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<document id="F89A79D815360C9326D1BF3B3A1580F9" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2020.9.4.455" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139332" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722386577364" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Choi, Jung Min, Jung, Jae-Ho &amp; Kim, Jung-Hoon Kang and Young-Ok" docDate="2020" docId="03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.9.4.455-461.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 9 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Aspidisca polypoda Kahl 1932" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="457" masterDocId="FF83541F9769F56F5B675855EF03830D" masterDocTitle="New record of four ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from rocky intertidal pools of South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="461" masterPageNumber="455" pageNumber="456" updateTime="1722386985407" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="72F9DD4F2133677BDD29BF3A47DEFE37">New record of four ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from rocky intertidal pools of South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="204DE32A6DDF7EA8F2F5464E8B4E9B8C">Choi, Jung Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C7435C3F270960756C95401E8CF04A03">Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science &amp; Technology (KIOST), Busan, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9952D3893519E0AEA7E708F644CD7567">Jung, Jae-Ho</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="41EBD9CF1281CC17F98B22F3DC42B445">Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="EA46371F29DC1F5D8CD553969D8CFCA6">Kim, Jung-Hoon Kang and Young-Ok</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="27BDD5132FFDD6B8B120CECC0AE60F5E">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="255E07F37DDEBC39E737893DE8F7D04D">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AF3D53CDF966E5234A911E571AFAE1D1">9</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="01F23088EE3451578CA5A5C385317AB9" type="DOI">10.12651/JSR.2020.9.4.455</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1C043E85937A5D808F5ABCC95F8DD141" type="ISSN">2713-8615</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139343" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA9768F56E584E5B64EA858044" box="[809,1414,817,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D719768F56E584E5B64EA858044" blockId="1.[809,1414,817,842]" box="[809,1414,817,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<heading id="D0E42A1D9768F56E584E5B64EA858044" bold="true" box="[809,1414,817,842]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E584E5B64EA858044" bold="true" box="[809,1414,817,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
1.
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F29768F56E58265B64EA368044" ID-CoL="HF8V" authority="(Dujardin, 1841) Kahl, 1932" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[833,1333,817,842]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polypoda">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E58265B64EB048044" bold="true" box="[833,1031,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Aspidisca polypoda</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E0809768F56E5F765B64EBB58044" author="Dujardin, F." box="[1041,1206,817,841]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" refId="ref3556" refString="Dujardin, F. 1841. Histoire Naturelle des Zoophytes. Infusoires, comprenant la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux, et la maniere de les etudier a l'aide du microscope. Librairie Encyclopedique De Roret, Paris (in French)." type="book" year="1841">Dujardin, 1841</bibRefCitation>
) Kahl, 1932
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132881F49768F56E5E265B64EA7E8044" box="[1345,1405,817,841]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[144,177,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[264,1280,1198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-220@1.[264,1292,1198,1825]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 2. Photomicrographs of Aspidisca polypoda from living specimens (A-D), protargol impregnated specimens (E, F), and illustrations (G-J). A. Ventral view showing posterior part of the adoral membranelles (arrowhead). B. Eight distinctive ridges (arrowheads) and contractile vacuole (arrow). C. Anterior part of the adoral membranelles (arrowhead). D. Separated into two parts of leftmost transverse cirri (arrowhead). E, F. Ventral and dorsal view of stained specimens. G-J. Illustrations showing main characteristics.AZM 1 and 2, adoral zone of membranelles 1 and 2; CV, contractile vacuole; DK, dorsal kineties; FVC, frontoventral cirri; MA, macronucleus; TC, transverse cirri. Scale bars: 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA9768F56E584E5B27EB548706" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D719768F56E584E5B27EB548706" blockId="1.[809,1414,882,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E584E5B27EB0B8087" bold="true" box="[809,1032,882,906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7B972C9768F56E5F775B27EB518706" collectingDate="2012-04-23" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="37.685833" location="Marine" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.04224" municipality="Gangneung-si" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8ECCCBAA9768F56E5F775B27EB5F8087" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B:8ECCCBAA9768F56E5F775B27EB5F8087" box="[1040,1116,882,906]" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="37.685833" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.04224" municipality="Gangneung-si" name="Marine" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Marine</location>
water (temperature 11.5°C; salinity 34.0; pH 8.6) collected from
<location id="8ECCCBAA9768F56E5FD95BC7EC4C80C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B:8ECCCBAA9768F56E5FD95BC7EC4C80C7" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="37.685833" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.04224" municipality="Gangneung-si" name="Jeongdongjin Harbor" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Jeongdongjin Harbor</location>
,
<location id="8ECCCBAA9768F56E583C5BE7EB0B80C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B:8ECCCBAA9768F56E583C5BE7EB0B80C7" box="[859,1032,946,970]" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="37.685833" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.04224" municipality="Gangneung-si" name="Jeongdongjin-ri" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Jeongdongjin-ri</location>
,
<location id="8ECCCBAA9768F56E5F715BE7EBD880C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C679768F56D584E5B64EA9E869B:8ECCCBAA9768F56E5F715BE7EBD880C7" box="[1046,1243,946,970]" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="37.685833" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.04224" municipality="Gangneung-si" name="Gangdong-myeon" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Gangdong-myeon</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8070B9768F56E5F8F5BE7EA8280C7" box="[1256,1409,946,970]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Gangneung-si</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CDE5FD9768F56E584E5B86ECB780E6" box="[809,948,979,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Gangwon-do</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE19768F56E58D85B86EB4780E7" box="[959,1092,979,1003]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE27FBB69768F56E5F375B86EBCE80E7" box="[1104,1229,977,1003]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" precision="15" seconds="09" value="37.685833">37°41′09″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE27FBB69768F56E5FB25B86EA5F80E6" box="[1237,1372,977,1003]" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" precision="15" seconds="32" value="129.04224">129°02′32″E</geoCoordinate>
) on
<date id="FFADBBB19768F56E584E5BA6ECC18706" box="[809,962,1011,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" value="2012-04-23">
<collectingDate id="EFE942599768F56E584E5BA6ECC18706" box="[809,962,1011,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" value="2012-04-23">April 23, 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<figureCitation id="132881F49768F56E58AA5BA6EB0F8706" box="[973,1036,1011,1035]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[144,177,1056,1078]" captionTargetBox="[146,747,369,1023]" captionTargetId="figure-184@1.[144,749,367,1025]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Map of the sampling stations in South Korea. Each station (marked with red circles) located at three intertidal zones of the Korean Peninsula (St. 1-3) and Baekdo Island (St. 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
; St. 1)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA9768F56D584E5C46EE8986DA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D719768F56D584E5C46EE8986DA" blockId="1.[809,1414,882,1132]" lastBlockId="2.[174,779,1245,1979]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E584E5C46ECA38726" bold="true" box="[809,928,1043,1067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body size 22-40 × 21-35 μm, length:width ratio about 1.3:
<quantity id="4CEB30949768F56E58BC5C61EB078746" box="[987,1028,1076,1100]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" unit="in" value="1.0">
1
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E58885C61EB078746" box="[1007,1028,1076,1099]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">in</emphasis>
</quantity>
vivo; 30-40 × 22-32 after protargol impregnation; outline bean-shaped with snout-like
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5BC958FCEE3D83B3" box="[174,318,169,190]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<date id="FFADBBB1976BF56D5BC958FCEE3D83B3" box="[174,318,169,190]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" value="2020-11">November 2020</date>
</emphasis>
Choi
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D59E458FCEDA883B3" box="[643,683,169,190]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">et al</emphasis>
. Four new ciliate records from
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D58AE58FCEB0383B3" box="[969,1024,169,190]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Korea</collectingCountry>
457 anterior portion; 8 prominent dorsal ridges; 1 inverted U-shaped macronucleus; contractile vacuole below transverse cirri; adoral zone of membranelles split into anterior and posterior part and each with 4-5 and 9-11 membranelles respectively; 7 frontoventral cirri; 6 transverse cirri including almost conjoined leftmost 2 cirri; 4 dorsal kineties each with about 8, 9, 9, 9 basal bodies, from left to right, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6CCDF99768F56E5BF75C75ED768766" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" startId="1.[144,177,1056,1078]" targetBox="[146,747,369,1023]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D719768F56E5BF75C75ED768766" blockId="1.[144,748,1056,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E5BF75C75EFCF8738" bold="true" box="[144,204,1056,1078]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
Map of the sampling stations in South Korea. Each station (marked with red circles) located at three intertidal zones of the Korean Peninsula (St. 1-3) and Baekdo Island (St. 4).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6CCDF99768F56E5BF75F14EE3484D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139336" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" startId="1.[144,177,1857,1879]" targetBox="[264,1280,1198,1822]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D719768F56E5BF75F14EE3484D1" blockId="1.[144,1415,1857,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E5BF75F14EFCD845B" bold="true" box="[144,206,1857,1879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Photomicrographs of
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F29768F56E5AF95F14ED51845B" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[414,594,1857,1878]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polypoda">
<emphasis id="B96741639768F56E5AF95F14ED51845B" box="[414,594,1857,1878]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Aspidisca polypoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from living specimens (A- D), protargol impregnated specimens (E, F), and illustrations (G- J). A. Ventral view showing posterior part of the adoral membranelles (arrowhead). B. Eight distinctive ridges (arrowheads) and contractile vacuole (arrow). C. Anterior part of the adoral membranelles (arrowhead). D. Separated into two parts of leftmost transverse cirri (arrowhead). E, F. Ventral and dorsal view of stained specimens. G- J. Illustrations showing main characteristics. AZM 1 and 2, adoral zone of membranelles 1 and 2; CV, contractile vacuole; DK, dorsal kineties; FVC, frontoventral cirri; MA, macronucleus; TC, transverse cirri. Scale bars: 20 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976BF56D591E5A7AEA8080FD" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">B A C E F D G I H J</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6CCDF9976BF56D5BC95C43EA04879B" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" startId="2.[174,206,1046,1068]" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976BF56D5BC95C43EA04879B" blockId="2.[174,1444,1046,1175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5BC95C43EFEA8726" bold="true" box="[174,233,1046,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
Photomicrographs of
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976BF56D5AD65C43EDD98726" baseAuthorityName="Claparede &amp; Lachmann" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[433,730,1046,1067]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Epiclintidae" genus="Epiclintes" kingdom="Chromista" order="Stichotrichida" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="subSpecies" species="auricularis" subSpecies="auricularis">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5AD65C43EDD98726" box="[433,730,1046,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Epiclintes auricularis auricularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from living specimens (A- G), protargol impregnated specimens (H- J). A. Ventral view of typical individual. B. Conspicuous adoral zone in anterior portion. C. Transverse cirri (arrowhead) in posterior portion. D. Lateral view showing dorsal bristles located on papillae (arrowheads). E- G. Highly-flexible body. H. Ventral view of stained specimen. I, J. Variation in numbers of leftmost frontal cirri (arrowheads). AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; FC, frontal cirri; FVR, fronto-midventral row; LMR, left marginal row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; RMR, right marginal row; TC, transverse cirri. Scale bars: A= 100 μm, H =50 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976BF56D5BC95D8AEFF6851A" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976BF56D5BC95D8AEFF6851A" blockId="2.[174,779,1245,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5BC95D8AEE4386FA" bold="true" box="[174,320,1503,1527]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D5A205D8AEEBA86FA" box="[327,441,1503,1527]" name="Antarctica" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D5AA25DB5ED1386FA" box="[453,528,1504,1527]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D597A5D8AED8286FA" box="[541,641,1503,1527]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D59E95D8AEDDB86FA" box="[654,728,1503,1527]" name="Russia" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Russia</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D5BC95E55EFF2851A" box="[174,241,1536,1559]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976BF56D5BC95E75EA9E869B" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976BF56D5BC95E75EDB785F4" blockId="2.[174,779,1245,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5BC95E75EE188535" bold="true" box="[174,283,1568,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976BF56D5A445E75EEF78535" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[291,500,1568,1592]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polypoda">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5A445E75EEF78535" box="[291,500,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Aspidisca polypoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished by seven or eight conspicuous dorsal ribs (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976BF56D593F5E15EDFD8555" author="Dujardin, F." box="[600,766,1600,1624]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" refId="ref3556" refString="Dujardin, F. 1841. Histoire Naturelle des Zoophytes. Infusoires, comprenant la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux, et la maniere de les etudier a l'aide du microscope. Librairie Encyclopedique De Roret, Paris (in French)." type="book" year="1841">Dujardin, 1841</bibRefCitation>
), which coincides with this Korean population. Our population differs from the Antarctic population by basal body number of dorsal kineties 1-4 (ca. 8, 9, 9, 9 vs. ca. 4, 5, 6, 6, respectively) that might be caused by a distinct sampling localities/habitats (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976BF56D5ACC5EB4EDAB85F4" author="Song, W. &amp; N. Wilbert" box="[427,680,1761,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref4766" refString="Song, W. and N. Wilbert. 2002. Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and, 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozool 41: 23 - 61." type="journal article" year="2002">Song and Wilbert, 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976BF56D5BA25F57EC888618" blockId="2.[174,779,1245,1979]" lastBlockId="2.[839,1444,1245,1431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
Among the other congeners with similar morphology to
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976BF56D5BC95F77EE2D8437" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[174,302,1826,1850]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polypoda">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5BC95F77EE2D8437" box="[174,302,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">A. polypoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976BF56D5A5A5F77ED6D8437" authority="Buddenbrock, 1920" authorityName="Buddenbrock" authorityYear="1920" box="[317,622,1826,1850]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="steini">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5A5A5F77EE978434" box="[317,404,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">A. steini</emphasis>
Buddenbrock, 1920
</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976BF56D5A445F17EEA98457" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[291,426,1858,1882]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="polypoda">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D5A445F17EEA98457" box="[291,426,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">A. polypoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the number of dorsal ridges (absent or four vs. eight).
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976BF56D59675F37ED328496" authority="(Muller, 1786) Claparede &amp; Lachmann, 1858" authorityName="Claparede &amp; Lachmann" authorityYear="1858" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1786" class="Hypotrichea" family="Aspidiscidae" genus="Aspidisca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Euplotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="cicada">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D59675F37EDB18477" box="[512,690,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Aspidisca cicada</emphasis>
(Müller, 1786)
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976BF56D5B955FD6ED328496" author="Claparede, E. &amp; J. Lachmann" box="[242,561,1923,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" refId="ref3523" refString="Claparede, E. and J. Lachmann. 1858. Etudes sur les infusoires et les rhizopodes. Mem Inst natn genev 5 (year 1857) (in French)." type="journal volume" year="1858">Claparède &amp; Lachmann, 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs by pattern of frontoventral cirri (lynceus- arrangement vs. polystyla-arrangement) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976BF56D58835C88EBCD87F8" author="Wu, I. C. H. &amp; C. R. Curds" box="[996,1230,1245,1269]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref4817" refString="Wu, I. C. H. and C. R. Curds. 1979. A guide to the species of the genus Aspidisca. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Zool 36: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1979">Wu and Curds, 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976BF56D5FBB5C88EC7C8618" author="Song, W. &amp; N. Wilbert" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" pagination="413 - 444" refId="ref4719" refString="Song, W. and N. Wilbert. 1997. Morphological investigations on some free living ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from China Sea with description of a new hypotrichous genus, Hemigastrostyla nov. gen. Arch Protistenk 148: 413 - 444." type="journal article" year="1997">Song and Wilbert, 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976BF56D58205D4BEA9E869B" blockId="2.[839,1444,1245,1431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="B9674163976BF56D58205D4BECF6863B" bold="true" box="[839,1013,1310,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Voucher slides.</emphasis>
Two slides with protargol-impregnated specimens was deposited at National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBRPR0000110829) and
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976BF56D5E615D0AEA45867B" box="[1286,1350,1375,1398]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Korea</collectingCountry>
Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

163
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<mods:title id="8FD67BB58E98EB11F98B84E35F366DA9">New record of four ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from rocky intertidal pools of South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C21B8DA0BCC22A90649D8E43AE528B40">Choi, Jung Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D486924CE2E97238A87ACA3E9930B1D3">Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science &amp; Technology (KIOST), Busan, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="035AD61C99CCC22F063EA85542FBCC6C">Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03BA2C67976AF56B584E5EA4EA9E86E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139345" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976AF56B584E5EA4EA9E86E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA2C67976AF56B584E5EA4EA9E86E4" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976AF56C584E5EA4EA5A8404" box="[809,1369,1777,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976AF56C584E5EA4EA5A8404" blockId="3.[809,1369,1777,1801]" box="[809,1369,1777,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
<heading id="D0E42A1D976AF56C584E5EA4EA5A8404" bold="true" box="[809,1369,1777,1801]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9674163976AF56C584E5EA4EA5A8404" bold="true" box="[809,1369,1777,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
3.
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976AF56C58235EA4EA008404" ID-CoL="4NTBH" authority="Song, 1991" authorityName="Song" authorityYear="1991" box="[836,1283,1777,1801]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Chilodonellidae" genus="Pseudochilodonopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cyrtophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="B9674163976AF56C58235EA4EB828404" bold="true" box="[836,1153,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Pseudochilodonopsis marina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976AF56C5FEF5EA4EA008404" author="Song, W." box="[1160,1283,1777,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" pagination="79 - 86" refId="ref4582" refString="Song, W. 1991. Morphology and Infraciliature of Pseudochilodonopsis marina nov. spec. (Protozoa: Ciliophora), a Marine Ciliate from Qingdao (P. R. China). Zool Jb Syst 118: 79 - 86." type="journal article" year="1991">Song, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132881F4976AF56C5E685EA4EA528404" box="[1295,1361,1777,1801]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[144,177,1121,1143]" captionTargetBox="[434,1124,257,1084]" captionTargetId="figure-383@3.[434,1124,257,1089]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Pseudochilodonopsis marina from living specimens (A-C) and protargol impregnated specimens (D, E). A. Ventral view of typical individual. B. Two contractile vacuoles (arrowheads). C. Lateral view. D, E. Ventral and dorsal view of stained specimens. Cs, cytostome; LSK, left somatic kineties; Ma, macronucleus; Pr, preoral kineties; RSK, right somatic kineties. TF, terminal fragment. Scale bars: 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139338/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976AF56C584E5F67EBD984A6" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976AF56C584E5F67EBD984A6" blockId="3.[809,1414,1842,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="B9674163976AF56C584E5F67EB048447" bold="true" box="[809,1031,1842,1866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7B972C976AF56C5F685F67EBD584A6" collectingDate="2012-04-22" country="South Korea" county="Nam-gu" latitude="35.09944" location="Marine" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.12361" municipality="Yongho-dong" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Busan">
<location id="8ECCCBAA976AF56C5F685F67EB588447" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976AF56B584E5EA4EA9E86E4:8ECCCBAA976AF56C5F685F67EB588447" box="[1039,1115,1842,1866]" country="South Korea" county="Nam-gu" latitude="35.09944" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.12361" municipality="Yongho-dong" name="Marine" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" stateProvince="Busan">Marine</location>
water (temperature 14.5°C; salinity 32.5; pH 8.5) collected from
<location id="8ECCCBAA976AF56C5FB65F07EA368467" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976AF56B584E5EA4EA9E86E4:8ECCCBAA976AF56C5FB65F07EA368467" box="[1233,1333,1874,1898]" country="South Korea" county="Nam-gu" latitude="35.09944" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.12361" municipality="Yongho-dong" name="Oryukdo" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" stateProvince="Busan">Oryukdo</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8070B976AF56C5E245F07EC808487" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Yongho-dong</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CDE5FD976AF56C58EA5F26ECE58486" box="[909,998,1907,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Nam-gu</collectingCounty>
,
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,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976AF56C5F585F27EBC08487" box="[1087,1219,1906,1930]" name="South Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE27FBB6976AF56C5E335F27EC7D84A6" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="25" value="129.12361">129° 07′25″E</geoCoordinate>
) on
<date id="FFADBBB1976AF56C58CB5FC7EB4684A6" box="[940,1093,1938,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" value="2012-04-22">
<collectingDate id="EFE94259976AF56C58CB5FC7EB4684A6" box="[940,1093,1938,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" value="2012-04-22">April 22, 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<figureCitation id="132881F4976AF56C5F375FC7EB8C84A6" box="[1104,1167,1938,1963]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[144,177,1056,1078]" captionTargetBox="[146,747,369,1023]" captionTargetId="figure-184@1.[144,749,367,1025]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Map of the sampling stations in South Korea. Each station (marked with red circles) located at three intertidal zones of the Korean Peninsula (St. 1-3) and Baekdo Island (St. 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139334/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
; St. 2)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976AF56B584E5FE6EFFA8567" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976AF56B584E5FE6EFFA8567" blockId="3.[809,1414,1842,1995]" lastBlockId="4.[174,779,1392,1997]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="B9674163976AF56C584E5FE6EC9D84C6" bold="true" box="[809,926,1971,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body size 40-60 × 28-35 μm, length: width ratio about 1.4:
<quantity id="4CEB3094976DF56B5A325D25EE7E8685" box="[341,381,1392,1416]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" unit="in" value="1.0">
1
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5A0E5D24EE7E8685" box="[361,381,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">in</emphasis>
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vivo; 41-65 × 21-38 μm after protargol impregnation; outline reniform; dorsoventrally flattened about 2: 1; single macronucleus 13-18 × 9-17 μm in size; 2 contractile vacuoles obliquely located; 10-15 nematodesmal rods; 7 left and 5 right kineties on ventral side; 5 fragmented preoral kineties; terminal fragment positioned apically on dorsal side, consisting of 5-7 basal bodies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6CCDF9976DF56B5BC95CDAECAF8624" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139340/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" startId="4.[174,207,1167,1189]" targetBox="[462,1156,257,1129]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B5BC95CDAECAF8624" blockId="4.[174,1444,1166,1322]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5BC95CDAEFE987A9" bold="true" box="[174,234,1167,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
Photomicrographs of
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976DF56B5AD25CDAED7087AE" baseAuthorityName="Gourret and Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[437,627,1166,1188]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="semilunaris">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5AD25CDAED7087AE" box="[437,627,1166,1188]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Dysteria semilunaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from living specimens (A- D) and protargol impregnated specimens (E, F). A. Left lateral view of typical individual. B. longitudinal groove on left plate (arrowheads). C. Ventral view. D. Right lateral view showing the two contractile vacuoles (arrows) and the longitudinal groove on the right plate (arrowheads). E, F. Left views of stained specimens showing infraciliature, arrow denotes the short row below the end of the frontoventral kineties. Co, circumoral kineties; CVP, contractile vacuole pore; Cy, cytopharynx; EF, equatorial fragment; FVK, frontoventral kineties; LF, left frontal kineties; LK, left kineties; Ma, macronucleus; P, podite; Pr, preoral kinety; RK, right kineties; TF, terminal fragment. Scale bars: 20 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976DF56B5BC95E27EEF88587" box="[174,507,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B5BC95E27EEF88587" blockId="4.[174,779,1392,1997]" box="[174,507,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5BC95E27EE3F8587" bold="true" box="[174,316,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976DF56B5A245E27EE818587" box="[323,386,1650,1674]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976DF56B5AD35E26EEF48587" box="[436,503,1651,1674]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976DF56B5BC95EC6EA9E86E4" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B5BC95EC6ED8E8406" blockId="4.[174,779,1392,1997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5BC95EC6EE1985A6" bold="true" box="[174,282,1683,1707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Remarks.</emphasis>
The Korean population of
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976DF56B59505EC6ED9E85A7" authorityName="Song" authorityYear="1991" box="[567,669,1683,1706]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Chilodonellidae" genus="Pseudochilodonopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cyrtophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B59505EC6ED9E85A7" box="[567,669,1683,1706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">P. marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
highly resembles the original description by
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B597E5EE6ED9485C6" author="Song, W." box="[537,663,1715,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="79 - 86" refId="ref4582" refString="Song, W. 1991. Morphology and Infraciliature of Pseudochilodonopsis marina nov. spec. (Protozoa: Ciliophora), a Marine Ciliate from Qingdao (P. R. China). Zool Jb Syst 118: 79 - 86." type="journal article" year="1991">Song (1991)</bibRefCitation>
but, slightly differs in the size of macronucleus (ca. 15.5 × 11.9 vs. ca. 19.5× 13.3) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B5A3D5EA6EED78406" author="Song, W." box="[346,468,1779,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="79 - 86" refId="ref4582" refString="Song, W. 1991. Morphology and Infraciliature of Pseudochilodonopsis marina nov. spec. (Protozoa: Ciliophora), a Marine Ciliate from Qingdao (P. R. China). Zool Jb Syst 118: 79 - 86." type="journal article" year="1991">Song, 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B5AB85EA6ED828406" author="Liu, W. &amp; J. Gong &amp; X. Lin &amp; Z. Shen &amp; J. Li &amp; M. Zhu &amp; M. Wang &amp; W. B. Song" box="[479,641,1779,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="84 - 89" refId="ref4138" refString="Liu, W., J. Gong, X. Lin, Z. Shen, J. Li, M. Zhu, M. Wang and W. B. Song. 2008. Redescriptions of two cyrtophorid ciliates, Dysteria procera Kahl, 1931 and Pseudochilodonopsis marina Song, 1991 (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Acta Hydrobiol Sin 32: 84 - 89 (in Chinese)." type="journal article" year="2008">
Liu
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B596E5EA1ED3E8406" box="[521,573,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B5BA25F41EFF184C0" blockId="4.[174,779,1392,1997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
The closest congener
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976DF56B5AD65F41EC088421" authority="Song &amp; Wilbert, 1989" authorityName="Song &amp; Wilbert" authorityYear="1989" box="[433,779,1811,1836]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Chilodonellidae" genus="Pseudochilodonopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cyrtophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5AD65F41ED118426" box="[433,530,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">P. similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B597D5F41EC088421" author="Song, W. &amp; N. Wilbert" box="[538,779,1812,1836]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="2 - 221" refId="ref4681" refString="Song, W. and N. Wilbert. 1989. Taxonomische Untersuchungen an Aufwuchsciliaten (Protozoa, Ciliophora) im Poppelsdorfer Weiher, Bonn. Lauterbornia Heft 3: 2 - 221 (in German)." type="journal article" year="1989">Song &amp; Wilbert, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the Korean population as follows: location of terminal fragment (apical vs. subapical); basal body number of the terminal fragment (5-7 vs. 8-10); number of nematodesmal rods (10-15 vs. 16-18) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B592C5FC0EFE584C0" author="Song, W. &amp; N. Wilbert" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="2 - 221" refId="ref4681" refString="Song, W. and N. Wilbert. 1989. Taxonomische Untersuchungen an Aufwuchsciliaten (Protozoa, Ciliophora) im Poppelsdorfer Weiher, Bonn. Lauterbornia Heft 3: 2 - 221 (in German)." type="journal article" year="1989">Song and Wilbert, 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B58205D25EA9E86E4" blockId="4.[839,1444,1392,1513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B58205D25ECF68685" bold="true" box="[839,1013,1392,1416]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Voucher slides.</emphasis>
Two slides with protargol-impregnated specimens was deposited at National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBRPR0000110831) and
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976DF56B5E615DE4EA4586C5" box="[1286,1350,1457,1480]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Korea</collectingCountry>
Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

225
data/03/BA/2C/03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
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<mods:title id="B50E34534D2A743F10D07D04A458B6A6">New record of four ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from rocky intertidal pools of South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BEBDCBF8C5A476E144F45118AAAF0722">Choi, Jung Min</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8D6CEC75C99766D1484ACEE155F7A1CE">Jung, Jae-Ho</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="06374D16567FAB1081EC5C334B6C8591">Kim, Jung-Hoon Kang and Young-Ok</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139347" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976DF56B58205EC6EB3185C6" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B58205EC6EA6985A7" blockId="4.[839,1386,1682,1707]" box="[839,1386,1682,1707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<heading id="D0E42A1D976DF56B58205EC6EA6985A7" bold="true" box="[839,1386,1682,1707]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B58205EC6EA6985A7" bold="true" box="[839,1386,1682,1707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
4.
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976DF56B58055EC6EA6985A7" ID-CoL="38B7K" authority="(Gourret &amp; Roeser, 1888)" baseAuthorityName="Gourret &amp; Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[866,1386,1682,1707]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="semilunaris">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B58055EC6EB4685A7" bold="true" box="[866,1093,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Dysteria semilunaris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B5F365EC7EA6085A7" author="Gourret, P. &amp; P. Roeser" box="[1105,1379,1682,1707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="139 - 204" refId="ref3684" refString="Gourret, P. and P. Roeser. 1888. Contribution a l'etude des protozoaires de la Corse. Arch Biol Paris 8: 139 - 204 (in French)." type="journal article" year="1888">Gourret &amp; Roeser, 1888</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B58055EE6EB3185C6" blockId="4.[866,1074,1715,1739]" box="[866,1074,1715,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<heading id="D0E42A1D976DF56B58055EE6EB3185C6" bold="true" box="[866,1074,1715,1739]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B58055EE6EB3185C6" bold="true" box="[866,1074,1715,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976DF56B58055EE6ECDF85C6" author="Kahl, A." box="[866,988,1715,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" pagination="181 - 398" refId="ref3776" refString="Kahl, A. 1931. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha. Tierwelt Dtl 25: 181 - 398." type="journal article" year="1931">Kahl, 1931</bibRefCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="132881F4976DF56B588E5EE6EB2985C6" box="[1001,1066,1715,1739]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[174,207,1167,1189]" captionTargetBox="[462,1156,257,1129]" captionTargetId="figure-314@4.[462,1156,257,1134]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Photomicrographs of Dysteria semilunaris from living specimens (A-D) and protargol impregnated specimens (E, F). A. Left lateral view of typical individual. B. longitudinal groove on left plate (arrowheads). C. Ventral view. D. Right lateral view showing the two contractile vacuoles (arrows) and the longitudinal groove on the right plate (arrowheads). E, F. Left views of stained specimens showing infraciliature, arrow denotes the short row below the end of the frontoventral kineties. Co, circumoral kineties; CVP, contractile vacuole pore; Cy, cytopharynx; EF, equatorial fragment; FVK, frontoventral kineties; LF, left frontal kineties; LK, left kineties; Ma, macronucleus; P, podite; Pr, preoral kinety; RK, right kineties; TF, terminal fragment. Scale bars: 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139340/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976DF56B58205EA6EB128480" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56B58205EA6EB128480" blockId="4.[839,1444,1779,1997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B58205EA6EB258406" bold="true" box="[839,1062,1779,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7B972C976DF56B5F495EA6EB0E8480" collectingDate="2012-04-21" country="South Korea" county="Yeosu-si" latitude="34.605278" location="Marine" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.789444" municipality="Dolsan-eup" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
<location id="8ECCCBAA976DF56B5F495EA6EB798406" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4:8ECCCBAA976DF56B5F495EA6EB798406" box="[1070,1146,1779,1803]" country="South Korea" county="Yeosu-si" latitude="34.605278" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.789444" municipality="Dolsan-eup" name="Marine" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Marine</location>
water (temperature 12.0°C; salinity 33.0; pH 8.5) collected from the beach of
<location id="8ECCCBAA976DF56B5E3A5F41EC908441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4:8ECCCBAA976DF56B5E3A5F41EC908441" country="South Korea" county="Yeosu-si" latitude="34.605278" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.789444" municipality="Dolsan-eup" name="Yullim village" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Yullim village</location>
,
<location id="8ECCCBAA976DF56B58C75F61EB058441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA2C67976DF56A58205EC6EDE585E4:8ECCCBAA976DF56B58C75F61EB058441" box="[928,1030,1844,1868]" country="South Korea" county="Yeosu-si" latitude="34.605278" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.789444" municipality="Dolsan-eup" name="Yullim-ri" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Yullim-ri</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8070B976DF56B5F745F61EB918441" box="[1043,1170,1844,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Dolsan-eup</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CDE5FD976DF56B5FF95F61EBFD8441" box="[1182,1278,1844,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Yeosu-si</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D75393976DF56B5E6C5F61EA9C8441" box="[1291,1439,1844,1868]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976DF56B58205F01ECD58461" box="[839,982,1876,1900]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE27FBB6976DF56B58825F01EB698461" box="[997,1130,1875,1900]" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" precision="15" seconds="19" value="34.605278">34°36′19″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE27FBB6976DF56B5F125F01EA058461" box="[1141,1286,1875,1900]" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" precision="15" seconds="22" value="127.789444">127°47′22″E</geoCoordinate>
) on
<date id="FFADBBB1976DF56B5E5B5F01EC7F8480" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" value="2012-04-21">
<collectingDate id="EFE94259976DF56B5E5B5F01EC7F8480" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" value="2012-04-21">April 21, 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<figureCitation id="132881F4976DF56B58E05F21ECC58480" box="[903,966,1908,1933]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[144,177,1056,1078]" captionTargetBox="[146,747,369,1023]" captionTargetId="figure-184@1.[144,749,367,1025]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Map of the sampling stations in South Korea. Each station (marked with red circles) located at three intertidal zones of the Korean Peninsula (St. 1-3) and Baekdo Island (St. 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139334/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
; St. 3)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976DF56A58205FC0EFD481CD" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976DF56A58205FC0EFD481CD" blockId="4.[839,1444,1779,1997]" lastBlockId="5.[144,749,261,1769]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B58205FC0ECBF84A0" bold="true" box="[839,956,1941,1965]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body size 26-36 × 16-20 μm, length: width ratio about 1.7: 1, bilaterally flattened about 1:
<quantity id="4CEB3094976DF56B5E045FE0EAA784C0" box="[1379,1444,1973,1997]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" unit="in" value="2.1">
2.1
<emphasis id="B9674163976DF56B5EE85FE3EAA784C0" box="[1423,1444,1974,1997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">in</emphasis>
</quantity>
vivo; outline oval-shaped, broad anterior and narrowed posterior end of the cell, dorsal side convex than ventral side; conspicuous longitudinal grooves presented left and right plate; single macronucleus 14-20 × 6-10 μm in size; 2 longitudinally positioned contractile vacuoles near innermost row of right kineties; about 9 μm podite caudally positioned on left ventral side; 4-5 right kineties, including 2 frontoventral kineties of which extend dorso-apically; 1 short row below the anterior end of the frontoventral kineties; 6-7 left kineties; equatorial fragment composed of 5-9 basal bodies; terminal fragment anterodorsally located, composed of 3-5 basal bodies; 2 parallel circumoral kineties; 3 left frontal kineties; single-rowed preoral kinety.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976CF56A5BF75A9CEDA081ED" box="[144,675,713,737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976CF56A5BF75A9CEDA081ED" blockId="5.[144,749,261,1769]" box="[144,675,713,737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5BF75A9CEE1D81EC" bold="true" box="[144,286,713,737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976CF56A5A425A9CEE6581EC" box="[293,358,713,737]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976CF56A5A175A9CEEB981ED" box="[368,442,713,736]" name="France" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976CF56A5AA45A9CED2581EC" box="[451,550,713,737]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Germany</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976CF56A593B5A9CED9C81ED" box="[604,671,713,736]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309CEFA976CF56A5BF75ABCEDE585E4" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976CF56A5BF75ABCED898769" blockId="5.[144,749,261,1769]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5BF75ABCEFFE800C" bold="true" box="[144,253,745,769]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Remarks.</emphasis>
The descriptions by
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5AB15ABCEDEE800C" author="Gourret, P. &amp; P. Roeser" box="[470,749,745,769]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="139 - 204" refId="ref3684" refString="Gourret, P. and P. Roeser. 1888. Contribution a l'etude des protozoaires de la Corse. Arch Biol Paris 8: 139 - 204 (in French)." type="journal article" year="1888">Gourret and Roeser (1888)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5BD95B5CEE3D802C" author="Kahl, A." box="[190,318,777,801]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="181 - 398" refId="ref3776" refString="Kahl, A. 1931. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha. Tierwelt Dtl 25: 181 - 398." type="journal article" year="1931">Kahl (1931)</bibRefCitation>
did not provide detailed information of body size and infraciliature. Nevertheless, the
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A59E85B7FEFDE806F" baseAuthorityName="Gourret &amp; Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="semilunaris">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A59E85B7FEFDE806F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. semilunaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily identified by the body shape and marine habitat. The Korean population of
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A59365B3EEDEE808F" baseAuthorityName="Gourret &amp; Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[593,749,874,898]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="semilunaris">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A59365B3EEDEE808F" box="[593,749,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. semilunaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the two Chinese populations (Qingdao and
<collectingRegion id="49D75393976CF56A5BF75BFEEFF480CE" box="[144,247,939,963]" country="China" name="Shanghai" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Shanghai</collectingRegion>
) in number of right kineties (4-5 vs. consistently
<quantity id="4CEB3094976CF56A5BB05B9EEE0080EE" box="[215,259,971,995]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
both populations), presence of longitudinal groove (left and right plates vs. left only vs. right only), and transverse stripe at the equatorial region (absent in the Korean and Qingdao population vs. present in
<collectingRegion id="49D75393976CF56A59ED5C79EDEF8749" box="[650,748,1068,1092]" country="China" name="Shanghai" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Shanghai</collectingRegion>
population) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5A745C19EECD8769" author="Gong, J. &amp; W. Song &amp; A. Warren &amp; X. Lin &amp; D. M. Roberts" box="[275,462,1100,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="147 - 161" refId="ref3637" refString="Gong, J., W. Song, A. Warren, X. Lin and D. M. Roberts. 2007. Microscopical observations on four marine Dysteria species (Ciliophora, Cyrtophorida). Eur J Protistol 43: 147 - 161." type="journal article" year="2007">
Gong
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5A325C18EE8A8769" box="[341,393,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5AB05C19ED7D8769" author="Pan, H. &amp; L. Wang &amp; J. Jiang &amp; T. Stoeck" box="[471,638,1100,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="134 - 146" refId="ref4238" refString="Pan, H., L. Wang, J. Jiang and T. Stoeck. 2016. Morphology of four cyrtophorian ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Yangtze Delta, China, with notes on the phylogeny of the genus Phascolodon. Eur J Protistol 56: 134 - 146." type="journal article" year="2016">
Pan
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A59625C18ED3A8769" box="[517,569,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976CF56A5BC15C39EEFB8565" blockId="5.[144,749,261,1769]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">
The closest congeners
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A5AC75C38EE5287A8" authority="(Gourret and Roeser, 1886) Kahl, 1931" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1931" baseAuthorityName="Gourret and Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="ovalis">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5AC75C38ED008789" box="[416,515,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. ovalis</emphasis>
(Gourret and Roeser, 1886)
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5BB05CD9EE5287A8" author="Kahl, A." box="[215,337,1164,1189]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="181 - 398" refId="ref3776" refString="Kahl, A. 1931. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha. Tierwelt Dtl 25: 181 - 398." type="journal article" year="1931">Kahl, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A5AED5CD8EE0D87C8" authority="Claparede &amp; Lachmann, 1859" authorityName="Claparede &amp; Lachmann" authorityYear="1859" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="crassipes">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5AED5CD8ED1287A9" box="[394,529,1165,1188]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. crassipes</emphasis>
Claparède &amp; Lachmann, 1859
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A59555CF8EDCD87C8" baseAuthorityName="Gourret &amp; Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[562,718,1197,1221]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="semilunaris">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A59555CF8EDCD87C8" box="[562,718,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. semilunaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows: (1) absence of an extra short row below the anterior end of the frontoventral kineties; (2) absence of a longitudinal groove on the both plate; (3) subcaudally-located podite (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5A7C5D7BEEDA864B" author="Gong, J. &amp; W. Song &amp; A. Warren &amp; X. Lin &amp; D. M. Roberts" box="[283,473,1326,1350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="147 - 161" refId="ref3637" refString="Gong, J., W. Song, A. Warren, X. Lin and D. M. Roberts. 2007. Microscopical observations on four marine Dysteria species (Ciliophora, Cyrtophorida). Eur J Protistol 43: 147 - 161." type="journal article" year="2007">
Gong
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5A395D7BEE97864B" box="[350,404,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5A835D7BEDB9864B" author="Park, M. - H. &amp; G. - S. Min" box="[484,698,1326,1350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="189 - 196" refId="ref4292" refString="Park, M. - H. and G. - S. Min. 2015. New records of three Dysteriids (Ciliophora: Pyllopharyngea) from Korea. Korean J Environ Biol 33: 189 - 196." type="journal article" year="2015">Park and Min, 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A59A25D7BEE0E866B" author="Pan, H. &amp; L. Wang &amp; J. Jiang &amp; T. Stoeck" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="134 - 146" refId="ref4238" refString="Pan, H., L. Wang, J. Jiang and T. Stoeck. 2016. Morphology of four cyrtophorian ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Yangtze Delta, China, with notes on the phylogeny of the genus Phascolodon. Eur J Protistol 56: 134 - 146." type="journal article" year="2016">
Pan
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5BF75D1AEFC5866B" box="[144,198,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A5AC85D1AEDA2866B" authority="Kahl, 1931" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1931" box="[431,673,1358,1382]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="calkinsi">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5AC85D1AED21866B" box="[431,546,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. calkinsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A594D5D1BEDA2866B" author="Kahl, A." box="[554,673,1358,1382]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="181 - 398" refId="ref3776" refString="Kahl, A. 1931. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha. Tierwelt Dtl 25: 181 - 398." type="journal article" year="1931">Kahl, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C13E6F2976CF56A5BAA5D3AEE6E868B" baseAuthorityName="Gourret &amp; Roeser" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[205,365,1390,1414]" class="Cyrtophoria" family="Dysteriidae" genus="Dysteria" kingdom="Chromista" order="Dysteriida" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="semilunaris">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5BAA5D3AEE6E868B" box="[205,365,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">D. semilunaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following features: arrangement of contractile vacuoles (diagonally positioned in original description but not detected in Antarctic population vs. longitudinally positioned); number of groove on the left plate (two vs. one); extra short row below the end of frontoventral kineties (absent vs. present); number of left frontal kineties (two vs. three) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A59645E65ED7F8545" author="Kahl, A." box="[515,636,1584,1608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="181 - 398" refId="ref3776" refString="Kahl, A. 1931. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha. Tierwelt Dtl 25: 181 - 398." type="journal article" year="1931">Kahl, 1931</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A59EE5E65EE208565" author="Song, W. &amp; N. Wilbert" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref4766" refString="Song, W. and N. Wilbert. 2002. Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and, 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozool 41: 23 - 61." type="journal article" year="2002">Song and Wilbert, 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF82E080976CF56A5A4A5E05EEE78565" author="Gong, J. &amp; W. Song &amp; A. Warren &amp; X. Lin &amp; D. M. Roberts" box="[301,484,1616,1640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" pagination="147 - 161" refId="ref3637" refString="Gong, J., W. Song, A. Warren, X. Lin and D. M. Roberts. 2007. Microscopical observations on four marine Dysteria species (Ciliophora, Cyrtophorida). Eur J Protistol 43: 147 - 161." type="journal article" year="2007">
Gong
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5A0A5E04EEA18565" box="[365,418,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC9D71976CF56A5BF75E24EDE585E4" blockId="5.[144,749,261,1769]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B9674163976CF56A5BF75E24EE3E8585" bold="true" box="[144,317,1648,1673]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Voucher slides.</emphasis>
Two slides with protargol-impregnated specimens was deposited at National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBRPR0000110832) and
<collectingCountry id="F304DDE1976CF56A59285EE7ED8C85C4" box="[591,655,1714,1737]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Korea</collectingCountry>
Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

294
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<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7250B778C3BFE796D9" blockId="1.[174,778,1476,1597]" box="[174,684,1476,1501]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<heading id="D082E733F626FB7250B778C3BFE796D9" bold="true" box="[174,684,1476,1501]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250B778C3BFE796D9" bold="true" box="[174,684,1476,1501]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="4C752BDCF626FB7250B778C3BF1B96D8" ID-CoL="7ZGC8" authorityName="Bang" authorityYear="2020" box="[174,592,1476,1500]" class="Copepoda" family="Argestidae" genus="Eurycletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadumus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Oligocletodes">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250B778C3BC7796D8" bold="true" box="[174,316,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Eurycletodes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB72515078C3BC9696D8" bold="true" box="[329,477,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Oligocletodes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7251F478C3BF1B96D8" bold="true" box="[493,592,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">vadumus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2323136F626FB72524E78C2BFE796D9" box="[599,684,1477,1501]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7250B778E3BC6E96F8" blockId="1.[174,778,1476,1597]" box="[174,293,1508,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250B778E3BC6E96F8" bold="true" box="[174,293,1508,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
(
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)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7250B77B02BFFA9539" blockId="1.[174,778,1476,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<materialsCitation id="3B1D5A02F626FB7250B77B02BFE69539" country="South Korea" elevation="12" latitude="34.77589" location="Hansando Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.52638" municipality="South Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CEEEFDF626FB7250B77B02BDA89519" box="[174,227,1541,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
<location id="8EAA0684F626FB72515F7B02BCB09519" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DCE149F626FB7550B778C3BC1095CD:8EAA0684F626FB72515F7B02BCB09519" box="[326,507,1541,1565]" country="South Korea" latitude="34.77589" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.52638" municipality="South Sea" name="Hansando Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Hansando Island</location>
,
<quantity id="4C8DFDBAF626FB72521F7B02BF719518" box="[518,570,1541,1565]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" unit="m" value="12.0">
<elevation id="0058B76CF626FB72521F7B02BF719518" box="[518,570,1541,1565]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
water depth,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAECA25F626FB7252D57B02BDA79539" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">South Sea</collectingMunicipality>
of
<collectingCountry id="F36210CFF626FB7251167B22BC1F9538" box="[271,340,1573,1596]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Korea</collectingCountry>
. (
<geoCoordinate id="EE413698F626FB72517B7B22BCB29538" box="[354,505,1572,1597]" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" precision="1" seconds="33.2" value="34.77589">34°46′33.2″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE413698F626FB72521D7B22BFEE9539" box="[516,677,1572,1597]" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" precision="1" seconds="35.0" value="128.52638">128°31′35.0″E</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F03D4F626FB7250B77B62BF5A95FB" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7250B77B62BF5A95FB" blockId="1.[174,780,1637,1985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250B77B62BCD79579" bold="true" box="[174,412,1637,1661]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1D5A02F626FB7251BE7B62BF40959A" collectionCode="KDELIV" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CEEEFDF626FB7251BE7B62BF5B9579" box="[423,528,1637,1661]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
1$ (
<collectionCode id="ED64C89AF626FB7252557B61BFFE957A" box="[588,693,1638,1662]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">KDELIV</collectionCode>
000000 3114) dissected on eight slides
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1D5A02F626FB7252017B81BF4695FB" collectingDate="2019-05" collectionCode="KDELIV" collectorName="All &amp; H. W. Bang &amp; H. Moon" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" specimenCode="KDELIV0000003115, KDELIV0000003116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54CEEEFDF626FB7252017B81BF33959A" box="[536,632,1670,1694]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2$$(
<specimenCode id="DBD3F824F626FB7252D17B81BC2195BA" collectionCode="KDELIV" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">KDELIV0000003115</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBD3F824F626FB7251617BA1BF2795BA" box="[376,620,1702,1726]" collectionCode="KDELIV" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">KDELIV0000003116</specimenCode>
) dissected on eight slides.
<collectorName id="26803589F626FB72512B7BC1BC1F95DA" box="[306,340,1734,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">All</collectorName>
from the type locality, collected by
<collectorName id="26803589F626FB7252CD7BC0BDAD95FB" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">H.W. Bang</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26803589F626FB7251037BE0BC3095FA" box="[282,379,1767,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">H. Moon</collectorName>
in
<date id="FFCB769FF626FB7251857BE0BF4695FB" box="[412,525,1767,1791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" value="2019-05">
<collectingDate id="EF8F8F77F626FB7251857BE0BF4695FB" box="[412,525,1767,1791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" value="2019-05">May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F03D4F626FB7250B77A00BC90945B" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7250B77A00BC90945B" blockId="1.[174,780,1637,1985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250B77A00BC65941B" bold="true" box="[174,302,1799,1823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is derived from the Latin ‘
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250AE7A20BDB5943B" box="[183,254,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">vadum</emphasis>
’, meaning shallow water, referring to the depth of water of the
<typeStatus id="54CEEEFDF626FB7251487A4FBC349464" box="[337,383,1864,1888]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F03D4F626FB7550B77A6FBC1095CD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="486" pageId="1" pageNumber="481" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7250B77A6FB9F1975D" blockId="1.[174,780,1637,1985]" lastBlockId="1.[839,1444,1024,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF626FB7250B77A6FBC729484" bold="true" box="[174,313,1896,1920]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Description.</emphasis>
Female. Body (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7251F87A6FBF2A9484" box="[481,609,1896,1920]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-104@2.[304,1253,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Fig. 2A, 2B</figureCitation>
) cylindrical, no clear distinction between prosome and urosome. Total body length 619 μm (n = 3; range: 585-645 μm), measured from anterior margin of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami. Largest width measured at posterior margin of cephalic shield: 172 μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7253477965BE35965F" blockId="1.[839,1444,1024,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
Rostrum (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7253D57966B928977D" box="[972,1123,1121,1145]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-104@2.[304,1253,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Figs. 2A, 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB72546B7966B9DE977D" box="[1138,1173,1121,1145]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">3A</figureCitation>
) triangular, well-developed, fused to cephalothorax, with two sensilla. Cephalothorax (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7253A479A5B95E97BE" box="[957,1045,1186,1210]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-104@2.[304,1253,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) with reticulate pattern, pedigerous somites with posterior margin strongly serrated dorsally and laterally. Cephalothorax and free thoracic somites with sensilla arising from tubercles, sensillar pattern and tube pores on cephalothorax and body somites as figured.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7253477863B8D995FB" blockId="1.[839,1444,1024,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
Urosome (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7253CE7864B92C9678" box="[983,1127,1379,1404]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-104@2.[304,1253,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Fig. 2A, 2B</figureCitation>
) 5-segmented, comprising P5-bearing somite, genital double-somite and three free abdominal somites. All urosomites with coarsely denticulated posterior margin dorsally and laterally, covered with minute spinules dorsally, laterally and ventrally. Second and third urosomites partly fused forming genital-double somite. Genital field (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7254BF7B22B9B29539" box="[1190,1273,1573,1597]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,1692,1714]" captionTargetBox="[330,1284,288,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[330,1287,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. P3, anterior; B. P4, anterior (arrow indicating short proximal inner seta); C. genital field, ventral(arrow indicating P6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139357/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) positioned situated proximally on first half of genital double-somite, with a copulatory pore, and P6 reduced, represented by bifid processes (arrowed in
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB72546D7B81B982959A" box="[1140,1225,1670,1694]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,1692,1714]" captionTargetBox="[330,1284,288,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[330,1287,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. P3, anterior; B. P4, anterior (arrow indicating short proximal inner seta); C. genital field, ventral(arrow indicating P6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139357/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Anal somite (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7255777B81BE2095BA" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-104@2.[304,1253,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7253607BA1BED095BA" box="[889,923,1702,1726]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">3H</figureCitation>
) as long as board, almost square laterally and dorsally, with tube pores ventrally, anal operculum with several denticles and dorsal pair of sensillate tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF626FB7153477A00BC209408" blockId="1.[839,1444,1024,1984]" lastBlockId="2.[144,749,1780,1965]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="482" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">
Caudal rami (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7253F77A00B97C941B" box="[1006,1079,1799,1823]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
) semi cylindrical, about 1.6 times as long as wide, with conspicuous tube pore ventrally (arrow in
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7253A87A40B9449464" box="[945,1039,1863,1888]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-104@2.[304,1253,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF626FB7254037A4FB9799464" box="[1050,1074,1864,1888]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="481">3I</figureCitation>
), each ramus with seven setae: setae I- II bare, short, of subequal lengths, seta III arising from small protrusion, seta IV bare, seta V longest, seta VI bare and short, arising at inner distal corner, seta VII tri-articulate at base.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A00D7F625FB7151057B9FB9B195AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139353" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139353" box="[284,1274,1688,1710]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139353/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="482" startId="2.[284,317,1688,1710]" targetBox="[304,1251,262,1654]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF625FB7151057B9FB9B195AA" blockId="2.[284,1274,1688,1710]" box="[284,1274,1688,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF625FB7151057B9FBC1395A9" bold="true" box="[284,344,1688,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C752BDCF625FB7151447B9FBFF195A9" authorityName="Bang" authorityYear="2020" box="[349,698,1688,1709]" class="Copepoda" family="Argestidae" genus="Eurycletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadumus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Oligocletodes">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF625FB7151447B9FBC9895A9" box="[349,467,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">Eurycletodes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF625FB7151C77B9FBF1795A9" box="[478,604,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">Oligocletodes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF625FB7152707B9FBFF195A9" box="[617,698,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">vadumus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2323136F625FB7152D97B9FBE4C95A9" box="[704,775,1688,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="482" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype female. A. habitus, dorsal; B. habitus, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF625FB7150BF7A13BE119468" blockId="2.[144,749,1780,1965]" lastBlockId="2.[809,1414,1780,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF625FB71513A7A13BC329429" box="[291,377,1812,1837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). 6-segmented; segment 1 largest, with spinular rows, segment 3 with aesthetasc fused basally to seta and set on pedestal, segment 4 with modified element, last segment with six setae, two modified elements, one geniculate seta, and apical acrothek. Armature formula: 1-[0], 2-[3], 3-[3 + (1 + ae)], 4-[1], 5-[1], 6-[9 + acrothek]. Apical acrothek consisting of an aesthetasc fused basally to one bare and one geniculate seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF625FB7753267A72BFE79468" blockId="2.[809,1414,1780,1965]" lastBlockId="4.[144,749,1812,1965]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF625FB7153BF7A72BEB19489" box="[934,1018,1909,1933]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="482">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Allobasis, without abexopodal seta. Exopod reduced to an almost indiscernible bulb without armature (arrowed in
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF623FB7751987A13BC939428" box="[385,472,1812,1836]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Allobasis and endopod with spinular row along inner margin, endopod with two bare inner spines, and four distal elements distally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A00D7F624FB7050B77A81BF3894D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="483" startId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" targetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF624FB7050B77A81BF3894D4" blockId="3.[174,1445,1926,2001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="483">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF624FB7050B77A81BDA7949F" bold="true" box="[174,236,1926,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="483">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C752BDCF624FB7050EB7A81BF19949F" authorityName="Bang" authorityYear="2020" box="[242,594,1926,1947]" class="Copepoda" family="Argestidae" genus="Eurycletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadumus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Oligocletodes">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF624FB7050EB7A81BC23949F" box="[242,360,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="483">Eurycletodes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF624FB70516D7A81BCB9949F" box="[372,498,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="483">Oligocletodes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF624FB7052187A81BF19949F" box="[513,594,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="483">vadumus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2323136F624FB7052417A81BFEB949F" box="[600,672,1926,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF623FB7752767C0FBE7C9521" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF623FB7752767C0FBFC89227" bold="true" box="[623,643,264,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">A</emphasis>
A, B 50
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF623FB7754497C0FBF4F97A1" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">B C</emphasis>
C 50
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A00D7F623FB7750897B9ABC2095C9" pageId="4" pageNumber="484" startId="4.[144,177,1693,1715]" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF623FB7750897B9ABC2095C9" blockId="4.[144,1414,1693,1741]" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF623FB7750897B9ABD8795B6" bold="true" box="[144,204,1693,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C752BDCF623FB7750C87B9ABF6495B6" authorityName="Bang" authorityYear="2020" box="[209,559,1693,1714]" class="Copepoda" family="Argestidae" genus="Eurycletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadumus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Oligocletodes">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF623FB7750C87B9ABC0C95B6" box="[209,327,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">Eurycletodes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF623FB77514A7B9ABC9A95B6" box="[339,465,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">Oligocletodes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF623FB7751C77B9ABF6495B6" box="[478,559,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">vadumus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2323136F623FB77522D7B9ABF3095B6" box="[564,635,1693,1714]" pageId="4" pageNumber="484" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype female. A. P1, anterior; B. P2, anterior; C. P5, anterior (arrow indicating anterior surface cleavage).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF623FB7750BF7A73B9619448" blockId="4.[144,749,1812,1965]" lastBlockId="4.[809,1414,1812,1965]" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">
Mandible (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF623FB7751387A73BC379489" box="[289,380,1908,1933]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) with gnathobase bearing three strong teeth around distal margin, without seta. Mandibular palp 1-segmented, with spinules subdistally, with three bare setae distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF623FB7753267A53B8CD94A9" blockId="4.[809,1414,1812,1965]" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">
Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF623FB7753AA7A53B94F9468" box="[947,1028,1876,1900]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="484">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Praecoxal arthrite well-developed, with two bipinate, one unipinnate, and three bare spines distally, with bipinnate spine laterally, and with one bare
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF622FB7651687C02BCCD9224" blockId="5.[369,390,261,288]" box="[369,390,261,288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF622FB7651687C02BCCD9224" bold="true" box="[369,390,261,288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">B</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF622FB7654A87C02BF8D944F" blockId="5.[1201,1221,261,288]" lastBlockId="5.[174,779,1811,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF622FB7654A87C02B98E9224" bold="true" box="[1201,1221,261,288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">A</emphasis>
surface seta. Coxa with one geniculate seta and one bare seta apically. Basis, endopod and exopod reduced.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A00D7F622FB7650B77B9BBFEF95C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139357/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="485" startId="5.[174,207,1692,1714]" targetBox="[330,1284,288,1654]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF622FB7650B77B9BBFEF95C8" blockId="5.[174,1444,1692,1740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF622FB7650B77B9BBDA095B5" bold="true" box="[174,235,1692,1714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C752BDCF622FB7650E97B9BBF0495B5" authorityName="Bang" authorityYear="2020" box="[240,591,1692,1713]" class="Copepoda" family="Argestidae" genus="Eurycletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="5" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadumus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Oligocletodes">
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF622FB7650E97B9BBC2D95B5" box="[240,358,1692,1713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">Eurycletodes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF622FB76516B7B9BBCBB95B5" box="[370,496,1692,1713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">Oligocletodes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9018C4DF622FB7651E77B9BBF0495B5" box="[510,591,1692,1713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">vadumus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2323136F622FB76524C7B9BBFD795B5" box="[597,668,1692,1713]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype female. A. P3, anterior; B. P4, anterior (arrow indicating short proximal inner seta); C. genital field, ventral (arrow indicating P6).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF622FB7650DC7A54B999946F" blockId="5.[174,779,1811,1996]" lastBlockId="5.[839,1445,1811,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">
Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF622FB7651337A54BCCD946F" box="[298,390,1875,1899]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
). Syncoxa with two endites and a row of long spinules along outer margin, proximal endite with two bare setae, distal endite with two slender setae and one strong spinulose element. Allobasis with spinules, drawn out into strong, slightly curved, distally bipinnate claw, with two bare setae. Endopod 1-segmented, small, with two naked setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF622FB7553477A74BF739239" blockId="5.[839,1445,1811,1996]" lastBlockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="486" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">
Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF622FB7653FD7A74B9779488" box="[996,1084,1907,1932]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[174,207,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[247,1372,264,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[241,1377,257,1894]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. rostrum; B. antennule (arrow indicating modified elements); C. antenna (arrow indicating reduced exopod); D. mandible; E. maxilliped; F. maxillule; G. maxilla; H. anal somite and caudal rami, ventral; I. caudal ramus, dorsal (arrow indicating tube pore)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139355/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="485">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
). Subchelate. Syncoxa with one plumose seta on inner distal corner and with long setules or spinules. Basis with a row of spinules along palmar region, unarmed. Endopodal segment produced into strong and distally pinnate curved claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550BF7C42BCFE92BA" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Swimming legs 1-4 with wide intercoxal sclerite and praecoxae, biramous, endopods 1-segmented, exopods 3-segmented. Coxae and bases with surface ornamentations of spinules as figured.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550BF7CC0BD849025" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">
P1 (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF621FB7550D67CC0BC6E92DB" box="[207,293,455,479]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1693,1715]" captionText="Fig. 4. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. P1, anterior; B. P2, anterior; C. P5, anterior (arrow indicating an- terior surface cleavage)." pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Coxa slightly bigger than basis, with two spinular rows on anterior surface, and row of spinules along outer margin. Basis with strong bipinnate outer spine on outer margin and bipinnate spine on inner distal surface, with several spinules and setules as figured. Exopod 3-segmented, exp-1 longest, without inner seta; exp-2 with one stout, pinnate outer spine and one long, plumose inner seta; exp-3 with two pinnate distal setae and two well-developed pinnate outer spines. Endopod 1-segmented, with two distal setae and one pinnate outer spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550BF7E2DBF219780" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">
P2-P4 (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF621FB7550E27E2EBC109046" box="[251,347,809,834]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1693,1715]" captionText="Fig. 4. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. P1, anterior; B. P2, anterior; C. P5, anterior (arrow indicating an- terior surface cleavage)." pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Figs. 4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF621FB7551717E2EBCF29045" box="[360,441,809,833]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,1692,1714]" captionTargetBox="[330,1284,288,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[330,1287,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. P3, anterior; B. P4, anterior (arrow indicating short proximal inner seta); C. genital field, ventral(arrow indicating P6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139357/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">5A, 5B</figureCitation>
) with small triangular praecoxa. Coxa large, with row of spinules on anterior surface. Basis with pinnate outer spine. Exp-1 twice as long as exp-2, with one pinnate outer spine, and one long plumose inner seta, except P4; exp-2 shortest, with one inner plumose long seta, and one bipinnate outer spine; third segment longest, with three bipinnate outer spines, two apical and two inner elements, P4 exp-3 proximal inner element bipinnate, short (arrowed in
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF621FB755244792BBFFA9740" box="[605,689,1068,1092]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,1692,1714]" captionTargetBox="[330,1284,288,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[330,1287,257,1655]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female. A. P3, anterior; B. P4, anterior (arrow indicating short proximal inner seta); C. genital field, ventral(arrow indicating P6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139357/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Endopod 1-segmented, with spinules along inner to outer distal margins, with two pinnate distal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550BF798ABF7597A0" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[166,574,1164,1189]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Armature formula for swimming legs:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB75516B79AABFC697C1" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[370,653,1197,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Exopod Endopod</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550E879CABF3997E1" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[241,626,1229,1253]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">P1 0.1.022 021</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550E879EABF399601" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[241,626,1261,1285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">P2 1.1.223 020</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550E87809BF399622" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[241,626,1294,1318]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">P3 1.1.223 020</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550E87829BF399642" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[241,626,1326,1350]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">P4 0.1.223 020</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550BF7849BDF495AD" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">
P5 (
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF621FB7550D67849BC699662" box="[207,290,1358,1382]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1693,1715]" captionText="Fig. 4. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. P1, anterior; B. P2, anterior; C. P5, anterior (arrow indicating an- terior surface cleavage)." pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) fused medially, and exopod and baseoendopod separate. Baseoendopod with a long outer setophore bearing one plumose basal seta, and with one pore near proximal area of setophore. Endopodal lobe with spinules at inner and outer margin, with two bipinnate setae and one pore on anterior surface. Exopod elongat- ed, 3.4 times as long as wide, with one pore on anterior surface near apical margin, with three outer and two terminal setae, and with one oblique cleavage ornamented on anterior surface near proximal area (arrowed in
<figureCitation id="134E4CDAF621FB7552DB7B77BDF895AD" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1693,1715]" captionText="Fig. 4. Eurycletodes (Oligocletodes) vadumus sp. nov. holotype female.A. P1, anterior; B. P2, anterior; C. P5, anterior (arrow indicating an- terior surface cleavage)." pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA505FF621FB7550BF7BB6BC1095CD" blockId="6.[144,749,261,1737]" box="[166,347,1713,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="486">Male. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

293
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5305A62DFC897496FB41F905" ID-CoL="87DK7" authority="Alexander, 1920 a" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1920" box="[809,1204,1675,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC897496FB41F905" bold="true" box="[809,1204,1675,1699]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC897496FC1EF905" bold="true" box="[809,1003,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFC507496FB41F905" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1008,1204,1675,1699]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref38176" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1920 a. The crane-flies collected by the Swed- ish expedition (1895 - 1896) to southern Chile and Tierra del Fuego (Tipulidae, Diptera). Arkiv for Zoologi 13 (6): 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1920">Alexander, 1920a</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC8974B6FA93F965" blockId="6.[809,1414,1675,1925]" box="[809,1382,1707,1732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5305A62DFC8974B6FA97F965" authority="Alexander, 1920 a: 4 - 5" authorityName="Alexander" authorityPageNumber="4 - 5" authorityYear="1920" box="[809,1378,1707,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Austrolimnophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC8974B6FC57F965" box="[809,930,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC0E74B6FB96F965" box="[942,1123,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFBD174B6FA97F965" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1137,1378,1707,1732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref38176" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1920 a. The crane-flies collected by the Swed- ish expedition (1895 - 1896) to southern Chile and Tierra del Fuego (Tipulidae, Diptera). Arkiv for Zoologi 13 (6): 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1920">Alexander, 1920a: 4-5</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5305A62DFC8974D6FB25F942" ID-CoL="87DK7" authority="Edwards, 1938: 63" authorityName="Edwards" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1938" box="[809,1232,1739,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC8974D6FC19F945" box="[809,1004,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFC5674D1FB25F942" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1014,1232,1740,1764]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref39440" refString="Edwards, F. W. 1938. British short-palped craneflies. Taxonomy of adults. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 5: 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1938">Edwards, 1938: 63</bibRefCitation>
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, 67;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995305A62DFAAB74D1FC58F8A2" author="Alexander, C. P." page="153" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFAAB74D1FC58F8A2" author="Alexander, C. P." pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="149 - 190" refId="ref38800" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1948. Notes on the tropical American species of Tipulidae (Diptera). IV. The primitive Hexatomini: Paradelphomyia, Austrolimnophila, Epiphragma, Lecteria, Polymera, and allies. Revista de Entomologia 19: 149 - 190." type="journal article" year="1948">Alexander, 1948: 153</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFC1A74F1FBA8F8A2" author="Ishida, H." box="[954,1117,1772,1796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref39548" refString="Ishida, H. 1959. The catalogue of the Japanese Tipulidae, with the keys to the genera and subgenera (Diptera). V. Limoniinae, Tribe Hexatomini. Science Report of the Hyogo University of Agriculture, Serie Natural Sciences 4 (1): 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1959">Ishida, 1959: 2</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995305A62DFBCA74F1FC55F882" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" page="53" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFBCA74F1FC55F882" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 53</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFC0C7511FB7BF882" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[940,1166,1804,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref40568" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1983. Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 156 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1983">Savchenko, 1983: 48</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFB3A7511FAC8F882" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[1178,1341,1804,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 380" refId="ref40614" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1986. Komary-limoniidy [limoniid-flies]. (General description, subfamilies Pediciinae and Hexatominae). Fauna Ukrainy 14 (2): 1 - 380 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1986">1986: 227-229</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995305A62DFAEA7511FC70F8E2" author="Savchenko, E. N." page="62" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFAEA7511FC70F8E2" author="Savchenko, E. N." pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref40652" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1989. Komary-limoniidy fauna SSSR [Limoniidae fauna of the USSR]. Determination tables of superspecies taxa with catalogue survey of species. Akadimiya Nauk Ukrainian SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 377 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1989">1989: 62-64</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC897550FC5FF823" blockId="6.[809,1414,1675,1925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55305A62DFC897550FC53F823" location="South America" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="E435882A5305A62DFC897550FCA8F8C3" box="[809,861,1869,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5305A62DFC627550FACFF8C3" authority="Bigot, 1888" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1888" box="[962,1338,1869,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutaeniata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC627550FB46F8C2" box="[962,1203,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Limnophila eutaeniata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFB1B7550FACFF8C3" author="Bigot, J. M. F." box="[1211,1338,1869,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref39292" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. 1888. Dipteres. Ministeres de la Marine et de l Instruction Publique: Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn, 1882 - 1883, VI. Zoologie, 2. Insectes. Gauthier-Villars et Fils, Paris: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1888">Bigot, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<location id="3E5160535305A62DFAE67550FC6BF823" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5305A62CFC897496FAA8FA41:3E5160535305A62DFAE67550FC6BF823" name="South America" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">South America</location>
)
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC9F75B6FC77F865" blockId="6.[831,898,1963,1987]" box="[831,898,1963,1987]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Adult.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFF657318FE48FEFB" blockId="7.[174,779,261,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
Medium-sized crane flies with body length
<quantity id="FC769B6D5304A62CFD0C7318FF22FE9B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" metricValueMax="11.1" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" unit="mm" value="8.8" valueMax="11.1" valueMin="6.5">6.5-11.1 mm</quantity>
and wing length
<quantity id="FC769B6D5304A62CFE347338FDD7FE9B" box="[404,546,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.5" valueMin="7.5">7.5-10.5 mm</quantity>
. Body coloration varies from yellow to brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFF65737BFD3AFDE6" blockId="7.[174,779,261,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Head: Rounded posteriorly without neck-like extension. Vertex wide without tubercle, or with very small and indistinct tubercle. Antenna with 14-segmented flagellum, usually longer in males, reaching wing base or base of abdomen, if bent backwards. Flagellomeres elongate, apical segment subequal in length to preceding. Verticils long and distinct, usually longer than respective segment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFF657055FE70FB63" blockId="7.[174,779,261,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
Thorax: Prothorax elongate. Mesonotal prescutum without or with indistinct small tubercular pits, pseudosutural fovea small and indistinct, longitudinal stripes present, but number varies, one, two or four. Pleuron with bare katepisternum and small reduced meron, thus middle and posterior coxae close to each other. Wing long and narrow, patternless or with dark spots surrounding cross-veins, stigma present.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFE0F7134FDF1FCE7" box="[431,516,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Arculus</emphasis>
missing, vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFD0F7137FD3CFCE7" box="[687,713,810,833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching wing margin close to the branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFF0E7176FF3DFC24" box="[174,200,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFF767176FF0AFC24" box="[214,255,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">sc-r</emphasis>
slightly before tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFE497177FDF7FC27" box="[489,514,874,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Sc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFDB07176FDDCFC25" box="[528,553,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5304A62CFDB07176FDD5FC24" box="[528,544,875,898]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="A70A34CD5304A62CFD80716FFDDCFC25" attach="left" box="[544,553,882,899]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">1</subScript>
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short and transverse, or elongate,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFE957196FEBBFC05" box="[309,334,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5304A62CFE957196FEB0FC04" box="[309,325,907,930]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">R</collectionCode>
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</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFE267196FE6AFC05" box="[390,415,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5304A62CFE267196FE63FC04" box="[390,406,907,930]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="A70A34CD5304A62CFE36718FFE6AFC05" attach="left" box="[406,415,914,931]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">4</subScript>
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nearly parallel to each other, just slightly diverging at wing margin. Cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFDEA71B6FD93FC65" box="[586,614,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
m
<subScript id="A70A34CD5304A62CFDFD71AFFD93FC65" attach="left" box="[605,614,946,963]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
long with short stem, sometimes stem missing. Discal cell always present, elongate. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFE2C71F1FE34FBA5" box="[396,449,1004,1027]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">m-cu</emphasis>
distinctly beyond base, usually close to the middle of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous, reaching wing margin close to the level of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFD507631FCFFFBE5" box="[752,778,1068,1091]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Rs</emphasis>
base. Anal angle distinct. Wing cells without macrotrichiae. Wing squama setoseless. All legs with tibial spurs, usually foreleg with single spur, middle and posterior legs with two spurs each.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFF6576D0FECBF9CE" blockId="7.[174,779,261,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Abdomen: Tergites with paired transverse sutures close to the anterior margin of sclerite. Male terminalia approximately as wide as the rest abdominal segments, slightly elongate. Sclerites of ninth abdominal segment connected into genital ring in male. Ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin modified, with additional lobes or indentations. Gonocoxite with interbase, elongate, with or without ventro-mesal lobe, two pairs of terminal gonostyli, shape of which is species-specific. Aedeagus species-specific, could be short and straight, but elongate in some species. Ovipositor with long and narrow cerci and hypovalvae, distal part of cercus slightly raised upwards, point-apexed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFF65746CFEFCF92E" blockId="7.[174,779,261,1995]" box="[197,265,1649,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Larva.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFF65748CFA63FD67" blockId="7.[174,779,261,1995]" lastBlockId="7.[839,1445,261,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
Body white. Head capsule oval, depressed dorsoventrally and slightly reduced (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFE7774ACFDAAF96F" author="Wood, H. G." box="[471,607,1713,1737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref40968" refString="Wood, H. G. 1952. The crane-flies of the South-West Cape (Diptera, Tipuloidea). Annals of the South African Museum, 39, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Wood, 1952</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFDCC74ACFCF3F96F" author="Lindner, E." box="[620,774,1713,1737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="209 - 319" refId="ref39804" refString="Lindner, E. 1959. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Larven der Limoniidae (Diptera). Zeitschrift fur Morphologie und Okolo- gie der Tiere 48: 209 - 319." type="journal article" year="1959">Lindner, 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFF0E74CCFE80F94F" author="Krivosheina, N. P." box="[174,373,1745,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="125 - 133" refId="ref39677" refString="Krivosheina, N. P. 2009. Xylophilous complex of limoniid flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) in Russia. Evraziatskii Ento- mologicheskii Zhurnal 8: 125 - 133 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="2009">Krivosheina, 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFE2174CCFCF5F94F" author="Krivosheina, N. P. &amp; M. G. Krivosheina" box="[385,768,1745,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="1 - 294" refId="ref39712" refString="Krivosheina, N. P. and M. G. Krivosheina. 2011. Key to terrestrial crane-fly larvae (Diptera, Limoniidae, Pediciidae) of Russia. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow: 1 - 294." type="book chapter" year="2011">Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Frons triangular, separated from internolateralia by frontal sutures. Coronal suture wide, dorsal sutures reaching one-third of head capsule length. Clypeus separated from frons, fused with labrum. Labrum consists of two membranous areas with sensory structures which are separated by elongated outgroove. Antenna cylindrical, three times as long as wide at base. Apical papilla button-shaped. Mandible large, heavily sclerotized, with two well developed apical teeth. Ventral and dorsal margins with several smaller teeth. Maxilla well developed, sclerotized at the base and setose at the apex, cardo large. Hypostoma with five teeth. Hypopharynx shaped as a hemispherical cushion with numerous short spines, laterally supported by H-shaped hypopharyngeal bar. Prementum reduced. Abdominal segments II- VII with ventral and dorsal creeping welts. Spiracular lobes reduced. Spiracular field surrounded by five sclerites: dorsal and two pairs of lateral. Spiracle oval. Anal field with two pairs of white fleshy anal papillae. Larvae are terrestrial, developing in decomposing fungi and decaying wood (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFAA27095FA6AFD06" author="Lindner, E." box="[1282,1439,648,672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="209 - 319" refId="ref39804" refString="Lindner, E. 1959. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Larven der Limoniidae (Diptera). Zeitschrift fur Morphologie und Okolo- gie der Tiere 48: 209 - 319." type="journal article" year="1959">Lindner, 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFCE770B5FBFEFD67" author="Krivosheina, N. P." box="[839,1035,680,705]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="125 - 133" refId="ref39677" refString="Krivosheina, N. P. 2009. Xylophilous complex of limoniid flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) in Russia. Evraziatskii Ento- mologicheskii Zhurnal 8: 125 - 133 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="2009">Krivosheina, 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFBB570B5FA7EFD67" author="Krivosheina, N. P. &amp; M. G. Krivosheina" box="[1045,1419,680,705]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="1 - 294" refId="ref39712" refString="Krivosheina, N. P. and M. G. Krivosheina. 2011. Key to terrestrial crane-fly larvae (Diptera, Limoniidae, Pediciidae) of Russia. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow: 1 - 294." type="book chapter" year="2011">Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFCFE70D4FC6FFD46" blockId="7.[839,1445,261,1511]" box="[862,922,713,736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Pupa.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFCFE70F4FC2AFBA5" blockId="7.[839,1445,261,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
Body yellowish brown. Head: Cephalic crest consists of two pairs of short outgrooves. Mesonotal spines absent. Antenna short, reaching base of wing. Thorax: Pronotal horns elongated, with acute apices directed ventrally. Sheaths of legs reaching middle of fifth abdominal segment. Abdomen: Abdominal segments divided by fissures into short anterior and long posterior parts. Segments III- VII with dorsal and ventral transversal rows of spines (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFCEE71F6FC27FBA5" author="Wood, H. G." box="[846,978,1003,1027]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref40968" refString="Wood, H. G. 1952. The crane-flies of the South-West Cape (Diptera, Tipuloidea). Annals of the South African Museum, 39, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Wood, 1952</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885304A62CFCFE7611FAA8FA41" blockId="7.[839,1445,261,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">
A total of 190 species belong to
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFB7F7616FA51FB85" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1938" box="[1247,1444,1035,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFB7F7616FA51FB85" box="[1247,1444,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
worldwide (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFC697631FB6BFBE2" author="Oosterbroek, P." box="[969,1182,1068,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek, 2020</bibRefCitation>
). They are divided into five subgenera
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFC477651FC02FBC5" box="[999,1015,1100,1123]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">A</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFBAB7651FB40FBC2" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" box="[1035,1205,1100,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Archilimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFBAB7651FB40FBC2" box="[1035,1205,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Archilimnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFB647651FA77FBC2" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1220,1410,1100,1124]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="28 - 60" refId="ref38480" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1934 b. Superfamily Tipuloidea. In: Curran, C. H., The families and genera of North American Diptera: 28 - 60." type="book chapter" year="1934">Alexander, 1934b</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFA2D7651FA68FBC5" box="[1421,1437,1100,1123]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">A</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFCF07671FBF0FB22" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1938" box="[848,1029,1132,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFCF07671FBF0FB22" box="[848,1029,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFBB27671FB38FB22" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1042,1229,1132,1156]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref38176" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1920 a. The crane-flies collected by the Swed- ish expedition (1895 - 1896) to southern Chile and Tierra del Fuego (Tipulidae, Diptera). Arkiv for Zoologi 13 (6): 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1920">Alexander, 1920a</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFB777671FB12FB25" box="[1239,1255,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">A</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFB5A7671FA6EFB22" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1950" box="[1274,1435,1132,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Limnophilaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFB5A7671FA6EFB22" box="[1274,1435,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Limnophilaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFCE77691FBF2FB02" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[839,1031,1164,1188]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="672 - 695" refId="ref38848" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1950 a. New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). LXXXVII. Oriental-Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12) 3: 672 - 695." type="journal article" year="1950">Alexander, 1950a</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFBB37690FBD6FB02" box="[1043,1059,1165,1188]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">A</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFB997691FB29FB02" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1954" box="[1081,1244,1164,1188]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Mediophragma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFB997691FB29FB02" box="[1081,1244,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Mediophragma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFB4C7691FA6AFB02" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1260,1439,1164,1188]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="31 - 46" refId="ref38957" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1954. Records and descriptions of Brazilian crane-flies (Diptera, Tipulidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 1: 31 - 46." type="journal article" year="1954">Alexander, 1954</bibRefCitation>
, and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFCD876B0FC7DFB62" box="[888,904,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">A</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFC3F76B0FBBFFB63" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1956" box="[927,1098,1197,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Phragmocrypta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFC3F76B0FBBFFB63" box="[927,1098,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Phragmocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFBFB76B0FAE3FB63" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1115,1302,1197,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" pagination="129 - 380" refId="ref39024" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1956. Tipulidae. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934 - 35, 1: 129 - 380." type="journal article" year="1956">Alexander, 1956</bibRefCitation>
. Nominative subgenus with 175 species has worldwide distribution,
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFCE776F0FC04FAA3" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" box="[839,1009,1261,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Archilimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFCE776F0FC04FAA3" box="[839,1009,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Archilimnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 6 species with only a Holarctic distribution,
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFCDD7710FBEBFA83" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1950" box="[893,1054,1293,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Limnophilaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFCDD7710FBEBFA83" box="[893,1054,1293,1317]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Limnophilaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with only two species recorded from the Oriental Region,
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFB8B7733FB3BFAE0" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1954" box="[1067,1230,1326,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Mediophragma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFB8B7733FB3BFAE0" box="[1067,1230,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Mediophragma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with only two species recorded from the Neotropics,
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5304A62CFB667753FA99FAC0" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1956" box="[1222,1388,1358,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Phragmocrypta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5304A62CFB667753FA99FAC0" box="[1222,1388,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="499">Phragmocrypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with five species that only have a Afrotropic distribution (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFAC87773FC28FA01" author="Oosterbroek, P." pageId="7" pageNumber="499" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek, 2020</bibRefCitation>
). One fossil species is described from Low- er Cretaceous Burmese amber and one species is recorded from Dominican Miocene amber (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795304A62CFB0977D2FAA7FA41" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[1193,1362,1487,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="499" refId="ref39469" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. 2014. Family Limoniidae. In: Catalog of the fossil flies of the world (Insecta: Diptera) website [Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / fossilcat / fosslimoniidae. html Version 16 Feb 2014]." type="url" year="2014">Evenhuis, 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFCE7746DFBC8F92E" bold="true" box="[839,1085,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Dicranoptycha venosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795306A62EFBE1746DFAF0F92F" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1089,1285,1648,1673]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" pagination="531 - 611" refId="ref38258" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1924 a. New or little-known crane flies from northern Japan (Tipulidae, Diptera). Philippine Journal of Science 24: 531 - 611." type="journal article" year="1924">Alexander, 1924a</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5306A62EFCE7748CFAD7F90F" ID-CoL="35T2N" authority="Alexander, 1924 a: 561" authorityName="Alexander" authorityPageNumber="561" authorityYear="1924" box="[839,1314,1681,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranoptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venosa">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFCE7748CFBC5F90E" box="[839,1072,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Dicranoptycha venosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795306A62EFB95748CFAD7F90F" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1077,1314,1681,1705]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" pagination="531 - 611" refId="ref38258" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1924 a. New or little-known crane flies from northern Japan (Tipulidae, Diptera). Philippine Journal of Science 24: 531 - 611." type="journal article" year="1924">Alexander, 1924a: 561</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795306A62EFA8C748CFA51F90F" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" box="[1324,1444,1681,1705]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko,</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFCFE74ACFB9EF96F" blockId="5.[839,1444,1648,1737]" box="[862,1131,1713,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Krivolutskaya, 1976: 117.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035306A62DFCFE74ECFA9AFC65" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="description">
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFCFE74ECFAC5F88F" blockId="5.[839,1444,1777,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
General: Thorax dark gray, abdomen dark brown. Body length of male 10.0 mm, wing length
<quantity id="FC769B6D5306A62EFB6D750FFADEF88F" box="[1229,1323,1810,1834]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62DFCFE752FFDEEFAA6" blockId="5.[839,1444,1777,1995]" lastBlockId="6.[144,749,933,1990]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
Head: Dark gray, pruinose. Vertex wide. Male antenna
<quantity id="FC769B6D5306A62EFCE7754FFC60F8CC" box="[839,917,1874,1898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
long. Scape cylindrical, dark brown at base, turning yellowish brown towards distal end. Pedicel widening distally, obscure yellow. Flagellum 14-segmented (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFAD8758EFC9FF86D" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[144,176,814,836]" captionTargetBox="[148,743,266,781]" captionTargetId="figure-672@6.[144,749,257,782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander, 1924, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139289/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), basal flagellomere widely yellow at base, brown at distal end. Second flagellomere narrowly yellowish at base, remainder brown. Third segment brown, indistinctly yellowish at base. Remainder of flagellum brown to dark brown. Basal flagellomere elongate, narrowed at base. Second to fifth segments short, nearly cylindrical, remaining segments spindle shaped, getting longer towards distal end of antenna. Apical flagellomere elongate, approximately as long as penultimate. Verticils short, twice as short as length of respective segment. Rostrum dark brown to black. Palpus short, black, covered with erect brown setae. Mouth parts pale brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FF166005305A62DFF307133FD72FCF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139289/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" startId="6.[144,176,814,836]" targetBox="[148,743,266,781]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFF307133FD72FCF9" blockId="6.[144,749,814,863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFF307133FF3CFCE5" bold="true" box="[144,201,814,836]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5305A62DFF6F7133FDC5FCE2" authority="Alexander, 1924" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" box="[207,560,814,836]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranoptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venosa">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFF6F7133FE62FCE2" box="[207,407,814,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Dicranoptycha venosa</emphasis>
Alexander, 1924
</taxonomicName>
, male. A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFF067715FA9DFE9B" blockId="6.[144,749,933,1990]" lastBlockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
Thorax: Generally dark gray. Mesonotal prescutum with four indistinct darker stripes. Scutellum and mediotergite concolorous with prescutum. Pleuron dark brownish gray, areas above second and third coxae indistinctly yellowish. Wing (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5305A62DFE367794FE1CFA07" box="[406,489,1417,1441]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[144,176,814,836]" captionTargetBox="[148,743,266,781]" captionTargetId="figure-672@6.[144,749,257,782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander, 1924, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139289/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) yellowish to brownish, unpatterned. Stigma indistinct. Veins brown. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFD7377B7FD19FA67" box="[723,748,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching beyond branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFDE677D7FD95FA47" box="[582,608,1482,1505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFDCD77D7FD63FA47" box="[621,662,1482,1505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">sc-r</emphasis>
close to
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFF3077F7FF5CF9A7" box="[144,169,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Sc</emphasis>
tip.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFF7777F6FF04F9A4" box="[215,241,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Rs</emphasis>
long, slightly arched at base.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFD8777F6FDB5F9A5" box="[551,576,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5305A62DFD9777EFFDB5F9A5" attach="left" box="[567,576,1522,1539]" fontSize="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFDD377F6FD79F9A5" box="[627,652,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5305A62DFD2377EFFD79F9A5" attach="left" box="[643,652,1522,1539]" fontSize="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
long and parallel to each other, slightly arched before wing margin. Discal cell long and narrow, three times as long as wide. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFEEB7451FE75F9C5" box="[331,384,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">m-cu</emphasis>
distinctly beyond branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFF0E7471FF31F925" box="[174,196,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">M</emphasis>
, at about one-third of discal cell length.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFDDF7476FD5BF924" box="[639,686,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">CuP</emphasis>
nearly straight, anal vein slightly arched at apex. Anal lobe medium-wide. Halter
<quantity id="FC769B6D5305A62DFE2374B1FE20F965" box="[387,469,1708,1732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
long, pale, knob slightly infuscate. Fore coxa dark brown, postero-ventral margin yellowish. Medial and posterior coxae obscure yellow. Trochanters yellow with dark brown distal rim, which do not extends onto dorsal surface. First femur dark brown with about the basal third yellow. Second and third femur yellow, distal end narrowly dark brown. Tibia brownish yellow, distal end narrowly darkened. Basal tarsomere brownish yellow, with dark brown distal end, remaining tarsomeres dark brown. Legs covered with short, semi-erect brown setae. Femur III and tibia III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5305A62DFB7F7338FAD9FE9B" box="[1247,1324,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" unit="mm" value="9.2">9.2 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC9F7358FB42FDD9" blockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
Abdomen: Grayish brown with dark brown distal segments. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5305A62DFB92737BFB73FED8" box="[1074,1158,358,382]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[144,176,814,836]" captionTargetBox="[148,743,266,781]" captionTargetId="figure-672@6.[144,749,257,782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander, 1924, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139289/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
) obscure yellow. Ninth tergite with widely concave and densely setose posterior margin. Gonocoxite simple, elongate-oval. Outer gonostylus sickle-shaped, wider at base, pointed at apex, posterior margin distinctly serrated. Inner gonostylus fleshy, wider at base, narrower at distal end, blunt-apexed and covered with sparse setae. Lateral process of lateral apodeme of vesica with distinctly arched distal part and small subbasal lobe. Aedeagus bifid at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC897095FC32FD66" blockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC897095FBA1FD07" bold="true" box="[809,1108,648,673]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
Elevation range in
<collectingCountry id="439976185305A62DFBA57094FBBAFD07" box="[1029,1103,649,673]" name="South Korea" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Species was found at about
<quantity id="FC769B6D5305A62DFC8970B5FC9EFD66" box="[809,875,680,704]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" unit="m" value="225.0">225 m</quantity>
altitude.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC8970D4FC34FCA7" blockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC8970D4FC00FD47" bold="true" box="[809,1013,713,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Period of activity:</emphasis>
Species was discovered at the end of May in
<collectingCountry id="439976185305A62DFCDA70F7FC48FCA7" box="[890,957,746,769]" name="South Korea" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC897114FBBDFCC4" blockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC897114FC67FC87" bold="true" box="[809,914,777,801]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Habitats:</emphasis>
Mixed grooves, pine with broad leaved deciduous trees, on slope of nearly dry mountainous stream. Species is attracted to light.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC897177FA9AFC65" blockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC897177FBE8FC24" bold="true" box="[809,1053,874,898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">General distribution:</emphasis>
Species is known from Sakhalin and Kuril Islands of the Russian Far East and
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5305A62DFABE7197FA73FC04" box="[1310,1414,906,930]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="439976185305A62DFCD571B6FC41FC64" box="[885,948,939,962]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Japan</collectingCountry>
. This is the first record from the continent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035305A62DFC8971D6FC78F98E" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3B3136885305A62DFC8971D6FC78F98E" blockId="6.[809,1414,261,1576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFC8971D6FBF9FC45" bold="true" box="[809,1036,971,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5305A62DFBBC71D6FB71FC45" box="[1052,1156,971,995]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
):
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55305A62DFB3A71D6FB79FBE2" collectionCode="NIBR" collectorName="S. Podenas" country="South Korea" county="Yangpyeong" elevation="224" latitude="37.54507" location="Dowon-ri" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.79483" municipality="Cheongun-myeon" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015305A62DFB3A71D6FB12FC45" box="[1178,1255,971,995]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185305A62DFC8971F1FC9AFBA5" box="[809,879,1004,1027]" name="South Korea" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5305A62DFCDD71F6FBE7FBA5" box="[893,1042,1003,1027]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="D2504E045305A62DFBBE71F1FB5EFBA2" box="[1054,1195,1004,1028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Yangpyeong</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF25305A62DFB1971F6FA74FBA5" box="[1209,1409,1003,1027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Cheongun-myeon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3E5160535305A62DFC897616FC61FB85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5306A62DFCE7746DFC78F98E:3E5160535305A62DFC897616FC61FB85" box="[809,916,1035,1059]" country="South Korea" county="Yangpyeong" latitude="37.54507" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.79483" municipality="Cheongun-myeon" name="Dowon-ri" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">Dowon-ri</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5305A62DFC017611FBD1FB85" box="[929,1060,1035,1059]" degrees="37.54507" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" precision="1" value="37.54507">N 37.54507</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5305A62DFB917611FB35FB82" box="[1073,1216,1036,1060]" degrees="127.79483" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" precision="1" value="127.79483">E 127.79483</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5305A62DFB577611FAC9FB85" box="[1271,1340,1036,1060]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" unit="m" value="224.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5305A62DFB577611FAC9FB85" box="[1271,1340,1036,1060]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" unit="m" value="224.0">224 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 2017. 05.28,
<collectorName id="967B535E5305A62DFCD07631FC11FBE2" box="[880,996,1068,1092]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">S. Podenas</collectorName>
, at light (
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5305A62DFBE17631FB70FBE2" box="[1089,1157,1068,1092]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r4iq-k5jx" name="National Institute of Biological Resources" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">NIBR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55305A62DFB347631FB06FB22" collectorName="Russian Far East" country="Japan" location="Also" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" specimenCount="1">
<location id="3E5160535305A62DFB347631FB30FBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5306A62DFCE7746DFC78F98E:3E5160535305A62DFB347631FB30FBE2" box="[1172,1221,1068,1092]" country="Japan" name="Also" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Also</location>
compared with
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5305A62DFACC7631FC84FBC2" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranoptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venosa">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFACC7631FC84FBC2" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">D. venosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens listed in
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795305A62DFBE67651FAEFFBC2" author="Podenas, S. &amp; H. - W. Byun &amp; S. - K. Kim" box="[1094,1306,1100,1124]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" pagination="61 - 96" refId="ref40245" refString="Podenas, S., H. - W. Byun and S. - K. Kim. 2015. Limoniinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) new to Korea. Journal of Species Research 4: 61 - 96." type="journal article" year="2015">
Podenas
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5305A62DFB047650FB2CFBC2" box="[1188,1241,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015
</bibRefCitation>
and specimens from
<collectingCountry id="439976185305A62DFC087670FC16FB22" box="[936,995,1133,1156]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Japan</collectingCountry>
and the
<collectorName id="967B535E5305A62DFB9E7671FB06FB22" box="[1086,1267,1132,1156]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Russian Far East</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55305A62DFB5D7671FBF0FB63" collectingDate="1922-07-28" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Teiso Esaki" country="Japan" location="Saghalien" municipality="Maoka" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015305A62DFB5D7671FAB1FB22" box="[1277,1348,1132,1156]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(wing slide mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185305A62DFC7E7690FBEAFB02" box="[990,1055,1165,1188]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF25305A62DFB8D7691FB8EFB02" box="[1069,1147,1164,1188]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Maoka</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3E5160535305A62DFB287691FB03FB02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5306A62DFCE7746DFC78F98E:3E5160535305A62DFB287691FB03FB02" box="[1160,1270,1164,1188]" country="Japan" municipality="Maoka" name="Saghalien" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Saghalien</location>
,
<date id="4F3010485305A62DFAA47690FA74FB03" box="[1284,1409,1165,1189]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" value="1922-07-28">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05305A62DFAA47690FA74FB03" box="[1284,1409,1165,1189]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" value="1922-07-28">1922.07.28</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5305A62DFC8976B0FC54FB63" box="[809,929,1197,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="498">Teiso Esaki</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5305A62DFC0C76B0FC08FB63" box="[940,1021,1197,1221]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55305A62DFBAF76B0FA99FB43" collectingDate="1922-09-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Teiso Esaki" country="Japan" location="Shikotsu" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015305A62DFBAF76B0FBA3FB63" box="[1039,1110,1197,1221]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="498" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(wing slide mounted),
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,
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174
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Key to Korean species of the genus
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFB4D7134FA65FCE7" bold="true" box="[1261,1424,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Dicranoptycha</emphasis>
Osten Sacken
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(updated from
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Podenas
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, 2015
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<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE77197FA56FC04" box="[839,1443,906,930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">1. Abdomen brown or dark brown···································2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFCE771B6FA56FC45" blockId="5.[839,1445,906,1608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE771B6FA56FC45" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">– Abdomen light brown or yellow. Posterior margin of aedeagal process rounded or very shallowly concave···3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="807A2E2D5306A62EFCE771F6FA51FB03" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
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<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE771F6FA51FBE2" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
2. Posterior margin of outer gonostylus distinctly serrated (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFCC97616FC48FB82" box="[873,957,1035,1060]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[144,176,814,836]" captionTargetBox="[148,743,266,781]" captionTargetId="figure-672@6.[144,749,257,782]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander, 1924, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139289/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
), posterior margin of aedeagal process round- ed··················
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5306A62EFC517631FA51FBE2" ID-CoL="35T2N" authority="Alexander, 1924 a" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" box="[1009,1444,1068,1092]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranoptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venosa">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFC517631FB17FBE5" box="[1009,1250,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Dicranoptycha venosa</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE77651FA51FB03" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
– Posterior margin of outer gonostylus smooth, posteri- or margin of aedeagal process deeply concave, “M”- shaped ···
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5306A62EFC667691FA51FB03" ID-CoL="35SZX" authority="Alexander, 1938 a" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1938" box="[966,1444,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranoptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolongata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFC667691FB16FB02" box="[966,1251,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Dicranoptycha prolongata</emphasis>
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3. Radial sector of wing very short. Antenna light brown or yellow, distal flagellomeres yellow··························· ···
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFC2076F0FB38FAA3" box="[896,1229,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Dicranoptycha gyebangsaniana</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE77713FA56FAE0" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">– Radial sector long. Antenna dark brown or blackish, distal flagellomeres at least brownish··························4</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE77753FA51FA61" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
4. Prescutum with three dark brown to blackish longitudinal stripes, that are more or less confluent posteriorly. Head light gray. Male body length above
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············· ················
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<keyLead id="807F95BD5306A62EFCE777CDFA51F9EE" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
– Prescutum with four dark brown, blurred, but not interrupted longitudinal stripes. Head brown or dark gray. Male body length less than
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···································· ··
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Podenas
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, 2015
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFC897055FC4CFDC6" bold="true" box="[809,953,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Dicranomyia</emphasis>
(
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)
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<paragraph id="3B3136885307A62FFC897094FBD2FD67" blockId="4.[809,1413,583,705]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1B9E11A65307A62FFC897094FBD2FD67" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995307A62FFC897094FBD6FD67" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5970512" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5970512" author="Kato, D. &amp; T. Tachi &amp; J. Gelhaus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD535E3EFFAFB667FF6E824CFDA4FBB6" page="189" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" year="2018">
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5307A62FFC897094FBD6FD67" ID-CoL="8GZJV" authority="Kato, Tachi and Gelhaus, 2018: 187 - 189" authorityName="Kato, Tachi and Gelhaus" authorityPageNumber="187 - 189" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="submelas" subGenus="Erostrata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFC897094FC43FD06" box="[809,950,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Dicranomyia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFC637094FBDDFD06" box="[963,1064,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Erostrata</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFB997095FB69FD06" box="[1081,1180,648,672]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">submelas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795307A62FFB047094FBD6FD67" author="Kato, D. &amp; T. Tachi &amp; J. Gelhaus" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" pagination="181 - 194" refId="ref39601" refString="Kato, D., T. Tachi and J. Gelhaus. 2018. Revision of the subgenus Dicranomyia (Erostrata) Savchenko, 1976 (Diptera, Limoniidae) of Japan. Zootaxa 4441: 181 - 194." type="journal article" year="2018">Kato, Tachi and Gelhaus, 2018: 187-189</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885307A62FFCE070F4FB61FC87" blockId="4.[809,1414,745,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">General: Body coloration dark brown. Body length of male 4.0 mm, wing length 5.0 mm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035307A62EFC9F7134FDE9F82D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" type="description">
<paragraph id="3B3136885307A62EFC9F7134FDD1FEBB" blockId="4.[809,1414,745,1189]" lastBlockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
Head: Dark brown, nearly black. Vertex with small tubercle covered with a few semi-erect blackish setae. Eyes widely separated. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5307A62FFB297177FB2EFC24" box="[1161,1243,874,898]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
)
<quantity id="FC769B6D5307A62FFB4C7177FABDFC24" box="[1260,1352,874,898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" unit="mm" value="1.05">1.05 mm</quantity>
long, reaching beyond middle of prescutum if bent backwards. Scape brown, elongate, widening distally. Pedicel dark brown, subglobular, slightly shorter than scape. Flagellum entirely dark brown. Flagellomeres with short pale apical pedicels, seven basal segments subglobular, remaining segments elongate. Apical flagellomere narrow, approximately as long as penultimate. Longest verticils slightly exceeding in length respective segments. Rostrum brown and very short. Palpus dark brown, very short, one-segmented with few long setae at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF657338FD55FC45" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
Thorax: Cervical sclerites and pronotum dark brown to blackish. Mesonotal prescutum dark brown, paler along lateral margin. Scutal lobe dark brown with paler brown postero-lateral angle, area between lobes pale-brown. Scutellum brown frontally, dark brown posteriorly. Mediotergite uniformly grayish brown. Pleuron grayish brown with very indistinct longitudinal stripe. Wing (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFD4073FAFF39FDB9" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) tinged with blackish brown, stigma indistinct, nearly lacking. Veins dark brown. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFDED7035FD93FD99" box="[589,614,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching slightly before the middle of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFE7F7055FE0CFDF9" box="[479,505,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFDA67055FDDAFDF9" box="[518,559,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">sc-r</emphasis>
at tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFD2E7055FD52FDF9" box="[654,679,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Sc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFD147055FD3BFDF9" box="[692,718,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Rs</emphasis>
long, nearly straight, just slightly arched at base.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFD227074FD6EFD27" box="[642,667,617,641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5306A62EFD32706DFD6EFD27" attach="left" box="[658,667,624,641]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
indistinct, transverse.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFE857094FECBFD07" box="[293,318,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5306A62EFE95708DFECBFD07" attach="left" box="[309,318,656,673]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
distinctly beyond tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFDE27094FDA7FD06" box="[578,594,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">R</emphasis>
<subScript id="A70A34CD5306A62EFDF2708DFDAFFD07" attach="left" box="[594,602,656,673]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">1</subScript>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFDC87094FD74FD07" box="[616,641,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5306A62EFDD8708DFD74FD07" attach="left" box="[632,641,656,673]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFD167094FD3AFD06" box="[694,719,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5306A62EFD66708DFD3AFD06" attach="left" box="[710,719,656,672]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">5</subScript>
</emphasis>
long, slightly arched and parallel to each other. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFD4570B4FCFFFD66" box="[741,778,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">r-m</emphasis>
at base of discal cell. Discal cell 1.4 times as long as wide,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFF0E70F7FF16FCA7" box="[174,227,746,769]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">m-cu</emphasis>
at base of discal cell.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFE6E70F4FE08FCA6" box="[462,509,745,768]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">CuP</emphasis>
and anal vein slightly diverging, nearly straight, just slightly arched before wing margin. Anal lobe medium-wide, widely rounded. Halter
<quantity id="FC769B6D5306A62EFF737157FED0FCC7" box="[211,293,842,866]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
long, blackish with yellowish base of stem. Coxae generally grayish brown, but frontal coxa slightly darker and posterior lighter than middle coxa. Trochanters pale brown. Coxae ventrally and trochanters bearing long setae. Leg dark brown with paler base of femur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF6571F6FE56F981" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
Abdomen: Tergites dark brown, nearly black. Two basal sternites pale brown, remaining dark brown, seventh sternite with a long and narrow internal sac at posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFF7B7651FEDFFBC2" box="[219,298,1100,1124]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
). Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFE507651FDB5FBC2" box="[496,576,1100,1124]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) same color as rest of abdomen. Ninth tergite slightly wider than longer with deep and wide notch at middle of posterior margin and lateral setose lobes on both sides. Gonocoxite elongate, cylindrical with long blunt-apexed setose ventro-mesal lobe at distal end. One pair of gonostyli. Gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFD4076F0FF3AFA80" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
) large, nearly as long as gonocoxite, distinctly extended along outer margin, slightly arched, distal margin densely covered with strong blackish spines, outer margin near base with small tubercle armed with two spines. Paramere (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFEBF7792FE85FA01" box="[287,368,1423,1447]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
) generally triangle-shaped, very wide and flat at base, distal part with long and narrow prolon- gation, with hook-shaped apex in dorsal view. Penis long and narrow, nearly cylindrical, covered with fine setae, shortly bilobed at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF0E742DFD66F9EE" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" box="[174,659,1584,1608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFF0E742DFE3AF9EE" bold="true" box="[174,463,1584,1608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
Elevation range in
<collectingCountry id="439976185306A62EFE20742DFE3CF9EE" box="[384,457,1584,1608]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Close to sea level.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF0E744DFE74F90E" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFF0E744DFE8BF9CE" bold="true" box="[174,382,1616,1640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Period of activity:</emphasis>
It was collected in mid-June in
<collectingCountry id="439976185306A62EFD41744CFF27F92E" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Korea</collectingCountry>
, but adults are only observed to be active August- September in
<collectingCountry id="439976185306A62EFE9F748CFE8BF90E" box="[319,382,1681,1704]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF0E74ACFDEAF88C" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFF0E74ACFEEFF96F" bold="true" box="[174,282,1713,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Habitats:</emphasis>
Small groove of deciduous trees and shrubs surrounded by buildings from one side, road and agricultural fields from the other, short distance from small stream and
<quantity id="FC769B6D5306A62EFE86750FFE9AF88C" box="[294,367,1810,1834]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="km" value="1.2">1.2 km</quantity>
from large river.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF0E752FFDE9F82D" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFF0E752FFE54F8EC" bold="true" box="[174,417,1842,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">General distribution:</emphasis>
Previously known from Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu Islands,
<collectingCountry id="439976185306A62EFE56754EFDC0F8CC" box="[502,565,1875,1898]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Japan</collectingCountry>
. Recorded from the Korean Peninsula for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035306A62EFF0E758EFC6BFEF8" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFF0E758EFCFEF86D" blockId="5.[174,780,261,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5306A62EFF0E758EFE64F80D" bold="true" box="[174,401,1939,1963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5306A62EFE00758EFDFFF80D" box="[416,522,1939,1963]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
):
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55306A62EFD80758EFCF2F86D" country="South Korea" county="Paju-si" location="Jeongja-ri" municipality="Gunnae-myeon" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015306A62EFD80758EFD99F80D" box="[544,620,1939,1963]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185306A62EFF0E75A9FF04F86D" box="[174,241,1972,1995]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5306A62EFF5C75AEFE7CF86D" box="[252,393,1971,1995]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="D2504E045306A62EFE3575AEFE15F86D" box="[405,480,1971,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Paju-si</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF25306A62EFE4C75AEFD65F86D" box="[492,656,1971,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Gunnae-myeon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3E5160535306A62EFD3C75AEFCF2F86D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5307A62EFC897055FC6BFEF8:3E5160535306A62EFD3C75AEFCF2F86D" box="[668,775,1971,1995]" country="South Korea" county="Paju-si" municipality="Gunnae-myeon" name="Jeongja-ri" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">Jeongja-ri</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885306A62EFCE77318FC6BFEF8" blockId="5.[839,1444,261,350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55306A62EFCE77318FBA6FE9B" collectingDate="2019-06-26" collectionCode="T" elevation="18" latitude="37.91778" location="Warrior Base Training area" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.74159" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" specimenCount="1">
<location id="3E5160535306A62EFCE77318FB86FEBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5307A62EFC897055FC6BFEF8:3E5160535306A62EFCE77318FB86FEBB" box="[839,1139,261,285]" latitude="37.91778" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.74159" name="Warrior Base Training area" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Warrior Base Training area</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5306A62EFB21731BFAF0FEBB" box="[1153,1285,261,285]" degrees="37.91778" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" precision="1" value="37.91778">N 37.91778</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5306A62EFAB2731BFA55FEBB" box="[1298,1440,261,285]" degrees="126.74159" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" precision="1" value="126.74159">E 126.74159</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5306A62EFCD27338FC5FFE9B" box="[882,938,293,317]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="m" value="18.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5306A62EFCD27338FC5FFE9B" box="[882,938,293,317]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485306A62EFC187338FBC0FE9B" box="[952,1077,293,317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" value="2019-06-26">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05306A62EFC187338FBC0FE9B" box="[952,1077,293,317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" value="2019-06-26">2019.06.26</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5306A62EFBE1733BFBA6FE9B" box="[1089,1107,294,317]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">T</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55306A62EFBFE7338FC6EFEF8" collectionCode="NIBR" collectorName="A. Klein &amp; H. - C. Kim" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="967B535E5306A62EFBFE7338FB34FE9B" box="[1118,1217,293,317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">A. Klein</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5306A62EFB6E7338FAB3FE9B" box="[1230,1350,293,317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">H.-C. Kim</collectorName>
,
<collectingMethod id="E2CF4E9F5306A62EFAF3733BFA51FE9B" box="[1363,1444,294,317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">NJ trap</collectingMethod>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5306A62EFCEF735BFC66FEF8" box="[847,915,326,350]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r4iq-k5jx" name="National Institute of Biological Resources" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">NIBR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="B543A78805F3BF3E18D937411558AAD8">New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
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<heading id="607981E45307A62FFEBC76D0FD95FB43" bold="true" box="[284,608,1229,1253]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" reason="4">Key to Korean species of the</heading>
subgenus
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(
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) Savchenko
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Podenas
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFDA67713FDCEFA83" bold="true" box="[518,571,1293,1317]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
, 2019
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1.Vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFF407753FF0CFAC3" box="[224,249,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching to about middle of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFDC77752FD74FAC0" box="[615,641,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Rs</emphasis>
(
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). Male gonostylus with densely spinose mesal surface (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5307A62FFF117792FED7FA01" box="[177,290,1423,1447]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[808,840,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[823,1405,1267,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-525@4.[812,1411,1257,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Dicranomyia(Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139287/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Fig. 1C, D</figureCitation>
). Hypovalva of ovipositor with smooth dorsal and ventral margins·················································· 2
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<paragraph id="3B3136885307A62FFF3077CDFD19F98E" blockId="4.[144,749,1358,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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– Vein
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shorter, reaching to about one-third of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFD2B77CDFD50FA41" box="[651,677,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Rs</emphasis>
length at most. Male gonostylus without spines. Hypovalva of ovipositor with serrate dorsal and ventral margins ·······4
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2. Posterior margin of ninth tergite of male genitalia with wide and shallow emargination, gonostylus elongate with rounded distal part············································
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(
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– Posterior margin of ninth tergite of male genitalia with deep emargination, gonostylus widened, lateral margin extended into an angle (
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) ······························ 3
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3. Gonostylus of male genitalia elongate, outer margin arched subapically, apical angle small, about one-fifth of gonostylus length ·················································
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(
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)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFE32756FFDD6F82C" box="[402,547,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">globulithorax</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFC887560FC97F835" bold="true" box="[808,866,1917,1939]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
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(
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)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFBE67560FB6DF834" box="[1094,1176,1917,1938]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">submelas</emphasis>
Kato
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFB6E7563FB0EF834" box="[1230,1275,1917,1939]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
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, male.A. antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. gonostylus. E. paramere. F. seventh sternite with internal sac. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
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– Gonostylus of male genitalia wide, nearly as long along mesal margin as wide, outer margin nearly straight, apical angle large, about one-third of gonostylus length (
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)······································································ ·····
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFCC7735BFC04FEFB" box="[871,1009,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Dicranomyia</emphasis>
(
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)
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Kato
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5307A62FFAB0735BFAB0FEFB" box="[1296,1349,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
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4. Brownish yellow species. Male gonostylus obtuseapexed·············································································· ···
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– Body dark brown dorsally, pale yellow ventrally. Distal part of male gonostylus elongate, beak-shaped ·············· ·····
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Kato
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF0E7338FED2FE9B" box="[174,295,293,317]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
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)
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF0E7358FE84FEFB" box="[174,369,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FE217358FDB1FEFB" box="[385,580,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795308A620FDF77358FCF0FEF8" author="Ishida, H." box="[599,773,325,350]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref39548" refString="Ishida, H. 1959. The catalogue of the Japanese Tipulidae, with the keys to the genera and subgenera (Diptera). V. Limoniinae, Tribe Hexatomini. Science Report of the Hyogo University of Agriculture, Serie Natural Sciences 4 (1): 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1959">Ishida, 1959: 2</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795308A620FF65737BFDB1FED8" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" box="[197,580,358,382]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 55</bibRefCitation>
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;
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;
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species:
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FEE773BBFDCDFE18" box="[327,568,422,446]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Limnophila eutaeniata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795308A620FDE073BBFD4AFE18" author="Bigot, J. M. F." box="[576,703,422,446]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref39292" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. 1888. Dipteres. Ministeres de la Marine et de l Instruction Publique: Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn, 1882 - 1883, VI. Zoologie, 2. Insectes. Gauthier-Villars et Fils, Paris: 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1888">Bigot, 1888</bibRefCitation>
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(
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) (original designation)
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.
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<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF65701AFEFDFDB9" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" box="[197,264,519,543]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Adult.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF65703AFDDAFD26" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">
Medium-sized crane flies with body length
<quantity id="FC769B6D5308A620FD0C703AFF22FDF9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" metricValueMax="11.1" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="503" unit="mm" value="8.8" valueMax="11.1" valueMin="6.5">6.5-11.1 mm</quantity>
and wing length
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. Body coloration yellowish brown, light brown or brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF657095FE92FCA7" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Head: Antenna with 14-segmented flagellum, longer in male, reaching somewhat beyond wing base at most, if bent backwards. Scape approximately twice as long as first flagellomere.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF657114FF0BFBA5" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">
Thorax: Wing patternless or with abundant small spots [e.g.,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF4D7137FF08FCE7" box="[237,253,810,833]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">A</emphasis>
. (
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.)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FE9C7134FE76FCE7" box="[316,387,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">accola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795308A620FE2A7134FDC8FCE7" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[394,573,809,833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503" pagination="737 - 752" refId="ref39115" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1961. New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). CX. Oriental-Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (13) 3: 737 - 752." type="journal article" year="1961">Alexander, 1961</bibRefCitation>
from
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or
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF0E7157FF4BFCC7" box="[174,190,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">A</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF737157FF16FCC7" box="[211,227,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">A</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF5C7157FE98FCC4" box="[252,365,842,866]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">agathicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795308A620FED47157FDD3FCC4" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[372,550,842,866]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503" pagination="435 - 454" refId="ref38921" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1952. New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). XCII. Oriental-Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12) 5: 435 - 454." type="journal article" year="1952">Alexander, 1952</bibRefCitation>
from
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], stigma indistinct or missing. Radial sector comparatively short, vein
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<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5308A620FE837196FEC6FC04" box="[291,307,907,930]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">R</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FE93718FFEC9FC05" box="[307,316,914,931]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">2</emphasis>
+
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few times as long as
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, cell
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r
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with short stem, cell
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r
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few times longer than vein
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</emphasis>
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+
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+
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, cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FF4571D1FEFEFC45" box="[229,267,972,995]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">r-m</emphasis>
distinct, well developed. Anal angle long and narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF657616FD51FB62" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Abdomen: Male terminalia: ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin with two small lobes and wide but shallow median incision between them, but without lateral lobes. Gonocoxite without large ventro-mesal lobe. Outer gonostylus slightly arched. Two pairs of small elongate semi-membranous plate-shaped parameres.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FCE77639FC73FB9F" bold="true" box="[839,902,1060,1082]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
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(
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)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5308A620FB4A7639FAC6FB9F" box="[1258,1331,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">asiatica</emphasis>
(
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)
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. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. wing, variation of venation. D. male genitalia, dorsal view. E. ninth sternite of male genitalia, ventral view. F. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF6576D0FD8FFAA3" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">
Subgenus includes 175 described species and has worldwide distribution (
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885308A620FF657713FD76FA80" blockId="11.[174,780,519,1318]" box="[197,643,1293,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="503">Larva and pupa as described for the genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

194
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<typeStatus id="E435882A530BA623FF3071D6FF31FC45" box="[144,196,971,995]" pageId="8" pageNumber="500">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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(Holarctic) (original designation).
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Medium-sized crane flies with body length 8.0-11.0 mm and wing length
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. Body coloration dark brown.
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Thorax: Wing patternless or with dark spots surrounding cross-veins, stigma distinct, dark brown. Vein
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far beyond branching point of
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and
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, cell
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r
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with long stem, vein
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approximately as long as cell
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r
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, cross-vein
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distinct, well developed. Anal angle widely rounded.
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<paragraph id="3B313688530BA623FF0677F2FD56F96F" blockId="8.[144,749,1068,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="500">Abdomen: Male terminalia: ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin with two lobes, sometimes also with tooth-shaped lateral lobe. Gonocoxite with large ventro-mesal lobe, often distinctly wider at base, narrow- er towards apex. Outer gonostylus with large tooth or finger-shaped apical lobe. Two pairs of large blackened spine-shaped parameres. Aedeagus short and wide.</paragraph>
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Subgenus with 6 described species has Holarctic distribution (
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).
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<mods:namePart id="5358A8947090C7F9ADA56E4DDF9BC18E">Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2049FA9BC09C7717FAFB46D25F350833">Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT- 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania &amp; Life Sciences Center of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8568FFFFE779B9F9E9CCDD2DB0008AA0" type="email">sigitas.podenas@gamtc.lt</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2B9D2C6EE6F6181275669F85E79AC993">Park, Sun-Jae</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F83C0FD8D7763BA9C39B45D1A50B58BC">Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="908F968F6C3816010114115B35311B3F">Byun, Hye-Woo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C494C274FA44F88A7EA1A1FF8D12F31F">Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="13EDAC6B2F46039DE966DD060EEC3846">Kim, A-Young</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A4EA53AD848C1064333661DFDCAE838">Klein, Terry A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9965BC7FD48FA1DDCC217CCD48C06091">Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea (MEDDAC-K) / 65 th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96271</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="13D2BA1BD637C00CA8381666ED7361D7">Aukštikalnienė, Heung-Chul Kim and Rasa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="6315DEFC16A35C8AE884AD3DA3698F93">2020</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="3B313688530EA626FCE770F4FB73FCA7" blockId="13.[839,1444,745,898]" box="[839,1158,745,769]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<heading id="607981E4530EA626FCE770F4FB73FCA7" bold="true" box="[839,1158,745,769]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B530EA626FCE770F4FB73FCA7" ID-CoL="87G8W" authority="van der Wulp, 1880" authorityName="van der Wulp" authorityYear="1880" box="[839,1158,745,769]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Conosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FCE770F4FB73FCA7" bold="true" box="[839,1158,745,769]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FCE770F4FC54FCA7" bold="true" box="[839,929,745,769]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">Conosia</emphasis>
van der
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530EA626FBA570F4FB73FCA7" author="Wulp, F. M." box="[1029,1158,745,769]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" pagination="155 - 194" refId="ref41001" refString="Wulp, F. M., van der 1880. Eenige Diptera van Nederlandsch Indie. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 23: 155 - 194." type="journal article" year="1880">Wulp, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="73946503530EA626FCE77117FB32FCE7" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3B313688530EA626FCE77117FB32FCE7" blockId="13.[839,1444,745,898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1B9E11A6530EA626FCE77117FB32FCE7" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F1099530EA626FCE77117FAF0FC87" author="Wulp, F. M." box="[839,1285,777,801]" page="160" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" year="1880">
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B530EA626FCE77117FAF0FC87" ID-CoL="87G8W" authority="van der Wulp, 1880: 159 - 160" authorityName="van der Wulp" authorityPageNumber="159 - 160" authorityYear="1880" box="[839,1285,777,801]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Conosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FCE77117FC56FC87" box="[839,931,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">Conosia</emphasis>
van der
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530EA626FBAB7114FAF0FC87" author="Wulp, F. M." box="[1035,1285,777,801]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" pagination="155 - 194" refId="ref41001" refString="Wulp, F. M., van der 1880. Eenige Diptera van Nederlandsch Indie. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 23: 155 - 194." type="journal article" year="1880">Wulp, 1880: 159-160</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F1099530EA626FAB37114FC48FCE7" author="Wood, H. G." page="253" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530EA626FAB37114FC48FCE7" author="Wood, H. G." pageId="13" pageNumber="505" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref40968" refString="Wood, H. G. 1952. The crane-flies of the South-West Cape (Diptera, Tipuloidea). Annals of the South African Museum, 39, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Wood, 1952: 253-254</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F1099530EA626FC687134FB36FCE7" author="Ribeiro, G. C." box="[968,1219,809,834]" page="677" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530EA626FC687134FB36FCE7" author="Ribeiro, G. C." box="[968,1219,809,834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" pagination="627 - 694" refId="ref40358" refString="Ribeiro, G. C. 2008. Phylogeny of the Limnophilinae (Limoniidae) and early evolution of the Tipulomorpha (Diptera). Invertebrate Systematics 22: 627 - 694." type="journal article" year="2008">Ribeiro, 2008: 677-678</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B313688530EA626FCE77157FC54FC24" blockId="13.[839,1444,745,898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<typeStatus id="E435882A530EA626FCE77157FC8FFCC4" box="[839,890,842,866]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B530EA626FC787157FAA1FCC4" authority="Wiedemann, 1828" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1828" box="[984,1364,842,866]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrorata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FC787157FB66FCC7" box="[984,1171,842,866]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">Limnobia irrorata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530EA626FB387157FAA1FCC4" author="Wiedemann, C. R. W." box="[1176,1364,842,866]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505" refId="ref40932" refString="Wiedemann, C. R. W. 1828. Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werks. Erst- er Theil. Schulz, Hamm. xxxii + 608 pp, 7 pls." type="book" year="1828">Wiedemann, 1828</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(monotypic).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530EA626FCFE71B6FC57FC65" blockId="13.[839,1444,939,1996]" box="[862,930,939,963]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">Adult.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530EA626FCFE71D6FC8EFB23" blockId="13.[839,1444,939,1996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">General: Medium to larger sized crane flies with body length ranging from 9.5 to 17.0 mm, wing length 7.0-13.0 mm. Females usually larger than males. Wing shorter than body length, especially in females. Body coloration varies from yellowish brown to brown sparsely dusted with gray.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530EA626FCFE7691FC36F98E" blockId="13.[839,1444,939,1996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">Head: Vertex with small tubercle. Eyes widely separated dorsally in both sexes, but meet each other ventrally. Antenna 12-segmented with large, strongly elongate scape, comparatively big pedicel, first flagellomere distinctly smaller than pedicel, subglobular, but distinctly wider than remaining elongate flagellomeres. Apical flagellomere very short, button-shaped. Antenna short, reaching slightly beyond frontal margin of prescutum in both sexes, if bent backwards. Longest verticils three times as long as respective segments on basal flagellomeres, twice as long as respective segments on distal flagellomeres. Rostrum short, labella slightly elongate. Palpomeres partially fused.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530EA625FCFE742DFE70FEFB" blockId="13.[839,1444,939,1996]" lastBlockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
Thorax: Pronotum small. Mesonotal prescutum large, raised over pronotum frontally, tubercular pits missing, pseudosutural foveae small, surface covered with abundant small dark spots, usually with darker median stripe, divided longitudinally by narrow dark line. Katepisternum naked. Meron small, thus second and third pairs of legs close to each other. Wing usually wider in males and narrower in females. Male wing often with large projection at apex of anal vein. Wing pattern includes numerous small spots scattered through the whole surface and larger spots along frontal margin. Venation: arculus present, numerous cross-veins in costal cell,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FB147589FB38F80A" box="[1204,1229,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D530EA626FB147589FB31F80D" box="[1204,1220,1940,1963]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="A70A34CD530EA626FB647586FB38F80A" attach="left" box="[1220,1229,1947,1964]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
short distance from base of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FC3C75A9FC41F86A" box="[924,948,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D530EA626FC3C75A9FC59F86D" box="[924,940,1972,1995]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="A70A34CD530EA626FC0C75A6FC41F86A" attach="left" box="[940,948,1979,1996]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FC6475A9FC1CF86D" box="[964,1001,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">r-m</emphasis>
at the base of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FB2B75A9FB54F86D" box="[1163,1185,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">M</emphasis>
<subScript id="A70A34CD530EA626FB0175A6FB37F86A" attach="left" box="[1185,1218,1979,1996]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FB0175A6FB5FF86A" box="[1185,1194,1979,1996]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">1</emphasis>
+
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530EA626FB1A75A6FB37F86A" box="[1210,1218,1979,1996]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="505">2</emphasis>
</subScript>
, discal cell elongate,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530DA625FF30731BFF30FEBB" box="[144,197,262,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">m-cu</emphasis>
oblique, short distance beyond base of discal cell. Anal angle small, widely rounded. Tibial spurs lacking. Claw simple, spineless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF06737BFDF5FDF9" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Abdomen: Elongate, usually with abundant small dark spots scattered on tergites and sternites. Male genitalia narrow. Gonocoxite elongate, simple, without ventro-mesal lobe, two pairs of terminal gonostyli. Interbase long and narrow, sometimes with modified apex. Penis simple, long and narrow. Ovipositor with long arched and sclerotized cercus and distinctly shorter hypovalva, usually reaching to about middle of cercus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF067075FF1EFDD9" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" box="[166,235,616,639]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Larva.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF067095FEACFD66" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">General: Body slender, terete, yellowish, covered with dense golden hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF0670D4FD14FB63" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Head: Elongate-oval, depressed dorsoventrally and very reduced. Genae reduced to one pair of sclerotized internolateralia and two pairs of sclerotized externolateralia. Labrum and clypeus separated. Labrum membranous, elongate-oval with several symmetric sensory structures, anterior part produced into two truncate lobes confluent medially. Clypeus trapezoid, slightly sclerotized, anterior part with symmetrical sensory rings and cushions of long hairs. Frons reduced. Antenna reaching half the length of the mandible. Basal segment of antenna cylindrical, five times as long as width at the base. Apical segment short and sculptured. Mandible sickle-shaped, with a single sharp, curved apical tooth and small tooth at base. Maxilla elongated, approximately as long as one-third of head capsule, inner and outer parts of maxilla fused. Ventral part of head capsule connected with hypopharyngeal bar.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF0676D0FDC2F8AF" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Abdomen: Posterior margins of each abdominal segment elevated into a transverse ridge of hairs, segments II- VII divided into anterior and posterior parts. Terminal segment narrower than penultimate. Spiracular field surrounded by four flattened elongate lobes, dorsal lobe completely reduced. Lateral lobe almost as long as width at base. Ventral lobe more than twice as long as lateral, it is almost three times as long as width at base. Each lobe with long apical hairs, these on lateral lobe almost five times as long as lobe itself, on ventral lobe almost ten times as long as lobe itself. Lateral lobe almost entirely covered with dark sclerite. Ventral lobe with two elongat- ed, narrow, dark sclerites, outer sclerite wider and longer and reaching almost middle of spiracle. Spiracle small and circular. Area separating spiracles as wide as spiracle itself. Anus surrounded by four short, white and fleshy anal papillae. Larvae are developing at the bottom of small springs covered with sand and silt.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF06750FFF17F88F" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" box="[166,226,1810,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Pupa.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF06752FFE65F8EC" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" box="[166,400,1842,1866]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">General: Body brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FF06754FFBD0FEBB" blockId="14.[144,749,261,1996]" lastBlockId="14.[809,1414,261,963]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Head: Cephalic crest absent. Antennal sheath short, reaching base of wing. Labrum trapezoid with blunt rounded apex. Labial lobe diamond-shaped with outgroove on inner margin. Maxillary palpus broad, transversal with small tubercles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FC9F7338FA97FE39" blockId="14.[809,1414,261,963]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Thorax: Pronotal breathing horn elongated with flattened and rounded distal part. Apex of wing reaching posterior margin of second abdominal segment. Legs almost reaching posterior margin of third abdominal segment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FC9F73BBFAB0FD66" blockId="14.[809,1414,261,963]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Abdomen: Tergites and sternites with transverse rows of acute spines anteriorly and posteriorly. Segments II- VII with numerous transverse wrinkles, pleurites II- VII with acute spines posteriorly. Terminal segment of male pupa acute and narrow. Ventral lobe (anal spine) well developed with acute tip directed upward. Posterotergal spine smaller, point-apexed, directed upward. Terminal segment of female pupa elongate. Sheath of cercus longer than valve, directed upward with acute apical spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688530DA625FC9F70D4FB76FC65" blockId="14.[809,1414,261,963]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">
Nine extant species belong to the genus
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B530DA625FB5670D4FABBFD46" authorityName="van der Wulp" authorityYear="1880" box="[1270,1358,713,736]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Conosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530DA625FB5670D4FABBFD46" box="[1270,1358,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Conosia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The highest diversity is in the Afrotropical Region with seven species, while Oriental Region and
<collectingCountry id="43997618530DA625FB687114FADDFC87" box="[1224,1320,777,801]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Australia</collectingCountry>
/Oceania have two species each. One species,
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B530DA625FB167137FC58FCC4" authority="(Wiedemann, 1828)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1828" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrorata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530DA625FB167137FB3DFCE7" box="[1206,1224,810,833]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530DA625FB777137FADEFCE7" box="[1239,1323,810,833]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">irrorata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530DA625FA977134FC53FCC4" author="Wiedemann, C. R. W." pageId="14" pageNumber="506" refId="ref40932" refString="Wiedemann, C. R. W. 1828. Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werks. Erst- er Theil. Schulz, Hamm. xxxii + 608 pp, 7 pls." type="book" year="1828">Wiedemann, 1828</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
has a very wide distribution, extending from
<collectingCountry id="43997618530DA625FC897177FC7EFC24" box="[809,907,874,898]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Africa, Oceania islands, Oriental Region, West and East Palearctic. No fossil species of
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B530DA625FB507196FABFFC04" authorityName="van der Wulp" authorityYear="1880" box="[1264,1354,907,930]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Conosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A530DA625FB507196FABFFC04" box="[1264,1354,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="506">Conosia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been described (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79530DA625FC7071B6FB8DFC65" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[976,1144,939,963]" pageId="14" pageNumber="506" refId="ref39469" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. 2014. Family Limoniidae. In: Catalog of the fossil flies of the world (Insecta: Diptera) website [Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / fossilcat / fosslimoniidae. html Version 16 Feb 2014]." type="url" year="2014">Evenhuis, 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="05B3D20945834222790C980B9D06189F">New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C3FAB9BDA7298F764BB8F6E10097AE72">Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AB62792A1248C766A99895CC7281B6CE">Byun, Hye-Woo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BA66CBF7E36B03242DE7267E7C68EC92">Klein, Terry A.</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FCE77616FC08FB85" bold="true" box="[839,1021,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FBA97616FB4BFB85" bold="true" box="[1033,1214,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FCE77631FC4AFBE2" box="[839,959,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FC6D7631FB77FBE2" box="[973,1154,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
)
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795310A638FCFE7651FC0EFBC2" author="Ishida, H." box="[862,1019,1100,1124]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref39548" refString="Ishida, H. 1959. The catalogue of the Japanese Tipulidae, with the keys to the genera and subgenera (Diptera). V. Limoniinae, Tribe Hexatomini. Science Report of the Hyogo University of Agriculture, Serie Natural Sciences 4 (1): 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1959">Ishida, 1959: 3</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995310A638FBA57651FB1CFBC2" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1029,1257,1100,1124]" page="378" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795310A638FBA57651FB1CFBC2" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1029,1257,1100,1124]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" pagination="196 - 486" refId="ref38742" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1943. Family Tipulidae. In: Crampton, G. C. et al., Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part VI. The Diptera or true flies of Connecticut. First Fascicle. Bulletin Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey 64: 196 - 486." type="journal article" year="1943">Alexander, 1943: 378</bibRefCitation>
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, 381-382; 1965a: 65;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995310A638FC297671FAEFFB22" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" box="[905,1306,1132,1156]" page="63" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795310A638FC297671FAEFFB22" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" box="[905,1306,1132,1156]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 63</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="BA2F10995310A638FA887671FC49FB03" author="Savchenko, E. N." page="90" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795310A638FA887671FC49FB03" author="Savchenko, E. N." pageId="19" pageNumber="511" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref40652" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1989. Komary-limoniidy fauna SSSR [Limoniidae fauna of the USSR]. Determination tables of superspecies taxa with catalogue survey of species. Akadimiya Nauk Ukrainian SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 377 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1989">Savchenko, 1989: 90</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FCE776B0FBF5FB63" box="[839,1024,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FBAF76B0FB3DFB63" box="[1039,1224,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
) Kato, Tachi, 2018: 29
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.
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species:
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FC7C76F0FB3FFAA3" box="[988,1226,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Limnophila fuscovaria</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795310A638FB7276F0FA56FAA3" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[1234,1443,1261,1285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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(
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.
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<paragraph id="3B3136885310A638FCFE7753FC57FAC0" blockId="19.[839,1444,1358,1996]" box="[862,930,1358,1382]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Adult.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885310A638FCFE7773FC64FA61" blockId="19.[839,1444,1358,1996]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">
Small crane flies with body length
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and wing length
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. Body coloration brown to dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885310A638FCFE77D2FC94F9A1" blockId="19.[839,1444,1358,1996]" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Head: Vertex without tubercle. Head rounded posteriorly.</paragraph>
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Thorax: Mesonotal prescutum with small but distinct tubercular pits and pseudosutural fovea. Wing setoseless, wider in male with posterior margin widened at distal part of anal vein, patterned with abundant dark spots and cloudy areas, stigma distinct, dark brown. Vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FAEC748CFA90F90E" box="[1356,1381,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching beyond branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5310A638FB6A74AFFB11F96F" box="[1226,1252,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Rs</emphasis>
, cell
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r
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with additional cross-vein, discal and
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m
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</emphasis>
cells present, cell
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m
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deep, anal vein strongly arched at wing margin, anal cell long and narrow, especially in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885310A63FFCFE752FFF31FEFB" blockId="19.[839,1444,1358,1996]" lastBlockId="20.[144,749,261,737]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="512" pageId="19" pageNumber="511">Abdomen: Abdominal tergites with paired transverse sutures. Male terminalia: ninth tergite wider than longer, gonocoxite elongate, nearly cylindrical, without ventro-mesal lobe. Two pairs of gonostyli. Outer gonostylus long and narrow, sclerotized, bifid at apex. Inner gonostylus elongate, fleshy and setose. Parameres fused and making plate below the aedeagus. Aedeagus simple, elongate tube.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885317A63FFF06737BFD25FE59" blockId="20.[144,749,261,737]" pageId="20" pageNumber="512">
Subgenus includes 35 extant species worldwide (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795317A63FFD17737BFEC5FE38" author="Oosterbroek, P." pageId="20" pageNumber="512" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek, 2020</bibRefCitation>
), no fossil species (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795317A63FFDA3739BFD45FE38" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[515,688,390,414]" pageId="20" pageNumber="512" refId="ref39469" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. 2014. Family Limoniidae. In: Catalog of the fossil flies of the world (Insecta: Diptera) website [Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / fossilcat / fosslimoniidae. html Version 16 Feb 2014]." type="url" year="2014">Evenhuis, 2014</bibRefCitation>
). The highest diversity observed in Oriental Region (24 species) and East Palearctic (7 species), only few representatives are known from the Afrotropical and Nearctic Regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885317A63FFF067015FF31FD99" blockId="20.[144,749,261,737]" pageId="20" pageNumber="512">Larva and pupa described for North American species only.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885317A63FFF067055FDF9FD07" blockId="20.[144,749,261,737]" pageId="20" pageNumber="512">Larva generally as described for the genus, except entirely reduced frons and missing creeping welts. Pupa generally as described for the genus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885317A63FFF0670B5FEFBFD47" blockId="20.[144,749,261,737]" pageId="20" pageNumber="512">The early stages are spent in rich organic mud (Alexan- der, 1920b).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC89701AFC12FDB9" bold="true" box="[809,999,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFC4D701AFB3FFDB9" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[1005,1226,519,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC89703AFC57FD99" box="[809,930,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC0E703AFB96FD99" box="[942,1123,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
)
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFCD37055FB7BFDC6" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[883,1166,584,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="196 - 486" refId="ref38742" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1943. Family Tipulidae. In: Crampton, G. C. et al., Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part VI. The Diptera or true flies of Connecticut. First Fascicle. Bulletin Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey 64: 196 - 486." type="journal article" year="1943">Alexander, 1943: 381-382</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC897075FC2AFD26" box="[809,991,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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species:
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC1E7095FB59FD06" box="[958,1196,648,672]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Limnophila fuscovaria</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFB137095FA73FD06" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[1203,1414,648,672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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(
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.
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<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F70F4FC71FCA7" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" box="[831,900,745,769]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Adult.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F7114FB6BFCC4" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
Small crane flies with body length
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and wing length
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. Body coloration varies from yellow, gray, brown, to dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F7177FC4AFB82" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Head: Rounded posteriorly without neck-like extension. Vertex wide without or with small indistinct tubercle. Antenna 16-segmented, usually longer in male, reaching from frontal margin of prescutum to wing base, if bent backwards. Verticils long and distinct, longer than respective segments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885313A63BFC9F7631FBF5F9EE" blockId="16.[809,1414,745,1995]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
Thorax: Prothorax elongate. Mesonotal prescutum with small distinct separate tubercular pits at frontal margin, pseudosutural fovea distinct, sclerite usually with longitudinal stripes. Pleuron with bare katepisternum and small reduced meron, thus middle and posterior coxae close to each other. Wing long and narrow, cells without macrotrichiae. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC7D76F0FBDEFAA3" box="[989,1067,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">arculus</emphasis>
missing, vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFB6B76F3FB11FAA3" box="[1227,1252,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching wing margin at or beyond branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFAA77713FAD4FA83" box="[1287,1313,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Rs</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFA8F7713FABCFA83" box="[1327,1353,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Rs</emphasis>
long, arched at base; cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFBA67733FBECFAE1" box="[1030,1049,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
r
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</emphasis>
with short stem; cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFAAC7733FADCFAE1" box="[1292,1321,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">
m
<subScript id="A70A34CD5313A63BFA80772BFADCFAE1" attach="left" box="[1312,1321,1334,1351]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
present, deep in some species, very small in other, sometimes missing in some specimens; discal cell always present, elongate; cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFBAC7792FBB7FA00" box="[1036,1090,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">m-cu</emphasis>
close to the middle of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous, reaching wing margin close to the level of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFB8F77CDFBBCFA41" box="[1071,1097,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Rs</emphasis>
base. Anal cell long and narrow. Wing squama setoseless. All legs with tibial spurs, usually foreleg with single spur, middle and posterior legs with two spurs each.
</paragraph>
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Abdomen: Tergites with paired transverse sutures. Male terminalia approximately as wide as the rest abdominal segments, slightly elongate. Ninth tergite wider than longer, simple, without additional structures. Gonocoxite strongly elongate, more than twice as long as wide, interbase well developed, often spoon-shaped, two pairs of terminal gonostyli, outer gonostylus long and narrow, usually bidentate at apex, inner gonostylus fleshy and setose. Aedeagus usually short and straight, curved in
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFACC754EFA8AF8CC" box="[1388,1407,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">D</emphasis>
. (
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5313A63BFC91756FFC20F82C" box="[817,981,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="508">Mixolimnomyia</emphasis>
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)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795313A63BFC46756EFB6AF82D" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[998,1183,1907,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="508" pagination="482 - 485" refId="ref40506" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1979. A new subgenus and a new species of limoniid-flies from the genus Neolimnomyia Seguy (Diptera, Limoniidae). Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrayinskoyi RSR (B) 1979: 482 - 485 (in Ukrainian), 484 - 487 (in Russian, Doklady edition) (with English summary)." type="journal article" year="1979">Savchenko, 1979</bibRefCitation>
. Ovipositor with long and narrow cerci and hypovalvae, distal part of cercus slightly raised upwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657318FF07FE59" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">
A total of 49 species belong to
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFDA97318FD4AFEBB" box="[521,703,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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worldwide (
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). They are divided into three subgenera, two of them,
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. (
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFE457358FD50FEFB" box="[485,677,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Brachylimnophila</emphasis>
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) Alexan- der, 1966 and
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. (
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFED0737BFDD0FED8" box="[368,549,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
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)
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFD96737BFCFEFED8" author="Osten Sacken, C. R." box="[566,779,358,382]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" pagination="197 - 254" refId="ref40053" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254 (the PDF includes the explanation of the plates, given in Osten-Sacken, 1860 b)." type="book chapter" year="1860">Osten Sacken, 1860</bibRefCitation>
occur in
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, another,
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. (
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5312A63AFE48739BFD65FE38" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1979" box="[488,656,390,414]" class="Insecta" genus="Mixolimnomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5312A63AFE48739BFD65FE38" box="[488,656,390,414]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Mixolimnomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFD06739BFEF8FE18" author="Savchenko, E. N." pageId="17" pageNumber="509" pagination="482 - 485" refId="ref40506" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1979. A new subgenus and a new species of limoniid-flies from the genus Neolimnomyia Seguy (Diptera, Limoniidae). Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrayinskoyi RSR (B) 1979: 482 - 485 (in Ukrainian), 484 - 487 (in Russian, Doklady edition) (with English summary)." type="journal article" year="1979">Savchenko, 1979</bibRefCitation>
) has only one species, recorded from Caucasus Mountains only. No fossil species are described (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795312A63AFD0373DAFF12FE59" author="Evenhuis, N. L." pageId="17" pageNumber="509" refId="ref39469" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. 2014. Family Limoniidae. In: Catalog of the fossil flies of the world (Insecta: Diptera) website [Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / fossilcat / fosslimoniidae. html Version 16 Feb 2014]." type="url" year="2014">Evenhuis, 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657015FEFCFDB9" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" box="[197,265,520,543]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Larva.</paragraph>
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Light brown, up to
<quantity id="FC769B6D5312A63AFE3D7035FE2FFD99" box="[413,474,552,576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="509" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
long. Head capsule heavily reduced. Mandible large, sickle shaped. Maxilla elongate, inner and outer lobes fused. Hypopharyngeal bar present on ventral side. Spiracular disk surrounded by five short lobes and entirely fringed with short marginal hairs. Ventral lobe is the longest, dorsal short and blunt, sclerites on lateral and ventral lobes V-shaped, dorsal lobe not pigmented, but lined with longitudinal stripes, ventral lobe with long apical seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657157FEF5FCC7" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" box="[197,256,842,865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Pupa.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF657177FD27FB43" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">
Length up to
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. Head, pronotal horns, sheaths of wings and legs dark brown, abdomen light brown. Cephalic crest prominent. Pronotal horns short, cylindrical, slightly narrowed apically. Mesonotum unarmed. Wing sheaths short, reaching distal margin of second abdominal segment. Sheaths of legs reaching base of fourth abdominal segment. Abdominal segments divided by transverse groove into anterior and posterior parts, anterior part with eight slender tubercles on dorsal surface, posterior part with a transverse row of spines. Spiracles present. Terminal end of male blunt, with additional spines. Terminal segment of female elongated, with additional spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885312A63AFF6576F0FD4EFAA3" blockId="17.[174,779,261,1286]" box="[197,699,1261,1286]" pageId="17" pageNumber="509">Preimaginal stages develop in rich organic mud.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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529
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFF0E7651FED2FBC2" box="[174,295,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFF0E7671FED6FB22" box="[174,291,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Eloeophila</emphasis>
(
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFE177671FDE4FB22" box="[439,529,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">persalsa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795314A63CFDBA7671FE94FB02" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 62</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795314A63CFE2576B0FD96FB63" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[389,611,1197,1221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref40568" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1983. Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 156 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1983">Savchenko, 1983: 51</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795314A63CFDCE76B0FD38FB63" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[622,717,1197,1221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref40652" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1989. Komary-limoniidy fauna SSSR [Limoniidae fauna of the USSR]. Determination tables of superspecies taxa with catalogue survey of species. Akadimiya Nauk Ukrainian SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 377 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1989">1989: 84</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="3B3136885314A63CFF6576F0FF2BFAC0" blockId="23.[174,780,1261,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
General: Body coloration dark brown dusted with gray. Male body length 4.5-5.0 mm, wing length
<quantity id="FC769B6D5314A63CFD267710FCF2FA83" box="[646,775,1293,1318]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" unit="mm" value="7.1" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.7">6.7-7.5 mm</quantity>
. Female body length 5.0-
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, wing length
<quantity id="FC769B6D5314A63CFD187733FF2FFAC0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="7.5">7.5-8.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035314A633FF657773FDB6F9A1" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" type="description">
<paragraph id="3B3136885314A63CFF657773FD66F8CC" blockId="23.[174,780,1261,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
Head: Dark brown, densely dusted with gray and covered with sparse short erect brownish setae. Vertex without tubercle, but with darkening fronto-dorsally. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae slightly exceeds length of both basal antennomeres taken together. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5314A63CFD8F740DFD8AF98E" box="[559,639,1552,1576]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[840,873,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[842,1419,262,888]" captionTargetId="figure-698@23.[839,1444,254,900]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 9. Eloeophila persalsa (Alexander, 1940). A. wing. B. flagel- lum of male antenna. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
) 1.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D5314A63CFD1D740DFCFFF981" box="[701,778,1552,1576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="515" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
long in male, reaching to wing base, if bent backward. Antenna of female 1.0-
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long. Scape dark brown densely dusted with gray, elongate, nearly cylindrical, twice as long as pedicel. Pedicel brown, widened distally. Flagellomeres elongate, narrower towards apex of antenna, covered with whitish pubescence. Basal flagellomeres brownish yellow, distal brown to grayish brown. Apical segment subequal in length to preceding. Verticils dark brown, more than twice as long as respective segments. Rostrum, palpus, and mouth parts dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885314A633FF65756EFEAEFC87" blockId="23.[174,780,1261,1996]" lastBlockId="24.[144,749,261,1995]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
Thorax: Cervical sclerites and pronotum dark brown densely dusted with gray. Mesonotal prescutum dark brown dorsally brown laterally, dusted with gray, with four indistinct longitudinal stripes that are getting darker towards posterior margin of sclerite, medial pair narrowly separated with gray along middle, both stripes coming together posteriorly. Tubercular pits indistinct at frontal margin of sclerite, pseudosutural fovea distinct polished brown to dark brown. Scutal lobe grayish brown because of dense pruinosity with indistinct darker spot at middle. Area between lobes grayish brown, polished brown frontally. Scutellum grayish brown with few erect yellowish setae posteriorly. Mediotergite grayish brown. Pleuron uniformly brown covered with dense brownish-gray pruinosity. Wing (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5314A63CFBA6778DFBAEFA0E" box="[1030,1115,1424,1448]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[840,873,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[842,1419,262,888]" captionTargetId="figure-698@23.[839,1444,254,900]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 9. Eloeophila persalsa (Alexander, 1940). A. wing. B. flagel- lum of male antenna. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
) iridescent with grayish tinge, yellowish at base. Stigma distinct, dark brown, slightly elongate. Brownish spots at base of wing, surrounding branching points of veins and cross-veins and at tips of all longitudinal veins along wing margin. Veins brown in darkened areas, pale in light areas, yellowish at wing base. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC4E744FFBF2F9CF" box="[1006,1031,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching wing margin at branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC68746FFC17F92F" box="[968,994,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC4F746FFBEDF92F" box="[1007,1048,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">sc-r</emphasis>
about three times its length before tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFCC6748FFC8AF90F" box="[870,895,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Sc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC2F748FFC5FF90F" box="[911,938,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Rs</emphasis>
long, angulate and short-spurred at base. Free end of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC3274AEFC5EF96D" box="[914,939,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFC0274A7FC5EF96D" attach="left" box="[930,939,1722,1739]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
short and oblique,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFBD974AEFB67F96D" box="[1145,1170,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFB2974A7FB67F96D" attach="left" box="[1161,1170,1722,1739]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
indistinct, about twice its length before tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFBB574CEFBD8F94D" box="[1045,1069,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFB8574C7FBD8F94D" attach="left" box="[1061,1069,1754,1771]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
, less than its length beyond branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC6874EEFC2DF8AC" box="[968,984,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">R</emphasis>
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFC7874E7FC0EF8AD" attach="left" box="[984,1019,1786,1803]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC7874E7FC14F8AD" box="[984,993,1786,1803]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">2</emphasis>
+
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC5274E7FC0EF8AD" box="[1010,1019,1786,1803]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">3</emphasis>
</subScript>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFB8E74EEFBB3F8AD" box="[1070,1094,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFB9E74E7FBB3F8AD" attach="left" box="[1086,1094,1786,1803]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFBF374EEFB99F8AD" box="[1107,1132,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFBC374E7FB99F8AD" attach="left" box="[1123,1132,1786,1803]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFB3F74EEFB4DF8AD" box="[1183,1208,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFB0F74E7FB4DF8AD" attach="left" box="[1199,1208,1786,1803]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
diverging, cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFAFC74EEFA9AF8AD" box="[1372,1391,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">
r
<subScript id="A70A34CD5314A63CFAC674E7FA9AF8AD" attach="left" box="[1382,1391,1786,1803]" fontSize="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
with long stem, which is approximately as long as discal cell. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC667529FC19F8ED" box="[966,1004,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">r-m</emphasis>
distinct, slightly beyond base of discal cell. Discal cell 2.8 times as long as wide. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFCE77569FC89F82D" box="[839,892,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">m-cu</emphasis>
at about one-third of discal cell. Additional cross-vein in cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFC6A7589FC1EF80A" box="[970,1003,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">bm</emphasis>
slightly before base of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5314A63CFB4F7588FAFFF80A" box="[1263,1290,1941,1964]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="515">Rs</emphasis>
and distinctly before tip of anal vein. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous. Anal angle wide. Halter yellow, knob same color as stem. Length of male halter
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, that of female 1.0-
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. Coxae light brown, sparsely dusted with gray. Trochanters yellow to yellowish brown. Femur pale grayish yellow, narrowly but distinctly dark brown at apex. Tibia pale yellow with narrowly dark brown apex. Basal tarsomere pale yellow with darkened distal part, remain- der of tarsus brown to dark brown. Tibia of foreleg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I: 4.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FD3B7035FD18FD99" box="[667,749,552,576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
long, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FF547055FE8CFDF9" box="[244,377,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="4.45" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.4">4.4-4.5 mm</quantity>
, III: 4.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FE437055FDCCFDF9" box="[483,569,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, tibia I: 5.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FD6A7055FF49FDD9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.1 mm</quantity>
, II:
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, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FE087075FDD9FDD9" box="[424,556,616,640]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.5 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I: 4.0-
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, II: 3.7-4.0 mm, III: 3.5-4.0 mm. Female femur I: 4.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FF1F70B5FEFBFD66" box="[191,270,680,704]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
long, II:
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, III: 4.5-5.0 mm, tibia I: 5.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FF7770D4FEDCFD46" box="[215,297,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FEF570D4FE23FD46" box="[341,470,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="4.6" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="4.5">4.5-4.7 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FDAB70D4FD79FD46" box="[523,652,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.2">5.2-5.5 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I:
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, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FE9D70F4FE48FCA7" box="[317,445,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="4.4" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.2">4.2-4.6 mm</quantity>
, III: 4.0-
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. Claw simple, without spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531BA633FF067134FDB1FAA3" blockId="24.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
Abdomen: Abdominal segments brown, dusted with gray, covered with sparse yellowish erect setae. Tergites widely dark brown along posterior margin. Basal segments of female abdomen with yellowish markings at base of tergites and sternites. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531BA633FD3071B6FD10FC65" box="[656,741,939,963]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[840,873,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[842,1419,262,888]" captionTargetId="figure-698@23.[839,1444,254,900]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 9. Eloeophila persalsa (Alexander, 1940). A. wing. B. flagel- lum of male antenna. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139307/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
) dark brown. Ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin widely concave at middle. Gonocoxite elongate with large rounded ventro-mesal bump at base. Outer gonostylus elongate, sclerotised, finely serrated along out- er margin, with single claw-shaped apical lobule. Inner gonostylus long and narrow, fleshy and setose. Paramere club-shaped. Aedeagus short and straight. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531BA633FD627691FF47FB63" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[840,873,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[842,1419,262,888]" captionTargetId="figure-698@23.[839,1444,254,900]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 9. Eloeophila persalsa (Alexander, 1940). A. wing. B. flagel- lum of male antenna. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139307/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) brownish yellow. Cercus long, narrow and slightly arched, blunt-apexed. Hypovalva long and straight, point-apexed, reaching before middle of cercus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531BA633FF307710FD4EFA83" blockId="24.[144,749,261,1995]" box="[144,699,1293,1318]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF307710FE9FFA80" bold="true" box="[144,362,1293,1318]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
Elevation in
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FEBC7713FE90FA80" box="[284,357,1294,1318]" name="South Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
From 300 to more than
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FDC77713FD42FA83" box="[615,695,1294,1318]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531BA633FF307733FDD7FA61" blockId="24.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF307733FE4AFAE0" bold="true" box="[144,447,1326,1350]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
Period of activity in
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FED17733FE4FFAE0" box="[369,442,1326,1350]" name="South Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
From late June-late August.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF307753FF08FAC0" bold="true" box="[144,253,1358,1382]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Habitats:</emphasis>
Unknown in Korea. Adults are active in affluent alder and willow groves and in moist mixed and coniferous forests along streams in Kurile Islands, Russia (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531BA633FF3777B2FDE3FA61" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" box="[151,534,1455,1479]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko and Krivolutskaya, 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531BA633FF3077D2FDB6F9A1" blockId="24.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF3077D2FE8BFA41" bold="true" box="[144,382,1487,1511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">General distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FE2577D2FDF8FA41" box="[389,525,1487,1511]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
, Eastern part of
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FD1B77CDFF58F9A1" name="Russia" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Russia</collectingCountry>
including Kurile and
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A531BA633FE3177F2FE19F9A1" box="[401,492,1519,1543]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="73946503531BA633FF30740DFB11FD26" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3B313688531BA633FF30740DFB11FD26" blockId="24.[144,749,261,1995]" lastBlockId="24.[809,1414,261,640]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF30740DFE99F98E" bold="true" box="[144,364,1552,1576]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531BA633FED9740DFE21F98E" box="[377,468,1552,1576]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Fig. 16I</figureCitation>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A531BA633FE49740DFDB1F98E" box="[489,580,1552,1576]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531BA633FDD2740DFE74F9EE" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persalsa" subGenus="Elaeophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FDD2740DFD18F98E" box="[626,749,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF39742DFEE4F9EE" box="[153,273,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Elaeophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FE84742DFE74F9EE" box="[292,385,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">persalsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), male (wing and genitalia slide mounted), N.
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FE81744CFE91F9CE" box="[289,356,1617,1640]" name="South Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Korea</collectingCountry>
, Seren Mts., alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FDB4744DFD93F9CE" box="[532,614,1616,1640]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1277599999999999" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3700.0">3700 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FDD0744DFD1DF9CE" box="[624,744,1616,1640]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-06-30">1938.06.30</date>
, A. Y. Yankovsky (
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FEE9746CFE6EF92F" box="[329,411,1649,1673]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FE0D746CFE78F94F" collectingDate="1938-07-05" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="914" location="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="E435882A531BA633FE0D746CFDF2F92F" box="[429,519,1649,1673]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531BA633FD8F746DFEC8F90F" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persalsa" subGenus="Elaeophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FD8F746DFD52F92E" box="[559,679,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FD14746DFF26F90F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Elaeophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531BA633FF44748CFEC8F90F" box="[228,317,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">persalsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), male (wing and genitalia slide mount- ed), N.
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FF4574AFFEDCF96F" box="[229,297,1714,1737]" name="South Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FE9774ACFE45F96F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FE9774ACFE45F96F" box="[311,432,1713,1737]" country="South Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FE4874ACFDC8F96F" box="[488,573,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FE4874ACFDC8F96F" box="[488,573,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3000.0">3000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FDEB74ACFD32F96F" box="[587,711,1713,1737]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-05">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FDEB74ACFD32F96F" box="[587,711,1713,1737]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-05">1938.07.05</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FD7274ACFED0F94F" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FE9274CCFE70F94F" box="[306,389,1745,1769]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FE3A74CCFF00F88C" collectingDate="1938-06-30" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="1128" location="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FE3A74CCFE1BF94F" box="[410,494,1745,1769]" count="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FDFE74CCFD1CF94F" box="[606,745,1745,1769]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FF3074EFFEFEF8AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FF3074EFFEFEF8AF" box="[144,267,1778,1802]" country="North Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FEE474EFFE6FF8AF" box="[324,410,1777,1802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1277599999999999" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3700.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FEE474EFFE6FF8AF" box="[324,410,1777,1802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1277599999999999" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3700.0">3700 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FE0874ECFDD0F8AF" box="[424,549,1777,1801]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-06-30">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FE0874ECFDD0F8AF" box="[424,549,1777,1801]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-06-30">1938.06.30</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FD9174EFFD19F8AF" box="[561,748,1777,1802]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FF37750FFF19F88C" box="[151,236,1810,1834]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FEA3750FFE80F8CC" collectingDate="1938-07-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="1067" location="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FEA3750FFE77F88C" box="[259,386,1810,1834]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
with broken abdomen (pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FF30752FFEECF8EC" box="[144,281,1842,1866]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FE85752FFE69F8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FE85752FFE69F8EC" box="[293,412,1842,1866]" country="North Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FE71752FFDD1F8EC" box="[465,548,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3500.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FE71752FFDD1F8EC" box="[465,548,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FD91752FFD5FF8EC" box="[561,682,1842,1866]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-02">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FD91752FFD5FF8EC" box="[561,682,1842,1866]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-02">1938.07.02</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FD15752FFEFFF8CC" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FEB8754FFE98F8CC" box="[280,365,1874,1898]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FE23754FFF05F80D" collectingDate="1938-07-03" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="762" location="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FE23754FFE10F8CC" box="[387,485,1874,1898]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FDF9754FFD1DF8CC" box="[601,744,1874,1898]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FF30756EFEFEF82C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FF30756EFEFEF82C" box="[144,267,1907,1931]" country="North Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FEE4756FFE6FF82D" box="[324,410,1906,1931]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FEE4756FFE6FF82D" box="[324,410,1906,1931]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FE08756EFDD0F82D" box="[424,549,1907,1931]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-03">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FE08756EFDD0F82D" box="[424,549,1907,1931]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-03">1938.07.03</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FD91756EFD19F82D" box="[561,748,1907,1931]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FF37758EFF1CF80D" box="[151,233,1939,1963]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FF5D758EFC14FEBB" collectingDate="1938-07-19" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="1829" location="Kankyo Nando" municipality="Puksu Pyaksan" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FF5D758EFEAFF80D" box="[253,346,1939,1963]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FE67758EFDA5F80C" box="[455,592,1939,1963]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FDFC758EFF58F86D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FDFC758EFF58F86D" country="North Korea" municipality="Puksu Pyaksan" name="Kankyo Nando" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Kankyo Nando</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF2531BA633FF1975AEFEABF86D" box="[185,350,1971,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Puksu Pyaksan</collectingMunicipality>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FE3575AEFE1DF86D" box="[405,488,1971,1995]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FE3575AEFE1DF86D" box="[405,488,1971,1995]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FE5575AEFD9AF86D" box="[501,623,1971,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-19">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FE5575AEFD9AF86D" box="[501,623,1971,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-07-19">1938.07.19</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FDDA75AEFC82FEBB" box="[634,887,261,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FC257318FC2CFEBB" box="[901,985,261,285]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FC4E7318FAECFEF8" collectingDate="1938-08-18" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="305" location="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC4E7318FBACFEBB" box="[1006,1113,261,285]" count="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(one genitalia in microvial with glycerol) (pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FB9B7338FB3EFE9B" box="[1083,1227,293,317]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FB797338FAA0FE9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FB797338FAA0FE9B" box="[1241,1365,293,317]" country="North Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FC89735BFC8FFEFB" box="[809,890,325,350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FC89735BFC8FFEFB" box="[809,890,325,350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="1000.0">1000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FC25735BFC08FEF8" box="[901,1021,326,350]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-08-18">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FC25735BFC08FEF8" box="[901,1021,326,350]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-08-18">1938.08.18</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FBA6735BFB40FEFB" box="[1030,1205,325,350]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FB61735BFAE6FEF8" box="[1217,1299,326,350]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FA84735BFC79FE18" collectingDate="1938-08-21" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="762" location="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FA84735BFA77FEFB" box="[1316,1410,325,350]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC89737BFC54FED8" box="[809,929,358,382]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
with broken abdomen (pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FB5A737BFA77FEDB" box="[1274,1410,358,382]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FC89739BFC51FE38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FC89739BFC51FE38" box="[809,932,390,414]" country="North Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FC7D739BFBC6FE38" box="[989,1075,390,414]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FC7D739BFBC6FE38" box="[989,1075,390,414]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FBE1739BFB4AFE38" box="[1089,1215,390,414]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-08-21">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FBE1739BFB4AFE38" box="[1089,1215,390,414]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1938-08-21">1938.08.21</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FB6B739BFA70FE38" box="[1227,1413,390,414]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FC9073BBFC76FE18" box="[816,899,422,446]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC3973BBFC16FE18" box="[921,995,422,446]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(genitalia in microvial with glycerol),
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FC8973DAFC79FDB9" collectingDate="1939-06-23" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="1676" location="Kankyo Nando" municipality="Puksu Pyaksan" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC8973DAFC7FFE79" box="[809,906,455,479]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531BA633FC5D73DAFB79FE78" box="[1021,1164,455,479]" name="North Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531BA633FB3A73DAFAB1FE79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5314A633FF0E7636FB11FD26:3E516053531BA633FB3A73DAFAB1FE79" box="[1178,1348,455,479]" country="North Korea" municipality="Puksu Pyaksan" name="Kankyo Nando" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Kankyo Nando</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF2531BA633FAF273DAFC52FE59" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">Puksu Pyaksan</collectingMunicipality>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531BA633FC4073FAFBC0FE59" box="[992,1077,487,511]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="5500.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531BA633FC4073FAFBC0FE59" box="[992,1077,487,511]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" unit="ft" value="5500.0">5500 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531BA633FBE373FAFB4AFE59" box="[1091,1215,487,511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1939-06-23">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531BA633FBE373FAFB4AFE59" box="[1091,1215,487,511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" value="1939-06-23">1939.06.23</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531BA633FB6C73FAFA73FE59" box="[1228,1414,487,511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="516">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531BA633FC90701AFC76FDB9" box="[816,899,519,543]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC39701AFC16FDB9" box="[921,995,519,543]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(genitalia in microvial with glycerol),
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531BA633FC897035FB2AFD26" collectingDate="1939-07-14" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="1829" location="Kankyo Nando" municipality="Puksu Pyaksan" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC897035FC62FD99" box="[809,919,551,576]" count="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531BA633FC047035FBD4FD99" box="[932,1057,551,576]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="516" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FF0E7114FE66FC87" bold="true" box="[174,403,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Eloeophila yezoensis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FF0E7134FEDEFCE7" box="[174,299,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Limnophila</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FE007134FD79FCE7" box="[416,652,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">subaprilina yezoensis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FF0E7177FED5FC24" box="[174,288,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Eloeophila</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FE8C7177FE6BFC24" box="[300,414,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Eloeophila</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FE0D7177FD79FC24" box="[429,652,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">subaprilina yezoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531CA634FD327177FE31FC04" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 61</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FF0E71B7FDE0FC64" box="[174,533,938,962]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Eloeophila subaprilina yezoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531CA634FDBE71B6FCF0FC64" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[542,773,938,963]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref40568" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1983. Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 156 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1983">Savchenko, 1983: 50</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FF0E71F6FE7FFBA5" box="[174,394,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Eloeophila yezoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531CA634FE2F71F6FDA0FBA5" author="Oosterbroek, P." box="[399,597,1003,1027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek, 2020</bibRefCitation>
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General: Body coloration brown, dusted with gray. Male body length
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. Female body length
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, wing length
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Head: Brown, indistinctly darkened along dorso-medially, densely dusted with gray, narrowly light gray to yellowish gray along eye margin, covered with sparse short erect brown setae. Vertex with indistinct tubercle marked with darker line along middle. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae approximately same as length of both basal antennomeres taken together. Male antenna (
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long, reaching to about middle of prescutum, if bent backward, female antenna
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long. Scape pale brownish yellow, dusted with gray, elongate, nearly cylindrical, twice as long as pedicel. Pedicel brown, widened distally. Basal flagellomere light yellow, second and third segments pale brown, remaining flagellomeres dark brown, slightly elongate in male, oval in female, narrower towards apex of antenna, covered with dense whitish pubescence. Apical segment subequal in length to preceding. Verticils dark brown, about twice as long as respective segments. Rostrum brown dorsally, dark brown ventrally, dusted with gray, palpus dark brown to blackish, labella brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FF16600531CA634FCE77681FC05FB41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139317" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139317/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" startId="31.[839,872,1180,1202]" targetBox="[843,1437,269,1138]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3B313688531CA634FCE77681FC05FB41" blockId="31.[839,1446,1180,1256]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FCE77681FC7AFB14" bold="true" box="[839,911,1180,1202]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531CA634FC377681FAF4FB14" authority="(Alexander, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[919,1281,1180,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FC377681FBA1FB14" box="[919,1108,1180,1202]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Eloeophila yezoensis</emphasis>
(Alexander, 1924)
</taxonomicName>
. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B313688531CA60BFF65750FFEDBFCE7" blockId="31.[174,779,1068,1995]" lastBlockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
Thorax: Cervical sclerites and pronotum brown dusted with brownish gray. Mesonotal prescutum brown, dusted with gray, with four longitudinal stripes. Median stripes partly broken at middle, lateral indistinct with short transverse spot frontally. Tubercular pits indistinct at frontal margin of sclerite, pseudosutural fovea distinct polished brown. Scutal lobe brown, densely dusted with brownish gray and with darker spot at middle. Area between lobes brownish gray, frontal margin narrowly polished brown. Scutellum brownish gray. Mediotergite brown, densely covered with brownish gray pruinosity, darker along posterior margin. Pleuron yellowish brown, dusted with brownish gray. Wing (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531CA634FB9977EDFB6EF9AE" box="[1081,1179,1520,1544]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[839,872,1180,1202]" captionTargetBox="[843,1437,269,1138]" captionTargetId="figure-642@31.[839,1444,257,1154]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 13. Eloeophila yezoensis (Alexander, 1924). A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139317/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
) iridescent with brownish tinge, yellowish at base. Stigma distinct, dark brown. Brown spots at base of wing, along frontal margin, surrounding branching points of veins and cross-veins and at tips of all longitudinal veins along wing margin. Veins brownish yellow, darker in darkened areas, yellowish at wing base. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FBF274AFFB9EF96F" box="[1106,1131,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching wing margin slightly before branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FB1F74CFFB2FF94F" box="[1215,1242,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FB4974CFFAE7F94F" box="[1257,1298,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">sc-r</emphasis>
three to four times its own length before tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FB1974EFFB27F8AF" box="[1209,1234,1778,1801]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Sc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FB4174EFFB0EF8AF" box="[1249,1275,1778,1801]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Rs</emphasis>
long, arched at base. Free end of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FBA9750EFBD6F88D" box="[1033,1059,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FBBA7507FBD6F88D" attach="left" box="[1050,1059,1818,1835]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
short, nearly longitudinal,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FAE7750EFA95F88D" box="[1351,1376,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FAF77507FA95F88D" attach="left" box="[1367,1376,1818,1835]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
indistinct, at the middle between tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FB12752EFB3EF8ED" box="[1202,1227,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FB627527FB3EF8ED" attach="left" box="[1218,1227,1850,1867]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
and branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FCC7754EFC82F8CC" box="[871,887,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">R</emphasis>
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FCD87547FC6EF8CD" attach="left" box="[888,923,1882,1899]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FCD87547FC74F8CD" box="[888,897,1882,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">2</emphasis>
+
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FC327547FC6EF8CD" box="[914,923,1882,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">3</emphasis>
</subScript>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FC74754EFC1BF8CD" box="[980,1006,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FC457547FC1BF8CD" attach="right" box="[997,1006,1882,1899]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FC5E754EFBE2F8CD" box="[1022,1047,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FBAE7547FBE2F8CD" attach="left" box="[1038,1047,1882,1899]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FBF1754EFB9EF8CD" box="[1105,1131,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FBC27547FB9EF8CD" attach="left" box="[1122,1131,1882,1899]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
diverging, cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FABD754EFAC4F8CD" box="[1309,1329,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">
r
<subScript id="A70A34CD531CA634FA887547FAC4F8CD" attach="left" box="[1320,1329,1882,1899]" fontSize="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
with long stem, which is as long as
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FBC17569FB63F82D" box="[1121,1174,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">m-cu</emphasis>
. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FA817569FAB2F82D" box="[1313,1351,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">r-m</emphasis>
distinct, slightly beyond base of discal cell. Discal cell twice as long as wide. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531CA634FBC675A9FB69F86D" box="[1126,1180,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">m-cu</emphasis>
from slightly before to middle of discal cell. Additional cross-vein in cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFD107318FD25FEBB" box="[688,720,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">bm</emphasis>
at the middle between base of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFE1B733BFE20FE9B" box="[443,469,294,317]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Rs</emphasis>
and tip of anal vein. Anal vein sinuous. Anal angle wide, posterior margin widely rounded. Halter with pale stem, yellowish at base, and brownish knob. Length of male halter
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD95739BFD4DFE38" box="[565,696,390,414]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8-0.9 mm</quantity>
, that of female
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFF5F73BBFEA7FE18" box="[255,338,422,446]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
. Coxae brown, dusted with gray. Trochanters yellowish brown. Femur yellow, apical part indistinctly darkened. Tibia yellow with narrowly brownish apex. Three basal tarsomeres yellow with indistinctly darkened apices, remainder of tarsus brown. Tibia of fore leg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD3E7075FD19FDD9" box="[670,748,616,640]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
long, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFF4C7095FE99FD06" box="[236,364,648,672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.2">4.2-4.5 mm</quantity>
, III: 4.7-5.0 mm, tibia I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFDD77095FD3CFD06" box="[631,713,648,672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
, II: 5.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFF1E70B5FEFAFD66" box="[190,271,680,704]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFEE170B5FE35FD66" box="[321,448,680,704]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.2 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I: 5.0 mm, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD3D70B4FF4EFD46" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="4.45" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.4">4.4-4.5 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFF4C70D4FE9FFD46" box="[236,362,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.2">3.2-3.5 mm</quantity>
. Female femur I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD8070D4FD98FD46" box="[544,621,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
long, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD6C70D4FF49FCA7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFF4F70F4FEB5FCA7" box="[239,320,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
, tibia I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFE3770F4FE1CFCA7" box="[407,489,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFDB370F4FD91FCA7" box="[531,612,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD3770F4FD1CFCA7" box="[663,745,745,769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFF507114FEB6FC87" box="[240,323,777,801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFED27114FE30FC87" box="[370,453,777,801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
, III: 3.0 mm. Claw simple, without spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFF067157FE19FA83" blockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
Abdomen: Tergites reddish yellow or yellow with widely dark brown posterior and lateral margins, covered with sparse yellowish erect setae. Sternites yellow, with widely dark brown posterior and lateral margins, covered with sparse yellowish erect setae. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5323A60BFD2471D6FD11FC45" box="[644,740,971,995]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[839,872,1180,1202]" captionTargetBox="[843,1437,269,1138]" captionTargetId="figure-642@31.[839,1444,257,1154]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 13. Eloeophila yezoensis (Alexander, 1924). A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139317/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
) light brown. Ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin widely concave at middle. Gonocoxite elongate, slightly narrower at middle of mesal surface. Outer gonostylus sclerotised, blade-shaped, with two apical spines. Inner gonostylus elongate, fleshy and setose. Paramere simple, elongate, stick-shaped. Aedeagus short and straight. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5323A60BFECC76B0FE3BFB63" box="[364,462,1197,1221]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[839,872,1180,1202]" captionTargetBox="[843,1437,269,1138]" captionTargetId="figure-642@31.[839,1444,257,1154]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 13. Eloeophila yezoensis (Alexander, 1924). A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139317/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
) brownish-grayish yellow. Cercus long and narrow, nearly straight, blunt-apexed. Hypovalva long and straight, point-apexed, reaching slightly beyond middle of cercus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFF307733FF5EFAC0" blockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFF307733FE9CFAE0" bold="true" box="[144,361,1326,1350]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
Elevation in
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFEBB7733FE91FAE0" box="[283,356,1326,1350]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
From less than 50 to more than
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFD187733FF5DFAC0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFF307773FF37FA01" blockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFF307773FE36FA21" bold="true" box="[144,451,1390,1415]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
Period of activity in
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFED57772FE4BFA21" box="[373,446,1391,1415]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Early July through mid August.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFF3077B2FE6FF9A1" blockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFF3077B2FEF4FA61" bold="true" box="[144,257,1455,1479]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Habitats:</emphasis>
small springs surrounded by willows and grassy vegetation in mountainous areas, wet surface of rocks covered with algae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFF30740DFEB7F9CE" blockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFF30740DFE88F98E" bold="true" box="[144,381,1552,1576]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">General distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFE23740DFDFCF981" box="[387,521,1552,1576]" name="North Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">North Korea</collectingCountry>
, Honshu and
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5323A60BFD37740DFF5FF9EE" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
Islands of
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFEBE742DFEA9F9E1" box="[286,348,1584,1607]" name="Japan" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Russian Far East including Kuril and Sakhalin Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035323A60BFF30746CFACAFBC2" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFF30746CFAC7FDB9" blockId="32.[144,749,261,1995]" lastBlockId="32.[809,1414,261,1124]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFF30746CFF0AF92F" bold="true" box="[144,255,1649,1673]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Remarks:</emphasis>
Original description of
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFDA2746CFD71F92E" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[514,644,1649,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFDA2746CFD71F92E" box="[514,644,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFF5F748CFE60F90F" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[255,405,1681,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaprilina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFF5F748CFE60F90F" box="[255,405,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. subaprilina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on a single female. It was given status of subspecies based only on subtle color differences of antennae and femur. Ch. Alexander later identified male specimen from
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFE4B74ECFD80F8AF" box="[491,629,1777,1801]" name="North Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">North Korea</collectingCountry>
as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFD3E74EFFEB8F88F" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subaprilina" subSpecies="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFD3E74EFFEB8F88F" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. subaprilina yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and slide mounted genitalia, but details of genitalia show no difference from typical
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFDC8752EFF5FF8CC" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1919" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaprilina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFDC8752EFF5FF8CC" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. subaprilina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795323A60BFF18754FFE76F8CC" author="Oosterbroek, P." box="[184,387,1874,1898]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek (2020)</bibRefCitation>
raised
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFE70754EFDA4F8CC" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[464,593,1875,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFE70754EFDA4F8CC" box="[464,593,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to species status. On the other hand, both species
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFDAD756EFD57F82C" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[525,674,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaprilina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFDAD756EFD57F82C" box="[525,674,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. subaprilina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFD76756EFF06F80C" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFD76756EFF06F80C" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar to
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFE697589FDA1F80C" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[457,596,1939,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serenensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFE697589FDA1F80C" box="[457,596,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. serenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
originally described from
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFEBF75AEFE5CF86D" box="[287,425,1971,1995]" name="North Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">North Korea</collectingCountry>
. Similarities were observed in the wing pattern, male and female terminalia. Differences were observed in coloration of separate structures, like antennae, halters, and legs. At the moment, it is difficult to say, if these three species deserve species status, or are just color variations of same taxon. Comparison of DNA barcoding results of freshly collected males of
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFAB073BAFCB0FE78" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serenensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFAB073BAFCB0FE78" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. serenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFC2573DAFBF9FE78" box="[901,1036,455,479]" name="North Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFBB773DAFB59FE78" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[1047,1196,454,478]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaprilina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFBB773DAFB59FE78" box="[1047,1196,454,478]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. subaprilina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Honshu Island of
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFCE573FAFC76FE58" box="[837,899,487,510]" name="Japan" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFC1A73F5FBCFFE58" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[954,1082,487,511]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFC1A73F5FBCFFE58" box="[954,1082,487,511]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">E. yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5323A60BFBDA73FAFB14FE59" box="[1146,1249,487,511]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
Island of
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFAEA73FAFA73FE58" box="[1354,1414,487,510]" name="Japan" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
would be helpful to resolve their taxononic status.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885323A60BFC89703AFACAFBC2" blockId="32.[809,1414,261,1124]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFC89703AFBF0FD99" bold="true" box="[809,1029,551,575]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5323A60BFBB3703AFB8BFD99" box="[1043,1150,551,575]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Fig. 16M</figureCitation>
):
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55323A60BFB33703AFB6EFD06" collectingDate="1923-08-16" collectionCode="T, USNM" collectorName="Esaki" country="Japan" elevation="305" location="Jozankei" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="E435882A5323A60BFB33703AFB05FD99" box="[1171,1264,551,575]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFABE703AFB56FDF9" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subaprilina" subGenus="Ephelia" subSpecies="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFABE703AFCB0FDC6" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFCF47055FC52FDC6" box="[852,935,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Ephelia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFC197055FB56FDF9" box="[953,1187,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">subaprilina yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), female (wing slide mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFC007075FC15FDD9" box="[928,992,616,639]" name="Japan" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFC4D7075FBBEFD26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFC4D7075FBBEFD26" box="[1005,1099,616,640]" country="Japan" name="Jozankei" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Jozankei</location>
[Ishikari-no-kuni], alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFAF07075FCB7FD06" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5323A60BFAF07075FCB7FD06" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="1000.0">1000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485323A60BFCF07095FC3EFD06" box="[848,971,648,672]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1923-08-16">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05323A60BFCF07095FC3EFD06" box="[848,971,648,672]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1923-08-16">1923.08.16</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFC787094FC1FFD06" box="[984,1002,649,672]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFC567095FBC7FD06" box="[1014,1074,648,672]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Esaki</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFB9F7095FB67FD06" box="[1087,1170,648,672]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55323A60BFB077094FACEFBC2" collectingDate="1938-08-08" collectingDateMax="2015-07-07" collectingDateMin="1938-08-08" collectionCode="USNM, SMEK, NP, NIBR" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky &amp; W. Han River &amp; G. W. Byers &amp; S. Kim &amp; S. Podenas" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." elevation="610" latitude="38.09512" location="Pontani Paiktusan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Seoul" typeStatus="holotype">
metatype (as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5323A60BFA987094FB1AFD66" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subaprilina" subGenus="Elaeophila" subSpecies="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFA987094FC97FD66" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFCD170B5FC1FFD66" box="[881,1002,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Elaeophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5323A60BFC5E70B5FB1AFD66" box="[1022,1263,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">subaprilina yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), male (wing and genitalia slide mounted), N.
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFB2F70D4FB26FD46" box="[1167,1235,713,736]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="D2504E045323A60BFB7F70D4FAA2FD46" box="[1247,1367,713,737]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Seren Mts.</collectingCounty>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFC8970F4FC88FCA7" box="[809,893,745,769]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5323A60BFC8970F4FC88FCA7" box="[809,893,745,769]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485323A60BFC2A70F4FBF1FCA7" box="[906,1028,745,769]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1938-08-08">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05323A60BFC2A70F4FBF1FCA7" box="[906,1028,745,769]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1938-08-08">1938.08.08</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFBB070F4FB32FCA7" box="[1040,1223,745,769]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFB7470F4FAD2FCA7" box="[1236,1319,745,769]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015323A60BFA9C70F4FA73FCA7" box="[1340,1414,745,769]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(pinned), N.
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFC0E7117FC04FC87" box="[942,1009,778,801]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF25323A60BFC5A7114FBAAFC87" box="[1018,1119,777,801]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Chonsani</collectingMunicipality>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFB307114FB14FC87" box="[1168,1249,777,801]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="4000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5323A60BFB307114FB14FC87" box="[1168,1249,777,801]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="4000.0">4000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485323A60BFB4B7114FA96FC87" box="[1259,1379,777,801]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1940-07-04">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05323A60BFB4B7114FA96FC87" box="[1259,1379,777,801]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1940-07-04">1940.07.04</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFACC7114FC4EFCE7" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFC687137FBEFFCE4" box="[968,1050,810,834]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015323A60BFB8E7137FB83FCE7" box="[1070,1142,809,834]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(pinned), N.
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFAA57137FABDFCE7" box="[1285,1352,810,833]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFAF47137FC35FCC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFAF47137FC35FCC4" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." latitude="38.09512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" name="Pontani Paiktusan" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Seoul">Pontani Paiktusan</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFC547157FBB3FCC4" box="[1012,1094,842,866]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5323A60BFC547157FBB3FCC4" box="[1012,1094,842,866]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485323A60BFBF17157FB3CFCC4" box="[1105,1225,842,866]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1940-07-26">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05323A60BFBF17157FB3CFCC4" box="[1105,1225,842,866]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1940-07-26">1940.07.26</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFB747157FA73FCC4" box="[1236,1414,842,866]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFC907177FC77FC24" box="[816,898,874,898]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015323A60BFC377177FC15FC24" box="[919,992,874,898]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(pinned), N.
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFBD07176FB46FC24" box="[1136,1203,875,898]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFB607177FA77FC24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFB607177FA77FC24" box="[1216,1410,874,898]" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." latitude="38.09512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" name="Pontani Paiktusan" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Seoul">Pontani Paiktusan</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFCF17197FC56FC04" box="[849,931,906,930]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5323A60BFCF17197FC56FC04" box="[849,931,906,930]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485323A60BFC0F7197FBD3FC04" box="[943,1062,906,930]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1940-08-04">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05323A60BFC0F7197FBD3FC04" box="[943,1062,906,930]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1940-08-04">1940.08.04</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFB917196FB16FC04" box="[1073,1251,906,931]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFB4F7197FAB4FC04" box="[1263,1345,906,930]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015323A60BFAF47197FCA9FC65" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFC4171B6FBD1FC64" box="[993,1060,939,962]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
, #27, Hwy. #13,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFB7471B6FAFEFC65" box="[1236,1291,939,963]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi.</quantity>
E of
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5323A60BFAE471B6FA77FC65" box="[1348,1410,939,963]" country="South Korea" name="Seoul" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Seoul</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFC8971D6FC91FC45" box="[809,868,971,995]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi.</quantity>
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFCCC71D6FBFFFC45" box="[876,1034,971,995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">
W.
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFC3471D6FBFFFC45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFC3471D6FBFFFC45" box="[916,1034,971,995]" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." latitude="38.09512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" name="Han River" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Seoul">Han River</location>
</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5323A60BFBB771D6FB94FC45" box="[1047,1121,971,995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="150.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5323A60BFBB771D6FB94FC45" box="[1047,1121,971,995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" unit="ft" value="150.0">150 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485323A60BFBCF71D6FB19FC45" box="[1135,1260,971,995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1954-08-19">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05323A60BFBCF71D6FB19FC45" box="[1135,1260,971,995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" value="1954-08-19">1954.08.19</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E5323A60BFB5B71D6FA73FC45" box="[1275,1414,971,995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">G. W. Byers</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5323A60BFC9071F6FC75FBA5" box="[816,896,1003,1027]" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">SMEK</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015323A60BFC3671F6FC16FBA5" box="[918,995,1003,1027]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015323A60BFC5071F6FBBAFBA5" box="[1008,1103,1003,1027]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185323A60BFB5171F1FAC0FBA5" box="[1265,1333,1004,1027]" name="South Korea" pageId="32" pageNumber="524">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFAE371F6FC89FB85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFAE371F6FC89FB85" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." latitude="38.09512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" name="Gangwon-do" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Seoul">Gangwon-do</location>
,
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFC267611FC07FB82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFC267611FC07FB82" box="[902,1010,1036,1060]" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." latitude="38.09512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" name="Yangyang" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Seoul">Yangyang</location>
,
<location id="3E5160535323A60BFC5E7611FB8DFB82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531CA60BFF0E7114FACAFBC2:3E5160535323A60BFC5E7611FB8DFB82" box="[1022,1144,1036,1060]" country="South Korea" county="Seren Mts." latitude="38.09512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.41309" municipality="Chonsani" name="Seo-myeon" pageId="32" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Seoul">Seo-myeon</location>
,
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1 gyo (bridge),
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(
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FCE7703AFB5DFD99" bold="true" box="[839,1192,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FCE7705AFC37FDF9" box="[839,962,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Limnophila</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FC6F7055FBC7FDC6" box="[975,1074,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Idioptera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531EA636FB107055FA6FFDC6" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1200,1434,584,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" pagination="131 - 166" refId="ref38417" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1933. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XV. Philippine Journal of Science 52: 131 - 166." type="journal article" year="1933">Alexander, 1933: 142</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FCE77075FC35FD26" box="[839,960,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Eloeophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FC707075FBBCFD26" box="[976,1097,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Eloeophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FBFB7074FB3DFD26" box="[1115,1224,617,640]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">ussuriana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531EA636FB727075FBD0FD06" author="Savchenko, E. N. &amp; G. O. Krivolutskaya" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref40715" refString="Savchenko, E. N. and G. O. Krivolutskaya. 1976. Limoniidae of the south Kuril Islands and south Sakhalin. Akad. Nauk. Ukr. SSR, Kiev: 1 - 160 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1976">Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 62</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FCE770B5FBC0FD66" box="[839,1077,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Eloeophila ussuriana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531EA636FB9F70B5FAA2FD66" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[1087,1367,680,705]" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref40568" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1983. Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 156 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1983">Savchenko, 1983: 51-52</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531EA636FCE770F4FA98FCA7" ID-CoL="8GZMT" authority="Oosterbroek, 2020" authorityName="Oosterbroek" authorityYear="2020" box="[839,1389,745,769]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ussuriana" subSpecies="ussuriana">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FCE770F4FB69FCA7" box="[839,1180,745,769]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531EA636FB0270F4FA98FCA7" author="Oosterbroek, P." box="[1186,1389,745,769]" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" refId="ref40019" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW) [Available from: https: // ccw. naturalis. nl / litresults. php]." type="url" year="2020">Oosterbroek, 2020</bibRefCitation>
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General: Body coloration dark brown to black, dusted with gray. Male body length
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, wing length 7.5-9.0 mm. Female body length
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<paragraph id="3B313688531EA636FCFE71B6FC0FFA01" blockId="29.[839,1445,809,1995]" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">
Head: Dark brown, densely dusted with gray and covered with sparse short erect setae. Vertex without tubercle. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae slightly exceeds length of both basal antennomeres taken together. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531EA636FA987631FA69FBE2" box="[1336,1436,1068,1092]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[144,176,1113,1135]" captionTargetBox="[147,740,263,1051]" captionTargetId="figure-747@30.[143,748,257,1080]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 12. Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana(Alexander, 1933).A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139315/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
) brown with yellow base of basal flagellomere and dark brown distal flagellomeres,
<quantity id="FC769B6D531EA636FB227671FAF0FB22" box="[1154,1285,1132,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.8-2.5 mm</quantity>
long in male, extending to base of abdomen, if bent backward, antenna of female
<quantity id="FC769B6D531EA636FC7776B0FBA3FB62" box="[983,1110,1197,1221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="521" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.7">1.7-1.8 mm</quantity>
long. Scape dark brown, elongate, nearly cylindrical, twice as long as pedicel. Pedicel brown, widened distally. Flagellomeres elongate, narrow- er towards apex of antenna, densely covered with whitish pubescence. Apical segment subequal to preceding. Verticils dark brown, not reaching length of respective segments. Rostrum, palpus and mouth parts dark brown dusted with gray.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531EA635FCFE77B2FB14FE18" blockId="29.[839,1445,809,1995]" lastBlockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">
Thorax: Cervical sclerites and pronotum dark brown densely dusted with gray. Mesonotal prescutum dark brown, dusted with gray, with four indistinct longitudinal stripes that are getting darker towards posterior margin of sclerite, medial pair narrowly separated with gray. Tubercular pits indistinct at frontal margin of sclerite, pseudosutural fovea distinct polished black. Scutal lobe grayish dark brown because of dense pruinosity. Area between lobes with sparser pruinosity, semi-polished. Scutellum with indistinctly reddish brown posterior margin. Mediotergite brown with dense gray pruinosity, darker along middle. Pleuron uniformly dark brown covered with dense brownish-gray pruinosity. Wing (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531EA636FADA752FFC81F8CC" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[144,176,1113,1135]" captionTargetBox="[147,740,263,1051]" captionTargetId="figure-747@30.[143,748,257,1080]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 12. Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana(Alexander, 1933).A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139315/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
) iridescent with brownish tinge, yellowish at base. Stigma distinct, dark brown, elongate. Brownish spots surrounding branching points of veins and cross-veins. Veins light brown, yellowish at wing base. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531EA636FA2B75AEFA51F86C" box="[1419,1444,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="521">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching wing margin nearly at branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF307711FF5FFA85" box="[144,170,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF187711FF14FA85" box="[184,225,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">sc-r</emphasis>
about three times its own length before tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FD6D7716FD13FA84" box="[717,742,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Sc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF307731FF5EFAE5" box="[144,171,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Rs</emphasis>
long, slightly arched, sometimes angulate and short-spurred at base. Free end of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FE647751FE28FAC2" box="[452,477,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FE74774EFE28FAC2" attach="left" box="[468,477,1363,1380]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
short and oblique,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FD0E7751FD32FAC2" box="[686,711,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FD1E774EFD32FAC2" attach="left" box="[702,711,1363,1380]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
indistinct, about three times its own length before tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF307790FF5DFA03" box="[144,168,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FF007789FF5DFA03" attach="left" box="[160,168,1428,1445]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
, far beyond branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FE597790FDFCFA02" box="[505,521,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">R</emphasis>
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FDA97789FDD9FA03" attach="left" box="[521,556,1428,1445]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FDA97789FDE7FA03" box="[521,530,1428,1445]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">2</emphasis>
+
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FD837789FDD9FA03" box="[547,556,1428,1445]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">3</emphasis>
</subScript>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FDC07790FD8DFA03" box="[608,632,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FDD07789FD8DFA03" attach="left" box="[624,632,1428,1445]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FD267790FD6AFA03" box="[646,671,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FD367789FD6AFA03" attach="left" box="[662,671,1428,1445]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FD747790FD18FA03" box="[724,749,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FD447789FD18FA03" attach="left" box="[740,749,1428,1445]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
diverging, cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FE8E77B0FEB7FA63" box="[302,322,1453,1477]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
r
<subScript id="A70A34CD531DA635FE9977A9FEB7FA63" attach="left" box="[313,322,1460,1477]" fontSize="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
with long stem, which is approximately as long as
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FEA077D0FEC1FA42" box="[256,308,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">m-cu</emphasis>
. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FE1B77D0FE15FA42" box="[443,480,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">r-m</emphasis>
distinct, at base of discal cell. Discal cell twice as long as wide. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FD1777F0FD19F9A2" box="[695,748,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">m-cu</emphasis>
slightly before middle of discal cell. Additional cross-vein in cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FEAC7430FED9F9E3" box="[268,300,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">bm</emphasis>
beyond apex of anal vein. Anal vein long, distinctly arched apically, reaching wing margin at the level between base of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FEDB7472FE60F920" box="[379,405,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Rs</emphasis>
and additional cross-vein in cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF307493FF45F900" box="[144,176,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">bm</emphasis>
. Anal angle long and narrow, widely rounded. Halter pale brownish yellow. Length of male halter
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FDC974B2FD1CF960" box="[617,745,1711,1735]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.9">0.9-1.3 mm</quantity>
, that of female
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FE8B74D2FE5DF940" box="[299,424,1743,1767]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1-1.3 mm</quantity>
long. Coxae yellow, brownish at base, more intensely on frontal pair. Trochanters yellow. Femur yellow, narrowly dark brown at apex. Tibia brownish yellow with narrowly dark brown apex. Basal tarsomere brown with yellowish base, remainder of tarsus dark brown. Tibia of fore leg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FEC475ACFE14F86E" box="[356,481,1969,1993]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.55" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="4.3">4.3-4.8 mm</quantity>
long, II: 4.5-5.0 mm, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FC897318FC5DFEBB" box="[809,936,261,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.6" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="5.5">5.5-5.7 mm</quantity>
, tibia I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FC5D7318FB88FEBB" box="[1021,1149,261,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.15" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.8 mm</quantity>
, II: 5.5-6.0 mm, III: 5.3- 6.0 mm, tarsus I: 3.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FBAC7338FBA9FE9B" box="[1036,1116,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FB257338FAF0FE9B" box="[1157,1285,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="6.15" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="6.1">6.1-6.2 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FA967338FCA3FEFB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.2 mm</quantity>
. Female femur I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FBB87358FB62FEFB" box="[1048,1175,325,350]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.55" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.5">4.5-4.6 mm</quantity>
long, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FAA07358FA77FEFB" box="[1280,1410,325,350]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.55" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="4.5">4.5-4.6 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FCF2737BFC27FEDB" box="[850,978,358,382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.5 mm</quantity>
, tibia I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FB8C737BFB59FEDB" box="[1068,1196,358,382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.1" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.7">4.7-5.5 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FB78737BFAACFEDB" box="[1240,1369,358,382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.4" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.3">4.3-4.5 mm</quantity>
, III: 5.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FCF9739BFC5BFE38" box="[857,942,390,414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FBBD739BFB57FE38" box="[1053,1186,390,414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.05" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="4.7">4.7-5.4 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FB71739BFAA3FE38" box="[1233,1366,390,414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.2">4.2-4.5 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FC8973BBFC5DFE18" box="[809,936,422,446]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.8">3.8-4.3 mm</quantity>
. Claw simple, without spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA635FC9F73DAFC4FFBA5" blockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
Abdomen: Abdominal segments semi-polished, covered with sparse whitish erect setae. Tergites reddish brown at base and along middle, widely dark brown laterally and posteriorly in male. Female tergites uniformly dark brown. Sternites dark brown, narrowly grayish along posterior margin, marked with yellowish at base of abdomen. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531DA635FBBA7095FB8DFD06" box="[1050,1144,648,672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[144,176,1113,1135]" captionTargetBox="[147,740,263,1051]" captionTargetId="figure-747@30.[143,748,257,1080]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 12. Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana(Alexander, 1933).A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139315/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
) dark brown. Ninth tergite rectangular, wider than longer, posterior margin nearly straight, setose at middle. Gonocoxite elongate with large rounded ventro-mesal bump at base. Outer gonostylus elongate, sclerotised, serrated along outer margin, widened distally, apex claw-shaped. Inner gonostylus long and narrow, fleshy and setose. Paramere strongly arched. Aedeagus short and straight. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531DA635FB447177FAB3FC24" box="[1252,1350,874,898]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[144,176,1113,1135]" captionTargetBox="[147,740,263,1051]" captionTargetId="figure-747@30.[143,748,257,1080]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 12. Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana(Alexander, 1933).A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139315/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
) dark brown at base, turning yellowish towards apex. Cercus long, narrow and slightly arched, blunt-apexed. Hypovalva long and straight, point-apexed, reaching two-thirds of cercus length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA635FC897616FAB2FB85" blockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" box="[809,1351,1035,1060]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FC897616FBF6FB82" bold="true" box="[809,1027,1035,1060]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
Elevation in
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FC157611FC0BFB82" box="[949,1022,1036,1060]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
From 40 to more than
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FB537611FAB6FB85" box="[1267,1347,1036,1060]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA635FC897631FAD3FBE5" blockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" box="[809,1318,1068,1092]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FC897631FBADFBE2" bold="true" box="[809,1112,1068,1092]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
Period of activity in
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FBAA7631FBA6FBE2" box="[1034,1107,1068,1092]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Early May to June.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA635FC897651FB55FB43" blockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FC897651FC60FBC2" bold="true" box="[809,917,1100,1124]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Habitats:</emphasis>
Unknown in
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FB8E7651FB87FBC5" box="[1070,1138,1100,1123]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Korea</collectingCountry>
, adults are active among grassy vegetation along streams and rivulets in the forests, near canals and holes filled with water in the Russian Far East close to the border with
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FB2E76B0FAE3FB62" box="[1166,1302,1197,1221]" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
, sanctuary Kedrovaya Padj (
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531DA635FC7B76D0FB61FB43" author="Savchenko, E. N." box="[987,1172,1229,1253]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref40568" refString="Savchenko, E. N. 1983. Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev: 1 - 156 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1983">Savchenko, 1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FF16600531DA635FF307644FE66FB02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139315/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" startId="30.[144,176,1113,1135]" targetBox="[147,740,263,1051]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA635FF307644FE66FB02" blockId="30.[144,749,1113,1188]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF307644FF20FBC8" bold="true" box="[144,213,1113,1135]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531DA635FF7B7644FD6AFBC8" authority="(Alexander, 1933)" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[219,671,1113,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ussuriana" subSpecies="ussuriana">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FF7B7644FE02FBC9" box="[219,503,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Eloeophila ussuriana ussuriana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B79531DA635FDA07644FD6DFBC8" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[512,664,1113,1135]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" pagination="131 - 166" refId="ref38417" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1933. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XV. Philippine Journal of Science 52: 131 - 166." type="journal article" year="1933">Alexander, 1933</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA635FC8976F0FA97FAA3" blockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" box="[809,1378,1261,1285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FC8976F0FBE3FAA3" bold="true" box="[809,1046,1261,1285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">General distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FBBC76F0FB57FAA3" box="[1052,1186,1261,1285]" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
, Russian Far East.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="73946503531DA634FC897710FCF1FD47" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3B313688531DA634FC897710FCF1FD47" blockId="30.[809,1415,261,1995]" lastBlockId="31.[174,779,261,737]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FC897710FBFDFA83" bold="true" box="[809,1032,1293,1317]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D531DA635FBB67710FB8FFA83" box="[1046,1146,1293,1317]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Fig. 16L</figureCitation>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A531DA635FB307710FB1BFA83" box="[1168,1262,1293,1317]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531DA635FABD7710FBB5FAE3" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ussuriana" subGenus="Idioptera">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FABD7710FCB3FAE0" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Limnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FCF67733FC4BFAE0" box="[854,958,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Idioptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FC727733FBB5FAE3" box="[978,1088,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">ussuriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), male (antenna, gonocoxite with gonostyli slide mounted), Eastern Siberia (Ussuri), Tigrowaja, Suchan district,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FB207773FB0EFA20" box="[1152,1275,1390,1414]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1927-06-09">1927.06.09</date>
, Stackelberg (
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FC907792FC71FA01" box="[816,900,1423,1447]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); allotopotype, female (antenna and wing slide mounted together with
<typeStatus id="E435882A531DA635FB9277B2FB60FA61" box="[1074,1173,1455,1479]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) (
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FB0A77B2FB0AFA61" box="[1194,1279,1455,1479]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FAB677B2FAD1F98E" collectingDate="1937-06-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="1">
metatypes (as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B531DA635FCF277D2FBB3FA41" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1933" box="[850,1094,1487,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ussuriana">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A531DA635FCF277D2FBB3FA41" box="[850,1094,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Limnophila ussuriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), male and female (on same pin, female with missing tip of abdomen),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FB5877F2FA77F9A1" box="[1272,1410,1519,1543]" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FC89740DFC9AF98E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FC89740DFC9AF98E" box="[809,879,1552,1576]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FCDC740DFC03F98E" box="[892,1014,1552,1576]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1937-06-08">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FCDC740DFC03F98E" box="[892,1014,1552,1576]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1937-06-08">1937.06.08</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FBA3740DFB4FF98E" box="[1027,1210,1552,1576]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FB68740DFAEEF98E" box="[1224,1307,1552,1576]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FA91740DFBFDF9CE" collectingDate="1937-06-07" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="52" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FA91740DFA73F98E" box="[1329,1414,1552,1576]" count="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FC31742DFBEFF9E1" box="[913,1050,1584,1608]" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FB86742DFB9EF9EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FB86742DFB9EF9EE" box="[1062,1131,1584,1608]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
,
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FBD7742DFB48F9EE" box="[1143,1213,1584,1608]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1815999999999995" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="170.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531DA635FBD7742DFB48F9EE" box="[1143,1213,1584,1608]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1815999999999995" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="170.0">170 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FB6A742DFAB6F9EE" box="[1226,1347,1584,1608]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1937-06-07">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FB6A742DFAB6F9EE" box="[1226,1347,1584,1608]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1937-06-07">1937.06.07</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FAEE742DFC55F9CE" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FC0D744DFBF5F9CE" box="[941,1024,1616,1640]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FBB5744DFA9EF92F" collectingDate="1937-06-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FBB5744DFB99F9CE" box="[1045,1132,1616,1640]" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FBD9744DFB2DF9CE" box="[1145,1240,1616,1640]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FAE7744DFC99F92E" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FCD9746CFC4BF92F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FCD9746CFC4BF92F" box="[889,958,1649,1673]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FC6A746DFBB1F92E" box="[970,1092,1648,1672]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1937-06-08">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FC6A746DFBB1F92E" box="[970,1092,1648,1672]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1937-06-08">1937.06.08</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FBEF746CFAF0F92E" box="[1103,1285,1648,1673]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FAB1746CFA91F92F" box="[1297,1380,1649,1673]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FAD8746CFC93F90F" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(one genitalia in microvial with glycerol),
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FA8A748CFBD3F94F" collectingDate="1938-05-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="183" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FA8A748CFA70F90F" box="[1322,1413,1681,1705]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FC6674AFFBFFF96F" box="[966,1034,1714,1737]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FBB774ACFBA9F96F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FBB774ACFBA9F96F" box="[1047,1116,1713,1737]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FB3274ACFB2CF96F" box="[1170,1241,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="600.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531DA635FB3274ACFB2CF96F" box="[1170,1241,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="600.0">600 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FB4674ACFA95F96F" box="[1254,1376,1713,1737]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-08">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FB4674ACFA95F96F" box="[1254,1376,1713,1737]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-08">1938.05.08</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FACC74ACFC4BF94F" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FC6B74CCFBEBF94F" box="[971,1054,1745,1769]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FB9374CCFA74F8AC" collectingDate="1938-05-09" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="91" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FB9374CCFB72F94F" box="[1075,1159,1745,1769]" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FB5774CCFA77F94F" box="[1271,1410,1745,1769]" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FC8974EFFC98F8AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FC8974EFFC98F8AC" box="[809,877,1778,1802]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FC3E74EFFC17F8AF" box="[926,994,1777,1802]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="300.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531DA635FC3E74EFFC17F8AF" box="[926,994,1777,1802]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="300.0">300 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FC4D74ECFB90F8AF" box="[1005,1125,1777,1801]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-09">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FC4D74ECFB90F8AF" box="[1005,1125,1777,1801]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-09">1938.05.09</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FBCE74EFFAE8F8AF" box="[1134,1309,1777,1802]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FA8874EFFA8FF8AC" box="[1320,1402,1778,1802]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FC89750FFAE3F8EC" collectingDate="1938-05-09" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="213" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="4">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FC89750FFC8AF88C" box="[809,895,1810,1834]" count="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FC2B750FFC06F88C" box="[907,1011,1810,1834]" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FB34750FFB22F88F" box="[1172,1239,1810,1833]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FB43750FFADDF88C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FB43750FFADDF88C" box="[1251,1320,1810,1834]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FAFE750FFCB1F8EC" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1336" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="700.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531DA635FAFE750FFCB1F8EC" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1336" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="700.0">700 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FCF4752FFC22F8EC" box="[852,983,1842,1866]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-09">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FCF4752FFC22F8EC" box="[852,983,1842,1866]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-09">1938.05.09</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FC44752FFB52F8EC" box="[996,1191,1842,1866]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FB16752FFAF8F8EC" box="[1206,1293,1842,1866]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FA84752FFB4EF82D" collectingDate="1938-05-12" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="46" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FA84752FFA75F8EC" box="[1316,1408,1842,1866]" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FC89754FFC62F8CC" box="[809,919,1874,1898]" count="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FBB0754FFB57F8CC" box="[1040,1186,1874,1898]" name="North Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FB11754FFB0CF8CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FB11754FFB0CF8CC" box="[1201,1273,1874,1898]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FA95754FFA75F8CC" box="[1333,1408,1874,1898]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="150.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531DA635FA95754FFA75F8CC" box="[1333,1408,1874,1898]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="150.0">150 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FC89756FFC55F82C" box="[809,928,1906,1930]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-12">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FC89756FFC55F82C" box="[809,928,1906,1930]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-12">1938.05.12</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FC09756EFBA2F82D" box="[937,1111,1907,1931]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FBC2756EFB46F82D" box="[1122,1203,1907,1931]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA635FB65756EFAB0F86D" collectingDate="1938-05-12" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="61" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA635FB65756EFAD5F82D" box="[1221,1312,1907,1931]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(genitalia in microvial with glycerol) (pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531DA635FB4D758EFAC5F80C" box="[1261,1328,1939,1962]" name="South Korea" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531DA635FA9D758EFA77F80D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531DA635FA9D758EFA77F80D" box="[1341,1410,1939,1963]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531DA635FCF275AEFC6CF86D" box="[850,921,1971,1995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="200.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531DA635FCF275AEFC6CF86D" box="[850,921,1971,1995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" unit="ft" value="200.0">200 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531DA635FC0575AEFBEAF86D" box="[933,1055,1971,1995]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-12">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531DA635FC0575AEFBEAF86D" box="[933,1055,1971,1995]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" value="1938-05-12">1938.05.12</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531DA635FB8A75AEFB2AF86D" box="[1066,1247,1971,1995]" pageId="30" pageNumber="522">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531DA635FB4C75AEFACBF86D" box="[1260,1342,1971,1995]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531DA634FAF275AEFE37FE9B" collectingDate="1938-05-18" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="183" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="523" location="Ompo" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531DA634FAF275AEFF14FEBB" count="1" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="30" pageNumber="522" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FEDC731BFE4AFEBB" box="[380,447,262,285]" name="South Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FE697318FDF8FEBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FE697318FDF8FEBB" box="[457,525,261,285]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FD9F7318FD71FEBB" box="[575,644,261,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="600.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FD9F7318FD71FEBB" box="[575,644,261,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="600.0">600 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FD2F7318FCF2FEBB" box="[655,775,261,285]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-18">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FD2F7318FCF2FEBB" box="[655,775,261,285]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-18">1938.05.18</collectingDate>
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,
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(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FECA7338FE49FE9B" box="[362,444,293,317]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FE6D7338FCF3FEF8" collectingDate="1938-05-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="61" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FE6D7338FDDDFE9B" box="[461,552,293,317]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FD64733BFCF2FE9B" box="[708,775,294,317]" name="South Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FF0E735BFF07FEF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FF0E735BFF07FEF8" box="[174,242,326,350]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FE83735BFE9DFEFB" box="[291,360,325,350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="200.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FE83735BFE9DFEFB" box="[291,360,325,350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="200.0">200 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FED27358FE1CFEFB" box="[370,489,325,349]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-24">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FED27358FE1CFEFB" box="[370,489,325,349]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-24">1938.05.24</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FE53735BFD57FEFB" box="[499,674,325,350]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FD0D735BFD0AFEF8" box="[685,767,326,350]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FF0E737BFDBBFE38" collectingDate="1938-05-29" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="122" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FF0E737BFF0AFED8" box="[174,255,358,382]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FEDF737BFDEFFEDB" box="[383,538,358,382]" name="North Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FD8A737BFD80FED8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FD8A737BFD80FED8" box="[554,629,358,382]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FD16737BFCF1FED8" box="[694,772,358,382]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="400.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FD16737BFCF1FED8" box="[694,772,358,382]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="400.0">400 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FF0E739BFED2FE38" box="[174,295,390,414]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-29">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FF0E739BFED2FE38" box="[174,295,390,414]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-29">1938.05.29</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FE93739BFE1DFE38" box="[307,488,390,414]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FE55739BFDBDFE38" box="[501,584,390,414]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FDFC739BFEA8FE79" collectingDate="1938-05-29" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="91" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FDFC739BFD50FE38" box="[604,677,390,414]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FF0E73BBFECDFE18" box="[174,312,422,446]" name="North Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FEE573BBFE7FFE18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FEE573BBFE7FFE18" box="[325,394,422,446]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FE6073BBFDF2FE18" box="[448,519,422,446]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="300.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FE6073BBFDF2FE18" box="[448,519,422,446]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="300.0">300 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FDB373BBFD78FE18" box="[531,653,422,446]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-29">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FDB373BBFD78FE18" box="[531,653,422,446]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-05-29">1938.05.29</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FD3973BAFF0CFE79" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FEA473DAFEA0FE79" box="[260,341,455,479]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FEC773DAFD5CFE59" collectingDate="1938-06-06" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="91" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FEC773DAFE42FE79" box="[359,439,455,479]" count="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FDF073DAFD67FE78" box="[592,658,455,478]" name="South Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FD3C73DAFD15FE79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FD3C73DAFD15FE79" box="[668,736,455,479]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FF0E73FAFF00FE59" box="[174,245,487,511]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="300.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FF0E73FAFF00FE59" box="[174,245,487,511]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="300.0">300 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FEA373FAFE8BFE59" box="[259,382,487,511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-06">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FEA373FAFE8BFE59" box="[259,382,487,511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-06">1938.06.06</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FE2973FAFDB4FE59" box="[393,577,487,511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FDEE73FAFD54FE59" box="[590,673,487,511]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FD1673FAFE33FDE6" collectingDate="1938-06-11" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="183" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FD1673FAFCFFFE59" box="[694,778,487,511]" count="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FEBA701AFE5DFDB9" box="[282,424,519,543]" name="North Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FE15701AFE0EFDB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FE15701AFE0EFDB9" box="[437,507,519,543]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FD94701AFD88FDB9" box="[564,637,519,543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="600.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FD94701AFD88FDB9" box="[564,637,519,543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="600.0">600 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FD2A701AFCF3FDB9" box="[650,774,519,543]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-11">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FD2A701AFCF3FDB9" box="[650,774,519,543]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-11">1938.06.11</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FF0E7035FE94FD99" box="[174,353,551,576]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FECD7035FE4AFDE6" box="[365,447,552,576]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FE727035FDCEFD26" collectingDate="1938-06-11" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="107" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FE727035FDE9FD99" box="[466,540,551,576]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FD887035FD54FD99" box="[552,673,551,576]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
with broken abdomen (pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FE0D7055FDCDFDF9" box="[429,568,584,608]" name="North Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FDE47055FD7CFDC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FDE47055FD7CFDC6" box="[580,649,584,608]" country="North Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FD1F7055FCF3FDC6" box="[703,774,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="350.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FD1F7055FCF3FDC6" box="[703,774,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="350.0">350 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FF0E7075FED6FD26" box="[174,291,616,640]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-11">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FF0E7075FED6FD26" box="[174,291,616,640]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-11">1938.06.11</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FE8C7075FE2DFD26" box="[300,472,616,640]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FE437075FDC1FD26" box="[483,564,616,640]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FDE67075FE91FD67" collectingDate="1938-06-11" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="South Korea" elevation="183" location="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FDE67075FD5CFD26" box="[582,681,616,640]" count="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(pinned), [N.]
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FF447094FEDCFD06" box="[228,297,649,672]" name="South Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FE977095FE88FD06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FE977095FE88FD06" box="[311,381,648,672]" country="South Korea" name="Ompo" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Ompo</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FE167095FE0AFD06" box="[438,511,648,672]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="600.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FE167095FE0AFD06" box="[438,511,648,672]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="600.0">600 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FDAD7095FD7CFD06" box="[525,649,648,672]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-11">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FDAD7095FD7CFD06" box="[525,649,648,672]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-11">1938.06.11</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FD357095FF0EFD66" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FEA970B4FEA9FD67" box="[265,348,681,705]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD5531CA634FED070B4FD0AFD47" collectingDate="1938-06-25" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. Y. Yankovsky" country="North Korea" elevation="1219" location="Seren Mts." pageId="31" pageNumber="523" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="2D88FD01531CA634FED070B4FE30FD66" box="[368,453,680,705]" count="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(pinned),
<collectingCountry id="43997618531CA634FD9570B5FD34FD66" box="[565,705,680,704]" name="North Korea" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">North Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="3E516053531CA634FD6E70B4FF15FD46" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E531EA634FCE7703AFCF1FD47:3E516053531CA634FD6E70B4FF15FD46" country="North Korea" name="Seren Mts." pageId="31" pageNumber="523">Seren Mts.</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D531CA634FEB070D4FE97FD47" box="[272,354,713,737]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="4000.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB531CA634FEB070D4FE97FD47" box="[272,354,713,737]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" unit="ft" value="4000.0">4000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F301048531CA634FECC70D4FE16FD47" box="[364,483,713,737]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-25">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A0531CA634FECC70D4FE16FD47" box="[364,483,713,737]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" value="1938-06-25">1938.06.25</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="967B535E531CA634FE4C70D4FD69FD47" box="[492,668,713,737]" pageId="31" pageNumber="523">A. Y. Yankovsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D531CA634FD0770D4FD0CFD47" box="[679,761,713,737]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="523" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

433
data/B3/27/87/B327879E5320A60EFF0E7616FD5CFC87.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,433 @@
<document id="A6E174FD90E2015DC4815C2546F4F674" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2020.9.4.492" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139285" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722386349428" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Podenas, Sigitas, Park, Sun-Jae, Byun, Hye-Woo, Kim, A-Young, Klein, Terry A. &amp; Aukštikalnienė, Heung-Chul Kim and Rasa" docDate="2020" docId="B327879E5320A60EFF0E7616FD5CFC87" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.9.4.492-531.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 9 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Paradelphomyia macracantha Alexander 1957" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="529" masterDocId="4F1EFFE65303A62BFFA0721DFFF5FFA6" masterDocTitle="New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea" masterLastPageNumber="531" masterPageNumber="492" pageNumber="527" updateTime="1722386947790" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A5674F868B37D8F3942A34E6F8E989D8">New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3CDB2463F6B150EA49E44AD262B7619C">Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="112F59777543EF52FA7E4D976F0B17D1">Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT- 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania &amp; Life Sciences Center of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B10CCAAF9B88E11C85EB5B5B2087A265">Park, Sun-Jae</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="50F848762C33DBC108BC2BCDA800EEBE">Byun, Hye-Woo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B705C2FD57ED92DB31C096EF1339B160">Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="932F47255A73E04363F68C4081D571E0">Kim, A-Young</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="976C30FDD5C5F1385C9F6AF6F233C41A">Klein, Terry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="30C86252FC51E1DCE016B05ECB48C3CF">Aukštikalnienė, Heung-Chul Kim and Rasa</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FF0E7616FD43FB85" ID-CoL="8D6H6" authority="Alexander, 1957" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1957" box="[174,694,1035,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macracantha">
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FF0E7616FE0FFB85" bold="true" box="[174,506,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Paradelphomyia macracantha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795320A608FDA07616FD43FB85" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[512,694,1035,1059]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" pagination="349 - 388" refId="ref39046" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1957. Records and descriptions of Japanese Tipulidae (Diptera). Part V. The crane-flies of Honshu. I. Philippine Journal of Science 85: 349 - 388." type="journal article" year="1957">Alexander, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FF0E7636FE92FBC2" ID-CoL="8D6H6" authority="Alexander, 1957: 357 - 358" authorityName="Alexander" authorityPageNumber="357 - 358" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macracantha" subGenus="Oxyrhiza">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FF0E7636FE9CFBE5" box="[174,361,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Paradelphomyia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FED97631FE2AFBE2" box="[377,479,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Oxyrhiza</emphasis>
)
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<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795320A608FD307631FE92FBC2" author="Alexander, C. P." pageId="35" pageNumber="527" pagination="349 - 388" refId="ref39046" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1957. Records and descriptions of Japanese Tipulidae (Diptera). Part V. The crane-flies of Honshu. I. Philippine Journal of Science 85: 349 - 388." type="journal article" year="1957">Alexander, 1957: 357-358</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FF0E7671FE19FB22" box="[174,492,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Paradelphomyia macracantha</emphasis>
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.
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General: Body coloration yellow. Body length of female
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, wing length
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Head: Yellow with brownish vertex. Eyes widely separated, distance between them at base of antennae about three times exceeds length of scape. Antenna (
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) 1.0-
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long in female, extending to wing base if bent backward. Scape yellow, elongate, nearly cylindrical, about 1.5 times as long as wide, pedicel dark brown, slightly widening distally, about two-thirds as long as scape. Flagellum dark brown. Basal flagellomeres oval, remaining elongate. Apical segment nearly as long as preceding. Verticils dark brown, longest up to 1.5 times as long as respective segments. Rostrum pale yellow, palpus dark brown, mouth parts brownish yellow.
</paragraph>
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Thorax: Cervical sclerites pale yellow. Pronotum yellow, dorsally infuscated with brown, with few erect setae postero-laterally. Mesonotal prescutum yellow, testaceous frontally, without stripes. Tubercular pits indistinct, pseudosutural fovea concolorous with prescutum. Scutal lobe same color as prescutum, area between lobes pale. Scutellum yellow, mediotergite brownish yellow. Pleuron uniformly yellow, vaguely patterned with brownish at wing base. Wing (
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) brownish, yellowish at base. No other darkenings except stigma, which is also indistinct, pale-brown. Veins brownish, yellowish at wing base. Macrotrichiae more abundant in radial cells, they are present in other marginal cells along postero-apical wing margin. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FBE37650FBA9FBC2" box="[1091,1116,1101,1124]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Sc</emphasis>
long, reaching branching point of
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,
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long distance from tip of
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, slightly before middle of
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.
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long, arched at base. Free end of
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R
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longitudinal, slightly arched,
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R
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distinct, transverse, slightly beyond base of cell
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r
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</emphasis>
.
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R
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</emphasis>
and
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R
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diverging towards wing margin, cell
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r
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with stem which 2.3 times as long as
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R
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</emphasis>
. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FC607712FC10FA80" box="[960,997,1295,1318]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">r-m</emphasis>
distinct, at base of discal cell. Discal cell long and narrow, nearly three times as long as wide. Position of cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FBB77752FBB9FAC0" box="[1047,1100,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">m-cu</emphasis>
variable: two Korean specimens with
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nearly at the middle of discal cell, like in
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,
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with
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much closer to the base of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly arched at apex, reaching wing margin slightly beyond the level of
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base. Anal angle narrow, widely rounded. Halter pale yellow at base, weakly infuscated towards knob. Length of female halter
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. Coxae and trochanters yellow, forecoxa testaceous frontally and dorsally. Remainder of legs testaceous yellow. Tibial spurs long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885320A608FCFE748CFACFF88C" blockId="35.[839,1444,1036,1996]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">
Abdomen: Tergites brown, covered with sparse brown setae. Sternites yellowish brown. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5320A608FA9A74ACFA6EF96F" box="[1338,1435,1713,1737]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[841,873,917,939]" captionTargetBox="[843,1430,267,876]" captionTargetId="figure-691@35.[839,1444,257,884]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 15. Paradelphomyia macracantha Alexander, 1957. A. female antenna. B. wing. C. ovipositor, lateral view.Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139321/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
) yellow, cercus elongate, point-apexed, distal half slightly raised upwards. Hypovalva long, straight, narrower towards apex, reaching to about middle of cercus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885320A608FCE7752FFB23F8EC" blockId="35.[839,1444,1036,1996]" box="[839,1238,1842,1867]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FCE7752FFC4FF8EC" bold="true" box="[839,954,1842,1866]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Elevation:</emphasis>
From nearly
<quantity id="FC769B6D5320A608FBE6752FFB27F8EC" box="[1094,1234,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="475.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="450.0">450 to 500 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885320A608FCE7754EFC8DF82D" blockId="35.[839,1444,1036,1996]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FCE7754EFBE6F8CD" bold="true" box="[839,1043,1875,1899]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Period of activity:</emphasis>
From beginning of June through mid July.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885320A60EFCE7758EFEB8FE9B" blockId="35.[839,1444,1036,1996]" lastBlockId="37.[174,779,261,801]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FCE7758EFC47F80D" bold="true" box="[839,946,1939,1963]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Habitats:</emphasis>
Small to medium-sized mountainous streams and rivers densely covered with deciduous shrubs, trees and dense grassy vegetation along margin. Adults are attracted to light.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FF166005327A60FFF30757BFC61F86A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" startId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" targetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3B3136885327A60FFF30757BFC61F86A" blockId="36.[144,1414,1894,1996]" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFF30757BFF20F8DA" bold="true" box="[144,213,1894,1916]" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
Distribution maps of Korean
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFE7F757BFDB0F8DA" box="[479,581,1894,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Limoniidae</taxonomicName>
crane flies. A.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFD6B757AFC0AF8DD" authorityName="Kato, Tachi and Gelhaus" authorityYear="2018" box="[715,1023,1894,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="submelas" subGenus="Erostrata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFD6B757AFCB5F8DA" box="[715,832,1895,1916]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Dicranomyia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFCEB757AFC6AF8DA" box="[843,927,1895,1916]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Erostrata</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFC0C757BFC0AF8DD" box="[940,1023,1894,1915]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">submelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. B.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFB84757BFB19F8DA" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" box="[1060,1260,1894,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranoptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venosa">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFB84757BFB19F8DA" box="[1060,1260,1894,1916]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Dicranoptycha venosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFAB1757BFE2FF830" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subunicoides" subGenus="Archilimnophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFAB1757BFF4BF830" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFF68759CFEADF830" box="[200,344,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Archilimnophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFEC6759CFE2FF830" box="[358,474,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">subunicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. D.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFDA0759CFD9AF831" baseAuthorityName="Osten Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[512,623,1921,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unica" subGenus="Archilimnophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFDA0759CFDE1F830" box="[512,532,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">A.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFDBE759CFDC7F830" box="[542,562,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">A.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFD9E759FFD9AF831" box="[574,623,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">unica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. E.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFD33759CFC6AF831" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1983" box="[659,927,1921,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Austrolimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica" subGenus="Austrolimnophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFD33759CFD5DF830" box="[659,680,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">A.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFD11759CFCBEF830" box="[689,843,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Austrolimnophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFCF9759FFC6AF831" box="[857,927,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. F.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFC60759CFBA0F831" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[960,1109,1921,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Conosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrorata">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFC60759CFBA0F831" box="[960,1109,1921,1943]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Conosia irrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. G.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFBDC759CFEA5F817" authorityName="Kato, Tachi" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transitorium" subGenus="Brachylimnophila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFBDC759CFAE3F830" box="[1148,1302,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFA82759CFF21F817" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Brachylimnophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFF417581FEA5F817" box="[225,336,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">transitorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. H.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFED87581FCE8F817" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[376,797,1948,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Dicranophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="melaleucum" subGenus="Dicranophragma" subSpecies="melaleucum">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFED87581FE7BF817" box="[376,398,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">D.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFE397581FDC6F817" box="[409,563,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Dicranophragma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFDE17581FCE8F817" box="[577,797,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">melaleucum melaleucum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. I.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFC9C7581FC1AF817" authorityName="Savchenko" authorityYear="1983" box="[828,1007,1948,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persalsa">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFC9C7581FC1AF817" box="[828,1007,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Eloeophila persalsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. J.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFBAF7581FB71F817" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[1039,1156,1948,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serenensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFBAF7581FB71F817" box="[1039,1156,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">E. serenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. K.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFB0C7581FADEF817" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1919" box="[1196,1323,1948,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaprilina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFB0C7581FADEF817" box="[1196,1323,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">E. subaprilina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. L.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFAF17581FEC5F86A" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ussuriana" subSpecies="ussuriana">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFAF17581FEC5F86A" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">E. ussuriana ussuriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. M.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFEFA75AAFE33F86A" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[346,454,1975,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Eloeophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFEFA75AAFE33F86A" box="[346,454,1975,1996]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">E. yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. N.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFE4C75ABFD2BF86D" authorityName="Savtshenko, Krivolutskaya" authorityYear="1976" box="[492,734,1974,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chosenica">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFE4C75ABFD2BF86D" box="[492,734,1974,1995]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">Paradelphomyia chosenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. O.
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5327A60FFCA475AAFC7BF86D" authorityName="Oosterbroek" authorityYear="2020" box="[772,910,1974,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macracantha">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5327A60FFCA475AAFC7BF86D" box="[772,910,1974,1996]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="528">P. macracantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B3136885326A60EFF0E7358FD30FEDB" blockId="37.[174,779,261,801]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5326A60EFF0E7358FE5CFEFB" bold="true" box="[174,425,325,349]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">General distribution:</emphasis>
Specimens were described and previously known only from Honshu Island,
<collectingCountry id="439976185326A60EFD22737BFD34FEDB" box="[642,705,358,381]" name="Japan" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035326A60EFF0E739BFD5CFC87" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3B3136885326A60EFF0E739BFD5CFC87" blockId="37.[174,779,261,801]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5326A60EFF0E739BFE76FE38" bold="true" box="[174,387,390,414]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5326A60EFE2E739BFE1AFE38" box="[398,495,390,414]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Fig. 16O</figureCitation>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5326A60EFDA1739BFDA9FE38" box="[513,604,390,414]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5326A60EFD24739AFECDFE18" authorityName="Oosterbroek" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macracantha" subGenus="Oxyrhiza">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5326A60EFD24739AFD6DFE38" box="[644,664,391,414]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5326A60EFD03739BFCF4FE38" box="[675,769,390,414]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Oxyrhiza</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5326A60EFF0E73BBFECDFE18" box="[174,312,422,446]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">macracantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), male (leg, wing and genitalia slide-mount- ed),
<collectingCountry id="439976185326A60EFF7D73DAFEEEFE78" box="[221,283,455,478]" name="Japan" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshu, Kami-Ishikawa, Echigo,
<date id="4F3010485326A60EFD2F73DBFCF2FE78" box="[655,775,454,478]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" value="1954-06-27">1954.06.27</date>
, H. Koike (
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5326A60EFEBC73FAFE9BFE59" box="[284,366,487,511]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55326A60EFED573FAFE4EFDC6" collectingDate="2015-07-08" collectionCode="NIBR" collectorName="S. Kim &amp; Kim, S" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" elevation="497" latitude="38.26678" location="Ganseong-eup" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.35706" municipality="Goseong-gun" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
;
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015326A60EFE2273FAFE2BFE59" box="[386,478,487,511]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185326A60EFDDA73FAFD48FE58" box="[634,701,487,510]" name="South Korea" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="D2504E045326A60EFD6973FAFEF1FDB9" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Gangwon-do</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF25326A60EFEB2701AFE5CFDB9" box="[274,425,519,543]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Goseong-gun</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3E5160535326A60EFE16701AFDA2FDB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5320A60EFF0E7616FD5CFC87:3E5160535326A60EFE16701AFDA2FDB9" box="[438,599,519,543]" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="38.26678" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.35706" municipality="Goseong-gun" name="Ganseong-eup" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Ganseong-eup</location>
,
<location id="3E5160535326A60EFDC5701AFD4BFDB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B327879E5320A60EFF0E7616FD5CFC87:3E5160535326A60EFDC5701AFD4BFDB9" box="[613,702,519,543]" country="South Korea" county="Gangwon-do" latitude="38.26678" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.35706" municipality="Goseong-gun" name="Jinbu-ri" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Jinbu-ri</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5326A60EFD6C7015FF06FD99" degrees="38. 26678" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" precision="1" value="38.26678">N 38. 26678</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5326A60EFF5F7035FE7EFD99" box="[255,395,551,575]" degrees="128.35706" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" precision="1" value="128.35706">E 128.35706</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5326A60EFE627035FDF3FD99" box="[450,518,552,576]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.97" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" unit="m" value="497.0">
<elevation id="B0A3D1BB5326A60EFE627035FDF3FD99" box="[450,518,552,576]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.97" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" unit="m" value="497.0">497 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485326A60EFDB3703AFD7FFD99" box="[531,650,551,575]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" value="2015-07-08">
<collectingDate id="5F74E9A05326A60EFDB3703AFD7FFD99" box="[531,650,551,575]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" value="2015-07-08">2015.07.08</collectingDate>
</date>
(1), coll.
<collectorName id="967B535E5326A60EFD557035FF15FDC6" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">S. Kim</collectorName>
, S. Podenas (
<collectionCode id="5D9FAE4D5326A60EFECF7055FE41FDC6" box="[367,436,584,608]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r4iq-k5jx" name="National Institute of Biological Resources" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">NIBR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="8BE63CD55326A60EFE1B7055FE02FD67" collectingDate="2016-06-03" collectionCode="NIBR" collectorName="S. Podenas" country="South Korea" county="Gurye-gun" elevation="490" latitude="35.27177" location="Naeseo-ri" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.57146" municipality="Toji-myeon" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
;
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015326A60EFE687055FDD0FDC6" box="[456,549,584,608]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="529" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185326A60EFD647055FCF2FDF9" box="[708,775,584,607]" name="South Korea" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5326A60EFF0E7075FECBFD26" box="[174,318,616,640]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="D2504E045326A60EFEEA7075FE4BFD26" box="[330,446,616,640]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Gurye-gun</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DB55ACF25326A60EFE6A7075FDB2FD26" box="[458,583,616,640]" pageId="37" pageNumber="529">Toji-myeon</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
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(in EtOH), S.
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,
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(4), coll.
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, at light (
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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540
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@ -0,0 +1,540 @@
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<mods:title id="1324082E0F16E7BDA3FB78E0B9E7E6B5">New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5322A60AFF0E74ECFE22F8AF" bold="true" box="[174,471,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="525">Paradelphomyia chosenica</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5322A60AFF0E750FFE3EF88C" box="[174,459,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="525">Paradelphomyia chosenica</emphasis>
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Savtshenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 51-52
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General: Body coloration dark brown to black, semi-polished. Body length of male 5.3-6.0 mm, of female
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035322A609FCFE7774FB1DFD99" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="526" pageId="33" pageNumber="525" type="description">
<paragraph id="3B3136885322A60AFCFE7774FBD5F8A3" blockId="33.[839,1444,1256,1990]" pageId="33" pageNumber="525">
Head: Dark brown to black, sparsely dusted with gray, widely rounded posteriorly. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae about three times exceeds length of scape. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5322A60AFA9A77D7FA69FA44" box="[1338,1436,1482,1506]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[839,872,1111,1133]" captionTargetBox="[845,1434,269,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-597@33.[839,1444,257,1078]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 14. Paradelphomyia chosenica Alexander, 1950. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139319/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="525">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
)
<quantity id="FC769B6D5322A60AFCE777F6FC3DF9A4" box="[839,968,1514,1539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="1.3" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.1">1.1-1.5 mm</quantity>
long in male,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5322A60AFBCA77F6FB49F9A4" box="[1130,1212,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
in female, extending to wing base if bent backward. Scape dark brown, elongate, nearly cylindrical, 1.5 times as long as wide, pedicel rounded, as long as width of scape. Flagellum dark brown. Three basal flagellomeres widened ventrally, remaining elongate. Apical segment as long as preceding. Verticils brown, longest verticils up to 1.8 times as long as respective segments. Rostrum palpus and mouth parts dark brown to black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885322A609FCFE7510FD2CFA20" blockId="33.[839,1444,1256,1990]" lastBlockId="34.[144,749,261,1995]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="526" pageId="33" pageNumber="525">
Thorax: Cervical sclerites and pronotum dark brown to black. Posterior margin of pronotum with few erect long brown setae dorsally. Mesonotal prescutum semi-polished, dark brown to black, darker frontally, slightly paler along lateral margin, sparsely dusted with gray, without stripes. Tubercular pits indistinct, pseudosutural fovea concolorous with prescutum. Scutal lobe same color as prescutum, area between lobes brown. Scutellum brown frontally, darker posteriorly, sparsely dusted with gray. Mediotergite brown, more densely covered with gray pruinosity fronto-laterally. Pleuron uniformly dark brown, covered with gray pruinosity, katepisternum with 1-3 small yellowish setae. Wing (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5321A609FE7773DAFDCFFE79" box="[471,570,455,479]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[839,872,1111,1133]" captionTargetBox="[845,1434,269,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-597@33.[839,1444,257,1078]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 14. Paradelphomyia chosenica Alexander, 1950. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139319/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
) brownish, yellowish at base. No other darkenings except stigma, which is also indistinct, pale-brown. Veins brown, yellowish at wing base. Macrotrichiae more abundant in radial cells, they are present in other marginal cells along postero-apical wing margin, few macrotrichiae present also in cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FF307094FF42FD06" box="[144,183,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">cua</emphasis>
at wing margin. Venation:
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FE437095FE09FD39" box="[483,508,648,671]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Sc</emphasis>
long, nearly reaching branching point of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FEF770B4FE84FD66" box="[343,369,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Rs</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FEDE70B4FE52FD66" box="[382,423,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">sc-r</emphasis>
four times its own length from tip of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FF7370D4FF19FD46" box="[211,236,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Sc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FF5B70D4FEE3FD46" box="[251,278,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Rs</emphasis>
long, arched at base. Free end of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FD2C70D4FD50FD47" box="[652,677,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5321A609FD3C70CDFD50FD47" attach="left" box="[668,677,720,737]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
longitudinal,
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FF4B70F7FEF0FCA4" box="[235,261,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5321A609FF5C70ECFEF0FCA4" attach="left" box="[252,261,753,770]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
missing.
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FED270F7FE7EFCA4" box="[370,395,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5321A609FE2270ECFE7EFCA4" attach="left" box="[386,395,753,770]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FE6470F7FE2BFCA4" box="[452,478,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
R
<subScript id="A70A34CD5321A609FE7570ECFE2BFCA4" attach="left" box="[469,478,753,770]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
diverging towards wing margin, cell
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FEB37117FED3FC84" box="[275,294,778,802]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
r
<subScript id="A70A34CD5321A609FEBD710CFED3FC84" attach="left" box="[285,294,785,802]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
with short stem. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FDF37117FD8DFC87" box="[595,632,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">r-m</emphasis>
distinct, at base of discal cell. Discal cell 1.8 times as long as wide. Cross-vein
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FEA97157FECBFCC7" box="[265,318,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">m-cu</emphasis>
at middle of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly arched at apex, reaching wing margin slightly before the level of
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FEC57196FE75FC04" box="[357,384,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Rs</emphasis>
base. Anal angle narrow, widely rounded. Length of male halter 1.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FD8271B6FD83FC64" box="[546,630,939,963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, of female
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FF3071D6FEE7FC44" box="[144,274,971,995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.1">1.1-1.2 mm</quantity>
. Halter pale. Fore coxa dark brown dorsally and frontally, yellowish ventrally and posteriorly, middle coxa dark brown, yellowish ventrally, posterior coxa brownish yellow. Trochanters yellow, fore and middle slightly darkened posteriorly. Femur yellow with indistinctly darkened distal part, tibia yellow with slightly darker apex. Basal tarsomere brown with yellowish basal part, remaining tarsomeres dark brown. Small tibial spurs present on all legs. Male femur I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FDAE76D0FDAAFB43" box="[526,607,1229,1253]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
long, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FD6B76D0FF49FAA3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FF4F76F0FEB5FAA3" box="[239,320,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6 mm</quantity>
, tibia I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FE3876F0FE1CFAA3" box="[408,489,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FDB476F0FD90FAA3" box="[532,613,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FD6C76F0FF49FA83" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FF4C7713FEB5FA83" box="[236,320,1294,1318]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
. Female femur I:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FDA97713FD7FFA83" box="[521,650,1294,1318]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="3.9" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.7">3.7-4.1 mm</quantity>
long, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FF307733FEE5FAE3" box="[144,272,1326,1350]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="3.9">3.9-4.4 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FEE57733FE62FAE3" box="[325,407,1326,1350]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
, tibia I: 4.0-
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FDBF7733FD84FAE3" box="[543,625,1326,1350]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FD3D7733FF49FAC0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.3" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="4.2">4.2-4.4 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FF557753FE8DFAC0" box="[245,376,1358,1382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.949999999999999" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.949999999999999" valueMax="5.1" valueMin="4.8">4.8-5.1 mm</quantity>
, tarsus I: 3.5-5.0 mm, II:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FD3B7753FF49FA20" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.8">3.8-4.5 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FF4D7773FE9CFA20" box="[237,361,1390,1414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9499999999999997" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="3.9499999999999997" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.8">3.8-4.1 mm</quantity>
long. Claw simple, without spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A609FF067792FF2FF86D" blockId="34.[144,749,261,1995]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
Abdomen: Segments brown to dark brown or blackish, semi-polished, covered with sparse yellowish setae. Male pregenital segments darkened, terminalia brown. Ninth tergite (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5321A609FF4277F2FEB0F9AE" box="[226,325,1519,1544]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[839,872,1111,1133]" captionTargetBox="[845,1434,269,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-597@33.[839,1444,257,1078]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 14. Paradelphomyia chosenica Alexander, 1950. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139319/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
) with medial suture, separating it into two sclerites, deep wide V-shaped emargination at posterior margin. Gonocoxite elongate, wider at base, narrower towards apex, without additional lobe. Outer gonostylus elongate, with three spines at apex, two of them togeth- er at outer margin and one separated from them. Inner gonostylus large fleshy and setose, two-branched. Outer branch triangle-shaped, inner branch elongate, thumbshaped. Ninth sternite strongly elongate posteriorly with setose apex. Aedeagus short and straight, with two arched elongate lobes ventrally. Parameres darkened, short. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5321A609FF49754FFEB8F8CC" box="[233,333,1874,1898]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[839,872,1111,1133]" captionTargetBox="[845,1434,269,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-597@33.[839,1444,257,1078]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 14. Paradelphomyia chosenica Alexander, 1950. A. male antenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139319/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
) light brown. Cercus elongate, blunt-apexed, distal half slightly raised upwards. Hypovalva long and wide, point-apexed, reaching to about middle of cercus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A609FC897318FB31FEBB" blockId="34.[809,1417,261,1995]" box="[809,1220,261,285]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC897318FC69FEBB" bold="true" box="[809,924,261,285]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Elevation:</emphasis>
From nearly
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB887318FB34FEBB" box="[1064,1217,261,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="1175.0" valueMax="1850.0" valueMin="500.0">500 to 1850 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A609FC897338FAABFE9B" blockId="34.[809,1417,261,1995]" box="[809,1374,293,317]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC897338FC04FE9B" bold="true" box="[809,1009,293,317]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Period of activity:</emphasis>
From early June through mid July.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A609FC897358FB25FE18" blockId="34.[809,1417,261,1995]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC897358FC67FEFB" bold="true" box="[809,914,325,349]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Habitats:</emphasis>
Small muddy pool at small spring on mountain slope, densely covered with deciduous shrubs and trees and sparse grassy vegetation along margin. Despite many attempts they were not collected at light.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A609FC8973DAFB1DFD99" blockId="34.[809,1417,261,1995]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC8973DAFBD5FE79" bold="true" box="[809,1056,455,479]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">General distribution:</emphasis>
Species was described from the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, recorded from Sakhalin and Kuril Islands of the Russian Far East. Recorded from
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FC0F703AFBC6FD99" box="[943,1075,551,575]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">South Korea</collectingCountry>
for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="739465035321A608FC897055FE84FC45" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A609FC897055FB08FCC4" blockId="34.[809,1417,261,1995]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC897055FC69FDC6" bold="true" box="[809,924,584,608]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Remarks:</emphasis>
This species was described from single female. Many specimens collected from the Sakhalin and Kuril islands of the Russian Far East were identified as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FAD27094FC67FD66" authorityName="Savtshenko, Krivolutskaya" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chosenica">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FAD27094FC67FD66" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">P. chosenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Savchenko (Savtshenko and Krivolutskaya, 1976) with some reservation because males from
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FAE570D4FA73FD46" box="[1349,1414,713,736]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Korea</collectingCountry>
were unknown at that time. Specimens from
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FB5C70F4FA77FCA7" box="[1276,1410,745,769]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, that were available for our study, belong to same species as specimens from Sakhalin and Kuril Islands, females show no differences from the
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FBC07157FB78FCC4" box="[1120,1165,842,866]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">type</typeStatus>
specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B3136885321A608FC897177FE84FC45" blockId="34.[809,1417,261,1995]" lastBlockId="35.[174,783,261,995]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC897177FBF0FC24" bold="true" box="[809,1029,874,898]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A3B52A0D5321A609FBB37177FB8DFC24" box="[1043,1144,874,898]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[144,176,1894,1916]" captionTargetBox="[190,1366,258,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-10@36.[187,1369,257,1861]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13139323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13139323/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Fig. 16N</figureCitation>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FB2D7177FB1FFC24" box="[1165,1258,874,898]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FAB87177FBC7FC04" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Oxydiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chosenicus" subGenus="Oxydiscus">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FAB87177FA70FC24" box="[1304,1413,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Oxydiscus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC927197FC51FC04" box="[818,932,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Oxydiscus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC187197FBC7FC04" box="[952,1074,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">chosenicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), female (pinned, wing slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FC3C71B6FBD6FC64" box="[924,1059,939,963]" name="North Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">North Korea</collectingCountry>
, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, Toorisani,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FC3671D6FC12FC45" box="[918,999,971,995]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FC5171D6FB9DFC45" box="[1009,1128,971,995]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="1939-06-30">1939.06.30</date>
, A. Y. Yankovsky (USNM);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015321A609FC8971F6FC73FBA5" box="[809,902,1003,1027]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned), [S.]
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FB8271F1FB90FBA5" box="[1058,1125,1004,1027]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Korea</collectingCountry>
, #13, Hwy. #20,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FABE71F6FAA3FBA5" box="[1310,1366,1003,1027]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi.</quantity>
SW Kangnung, 128°47’E, 37°42’N, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB0A7616FB08FB85" box="[1194,1277,1035,1059]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8674" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="ft" value="1925.0">1925 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FAA97616FA74FB85" box="[1289,1409,1035,1059]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="1954-06-09">1954.06.09</date>
, G. W. Byers (USNM);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015321A609FB8F7631FB64FBE2" box="[1071,1169,1068,1092]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FA9B7631FA74FBE5" box="[1339,1409,1068,1091]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5321A609FC897651FC4CFBC2" box="[809,953,1100,1124]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, Piagol valley,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FCD57670FC00FB22" box="[885,1013,1132,1156]" degrees="35.27177" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="35.27177">N 35.27177</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FBA27670FB79FB22" box="[1026,1164,1132,1156]" degrees="127.57146" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="127.57146">E 127.57146</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB607671FAF1FB22" box="[1216,1284,1132,1156]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="490.0">490 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FAB07671FA70FB22" box="[1296,1413,1132,1156]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="2015-06-28">2015.06.28</date>
(2), S. Podenas, net (NIBR);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015321A609FBC67690FB45FB02" box="[1126,1200,1164,1189]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(pinned), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FA9E7690FA77FB02" box="[1342,1410,1165,1188]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5321A609FC8976B0FC4CFB63" box="[809,953,1197,1221]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, Piagol valley,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FCD576D3FC00FB43" box="[885,1013,1229,1253]" degrees="35.27177" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="35.27177">N 35.27177</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FBA276D3FB79FB43" box="[1026,1164,1229,1253]" degrees="127.57146" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="127.57146">E 127.57146</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB6076D0FAF1FB43" box="[1216,1284,1229,1253]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="490.0">490 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FAB076D0FA73FB43" box="[1296,1414,1229,1253]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="2015-06-29">2015.06.29</date>
(1), S. Podenas, net (NIBR);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015321A609FBFC76F0FB51FAA3" box="[1116,1188,1261,1285]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(in EtOH), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FA9F76F3FA74FAA3" box="[1343,1409,1262,1285]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Korea</collectingCountry>
, Gangwon-do, Goseong-gun, Ganseong-eup, Jinbu-ri,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FAD37713FC67FAE0" degrees="38.26678" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="38.26678">N 38.26678</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FC007733FBC5FAE0" box="[928,1072,1326,1350]" degrees="128.35706" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="128.35706">E 128.35706</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FBCA7733FB45FAE3" box="[1130,1200,1326,1350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.97" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="497.0">497 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FB1E7733FACCFAE0" box="[1214,1337,1326,1350]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="2015-07-08">2015.07.08</date>
(1), V. Podeniene, net (NIBR);
<specimenCount id="2D88FD015321A609FB857753FB75FAC0" box="[1061,1152,1358,1382]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(pinned), S.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FAA67752FABDFAC0" box="[1286,1352,1359,1382]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F94AF86A5321A609FAF37753FC7BFA20" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, Piagol valley,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FCF47792FC26FA00" box="[852,979,1422,1446]" degrees="35.27333" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="35.27333">N 35.27333</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EBA504F5321A609FC7E7792FB93FA00" box="[990,1126,1422,1446]" degrees="127.56924" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" precision="1" value="127.56924">E 127.56924</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB397793FB29FA00" box="[1177,1244,1422,1446]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.46" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="546.0">546 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FB477792FAA9FA01" box="[1255,1372,1423,1447]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="2016-06-04">2016.06.04</date>
(3), S. Podenas, net (NIBR). Also compared with:
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FA8577ADFC08FA41" authority="(Alexander, 1936 b)" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FA8577ADFA70FA60" box="[1317,1413,1455,1479]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">P. cerina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795321A609FC9077D2FC03FA41" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[816,1014,1487,1511]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" pagination="323 - 360" refId="ref38546" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1936 b. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXXI. Philippine Journal of Science 60: 323 - 360." type="journal article" year="1936">Alexander, 1936b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FB8B77D2FAF2FA41" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1936" box="[1067,1287,1487,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerina">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB8B77D2FAF2FA41" box="[1067,1287,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Adelphomyia cerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FA8177D2FA77FA41" box="[1313,1410,1487,1511]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, male (antenna, wing and genitalia slide-mounted), W.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FC89740DFC9FF98E" box="[809,874,1552,1576]" name="China" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">China</collectingCountry>
, Mt. Omei, Chu Lao Tong Temple,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB4C740DFA74F98E" box="[1260,1409,1552,1576]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" metricValueMax="2.1336" metricValueMin="1.8288" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="ft" value="6500.0" valueMax="7000.0" valueMin="6000.0">6000-7000 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FC89742DFC57F9EE" box="[809,930,1584,1608]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="1935-07-27">1935.07.27</date>
, G. M. Franck, light (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FB53742CFBF1F9CE" authority="(Alexander, 1936 a)" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crossospila">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB53742CFA73F9EE" box="[1267,1414,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">P. crossospila</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795321A609FC90744DFC09F9CE" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[816,1020,1616,1640]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" pagination="165 - 204" refId="ref38514" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1936 a. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXX. Philippine Journal of Science 60: 165 - 204." type="journal article" year="1936">Alexander, 1936a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FB95744DFC32F92E" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crossospila" subGenus="Paradelphomyia">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB95744DFB3DF9CE" box="[1077,1224,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Adelphomyia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB78744DFCCBF92E" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Paradelphomyia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FCEF746DFC32F92E" box="[847,967,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">crossospila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FC40746DFBB5F92E" box="[992,1088,1648,1672]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, male (antenna, leg, wing and genitalia slide-mounted), W.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FBC3748CFB50F90F" box="[1123,1189,1681,1705]" name="China" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">China</collectingCountry>
, Mt. Omei, Chu bao Tong Temple,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FC6974ACFB97F96F" box="[969,1122,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" metricValueMax="2.1336" metricValueMin="1.8288" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="ft" value="6500.0" valueMax="7000.0" valueMin="6000.0">6000-7000 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FBD074ACFB19F96F" box="[1136,1260,1713,1737]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="1935-07-27">1935.07.27</date>
, G.M. Franck (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FC3474CFFB53F94F" authority="Alexander, 1960" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1960" box="[916,1190,1745,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissita">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC3474CFFC07F94F" box="[916,1010,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">P. dissita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795321A609FC5974CCFB53F94F" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[1017,1190,1745,1769]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" pagination="137 - 184" refId="ref39084" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1960. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XLVI. Philippine Journal of Science 88: 137 - 184." type="journal article" year="1960">Alexander, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FB7074CFFCBBF8AF" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissita" subGenus="Oxyrhiza">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB7074CFFB11F94F" box="[1232,1252,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB5074CCFABAF94F" box="[1264,1359,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Oxyrhiza</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FAFE74CCFCBBF8AF" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">dissita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FCC574ECFC36F8AF" box="[869,963,1777,1801]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, male (leg, wing and genitalia slide-mount- ed), Pakistan-NW7P, Kaghan,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FB20750FFB22F88C" box="[1152,1239,1810,1834]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0385024" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="ft" value="6688.0">6688 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FB46750FFA91F88C" box="[1254,1380,1810,1834]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="1953-06-27">1953.06.27</date>
, F. Schmid (USNM);
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FC4B752EFBB2F8ED" box="[1003,1095,1843,1867]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, male (antenna, leg, wing and genitalia slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FBE0754FFB6BF8CC" box="[1088,1182,1874,1898]" name="Pakistan" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
, Mworee Hills,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5321A609FAF0754FFCB4F82D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2073616" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" unit="ft" value="7242.0">7242 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485321A609FCED756FFC31F82C" box="[845,964,1906,1930]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" value="1953-06-10">1953.06.10</date>
, F. Schmid (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FB0C756EFAD1F82C" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1196,1316,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latissima">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FB0C756EFAD1F82C" box="[1196,1316,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">P. latissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Alexan- der, 1932) (as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5321A609FC1B758EFB52F80D" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1932" box="[955,1191,1939,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latissima">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5321A609FC1B758EFB52F80D" box="[955,1191,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">Adelphomyia latissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5321A609FB1E758EFAE9F80D" box="[1214,1308,1939,1963]" pageId="34" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, male (antenna, leg, wing and genitalia slide-mounted), W.
<collectingCountry id="439976185321A609FAE175AEFA77F86D" box="[1345,1410,1971,1995]" name="China" pageId="34" pageNumber="526">China</collectingCountry>
, Mt. Omei, Srech,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5320A608FEC77318FE42FEBB" box="[359,439,261,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FE617318FDCDFEBB" box="[449,568,261,285]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1931-08-17">1931.08.17</date>
, Franck (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FD57731BFE1EFE9B" authority="(Alexander, 1936 c)" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majuscula">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FD57731BFEEFFE9B" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">P. majuscula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795320A608FE867338FE11FE9B" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[294,484,293,317]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" pagination="225 - 257" refId="ref38578" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1936 c. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXIX. Philippine Journal of Science 59: 225 - 257." type="journal article" year="1936">Alexander, 1936c</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FDB87338FF37FEFB" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majuscula">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FDB87338FF37FEFB" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Adelphomyia majuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5320A608FF787358FEC0FEFB" box="[216,309,325,349]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, female (foreleg and wing slide-mounted), W.
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FF0E737BFF1AFED8" box="[174,239,358,382]" name="China" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">China</collectingCountry>
, Beh Luh Din, Szechwan,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5320A608FDAA737BFDAEFED8" box="[522,603,358,382]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" unit="ft" value="4000.0">4000 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FDC7737BFD29FED8" box="[615,732,358,382]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1934-10-10">1934.10.10</date>
-24, D. C. Graham (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FE18739AFCFEFE38" authority="Alexander, 1950 b" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1950" box="[440,779,390,414]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimbicolor">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FE18739AFDB2FE38" box="[440,583,390,414]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">P. nimbicolor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795320A608FDEE739BFCFEFE38" author="Alexander, C. P." box="[590,779,390,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" pagination="418 - 436" refId="ref38885" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1950 b. Undescribed species of Japanese crane-flies (Diptera: Tipulidae). Part VII. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 43: 418 - 436." type="journal article" year="1950">Alexander, 1950b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FF7673BAFE11FE18" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1950" box="[214,484,422,447]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimbicolor" subGenus="Oxyrhiza">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FF7673BAFF1EFE18" box="[214,235,423,446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FF5973BBFEAEFE18" box="[249,347,422,446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Oxyrhiza</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FECE73BBFE11FE18" box="[366,484,422,446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">nimbicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5320A608FE5E73BBFDAAFE18" box="[510,607,422,446]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, male (antenna, leg, wing and genitalia slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FDFE73DAFD68FE78" box="[606,669,455,478]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshiu, Funakosi,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FEBD73FAFE63FE59" box="[285,406,487,511]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1947-09-26">1947.09.26</date>
, N. Yamamoto (USNM); (as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FD6D73F5FE55FDB9" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimbicolor">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FD6D73F5FE55FDB9" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Paradelphomyia nimbicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): metatype, male (head, legs, wing and genitalia slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FE5F7035FDB5FD99" box="[511,576,552,575]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Kuri-ake,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5320A608FD607035FCF3FD99" box="[704,774,552,576]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FF0E7055FED0FDC6" box="[174,293,584,608]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1955-10-16">1955.10.16</date>
, K. Baba (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FE567055FF0CFD26" authority="(Alexander, 1924 b)" baseAuthorityName="Alexander" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FE567055FD79FDF9" box="[502,652,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">P. nipponensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795320A608FD377055FF07FD26" author="Alexander, C. P." pageId="35" pageNumber="527" pagination="65 - 81" refId="ref38291" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1924 b. New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). XXVI. Palaearctic species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9) 15: 65 - 81." type="journal article" year="1924">Alexander, 1924b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FE877075FDC9FD26" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" box="[295,572,616,640]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FE877075FDC9FD26" box="[295,572,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Adelphomyia nipponensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<typeStatus id="E435882A5320A608FDF57075FD40FD26" box="[597,693,616,640]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, female (leg and wing slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FE4B7094FDDCFD06" box="[491,553,649,672]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Yumoto, alt.
<quantity id="FC769B6D5320A608FD167095FCF2FD06" box="[694,775,648,672]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.773936" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" unit="ft" value="5820.0">5820 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FF0E70B4FEDDFD67" box="[174,296,681,705]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1923-07-23">1923.07.23</date>
, Teiso Esaki (USNM); metatype, male (wing and genitalia slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FE4270D4FDD5FD46" box="[482,544,713,736]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshiu, Konseitoge,
<quantity id="FC769B6D5320A608FF0E70F4FF0AFCA7" box="[174,255,745,769]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1336" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" unit="ft" value="7000.0">7000 ft.</quantity>
,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FEA970F4FE75FCA7" box="[265,384,745,769]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1934-08-06">1934.08.06</date>
, S. Issiki (USNM);
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FDEC70F7FF19FC87" authority="(Haliday, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senilis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FDEC70F7FD52FCA7" box="[588,679,745,769]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">P. senilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5F1F4B795320A608FD1270F4FF11FC87" author="Haliday, A. H." pageId="35" pageNumber="527" pagination="147 - 180" refId="ref39520" refString="Haliday, A. H. 1833. Catalogue of the Diptera occurring about Holywood in Downshire. Entomological Magazine, London 1: 147 - 180." type="journal article" year="1833">Haliday, 1833</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FEB77117FE1EFC87" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[279,491,777,801]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Paradelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senilis" subGenus="Oxyrhiza">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FEB77117FED9FC87" box="[279,300,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FE997114FE6DFC87" box="[313,408,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Oxyrhiza</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FE097114FE1EFC87" box="[425,491,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">senilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): male (wing and genitalia slide-mounted), N.
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FE297134FE3BFCE7" box="[393,462,809,833]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Wales</collectingCountry>
, Caernavon, Bangar-Vaynol Wood,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FF5B7157FE87FCC4" box="[251,370,842,866]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1966-09-22">1966.09.22</date>
, R. I. Vane-Wright (USNM); (as
<taxonomicName id="FC8E4D0B5320A608FD727157FEA4FC24" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Adelphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senilis">
<emphasis id="09FAEA9A5320A608FD727157FEA4FC24" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Adelphomyia senilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): female (wing slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FD057177FCF2FC24" box="[677,775,874,898]" name="Germany" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">Germany</collectingCountry>
, Frankfurt, Oder,
<date id="4F3010485320A608FEFF7197FE23FC04" box="[351,470,906,930]" pageId="35" pageNumber="527" value="1913-09-17">1913.09.17</date>
, Riedel (USNM); male (wing slide-mounted),
<collectingCountry id="439976185320A608FEFA71B6FE46FC65" box="[346,435,939,963]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="35" pageNumber="527">England</collectingCountry>
, Radwell, Herto, 1920.09, F. W. Edwards (USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>