treatments-xml/data/30/22/B7/3022B7169730512B8167F277C02FE66C.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.34404" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b780cb18-a81b-460b-be7c-13a9665f9bc5" ID-PMC="PMC6795605" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-879-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D7E385CB91715F718747515174CEE2A1" ID-PubMed="31636496" ID-ZooBank="53FD6801C4B54C09B61B47210DE937A7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-879-1" checkinTime="1570746164456" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bu, Yun, Xiong, Yan, Luan, Yun-Xia &amp; Yin, Wen-Ying" docDate="2019" docId="3022B7169730512B8167F277C02FE66C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 879: 1-21" docOrigin="ZooKeys 879" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.34404" docTitle="Pseudanisentomon sininotiale Zhang &amp; Yin 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="D7E385CB91715F718747515174CEE2A1" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="D7E385CB91715F718747515174CEE2A1" masterDocTitle="Protura from Hainan Island, China: new species, checklist and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668167860112" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Protura from Hainan Island, China: new species, checklist and distribution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bu, Yun</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Xiong, Yan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Luan, Yun-Xia</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yin, Wen-Ying</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>879</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>21</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.34404</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.34404</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-879-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">53FD6801C4B54C09B61B47210DE937A7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D7E385CB91715F718747515174CEE2A1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159690856" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3022B7169730512B8167F277C02FE66C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3022B7169730512B8167F277C02FE66C" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName LSID="3022B716-9730-512B-8167-F277C02FE66C" authority="Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Yin" authorityYear="1984" class="Entognatha" family="Eosentomidae" genus="Pseudanisentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudanisentomon sininotiale" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sininotiale">Pseudanisentomon sininotiale Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">2 females, locality 1, 27-XI-1984, coll. G. T. Jin &amp; Z. Y. Liu. 2 females, 4 males, locality 4, 23-I-2004; 1 male, locality 3, 600 m elev., 27-I-2004, coll. Y. Xiong.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">China (Hainan, Guangxi, Hunan).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The 34 species of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="order">Protura</taxonomicName>
recorded from Hainan Island belong to 11 genera and five families (
<taxonomicName family="Protentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Protentomidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Berberentulidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Berberentulidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Sinentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Sinentomidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Fujientomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Fujientomidae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Eosentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Eosentomidae</taxonomicName>
) (Table 
<tableCitation captionStartId="T5" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C59910E61A087D76C9EBC709CD6565A" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" tableUuid="4C59910E61A087D76C9EBC709CD6565A">5</tableCitation>
). Most species (91%) belong to 
<taxonomicName family="Eosentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Eosentomidae</taxonomicName>
(21 species) and 
<taxonomicName family="Berberentulidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Berberentulidae</taxonomicName>
(10 species), while the other three families are represented by one species each. Both 
<taxonomicName family="Berberentulidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Berberentulidae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Eosentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Eosentomidae</taxonomicName>
are widely distributed in China and have high species richness. In contrast, 
<taxonomicName family="Sinentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Sinentomidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Protentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Protentomidae</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName family="Fujientomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Fujientomidae</taxonomicName>
each has fewer species occurring in China. Undoubtedly, proturans found in Hainan Island are mainly related to the fauna of Oriental Region and are distinctly different from those from Russian Far East and Siberia (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.424.7388" author="Bu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="19 - 57" refId="B2" refString="Bu, Y, Potapov, MB, Yin, WY, 2014. Systematic and biogeographical study of Protura (Hexapoda) in Russian Far East: new data on high endemism of the group. ZooKeys 424: 19 - 57" title="Systematic and biogeographical study of Protura (Hexapoda) in Russian Far East: new data on high endemism of the group." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.424.7388" volume="424" year="2014">Bu et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3755.2.2" author="Shrubovych, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="136 - 164" refId="B9" refString="Shrubovych, J, 2014. Identification and character analysis of the Acerentomidae (Protura) of the northeastern Palearctic (Protura: Acerentomidae). Zootaxa 3755: 136 - 164" title="Identification and character analysis of the Acerentomidae (Protura) of the northeastern Palearctic (Protura: Acerentomidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3755.2.2" volume="3755" year="2014">Shrubovych 2014</bibRefCitation>
), which are dominated by the family 
<taxonomicName family="Acerentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Acerentomidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="4C59910E61A087D76C9EBC709CD6565A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C59910E61A087D76C9EBC709CD6565A" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="Table 5" startId="T5">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 5.</emphasis>
The list of proturan species from Hainan Island and their distribution in Hainan Island and three neighboring mainland provinces.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<table pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Classification</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Species</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hainan</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guangdong</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guangxi</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Yunnan</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName lsidName="Acerentomata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="suborder" suborder="Acerentomata">Acerentomata</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1996
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName family="Protentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Protentomidae</taxonomicName>
Ewing, 1936
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Protentomidae" genus="Paracondeellum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracondeellum" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paracondeellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, Xie &amp; Zhang, 1994
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. paradisum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="paradisum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. paradisum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</emphasis>
*
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">11**</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName family="Berberentulidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Berberentulidae</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1983
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Acerentomidae" genus="Baculentulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baculentulus" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Baculentulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tuxen,1977
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. tienmushanensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="tienmushanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. tienmushanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Yin, 1963)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">2, 3, 5, 11</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="8">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Acerentomidae" genus="Kenyentulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kenyentulus" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Kenyentulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tuxen, 1981
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. ciliciocalyci" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="ciliciocalyci">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. ciliciocalyci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1987
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. dolichadeni" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="dolichadeni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. dolichadeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1987
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. hainanensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1987
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. henanensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="henanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. henanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1983
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. japonicus" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Imadate, 1961)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. jianfengensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="jianfengensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. jianfengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1987
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 2</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. jinghongensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="jinghongensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. jinghongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1983
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. minys" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="minys">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K. minys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1983
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Acerentomidae" genus="Amphientulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphientulus" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amphientulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tuxen, 1981
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sinensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Xiong, Xie &amp; Yin, 2005
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sinentomata Yin, 1996</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName family="Sinentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Sinentomidae</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1965
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Sinentomidae" genus="Sinentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinentomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sinentomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1965
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. erythranum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="erythranum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. erythranum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1965
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 5, 12, 13</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName family="Fujientomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Fujientomidae</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1996
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Fujientomidae" genus="Fujientomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fujientomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fujientomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1977
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. dicestum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="dicestum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">F. dicestum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1977
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName lsidName="Eosentomata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="suborder" suborder="Eosentomata">Eosentomata</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1996
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName family="Eosentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="family">Eosentomidae</taxonomicName>
Berlese, 1909
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="14">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Eosentomidae" genus="Eosentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eosentomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Eosentomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Berlese, 1909
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. actitum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="actitum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. actitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang, 1983
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 3, 8, 11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. hainanense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="hainanense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. hainanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1986*
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 3, 5, 6, 8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. iban" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="iban">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. iban</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Imadate, 1965
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. jinhongense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="jinhongense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. jinhongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1982
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. margarops" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="margarops">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. margarops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin &amp; Zhang, 1982
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 2, 3, 5, 10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. novemchaetum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="novemchaetum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. novemchaetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1965
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. orientale" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="orientale">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. orientale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1965
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. sakura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="sakura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. sakura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Imadate &amp; Yosii, 1959
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 2, 4-8, 11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. shanum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="shanum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. shanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zhang, 1984)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 4</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spanum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="spanum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. spanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1986*
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. tropicum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="tropicum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. tropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1986*
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 8, 11</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xishaense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="xishaense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. xishaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1988
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 5, 9-11</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. yanshanense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="yanshanense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. yanshanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin &amp; Zhang, 1982
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 4, 6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. zhanjiangense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="zhanjiangense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. zhanjiangense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang, 1983
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="2">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Eosentomidae" genus="Anisentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisentomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Anisentomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yin, 1977
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hainanense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="hainanense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. hainanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Xiong, Bu &amp; Yin, 2008*
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. quadrisetum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="quadrisetum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. quadrisetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1981
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Eosentomidae" genus="Neanisentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanisentomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Neanisentomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. yuenicum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="yuenicum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">N. yuenicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Eosentomidae" genus="Paranisentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paranisentomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paranisentomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. tuxeni" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="tuxeni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. tuxeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Imadate &amp; Yosii, 1959)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="3">
<taxonomicName class="Entognatha" family="Eosentomidae" genus="Pseudanisentomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudanisentomon" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pseudanisentomon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. paurophthalmum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="paurophthalmum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. paurophthalmum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. molykos" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="molykos">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. molykos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. sininotiale" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="sininotiale">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. sininotiale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zhang &amp; Yin, 1984
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">1, 4</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
By comparing the species distribution, we found that the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Eosentomata" order="Protura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="order">Protura</taxonomicName>
fauna of Hainan Island is closely related to those of neighboring mainland regions (
<bibRefCitation author="Yin, WY" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="B18" refString="Yin, WY, 1999. Fauna Sinica. Arthropoda. Protura. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica. Arthropoda. Protura." year="1999">Yin 1999</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3409/000000007783995417" author="Szeptycki, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B10" refString="Szeptycki, A, 2007. Catalogue of the world Protura. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 50: 1 - 210" title="Catalogue of the world Protura." url="https://doi.org/10.3409/000000007783995417" volume="50" year="2007">Szeptycki 2007</bibRefCitation>
), and there are 13, 10, and 11 species shared with Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces, respectively (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. The sampling localities in Hainan Island. Numbers 1 - 13 indicate the localities listed in Tables 1, 5." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.34404.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345408" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.879.34404.figure1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
; Table 
<tableCitation captionStartId="T5" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C59910E61A087D76C9EBC709CD6565A" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" tableUuid="4C59910E61A087D76C9EBC709CD6565A">5</tableCitation>
), which is consistent with the geological history of Hainan Island (
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, XF" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing, China" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="B12" refString="Wang, XF, 1991. Geology of Hainan Island III, Structural Geology. Science Press, Beijing, China" title="Geology of Hainan Island III, Structural Geology." year="1991">Wang 1991</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Zhang, LS" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="B24" refString="Zhang, LS, Fang, XQ, 2012. Paleogeography of China, the Formation of Natural Environment in China. Science Press, Beijing" title="Paleogeography of China, the Formation of Natural Environment in China." year="2012">Zhang and Fang 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Until the Quaternary period (2.5 million years ago), Hainan Island was still connected with Leizhou Peninsula of Guangdong Province. In the Middle Pleistocene, fault depression led to the separation of Hainan Island from the mainland. With sea level fluctuations, Hainan Island was connected to or separated from the mainland for several times. Since the 
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">end</pageBreakToken>
of the Quaternary period, due to the drastically rise of sea level, Hainan Island has been separated from the mainland without interruption.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Among the mainland regions neighboring Hainan Island, the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Eosentomata" order="Protura" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="order">Protura</taxonomicName>
fauna of Yunnan Province has been systematically studied (
<bibRefCitation author="Zhang, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="139 - 146" refId="B23" refString="Zhang, J, Xie, R, Yin, WY, 1996. Study on diversity of Protura from Yunnan province. Zoological Research 17: 139 - 146" title="Study on diversity of Protura from Yunnan province." volume="17" year="1996">Zhang et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="B20">Yin et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
), and nearly 80 species were reported from that province, with the 
<taxonomicName family="Berberentulidae" lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="family">Berberentulidae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Ensentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="family">Ensentomidae</taxonomicName>
having fairly high diversity (
<bibRefCitation author="Zhang, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="139 - 146" refId="B23" refString="Zhang, J, Xie, R, Yin, WY, 1996. Study on diversity of Protura from Yunnan province. Zoological Research 17: 139 - 146" title="Study on diversity of Protura from Yunnan province." volume="17" year="1996">Zhang et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="B20">Yin et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
). In this 
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">study</pageBreakToken>
, we found the diversity of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Eosentomata" order="Protura" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="order">Protura</taxonomicName>
fauna from Hainan Island is very similar to that from Yunnan Province. The only difference is the presence of family 
<taxonomicName family="Hesperentomidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Hesperentomidae</taxonomicName>
in Yunnan, which is absent in Hainan Island.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Sampling localities in Hainan Island are still sparse, and additional collection of proturans should be made in the future, so as to reveal the true diversity and provide a better understanding of the biogeography of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Eosentomata" order="Protura" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="order">Protura</taxonomicName>
on the Hainan Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>