129 lines
14 KiB
XML
129 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="8C5BABD5FB51A9F8DBC47E12C5423E7C" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13332563" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1720669084001" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Peixoto, Luiz Antônio Wanderley & de Pinna, Mário" docDate="2022" docId="03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.20.1.e210009.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (e 210009) 20 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.3:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sternarchella Eigenmann 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFEE284CFFE1E438FFB65162717CF803" masterDocTitle="Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1723818792354" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C7CA4CDD9B97A2860F5887D136A800DA">
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<mods:title id="CB194B96C73A4473FF7382959A8247E1">Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="266EFDDBA39C3F0CEFF96FA4CEC66BA5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9DBF219240049B1C7270E87EF01F897E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C396E6CCA2FAD5C56229374F3C061EFB">Peixoto, Luiz Antônio Wanderley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B0E32C5DF9A323DD76ECA9DC7D47623E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A8455B237B4B0654EF589B33EC38E8DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6ABF33621266D8930306EE6A0431BADC">de Pinna, Mário</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="21044786A58D069186C4ECDD12D87C8E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="91333264556EC0C436E5878A61B20DDC">
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<mods:title id="DFBFA2974D15BCCCCB75D8BA304FA3B2">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9DEE1D8D8312953478A27B3781E53919">
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<mods:date id="23CBDBD69908CF814039FD4DCE0EF346">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="3B9CE59D3DE73065751E743C41AF14A1">e 210009</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="0F6A05395792E3104411C1BB54393B13">2022-04-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="725821ABDAAB2EC222A0AF44E5F25F47">20</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="AF5D53FCBBC0CF6FFF536F3E487C76E9">http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="60EB2D487EFE87AC77D7C929E7F66C9A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6732F08E175E7C27757A32BE03553ED4" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="253167291CFF25E8A1E3A572EA3FA903" type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CD7052A3851929AABE6EBAEC82CB4243" type="Zenodo-Dep">13332563</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720073" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDEE478FCA056617293F992" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" blockId="63.[790,1157,1795,1819]" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<heading id="D089564EFFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" ID-CoL="7N8W" authority="Eigenmann, 1905" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1905" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FCA0566172CAFF18" bold="true" box="[790,950,1795,1819]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sternarchella</emphasis>
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Eigenmann, 1905
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDEE478FDB0562C7293F992" blockId="63.[518,1459,1870,1894]" lastBlockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FDB0562C7262FF65" bold="true" box="[518,798,1870,1894]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FCDE562C72C8FF65" box="[872,948,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">malaris</emphasis>
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arises from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula, quadrate, and preopercle, converging anteriorly to the buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into an endomaxilar ligament, equal to the fibrous portion of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FCD5506A72D3F923" box="[867,943,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">malaris</emphasis>
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, to an insertion at the mesethmoid, premaxilla and the connective tissue between the anterior margin of the premaxilla and upper lip; and the anteroventral fibers converges into an ectomaxillary ligament that inserts at the posterolateral face of the maxilla (
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FCE8501A72C5F992" box="[862,953,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="51.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[213,1382,992,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-66@51.[213,1382,992,1739]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 24 | Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. A. Detail of lateral view of anterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Detail of lateral view of posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332613/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Figs. 24</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FC72501B729EF992" box="[964,994,377,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="68.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@68.[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 28 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332621/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">28</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA1E478FDB050FC7514FD35" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB050FC75B0FB05" blockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDFD50FC73B2F9B5" box="[587,718,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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originates in the pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, sympletic, hyomandibula, sphenotic, and metapterygoid. At its origin, the lateralmost portion of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDA0508A73E5FA03" box="[534,665,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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, presumably corresponding to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB80508A7506FA03" box="[1078,1146,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
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, is separated dorsally from the fibers of the presumed
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC97536C7217FA25" box="[801,875,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">stegalis</emphasis>
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by the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC7C536C75D5FA25" box="[970,1193,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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, becoming continuous at their mid-portion and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The fibers corresponding to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC84533A720AFA73" box="[818,886,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
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inserts mainly into the coronoid process and to the posterodorsal margin of the anguloarticular; and the presumed
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB5B531C744BFA95" box="[1261,1335,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">stegalis</emphasis>
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converges into an intersegmental aponeurosis weakly differentiated, where its ventral portion differentiates into the meckelian tendon to an insertion to the coronomeckelian bone, and the anterodorsal fibers converges into the mandibular tendon.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB0527173CAFB98" blockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD8C52767240FB28" box="[570,828,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
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is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 20% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FBA9525B7415FB53" box="[1055,1385,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
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nerve trespasses the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD33523C7274FB75" box="[645,776,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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, and lies lateral to the presumptive
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB29523C7595FB75" box="[1183,1257,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">stegalis</emphasis>
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and mesial to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FE5F52E17351FB98" box="[489,557,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDD552E173D3FB98" box="[611,687,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">malaris</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB052AC7514FD35" blockId="64.[488,1462,974,1334]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDB052AC7269FBE5" bold="true" box="[518,789,974,998]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FCE452AC7556FBE5" box="[850,1066,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal, pterosphenoid, and sphenotic; inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB8B557A7464FC33" box="[1085,1304,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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is wider than its insertion, equal to one and a half of its insertion (
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FBEC555C75CCFC55" box="[1114,1200,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="68.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@68.[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 28 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332621/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
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). At the insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB8D55017465FC78" box="[1083,1305,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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are lateral to the presumptive
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD1C55EA7392FCA3" box="[682,750,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
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, while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD8055CC7306FCC5" box="[566,634,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
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. The anteromesial fibers are inserted into the hyomandibula through an aponeurotic attachment, with the remaining subsets of fibers being essentially fibrous. The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD96559A7382FD13" box="[544,766,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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has a mesial arrangement where the anterior margin of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FE5E547C73F8FD35" box="[488,644,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">dilator operculi</emphasis>
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exceeds the median portion of this muscle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |