382 lines
43 KiB
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382 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8AFD3F7230DC5889741185842A2E2425">Taxonomic study of wasp species in the Polybia (Myrapetra) occidentalis group morphologically related to P. scrobalis and P. flavifrons, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4E3B993DEA6885C023FFF54567A7B7B7">Amorim, Danielle C. De A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF43F0890C376B28DA6A9C1A77FB457A">Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi-MPEG, Coordenação de Zoologia, Laboratório de Entomologia, Avenida Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, CEP: 66077 - 830, Belém, Pará, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5AC243A11D74B0F33FF3BC1BF1F56787">Dos Santos Junior, José N. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2631CA7C679E5483E5125ADC41962100">Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará-Folha 31, Quadra 07, Lote Especial, s / n. º-Nova Marabá, Marabá-PA, 68507 - 590, São Félix do Xingú, Pará, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="667DB393F5C499AB08A64C468C8B46E6">Carvalho- Filho, Fernando Da S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5ADFB42E225EABDB2181A0225FF7B44">Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi-MPEG, Coordenação de Zoologia, Laboratório de Entomologia, Avenida Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, CEP: 66077 - 830, Belém, Pará, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6182BBCF76EC7542D26C1F36C038D162">Silveira, Orlando T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="735F74A3CC273FEA14648B6756F4F5B0">Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi-MPEG, Coordenação de Zoologia, Laboratório de Entomologia, Avenida Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, CEP: 66077 - 830, Belém, Pará, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFBFFFC4FF6E5AB96B74F9D4" ID-CoL="77SQC" authority="de Saussure, 1867" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,566,1511,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
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<emphasis id="B9517676FFBFFFC4FF6E5AB96812F9D7" bold="true" box="[151,336,1511,1538]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Polybia plebeja</emphasis>
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de
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FE855AB96B74F9D4" author="Saussure, H. de" box="[380,566,1511,1537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" refId="ref26822" refString="Saussure, H. de (1867) Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den jahren 1857, 1858, 1859., Zool. Teil, 2 Band 1. Abteil A. 2. Hymenoptera. Kaiserlich-Ko ¨ nigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei; in Commission bei K. Gerold's Sohn, Wein, 142 pp." type="book" year="1867">Saussure, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="131EB6E1FFBFFFC4FF6659526831F9F3" box="[159,371,1547,1574]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[304,1283,381,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-118@18.[304,1283,381,1835]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 48–55. 48–51. Lectotype of Polybia plebeja (female) (MNHN—sent by Dr. B. Santos). 48. Head, frontal view. 49. Habitus, dorsal view. 50. Habitus, lateral view. 51. Labels. 52–55. Paratype of Polybia scrobalis surinama (female) (RMNH— sent by Drª F. Bakker). 52. Head, frontal view. 53. Habitus, dorsal view. 54. Habitus, lateral view. 55. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12733323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12733323/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Figs 48, 49, 50, 51</figureCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFBFFFC4FF6E590E689BF9BD" ID-CoL="77SQC" authority="Saussure, 1867" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,473,1616,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
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<emphasis id="B9517676FFBFFFC4FF6E590E6875F9BD" box="[151,311,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Polybia plebeja</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FEC5590E689BF9BD" author="Saussure, H. de" box="[316,473,1616,1640]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" refId="ref26822" refString="Saussure, H. de (1867) Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den jahren 1857, 1858, 1859., Zool. Teil, 2 Band 1. Abteil A. 2. Hymenoptera. Kaiserlich-Ko ¨ nigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei; in Commission bei K. Gerold's Sohn, Wein, 142 pp." type="book" year="1867">Saussure, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFBFFFC4FE1B590E6B7DF9BD" box="[482,575,1616,1640]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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(lost?),
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFBFFFC4FD30590E6A54F9BD" box="[713,790,1616,1640]" name="Mexico" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(MRSN—Turin), not examined.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FB9E590E6C7BF9BD" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[1127,1337,1616,1640]" page="124" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FB9E590E6C7BF9BD" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[1127,1337,1616,1640]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="121 - 126" refId="ref26143" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (2011) Notes on types of some American wasps in the Spinola collection. Entomologica Americana, 117 (3), 121 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 11 - RA- 002.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Carpenter 2011: 124</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FABB590E680DF952" author="Valverde, J. P. & Hanson, P. & Carpenter, J." page="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="2019">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FABB590E680DF952" author="Valverde, J. P. & Hanson, P. & Carpenter, J." pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="174 - 199" refId="ref27333" refString="Valverde, J. P., Hanson, P. & Carpenter, J. (2019) Keys to the Costa Rican species of paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 67 (2), 174 - 199. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 67 i 2 SUPL. 37229" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Valverde
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<emphasis id="B9517676FFBFFFC4FF3E593169B6F952" box="[199,244,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">et al</emphasis>
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. 2019: 4
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, 11.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FF6E59D36BBBF973" author="Buysson, R. D." box="[151,761,1677,1702]" page="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="1905">
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFBFFFC4FF6E59D36BBBF973" ID-CoL="4L256" authority="R. du Buysson, 1905: 9" authorityName="R. du Buysson" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,761,1677,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="occidentalis" variety="diguetana">
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<emphasis id="B9517676FFBFFFC4FF6E59D36825F970" box="[151,359,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Polybia occidentalis</emphasis>
|
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var.
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<emphasis id="B9517676FFBFFFC4FE6359D368BDF970" box="[410,511,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">diguetana</emphasis>
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R. du
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FDBC59D06BBBF973" author="Buysson, R. D." box="[581,761,1677,1702]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="9 - 10" refId="ref25870" refString="Buysson, R. D. (1905) Surquelques Hymenopteres d'Amerique. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 10 (1), 9 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1905.23636" type="journal article" year="1905">Buysson, 1905: 9</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFBFFFC4FCFD59D06A2BF973" box="[772,873,1678,1702]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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designated by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FBFD59D36DEAF973" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1028,1192,1677,1702]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" refId="ref26791" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFBFFFC4FB4959D06D81F970" box="[1200,1219,1678,1701]" count="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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,
|
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<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFBFFFC4FB2959D36C63F970" box="[1232,1313,1677,1701]" name="Mexico" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
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:
|
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<collectingRegion id="49E16486FFBFFFC4FAD259D06C35F973" box="[1323,1399,1678,1702]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
(L. Diguet) (MNHN, Paris); examined by photographs. Synonymy by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FC9559F26D5EF911" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[876,1052,1708,1732]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="121 - 126" refId="ref26143" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (2011) Notes on types of some American wasps in the Spinola collection. Entomologica Americana, 117 (3), 121 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 11 - RA- 002.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Carpenter (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFBFFFC4FF6E59956815F936" ID-CoL="4L256" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,343,1739,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">Polybia diguetana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FEA359956B6EF936" author="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J." box="[346,556,1739,1763]" page="132" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FEA359956B6EF936" author="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J." box="[346,556,1739,1763]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref26684" refString="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J. (1951) Observations on the social wasps of South America (Hymenoptera Vespidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 102 (1), 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1951. tb 01241. x" type="journal article" year="1951">Richards, 1951: 132</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 136, 138, 139; 1978: 40, 42, 89 (in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FC1359956DF6F936" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[1002,1204,1739,1763]" page="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FC1359956DF6F936" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[1002,1204,1739,1763]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref25912" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (1999) Taxonomic notes on paper wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). American Museum Novitates, 3259, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1999">Carpenter 1999: 13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FB3959956861F8D7" author="Rasmussen, C. & Asenjo, A." page="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FB3959956861F8D7" author="Rasmussen, C. & Asenjo, A." pageId="15" pageNumber="552" refId="ref26593" refString="Rasmussen, C. & Asenjo, A. (2009) A checklist to the wasps of Peru (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). ZooKeys, 15, 1. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 15.196" type="journal volume" year="2009">Rasmussen & Asenjo 2009: 48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A848C75FFBFFFC4FED759B46B42F8D7" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[302,512,1770,1794]" page="124" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFBFFFC4FED759B46B42F8D7" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[302,512,1770,1794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" pagination="121 - 126" refId="ref26143" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (2011) Notes on types of some American wasps in the Spinola collection. Entomologica Americana, 117 (3), 121 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 11 - RA- 002.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Carpenter 2011: 124</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33FF9EFFFBFFFDBFF6E58716C53FEB0" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="15" pageNumber="552" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFBFFFDBFF6E58716C53FEC8" blockId="15.[151,1437,1839,2010]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFBFFFC4FF6E58716848F89C" bold="true" box="[151,266,1839,1865]" pageId="15" pageNumber="552">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. FEMALE. Forewing with ca. 7.5–8.0 mm. occipital-genal margin obsolete dorsolaterally, mostly absent centrally, but distinct laterally; gena distinctly wide, width equal to eye-width at the level of ocular sinus; clypeus much wider than high (HCLP/WCLP—0.85); eyes practically bare; pronotal carina weakly indicated; body without outstanding erect bristles; scrobal furrow weak above and largely obliterated below; first metasomal segment quite elongated, length larger than mesopleuron height; bristles on propodeum and first metasomal segment not very conspicuous; mesosoma variably spotted with small marks; distal margin of the metasomal terga and sterna 2–6 with yellow bands, wider on sterna 1–2. Proportional ratios: LSI/ HMP—1.19; LSI / WT1_AP—2.23; WT1_AP / BA—2.92. MALE. Described briefly by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFD825F816A76FF2C" author="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J." box="[635,820,222,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref26684" refString="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J. (1951) Observations on the social wasps of South America (Hymenoptera Vespidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 102 (1), 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1951. tb 01241. x" type="journal article" year="1951">Richards (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, clypeus narrower with dense and silvery pubescence; gena very narrow; last metasomal sternite flattened; yellow markings less withish and more extensive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFA0FFDBFF3E5E786C53FEB0" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFF3E5E7868EEFE95" bold="true" box="[199,428,294,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Examined material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4DA039FFA0FFDBFE405E796D11FE94" box="[441,1107,295,321]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Mexico" location="Jalisco" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Jalisco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFE405E796B6EFE94" box="[441,556,295,321]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFDCF5E796B09FE94" box="[566,587,295,321]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(old
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3432A1FFA0FFDBFD7D5E796B98FE94" box="[644,730,295,321]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
catalogue number: 1829),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E16486FFA0FFDBFBFD5E796D11FE94" box="[1028,1107,295,321]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4DA039FFA0FFDBFBA45E796CDAFE94" box="[1117,1432,295,321]" collectorName="L. Diguet" country="Mexico" location="Oaxaca" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFBA45E796D30FE94" box="[1117,1138,295,321]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1900 (
|
||
<collectorName id="26D0CFB2FFA0FFDBFB395E796C72FE94" box="[1216,1328,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">L. Diguet</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E16486FFA0FFDBFAB85E796CDAFE94" box="[1345,1432,295,321]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFF6E5E1569F8FEB0" box="[151,186,331,357]" count="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(no data),
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4DA039FFA0FFDBFECA5E156BC7FEB0" box="[307,645,331,357]" collectionCode="MPEG" collectorName="Diguet" country="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFECA5E15680AFEB0" box="[307,328,331,357]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1903, (L.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D0CFB2FFA0FFDBFE475E156B4DFEB0" box="[446,527,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Diguet</collectorName>
|
||
), (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3432A1FFA0FFDBFDD05E156B3FFEB0" box="[553,637,331,357]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">MPEG</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4DA039FFA0FFDBFD695E156C4FFEB0" box="[656,1293,331,357]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Diguet" country="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFD695E156BE7FEB0" box="[656,677,331,357]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFA0FFDBFD4A5E156A5EFEB0" box="[691,796,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFCB85E156A8FFEB0" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[833,973,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFCB85E156A8FFEB0" box="[833,973,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) 1903 (L.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D0CFB2FFA0FFDBFBBD5E156DD0FEB0" box="[1092,1170,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Diguet</collectorName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3432A1FFA0FFDBFB505E156C47FEB0" box="[1193,1285,331,357]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33FF9EFFFA0FFDBFF3E5E3068F9FE78" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFA0FFDBFF3E5E3068F9FE78" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFF3E5E30681BFE5D" bold="true" box="[199,345,366,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFE895E3168EEFE5C" box="[368,428,367,393]" name="United States of America" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFE465E316B5AFE5C" box="[447,536,367,393]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFDD25E316BEAFE5C" box="[555,680,367,393]" name="Guatemala" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFD425E316A6EFE5C" box="[699,812,367,393]" name="Honduras" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFCC65E316AC8FE5C" box="[831,906,367,393]" name="Belize" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFC675E316D47FE5C" box="[926,1029,367,393]" name="El Salvador" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Salvador</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFBE15E316DDCFE5C" box="[1048,1182,367,393]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFB4B5E316C6BFE5C" box="[1202,1321,367,393]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFAC55E316CDAFE5C" box="[1340,1432,367,393]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFF6E5ECD684BFE78" box="[151,265,403,429]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFEED5ECD6837FE78" box="[276,373,403,429]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFE785ECD68FAFE78" box="[385,440,403,429]" name="Peru" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33FF9EFFFA0FFDBFF3E5EE96A14FBE0" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFA0FFDBFF3E5EE96C7FFDB4" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFF3E5EE96876FE04" bold="true" box="[199,308,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The synonymy between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFD9D5EE96BF4FE04" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[612,694,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFD9D5EE96BF4FE04" box="[612,694,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">plebeja</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFD0D5EE96A26FE04" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[756,868,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFD0D5EE96A26FE04" box="[756,868,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established relatively recently by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFAD75EE969A6FE20" author="Carpenter, J. M." pageId="16" pageNumber="553" pagination="121 - 126" refId="ref26143" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (2011) Notes on types of some American wasps in the Spinola collection. Entomologica Americana, 117 (3), 121 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 11 - RA- 002.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Carpenter (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFF085E8568E5FE20" author="Richards, O. W." box="[241,423,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" refId="ref26791" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was apparently unaware of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFD155E856A7CFE20" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[748,830,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFD155E856A7CFE20" box="[748,830,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">plebeja</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
whose type had unknown depository until
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFAD75E8569A3FDCC" author="Carpenter, J. M." pageId="16" pageNumber="553" pagination="121 - 126" refId="ref26143" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (2011) Notes on types of some American wasps in the Spinola collection. Entomologica Americana, 117 (3), 121 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 11 - RA- 002.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Carpenter (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFED75EA168D0FDCC" box="[302,402,511,537]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
specimen in the Spinola collection in Turin (the female is possibly lost).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFB415EA16874FDE8" authorityName="R. du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="occidentalis" variety="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFB415EA16CDEFDCC" box="[1208,1436,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Polybia occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFF3F5D7D6874FDE8" box="[198,310,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFE075D7D6BECFDE8" author="Buysson, R. D." box="[510,686,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" pagination="9 - 10" refId="ref25870" refString="Buysson, R. D. (1905) Surquelques Hymenopteres d'Amerique. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 10 (1), 9 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1905.23636" type="journal article" year="1905">Buysson (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on several specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFBDD5D7D6D3FFDE8" box="[1060,1149,547,573]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFB7F5D7D6C7BFDE8" author="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J." box="[1158,1337,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref26684" refString="Richards, O. W. & Richards, M. J. (1951) Observations on the social wasps of South America (Hymenoptera Vespidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 102 (1), 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1951. tb 01241. x" type="journal article" year="1951">Richards (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
elevated this variety to the species level and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFDDF5D196B99FDB4" author="Richards, O. W." box="[550,731,583,609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" refId="ref26791" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated one of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFA0FFDBFC215D196D78FDB4" box="[984,1082,583,609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(MNHN) as
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFA0FFDBFB365D196C7BFDB4" box="[1231,1337,583,609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFA0FFDBFF3E5D356C0EFD24" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">
|
||
In the present work, the female diagnosis is based on photos of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFA0FFDBFC3E5D356D6CFD50" box="[967,1070,619,645]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFBAC5D356DA0FD50" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1109,1250,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFBAC5D356DA0FD50" box="[1109,1250,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposited at the MNHN (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB6E1FFA0FFDBFF025DD1683FFD7C" box="[251,381,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1442,1466]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[340,1247,181,1418]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Head and pronotum, diagonal view (females). 25. P. belemensis. 26. P. dimorpha. 27. P. hecuba. 28. P. parvulina. 29. P. platycephala. 30. P. rosalinae sp. nov. 31. P. scrobalis. 32. P. surinama." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12733311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12733311/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Figs 26–29</figureCitation>
|
||
); other Mexican specimens deposited at the MPEG, and on the information in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFB185DD16CDBFD7C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1249,1433,655,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" refId="ref26791" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFE955DED689BFD18" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[364,473,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFE955DED689BFD18" box="[364,473,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. plebeja</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFDDC5DED6B98FD18" author="Saussure, H. de" box="[549,730,691,717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" refId="ref26822" refString="Saussure, H. de (1867) Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den jahren 1857, 1858, 1859., Zool. Teil, 2 Band 1. Abteil A. 2. Hymenoptera. Kaiserlich-Ko ¨ nigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei; in Commission bei K. Gerold's Sohn, Wein, 142 pp." type="book" year="1867">Saussure (1867)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is an old-style Latin text, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4D795FFA0FFDBFBC95DED6DADFD18" author="Carpenter, J. M." box="[1072,1263,691,717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" pagination="121 - 126" refId="ref26143" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (2011) Notes on types of some American wasps in the Spinola collection. Entomologica Americana, 117 (3), 121 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 11 - RA- 002.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Carpenter (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not present detailed information of morphological characters of the male specimen examined in the Spinola Collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFA0FFDBFF3E5DA56C00FC88" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">
|
||
The material deposited in the MPEG consists of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFD075DA56ADCFCC0" box="[766,926,763,789]" count="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
donated in the early 20
|
||
<superScript id="7C50072CFFA0FFDBFB4A5DA46D82FCDD" attach="left" box="[1203,1216,762,776]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">th</superScript>
|
||
century to MPEG. Although they are not
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E14C6FFA0FFDBFE6F5C4168BAFCEC" box="[406,504,799,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFDE65C416BE9FCEC" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[543,683,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFDE65C416BE9FCEC" box="[543,683,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFD2D5C416A00FCEC" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[724,834,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFD2D5C416A00FCEC" box="[724,834,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. plebeja</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), they are from nearby locations in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFB215C416C6CFCEC" box="[1240,1326,799,825]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and were also collected by L. Diguet, therefore representing a reliable reference on the characteristics of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAA64FFA0FFDBFF3E5C396A14FBE0" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">
|
||
This species is probably an element of the Central America fauna. In the MPEG, there are specimens from localities in the Amazon region that were identified by O. W. Richards (probably after 1978) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFB155CD56C38FC70" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1260,1402,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFB155CD56C38FC70" box="[1260,1402,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFF6E5CF16844FC1C" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,262,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFF6E5CF16844FC1C" box="[151,262,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. plebeja</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which do not belong to this species but refer to other forms of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFBF65CF16DD4FC1C" authorityName="Oliver" authorityYear="1791" box="[1039,1174,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFBF65CF16DD4FC1C" box="[1039,1174,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2361EDFFA0FFDBFB175CF16CDFFC1C" box="[1262,1437,943,969]" count="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from the MZSP identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFE1E5C8D6B36FC38" authorityName="Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[487,628,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diguetana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFE1E5C8D6B36FC38" box="[487,628,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. diguetana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were examined; one from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFC535C8D6D42FC38" box="[938,1024,979,1005]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E16486FFA0FFDBFBE95C8D6DC0FC38" box="[1040,1154,979,1005]" country="Mexico" name="Zacatecas" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Zacatecas</collectingRegion>
|
||
) corresponds well to the description presented by Richards and to other examined specimens (just having a hairier condition on propodeum as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFF2B5B456837FBE0" authorityName="Oliver" authorityYear="1791" box="[210,373,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFF2B5B456837FBE0" box="[210,373,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332EAF4FFA0FFDBFD9C5B456BDAFBE0" box="[613,664,1051,1077]" name="Peru" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D1E7FFA0FFDBFD405B456A0DFBE0" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1970" box="[697,847,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belemensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517676FFA0FFDBFD405B456A0DFBE0" box="[697,847,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="553">P. belemensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |