Add updates up until 2024-08-16 14:34:27
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03D75034FFA0E479FD5052917464FF18.xml03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5.xml03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6.xml03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73.xml03D75034FFC4E41DFCB2504C739CFD82.xml03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98.xml03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38.xml03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85.xml03D75034FFCEE417FD4153517215FDA6.xml03D75034FFD6E40FFCAA501A72B8FDA5.xml03D75034FFDBE403FC8A54D174C8FBC3.xml03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6.xml03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35.xml03D75034FFFAE424FC8252E17572FC08.xml03D75034FFFBE423FC8B525B75EAFB52.xml
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<treatment id="03D75034FFA0E479FD5052917464FF18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720083" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720083" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFA0E479FD5052917464FF18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFA0E479FD5052917464FF18" pageId="65">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA0E479FD50529174F5FD13" pageId="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FD50529175C9FC08" blockId="65.[742,1205,1011,1035]" box="[742,1205,1011,1035]" pageId="65">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA0E479FD50529175C9FC08" ID-CoL="7N8Y" authority="Eigenmann, 1905" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1905" box="[742,1205,1011,1035]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FD505291729AFC08" bold="true" box="[742,998,1011,1035]" pageId="65">Sternarchorhamphus</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA0E479FD50529174F5FD13" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FD50529175C9FC08" blockId="65.[742,1205,1011,1035]" box="[742,1205,1011,1035]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="D089564EFFA0E479FD50529175C9FC08" box="[742,1205,1011,1035]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA0E479FD50529175C9FC08" ID-CoL="7N8Y" authority="Eigenmann, 1905" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1905" box="[742,1205,1011,1035]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FD505291729AFC08" bold="true" box="[742,998,1011,1035]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Sternarchorhamphus</emphasis>
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Eigenmann, 1905
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FDB0555C74F5FD13" blockId="65.[487,1459,1086,1558]" pageId="65">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDB0555C726BFC55" bold="true" box="[518,791,1086,1110]" pageId="65">Adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FDB0555C74F5FD13" blockId="65.[487,1459,1086,1558]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDB0555C726BFC55" bold="true" box="[518,791,1086,1110]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
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. The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FCDE555C72C8FC55" box="[872,948,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="65">malaris</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FCDE555C72C8FC55" box="[872,948,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">malaris</emphasis>
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arises from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula, preopercle, and simpletic; converging anteriorly to the buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into an endomaxilar ligament, equal to a half of the fibrous portion of the
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||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC7955CC7567FCC5" box="[975,1051,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="65">malaris</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC7955CC7567FCC5" box="[975,1051,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">malaris</emphasis>
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, to an insertion at the posteromesial margin of the premaxilla; and the anteroventral fibers converges to the same membrane which, in turn, attaches to the dorsal and posterior margins of the maxilla (
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA0E479FA9C559A7401FD13" box="[1322,1405,1272,1296]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="66.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[158,1437,991,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-229@66.[158,1437,991,1804]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 26 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchorhamphus mulleri (Apteronotidae), USNM 373030, 222.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." pageId="65">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA0E479FA9C559A7401FD13" box="[1322,1405,1272,1296]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="66.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[158,1437,991,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-229@66.[158,1437,991,1804]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 26 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchorhamphus mulleri (Apteronotidae), USNM 373030, 222.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332617/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA0E479FDB0547C7464FF18" pageId="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FDB0547C723BFE16" blockId="65.[487,1459,1086,1558]" pageId="65">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FDB0547C723BFE16" blockId="65.[487,1459,1086,1558]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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||||
The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDFC547C73B1FD35" box="[586,717,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDFC547C73B1FD35" box="[586,717,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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originates in the hyomandibula, quadrate, metapterygoid, sphenotic, parasphenoid, pterosphenoid, and sympletic. At its origin, the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FA86542174CFFD58" box="[1328,1459,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FA86542174CFFD58" box="[1328,1459,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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is a single mass of fibers, and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The fibers corresponding to the presumed
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC3954EC72AFFDA5" box="[911,979,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="65">rictalis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC3954EC72AFFDA5" box="[911,979,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">rictalis</emphasis>
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inserts mainly into the posterior margin of the anguloarticular; and the presumed
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC2854D17294FDC8" box="[926,1000,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="65">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC2854D17294FDC8" box="[926,1000,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">stegalis</emphasis>
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||||
converges into the meckelian tendon to an insertion to the coronomeckelian bone. The
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FBB654BB743FFDF3" box="[1024,1347,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="65">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FBB654BB743FFDF3" box="[1024,1347,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve lies mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDCA549D723CFE15" box="[636,832,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="65">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDCA549D723CFE15" box="[636,832,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
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||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FDB0572B7464FF18" blockId="65.[484,1459,1608,1819]" pageId="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDB0572B7268FE63" bold="true" box="[518,788,1608,1633]" pageId="65">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA0E479FDB0572B7464FF18" blockId="65.[484,1459,1608,1819]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDB0572B7268FE63" bold="true" box="[518,788,1608,1633]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FCF9572A755AFE63" box="[847,1062,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FCF9572A755AFE63" box="[847,1062,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a trapezoidal shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FD0C57F172EAFEA8" box="[698,918,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FD0C57F172EAFEA8" box="[698,918,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
corresponds to its insertion. At the insertion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDA557DA7391FED3" box="[531,749,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDA557DA7391FED3" box="[531,749,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, all fibers are located laterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FB3857DA75A6FED3" box="[1166,1242,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="65">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FB3857DA75A6FED3" box="[1166,1242,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
; and with only the posterodorsal fibers being mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC1C57BC7527FEF5" box="[938,1115,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="65">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FC1C57BC7527FEF5" box="[938,1115,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, where the anterior margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDA4566173D2FF18" box="[530,686,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="65">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FDA4566173D2FF18" box="[530,686,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
exceeds the median portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FB8F5661746DFF18" box="[1081,1297,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA0E479FB8F5661746DFF18" box="[1081,1297,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,127 +1,132 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720089" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720089" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5" lastPageId="67" pageId="66">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFD4351DC75DAF8D5" blockId="66.[757,1190,190,214]" box="[757,1190,190,214]" pageId="66">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA3E47AFD4351DC75DAF8D5" ID-CoL="7N8Z" authority="Castelnau, 1855" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityYear="1855" box="[757,1190,190,214]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD4351DC7291F8D5" bold="true" box="[757,1005,190,214]" pageId="66">Sternarchorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720089" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720089" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFA3E47BFD4351DC74E0F9B5" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA3E47AFD4351DC7503FA03" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFD4351DC75DAF8D5" blockId="66.[757,1190,190,214]" box="[757,1190,190,214]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="D089564EFFA3E47AFD4351DC75DAF8D5" box="[757,1190,190,214]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA3E47AFD4351DC75DAF8D5" ID-CoL="7N8Z" authority="Castelnau, 1855" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityYear="1855" box="[757,1190,190,214]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD4351DC7291F8D5" bold="true" box="[757,1005,190,214]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Sternarchorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||||
Castelnau, 1855
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFDB0506A7503FA03" blockId="66.[485,1461,264,886]" pageId="66">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFDB0506A7262F923" bold="true" box="[518,798,264,288]" pageId="66">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFDB0506A7503FA03" blockId="66.[485,1461,264,886]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFDB0506A7262F923" bold="true" box="[518,798,264,288]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFCDE506A72C8F923" box="[872,948,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="66">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFCDE506A72C8F923" box="[872,948,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula and preopercle, converging anteriorly to the buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into a poorly differentiated endomaxilar ligament, equal to three time of the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB26501A75A0F993" box="[1168,1244,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="66">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB26501A75A0F993" box="[1168,1244,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, to an insertion at the posterodorsal face of the maxilla; and the anteroventral fibers converges into an ectomaxillary ligament that inserts at the posterolateral face of the same bone (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA3E47AFAE250A174DAF9D8" box="[1364,1446,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="67.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-20@67.[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 27 | Sternarchorhynchus goeldii (Apteronotidae), MPEG 1193, 1, 148.3 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature; B. Mesial view of the adductor mandibulae. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." pageId="66">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA3E47AFAE250A174DAF9D8" box="[1364,1446,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="67.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-20@67.[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 27 | Sternarchorhynchus goeldii (Apteronotidae), MPEG 1193, 1, 148.3 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature; B. Mesial view of the adductor mandibulae. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332619/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFDAB508A7315FA03" box="[541,617,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="66">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFDAB508A7315FA03" box="[541,617,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
is positioned lateroventrally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFC43508A7504FA03" box="[1013,1144,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="66">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFC43508A7504FA03" box="[1013,1144,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA3E47BFDB0536C74E0F9B5" lastPageId="67" pageId="66" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFDB0536C7406FB76" blockId="66.[485,1461,264,886]" pageId="66">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA3E47BFDB0536C74E0F9B5" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFDB0536C7406FB76" blockId="66.[485,1461,264,886]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD8F536C73C0FA25" box="[569,700,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="66">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD8F536C73C0FA25" box="[569,700,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the quadrate, sympletic, endopterygoid, pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, hyomandibula, sphenotic, and metapterygoid. At its origin, the lateralmost portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFC94533A72D9FA73" box="[802,933,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="66">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFC94533A72D9FA73" box="[802,933,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, presumably corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFAFD533A74F3FA73" box="[1355,1423,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="66">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFAFD533A74F3FA73" box="[1355,1423,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, is separated dorsally from the fibers of the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB9B531C750BFA95" box="[1069,1143,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="66">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB9B531C750BFA95" box="[1069,1143,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
by the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB64531C74D2FA95" box="[1234,1454,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="66">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB64531C74D2FA95" box="[1234,1454,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, becoming continuous at their mid-portion and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The fibers presumably corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB2253AA75A4FAE3" box="[1172,1240,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="66">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB2253AA75A4FAE3" box="[1172,1240,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
inserts mainly into the coronoid process throught a ligament equal to the fibrous portion of this section; and the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD0C52717278FB28" box="[698,772,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="66">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD0C52717278FB28" box="[698,772,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converges into the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts on the posterodorsal margin of the dentary. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFBB8525B746DFB53" box="[1038,1297,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="66">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFBB8525B746DFB53" box="[1038,1297,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is absent (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA3E47AFA30525A7365FB75" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="67.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-20@67.[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 27 | Sternarchorhynchus goeldii (Apteronotidae), MPEG 1193, 1, 148.3 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature; B. Mesial view of the adductor mandibulae. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." pageId="66">Fig. 27B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA3E47AFA30525A7365FB75" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="67.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-20@67.[488,1459,657,1759]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 27 | Sternarchorhynchus goeldii (Apteronotidae), MPEG 1193, 1, 148.3 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature; B. Mesial view of the adductor mandibulae. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332619/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 27B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFDD7523D72DFFB75" box="[609,931,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="66">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFDD7523D72DFFB75" box="[609,931,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve lies mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB19523D740FFB75" box="[1199,1395,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="66">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFB19523D740FFB75" box="[1199,1395,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFA3E47AFF3E564E73FAFF66" pageId="66" startId="66.[136,209,1836,1856]" targetBox="[158,1437,991,1804]" targetPageId="66" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFF3E564E73FAFF66" blockId="66.[136,1370,1836,1893]" pageId="66">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFF3E564E707DFF43" bold="true" box="[136,257,1836,1856]" pageId="66">FIGURE 26 |</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFA3E47AFF3E564E73FAFF66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332617" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13332617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332617/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[136,209,1836,1856]" targetBox="[158,1437,991,1804]" targetPageId="66" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA3E47AFF3E564E73FAFF66" blockId="66.[136,1370,1836,1893]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFF3E564E707DFF43" bold="true" box="[136,257,1836,1856]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 26 |</emphasis>
|
||||
Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA3E47AFD12564E72E3FF43" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[676,927,1836,1856]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD12564E72E3FF43" bold="true" box="[676,927,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="66">Sternarchorhamphus mulleri</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA3E47AFD12564E72E3FF43" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[676,927,1836,1856]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA3E47AFD12564E72E3FF43" bold="true" box="[676,927,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Sternarchorhamphus mulleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA3E47AFC1C564E754FFF43" authorityName="D.S.Jordan" authorityYear="1923" box="[938,1075,1836,1856]" family="Apteronotidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Apteronotidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFA3E47AFC1C564E754FFF43" authorityName="D.S.Jordan" authorityYear="1923" box="[938,1075,1836,1856]" family="Apteronotidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Apteronotidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), USNM 373030, 222.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA2E47BFDB051DC74E0F9B5" blockId="67.[487,1459,190,438]" pageId="67">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFDB051DC7269F8D5" bold="true" box="[518,789,190,214]" pageId="67">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA2E47BFDB051DC74E0F9B5" blockId="67.[487,1459,190,438]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFDB051DC7269F8D5" bold="true" box="[518,789,190,214]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFCE451DC7556F8D5" box="[850,1066,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="67">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFCE451DC7556F8D5" box="[850,1066,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFCD8506A7537F923" box="[878,1099,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="67">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFCD8506A7537F923" box="[878,1099,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is equal to its insertion. At the insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFB60504C74CFF945" box="[1238,1459,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="67">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFB60504C74CFF945" box="[1238,1459,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFC8A503172FCF968" box="[828,896,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="67">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFC8A503172FCF968" box="[828,896,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFD07501A7389F993" box="[689,757,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="67">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFD07501A7389F993" box="[689,757,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFC8D501A756AF993" box="[827,1046,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="67">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFC8D501A756AF993" box="[827,1046,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a mesial arrangement where the anterior margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFD5E50FC72F8F9B5" box="[744,900,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="67">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA2E47BFD5E50FC72F8F9B5" box="[744,900,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
exceeds the anterodorsal margin of this muscle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,116 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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|
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="333FB40902E2E653B4EB15D67A16374B">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="519F84BFD74780078D917A375F77DC45" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F0FDB8BFAD069F8FC29C7AC989E67A42" type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:classification id="F5456CF382ED80B6B9F13358F106F674">journal article</mods:classification>
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||||
<mods:identifier id="003BB27AEB76475516E0A3D212EE8DD4" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="C78B2CB5174671C63DBBC8567D4AEF80" type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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|
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<treatment id="03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12719992" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12719992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6" pageId="33">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC0E419FD6F53C1755FFB98" pageId="33" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FD6F53C175BDFAB8" blockId="33.[729,1217,675,699]" box="[729,1217,675,699]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFC0E419FD6F53C175BDFAB8" box="[729,1217,675,699]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC0E419FD6F53C175BDFAB8" ID-CoL="5SGH" authority="Fernandez-Yepez, 1968" authorityName="Fernandez-Yepez" authorityYear="1968" box="[729,1217,675,699]" family="Hypopomidae" genus="Microsternarchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FD6F53C172D2FAB8" bold="true" box="[729,942,675,699]" pageId="33">Microsternarchus</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12719992" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12719992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC0E419FD6F53C1756DFEF6" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC0E419FD6F53C1755FFB98" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FD6F53C175BDFAB8" blockId="33.[729,1217,675,699]" box="[729,1217,675,699]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFC0E419FD6F53C175BDFAB8" box="[729,1217,675,699]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC0E419FD6F53C175BDFAB8" ID-CoL="5SGH" authority="Fernandez-Yepez, 1968" authorityName="Fernandez-Yepez" authorityYear="1968" box="[729,1217,675,699]" family="Hypopomidae" genus="Microsternarchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FD6F53C172D2FAB8" bold="true" box="[729,942,675,699]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Microsternarchus</emphasis>
|
||||
Fernández-Yépez, 1968
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB0538C755FFB98" blockId="33.[486,1460,750,1408]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDB0538C7265FB05" bold="true" box="[518,793,750,774]" pageId="33">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB0538C755FFB98" blockId="33.[486,1460,750,1408]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDB0538C7265FB05" bold="true" box="[518,793,750,774]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCEF538C72D9FB05" box="[857,933,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCEF538C72D9FB05" box="[857,933,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
originates from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula and preopercle. Its insertion occurs on the posteromedial portion of the antorbital bone by a fibrous attachment. Its mesialmost fibers converge onto a small endomaxillary ligament, less than one-third the length of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB19523C7587FB75" box="[1199,1275,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB19523C7587FB75" box="[1199,1275,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
which, in turn, inserts on the posteromedial portion of the maxilla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC0E419FDB052CA756DFEF6" pageId="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB052CA7317FD13" blockId="33.[486,1460,750,1408]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC0E419FDB052CA756DFEF6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB052CA7317FD13" blockId="33.[486,1460,750,1408]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FD8C52CA7302FBC3" box="[570,638,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="33">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FD8C52CA7302FBC3" box="[570,638,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the preopercle, quadrate and hyomandibula. The lateralmost fibers of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDFE52AC73F0FBE5" box="[584,652,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="33">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDFE52AC73F0FBE5" box="[584,652,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
surpass the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa and reach the mid-portion of the preopercle. That subsection inserts mainly on the coronoid process, but with some lateral fibers on the anguloarticular and buccopalatal membrane. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FADE557A74CEFC33" box="[1384,1458,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FADE557A74CEFC33" box="[1384,1458,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the hyomandibula, sphenotic, pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, sympletic and metapterygoid. Anteriorly, the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCF4550172F0FC78" box="[834,908,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCF4550172F0FC78" box="[834,908,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
differentiates into an intersegmental aponeurosis, dorsally entering the mandibular tendon and ventrally the meckelian tendon, inserting onto the coronomeckelian bone. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC2155CC729DFCC5" box="[919,993,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC2155CC729DFCC5" box="[919,993,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located laterally in relation to the basal region of the endopterygoid and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCD855B1751CFCE8" box="[878,1120,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="33">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCD855B1751CFCE8" box="[878,1120,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, overlapping those structures completely.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB0547C74E7FD83" blockId="33.[486,1460,750,1408]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB0547C74E7FD83" blockId="33.[486,1460,750,1408]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FD8C547D7247FD35" box="[570,827,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="33">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FD8C547D7247FD35" box="[570,827,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage and contacts it by slightly more than a half of the cartilage’s extension. The path of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB5354267328FD83" italics="true" pageId="33">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB5354267328FD83" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is mesial to all sections of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC5D540A75BFFD83" box="[1003,1219,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="33">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC5D540A75BFFD83" box="[1003,1219,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB67540B74E9FD83" box="[1233,1429,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="33">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB67540B74E9FD83" box="[1233,1429,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB054D1756DFEF6" blockId="33.[486,1459,1459,1782]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDB054D17269FDC8" bold="true" box="[518,789,1459,1483]" pageId="33">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB054D1756DFEF6" blockId="33.[486,1459,1459,1782]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDB054D17269FDC8" bold="true" box="[518,789,1459,1483]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCE454D17556FDC8" box="[850,1066,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCE454D17556FDC8" box="[850,1066,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC2B549C7507FE15" box="[925,1147,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC2B549C7507FE15" box="[925,1147,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is wider than its insertion, approximately one and a half of its insertion (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC0E419FC6D57417557FE38" box="[987,1067,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="40.[136,209,1014,1034]" captionTargetBox="[223,1373,171,990]" captionTargetId="figure-223@40.[223,1373,171,991]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 19 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Rhabdolichops eastwardi (Sternopygidae), MZUSP 81178, 188.3 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="33">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC0E419FC6D57417557FE38" box="[987,1067,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="40.[136,209,1014,1034]" captionTargetBox="[223,1373,171,990]" captionTargetId="figure-223@40.[223,1373,171,991]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 19 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Rhabdolichops eastwardi (Sternopygidae), MZUSP 81178, 188.3 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332603/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
). At the insertion, the anterolateral, posterolateral and anteromesial fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB8A572A7466FE63" box="[1084,1306,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB8A572A7466FE63" box="[1084,1306,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDA4570C7322FE85" box="[530,606,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDA4570C7322FE85" box="[530,606,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its posteromesial bundles are medial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB39570C75A7FE85" box="[1167,1243,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB39570C75A7FE85" box="[1167,1243,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
. The posterodorsal fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDCA57F17226FEA8" box="[636,858,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDCA57F17226FEA8" box="[636,858,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are parallel to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB8157F17596FEA8" box="[1079,1258,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="33">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB8157F17596FEA8" box="[1079,1258,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, with no overlap between the two muscles. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC8957DB7541FED3" box="[831,1085,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="33">truncus hyomandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC8957DB7541FED3" box="[831,1085,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">truncus hyomandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve run through the lateral and mesial bundle of fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC8457BC7576FEF5" box="[818,1034,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC8457BC7576FEF5" box="[818,1034,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,120 +1,125 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="F3A866B5D0B192F5E70A5479C2586A31">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="4AA29396DF814BE53C2D29346DC7DDFA">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="00AE7B50AFFF938BDA37459DF552260B">e 210009</mods:title>
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<mods:classification id="92593275C01840813B491075E71DE530">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6AF280C3E5D356D5A983B91657F01CFE" type="Zenodo-Dep">13332563</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12719988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12719988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73" lastPageId="33" pageId="32">
|
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC1E418FCF1559B7507FE86" pageId="32" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC1E418FCF1559B7528FD13" blockId="32.[839,1108,1272,1297]" box="[839,1108,1272,1297]" pageId="32">
|
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<heading id="D089564EFFC1E418FCF1559B7528FD13" box="[839,1108,1272,1297]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="32" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC1E418FCF1559B7528FD13" ID-CoL="52V6" authority="Gill, 1864" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1864" box="[839,1108,1272,1297]" family="Hypopomidae" genus="Hypopomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FCF1559B72A1FD12" bold="true" box="[839,989,1273,1297]" pageId="32">Hypopomus</emphasis>
|
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<treatment id="03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12719988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12719988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC1E419FCF1559B74DEFA73" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC1E418FCF1559B7507FE86" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC1E418FCF1559B7528FD13" blockId="32.[839,1108,1272,1297]" box="[839,1108,1272,1297]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFC1E418FCF1559B7528FD13" box="[839,1108,1272,1297]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC1E418FCF1559B7528FD13" ID-CoL="52V6" authority="Gill, 1864" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1864" box="[839,1108,1272,1297]" family="Hypopomidae" genus="Hypopomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FCF1559B72A1FD12" bold="true" box="[839,989,1273,1297]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hypopomus</emphasis>
|
||||
Gill, 1864
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC1E418FDB054217507FE86" blockId="32.[485,1461,1347,1894]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FDB054217265FD58" bold="true" box="[518,793,1347,1371]" pageId="32">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC1E418FDB054217507FE86" blockId="32.[485,1461,1347,1894]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FDB054217265FD58" bold="true" box="[518,793,1347,1371]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FCEF542172D9FD58" box="[857,933,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="32">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FCEF542172D9FD58" box="[857,933,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
originates from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula and preopercle. Its insertion occurs on the posteromedial portion of the antorbital bone by a fibrous attachment, with its mesialmost fibers converging onto a small endomaxillary ligament, less than one-third the length of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FB4654D17440FDC8" box="[1264,1340,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="32">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FB4654D17440FDC8" box="[1264,1340,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
which, in turn, inserts on the posteromedial portion of the maxilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC1E418FBDD54BA75D3FDF2" box="[1131,1199,1496,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[231,1363,171,844]" captionTargetId="figure-21@13.[231,1364,171,845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Mesial view of adductor mandibulae of Hypopomus artedi (Hypopomidae), USNM 408442, 202. 7 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." pageId="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC1E418FBDD54BA75D3FDF2" box="[1131,1199,1496,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[231,1363,171,844]" captionTargetId="figure-21@13.[231,1364,171,845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Mesial view of adductor mandibulae of Hypopomus artedi (Hypopomidae), USNM 408442, 202. 7 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332571/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FB4C54BA7442FDF3" box="[1274,1342,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="32">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FB4C54BA7442FDF3" box="[1274,1342,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the preopercle, sympletic, quadrate, and hyomandibula. The lateralmost fibers of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FE5E57417350FE38" box="[488,556,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="32">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FE5E57417350FE38" box="[488,556,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
surpass the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa and reach the mid-portion of the preopercle; with the posterodorsal fibers almost reaching the posterior margin of that bone. That subsection inserts on the coronoid process.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC1E419FDB057F174DEFA73" lastPageId="33" pageId="32" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC1E418FDB057F175D9FF65" blockId="32.[485,1461,1347,1894]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC1E419FDB057F174DEFA73" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC1E418FDB057F175D9FF65" blockId="32.[485,1461,1347,1894]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FD8957F173F5FEA8" box="[575,649,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="32">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FD8957F173F5FEA8" box="[575,649,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the sphenotic, pterosphenoid, metapterygoid and anterior margin of the hyomandibula. Towards its insertion, the fibers of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FB1657DA7596FED3" box="[1184,1258,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="32">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FB1657DA7596FED3" box="[1184,1258,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
differentiates into an intersegmental aponeurosis, dorsally entering the mandibular tendon and ventrally the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts onto the coronomeckelian bone (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC1E418FAD5566174D4FF18" box="[1379,1448,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[231,1363,171,844]" captionTargetId="figure-21@13.[231,1364,171,845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Mesial view of adductor mandibulae of Hypopomus artedi (Hypopomidae), USNM 408442, 202. 7 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." pageId="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC1E418FAD5566174D4FF18" box="[1379,1448,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[136,209,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[231,1363,171,844]" captionTargetId="figure-21@13.[231,1364,171,845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Mesial view of adductor mandibulae of Hypopomus artedi (Hypopomidae), USNM 408442, 202. 7 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332571/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FDA8564A7314FF43" box="[542,616,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="32">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FDA8564A7314FF43" box="[542,616,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located laterally in relation to the basal region of the endopterygoid and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FE5E562C73AFFF65" box="[488,723,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="32">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC1E418FE5E562C73AFFF65" box="[488,723,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, overlapping those structures completely.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB051DC74CFF923" blockId="33.[488,1459,190,288]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB051DC74CFF923" blockId="33.[488,1459,190,288]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDF251DD7233F8D5" box="[580,847,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="33">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDF251DD7233F8D5" box="[580,847,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage and does not contact directly the dorsal margin of Meckel’s cartilage. The path of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FAC55186739EF923" italics="true" pageId="33">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FAC55186739EF923" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC79506A756FF923" box="[975,1043,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC79506A756FF923" box="[975,1043,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FBFE506A75EEF923" box="[1096,1170,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FBFE506A75EEF923" box="[1096,1170,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FAE8506A74D6F923" box="[1374,1450,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FAE8506A74D6F923" box="[1374,1450,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB0503174DEFA73" blockId="33.[486,1459,339,624]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDB050317258F968" bold="true" box="[518,804,339,363]" pageId="33">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC0E419FDB0503174DEFA73" blockId="33.[486,1459,339,624]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FDB050317258F968" bold="true" box="[518,804,339,363]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCC650317524F968" box="[880,1112,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FCC650317524F968" box="[880,1112,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC0E419FD80501A73F5F993" box="[566,649,376,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[136,209,1126,1146]" captionTargetBox="[136,1458,171,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-205@34.[136,1459,171,1078]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Hypopomus artedi (Hypopomidae), USNM 408442, 202. 7 mm LEA. A= anterolateral fibers of the levator arcus palatini; P= posterolateral fibers of the levator arcus palatini. Remaining anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="33">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC0E419FD80501A73F5F993" box="[566,649,376,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[136,209,1126,1146]" captionTargetBox="[136,1458,171,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-205@34.[136,1459,171,1078]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Hypopomus artedi (Hypopomidae), USNM 408442, 202. 7 mm LEA. A= anterolateral fibers of the levator arcus palatini; P= posterolateral fibers of the levator arcus palatini. Remaining anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332597/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
), originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB9E50FC7582F9B5" box="[1064,1278,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB9E50FC7582F9B5" box="[1064,1278,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is wider than its insertion, approximately one and a half of its insertion. At the insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC1D508A75F7FA03" box="[939,1163,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FC1D508A75F7FA03" box="[939,1163,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FAD6508A74D0FA03" box="[1376,1452,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FAD6508A74D0FA03" box="[1376,1452,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB5B536C7445FA25" box="[1261,1337,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="33">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB5B536C7445FA25" box="[1261,1337,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
. Only the dorsalmost fibers of the posterior portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FBA753517591FA48" box="[1041,1261,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FBA753517591FA48" box="[1041,1261,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FE5C533A73E6FA73" box="[490,666,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="33">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FE5C533A73E6FA73" box="[490,666,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, but without reaching the median portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB75533A74E7FA73" box="[1219,1435,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="33">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC0E419FB75533A74E7FA73" box="[1219,1435,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,125 +1,130 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC4E41DFCB2504C75EBF945" ID-CoL="4RWT" authority="Ellis, 1912" authorityName="Ellis" authorityYear="1912" box="[772,1175,302,326]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Gymnorhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCB2504C7560F945" bold="true" box="[772,1052,302,326]" pageId="37">Gymnorhamphichthys</emphasis>
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<heading id="D089564EFFC4E41DFCB2504C75EBF945" box="[772,1175,302,326]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC4E41DFCB2504C75EBF945" ID-CoL="4RWT" authority="Ellis, 1912" authorityName="Ellis" authorityYear="1912" box="[772,1175,302,326]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Gymnorhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCB2504C7560F945" bold="true" box="[772,1052,302,326]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Gymnorhamphichthys</emphasis>
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Ellis, 1912
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB0501A7381FA95" blockId="37.[486,1460,376,1110]" pageId="37">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDB0501A7262F993" bold="true" box="[518,798,376,400]" pageId="37">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDB0501A7262F993" bold="true" box="[518,798,376,400]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
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The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCD2501A72CDF993" box="[868,945,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCD2501A72CDF993" box="[868,945,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
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||||
is fully differentiated from the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFA98501A74CFF993" box="[1326,1459,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="37">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFA98501A74CFF993" box="[1326,1459,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and is positioned dorsolaterally to the dorsal portion of the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFA8C50FC7403F9B5" box="[1338,1407,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="37">rictalis</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFA8C50FC7403F9B5" box="[1338,1407,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and the lateroventrally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCB950A17226F9D8" box="[783,858,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="37">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCB950A17226F9D8" box="[783,858,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFCDB50A172CFF9D8" box="[877,947,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[136,209,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,1032,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[136,1462,1029,1370]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFCDB50A172CFF9D8" box="[877,947,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[136,209,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,1032,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[136,1462,1029,1370]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332573/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
; Peixoto, Ohara, 2019: fig. 12). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFAD050A174CFF9D8" box="[1382,1459,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFAD050A174CFF9D8" box="[1382,1459,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
has a pectinated form, originating from the mid-portion of the hyomandibula and preopercle; and converges anteriorly onto an elongated endomaxillary ligament, equivalent to twice the width of the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB3A535175A5FA48" box="[1164,1241,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB3A535175A5FA48" box="[1164,1241,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, and inserts on the posteromedial portion of the antorbital and maxilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFBF3533A75F7FA73" box="[1093,1163,600,624]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[136,209,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,1032,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[136,1462,1029,1370]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFBF3533A75F7FA73" box="[1093,1163,600,624]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[136,209,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,1032,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[136,1462,1029,1370]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332573/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with some fibers on the buccopalatal membrane.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC4E41DFDB053C1739CFD82" pageId="37" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB053C1744EFC56" blockId="37.[486,1460,376,1110]" pageId="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC4E41DFDB053C1739CFD82" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB053C1744EFC56" blockId="37.[486,1460,376,1110]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDF753C173B8FAB8" box="[577,708,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="37">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDF753C173B8FAB8" box="[577,708,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFC2253C1729CFAB8" box="[916,992,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFC2253C1729CFAB8" box="[916,992,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, and originates from the parasphenoid, pterosphenoid, metapterygoid, preopercle, quadrate, sympletic and hyomandibula, with its fibers restricted to the anterior margin of the preopercle. Towards its insertion, the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDA45271732AFB28" box="[530,598,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="37">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDA45271732AFB28" box="[530,598,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD39527173A5FB28" box="[655,729,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="37">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD39527173A5FB28" box="[655,729,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
become gradually differentiated from each other, with the fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD8E525A7300FB53" box="[568,636,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="37">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD8E525A7300FB53" box="[568,636,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
inserting onto the coronoid process, and the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB2A525A759AFB53" box="[1180,1254,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="37">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB2A525A759AFB53" box="[1180,1254,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converging onto the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts on the coronomeckelian bone. Near the insertion, a few fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFC9E52E172D7FB98" box="[808,939,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="37">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFC9E52E172D7FB98" box="[808,939,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
have a weak association with the buccopalatal membrane and posterior margin of the anguloarticular. The bundles of fibers corresponding to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCD352AC72D3FBE5" box="[869,943,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="37">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCD352AC72D3FBE5" box="[869,943,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
are located laterally relative to the basal region of the endopterygoid and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCB052917292FC08" box="[774,1006,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="37">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCB052917292FC08" box="[774,1006,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, overlapping those elements completely. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDAA557B7221FC33" box="[540,861,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="37">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDAA557B7221FC33" box="[540,861,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve runs through the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFBDF557A7590FC33" box="[1129,1260,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="37">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFBDF557A7590FC33" box="[1129,1260,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, located mesial to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD15555C739BFC55" box="[675,743,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="37">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD15555C739BFC55" box="[675,743,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCA8555C7216FC55" box="[798,874,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCA8555C7216FC55" box="[798,874,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
; and laterally to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB57555C7457FC55" box="[1249,1323,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="37">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB57555C7457FC55" box="[1249,1323,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB055EB739CFD82" blockId="37.[487,1459,1160,1409]" pageId="37">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDB055EB7268FCA3" bold="true" box="[518,788,1160,1185]" pageId="37">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB055EB739CFD82" blockId="37.[487,1459,1160,1409]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDB055EB7268FCA3" bold="true" box="[518,788,1160,1185]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCF955EA755AFCA3" box="[847,1062,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="37">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCF955EA755AFCA3" box="[847,1062,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a trapezoidal shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotics and inserting mainly in the hyomandibula, with posterolateral fibers inserting on the preopercle. The relative size of its origin is half that of its insertion, with all fibers located laterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFAFD559A74EBFD13" box="[1355,1431,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFAFD559A74EBFD13" box="[1355,1431,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
at insertion. Only the dorsalmost fibers of the posterior portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB6D547C74CFFD35" box="[1243,1459,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="37">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB6D547C74CFFD35" box="[1243,1459,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD2854217231FD58" box="[670,845,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="37">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD2854217231FD58" box="[670,845,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, but without reaching the median portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFADA5421730EFD83" italics="true" pageId="37">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFADA5421730EFD83" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFD37540A73AFFD82" box="[641,723,1384,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="39.[136,209,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,171,893]" captionTargetId="figure-75@39.[196,1397,171,894]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 17 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317, 116.3 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="37">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFD37540A73AFFD82" box="[641,723,1384,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="39.[136,209,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,171,893]" captionTargetId="figure-75@39.[196,1397,171,894]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 17 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317, 116.3 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332599/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,116 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="AAEDE4F1E496ECCCDE945761EC220E5E">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:classification id="4B510C383453389941901DEC23F7666B">journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier id="F10C3412061A4B78333FB93DB15113A7" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier id="12CCB6BA6B1683043F9D3035DE980CA5" type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier id="53ECEBA9F5736087BDC562DD46EDC980" type="Zenodo-Dep">13332563</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720002" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98" lastPageId="38" pageId="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC4E41DFC9554D17559FEA8" pageId="37" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFC9554D17504FDC8" blockId="37.[803,1144,1459,1483]" box="[803,1144,1459,1483]" pageId="37">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFC4E41DFC9554D17504FDC8" box="[803,1144,1459,1483]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="37" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC4E41DFC9554D17504FDC8" ID-CoL="62WFM" authority="Hoedeman, 1962" authorityName="Hoedeman" authorityYear="1962" box="[803,1144,1459,1483]" family="Hypopomidae" genus="Hypopygus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFC9554D172CCFDC8" bold="true" box="[803,944,1459,1483]" pageId="37">Hypopygus</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720002" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC4E41EFC9554D172B8FB98" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC4E41DFC9554D17559FEA8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFC9554D17504FDC8" blockId="37.[803,1144,1459,1483]" box="[803,1144,1459,1483]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFC4E41DFC9554D17504FDC8" box="[803,1144,1459,1483]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC4E41DFC9554D17504FDC8" ID-CoL="62WFM" authority="Hoedeman, 1962" authorityName="Hoedeman" authorityYear="1962" box="[803,1144,1459,1483]" family="Hypopomidae" genus="Hypopygus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFC9554D172CCFDC8" bold="true" box="[803,944,1459,1483]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hypopygus</emphasis>
|
||||
Hoedeman, 1962
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB0549C7559FEA8" blockId="37.[486,1460,1534,1894]" pageId="37">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDB0549C7265FE15" bold="true" box="[518,793,1534,1558]" pageId="37">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41DFDB0549C7559FEA8" blockId="37.[486,1460,1534,1894]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFDB0549C7265FE15" bold="true" box="[518,793,1534,1558]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCEF549C72D9FE15" box="[857,933,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCEF549C72D9FE15" box="[857,933,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
originates from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula and preopercle. Its insertion occurs on the posteromedial portion of the antorbital bone, by fibrous attachment, with its mesialmost fibers converging onto a small endomaxillary ligament less than one-third the length of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB5E570C7448FE85" box="[1256,1332,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="37">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFB5E570C7448FE85" box="[1256,1332,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
. The latter inserts on the posteromedial portion of the maxilla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC4E41EFDB057DA72B8FB98" lastPageId="38" pageId="37" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41EFDB057DA74D0F9B5" blockId="37.[486,1460,1534,1894]" lastBlockId="38.[487,1459,190,587]" lastPageId="38" pageId="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC4E41EFDB057DA72B8FB98" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC4E41EFDB057DA74D0F9B5" blockId="37.[486,1460,1534,1894]" lastBlockId="38.[487,1459,190,587]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD8C57DA7302FED3" box="[570,638,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="37">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFD8C57DA7302FED3" box="[570,638,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the preopercle, quadrate and hyomandibula. The lateralmost fibers of the ventral portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCD457BC72DAFEF5" box="[866,934,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="37">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFCD457BC72DAFEF5" box="[866,934,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
surpass the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa and reach the mid-portion of the preopercle while posterodorsal fibers just fall short of the posterior portion of the same bone (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFBF8564A75DDFF42" box="[1102,1185,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[135,208,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[346,1246,171,883]" captionTargetId="figure-47@23.[346,1246,171,884]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Hypopygus lepturus (Hypopomidae), MZUSP 91426, 55.4 mm LEA. Some fibers of the LO, anterior accidentally removed during dissections. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 2 mm." pageId="37">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC4E41DFBF8564A75DDFF42" box="[1102,1185,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[135,208,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[346,1246,171,883]" captionTargetId="figure-47@23.[346,1246,171,884]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Hypopygus lepturus (Hypopomidae), MZUSP 91426, 55.4 mm LEA. Some fibers of the LO, anterior accidentally removed during dissections. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332587/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
); and with its insertion occurring solely on the coronoid process. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFBB3562C7533FF65" box="[1029,1103,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="37">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC4E41DFBB3562C7533FF65" box="[1029,1103,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the hyomandibula, sphenotic, pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, sympletic and metapterygoid. Anteriorly, the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFE5F5181734FF8F8" box="[489,563,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFE5F5181734FF8F8" box="[489,563,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
differentiates into a poorly differentiated intersegmental aponeurosis, dorsally entering the mandibular tendon and ventrally the meckelian tendon, inserting onto the coronomeckelian bone. Towards the insertion, some lateral fibers are associated with the buccopalatal membrane, which is poorly differentiated from surrounding connective tissues. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD40501A723CF993" box="[758,832,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD40501A723CF993" box="[758,832,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located laterally in relation to the proximal region of the endopterygoid and the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCAF50FC7578F9B5" box="[793,1028,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="38">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCAF50FC7578F9B5" box="[793,1028,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, overlaps those structures completely.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFDB050A17522FA48" blockId="38.[487,1459,190,587]" pageId="38">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFDB050A17522FA48" blockId="38.[487,1459,190,587]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDF450A67230F9D8" box="[578,844,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="38">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDF450A67230F9D8" box="[578,844,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to coronomeckelian bone, with minimum (n = 3) or no (n = 1) contact with Meckel’s cartilage, extending for
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFAF7508B742AFA03" box="[1345,1366,489,512]" italics="true" pageId="38">ca</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFAF7508B742AFA03" box="[1345,1366,489,512]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ca</emphasis>
|
||||
. 20% of the dorsal portion of that cartilage. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC1E536D7597FA25" box="[936,1259,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="38">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC1E536D7597FA25" box="[936,1259,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is mesial to all sections of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD195351752BFA48" box="[687,1111,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="38">adductor mandibulae, segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD195351752BFA48" box="[687,1111,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">adductor mandibulae, segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFDB0531C72B8FB98" blockId="38.[487,1459,638,923]" pageId="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDB0531C725EFA95" bold="true" box="[518,802,638,662]" pageId="38">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFDB0531C72B8FB98" blockId="38.[487,1459,638,923]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDB0531C725EFA95" bold="true" box="[518,802,638,662]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCDA531C752EFA95" box="[876,1106,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCDA531C752EFA95" box="[876,1106,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly conical shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCEA53AA754FFAE3" box="[860,1075,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCEA53AA754FFAE3" box="[860,1075,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is approximately half as wide as its insertion (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC7E41EFDEF538C73D6FB05" box="[601,682,750,774]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[135,208,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[346,1246,171,883]" captionTargetId="figure-47@23.[346,1246,171,884]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Hypopygus lepturus (Hypopomidae), MZUSP 91426, 55.4 mm LEA. Some fibers of the LO, anterior accidentally removed during dissections. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 2 mm." pageId="38">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC7E41EFDEF538C73D6FB05" box="[601,682,750,774]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[135,208,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[346,1246,171,883]" captionTargetId="figure-47@23.[346,1246,171,884]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Hypopygus lepturus (Hypopomidae), MZUSP 91426, 55.4 mm LEA. Some fibers of the LO, anterior accidentally removed during dissections. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332587/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
). At insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFE51527173BFFB28" box="[487,707,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFE51527173BFFB28" box="[487,707,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC26527172A0FB28" box="[912,988,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC26527172A0FB28" box="[912,988,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCA2525A721CFB53" box="[788,864,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCA2525A721CFB53" box="[788,864,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
. Only the dorsalmost fibers of the posterior portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD84523C7271FB75" box="[562,781,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD84523C7271FB75" box="[562,781,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC61523C75F4FB75" box="[983,1160,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="38">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC61523C75F4FB75" box="[983,1160,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, but without reaching the median portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD5352E172C1FB98" box="[741,957,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="38">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD5352E172C1FB98" box="[741,957,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,169 +1,174 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="F9C99DD460CB4BC377A137595B2A8FF8">
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<mods:title id="BC8D3838D0971B461F29FA1163F62F8A">Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720008" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38" lastPageId="40" pageId="38">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC7E41EFD6852AC75C1FBE5" ID-CoL="78CL" authority="Muller & Troschel, 1846" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1846" box="[734,1213,974,998]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Rhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD6852AC72DDFBE5" bold="true" box="[734,929,974,998]" pageId="38">Rhamphichthys</emphasis>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720008" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFC7E410FD6852AC74F8FE38" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC7E41EFD6852AC720EFDA5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFD6852AC75C1FBE5" blockId="38.[734,1213,974,998]" box="[734,1213,974,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="D089564EFFC7E41EFD6852AC75C1FBE5" box="[734,1213,974,998]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="2">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC7E41EFD6852AC75C1FBE5" ID-CoL="78CL" authority="Muller & Troschel, 1846" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1846" box="[734,1213,974,998]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Rhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD6852AC72DDFBE5" bold="true" box="[734,929,974,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Rhamphichthys</emphasis>
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Müller & Troschel, 1846
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFDB0557A720EFDA5" blockId="38.[487,1460,1048,1894]" pageId="38">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDB0557A725FFC33" bold="true" box="[518,803,1048,1072]" pageId="38">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E41EFDB0557A720EFDA5" blockId="38.[487,1460,1048,1894]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDB0557A725FFC33" bold="true" box="[518,803,1048,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCC1557A72BFFC33" box="[887,963,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCC1557A72BFFC33" box="[887,963,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
is fully differentiated from
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFA86557A74CFFC33" box="[1328,1459,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFA86557A74CFFC33" box="[1328,1459,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and is positioned dorsolaterally to the dorsal portion of the presumably
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFA8C555C7402FC55" box="[1338,1406,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFA8C555C7402FC55" box="[1338,1406,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and the lateroventrally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCAA5501721AFC78" box="[796,870,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFCAA5501721AFC78" box="[796,870,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
. This muscle arises from the mid-portion of the hyomandibula. The dorsalmost fibers differentiate into an elongated endomaxillary ligament, equal in length to the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFBDE55CC75C8FCC5" box="[1128,1204,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFBDE55CC75C8FCC5" box="[1128,1204,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, which inserts on the posteromedial portion of the antorbital and the maxilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC7E41EFBEF55B175E0FCE8" box="[1113,1180,1235,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[136,209,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,1032,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[136,1462,1029,1370]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="38">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC7E41EFBEF55B175E0FCE8" box="[1113,1180,1235,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[136,209,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,1032,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[136,1462,1029,1370]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars malaris of Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 56317. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332573/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with some lateral fibers associated with the buccopalatal membrane. The ventral fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB41559A743FFD13" box="[1271,1347,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB41559A743FFD13" box="[1271,1347,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
converge onto the accessory endomaxillary ligament, which inserts solely on the posteromedial face of the antorbital. There are many ossified tendons in the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFE5E540A7348FD83" box="[488,564,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFE5E540A7348FD83" box="[488,564,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, resulting in several intermuscular bones that are coopted towards its insertion site (Peixoto, Ohara, 2019: fig. 12).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC7E410FDB054D174F8FE38" lastPageId="40" pageId="38" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E410FDB054D1720DFCE8" blockId="38.[487,1460,1048,1894]" lastBlockId="40.[488,1459,1160,1259]" lastPageId="40" pageId="38">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFC7E410FDB054D174F8FE38" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC7E410FDB054D1720DFCE8" blockId="38.[487,1460,1048,1894]" lastBlockId="40.[488,1459,1160,1259]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDF054D173B5FDC8" box="[582,713,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFDF054D173B5FDC8" box="[582,713,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC0754D17281FDC8" box="[945,1021,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="38">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFC0754D17281FDC8" box="[945,1021,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, and originates from parasphenoid, pterosphenoid, metapterygoid, preopercle, quadrate, sympletic and hyomandibula, with its fibers restricted to the anterior margin of the preopercle. In the region near the origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD1057417255FE38" box="[678,809,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="38">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFD1057417255FE38" box="[678,809,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, both subsections are easily distinguished by the direction of their fibers, with those corresponding to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB23572A75A3FE63" box="[1173,1247,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB23572A75A3FE63" box="[1173,1247,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
being posteriorlyelongated and displaced dorsomedially; and those of the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB47570C7449FE85" box="[1265,1333,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB47570C7449FE85" box="[1265,1333,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
are shorter and located more laterally. At its median portion, the two sections are indistinguishable, becoming slightly differentiated towards the insertion, where fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFA9C57DA7412FED3" box="[1322,1390,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="38">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFA9C57DA7412FED3" box="[1322,1390,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
insert onto the coronoid process via an elongated ligament, and those of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB4F57BC743FFEF5" box="[1273,1347,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB4F57BC743FFEF5" box="[1273,1347,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converge into the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts onto the coronomeckelian bone. The bundles of fibers corresponding to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB99564A7505FF43" box="[1071,1145,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="38">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB99564A7505FF43" box="[1071,1145,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
are located laterally relative to the basal region of the endopterygoid and of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB8D562C7456FF65" box="[1083,1322,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="38">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC7E41EFB8D562C7456FF65" box="[1083,1322,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, completely overlapping those structures (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC9E410FC8B55EA72EEFCA2" box="[829,914,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="39.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1113,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-20@39.[196,1398,1113,1812]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 18 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Rhamphichthys hahni (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 24736, 479.5 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 20 mm." pageId="40">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC9E410FC8B55EA72EEFCA2" box="[829,914,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="39.[136,209,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[196,1398,1113,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-20@39.[196,1398,1113,1812]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 18 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Rhamphichthys hahni (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 24736, 479.5 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332601/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FC5555EB7452FCA3" box="[995,1326,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="40">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FC5555EB7452FCA3" box="[995,1326,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve runs through the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FDC855CC727DFCC5" box="[638,769,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="40">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FDC855CC727DFCC5" box="[638,769,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, located mesial to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FB1155CC7597FCC5" box="[1191,1259,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="40">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FB1155CC7597FCC5" box="[1191,1259,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FA9D55CC740BFCC5" box="[1323,1399,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="40">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FA9D55CC740BFCC5" box="[1323,1399,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
; and laterally to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FC9655B17216FCE8" box="[800,874,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="40">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FC9655B17216FCE8" box="[800,874,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFC6E41FFF3E52CE730BFBE6" pageId="39" startId="39.[136,209,940,960]" targetBox="[196,1396,171,893]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC6E41FFF3E52CE730BFBE6" blockId="39.[135,1434,940,997]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFF3E52CE7181FBC3" bold="true" box="[136,253,940,960]" pageId="39">FIGURE 17 |</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFC6E41FFF3E52CE730BFBE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332599" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13332599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332599/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[136,209,940,960]" targetBox="[196,1396,171,893]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC6E41FFF3E52CE730BFBE6" blockId="39.[135,1434,940,997]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFF3E52CE7181FBC3" bold="true" box="[136,253,940,960]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 17 |</emphasis>
|
||||
Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFD2A52CE72BDFBC3" authorityName="Schwassmann" authorityYear="1989" box="[668,961,940,960]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Gymnorhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rosemariae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFD2A52CE72BDFBC3" bold="true" box="[668,961,940,960]" italics="true" pageId="39">Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFD2A52CE72BDFBC3" authorityName="Schwassmann" authorityYear="1989" box="[668,961,940,960]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Gymnorhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rosemariae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFD2A52CE72BDFBC3" bold="true" box="[668,961,940,960]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Gymnorhamphichthys rosemariae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFC7A52CE75FCFBC3" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1911" box="[972,1152,940,960]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhamphichthyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFC7A52CE75FCFBC3" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1911" box="[972,1152,940,960]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhamphichthyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), MZUSP 56317, 116.3 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFC6E41FFF3E564E736AFF66" pageId="39" startId="39.[136,209,1836,1856]" targetBox="[196,1398,1113,1812]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC6E41FFF3E564E736AFF66" blockId="39.[136,1449,1836,1893]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFF3E564E7181FF43" bold="true" box="[136,253,1836,1856]" pageId="39">FIGURE 18 |</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFC6E41FFF3E564E736AFF66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13332601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332601/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[136,209,1836,1856]" targetBox="[196,1398,1113,1812]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC6E41FFF3E564E736AFF66" blockId="39.[136,1449,1836,1893]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFF3E564E7181FF43" bold="true" box="[136,253,1836,1856]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 18 |</emphasis>
|
||||
Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFD16564E7223FF43" baseAuthorityName="Meinken" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[672,863,1836,1856]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Rhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hahni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFD16564E7223FF43" bold="true" box="[672,863,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="39">Rhamphichthys hahni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFD16564E7223FF43" baseAuthorityName="Meinken" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[672,863,1836,1856]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" genus="Rhamphichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hahni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC6E41FFD16564E7223FF43" bold="true" box="[672,863,1836,1856]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Rhamphichthys hahni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFCDD564E755DFF43" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1911" box="[875,1057,1836,1856]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhamphichthyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC6E41FFCDD564E755DFF43" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1911" box="[875,1057,1836,1856]" family="Rhamphichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhamphichthyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), MZUSP 24736, 479.5 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 20 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFC9E410FF3E52947301FC33" pageId="40" startId="40.[136,209,1014,1034]" targetBox="[223,1373,171,990]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC9E410FF3E52947301FC33" blockId="40.[136,1392,1014,1072]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FF3E52947182FC09" bold="true" box="[136,254,1014,1034]" pageId="40">FIGURE 19 |</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="DF01B1AAFFC9E410FF3E52947301FC33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13332603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332603/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[136,209,1014,1034]" targetBox="[223,1373,171,990]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC9E410FF3E52947301FC33" blockId="40.[136,1392,1014,1072]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FF3E52947182FC09" bold="true" box="[136,254,1014,1034]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 19 |</emphasis>
|
||||
Lateral view of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FE2352957332FC08" bold="true" box="[405,590,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="40">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FE2352957332FC08" bold="true" box="[405,590,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FDEF529573BAFC08" bold="true" box="[601,710,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="40">pars malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FDEF529573BAFC08" bold="true" box="[601,710,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">pars malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC9E410FD55529572C7FC08" authorityName="Lundberg & Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1986" box="[739,955,1015,1035]" family="Sternopygidae" genus="Rhabdolichops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eastwardi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FD55529572C7FC08" bold="true" box="[739,955,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="40">Rhabdolichops eastwardi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC9E410FD55529572C7FC08" authorityName="Lundberg & Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1986" box="[739,955,1015,1035]" family="Sternopygidae" genus="Rhabdolichops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eastwardi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FD55529572C7FC08" bold="true" box="[739,955,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Rhabdolichops eastwardi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC9E410FC715295752DFC08" baseAuthorityName="Albert" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[967,1105,1015,1035]" family="Sternopygidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sternopygidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFC9E410FC715295752DFC08" baseAuthorityName="Albert" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[967,1105,1015,1035]" family="Sternopygidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sternopygidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), MZUSP 81178, 188.3 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC9E410FDB0547C74F8FE38" blockId="40.[487,1459,1310,1595]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FDB0547C7268FD35" bold="true" box="[518,788,1310,1334]" pageId="40">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFC9E410FDB0547C74F8FE38" blockId="40.[487,1459,1310,1595]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FDB0547C7268FD35" bold="true" box="[518,788,1310,1334]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FCF9547C755AFD35" box="[847,1062,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="40">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FCF9547C755AFD35" box="[847,1062,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a trapezoidal shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotics, inserting mainly on the hyomandibula, with posterolateral fibers inserting onto the preopercle. The size of its origin is half that of its insertion, with all fibers located laterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FAFE54EC74E8FDA5" box="[1352,1428,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="40">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FAFE54EC74E8FDA5" box="[1352,1428,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
at insertion. Only the dorsalmost fibers of the posterior portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FB6D54D174CFFDC8" box="[1243,1459,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="40">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FB6D54D174CFFDC8" box="[1243,1459,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FD2854BA7231FDF3" box="[670,845,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="40">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FD2854BA7231FDF3" box="[670,845,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, but without reaching the median portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FADA54BA730FFE15" italics="true" pageId="40">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FADA54BA730FFE15" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
. The composition of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FC22549C7511FE15" box="[916,1133,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="40">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFC9E410FC22549C7511FE15" box="[916,1133,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is mainly fibrous, with some ossified tendons forming intermuscular bones at its anteriormost portion (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC9E410FA945741740BFE38" box="[1314,1399,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[136,209,1052,1072]" captionTargetBox="[333,1262,171,992]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[333,1262,171,992]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8 | Rhamphichthys hahni (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 24736, 479.5 mm TL. A. Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars ricto-stegalis; B. Mesial view of levator arcus palatini. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 10 mm; 2 mm." pageId="40">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFC9E410FA945741740BFE38" box="[1314,1399,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[136,209,1052,1072]" captionTargetBox="[333,1262,171,992]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[333,1262,171,992]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8 | Rhamphichthys hahni (Rhamphichthyidae), MZUSP 24736, 479.5 mm TL. A. Lateral view of adductor mandibulae, pars ricto-stegalis; B. Mesial view of levator arcus palatini. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 10 mm; 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332581/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,97 +1,102 @@
|
|||
<document id="1F5CD2203CEEB1A306925C06E508A577" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1720669084001" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Peixoto, Luiz Antônio Wanderley & de Pinna, Mário" docDate="2022" docId="03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.20.1.e210009.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (e 210009) 20 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.3:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Distocyclus Mago-Leccia 1978" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" masterDocId="FFEE284CFFE1E438FFB65162717CF803" masterDocTitle="Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy" updateTime="1720680001096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="DDF17D5864CAF4D664630AF06EAFB677" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0845D2EF3368C6EF60C2749D6249C106">
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<mods:title id="8D3A99FA88D8F71E3F1D1ECBD99187F4">Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy</mods:title>
|
||||
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<mods:title id="E7E7F1937654A27ECB3A4599B2E4D977">Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FEC4DA6E7323091034066950EE14A3D3">Peixoto, Luiz Antônio Wanderley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD30766771D02CB39F44210572D82877">de Pinna, Mário</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720018" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" pageId="45">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFCCE415FCA0523C73BAFCC5" pageId="45" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFCCE415FCA0523C75F8FB75" ID-CoL="472K" authority="Mago-Leccia, 1978" authorityName="Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1978" box="[790,1156,862,886]" family="Sternopygidae" genus="Distocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FCA0523C72DEFB75" bold="true" box="[790,930,862,886]" pageId="45">Distocyclus</emphasis>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720018" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFCCE415FCA0523C745CFE85" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFCCE415FCA0523C73BAFCC5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FCA0523C75F8FB75" blockId="45.[790,1156,862,886]" box="[790,1156,862,886]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D089564EFFCCE415FCA0523C75F8FB75" box="[790,1156,862,886]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFCCE415FCA0523C75F8FB75" ID-CoL="472K" authority="Mago-Leccia, 1978" authorityName="Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1978" box="[790,1156,862,886]" family="Sternopygidae" genus="Distocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FCA0523C72DEFB75" bold="true" box="[790,930,862,886]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distocyclus</emphasis>
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Mago-Leccia, 1978
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FDB052CA73BAFCC5" blockId="45.[487,1460,936,1408]" pageId="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FDB052CA726AFBC3" bold="true" box="[518,790,936,960]" pageId="45">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FDB052CA73BAFCC5" blockId="45.[487,1460,936,1408]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FDB052CA726AFBC3" bold="true" box="[518,790,936,960]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FCE752CA72E9FBC3" box="[849,917,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="45">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FCE752CA72E9FBC3" box="[849,917,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the preopercle, sympletic, quadrate and hyomandibula. The lateralmost fibers of the ventral portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FAE652AC74E8FBE5" box="[1360,1428,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="45">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FAE652AC74E8FBE5" box="[1360,1428,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is restricted to the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa. That section inserts solely on the coronoid process, with some lateralmost fibers associated with the buccopalatal membrane and transverse ligament. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FC50555C754CFC55" box="[998,1072,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="45">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FC50555C754CFC55" box="[998,1072,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the hyomandibula, metapterygoid, and quadrate; and converges into the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts on the coronomeckelian bone, with some anterodorsal fibers converging to the mandibular tendon.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFCCE415FDB055B1745CFE85" pageId="45" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FDB055B17207FD83" blockId="45.[487,1460,936,1408]" pageId="45">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFCCE415FDB055B1745CFE85" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FDB055B17207FD83" blockId="45.[487,1460,936,1408]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FD8A55B67243FCE8" box="[572,831,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="45">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FD8A55B67243FCE8" box="[572,831,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the mandibular tendon, enters the mandible mesially and inserts on the anguloarticular and dentary. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FB2E559B74E7FD13" box="[1176,1435,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="45">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FB2E559B74E7FD13" box="[1176,1435,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 40% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The course of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FC9154267510FD58" box="[807,1132,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="45">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FC9154267510FD58" box="[807,1132,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FADC542174C8FD58" box="[1386,1460,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="45">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FADC542174C8FD58" box="[1386,1460,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FD1A540A738CFD83" box="[684,752,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="45">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FD1A540A738CFD83" box="[684,752,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FC9E540A7208FD83" box="[808,884,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="45">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FC9E540A7208FD83" box="[808,884,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FDB054D1745CFE85" blockId="45.[488,1459,1459,1670]" pageId="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FDB054D1726AFDC8" bold="true" box="[518,790,1459,1483]" pageId="45">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCCE415FDB054D1745CFE85" blockId="45.[488,1459,1459,1670]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FDB054D1726AFDC8" bold="true" box="[518,790,1459,1483]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FCE254D17551FDC8" box="[852,1069,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="45">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FCE254D17551FDC8" box="[852,1069,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a triangular shape, originating from the sphenotic and inserting in the hyomandibula (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFCCE415FB3454BA75A5FDF2" box="[1154,1241,1496,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="46.[488,561,865,885]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,171,806]" captionTargetId="figure-335@46.[488,1459,171,806]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 21 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Distocyclus conirostris (Sternopygidae), MZUSP 23316, 242.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." pageId="45">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFCCE415FB3454BA75A5FDF2" box="[1154,1241,1496,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="46.[488,561,865,885]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,171,806]" captionTargetId="figure-335@46.[488,1459,171,806]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 21 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Distocyclus conirostris (Sternopygidae), MZUSP 23316, 242.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332607/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The relative size of origin is equal to a half of its insertion. At the insertion point, the anterolateral, anteromesial and posterolateral fibers are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FBFC574175EAFE38" box="[1098,1174,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="45">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FBFC574175EAFE38" box="[1098,1174,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
; while and posteromesial fibers are mesial to the latter. The posterodorsal fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FB1C572A74F4FE63" box="[1194,1416,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="45">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FB1C572A74F4FE63" box="[1194,1416,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are parallel to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FD30570C724AFE85" box="[646,822,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="45">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCCE415FD30570C724AFE85" box="[646,822,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, with no overlap between the two muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,105 +1,110 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFCEE417FD41535175D8FA48" ID-CoL="56CH" ID-ENA="2595000" authority="Meunier, Jegu & Keith, 2011" authorityName="Meunier, Jegu & Keith" authorityYear="2011" box="[759,1188,563,587]" family="Sternopygidae" genus="Japigny" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD415351722AFA48" bold="true" box="[759,854,563,587]" pageId="47">Japigny</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FD41535175D8FA48" blockId="47.[759,1188,563,587]" box="[759,1188,563,587]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D089564EFFCEE417FD41535175D8FA48" box="[759,1188,563,587]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFCEE417FD41535175D8FA48" ID-CoL="56CH" ID-ENA="2595000" authority="Meunier, Jegu & Keith, 2011" authorityName="Meunier, Jegu & Keith" authorityYear="2011" box="[759,1188,563,587]" family="Sternopygidae" genus="Japigny" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD415351722AFA48" bold="true" box="[759,854,563,587]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Japigny</emphasis>
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Meunier, Jégu & Keith, 2011
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FDB0531C7295FBC3" blockId="47.[485,1459,638,1147]" pageId="47">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FDB0531C7261FA95" bold="true" box="[518,797,638,662]" pageId="47">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FDB0531C7295FBC3" blockId="47.[485,1459,638,1147]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FDB0531C7261FA95" bold="true" box="[518,797,638,662]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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The
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FCD2531C72D4FA95" box="[868,936,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="47">rictalis</emphasis>
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||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FCD2531C72D4FA95" box="[868,936,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">rictalis</emphasis>
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||||
originates in the preopercle, sympletic, and hyomandibula. The lateralmost fibers of the ventral portion of the
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FB7A53C1746CFAB8" box="[1228,1296,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="47">rictalis</emphasis>
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||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FB7A53C1746CFAB8" box="[1228,1296,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">rictalis</emphasis>
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||||
is restricted to the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa. That section inserts solely on the coronoid process, with some lateralmost fibers associated with the buccopalatal membrane. The
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FE5F5271734FFB28" box="[489,563,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="47">stegalis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FE5F5271734FFB28" box="[489,563,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">stegalis</emphasis>
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||||
arises from the hyomandibula, pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, metapterygoid, and sympletic; and converges into the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts on the coronomeckelian bone, with some anterodorsal fibers converging to the mandibular tendon. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3352E173B3FB98" box="[645,719,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="47">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3352E173B3FB98" box="[645,719,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">stegalis</emphasis>
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||||
overlaps only the posterior portion of the basal region of the endopterygoid not overlapping it completely.
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFCEE417FDB052AC7215FDA6" pageId="47" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FDB052AC739CFC78" blockId="47.[485,1459,638,1147]" pageId="47">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFCEE417FDB052AC7215FDA6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FDB052AC739CFC78" blockId="47.[485,1459,638,1147]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD8A52AD7243FBE5" box="[572,831,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="47">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD8A52AD7243FBE5" box="[572,831,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
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||||
arises from the mandibular tendon, enters the mandible mesially and inserts on the anguloarticular. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC5B52967590FC08" box="[1005,1260,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="47">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC5B52967590FC08" box="[1005,1260,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 60% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The course of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD33555D72B7FC55" box="[645,971,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="47">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
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||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD33555D72B7FC55" box="[645,971,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FB7D555C7469FC55" box="[1227,1301,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="47">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FB7D555C7469FC55" box="[1227,1301,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">stegalis</emphasis>
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||||
and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FDA45501732AFC78" box="[530,598,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="47">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FDA45501732AFC78" box="[530,598,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3B550173A5FC78" box="[653,729,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="47">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3B550173A5FC78" box="[653,729,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FDB055CC7215FDA6" blockId="47.[488,1459,1198,1446]" pageId="47">
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||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FDB055CC7269FCC5" bold="true" box="[518,789,1198,1222]" pageId="47">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFCEE417FDB055CC7215FDA6" blockId="47.[488,1459,1198,1446]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FDB055CC7269FCC5" bold="true" box="[518,789,1198,1222]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
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||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FCE455CC7556FCC5" box="[850,1066,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="47">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FCE455CC7556FCC5" box="[850,1066,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC2E559A750FFD13" box="[920,1139,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="47">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC2E559A750FFD13" box="[920,1139,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is slightly narrower than its insertion (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFCEE417FDE9547C73CAFD35" box="[607,694,1310,1334]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="44.[138,211,1238,1258]" captionTargetBox="[136,1460,171,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-151@44.[136,1460,171,1201]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 20 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Japigny kirshbaum (Sternopygidae), FMNH 50185, 137.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." pageId="47">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFCEE417FDE9547C73CAFD35" box="[607,694,1310,1334]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="44.[138,211,1238,1258]" captionTargetBox="[136,1460,171,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-151@44.[136,1460,171,1201]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 20 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Japigny kirshbaum (Sternopygidae), FMNH 50185, 137.2 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332605/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
). At the insertion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC6D547C75C7FD35" box="[987,1211,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="47">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC6D547C75C7FD35" box="[987,1211,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, all fibers are located laterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3E542173A8FD58" box="[648,724,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="47">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3E542173A8FD58" box="[648,724,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
; and with only the posterodorsal fibers being mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FAEC54217345FD83" italics="true" pageId="47">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FAEC54217345FD83" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, where the anterior margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC78540A7511FD83" box="[974,1133,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="47">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FC78540A7511FD83" box="[974,1133,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
does not exceeds the medial portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3D54EC721FFDA5" box="[651,867,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="47">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFCEE417FD3D54EC721FFDA5" box="[651,867,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,116 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFD6E40FFCAA501A7503F992" ID-CoL="PCN" authority="Ellis, 1912" authorityName="Ellis" authorityYear="1912" box="[796,1151,376,401]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Adontosternarchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCAA501A7578F993" bold="true" box="[796,1028,376,400]" pageId="55">Adontosternarchus</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFD6E40FFCAA501A72ECFAB8" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFCAA501A7503F992" blockId="55.[796,1151,376,401]" box="[796,1151,376,401]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<heading id="D089564EFFD6E40FFCAA501A7503F992" box="[796,1151,376,401]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFD6E40FFCAA501A7503F992" ID-CoL="PCN" authority="Ellis, 1912" authorityName="Ellis" authorityYear="1912" box="[796,1151,376,401]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Adontosternarchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCAA501A7578F993" bold="true" box="[796,1028,376,400]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Adontosternarchus</emphasis>
|
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Ellis, 1912
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB050A172ECFAB8" blockId="55.[488,1460,451,1110]" pageId="55">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDB050A1725DF9D8" bold="true" box="[518,801,451,475]" pageId="55">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB050A172ECFAB8" blockId="55.[488,1460,451,1110]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDB050A1725DF9D8" bold="true" box="[518,801,451,475]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCC650A172C0F9D8" box="[880,956,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="55">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCC650A172C0F9D8" box="[880,956,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
is composed of a single mass of fibers, originating from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula, with its anterodorsal fibers differentiate into an elongated endomaxillary ligament, equal to the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFD24535173A2FA48" box="[658,734,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="55">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFD24535173A2FA48" box="[658,734,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, inserting on the posteromedial margin of the maxilla; and the its anteroventral fibers inserted to the posterior margin of the anguloarticular and dentary. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFD34531C73B2FA95" box="[642,718,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="55">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFD34531C73B2FA95" box="[642,718,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
is positioned dorsolaterally to the dorsal portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFA89531C74FFFA95" box="[1343,1411,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="55">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFA89531C74FFFA95" box="[1343,1411,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and lateroventrally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFD6E53C1725EFAB8" box="[728,802,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="55">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFD6E53C1725EFAB8" box="[728,802,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFD6E40FFC8453C172F8FAB8" box="[818,900,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="51.[136,209,828,848]" captionTargetBox="[390,1206,171,768]" captionTargetId="figure-21@51.[390,1206,171,768]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 23 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Adontosternarchus clarkae (Apteronotidae), MZUSP 30072, 79.3 mm LEA. Green indicates the path of the recurrent ramus of anteroventral part of anterior lateral line nerve. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 2 mm." pageId="55">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFD6E40FFC8453C172F8FAB8" box="[818,900,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="51.[136,209,828,848]" captionTargetBox="[390,1206,171,768]" captionTargetId="figure-21@51.[390,1206,171,768]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 23 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Adontosternarchus clarkae (Apteronotidae), MZUSP 30072, 79.3 mm LEA. Green indicates the path of the recurrent ramus of anteroventral part of anterior lateral line nerve. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332611/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFD6E40FFDB053AA72B8FDA5" pageId="55" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB053AA72A6FBE5" blockId="55.[488,1460,451,1110]" pageId="55">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFD6E40FFDB053AA72B8FDA5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB053AA72A6FBE5" blockId="55.[488,1460,451,1110]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDF653AA73F8FAE3" box="[576,644,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="55">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDF653AA73F8FAE3" box="[576,644,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the metapterygoid, preopercle and hyomandibula, with its lateralmost fibers restricted to the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa. The mesialmost fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCBC52717232FB28" box="[778,846,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="55">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCBC52717232FB28" box="[778,846,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converge into the intersegmental aponeurosis, with its lateralmost fibers inserting into the lateral margin of the anguloarticular. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFE5E523C734EFB75" box="[488,562,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="55">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFE5E523C734EFB75" box="[488,562,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the hyomandibula, sphenotic, pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, and metapterygoid. Towards its anterior portion, the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFBA052E1751CFB98" box="[1046,1120,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="55">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFBA052E1751CFB98" box="[1046,1120,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converges into the meckelian tendon which, in turn, inserts on the coronomeckelian bone; and with anterodorsal fibers converging to the mandibular tendon.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB05291744BFC56" blockId="55.[488,1460,451,1110]" pageId="55">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB05291744BFC56" blockId="55.[488,1460,451,1110]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDF452967230FC08" box="[578,844,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="55">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDF452967230FC08" box="[578,844,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 60% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The course of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFB53557B7329FC55" italics="true" pageId="55">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFB53557B7329FC55" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCFD555C72F3FC55" box="[843,911,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="55">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCFD555C72F3FC55" box="[843,911,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFC70555C756CFC55" box="[966,1040,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="55">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFC70555C756CFC55" box="[966,1040,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
; and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFB52555C744CFC55" box="[1252,1328,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="55">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFB52555C744CFC55" box="[1252,1328,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB055EB72B8FDA5" blockId="55.[487,1460,1160,1446]" pageId="55">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDB055EB7269FCA3" bold="true" box="[518,789,1160,1185]" pageId="55">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFD6E40FFDB055EB72B8FDA5" blockId="55.[487,1460,1160,1446]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFDB055EB7269FCA3" bold="true" box="[518,789,1160,1185]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCE455EA7556FCA3" box="[850,1066,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="55">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFCE455EA7556FCA3" box="[850,1066,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal, pterosphenoid, and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFBFF55B1745BFCE8" box="[1097,1319,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="55">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFBFF55B1745BFCE8" box="[1097,1319,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is narrower than its insertion, approximately a half of its insertion. At the insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFC1D547C75F7FD35" box="[939,1163,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="55">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFC1D547C75F7FD35" box="[939,1163,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFAD6547C74D0FD35" box="[1376,1452,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="55">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFAD6547C74D0FD35" box="[1376,1452,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFB6A54217454FD58" box="[1244,1320,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="55">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFB6A54217454FD58" box="[1244,1320,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFAD85421730FFD83" italics="true" pageId="55">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFAD85421730FFD83" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a mesial arrangement where the anterior margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFAA0540A74CFFD83" box="[1302,1459,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="55">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFD6E40FFAA0540A74CFFD83" box="[1302,1459,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
exceeds the median portion of this muscle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,122 +1,127 @@
|
|||
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FC8A54D172B1FDC8" bold="true" box="[828,973,1459,1483]" pageId="58">Compsaraia</emphasis>
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|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDBE402FC8A54D17523FDC8" blockId="58.[828,1119,1459,1483]" box="[828,1119,1459,1483]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFDBE402FC8A54D17523FDC8" box="[828,1119,1459,1483]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDBE402FC8A54D17523FDC8" ID-CoL="3SVC" authority="Albert, 2001" authorityName="Albert" authorityYear="2001" box="[828,1119,1459,1483]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Compsaraia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FC8A54D172B1FDC8" bold="true" box="[828,973,1459,1483]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Compsaraia</emphasis>
|
||||
Albert, 2001
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDBE402FDB0549C73ACFF42" blockId="58.[485,1460,1534,1894]" pageId="58">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FDB0549C7268FE15" bold="true" box="[518,788,1534,1558]" pageId="58">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDBE402FDB0549C73ACFF42" blockId="58.[485,1460,1534,1894]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FDB0549C7268FE15" bold="true" box="[518,788,1534,1558]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FCFA549C72E4FE15" box="[844,920,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="58">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FCFA549C72E4FE15" box="[844,920,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
is composed of a wide single mass of fibers, with a more concentrated bundle of fibers at its dorsalmost portion than its midventral portion, and located laterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FCAB572A72DCFE63" box="[797,928,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="58">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FCAB572A72DCFE63" box="[797,928,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, overlapping it almost completely. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FADE572A74C8FE63" box="[1384,1460,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="58">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FADE572A74C8FE63" box="[1384,1460,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from hyomandibula and preopercle, converging anteriorly to the buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into an endomaxilar ligament, equal to 2/3 to the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FC1857DA7286FED3" box="[942,1018,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="58">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FC1857DA7286FED3" box="[942,1018,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, to an insertion at the connective tissue between the anterior margin of the premaxilla and upper lip; and the anteroventral fibers converges into an ectomaxillary ligament that inserts at the posterolateral face of the maxilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFDBE402FDC4564A73BFFF42" box="[626,707,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="70.[488,561,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,171,881]" captionTargetId="figure-237@70.[488,1459,171,881]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 31 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Compsaraia compsa (Apteronotidae), MZUSP 56206, 123.4 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="58">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFDBE402FDC4564A73BFFF42" box="[626,707,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="70.[488,561,940,960]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,171,881]" captionTargetId="figure-237@70.[488,1459,171,881]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 31 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Compsaraia compsa (Apteronotidae), MZUSP 56206, 123.4 mm LEA. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332627/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDBE403FDB0562C74C8FBC3" lastPageId="59" pageId="58" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDBE403FDB0562C75B0F9D8" blockId="58.[485,1460,1534,1894]" lastBlockId="59.[487,1459,190,624]" lastPageId="59" pageId="58">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDBE403FDB0562C74C8FBC3" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDBE403FDB0562C75B0F9D8" blockId="58.[485,1460,1534,1894]" lastBlockId="59.[487,1459,190,624]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FDF7562C73B8FF65" box="[577,708,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="58">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDBE402FDF7562C73B8FF65" box="[577,708,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the pterosphenoid, hyomandibula, sphenotic, and metapterygoid. At its origin, the lateralmost portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB2B51DC745CF8D5" box="[1181,1312,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="59">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB2B51DC745CF8D5" box="[1181,1312,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, presumably corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD5D51817253F8F8" box="[747,815,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="59">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD5D51817253F8F8" box="[747,815,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, is separated dorsally from the fibers of the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5E506A734EF923" box="[488,562,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="59">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5E506A734EF923" box="[488,562,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
by the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD20506A7204F923" box="[662,888,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="59">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD20506A7204F923" box="[662,888,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, becoming continuous at their mid-portion and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The fibers corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5E50317350F968" box="[488,556,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="59">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5E50317350F968" box="[488,556,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
inserts mainly into the coronoid process; and the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB5B5031744BF968" box="[1261,1335,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="59">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB5B5031744BF968" box="[1261,1335,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converges into an intersegmental aponeurosis weakly differentiated, where its ventral portion differentiates into the meckelian tendon to an insertion to the coronomeckelian bone, and the anterodorsal fibers converges into the mandibular tendon.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDAE403FDB0508A73CAFA73" blockId="59.[487,1459,190,624]" pageId="59">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDAE403FDB0508A73CAFA73" blockId="59.[487,1459,190,624]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD8C508B7240FA03" box="[570,828,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="59">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD8C508B7240FA03" box="[570,828,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 30% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FBA9536D7415FA25" box="[1055,1385,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="59">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FBA9536D7415FA25" box="[1055,1385,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve trespasses the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD3353517274FA48" box="[645,776,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="59">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD3353517274FA48" box="[645,776,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, and lies lateral to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB2953517595FA48" box="[1183,1257,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="59">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB2953517595FA48" box="[1183,1257,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5F533A7351FA73" box="[489,557,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="59">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5F533A7351FA73" box="[489,557,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FDD5533A73D3FA73" box="[611,687,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="59">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FDD5533A73D3FA73" box="[611,687,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDAE403FDB053C174C8FBC3" blockId="59.[486,1460,675,960]" pageId="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FDB053C17268FAB8" bold="true" box="[518,788,675,699]" pageId="59">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDAE403FDB053C174C8FBC3" blockId="59.[486,1460,675,960]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FDB053C17268FAB8" bold="true" box="[518,788,675,699]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FCE453C17556FAB8" box="[850,1066,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="59">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FCE453C17556FAB8" box="[850,1066,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal, pterosphenoid and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB97538C7588FB05" box="[1057,1268,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="59">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB97538C7588FB05" box="[1057,1268,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is equal to half of its insertion. At the insertion, the posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB6B527174C8FB28" box="[1245,1460,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="59">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FB6B527174C8FB28" box="[1245,1460,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD28525A7396FB53" box="[670,746,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="59">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD28525A7396FB53" box="[670,746,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
and to the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FC61525A7566FB53" box="[983,1050,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="59">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FC61525A7566FB53" box="[983,1050,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its anteromesial, anterolateral, and posteromesial bundles are medial to those sections. The anteriormost fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5E52E173B6FB98" box="[488,714,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="59">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FE5E52E173B6FB98" box="[488,714,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
presents an aponeurotic aspect; and its posterodorsal fibers lies mesially to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD3B52CA7246FBC3" box="[653,826,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="59">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDAE403FD3B52CA7246FBC3" box="[653,826,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, but without reaching the median portion of this muscle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,118 +1,123 @@
|
|||
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<mods:identifier id="763785AF5082EB2588FEBB07548551A6" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
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<mods:classification id="C436F3A7970C0918B5E1D057BA08B405">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1125D390929906F8548F9BC81D067449" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
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|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6" lastPageId="62" pageId="61">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDCE405FD55555C7449FE38" pageId="61" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FD55555C75C4FC55" blockId="61.[739,1208,1086,1110]" box="[739,1208,1086,1110]" pageId="61">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFDCE405FD55555C75C4FC55" box="[739,1208,1086,1110]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="61" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDCE405FD55555C75C4FC55" ID-CoL="6S7B" authority="Mago-Leccia, 1994" authorityName="Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1994" box="[739,1208,1086,1110]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Platyurosternarchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD55555C72ABFC55" bold="true" box="[739,983,1086,1110]" pageId="61">Platyurosternarchus</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFDCE406FD55555C728BF9B6" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDCE405FD55555C7449FE38" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FD55555C75C4FC55" blockId="61.[739,1208,1086,1110]" box="[739,1208,1086,1110]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFDCE405FD55555C75C4FC55" box="[739,1208,1086,1110]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDCE405FD55555C75C4FC55" ID-CoL="6S7B" authority="Mago-Leccia, 1994" authorityName="Mago-Leccia" authorityYear="1994" box="[739,1208,1086,1110]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Platyurosternarchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD55555C72ABFC55" bold="true" box="[739,983,1086,1110]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Platyurosternarchus</emphasis>
|
||||
Mago-Leccia, 1994
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FDB055EA7449FE38" blockId="61.[486,1460,1160,1819]" pageId="61">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDB055EA725CFCA3" bold="true" box="[518,800,1160,1184]" pageId="61">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FDB055EA7449FE38" blockId="61.[486,1460,1160,1819]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDB055EA725CFCA3" bold="true" box="[518,800,1160,1184]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FCD955EA7448FCA3" box="[879,1332,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="61">adductor mandibulae, segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FCD955EA7448FCA3" box="[879,1332,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">adductor mandibulae, segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
lacks any subdivisions, however, at its origin, the segment is partially sectioned posterodorsally by the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD8A55B17260FCE8" box="[572,796,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="61">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD8A55B17260FCE8" box="[572,796,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, becoming continuous at their mid-portion and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FB90559B758DFD13" box="[1062,1265,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="61">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FB90559B758DFD13" box="[1062,1265,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates from the hyomandibula, quadrate, simpletic, pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, sphenotic, metapterygoid, and preopercle. The lateralmost fibers converge anteriorly to the buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into an endomaxilar ligament, equal to the fibrous portion of this portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FA8954ED734CFDC8" italics="true" pageId="61">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FA8954ED734CFDC8" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
, to a insertion at the connective tissue between the anterior margin of the premaxilla and upper lip, and the anteroventral fibers converges into an ectomaxillary ligament that inserts at the posterolateral face of the maxilla; and, based on positional correspondence, this muscle portion presumably corresponds to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FB5757417451FE38" box="[1249,1325,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="61">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FB5757417451FE38" box="[1249,1325,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDCE406FDB0572A728BF9B6" lastPageId="62" pageId="61" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FDB0572A74DFFF18" blockId="61.[486,1460,1160,1819]" pageId="61">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDCE406FDB0572A728BF9B6" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FDB0572A74DFFF18" blockId="61.[486,1460,1160,1819]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDF1572A73F7FE63" box="[583,651,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="61">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDF1572A73F7FE63" box="[583,651,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD6F572A725FFE63" box="[729,803,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="61">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD6F572A725FFE63" box="[729,803,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
differentiates towards their insertion sites, with the lateroventral fibers homologous, at least in part, with the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FB27570C75A9FE85" box="[1169,1237,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="61">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FB27570C75A9FE85" box="[1169,1237,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, inserting into the coronoid process; and the medialmost set of fibers of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FBD757F67459FEA8" box="[1121,1317,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="61">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FBD757F67459FEA8" box="[1121,1317,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">segmentum facialis</emphasis>
|
||||
, presumably homologous with the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD5657DA7256FED3" box="[736,810,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="61">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD5657DA7256FED3" box="[736,810,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, converging to the meckelian tendon that, in turn, inserts on the coronomeckelian (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFDCE405FCB557BC7229FEF5" box="[771,853,1758,1782]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="50.[136,209,1761,1781]" captionTargetBox="[136,1458,171,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-23@50.[136,1459,171,1702]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 22 | Platyurosternarchus macrostomus (Apteronotidae), MZUSP 57686, 189.5 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature; B. Mesial view of the adductor mandibulae. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 10 mm; 5 mm." pageId="61">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFDCE405FCB557BC7229FEF5" box="[771,853,1758,1782]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="50.[136,209,1761,1781]" captionTargetBox="[136,1458,171,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-23@50.[136,1459,171,1702]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 22 | Platyurosternarchus macrostomus (Apteronotidae), MZUSP 57686, 189.5 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature; B. Mesial view of the adductor mandibulae. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 10 mm; 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332609/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FC2E57BD75ABFEF5" box="[920,1239,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="61">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FC2E57BD75ABFEF5" box="[920,1239,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve trespasses the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDED566173E3FF18" box="[603,671,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="61">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDED566173E3FF18" box="[603,671,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD615661725DFF18" box="[727,801,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="61">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FD615661725DFF18" box="[727,801,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, and lies lateral to both sections and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FAE6566174E0FF18" box="[1360,1436,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="61">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FAE6566174E0FF18" box="[1360,1436,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FDB0562C74CFFF65" blockId="61.[518,1459,1870,1894]" box="[518,1459,1870,1894]" pageId="61">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDB0562C7269FF65" bold="true" box="[518,789,1870,1894]" pageId="61">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDCE405FDB0562C74CFFF65" blockId="61.[518,1459,1870,1894]" box="[518,1459,1870,1894]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FDB0562C7269FF65" bold="true" box="[518,789,1870,1894]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FCE4562C7556FF65" box="[850,1066,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="61">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDCE405FCE4562C7556FF65" box="[850,1066,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape,
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDFE406FE5E51DC728BF9B6" blockId="62.[486,1459,190,438]" pageId="62">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDFE406FE5E51DC728BF9B6" blockId="62.[486,1459,190,438]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||||
originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FC1E518175F6F8F8" box="[936,1162,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="62">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FC1E518175F6F8F8" box="[936,1162,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is slightly wider than its insertion. At the insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FADA506A7309F945" italics="true" pageId="62">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FADA506A7309F945" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FC0C504C7282F945" box="[954,1022,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="62">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FC0C504C7282F945" box="[954,1022,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and dorsolaterally to
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FB4E504C7438F945" box="[1272,1348,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="62">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FB4E504C7438F945" box="[1272,1348,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
; while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FB6C50317462F968" box="[1242,1310,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="62">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FB6C50317462F968" box="[1242,1310,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
. This muscle has a mesial arrangement where the anterior margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FBC4501A745DF993" box="[1138,1313,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="62">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FBC4501A745DF993" box="[1138,1313,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
reaching the anterodorsal margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FCAE50FC728CF9B5" box="[792,1008,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="62">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDFE406FCAE50FC728CF9B5" box="[792,1008,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,122 +1,127 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720073" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" lastPageId="64" pageId="63">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" ID-CoL="7N8W" authority="Eigenmann, 1905" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1905" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FCA0566172CAFF18" bold="true" box="[790,950,1795,1819]" pageId="63">Sternarchella</emphasis>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720073" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFDEE478FCA056617514FD35" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDEE478FCA056617293F992" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" blockId="63.[790,1157,1795,1819]" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<heading id="D089564EFFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDEE407FCA0566175F9FF18" ID-CoL="7N8W" authority="Eigenmann, 1905" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1905" box="[790,1157,1795,1819]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Sternarchella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FCA0566172CAFF18" bold="true" box="[790,950,1795,1819]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sternarchella</emphasis>
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Eigenmann, 1905
|
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDEE478FDB0562C7293F992" blockId="63.[518,1459,1870,1894]" lastBlockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" lastPageId="64" pageId="63">
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FDB0562C7262FF65" bold="true" box="[518,798,1870,1894]" pageId="63">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDEE478FDB0562C7293F992" blockId="63.[518,1459,1870,1894]" lastBlockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FDB0562C7262FF65" bold="true" box="[518,798,1870,1894]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FCDE562C72C8FF65" box="[872,948,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="63">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDEE407FCDE562C72C8FF65" box="[872,948,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
arises from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula, quadrate, and preopercle, converging anteriorly to the buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into an endomaxilar ligament, equal to the fibrous portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FCD5506A72D3F923" box="[867,943,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="64">malaris</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FCD5506A72D3F923" box="[867,943,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, to an insertion at the mesethmoid, premaxilla and the connective tissue between the anterior margin of the premaxilla and upper lip; and the anteroventral fibers converges into an ectomaxillary ligament that inserts at the posterolateral face of the maxilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FCE8501A72C5F992" box="[862,953,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="51.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[213,1382,992,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-66@51.[213,1382,992,1739]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 24 | Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. A. Detail of lateral view of anterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Detail of lateral view of posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." pageId="64">Figs. 24</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FCE8501A72C5F992" box="[862,953,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="51.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[213,1382,992,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-66@51.[213,1382,992,1739]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 24 | Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. A. Detail of lateral view of anterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Detail of lateral view of posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332613/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Figs. 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FC72501B729EF992" box="[964,994,377,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="68.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@68.[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 28 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="64">28</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FC72501B729EF992" box="[964,994,377,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="68.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@68.[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 28 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332621/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA1E478FDB050FC7514FD35" pageId="64" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB050FC75B0FB05" blockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" pageId="64">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFA1E478FDB050FC7514FD35" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB050FC75B0FB05" blockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDFD50FC73B2F9B5" box="[587,718,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="64">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDFD50FC73B2F9B5" box="[587,718,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the pterosphenoid, parasphenoid, sympletic, hyomandibula, sphenotic, and metapterygoid. At its origin, the lateralmost portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDA0508A73E5FA03" box="[534,665,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="64">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDA0508A73E5FA03" box="[534,665,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, presumably corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB80508A7506FA03" box="[1078,1146,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="64">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB80508A7506FA03" box="[1078,1146,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, is separated dorsally from the fibers of the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC97536C7217FA25" box="[801,875,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="64">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC97536C7217FA25" box="[801,875,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
by the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC7C536C75D5FA25" box="[970,1193,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="64">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC7C536C75D5FA25" box="[970,1193,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, becoming continuous at their mid-portion and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The fibers corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC84533A720AFA73" box="[818,886,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="64">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FC84533A720AFA73" box="[818,886,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
inserts mainly into the coronoid process and to the posterodorsal margin of the anguloarticular; and the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB5B531C744BFA95" box="[1261,1335,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="64">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB5B531C744BFA95" box="[1261,1335,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
converges into an intersegmental aponeurosis weakly differentiated, where its ventral portion differentiates into the meckelian tendon to an insertion to the coronomeckelian bone, and the anterodorsal fibers converges into the mandibular tendon.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB0527173CAFB98" blockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" pageId="64">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB0527173CAFB98" blockId="64.[487,1459,190,923]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD8C52767240FB28" box="[570,828,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="64">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD8C52767240FB28" box="[570,828,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 20% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FBA9525B7415FB53" box="[1055,1385,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="64">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FBA9525B7415FB53" box="[1055,1385,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve trespasses the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD33523C7274FB75" box="[645,776,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="64">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD33523C7274FB75" box="[645,776,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, and lies lateral to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB29523C7595FB75" box="[1183,1257,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="64">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB29523C7595FB75" box="[1183,1257,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FE5F52E17351FB98" box="[489,557,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="64">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FE5F52E17351FB98" box="[489,557,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDD552E173D3FB98" box="[611,687,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="64">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDD552E173D3FB98" box="[611,687,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB052AC7514FD35" blockId="64.[488,1462,974,1334]" pageId="64">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDB052AC7269FBE5" bold="true" box="[518,789,974,998]" pageId="64">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFA1E478FDB052AC7514FD35" blockId="64.[488,1462,974,1334]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FDB052AC7269FBE5" bold="true" box="[518,789,974,998]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FCE452AC7556FBE5" box="[850,1066,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="64">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FCE452AC7556FBE5" box="[850,1066,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal, pterosphenoid, and sphenotic; inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB8B557A7464FC33" box="[1085,1304,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="64">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB8B557A7464FC33" box="[1085,1304,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is wider than its insertion, equal to one and a half of its insertion (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FBEC555C75CCFC55" box="[1114,1200,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="68.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@68.[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 28 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." pageId="64">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFA1E478FBEC555C75CCFC55" box="[1114,1200,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="68.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@68.[263,1333,171,917]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 28 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Sternarchella terminalis (Apteronotidae), MPEG 3481, 155.3 mm TL [regenerated]. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332621/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). At the insertion, the anterolateral and posterolateral fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB8D55017465FC78" box="[1083,1305,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="64">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FB8D55017465FC78" box="[1083,1305,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the presumptive
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD1C55EA7392FCA3" box="[682,750,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="64">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD1C55EA7392FCA3" box="[682,750,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, while its anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD8055CC7306FCC5" box="[566,634,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="64">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD8055CC7306FCC5" box="[566,634,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
. The anteromesial fibers are inserted into the hyomandibula through an aponeurotic attachment, with the remaining subsets of fibers being essentially fibrous. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD96559A7382FD13" box="[544,766,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="64">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FD96559A7382FD13" box="[544,766,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has a mesial arrangement where the anterior margin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FE5E547C73F8FD35" box="[488,644,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="64">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFA1E478FE5E547C73F8FD35" box="[488,644,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">dilator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
exceeds the median portion of this muscle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,159 +1,164 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FC8252E1751BFB98" ID-CoL="4RYJ" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[820,1127,899,923]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC8252E172C9FB98" bold="true" box="[820,949,899,923]" pageId="27">Gymnotus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FC8252E1751BFB98" ID-CoL="4RYJ" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[820,1127,899,923]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC8252E172C9FB98" bold="true" box="[820,949,899,923]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gymnotus</emphasis>
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Linnaeus, 1758
|
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB052AC72D3FD13" blockId="27.[486,1461,974,1819]" pageId="27">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB052AC725AFBE5" bold="true" box="[518,806,974,998]" pageId="27">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB052AC725AFBE5" bold="true" box="[518,806,974,998]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC3652AC7570FBE5" box="[896,1036,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="27">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC3652AC7570FBE5" box="[896,1036,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the hyomandibula, metapterygoid, quadrate, parasphenoid, frontal and sphenotic. The subsections become gradually differentiated towards their insertion, where the dorsolateral fibers, corresponding to the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCDA555C72C4FC55" box="[876,952,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="27">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCDA555C72C4FC55" box="[876,952,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, converge on a thick mandibular tendon inserted into the mesial face of the coronoid process. The middle fibers, presumably corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD6855EA7254FCA3" box="[734,808,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="27">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD6855EA7254FCA3" box="[734,808,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, diverge in the meckelian tendon and are inserted on the dorsal margin of the coronomeckelian bone. Some lateral fibers near the insertion site of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDA755B173E1FCE8" box="[529,669,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="27">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDA755B173E1FCE8" box="[529,669,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
are inserted on the buccopalatal membrane, which in turn is associated with the posterior margin of the maxilla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFFAE424FDB0547C7572FC08" lastPageId="28" pageId="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0547C750FFDF3" blockId="27.[486,1461,974,1819]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB0547C73EBFD35" box="[518,663,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="27">Stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFFAE424FDB0547C7572FC08" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0547C750FFDF3" blockId="27.[486,1461,974,1819]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB0547C73EBFD35" box="[518,663,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
is composed mainly of fibers. However, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FB28547C7470FD36" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1182,1292,1310,1333]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB28547C7470FD36" box="[1182,1292,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="27">Gymnotus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FB28547C7470FD36" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1182,1292,1310,1333]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB28547C7470FD36" box="[1182,1292,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gymnotus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
gr.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FAF4547D74F8FD35" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1346,1412,1311,1334]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carapo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FAF4547D74F8FD35" box="[1346,1412,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="27">carapo</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FAF4547D74F8FD35" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1346,1412,1311,1334]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carapo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FAF4547D74F8FD35" box="[1346,1412,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">carapo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the more lateral fibers of this sub-section, corresponding to the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FA9754217411FD58" box="[1313,1389,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="27">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FA9754217411FD58" box="[1313,1389,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, have tendinous ossifications forming intermuscular bones. The mesial fibers, corresponding to the presumed
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD1154EC738DFDA5" box="[679,753,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="27">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD1154EC738DFDA5" box="[679,753,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, are laterally positioned in relation to the posterolateral region of the basal portion of the endopterygoid, not completely overlapping it, and are lateral relative to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD3F54BA7208FDF3" box="[649,884,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="27">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD3F54BA7208FDF3" box="[649,884,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, totally overlapping it.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0549C7238FF18" blockId="27.[486,1461,974,1819]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0549C7238FF18" blockId="27.[486,1461,974,1819]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD89549C73FFFE15" box="[575,643,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD89549C73FFFE15" box="[575,643,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the preopercle, quadrate and hyomandibula, with lateral fibers surpassing the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa and reaching the posterior margin of that bone. This subsection is inserted mainly on the coronoid process, but with some more lateral fibers associated with the buccopalatal membrane. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FAC7570C74C9FE85" box="[1393,1461,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FAC7570C74C9FE85" box="[1393,1461,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is normally composed of fibers only, except in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FBB957F67501FEA8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1039,1149,1684,1707]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FBB957F67501FEA8" box="[1039,1149,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="27">Gymnotus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FBB957F67501FEA8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1039,1149,1684,1707]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FBB957F67501FEA8" box="[1039,1149,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gymnotus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
gr.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FB0557F67589FEA8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1203,1269,1684,1707]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carapo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB0557F67589FEA8" box="[1203,1269,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="27">carapo</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FB0557F67589FEA8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1203,1269,1684,1707]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carapo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB0557F67589FEA8" box="[1203,1269,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">carapo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which some tendons ossify and form intermuscular bones. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB9E57DB7411FED3" box="[1064,1389,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="27">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB9E57DB7411FED3" box="[1064,1389,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is mesial to all sub-sections of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCD257BC7541FEF5" box="[868,1085,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="27">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCD257BC7541FEF5" box="[868,1085,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
(in
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D782AABFFFAE423FBDC57BC7478FEF5" box="[1130,1284,1758,1782]" count="1" pageId="27" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D782AABFFFAE423FBDC57BC7478FEF5" box="[1130,1284,1758,1782]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FA9F57BC74D0FEF5" authorityName="Hoedeman" authorityYear="1962" box="[1321,1452,1758,1782]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coropinae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FA9F57BC74D0FEF5" box="[1321,1452,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="27">G. coropinae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFAE423FA9F57BC74D0FEF5" authorityName="Hoedeman" authorityYear="1962" box="[1321,1452,1758,1782]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coropinae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FA9F57BC74D0FEF5" box="[1321,1452,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">G. coropinae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the nerve trespasses the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD4756617249FF18" box="[753,821,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD4756617249FF18" box="[753,821,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE424FDB0562C73A4FA02" blockId="27.[518,1458,1870,1894]" lastBlockId="28.[487,1461,190,513]" lastPageId="28" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB0562C7258FF65" bold="true" box="[518,804,1870,1894]" pageId="27">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE424FDB0562C73A4FA02" blockId="27.[518,1458,1870,1894]" lastBlockId="28.[487,1461,190,513]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB0562C7258FF65" bold="true" box="[518,804,1870,1894]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCDA562C752FFF65" box="[876,1107,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="27">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCDA562C752FFF65" box="[876,1107,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
has the shape of an inverted triangle; with its origin twice as wide as its insertion. This muscle originates in the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and is inserted on the hyomandibula. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FE51506A73B0F923" box="[487,716,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="28">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FE51506A73B0F923" box="[487,716,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
is a non-sectioned muscle, except at the insertion, where four sub-sets of fibers are identifiable. Each of them has distinct modes at its insertion point in relation to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FD745031726CF968" box="[706,784,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="28">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FD745031726CF968" box="[706,784,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
: the anterolateral fibers, posterolateral and posteromesial is disposed laterally in relation to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FC03501A757FF993" box="[949,1027,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="28">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FC03501A757FF993" box="[949,1027,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
and dorsally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FB49501A7439F993" box="[1279,1349,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="28">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FB49501A7439F993" box="[1279,1349,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
; and the anteromesial fibers are arranged mesially in relation to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FB1F50FC758BF9B5" box="[1193,1271,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="28">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FB1F50FC758BF9B5" box="[1193,1271,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
. This muscle is partially mesial to
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FD0050A172ECF9D8" box="[694,912,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="28">the dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FD0050A172ECF9D8" box="[694,912,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">the dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
, which exceeds the medial portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FADD50A1730AFA03" italics="true" pageId="28">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FADD50A1730AFA03" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFDE424FD30508A73B4FA02" box="[646,712,488,513]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[135,208,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[294,1300,693,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-180@10.[294,1300,693,1813]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Dorsolateral head muscles of Gymnotus cylindricus (Gymnotidae), USNM 134701, 178.5 mm LEA. A. Lateral view; B. dorsal view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 4 mm." pageId="28">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFDE424FD30508A73B4FA02" box="[646,712,488,513]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[135,208,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[294,1300,693,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-180@10.[294,1300,693,1813]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Dorsolateral head muscles of Gymnotus cylindricus (Gymnotidae), USNM 134701, 178.5 mm LEA. A. Lateral view; B. dorsal view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bars = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332565/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFDE424FDB05351759CFB05" blockId="28.[488,1459,563,774]" pageId="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FDB05351738CFA48" bold="true" box="[518,752,563,587]" pageId="28">Dilatator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFDE424FDB05351759CFB05" blockId="28.[488,1459,563,774]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FDB05351738CFA48" bold="true" box="[518,752,563,587]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Dilatator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FCF653517285FA48" box="[832,1017,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="28">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FCF653517285FA48" box="[832,1017,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
is roughly conical. It originates in the posterior margin of the sphenotic, pterotic, frontal and dorsal portion of the hyomandibula, and inserts on the dorsal and anterodorsal portion of the dorsal process of the opercle. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFDE424FD0453C672EAFAB8" authorityName="La Monte" authorityYear="1935" box="[690,918,675,699]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FD0453C672EAFAB8" box="[690,918,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="28">Gymnotus cylindricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFDE424FD0453C672EAFAB8" authorityName="La Monte" authorityYear="1935" box="[690,918,675,699]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FD0453C672EAFAB8" box="[690,918,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gymnotus cylindricus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
its insertion includes the dorsoposterior portion of the dorsal process of the opercle. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FC7653AA750EFAE3" box="[960,1138,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="28">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FC7653AA750EFAE3" box="[960,1138,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
is lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FA9953AA734BFB05" italics="true" pageId="28">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FA9953AA734BFB05" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
, overlapping approximately 2/3 of its mid-posterior portion.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFDE424FDB0525B7572FC08" blockId="28.[487,1461,824,1035]" pageId="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FDB0525B73A5FB53" bold="true" box="[518,729,824,849]" pageId="28">Levator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFDE424FDB0525B7572FC08" blockId="28.[487,1461,824,1035]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FDB0525B73A5FB53" bold="true" box="[518,729,824,849]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Levator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FCAA525A7564FB53" box="[796,1048,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="28">levator operculi anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FCAA525A7564FB53" box="[796,1048,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">levator operculi anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the ventral margin of the pterotic and is inserted in a ridge on the dorsal margin of the opercle, posterior to its anterodorsal process. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FCDA52E17506FB98" box="[876,1146,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="28">levator operculi posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFDE424FCDA52E17506FB98" box="[876,1146,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">levator operculi posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the postotic canal segment corresponding to the supracleithrum and posteroventral margin of the pterotic, inserting along a ridge on the posterolateral margin of the opercle, with fibers extending beyond the dorsal margin of the bone.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,141 +1,146 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFBE422FC8B525B7522FB53" ID-CoL="632F9" authority="Gill, 1864" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1864" box="[829,1118,824,849]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Electrophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC8B525B729BFB52" bold="true" box="[829,999,825,849]" pageId="26">Electrophorus</emphasis>
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||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFFBE422FC8B525B724FFD12" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE422FC8B525B7522FB53" blockId="26.[829,1118,824,849]" box="[829,1118,824,849]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<heading id="D089564EFFFBE422FC8B525B7522FB53" box="[829,1118,824,849]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFFBE422FC8B525B7522FB53" ID-CoL="632F9" authority="Gill, 1864" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1864" box="[829,1118,824,849]" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Electrophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC8B525B729BFB52" bold="true" box="[829,999,825,849]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Electrophorus</emphasis>
|
||||
Gill, 1864
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE422FDB052E1724FFD12" blockId="26.[488,1461,899,1595]" pageId="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FDB052E1725AFB98" bold="true" box="[518,806,899,923]" pageId="26">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE422FDB052E1724FFD12" blockId="26.[488,1461,899,1595]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FDB052E1725AFB98" bold="true" box="[518,806,899,923]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC3652E17570FB98" box="[896,1036,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="26">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC3652E17570FB98" box="[896,1036,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the hyomandibula, metapterygoid, endopterygoid, quadrate, parasphenoid, frontal and sphenotic. Its component subsections are increasingly differentiated towards its insertion, where dorsolateral fibers, presumably corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FBE0529175DEFC08" box="[1110,1186,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="26">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FBE0529175DEFC08" box="[1110,1186,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, converge towards the coronoid process and dorsomesial fibers converge on a thick mandibular tendon inserted on the mesial surface of the coronoid process. The middle fibers, presumably correspond to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FD0A5501727AFC78" box="[700,774,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="26">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FD0A5501727AFC78" box="[700,774,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
, diverge in a thick meckelian tendon inserted on the dorsal margin of the coronomeckelian bone (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFBE422FC2A55EA72A3FCA2" box="[924,991,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[136,209,1537,1557]" captionTargetBox="[325,1269,171,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[325,1269,171,1485]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Adductor mandibulae of Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm LEA. A. Lateral view; B. Mesial view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." pageId="26">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFBE422FC2A55EA72A3FCA2" box="[924,991,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[136,209,1537,1557]" captionTargetBox="[325,1269,171,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[325,1269,171,1485]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Adductor mandibulae of Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm LEA. A. Lateral view; B. Mesial view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332569/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsomesial fibers corresponding to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FE5E55CC734EFCC5" box="[488,562,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="26">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FE5E55CC734EFCC5" box="[488,562,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stegalis</emphasis>
|
||||
are disposed laterally relative to the posterolateral region of the basal portion of the endopterygoid, not completely overlapping it but totally covering laterally the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FE5F559A73A9FD13" box="[489,725,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="26">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FE5F559A73A9FD13" box="[489,725,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">adductor arcus palatini</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFBE422FD54559A725AFD12" box="[738,806,1272,1297]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[135,208,1164,1184]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,171,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[136,1459,171,1123]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm" pageId="26">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFBE422FD54559A725AFD12" box="[738,806,1272,1297]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[135,208,1164,1184]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,171,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[136,1459,171,1123]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332567/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFFBE423FDB0547C75EAFB52" lastPageId="27" pageId="26" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE422FDB0547C745EFE38" blockId="26.[488,1461,899,1595]" pageId="26">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFFBE423FDB0547C75EAFB52" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE422FDB0547C745EFE38" blockId="26.[488,1461,899,1595]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FD89547C73FFFD35" box="[575,643,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="26">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FD89547C73FFFD35" box="[575,643,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the preopercle, quadrate and hyomandibula, with lateral fibers surpassing the anterior margin of the preopercular fossa, but not reaching the posterior margin of the bone, being restricted to its medial portion. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FA97540A7419FD83" box="[1313,1381,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="26">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FA97540A7419FD83" box="[1313,1381,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
inserts mainly on the coronoid process, but with a few lateral fibers on the buccopalatal membrane. The dorsal portion of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC2954D1729FFDC8" box="[927,995,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="26">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC2954D1729FFDC8" box="[927,995,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is disposed mesially to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FA9654D174D0FDC8" box="[1312,1452,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="26">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FA9654D174D0FDC8" box="[1312,1452,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
, with anterior fibers close to its insertion fully differentiated from the latter. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FAC254BB739EFE15" italics="true" pageId="26">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FAC254BB739EFE15" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve is arranged mesially to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FBE2549C75E4FE15" box="[1108,1176,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="26">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FBE2549C75E4FE15" box="[1108,1176,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and laterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FAC5549D7348FE38" italics="true" pageId="26">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FAC5549D7348FE38" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stego-malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
(n = 1) or mesially to all sections of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC44574175B6FE38" box="[1010,1226,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="26">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FC44574175B6FE38" box="[1010,1226,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">adductor mandibulae</emphasis>
|
||||
(n = 1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE423FDB0570C7220F923" blockId="26.[484,1461,1646,1894]" lastBlockId="27.[487,1459,190,288]" lastPageId="27" pageId="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FDB0570C7272FE85" bold="true" box="[518,782,1646,1670]" pageId="26">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFBE423FDB0570C7220F923" blockId="26.[484,1461,1646,1894]" lastBlockId="27.[487,1459,190,288]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FDB0570C7272FE85" bold="true" box="[518,782,1646,1670]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FCF2570C7514FE85" box="[836,1128,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="26">levator arcus palatini anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FCF2570C7514FE85" box="[836,1128,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">levator arcus palatini anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the anteroventral margin of the sphenotic and is inserted on the hyomandibula. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FB6D57F1733DFED3" italics="true" pageId="26">levator arcus palatini posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FB6D57F1733DFED3" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">levator arcus palatini posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
originates in the posteroventral margin of the sphenotic and inserts onto the hyomandibula and preopercle. In the region of origin, the two sections are partially continuous and sectioned by the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FCD35666751AFF18" box="[869,1126,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="26">truncus hyomandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FCD35666751AFF18" box="[869,1126,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">truncus hyomandibularis</emphasis>
|
||||
nerve, which is lateral to the anterior section and mesial to the posterior one (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFBE422FBB5564A7529FF42" box="[1027,1109,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-21@19.[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10 | Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Adductor mandibulae dissected in B. LO, anterior not visible in lateral view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." pageId="26">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFBE422FBB5564A7529FF42" box="[1027,1109,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-21@19.[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10 | Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Adductor mandibulae dissected in B. LO, anterior not visible in lateral view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332585/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). At the insertion, fiber bundles of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FD86562C7223FF65" box="[560,863,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="26">levator arcus palatini anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FD86562C7223FF65" box="[560,863,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">levator arcus palatini anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
are mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FB92562C750CFF65" box="[1060,1136,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="26">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE422FB92562C750CFF65" box="[1060,1136,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
and those of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE423FA87562C73E4F8D5" italics="true" lastPageId="27" pageId="26">levator arcus palatini posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFBE423FA87562C73E4F8D5" italics="true" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">levator arcus palatini posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
are lateral to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCD451DC72D2F8D5" box="[866,942,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="27">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FCD451DC72D2F8D5" box="[866,942,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">malaris</emphasis>
|
||||
and posterolaterally to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB5351DC7455F8D5" box="[1253,1321,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="27">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FB5351DC7455F8D5" box="[1253,1321,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">rictalis</emphasis>
|
||||
. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD985181727BF8F8" box="[558,775,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="27">levator arcus palatine</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD985181727BF8F8" box="[558,775,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">levator arcus palatine</emphasis>
|
||||
is narrower than its insertion and only its posterodorsal fibers are mesial to the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD13506A7229F923" box="[677,853,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="27">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD13506A7229F923" box="[677,853,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dilatator operculi</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0503173DBFA48" blockId="27.[486,1461,339,587]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB050317395F968" bold="true" box="[518,745,339,363]" pageId="27">Dilatator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0503173DBFA48" blockId="27.[486,1461,339,587]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB050317395F968" bold="true" box="[518,745,339,363]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dilatator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC9D50317541F968" box="[811,1085,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="27">dilatator operculi ventralis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC9D50317541F968" box="[811,1085,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dilatator operculi ventralis</emphasis>
|
||||
has a roughly rectangular shape, originating in the posterior margin of the preopercle and inserting on the anterodorsal portion of the dorsal process of the opercle. The
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC4250FC758AF9B5" box="[1012,1270,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="27">dilatator operculi dorsalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC4250FC758AF9B5" box="[1012,1270,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dilatator operculi dorsalis</emphasis>
|
||||
is approximately conical and originates in the ventral margin of the pterotic, sphenotic and dorsal portion of the hyomandibula. The fibers of dorsal and ventral sections are partially continuous near their insertion on the anterodorsal and dorsal part of the dorsal process of the opercle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFAE423FDFE535173E6FA48" box="[584,666,563,587]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-21@19.[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10 | Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Adductor mandibulae dissected in B. LO, anterior not visible in lateral view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." pageId="27">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFAE423FDFE535173E6FA48" box="[584,666,563,587]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[136,209,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-21@19.[180,1415,171,1739]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10 | Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm LEA. A. Lateral view of dorsolateral head muscles; B. Posterior portion of dorsolateral head muscles. Adductor mandibulae dissected in B. LO, anterior not visible in lateral view. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332585/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0531C75EAFB52" blockId="27.[484,1460,638,849]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB0531C73AFFA95" bold="true" box="[518,723,638,662]" pageId="27">Levator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFFAE423FDB0531C75EAFB52" blockId="27.[484,1460,638,849]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FDB0531C73AFFA95" bold="true" box="[518,723,638,662]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Levator operculi.</emphasis>
|
||||
The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC26531C7503FA95" box="[912,1151,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="27">levator operculi anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FC26531C7503FA95" box="[912,1151,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">levator operculi anterior</emphasis>
|
||||
occurs in the posteroventral margin of the pterotic and exoccipital, while its insertion is into a ridge on the dorsal margin of the opercle, posterior to the anterodorsal process of that bone. The origin of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD81538C7241FB05" box="[567,829,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="27">levator operculi posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFFAE423FD81538C7241FB05" box="[567,829,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">levator operculi posterior</emphasis>
|
||||
is in the postotic canal segment corresponding to the supracleithrum and it inserts along a crest at the posterolateral margin of the opercle, with fibers surpassing the dorsal margin of that bone (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFAE423FBF3525A75F5FB52" box="[1093,1161,824,849]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[135,208,1164,1184]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,171,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[136,1459,171,1123]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm" pageId="27">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1345FDA7FFFAE423FBF3525A75F5FB52" box="[1093,1161,824,849]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[135,208,1164,1184]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,171,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[136,1459,171,1123]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Lateral view of dorsolateral musculature of Electrophorus cf. electricus (Gymnotidae), MZUSP 85509, 488.2 mm TL. Anatomical abbreviations in Tab. 1. Scale bar = 10 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13332567/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
581
data/79/4C/4E/794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB.xml
Normal file
581
data/79/4C/4E/794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
|
|||
<document id="B2EE54D44C7FDFA13E80DED5D6E5AB7A" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177" ID-publisher-id="130177" URI-arpha="AF6B90BA-6E8E-5DBB-B90D-28DDC65047C6" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1723818674604" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Yu-Xiao, Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Ru-Li & Zhao, Hu-Gang" docDate="2024" docId="794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 246: 1-14" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 246" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/130177/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Yushania dezhui Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="AF6B90BA6E8E5DBBB90D28DDC65047C6" masterDocTitle="Yushania dezhui (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new bamboo species from Yunnan, China" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1723819043131" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9EAA8CF9951472201EF7949A5686A6F1">
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<mods:title id="7B5977EC005A00FA3935F598BE779DDE">Yushania dezhui (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new bamboo species from Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FBCC6FD294CAC1F0F2EC174ADF4F769F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A4F49C67D2F61884A83EE63ADC92C80D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2DCABBDB3A5E4167881CF856C18C271C">Zhang, Yu-Xiao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B6930F0E8B4BE8D6E676A348FB63CB6" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0602-3118</mods:nameIdentifier>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="11FD62D6D3A3D7A579AC1D13024382D9">Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="63C9CC060C6CED8646A865F74A08F191">Zhang, Chao</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D3F3C86D301C2B4DE724C23A754E2D56" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7114-2459</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="27BF002707C9F5329EC0B83E94BFA3A7">Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="518D8EFEBA868002B79940A31C7A83EB">Zhang, Ru-Li</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C082F4E4C771D4814C08C8683D4AA492">Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China</mods:affiliation>
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|
||||
<mods:namePart id="A36BC38F5C3341BCF1F38E111DE65724">Zhao, Hu-Gang</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="EECA0369A3BD41A0949DA25B0A53CABB">Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="492A54DFAA127D5BCFD92B29573C356F">
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<mods:date id="1275B2AF3387D3404E4C34A4C434BF23">2024</mods:date>
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||||
<mods:detail id="60F0E97AFF36539CFAAC65826CD5F3B5" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="733D7C4D6816281F7D56F327E5BC6EF3">2024-08-16</mods:number>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:detail id="A3E1C69228C883E92EBA81F3D8E1606D" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="349DEBD1FE611E14836810B45FF938F3">246</mods:number>
|
||||
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<mods:classification id="F58754DF93927AB1B49F3BEBF33F8323">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="44DD14F01DCCB5335E87E03E60E07EB1" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177</mods:identifier>
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|
||||
<treatment id="794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13332710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13332710" ID-arpha="794C4E60-7A5B-5D35-80A5-4F059DAE22BB" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77346804-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77346804-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9CC8E764AC17D45818F492DC060D911D" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="28C2F5D8CFFA24AC7EAC2EF00EF6B488">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="39DFAB6656997812CB5B506F28AC430A" authority="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang" authorityName="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dezhui" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="38B56E2A27E4D80EB5EDD40724B10729" italics="true">Yushania dezhui</emphasis>
|
||||
Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C0660DA813EAEFA7B55940B0A8E7C2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E622E9D27FFC464BE2678EC2DAB1B3C6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A4D248E069E59F90CF6D392F8B275FC4">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BA815B90D3028BD8A78186F0D7DC1D61" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yushania dezhui Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A clump B foliage leafy branch C branches D internode and culm leaf." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1114909">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D18621759895563D395B8074DF27F1B2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Habitats of Yushania dezhui Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill, voucher No. CCS 03 B Xiaoshao Village, voucher No. XS 02 C Haikou, voucher No. ZSC 03 D Xundian, voucher No. DSTQ 02. Photos by Yu-Xiao Zhang." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1114910">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="07BD15572C713DF94E9331FC8979AA1D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Yushania dezhui Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A foliage leaves with green sheath B foliage leaves with purple sheath C, D branches E internode with culm leaf F the one-year-old foliage leaf blade, showing the pubescent adaxial epidermis, ab = abaxial epidermis, ad = adaxial epidermis G auricles, oral setae and ligule of the one-year-old foliage leaf, a = auricles, l = ligule, s = oral setae. Photos A – E by Yu-Xiao Zhang F, G by Shun-Shun He." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1114911">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESXAG" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="754D5BB709DBF700859F7D14EE2D3CAB">
|
||||
<heading id="31E13833E290912B1BB8D82051A9C73D" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2919123A13FE919A3BBE26ABD2B66EA6">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AB31F60DCB85BFE4615D5216B2B9E4A" authorityName="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dezhui">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1C67F6C6895ECBA91448926D4595D23F" italics="true">Yushania dezhui</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F2A44F5081C7BCB5807838F03A7BD90" authority="T. P. Yi" authorityName="T. P. Yi" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="856E7BC12BF018D6A6F84180EE3748E3" italics="true">Y. maculata</emphasis>
|
||||
T. P. Yi
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7114823A1FA104A3FA03F3A8D8C5D1E" authority="Hsueh & T. P. Yi" authorityName="Hsueh & T. P. Yi" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polytricha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7EF451476C16C0790CFD467473F7AF6" italics="true">Y. polytricha</emphasis>
|
||||
Hsueh & T. P. Yi
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2153D96E9F5848C37892222DDB64FED5" authority="T. P. Yi" authorityName="T. P. Yi" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="weixiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9158260A3A3F08C9E2033E87BFD3C4B1" italics="true">Y. weixiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
T. P. Yi
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but differs in having rhizome necks much thicker than culms, glabrous culm leaf sheaths, internodes and sheath scars, auricles and oral setae of most foliage leaves usually absent and the one-year-old foliage leaves with pubescence adaxially.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="0A55362C5E0A7EC4C4456599F596DDF4" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177.figure3" ID-arpha="A40DF6D1-9B9E-54ED-AA0A-53180395B6B6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1114909" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5FB82FE9BA764CB48F7BBEF4054253DD">
|
||||
<label id="54BB790FC0881DA55F9F8ED06333B790">Figure 3.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="44F2DB6DC647B0EA4D64BE033EF808E4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E02180DC33B5F834FAC76C365B2B9803" authority="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A" authorityName="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dezhui">
|
||||
<emphasis id="51BB7114CF6F77D71119ED9D5C4F1B39" italics="true">Yushania dezhui</emphasis>
|
||||
Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang
|
||||
<emphasis id="6A803B1B86B304310D2E94D87FFCE021" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
clump
|
||||
<emphasis id="413BAA8CB38B5ADC0270CC7358762A81" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
foliage leafy branch
|
||||
<emphasis id="46E9AAA6274240A7E05B408D51A60B1B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
branches
|
||||
<emphasis id="77D4398D5614CE67F394280AE2A1D670" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
internode and culm leaf.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EE1AG" type="material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="26EA97C406D0DCA536D1A5C8D3E94463">
|
||||
<heading id="8BE90B6508A4179991DE8F7E530BF1D1" reason="title">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="E2E23EF94AB3D4F184745170E186DE91">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1522C18ADA285ABCE889BF1243E4AE50">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="12BB47B09EA927FB79FF6FDB1C955A2D" collectingDate="2023-08-22" collectionCode="Y, KUN, IBSC" collectorName="X. Zhang" country="China" county="Kunming City" elevation="2226" latitude="25.124685" location="Ciba Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.704834" municipality="Panlong District" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="C7958B0E4242D256A652E5820278C32F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6B0BFBCDD139CA5B94988FBC3BEB776E" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="311D3F66FABE7FB0E94F1E0F9821882D">Kunming City</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9E270D067162B6428B3EFC6FBDD9D1C9">Panlong District</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="96AEF4503E6A550228328F6262DA2948" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB:96AEF4503E6A550228328F6262DA2948" country="China" county="Kunming City" latitude="25.124685" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.704834" municipality="Panlong District" name="Ciba Town" stateProvince="Yunnan">Ciba Town</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="5507002AD0C2A7CBE42B0712491C7C0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB:5507002AD0C2A7CBE42B0712491C7C0B" country="China" county="Kunming City" latitude="25.124685" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.704834" municipality="Panlong District" name="Changchong Hill" stateProvince="Yunnan">Changchong Hill</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EN1AG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.704836,25.124686]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="66F4845080994062C8CCDE263D8CEE37" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="28.87" value="25.124685">25 ° 07 ' 28.87 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C2A81449BC1AFDDD623301A8D2D62397" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.41" value="102.704834">102 ° 42 ' 17.41 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="8F912ED47AD3F2EBA1208BEEDA3AC4EC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.226" unit="m" value="2226.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="0A218AD555428F405190BCBC2E0E53F7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.226" unit="m" value="2226.0">2226 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="F3AD39279A23DBD887B18541E5288C93" value="2023-08-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="DA4050402680E9F60F2F5895941B80DE" value="2023-08-22">22 August 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="2063BA5836A9B8C412AB891DD1FAF23B" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="51AC29283CC01DD3FF992BE7144F5E06" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="305F5198A3729526732D263007069DC2">X. Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. CCS 03
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<typeStatus id="301A9F39B750A689CEBC7923D10C3DB1" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="CB99B2DCCAA67D17DF61FD2E0FA0D6D0" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
!;
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF1E587F04191B8AB23044C52D61B72F" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="27E210A6E8C825B087511B1CFD4A8A1F" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="C2D52D4CFF6470850C104398DA0AD116" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177.figure4" ID-arpha="46E98713-CC7C-5C21-BC9E-E58C7B7BE86E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1114910" startId="F4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8AA08701F556C201EEC9E6619CB9FB9F">
|
||||
<label id="68190E70960B98804A432E516071AD24">Figure 4.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="21DEB024B00419C7F14FF25124CFB2DF">
|
||||
Habitats of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DAB61BCDFA1613EFCF8108DCAD1B382E" authority="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill" authorityName="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dezhui">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB7FEF2C8DBF94FE778DEFDE25FF8C45" italics="true">Yushania dezhui</emphasis>
|
||||
Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang
|
||||
<emphasis id="ADDF8C572C68A18FC18397E542928EA9" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
Changchong Hill
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, voucher No. CCS 03
|
||||
<emphasis id="8B64988E8622E5080DA51DD292146747" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
Xiaoshao Village, voucher No. XS 02
|
||||
<emphasis id="5A9503B87E6632A5ED29163B9ED90558" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
Haikou, voucher No. ZSC 03
|
||||
<emphasis id="78AB5D36C7C403F1831B97EEBFF725CF" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
Xundian, voucher No. DSTQ 02. Photos by Yu-Xiao Zhang.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EU2AG" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="76BAEE522413A7F0C75DE5159CD1A2F9">
|
||||
<heading id="E528CB906A28D7130E423B298F52C13F" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2DE46F2B78325DAB17118FE22B1ED16F">
|
||||
Rhizomes pachymorph, necks
|
||||
<quantity id="EAAE6CB4CB24C1427C507026617F3FD1" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.2" unit="cm" value="16.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="2.0">2–30 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="5F5FD0BC2C7D8033AE38358DCBC558A2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, internodes
|
||||
<quantity id="27CF82F207A7192037A37CEE11BC8A70" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.2">0.2–1 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, solid. Culms diffuse,
|
||||
<quantity id="21FEF2A75023EA144D29CC186305019A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.4" unit="m" value="1.1" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–1.8 m</quantity>
|
||||
tall,
|
||||
<quantity id="190590326E478AE16D05E8A48F32182A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, subsolid; internodes
|
||||
<quantity id="DA0D7E345E5B8141EDBF74BB4B53BA2A" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="0.25" unit="cm" value="12.0" valueMax="21.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–21.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, terete, purple-spotted initially, slightly white powdery below the nodes; nodes slightly prominent; sheath scars corky. Branches 3–12, slender and equal. Culm leaves tardily deciduous, ca. 1 / 2 as long as the internode; sheaths glabrous abaxially, green or purple apically, margins ciliate, occasionally white pubescent at the base; auricles linear or absent, usually present on upper culm leaves; oral setae several when auricles present; ligules truncate,
|
||||
<quantity id="4E3B909DB3111264B50B15715A920CD7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
tall, green or purple, margins ciliate or not; blades linear, recurved, glabrous,
|
||||
<quantity id="A3288DB6B3F77B97F6E08F6683B16825" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.3" unit="cm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="0.3">0.3–2.3 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long. Foliage leaves 3–5 per ultimate branch; sheaths glabrous, green, purple or purple-green,
|
||||
<quantity id="DEAE42959BD1339BA7D285DCF0AF03A1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="cm" value="3.85" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–5.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, margins glabrous; auricles and oral setae usually absent, except present on the one-year-old foliage leaves, auricles linear, green or purple; ligules truncate,
|
||||
<quantity id="D297AF0C7DCDE4A2DB8FBC08FEEA7A0F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
tall, green or purple; blades 2.5–12.5 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="04A0DB865E2519991DB2E28D9899ECED" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="cm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.3 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, pubescent adaxially for the one-year-old blades, glabrescent later, glabrous abaxially, secondary veins 2–4 - paired, transverse veins conspicuous, margins serrate on both sides. Inflorescence unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="B0139C362A56EDC6322C05A7405F45A2" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.246.130177.figure5" ID-arpha="F8003B78-9D2B-57E1-9B40-A83AFAFBC07E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1114911" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D77A4A8EBDD20A7990AE279086739A82">
|
||||
<label id="0B7897A8CB299D666EA6380C4392FF15">Figure 5.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FC35C9A4D43509016F040E11CD3469E1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFAAAC6E148488DB4F394760D5F93B68" authority="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A" authorityName="Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang A Changchong Hill" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Yushania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dezhui">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A143AF25F343D28103B3439958D5E8D8" italics="true">Yushania dezhui</emphasis>
|
||||
Y. X. Zhang & R. L. Zhang
|
||||
<emphasis id="20BF1CF4287A94F41A383EA3A445A11E" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
foliage leaves with green sheath
|
||||
<emphasis id="BC292EB0E5BCAAF65D336BE039CEB95B" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
foliage leaves with purple sheath
|
||||
<emphasis id="B8D4105855F88B598DB56AA18FC9D348" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
branches
|
||||
<emphasis id="47358D64DFEAFB927AA3C86008424F4E" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
internode with culm leaf
|
||||
<emphasis id="E96BF6AFD59323C16383952AC9096A9C" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
the one-year-old foliage leaf blade, showing the pubescent adaxial epidermis, ab = abaxial epidermis, ad = adaxial epidermis
|
||||
<emphasis id="0968FFBF9D26C9D284EC06B73BAA7E5B" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
auricles, oral setae and ligule of the one-year-old foliage leaf, a = auricles, l = ligule, s = oral setae. Photos
|
||||
<emphasis id="760B9683B0C33965528C6934177BF1A4" bold="true">A – E</emphasis>
|
||||
by Yu-Xiao Zhang
|
||||
<emphasis id="6A8792613DD2FC68EB1A99998FEF02BB" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="AF0EBA3ABE951F169952E214A2C82BF6" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
by Shun-Shun He.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ED4AG" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3CCB6D8086953A47A0F38D3730E22CA3">
|
||||
<heading id="D5F9F9ABE3FFFAE691D2C6CF8C0CC5E4" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4293E20DFA0BC7717BBBBDCB004F5B8C">New shoots June to August.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI4AG" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4265ACB58A29CCF4CE25B21A5FF1F584">
|
||||
<heading id="35208D8395D6258C6B5B9C3DBE69E12A" reason="title">Distribution and habitat.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A8C1238E7D7994CC7E5A44826F5D079">
|
||||
This new species is found in Kunming,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="10A9953574DC98F3CC201A1D36EEA460" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CECF278EA831F611A7EE104C63260C7C" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. It usually occurs in limestone montane areas at elevations of
|
||||
<quantity id="8743EF17843CA8561B001067C85858D7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" unit="m" value="2250.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2100.0">2100–2400 m</quantity>
|
||||
in the understorey of forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="389B70A44025E1426BE37B553D2BE9D5" authority="(Handel-Mazzetti) A. Camus" authorityName="A. Camus" baseAuthorityName="Handel-Mazzetti" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longispica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6FF8FA06A3D6FFBB84F285697B945031" italics="true">Quercus longispica</emphasis>
|
||||
(Handel-Mazzetti) A. Camus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0BE82A791820E65DA7D7241F8A9DE0F7" authority="Franchet" authorityName="Franchet" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="delavayi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8510F7B81E11DC7AEF631E224ADC42A9" italics="true">Castanopsis delavayi</emphasis>
|
||||
Franchet
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7BB78C5C58B42D30AC83ED735C778F38" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3F880F17A7E38E0B1A514CA8AE354BB8" italics="true">Cupressus</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EL5AG" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="607B9EC5C75C2BEBBC6B1AABC9324F60">
|
||||
<heading id="FB565D4B33F9EA06341EFED56E0A7797" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B477287C7A055763DD36401385EA2D1">The epithet honours Professor De-Zhu Li of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, who has made great contributions to the taxonomy, molecular phylogeny, evolution and biogeography of bamboos and promoted the collaboration of bamboo research around the world.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQ5AG" type="Chinese name">
|
||||
<paragraph id="322B350A8FF49EB54EFCDCF51BF5FBCD">
|
||||
<heading id="09F7525F9C447A1D1247EFB04BECFB5C" reason="title">Chinese name.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="94FFD481AA025916200989086EAA792B">Dé Zhū Yù Shān Zhú (Chinese pronunciation), 德铢玉山竹 (Chinese characters).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EV5AG" type="material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="158B487AFE768D350B58FFF637D83E0C">
|
||||
<heading id="58C7633D02EC6ECBB8406CADA1C24AC9" reason="title">
|
||||
Additional specimens examined (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="B40C4E7133B79F521D56912D1D40E44F" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F6F61CFEB057E81522AA0215E08E575C">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="271199B9523F7A24B7F0A788C8F937CE" collectorName="Kunming City" country="China" location="Yunnan Province" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CD84918C32FB3519229A5AEE6E2A62E4" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="0B5411B14A284CF4BB5FA5028A910EF9" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="F551B7D328F26A625E23F6FF5727395A">Kunming City</collectorName>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="4129455AC7B43DAAABE938D56A682179" collectingDate="2023-06-26" collectionCode="Y, C, KUN" collectorName="X. Zhang" country="China" county="Panlong District" elevation="2211" latitude="25.125513" location="Changchong Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.70698" municipality="Ciba Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="BE1FA99EA9F6BF703C69552060C3BBAE">Panlong District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="3F4864D860274EF0BEF312142003988B">Ciba Town</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="EDB338430D6B68B8E01A3F0D5D6CE57D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB:EDB338430D6B68B8E01A3F0D5D6CE57D" country="China" county="Panlong District" latitude="25.125513" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.70698" municipality="Ciba Town" name="Changchong Hill" stateProvince="Yunnan">Changchong Hill</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E55AG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.706981,25.125514]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4060217097DA0D8CA75AF5B4C68D60E4" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.85" value="25.125513">25 ° 7 ' 31.85 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="888853AAD7A87631CC4E91502D33278F" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="25.13" value="102.70698">102 ° 42 ' 25.13 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="7F225B49101F34954E195DF46D281FA8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.211" unit="m" value="2211.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="A0ABAC2741FA53F707511C20BB889214" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.211" unit="m" value="2211.0">2211 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="471135DEC955675DD9C5B6959E059D39" value="2023-06-26">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="F12FF57C7B2343048D46F878560F3D9C" value="2023-06-26">26 June 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="D36B00C8815B6AD62BAFA9235EA0493C" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="6AD0B5076825C526FA0636EDB5AEBAEA" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="6BA91B9DCA170F4D442449C0671D4228">X. Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectionCode id="0465F7A0DD86C33C89D9C743716895B6" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||||
. ZhangCCS 01
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="7E967968399B770EE1BB7DC94848F784" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="7A841C36DDA2F2FB93C53A7D19E8A40A" collectingDate="2023-08-27" collectionCode="R, L, KUN" collectorName="Zhang" country="China" county="Panlong District" elevation="2314" latitude="25.115356" location="Changchong Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.70157" municipality="Ciba Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
same collection data as for preceding;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EI6AG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.701575,25.115356]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="314356D4B0A0825B89460A67897E13D1" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="6" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="55.28" value="25.115356">25 ° 6 ' 55.28 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="596BAFC4A1700C21D5A49DB2895C74AF" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="5.67" value="102.70157">102 ° 42 ' 5.67 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="B210B50C523D777E83EEAA9D81F88287" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.314" unit="m" value="2314.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="11318495E94E595D08931B2CCF38CEAE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.314" unit="m" value="2314.0">2314 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="4C327218B40A3699886F07611667B5B5" value="2023-08-27">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="538195D4E6E4E75349E0A4811FC6F30F" value="2023-08-27">27 August 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="0D3B2E021567F1AC9BFE20CCC5C7690E" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="CF272E94C701EB4C4552F041889931DF" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="529B87450F7004E0BF0931127F657CB0" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="15413BE502B94B450802FFE581C4FF08">Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. CCS 04
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="2B0C3C274D9449FBB6F1D10D3DB909A4" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C7FD9229475C05792B5C762E669F0892" collectingDate="2023-08-27" collectionCode="R, L, KUN" collectorName="Zhang" country="China" county="Panlong District" elevation="2310" latitude="25.118572" location="Changchong Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.70277" municipality="Ciba Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
same collection data as for preceding;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EU6AG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.702772,25.118572]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D2F25288D460AFECFBDF7D62F1E7BBD4" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="6.86" value="25.118572">25 ° 7 ' 6.86 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0031DCA9A2A5984210893504EF80C10A" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="9.98" value="102.70277">102 ° 42 ' 9.98 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="25CDB6ECCDB8BFCDAC838D73E3012347" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" unit="m" value="2310.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="B485755D5DCA54EEE9F6CF20FD90D688" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" unit="m" value="2310.0">2310 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="4251F19160EB3BB01410A3987F6990C8" value="2023-08-27">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="ECBF6721FC345B61BE38AAA286C54C8D" value="2023-08-27">27 August 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="955A168D36FA4E79CFB2DE9B4A8E3A89" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B38C6F95DE52CE40D51B406ABA7914AC" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B12ED688C0F478A6604A1DA2928DEA7F" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="1DE5FD9C4E6B3BEB4853C3DAE381FCB0">Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
et al
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="5BD2833E7C7562DD330EFC444D17FE29" italics="true">CCS 05</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="1F4F2EAAD03806AF8903A4D9D55FF903" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C3AAAF44B47D319C39A88C01FD81AAC7" collectingDate="2023-06-27" collectionCode="Y, C, KUN" collectorName="X. Zhang & Zhang XS" country="China" county="Panlong District" elevation="2243" latitude="25.186728" location="Xiaoshao Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.74476" municipality="Ciba Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="C3534EC8D17D156DD77DC30359B23EE0">Panlong District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="3CAD4B789525DF7D78930BC8298CB65B">Ciba Town</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="13CBC8CBC34F29A44388A938A1FDA6E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB:13CBC8CBC34F29A44388A938A1FDA6E7" country="China" county="Panlong District" latitude="25.186728" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.74476" municipality="Ciba Town" name="Xiaoshao Village" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xiaoshao Village</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EAABG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.744761,25.186728]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9F3AE0B19EA698A41E91630EFD010B37" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.22" value="25.186728">25 ° 11 ' 12.22 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="88E40D603C82D6C1BD278A847A01BB47" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.14" value="102.74476">102 ° 44 ' 41.14 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="10C4385AD269D4B1F42E24B195358ED5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.243" unit="m" value="2243.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="0C07422935650556505DE0CFFC0C500A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.243" unit="m" value="2243.0">2243 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="F2BEA858B9EAB34F76F6B634EF164685" value="2023-06-27">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="FA940232E8BDB8C9449FD001FC6122E4" value="2023-06-27">27 June 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="EDD3267FF9306FEA0219BF0225200CD2" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="CBBB2FD85BDB0F5AE1062700264EA91B" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="92C75E69BCDB7FB563B91E12A317C3BF">X. Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectionCode id="4B9E946A17AE08FCC82381EB1F2B8392" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="17E5F5843435B6CB3DC30F61230EFCD3">Zhang XS</collectorName>
|
||||
01
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="0D322906149F666971CFABE1D1324D40" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="69AF18E17A31274E42F1184AE8B60FFB" collectingDate="2023-06-27" collectionCode="Y, C, KUN" collectorName="X. Zhang & Zhang XS" country="China" county="Panlong District" elevation="2266" latitude="25.1862" location="Xiaoshao Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.7453" municipality="Ciba Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
same collection data as for preceding;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EKABG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.745306,25.186200]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="26262E3234F4C191165C63B85478D9CB" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.32" value="25.1862">25 ° 11 ' 10.32 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1307A6DAD7B21479E22725E0E292047E" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.1" value="102.7453">102 ° 44 ' 43.1 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="ECAC449D63134B9A51ECE74B38555AF4" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.266" unit="m" value="2266.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="5DEEBCE3C159D5CA91238F2511628E6B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.266" unit="m" value="2266.0">2266 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="3A951D05E50A477475C2D8C0C37A1AC4" value="2023-06-27">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="8C5E52ACD6C08EEFAE0DE45FD37723B7" value="2023-06-27">27 June 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="D821780A249C2F1D2D7309E93967D7C9" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="19B99782CC5E3D6540DAA45F9D3DC9CE" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="CBB2D6AE704E45257FBFD874B343F2CB">X. Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectionCode id="A343ED829678E8F7CB2440D7D1DD4907" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="51325055466A4FA7D7A1A7B41C3D8D3D">Zhang XS</collectorName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
02 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="7C726161545118F3494B997D6AA856BF" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="B4B638A810FC288E1638B3F9A683CF9D" collectingDate="2023-08-18" collectionCode="Y, R, L, KUN" collectorName="X. Zhang & Zhang" country="China" elevation="2147" latitude="24.847248" location="Haikou Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.605484" municipality="Xishan District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="AC60BC0234C231125853544016A9014E">Xishan District</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="E04C23C74D3B6288D554B2DF82288141" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB:E04C23C74D3B6288D554B2DF82288141" country="China" latitude="24.847248" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.605484" municipality="Xishan District" name="Haikou Forest" stateProvince="Yunnan">Haikou Forest</location>
|
||||
Farm;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUABG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.605486,24.847247]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5F994F177A3342B709BA7D474E927F87" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="50.09" value="24.847248">24 ° 50 ' 50.09 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A1F5791DA5D660E64BA8AA53E593594E" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.75" value="102.605484">102 ° 36 ' 19.75 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="5BC937B556B6538D60D21B0088F07325" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.147" unit="m" value="2147.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="6713EACDB8893EE13B2C37BB37289D46" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.147" unit="m" value="2147.0">2147 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="31DE6BAC96A9976DD860E504519F6794" value="2023-08-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="0B3E63DF3C1683AE43A99A8B1984AD50" value="2023-08-18">18 August 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="F2853EC83BFE8A0C9C895838DCADCE5E" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="FA9B6F97921E1BDF7E311A5B30044F97" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="E57F2DA2CAE65541C884AA66A236DA60">X. Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectionCode id="7ADCA43DACE6A349A505A8E1FCC13ABE" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="5756C8CEAEF5E23D90DEBA7DD8813811" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="BCBBE6E1103959C8381D74E3C7717714">Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
ZSC 02
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="9C60F6AF83D6E52CFDACB80F894A5282" italics="true">ZSC 03</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="4D3B7AEED6D2EFD5CC5AD11FFAE043C9" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="DC1CB8815FB9F5CD1670E7D9969C987B" collectingDate="2020-07-25" collectionCode="H, KUN" collectorName="Peng" country="China" elevation="2106" latitude="24.847248" location="Haikou Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.605484" municipality="Xishan District" specimenCode="PHHK 112" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
same collection data as for preceding;
|
||||
<elevation id="5047BB964A62E5EA526A1766F07B9F77" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.106" unit="m" value="2106.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="C916083194D78812A2BA83C6995EF455" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.106" unit="m" value="2106.0">2106 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="EF7808C23BF2E4C1FED0EFA0D0ADF9CD" value="2020-07-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="F94CA32BCBF65C01DF38915AB1A52ECA" value="2020-07-25">25 July 2020</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="F165E5E676F45593913AC660C9FC4B58" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="4203CD0B666A979CBDACCCDBD090434D" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="AB1B94EB330A884BF8C3A222EBB2CC14">Peng</collectorName>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DDEA34396B88F687607D41C5828A6BD7" collectionCode="PHHK">PHHK 112</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="F8EFD1E01B7C52FE5F98532C58E16C42" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
; •
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="4D8C5683C963701E18AA392FC8BA9439" collectingDate="2023-08-21" collectionCode="Y, KUN" collectorName="X. Zhang" country="China" county="Xundian County" elevation="2429" latitude="25.52022" location="Xianfeng Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.07467" specimenCode="DSTQ 02" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="20875D1CFBAE527D3DEA0771047C13DE">Xundian County</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="0D2453C2DD2927FA6194499DFE3D9BFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:794C4E607A5B5D3580A54F059DAE22BB:0D2453C2DD2927FA6194499DFE3D9BFD" country="China" county="Xundian County" latitude="25.52022" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.07467" name="Xianfeng Town" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xianfeng Town</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ECBBG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[103.074667,25.520219]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7E1C7256554A63AD4F5E7AC98DC9CB06" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.79" value="25.52022">25 ° 31 ' 12.79 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3B6274C23C76C91A8F9A852349C124D5" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="28.80" value="103.07467">103 ° 04 ' 28.80 " E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="E5CC7B149A001A53145B1B21BEEEACB9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.429" unit="m" value="2429.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="8572E4516A6D3A73CADAA78EFBBE72D6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.429" unit="m" value="2429.0">2429 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="358DACFBF25F61445ABB81A6E991FD87" value="2023-08-21">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA22BECE7D3AAE58467AAA40F14755D0" value="2023-08-21">21 August 2023</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="59437600E7368CD8ABA68230882F0446" italics="true">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B767F9FCDB7E87D14842E78336F5B276" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="63B0ED8FB00099ACAFF1AA23242E5F7E">X. Zhang</collectorName>
|
||||
et al.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="B7D888B9493587F9D5DE7BE71F94D35C" collectionCode="DSTQ">DSTQ 02</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C0418F76FB3BB4F61E5B2DE16EEEB999" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue