shallow and without sharp limits, and the infraorbital foramen opens above P3-P4 limit. The horn-cores are inserted above the orbits, gently and uniformly curved backwards, with increasing upward divergence, flat medial surface and elliptical cross-section that may become semicircular to spindle-shaped towards the tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C9ADE5765C967FEE6FDC4FE63FDA5" box="[329,464,555,582]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[137,147,922,939]" captionTargetBox="[175,1158,241,878]" captionTargetId="figure-322@34.[155,1214,235,887]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 19. — Skoufotragus laticeps (Andree, 1926) cranium (NHML M3878) from Maragheh in frontal (A), lateral (B) and caudal (C) views. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377410/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">Fig. 19A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5765C967FF30FDA4FDDFFA9E" blockId="32.[134,671,238,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">The MNHN.F Maragheh sample includes some additional toothrow specimens attributable to this species; a few toothrows in HUW should be also referred here. The upper dentition of this species is characterized by bilobed P2 with an anteriorly placed paracone rib and a weak parastyle. The P3 has a strong parastyle, a thin but strong metastyle and a strong, sharp paracone rib. The P4 shows a weakly developed hypocone, a strong parastyle and a blunt paracone rib. The protocone of the M1 protrudes strongly lingually. The upper molars show a central islet, thin and weak mesostyle and strong parastyle and metastyle, the latter one being directed distally on M3. In the lower toothrow, the p3 and p4 are simple with strong hypoconid, a paraconid well separated from the parastylid (less so on p4), an entoconid quickly merged with the entostylid and a distally placed metaconid that directs backwards on p3, where it is associated by an anterior lingual flange instead of being curved to the front on p4, closing the anterior valley in the lower half of the crown. The lower molars have a strong parastylid, no goat folds, moderate lingual ribs, a basal pillar is usually present on the m1 and less often on the m2, and the third lob of the m3 is semicircular.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF38D6D35765C967FD12FB5AFCF6FAE9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5377408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377408/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" startId="32.[701,712,1205,1222]" targetBox="[708,1230,238,1164]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5765C967FD12FB5AFCF6FAE9" blockId="32.[700,1236,1205,1290]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">
|
||
FIG. 18. — Cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85765C967FC99FB5AFC01FB25" box="[822,946,1205,1222]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Palaeoreas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FC99FB5AFC22FB25" box="[822,913,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">Palaeoreas</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Maragheh:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FBEFFB5AFBD1FB25" bold="true" box="[1088,1122,1205,1222]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">A -C</emphasis>
|
||
, right mandible (MMTT7/2338) in occlusal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FC14FB23FC7BFB3E" bold="true" box="[955,968,1228,1245]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">A</emphasis>
|
||
), labial (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FBA3FB23FBAAFB3E" bold="true" box="[1036,1049,1228,1245]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and lingual (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FB29FB23FB27FB3E" bold="true" box="[1158,1172,1228,1245]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">C</emphasis>
|
||
) views;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FD12FB0DFD78FB10" bold="true" box="[701,715,1250,1267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FD7BFB0DFD53FB10" bold="true" box="[724,736,1250,1267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">E</emphasis>
|
||
, left P2-M3 (MMTT7/2159) in labial (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FBABFB0DFBA1FB10" bold="true" box="[1028,1042,1250,1267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">D</emphasis>
|
||
) and occlusal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FB25FB0DFB25FB10" bold="true" box="[1162,1174,1250,1267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">E</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5765C967FF30FA6CFBDCF999" blockId="32.[134,671,238,1722]" lastBlockId="32.[698,1233,1379,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">
|
||
Bosscha-Erdbrink (1988) described an important sample of crania and toothrows recovered in 1973 from the localities Guzguneh, K1 and K2 of Maragheh; disagreeing with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FE45FA0DFD2FFA1F" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[490,668,1506,1532]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry’s (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
view, he referred them to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85765C967FE6AF9EDFD25F9F8" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[453,662,1537,1563]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FE6AF9EDFD25F9F8" box="[453,662,1537,1563]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">Protoryx carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FF27F9CDFE9BF9D8" author="BERNOR R. L." box="[136,296,1569,1596]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" refId="ref34485" refString="BERNOR R. L. 1978. - The Mammalian Systematic, Biostratigraphy and Biochronology of Maragheh and its Importance for Understanding Late Miocene Hominoid Zoogeography and Evolution. PhD Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 314 p." type="book" year="1978">Bernor (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed a partial cranium with horn-cores and several toothrows of the LRE to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85765C967FF27F98FFDF6F998" authority="Schlosser, 1904" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[136,581,1632,1659]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FF27F98FFE34F999" box="[136,391,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">Pachytragus crassicornis</emphasis>
|
||
Schlosser, 1904
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adopting
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FF1CF96FFED6F979" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[179,357,1664,1690]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry’s (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
systematic views.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FD9EF96FFF60F959" author="SOLOUNIAS N." pageId="32" pageNumber="681" pagination="1 - 232" refId="ref37727" refString="SOLOUNIAS N. 1981. - The Turolian fauna from the island of Samos, Greece. Contribution to Vertebrate Evolution 6: 1 - 232." type="journal article" year="1981">Solounias (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
following only the species-level taxonomy proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FCE6FA8CFC5FFA9E" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[841,1004,1379,1405]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85765C967FCA2FA6CFCD4FA7F" authorityName="Forsyth Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[781,871,1411,1436]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FCA2FA6CFCD4FA7F" box="[781,871,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">Protoryx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Maragheh, while some years later (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FCB5FA4CFC51FA5E" author="BERNOR R. L. & SOLOUNIAS N. & SWISHER III C. C. & VAN COUVERING J. A." box="[794,994,1442,1469]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" pagination="137 - 154" refId="ref34704" refString="BERNOR R. L., SOLOUNIAS N., SWISHER III C. C. & VAN COUVERING J. A. 1996. - The correlation of three classical " Pikermian " mammal faunas - Maragheh, Samos, Pikermi - with the European MN Unit System, in BERNOR R. L., FAHLBUSCH V. & MITTMAN H. - W. (eds), The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas. Columbia University Press, New York: 137 - 154." type="book chapter" year="1996">
|
||
Bernor
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FCC2FA4CFC12FA5F" box="[877,929,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) he accepted
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5765C967FBDAFA4DFCB4FA3F" author="GENTRY A. W." pageId="32" pageNumber="681" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry’s (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
distinction of genera. As a total, 12 more or less complete crania of the so-called “
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FBC2FA0DFC80F9F8" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">
|
||
Protoryx-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85765C967FD14F9EEFC80F9F8" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[699,819,1537,1563]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pachytragus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
group” have been so far described from Maragheh, indicating that the relevant taxon (or taxa) was of rather great importance in the structure of the local ruminant community.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5765C967FD7DF96FFB63F959" blockId="32.[698,1233,1379,1722]" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">
|
||
Given that the systematics of the “
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495765C967FBC5F96EFC89F959" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="681">
|
||
Protoryx-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85765C967FD14F94FFC89F959" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[699,826,1696,1722]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="681" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pachytragus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
group” has been recently reviewed
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5764C966FF30FF8AFE2BFF96" blockId="33.[159,408,101,118]" box="[159,408,101,118]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Kostopoulos D. S. & Bernor R. L.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF38D6D35764C966FF28FF1DFE1CFEF9" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" startId="33.[135,145,242,259]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5764C966FF28FF1DFE1CFEF9" blockId="33.[135,669,242,282]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
TABLE 15. — Comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FEDFFF1DFD86FEE0" authority="Gaudry, 1861" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1861" box="[368,565,242,259]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Palaeoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FEDFFF1DFE72FEE0" box="[368,449,242,259]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Palaeoryx</emphasis>
|
||
Gaudry, 1861
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dental characters from Maragheh and Pikermi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5764C966FD14FEC7FB1BFEDC" blockId="33.[699,1192,295,320]" box="[699,1192,295,320]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<tableNote id="76A187D55764C966FD14FEC7FB1BFEDC" box="[699,1192,295,320]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" targetBox="[138,669,340,943]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
TYPE SPECIES. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FCCAFEC8FB16FEDC" authority="(Wagner, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[869,1189,295,320]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Palaeoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FCCAFEC8FBB2FEDC" box="[869,1025,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Palaeoryx pallasi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FBA1FEC7FB2FFEDC" author="WAGNER A." box="[1038,1180,295,320]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="111 - 158" refId="ref38064" refString="WAGNER A. 1857. - Neue Beitraege zur Kenntniss der fossilen Saugethier-Uberreste von Pikermi. Abhandlungen der bayerischen Akademie derWissenschaften. Mathematisch naturwissenschaftliche, Klasse 8: 111 - 158." type="journal article" year="1857">Wagner, 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5764C966FEB3FEBBFE25FC4C" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<table id="F94774FB576436B8FF25FEBBFD2EFC4C" box="[138,669,340,943]" gridcols="3" gridrows="24" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FEBBFD2EFE8B" box="[138,669,340,360]" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FEBBFE7DFE8B" box="[284,462,340,360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FEB3FEBBFEDAFE8B" bold="true" box="[284,361,340,360]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Pikermi</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FEBBFD2EFE8B" box="[477,669,340,360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FE72FEBBFDF7FE8B" bold="true" box="[477,580,340,360]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Maragheh</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FE9DFD2EFE65" box="[138,669,370,390]" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FE9DFEB8FE65" box="[138,267,370,390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">P2 parastyle</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FE9DFE7DFE65" box="[284,462,370,390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">strong</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FE9DFD2EFE65" box="[477,669,370,390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">stronger</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FE65FD2EFE7D" box="[138,669,394,414]" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FE65FEB8FE7D" box="[138,267,394,414]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">P4 paracone</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FE65FE7DFE7D" box="[284,462,394,414]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">weaker than para-</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FE65FD2EFE7D" box="[477,669,394,414]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">equal to parastyle</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FE4BFD2EFE5B" box="[138,669,420,440]" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FE4BFE7DFE5B" box="[284,462,420,440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">style and more</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FE4BFD2EFE5B" box="[477,669,420,440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">and similar with</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FE52FD2EFE32" box="[138,669,445,465]" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FE52FE7DFE32" box="[284,462,445,465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">centrally placed</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FE52FD2EFE32" box="[477,669,445,465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">P3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FE38FD2EFE08" box="[138,669,471,491]" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FE38FE7DFE08" box="[284,462,471,491]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">than in P3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FE00FD2EFDE0" box="[138,669,495,515]" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FE00FEB8FDE0" box="[138,267,495,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">P4 metastyle</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FE00FE7DFDE0" box="[284,462,495,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">strong</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FE00FD2EFDE0" box="[477,669,495,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">stronger</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FDE8FD2EFDF8" box="[138,669,519,539]" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FDE8FEB8FDF8" box="[138,267,519,539]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Upper molars</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FDE8FD2EFDF8" box="[284,669,519,539]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">moderate paracone strong paracone rib</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FDCEFD2EFDD6" box="[138,669,545,565]" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FDCEFE7DFDD6" box="[284,462,545,565]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">rib</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FDCEFD2EFDD6" box="[477,669,545,565]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
and more
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FDD5FD2EFDAD" box="[138,669,570,590]" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FDD5FD2EFDAD" box="[477,669,570,590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">quadrangular posterior</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FDBBFD2EFD8B" box="[138,669,596,616]" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FDBBFD2EFD8B" box="[477,669,596,616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">lobe in lateral</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FD82FD2EFD62" box="[138,669,621,641]" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FD82FD2EFD62" box="[477,669,621,641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">view</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FD6AFD2EFD7A" box="[138,669,645,665]" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FD6AFEB8FD7A" box="[138,267,645,665]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">M2</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FD6AFE7DFD7A" box="[284,462,645,665]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">without hypoconal</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FD6AFD2EFD7A" box="[477,669,645,665]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
with weak
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FD70FD2EFD50" box="[138,669,671,691]" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FD70FE7DFD50" box="[284,462,671,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">hypospur</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FD70FD2EFD50" box="[477,669,671,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">conal spur</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FD58FD2EFD28" box="[138,669,695,715]" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FD58FEB8FD28" box="[138,267,695,715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">p3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FD58FE7DFD28" box="[284,462,695,715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">metaconid quickly</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FD58FD2EFD28" box="[477,669,695,715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">metaconid staying</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FD3EFD2EFD06" box="[138,669,721,741]" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FD3EFE7DFD06" box="[284,462,721,741]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">fused with ento-</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FD3EFD2EFD06" box="[477,669,721,741]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
more
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FD05FD2EFD1D" box="[138,669,746,766]" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FD05FE7DFD1D" box="[284,462,746,766]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">independconid</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FD05FD2EFD1D" box="[477,669,746,766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">ent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FCEDFD2EFCF5" box="[138,669,770,790]" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FCEDFEB8FCF5" box="[138,267,770,790]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">p4</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FCEDFE7DFCF5" box="[284,462,770,790]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">paraconid fused</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FCEDFD2EFCF5" box="[477,669,770,790]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">open second valley</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FCF3FD2EFCD3" box="[138,669,796,816]" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FCF3FE7DFCD3" box="[284,462,796,816]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">with metaconid</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FCF3FD2EFCD3" box="[477,669,796,816]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">and less devel-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FCD9FD2EFCA9" box="[138,669,822,842]" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FCD9FE7DFCA9" box="[284,462,822,842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">and well-devel-</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FCD9FD2EFCA9" box="[477,669,822,842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">oped hypoconid</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FCA0FD2EFC80" box="[138,669,847,867]" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FCA0FE7DFC80" box="[284,462,847,867]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">oped hypoconid</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FC88FD2EFC98" box="[138,669,871,891]" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
<th id="76A6ED65576436B8FF25FC88FEB8FC98" box="[138,267,871,891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">m3</th>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FC88FE7DFC98" box="[284,462,871,891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">rounded-squarish</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FC88FD2EFC98" box="[477,669,871,891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
angular
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FC6EFD2EFC76" box="[138,669,897,917]" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FC6EFE7DFC76" box="[284,462,897,917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">protoconidprotoconid and</td>
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FE72FC6EFD2EFC76" box="[477,669,897,917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">hypoconid</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35778419576436B8FF25FC74FD2EFC4C" box="[138,669,923,943]" gridrow="23" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<td id="76A6ED65576436B8FEB3FC74FE7DFC4C" box="[284,462,923,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">hypoconid</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF8865B5764C966FF27FBE9FDE3F959" blockId="33.[134,670,1030,1722]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FF3FFBE9FEDCFBC2" author="KOSTOPOULOS D. S." box="[144,367,1030,1057]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref36651" refString="KOSTOPOULOS D. S. 2009 a. - The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: new collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), there is no need to repeat all details. According to this viewpoint,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FDEDFBC8FD2FFBA3" authorityName="Forsyth Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[578,668,1063,1088]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FDEDFBC8FD2FFBA3" box="[578,668,1063,1088]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Protoryx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is generically distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FE06FBA9FD91FB83" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[425,546,1094,1120]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FE06FBA9FD91FB83" box="[425,546,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Pachytragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in accordance with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FF57FB89FE2FFB63" author="GENTRY A. W." box="[248,412,1125,1152]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry [1971]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which in its turn is an invalid name replaced by a new one,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FD83FB6AFF1AFB5C" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FD83FB6AFF1AFB5C" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FF18FB4AFE8CFB5C" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[183,319,1189,1215]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FF18FB4AFE8CFB5C" box="[183,319,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally known from Samos,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F350C6CB5764C966FF28FB2AFF62FB3C" box="[135,209,1221,1247]" name="Greece" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
is represented by three species that succeed one another through time (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FE1EFB0BFD3CFB1D" author="KOSTOPOULOS D. S." box="[433,655,1252,1278]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref36651" refString="KOSTOPOULOS D. S. 2009 a. - The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: new collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although the presence of a second
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FDBBFAEBFF67FADD" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FDBBFAEBFD2FFAFD" box="[532,668,1284,1310]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Maragheh (i.e.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FE02FACBFDF2FADD" author="BERNOR R. L." box="[429,577,1316,1342]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" refId="ref34485" refString="BERNOR R. L. 1978. - The Mammalian Systematic, Biostratigraphy and Biochronology of Maragheh and its Importance for Understanding Late Miocene Hominoid Zoogeography and Evolution. PhD Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 314 p." type="book" year="1978">Bernor 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FDE0FACBFEBBFABD" author="BERNOR R. L. & SOLOUNIAS N. & SWISHER III C. C. & VAN COUVERING J. A." pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="137 - 154" refId="ref34704" refString="BERNOR R. L., SOLOUNIAS N., SWISHER III C. C. & VAN COUVERING J. A. 1996. - The correlation of three classical " Pikermian " mammal faunas - Maragheh, Samos, Pikermi - with the European MN Unit System, in BERNOR R. L., FAHLBUSCH V. & MITTMAN H. - W. (eds), The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas. Columbia University Press, New York: 137 - 154." type="book chapter" year="1996">
|
||
Bernor
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FF25FAABFF70FABE" box="[138,195,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) cannot be excluded, the currently examined sample from Paris and London falls within the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FECDFA6CFE6BFA7E" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[354,472,1411,1437]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FECDFA6CFE6BFA7E" box="[354,472,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Sk. laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Samos both morphologically and metrically; it is therefore referred to this species in agreement with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FDE1FA2DFF6BFA1F" author="GENTRY A. W." pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref35847" refString="GENTRY A. W. 1971. - The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Some of the specimens of the K2 site illustrated by Bosscha-Erdbrink (1988: pl. IV, V) look similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FEF1F9CEFD2FF9DF" authority="(Andree, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[350,668,1569,1596]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FEF1F9CEFE54F9D8" box="[350,487,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FE58F9CEFD27F9DF" author="ANDREE J." box="[503,660,1569,1596]" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="135 - 175" refId="ref34435" refString="ANDREE J. 1926. - Neue Cavicornier aus dem Pliocan von Samos. Palaeontographica 67 (6): 135 - 175." type="journal article" year="1926">Andree, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e. part of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FEA4F9AEFDB6F9B8" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[267,517,1601,1627]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FEA4F9AEFDB6F9B8" box="[267,517,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Pachytragus crassicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6FBAA5764C966FDBCF9AEFF7EF998" author="KOSTOPOULOS D. S." pageId="33" pageNumber="682" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref36651" refString="KOSTOPOULOS D. S. 2009 a. - The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: new collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in their horn-core morphology but again their cranial aspect and basioccipital structure indicate closer affinities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C47FDD85764C966FE7DF94FFDFAF959" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[466,585,1696,1722]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="682" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9335A495764C966FE7DF94FFDFAF959" box="[466,585,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="682">Sk. laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |