226 lines
26 KiB
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226 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="8DC69FBD73E3CAE35D1DC69EE102F5B2" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2020.9.4.492" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139285" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722386349428" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Podenas, Sigitas, Park, Sun-Jae, Byun, Hye-Woo, Kim, A-Young, Klein, Terry A. & Aukštikalnienė, Heung-Chul Kim and Rasa" docDate="2020" docId="B327879E5313A63AFC89701AFD4EFAA3" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.9.4.492-531.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 9 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Dicranophragma Osten Sacken 1860" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="509" masterDocId="4F1EFFE65303A62BFFA0721DFFF5FFA6" masterDocTitle="New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea" masterLastPageNumber="531" masterPageNumber="492" pageNumber="508" updateTime="1722386947790" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FFCFF6A8028700B75182B2565B94A524">
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<mods:title id="DBD990D50C5349F77C926D9FE1909B7A">New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CEDF613301B19FCFD6165F76737F1D28" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="86B29BBE9EA37EA14F8694ACD2DD4496">Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F5FD5D3567A4FED86DF6AD981592E8BE">Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT- 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania & Life Sciences Center of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5C556C380B56A1C969123A448998CCFA" type="email">sigitas.podenas@gamtc.lt</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="111CCB269BE14B9C22AD61C31771F878">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2B6FD7759C1D3491858FB3AE255AA0E6">Park, Sun-Jae</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F72114D9BFD575A99A4F7AD64F584CC2">Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FE7FFD86917D3AC457FC776990BE5444" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="130AF283BDCF5A482053FD302835E971">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="019A1CD627C45C38D87CF522BE8195D9">Byun, Hye-Woo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="43562B70DF8A7E97CFB348BBD06BE75F">Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D6F0B09B4FD778DCC96EDD924C5C2388" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="45606F149DBF24AAD6399C70728CD616">Kim, A-Young</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="133FC6AC2BA2C200B3E434E098127927">Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="29E9FA1AFF9C52A5FD6F9119BEEBA32F">Klein, Terry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="658BA0520C3702A6800906D952021FB2">Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea (MEDDAC-K) / 65 th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96271</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="AE9DE809632E236A0F61A8E8AEA1B779" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7B94ACD6699A8AAAE1170608AEAC470C">Aukštikalnienė, Heung-Chul Kim and Rasa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E9860E4A13175A3203E4B39637E417C8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="93B5676C9655B943950121907290B7B9">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="76EDA7C53CC4F503E263593FB693856A">
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<mods:date id="EC690CF12B54160317EF1E7EA52FE745">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F08421BEF89E86268176D9AF0962A7FB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E77FF4B84E2A900205A74D5AE59A02E4">9</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2F8C0ED7D175229A58EFA006D2AD4C7C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="03D1CF233C42C1AFF83E8EE51A5B1887">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B66B53E534587F290CAC4C1B3D0D2225">492</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1F3E162A94BBCE2AF9E5044A18DFF535">531</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="76EC08774FB224C34AA0E5357236A4CF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2D2AE1E1853AB722397878E4804DE0F4" type="DOI">10.12651/JSR.2020.9.4.492</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E529E0916041D2A3F5E525E210467A15" type="ISSN">2713-8615</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FC941DD9DB55F1975A98766B85873FBE" type="Zenodo-Dep">13139285</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B327879E5313A63AFC89701AFD4EFAA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5313A63AFC89701AFD4EFAA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B327879E5313A63AFC89701AFD4EFAA3" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<subSubSection id="739465035313A63BFC89701AFB3FFDB9" box="[809,1226,519,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC89701AFB3FFDB9" blockId="16.[809,1414,519,704]" box="[809,1226,519,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<heading id="607981E45313A63BFC89701AFB3FFDB9" bold="true" box="[809,1226,519,543]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5313A63BFC89701AFB3FFDB9" ID-CoL="87GTP" authority="Osten Sacken, 1860" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1860" box="[809,1226,519,543]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC89701AFB3FFDB9" bold="true" box="[809,1226,519,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC89701AFC12FDB9" bold="true" box="[809,999,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFC4D701AFB3FFDB9" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[1005,1226,519,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="739465035313A63BFC89703AFB1DFD26" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC89703AFB64FDC6" blockId="16.[809,1414,519,704]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1B9E11A65313A63BFC89703AFB64FDC6" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995313A63BFC89703AFC9CFDC6" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." page="241" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" year="1860">
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5313A63BFC89703AFC9CFDC6" authority="Osten Sacken, 1860: 240 - 241" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityPageNumber="240 - 241" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Dicranophragma">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC89703AFC57FD99" box="[809,930,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Limnophila</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC0E703AFB96FD99" box="[942,1123,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFBD27035FC9CFDC6" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860: 240- 241</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995313A63BFCD37055FB7BFDC6" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[883,1166,584,608]" page="381" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" year="1943">
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFCD37055FB7BFDC6" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[883,1166,584,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="196 - 486" refId="ref38742" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1943. Family Tipulidae. In: Crampton, G. C. et al., Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part VI. The Diptera or true flies of Connecticut. First Fascicle. Bulletin Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey 64: 196 - 486." type="journal article" year="1943">Alexander, 1943: 381-382</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC897075FB1DFD26" blockId="16.[809,1414,519,704]" box="[809,1256,616,640]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1B9E11A65313A63BFC897075FB1DFD26" box="[809,1256,616,640]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995313A63BFC897075FB10FD26" author="Stary, J. & H. Reuch" box="[809,1253,616,640]" page="209" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" year="2009">
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5313A63BFC897075FB10FD26" ID-CoL="87GTP" authority="Stary, Reuch, 2009: 209" authorityName="Stary, Reuch" authorityPageNumber="209" authorityYear="2009" box="[809,1253,616,640]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC897075FC2AFD26" box="[809,991,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFC457075FB10FD26" author="Stary, J. & H. Reuch" box="[997,1253,616,640]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="207 - 217" refId="ref40833" refString="Stary, J. and H. Reuch. 2009. European species of the subgenus Brachylimnophila (Diptera: Limoniidae). Entomologica Fennica 19: 207 - 217." type="journal article" year="2009">Starý, Reuch, 2009: 209</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="739465035313A63AFC897094FD4EFAA3" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC897094FC01FD66" blockId="16.[809,1414,519,704]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55313A63BFC897094FC05FD66" location="North America" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="E435882A5313A63BFC897094FCA8FD07" box="[809,861,649,673]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5313A63BFC1E7095FA73FD06" authority="Osten Sacken, 1860" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1860" box="[958,1414,648,672]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscovaria">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC1E7095FB59FD06" box="[958,1196,648,672]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Limnophila fuscovaria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFB137095FA73FD06" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[1203,1414,648,672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<location id="3E5160535313A63BFCE670B5FC1CFD66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5313A63AFC89701AFD4EFAA3:3E5160535313A63BFCE670B5FC1CFD66" box="[838,1001,680,704]" name="North America" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">North America</location>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F70F4FC71FCA7" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" box="[831,900,745,769]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Adult.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F7114FB6BFCC4" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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Small crane flies with body length
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<quantity id="FC769B6D5313A63BFB717114FAA0FC87" box="[1233,1365,777,801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5-7.5 mm</quantity>
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and wing length
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<quantity id="FC769B6D5313A63BFC167134FBC8FCE7" box="[950,1085,809,834]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="6.8" valueMax="8.2" valueMin="5.4">5.4-8.2 mm</quantity>
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. Body coloration varies from yellow, gray, brown, to dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F7177FC4AFB82" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Head: Rounded posteriorly without neck-like extension. Vertex wide without or with small indistinct tubercle. Antenna 16-segmented, usually longer in male, reaching from frontal margin of prescutum to wing base, if bent backwards. Verticils long and distinct, longer than respective segments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F7631FBF5F9EE" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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Thorax: Prothorax elongate. Mesonotal prescutum with small distinct separate tubercular pits at frontal margin, pseudosutural fovea distinct, sclerite usually with longitudinal stripes. Pleuron with bare katepisternum and small reduced meron, thus middle and posterior coxae close to each other. Wing long and narrow, cells without macrotrichiae. Venation:
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC7D76F0FBDEFAA3" box="[989,1067,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">arculus</emphasis>
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missing, vein
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFB6B76F3FB11FAA3" box="[1227,1252,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Sc</emphasis>
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long, reaching wing margin at or beyond branching point of
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFAA77713FAD4FA83" box="[1287,1313,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Rs</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFA8F7713FABCFA83" box="[1327,1353,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Rs</emphasis>
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long, arched at base; cell
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFBA67733FBECFAE1" box="[1030,1049,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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r
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<subScript id="A70A34CD5313A63BFBB0772BFBECFAE1" attach="left" box="[1040,1049,1334,1351]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">3</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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with short stem; cell
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFAAC7733FADCFAE1" box="[1292,1321,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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m
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<subScript id="A70A34CD5313A63BFA80772BFADCFAE1" attach="left" box="[1312,1321,1334,1351]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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present, deep in some species, very small in other, sometimes missing in some specimens; discal cell always present, elongate; cross-vein
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFBAC7792FBB7FA00" box="[1036,1090,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">m-cu</emphasis>
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close to the middle of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous, reaching wing margin close to the level of
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFB8F77CDFBBCFA41" box="[1071,1097,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Rs</emphasis>
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base. Anal cell long and narrow. Wing squama setoseless. All legs with tibial spurs, usually foreleg with single spur, middle and posterior legs with two spurs each.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F744DFBD7F86D" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
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Abdomen: Tergites with paired transverse sutures. Male terminalia approximately as wide as the rest abdominal segments, slightly elongate. Ninth tergite wider than longer, simple, without additional structures. Gonocoxite strongly elongate, more than twice as long as wide, interbase well developed, often spoon-shaped, two pairs of terminal gonostyli, outer gonostylus long and narrow, usually bidentate at apex, inner gonostylus fleshy and setose. Aedeagus usually short and straight, curved in
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFACC754EFA8AF8CC" box="[1388,1407,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">D</emphasis>
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. (
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5313A63BFC91756FFC20F82C" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1979" box="[817,981,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" genus="Mixolimnomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC91756FFC20F82C" box="[817,981,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Mixolimnomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFC46756EFB6AF82D" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[998,1183,1907,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="482 - 485" refId="ref40506" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1979. A new subgenus and a new species of limoniid-flies from the genus Neolimnomyia Seguy (Diptera, Limoniidae). Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrayinskoyi RSR (B) 1979: 482 - 485 (in Ukrainian), 484 - 487 (in Russian, Doklady edition) (with English summary)." type="journal article" year="1979">Savchenko, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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. Ovipositor with long and narrow cerci and hypovalvae, distal part of cercus slightly raised upwards.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657318FF07FE59" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">
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A total of 49 species belong to
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5312A63AFDA97318FD4AFEBB" authorityName="Stary, Reuch" authorityYear="2009" box="[521,703,261,285]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFDA97318FD4AFEBB" box="[521,703,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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worldwide (
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFF507338FE30FE9B" author="Oosterbroek, P." box="[240,453,293,317]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek, 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). They are divided into three subgenera, two of them,
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFE1D735BFE25FEFB" box="[445,464,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">D</emphasis>
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. (
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5312A63AFE457358FD50FEFB" box="[485,677,325,349]" pageId="17" pageNumber="531" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachylimnophila">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFE457358FD50FEFB" box="[485,677,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Brachylimnophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) Alexan- der, 1966 and
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFEE8737BFEAEFEDB" box="[328,347,358,381]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">D</emphasis>
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. (
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5312A63AFED0737BFDD0FED8" authorityName="Stary, Reuch" authorityYear="2009" box="[368,549,358,382]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFED0737BFDD0FED8" box="[368,549,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFD96737BFCFEFED8" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[566,779,358,382]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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occur in
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<collectingCountry id="439976185312A63AFEB0739AFEA1FE38" box="[272,340,391,414]" name="South Korea" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Korea</collectingCountry>
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, another,
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFE1F739AFE27FE38" box="[447,466,391,414]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">D</emphasis>
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. (
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5312A63AFE48739BFD65FE38" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1979" box="[488,656,390,414]" class="Insecta" genus="Mixolimnomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFE48739BFD65FE38" box="[488,656,390,414]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Mixolimnomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFD06739BFEF8FE18" author="Savchenko, E. N." pageId="17" pageNumber="509" pagination="482 - 485" refId="ref40506" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1979. A new subgenus and a new species of limoniid-flies from the genus Neolimnomyia Seguy (Diptera, Limoniidae). Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrayinskoyi RSR (B) 1979: 482 - 485 (in Ukrainian), 484 - 487 (in Russian, Doklady edition) (with English summary)." type="journal article" year="1979">Savchenko, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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) has only one species, recorded from Caucasus Mountains only. No fossil species are described (
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFD0373DAFF12FE59" author="Evenhuis, N. L." pageId="17" pageNumber="509" refId="ref39469" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. 2014. Family Limoniidae. In: Catalog of the fossil flies of the world (Insecta: Diptera) website [Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / fossilcat / fosslimoniidae. html Version 16 Feb 2014]." type="url" year="2014">Evenhuis, 2014</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657015FEFCFDB9" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" box="[197,265,520,543]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Larva.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF65703AFE79FCE7" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">
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Light brown, up to
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<quantity id="FC769B6D5312A63AFE3D7035FE2FFD99" box="[413,474,552,576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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long. Head capsule heavily reduced. Mandible large, sickle shaped. Maxilla elongate, inner and outer lobes fused. Hypopharyngeal bar present on ventral side. Spiracular disk surrounded by five short lobes and entirely fringed with short marginal hairs. Ventral lobe is the longest, dorsal short and blunt, sclerites on lateral and ventral lobes V-shaped, dorsal lobe not pigmented, but lined with longitudinal stripes, ventral lobe with long apical seta.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657157FEF5FCC7" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" box="[197,256,842,865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Pupa.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657177FD27FB43" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">
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Length up to
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<quantity id="FC769B6D5312A63AFEFB7177FE6EFC24" box="[347,411,874,898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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. Head, pronotal horns, sheaths of wings and legs dark brown, abdomen light brown. Cephalic crest prominent. Pronotal horns short, cylindrical, slightly narrowed apically. Mesonotum unarmed. Wing sheaths short, reaching distal margin of second abdominal segment. Sheaths of legs reaching base of fourth abdominal segment. Abdominal segments divided by transverse groove into anterior and posterior parts, anterior part with eight slender tubercles on dorsal surface, posterior part with a transverse row of spines. Spiracles present. Terminal end of male blunt, with additional spines. Terminal segment of female elongated, with additional spines.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF6576F0FD4EFAA3" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" box="[197,699,1261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Preimaginal stages develop in rich organic mud.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |