339 lines
33 KiB
XML
339 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="6BF9ACE81179A23EEED0AC9A69B3F3FB" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174" ID-ZooBank="4E0CCF70-D052-4828-AED4-4346C33B99DF" ID-publisher-id="138174" URI-arpha="5ABE4C4E-C19E-5982-84D4-332D5C7D1556" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/4E0CCF70-D052-4828-AED4-4346C33B99DF" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1738693956392" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Perez, Kathryn E., Saenz, Vanessa, Guerrero, Yamileth, Gonzalez, Lisa, Guerrero, Evan, Diaz, Pete, Hutchins, Benjamin T. & Schwartz, Benjamin F." docDate="2025" docId="E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB" docLanguage="en" docName="Subterranean Biology 50: 119-151" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 50" docSource="https://subtbiol.pensoft.net/article/138174/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Stygopyrgus gracilis Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="151" masterDocId="5ABE4C4EC19E598284D4332D5C7D1556" masterDocTitle="New and revised groundwater snails (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda, Cochliopidae) from karst and associated hyporheic habitats in western Texas and northern Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1738702794967" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AE960A11575E031640EA6F51C704FE5D">
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<mods:title id="084E681ECB5F6F980D5900A579358053">New and revised groundwater snails (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda, Cochliopidae) from karst and associated hyporheic habitats in western Texas and northern Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5F11D9A80083F5A7F205145BEDCAF766">Perez, Kathryn E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="347C2BF8B62DB662FB79443BA0691CD7" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3888-4756</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB390847C1412B613F3001F3B8ACD4BE">School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6A47077F9FC2B66E44CEFEA238C8B2F3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="77C765D68935AFC76D8DDE0CEEDB946A">Saenz, Vanessa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3D4CF21B398139A436512DBFC0CEE797">School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="79EB29803AC5DE4FF104F3B820868294">Guerrero, Yamileth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A0EA05B116A76AF2BAA783000F71B07">Texas Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, San Marcos, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4FDE7729B5F1C8A680F61B398D741B3A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7EE2355E00D756CE2ECB1317D71EC7F1">Gonzalez, Lisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9D23E87C9949A39343F3BF3ADA28BED9">Texas Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, San Marcos, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1A0F6934D6A8DFADC377B16AA80E61D5">Guerrero, Evan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AA2662DB9B33E71A52577C913919F4FC">School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="16FEA6E159046146A2E9FE33078B5696">Diaz, Pete</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E63C626C7D494D728FDB761A6617457D">Edwards Aquifer Research and Data Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C0305AD05D703C8213E7291446011650">Hutchins, Benjamin T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDE3EED1A8A155305298F53003B1FC3C">Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2C59CA09C3CBA2C24BF740A281AB2837" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8F8A2C175DAFC951277760539E80E05E">Schwartz, Benjamin F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="44EE86204A99B2679EC0239EBAFFFBA2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0072-344X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C687B7CE8FF7801331954108E74FA43D">Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="61E835750B45AF82286CBFF91DC3D23F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="FF4EBE858E5152C3AEF39BD6A5DFD5EE">
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<mods:title id="11B5DDAFAB79CCDE32CB83634D9B901A">Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F63C9ADC008CC443BB58ECD01B5D7829">
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<mods:date id="D104DE1279A489924D4E51E3A00939E7">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B19AA299817965CD8D46DF927E5D897D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A5BB03123C3C62CA1B1CBEB643C66252">2025-02-04</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="4FF373D0829742BABF2D74A486A09832" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="52046E3387BA4F2D8E13E65AAA843847">50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="2E44C1D4BAB6845E6E985F51647197C0" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="BE4DBAA480A8C1945CF75B29B9FD1634">119</mods:start>
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||
<mods:end id="00BE4D6CDA5D13F65DB0B7BDBFD58A09">151</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="CAE28642E578E51A51726358CD330585">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DE7986E16E4CD31CC2F89113331C234C" type="DOI">10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FEFE7CFD74E83C2C56C9FB9BC785515D" type="ZooBank">4E0CCF70-D052-4828-AED4-4346C33B99DF</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB" ID-arpha="E2875DDC-A0C6-5E8B-A16E-2F22318671AB" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/AAC648E3-12FA-4136-B799-BD5E2829EF66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AAC648E3-12FA-4136-B799-BD5E2829EF66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Cochliopidae" scope_order="Littorinimorpha" scope_phylum="Mollusca" scope_subClass="Caenogastropoda" scope_superFamily="Truncatelloidea">
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||
<subSubSection id="0D345418B7AE96EB790BA7FC8C6FC7EB" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="FBFB807F14BA728FABC2EDB9088B2FA6">
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||
<taxonomicName id="27F6917F5989AEB52EF5B729A0893C0B" authority="Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez, 2025" authorityName="Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B293FB5197F961086E9217B685DB660A" italics="true">Stygopyrgus gracilis</emphasis>
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Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez, 2025
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="648EF74C2CB8C0478D1F545351D66DA2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8EFC2D0A8AAD6374AB89292B921675EA" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="95A113365889BA45CF04F8CD02F000F5">
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<figureCitation id="9D939A01E6C7E5172218EB31702DD2F3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. SEM of shells A shells of Stygopyrgus variabilis sp. nov., Las Palmas 5, Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande, Brewster Co., TX. ANSP 506748 B Las Palmas 1, Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande, Brewster Co., TX C shell of Stygopyrgus gracilis sp. nov., Fresno Creek, Fresno Canyon, Presidio County, TX. ANSP 506744 D Texapyrgus diaboli, comb. nov., lectotype of Tryonia diaboli, ANSP 91726, Drift of Devils River, Val Verde County, TX E Big Satan Canyon, Devils River, Val Verde County, TX F Phreatodrobia embossa sp. nov., Caroline Springs, Terrell County, TX. ANSP 506746. Scale bars: 500 µm (A – C, F); 300 µm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1242126">Figs 4 C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B4DFB1B5BE460308A0DDBFF1BDCC1592" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. SEM of protoconch sculpture A – D & teleoconch sculpture E – I A, E Stygopyrgus variabilis sp. nov. Individual from Las Palmas 1, Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande, Brewster County, TX B, F Stygopyrgus gracilis sp. nov. Individual from Fresno Canyon, Presidio County, TX C, G Texapyrgus diaboli comb. nov. Individual from Big Satan Canyon, Devils River, Val Verde County, TX D, H Phreatodrobia embossa sp. nov. Individual from Caroline Springs, Terrell County, TX I Balconorbis coronae comb. nov. Individual from Indian Springs Canyon Springs, Val Verde County, TX. Scale bars: 100 µm (A – E); 50 µm (E – I)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1242127">5 B, F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1909E1967F2888C4ADEF6FEB6E9A51CE" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal view of the penis of the three new species A Stygopyrgus variabilis B Stygopyrgus gracilis C Phreatodrobia embossa. Yellow color is due to Bouin’s solution for dissection, preserved tissues are white. Scale bars: 100 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1242128">6 B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="294492C1B942FC2132C2D79742CE9974" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. SEM of radula (A – F) of new Stygopyrgus species A – C Stygopyrgus variabilis, Las Palmas 1, Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande, Brewster County, TX D – F Stygopyrgus gracilis, Fresno Canyon, Presidio County, TX. Scale bar radula: 1 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1242129">7 B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK4BG" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="1794C2A1B60F5F63B2BA4261505BB981">
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||
<heading id="41EF5C5ED181F1D62EC0430F077DDA7C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A4AF18912FBB1E8E4EA5359FD50BD645">Shell minute, elongate, turriform, nearly smooth on both protoconch and teleoconch with few fine spiral lines and longitudinal growth lines. Penis slender with single, blunt, elongate papillae on inner curve near mid-length and sharply tapering distal end.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP4BG" type="type locality">
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||
<paragraph id="A5BE5D29292C101975EB12473811A2FF">
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||
<heading id="6C49DEBBA4D48AC5CD33D118DA429EAA" reason="title">Type locality.</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="BBC3C648D6CB62DC4E825DDBE65EAF76">
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<materialsCitation id="B493715E3826C9E716B0801F2EB5A4D4" country="United States of America" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.74829" location="Fresno Creek, hyporheic zone" longLatPrecision="4" longitude="-102.6075" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
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<collectingCountry id="C4178F55DD890EA6035B2EFFA5EB71B1" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="71D54E63E75F7FFF1E9BFB8C9FECC452" country="United States of America" name="Texas">Texas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="0F83AEE41C3F80938031420DA17E2C7D">Presidio County</collectingCounty>
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||
,
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<collectingMunicipality id="DEBCDC89511459908B4D716E7BBA0A9F">Big Bend Ranch State Park</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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<location id="ADC01EC5F6EF886337B95E69B9E47CDF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB:ADC01EC5F6EF886337B95E69B9E47CDF" country="United States of America" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.74829" longLatPrecision="4" longitude="-102.6075" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" name="Fresno Creek, hyporheic zone" stateProvince="Texas">Fresno Creek, hyporheic zone</location>
|
||
(
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<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EY4BG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-102.607500,29.748290]}">
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||
<geoCoordinate id="C71E7CB6867FBB16049BA1833DAD179B" degrees="29.74829" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.74829">29.74829</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8404DE3367A5D7BEEEACC04F61658DB0" degrees="102.6075" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-102.6075">- 102.6075</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E44BG" type="material">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA18AA02535F186B4C6661BE25CBBBFD">
|
||
<heading id="1C4E8A9A9C51CF9BEA92B28F6779F056" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B0FC3CE7C700FFD18D4BD0C53BAF6FC">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2C99BA9EE25685ABE50FBB59AD30735" bold="true" italics="true">
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F0E1C3BDF197DB0CAD84BA2C2383F08" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="5ACE20EE84CA924B53A6A6B357C94423" bold="true" italics="true">
|
||
<typeStatus id="61137A2B2E4612F45EA1B63C1A685BBD" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4E68E61756AC9CFD0C3FC15D7B1751A9" collectingDate="2021-10-05" collectingMethod="hyporheic sample" collectionCode="ANSP" collectorName="K. E. Perez & A. Cottrell & L. Pustka" country="United States of America" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.30064" location="Fresno Creek" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-103.84596" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" specimenCode="ANSP 506744, ANSP 506745" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8F2059EA1A715CF13036945CE446BCC4" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="829F5031D98D5B5F2413D73E1E291776" country="United States of America" name="Texas">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="05C8BA8B61BF995794F1B105DB19DAF0">Presidio County</collectingCounty>
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5BE83B8151EBC62B4DB4CAF34A10C49A">Big Bend Ranch State Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="697B76AB2433992E4DCC8953CE64EDA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB:697B76AB2433992E4DCC8953CE64EDA5" country="United States of America" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.30064" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-103.84596" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" name="Fresno Creek" stateProvince="Texas">Fresno Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod id="78FD97656BC9B2DE7A0F7D107C936B3B">hyporheic sample</collectingMethod>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="F3E8803D5476339300C5E059B29766BD">K. E. Perez</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="B27B85584920676A1BA7F087842D27A1">A. Cottrell</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A6F020B1EF5577F174D9C4F587511BEC">L. Pustka</collectorName>
|
||
, (
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EO5BG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-103.845960,29.300640]}">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B73A4B6B18EF60B2E9A4C2743AFBF708" degrees="29.30064" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.30064">29.30064</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D7DC9B1E7BD6AFB7389CE74B5EB2AF3E" degrees="103.84596" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-103.84596">- 103.84596</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="ABC7A06ABA5DC548FEA2B94FE74B15BD" value="2021-10-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="AC9508A8F03981CA50253F7D9945E83D" value="2021-10-05">5 October 2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="5D4795A1F20A64DA50340A6AEA0B7A38" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" type="">
|
||
<named-content id="C58E892EDD69C3CA6069DFF3BA5D5B76" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/academy-natural-sciences-philadelphia" xlink_title="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia at Drexler University">ANSP</named-content>
|
||
506744
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C9B143526CC2B42A272D8144AAEB9915" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" type="">
|
||
<named-content id="A1321E621E9968242BA29C52D62AF554" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/academy-natural-sciences-philadelphia" xlink_title="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia at Drexler University">ANSP</named-content>
|
||
506745
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E25BG" type="material">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0E0B1C26A662341FDD220CD8B46E12">
|
||
<heading id="98B0B0719ED22B3EC0F3FA487DF54E06" reason="title">Additional material examined.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A6DD0C42B0A773E4B928CFBE864B1386">
|
||
–
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E6212B7DCA8196A9FDFC09A729108DB7" collectingDate="2021-12-10" collectingMethod="hyporheic sample" collectionCode="ABC" collectorName="K. E. Perez & B. Schwartz & B. Hutchins" country="United States of America" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.30064" location="Fresno Creek" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-103.84596" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" specimenCode="ABC-000919" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6F9E366C16FC9384D45972E20D1E93A" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B9E6CE12895955AC319A5D374303F942" country="United States of America" name="Texas">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="53C3C4D98D268C0B9DF9BBA739261958">Presidio County</collectingCounty>
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E15488E8C323B39335C68B27E94E0689">Big Bend Ranch State Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D72A299EDA52CE474EF181C47C9AE5E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2875DDCA0C65E8BA16E2F22318671AB:D72A299EDA52CE474EF181C47C9AE5E1" country="United States of America" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.30064" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-103.84596" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" name="Fresno Creek" stateProvince="Texas">Fresno Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod id="076187A03241BE63C730879303F95CEE">hyporheic sample</collectingMethod>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="E3E3758D8365121C7A13643C47D73A2B">K. E. Perez</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="ACFCD0A7601DA6D36EE8E32FB22A6287">B. Schwartz</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A210BA6D08E58A1514AF6964324481F9">B. Hutchins</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EE6BG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-103.845960,29.300640]}">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB27869B4F7F415EF3EB2BCB6B6AB697" degrees="29.30064" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.30064">29.30064</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7E40E9A4B94A25A12149C30AFB04F3C2" degrees="103.84596" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-103.84596">- 103.84596</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="7FCCCB4766726FCDC27435A906917E5A" value="2021-12-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="F3846F4CFCA0AD6FE99AB78844862CDF" value="2021-12-10">10 December 2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="09DA342582E43BB81F2425A08BD9192C">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ6BG" xlink_title="Texas State University Aquifer Biodiversity Collection">ABC</abbrev>
|
||
-000919
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EN6BG" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F31F5F1232EA069102EF1ED81A93051D">
|
||
<heading id="81F2C0BA4FF5E563C9B31B5D500F1C7A" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0B8B4547223CB725389DF88A12A36B">
|
||
Shell minute, transparent, thin, nearly smooth, turriform, lightly sculptured. Spire finely tapering. Sutures deeply incised, growing deeper towards the body whorl, until aperture is separated from body whorl. Fine transverse lines along occasional whorls of teleoconch. Fine collabral growth lines at regular intervals on last two whorls. Sutures contain irregular indentations increasing in quantity approaching apex. Body whorl and aperture separated from previous whorl in adults. First whorl of protoconch elevated. Aperture ovate, lip thin, slightly reflected at base of aperture in adults, and not thickened. Aperture tilted forward. Umbilicus a wide slit due to separation of aperture from body whorl. Average shell measurements for adults (n = 8): shell height =
|
||
<quantity id="687A5F707C01EC3B992D617E959E1E69" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.32" unit="mm" value="1.32">1.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD = 0.14), shell width =
|
||
<quantity id="F1E9322EF8A8FE1775C7E0291F8AAF81" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="mm" value="0.52">0.52 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD = 0.06), aperture height =
|
||
<quantity id="D98D807116F75EBDD558C744E11A6B0A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD = 0.04), aperture width =
|
||
<quantity id="9012EF3378C6D6B0E4EE0B52DDA319E4" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD = 0.03), number of whorls = 5.34 (SD = 0.55).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F7063BB87740862D271AE6F6F3B50EC0">Body unpigmented, snout rounded, slightly tapered, with rounded distal lobes. Tentacles short, squat, tapered with no eyes or eye patches visible. Foot short, anterior portion rounded, without lateral wings. Ctenidium, when present, a series of 10 + triangular lobes found through the pallial roof, not present in some individuals. Intestine curves in “ s ” shape through pallial cavity, with rectum ending near edge of mantle. Intestine lined with short oval fecal pellets. Operculum extremely thin, lightly pigmented amber, nucleus submarginal, edge rounded, distinct muscle attachment scar. No apparent thickened or raised portion on inner surface. Penis very long, thin, and tapering, hooked at the distal end in preserved specimens. Proximal half of the penis length with shallow folds, one papilla present about 2 / 3 of way towards distal end. Female reproductive anatomy not described due to a lack of female specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6A546923ABDEAEF29685515F5A940359">
|
||
Central radula tooth trapezoidal. Central cusp of central radular tooth oval with rounded edge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B12DA2513C1701B3AD432B059A3F984" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. SEM of radula (A – F) of new Stygopyrgus species A – C Stygopyrgus variabilis, Las Palmas 1, Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande, Brewster County, TX D – F Stygopyrgus gracilis, Fresno Canyon, Presidio County, TX. Scale bar radula: 1 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1242129">7 D</figureCitation>
|
||
); lateral cusps 5–6 on each side; central cusp about 1 / 3 longer than adjacent cusps with elongate oval shape, lateral cusps become less rounded and more pointed distally, tapering at the end. Single pair of basal cusps conical, pointed, singular basal cusps pointed, with small buttress. Basal tongue broadly v-shaped. Face of lateral tooth rectangular, narrowing upon reaching the outer wing; outer wing tapering; central cusp slightly longer than lateral cusps, 6–7 cusps outer and 5 cusps inner direction, decreasing in size distally. Inner marginal teeth with broad outer wing, no basal notch, 22–23 cusps visible, similar in length, inner cusps slightly longer, middle cusps slightly wider at base, last 2–3 cusps shorter than the rest. Outer marginal teeth broad and curved at end, cusps 9–11. Middle cusps longer, fingerlike (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4372A198FDC72F41AC09FE33779FD780" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. SEM of radula (A – F) of new Stygopyrgus species A – C Stygopyrgus variabilis, Las Palmas 1, Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande, Brewster County, TX D – F Stygopyrgus gracilis, Fresno Canyon, Presidio County, TX. Scale bar radula: 1 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.50.138174.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1242129">7 E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E46BG" type="Taxonomic remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="6446EAE1533DDD33E193999CDFAE3026">
|
||
<heading id="711DCC8E5CCE13BB32A79A6E0833FE6B" reason="title">Taxonomic remarks.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C54CA53FC615E56BC167F217F9AA0B8C">
|
||
Both mitochondrial and nuclear gene phylogenies place this new species near
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8072E07D335ACC7457C613D92D560926" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bartonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9B3490A0BA0CB27A950028660FAA68" italics="true">Stygopyrgus bartonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(9.6 % p-distance) and with 10.1 % p-distance from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4B0F65FEE74205D9219D8BC003FD17C4" authorityName="Perez & Saenz" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="271ED58CF18D476EEE43570CFDDF1DE3" italics="true">Stygopyrgus variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the branch support is only moderate for placement in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A64294F764245F5A83F1F3BDAB18C259" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F296A1622F827DF8CBDCDED830F6646F" italics="true">Stygopyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, these species share a minute shell, elongately conic shell outline, and teleoconch sculpture including raised spiral lines and collabral growth lines. These sculptural features are greatly reduced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="817C44126D547AF4B54CF3F97D686B1B" authorityName="Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2755F47E37C95D0C7211200DE23A88CA" italics="true">Stygopyrgus gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2910BC8ED5697B3BCED56F3058C3B4A" authorityName="Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="91877775331251EDC6AAC980FDDBDC1B" italics="true">Stygopyrgus gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share aspects of penial morphology with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="814B36270C7856B672AC09C94DF53DDA" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bartonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1136A219E2D6FA28423F4A96C5C06DC2" italics="true">S. bartonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a slender penis tapering but with a single instead of two papillae and a more elongate and sharply tapering distal end. This combination of DNA and morphological features seems to situate this species squarely in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31B4A74B4C53E1B02F9147FD5B07EADA" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C0E12B9FD6D0DA74B445CCC9F7F23E1" italics="true">Stygopyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but is sufficiently distinctive to merit species status.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJCAI" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="169B87321D9CEA6B0B423F633AC72CAE">
|
||
<heading id="4FCD4D20734B28AB3B6D9FD097FD7ABC" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="106270F4A18C7AAB9DDD0CE7AEE8A1CE">
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="064EE14AE75F0760F2DA0A4906FE19C2" authorityName="Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="E1FF2B9EEA5BEF6C7B573E9EC08B6543" italics="true">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” was chosen to reflect the elongate, slender form of the shell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZCAI" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="37B84D7F9E780545BCCF59C98E51E546">
|
||
<heading id="2F61D9875FF268BBEB141B5B9A19D08C" reason="title">Ecology and habitat.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F1DC564B7370495EB7A6E21477FDB80A">
|
||
Fresno Creek watershed contains a mostly dry gravelly desert stream channel with intermittent reaches of permanent water, flowing southward through Fresno Canyon on the west side of the Solitario in Big Bend Ranch State Park (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D047B24836C274251AA217240D9102D" author="Rush" firstAuthor="Rush" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science" pagination="326-335" refId="B41" refString="Rush RW (1960) Drainage Development in Lower Fresno Creek Area, Presidio County, Texas. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science 67: 326–335. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias/vol67/iss1/43" title="Drainage Development in Lower Fresno Creek Area, Presidio County, Texas." url="https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias/vol67/iss1/43" volume="67" year="1960">Rush 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Fresno Creek joins the Rio Grande / Rio Bravo ~
|
||
<quantity id="C470C4E8C90E442706D1D6AFFFE4ACC7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="km" value="2.3">2.3 km</quantity>
|
||
below the type locality. Upstream reaches of Fresno Creek receive small amounts of water from springs in the Chorro Canyon tributary, where water emerges from volcanic rock layers. The eastern side of the basin contains extensive, karstified limestones of the Solitario and Terlingua monocline. Small springs along Fresno Creek itself, and groundwater underflow discharging into the extensive gravels forming the creek bed, also contribute to flows.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64B49DE782AC522BDFC0F2169214FD76" authorityName="Perez, Saenz & Gonzalez" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47F202134C8DC404FBDE480D2BD5D338" italics="true">Stygopyrgus gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in hyporheic samples collected from gravel deposits in a short perennial reach where a bedrock exposure in the streambed forces subsurface flows in upstream gravels to reach the surface. Water chemistry values averaging 24.89 ° C, pH 7.95, conductivity of 1071 μS / cm, and dissolved oxygen of
|
||
<quantity id="87B41A7606C17BC203F461D92C9CAB86" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.37" unit="mg" value="5.37">5.37 mg</quantity>
|
||
/ L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E39DB4FAA64F8FC76DD12F27E794526">
|
||
Fresno Creek fauna included nematodes, freshwater mites, freshwater Annelida, and crustaceans (ostracods, cyclopoid and harpaticoid copepods). Insects included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="033DB8359FB448BB93176DBDEBB64668" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84103601F592D6DF9E715E11A7DCF04B" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dryopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |