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<document id="E2EEF95E047BD2CAD941EE13875F49AD" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217065" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1722603420905" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Karstedt, Fernanda, Bergemann, Sarah E., Gates, Genevieve, Ratkowsky, David, Cunha, Kelmer Martins &amp; Capelari, Marina" docDate="2024" docId="19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.654.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 654 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Entoloma voltavelhense Karstedt &amp; Capelari, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="E56E231A76100C6FFFC28B04BF42A566" masterDocTitle="Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1724975768610" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="F17C240912445F63117BA7775CF4698D">Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CA3735250C66B46978D79E074528E951">Karstedt, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0B162A706146E266EA69986CDB6E12DE">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3EF226EDD5D1C79EB70F2501013D5E37">Bergemann, Sarah E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FDBABAA98E0B092990A0909F7D69EC40">Middle Tennessee State University, Biology Department, PO Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="58AE028A8415925926B0B137D98EBC4F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1012E0530CAF4104058D17F151C0857A">Gates, Genevieve</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="72C18928C08C9AC7B77E677D4193D65A">9 Winmarleigh Ave, Taroona, Tasmania, 7053, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2F9A76D0532055575206D20F6F67DB84">Ratkowsky, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C14465F0BE2FAD1243954C07D01687ED">Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="E8C8FBDB1A202FB7CE5BE98E0B2C2E6C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3EA69707EA1CAE315CA52CCC3398B41F">
<mods:roleTerm id="4B8D98311A4F525C813ABF5FE8908DBD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D92187FDAC865193335CD619D389588B">Cunha, Kelmer Martins</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5C2DE5FD0AC4F4EC94F03F90EEB8FA20" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2140-9916</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="13C03CA1358326B5E346A78623FB962E">MIND. Funga / MICOLAB, Botany Department, Santa Catarina Federal University, 88040 - 900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. * Correspondence to: fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2140 - 9916 sarah. bergemann @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7875 - 2040 ggggates @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9561 - 7788 d. ratkowsky @ utas. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7514 - 3570 kelmermartinscunha @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0545 - 5966 mcapelariibot @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0001 - 0737 - 3681</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4C43CE039BA4E03F372F4AE2E5D96CC" type="email">fernanda.karstedt@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E255E24213157128BBBA29F425147A45">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="132D85655063966D4F7F12BAD64DF607">Capelari, Marina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EB160EC81A12076803332FBBE1F0AC5E">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B9A82D1E744BD9C5D04673BB99A0F5A0">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2823002C08BE8AAA1EF7BB8A98CB390A">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="38FE2F5FE6C8DEA7DB4B2B37B8C78C60">2024-06-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="415F92FF2B57E5616F9EFDF7B341F778">654</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="01C9439E9A6CC0805F7DDD3E1FD7824C">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="EE970E4ACA669C0589126B0DB04C4FE2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="86AFB03E4F42917C1F2F9F37D4C008AE" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C07295EAF03ADB013B30A198C8220961" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0FD778BE75660AA7B596BAFD62F9906C" type="Zenodo-Dep">13217065</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF762E0C51FF4A8FD2BDA0A196" box="[136,738,1238,1265]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8FD2BDA0A196" blockId="62.[136,738,1238,1337]" box="[136,738,1238,1265]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="CA095D18762E0C51FF4A8FD2BDA0A196" box="[136,738,1238,1265]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7762E0C51FF4A8FD2BDC7A196" authority="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" authorityName="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" box="[136,645,1238,1265]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FF4A8FD2BEDFA197" bold="true" box="[136,413,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Entoloma voltavelhense</emphasis>
Karstedt &amp; Capelari
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B98B1D762E0C51FD4E8FD3BDA0A196" box="[652,738,1238,1264]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FD4E8FD3BD99A196" box="[652,731,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF762E0C51FF4A8FFEBE4CA05F" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8FFEBEC3A073" blockId="62.[136,738,1238,1337]" box="[136,385,1274,1301]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F1762E0C51FF4A8FFEBFA6A072" box="[136,228,1274,1300]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="63.[136,229,1182,1204]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,206,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-17@63.[213,1374,191,1156]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 31. Entoloma voltavelhense: a–c. basidiospores: a. FK2118; b. FK2105; c. FK1694; d. basidia (FK2105); e–f. cheilocystidia: e. FK2105; f. FK1694; g. pileipellis (FK2118). Scales: a–f: 10 µm, g: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217127/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs. 31</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F1762E0C51FF328FFEBE71A072" box="[240,307,1274,1300]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="63.[136,229,2029,2051]" captionTargetBox="[319,1267,1275,2000]" captionTargetId="figure-72@63.[317,1270,1267,2003]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 32. Microphotography of basidiospores in electron microscopy: a–c. E. vinososquamulosum (FK1745); d–g. E. viscaurantium (Singer B11442); h–j. E. voltavelhense (FK1694). Scale: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217129/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">32h–j</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F1762E0C51FEFC8FFEBEC3A073" box="[318,385,1274,1301]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="66.[136,229,1401,1423]" captionTargetBox="[294,1293,200,1367]" captionTargetId="figure-23@66.[285,1302,191,1376]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 35. Basidiomas: a–b. Entoloma arenicola: a. FK1811; b. FK2089; c–e. E. voltavelhense: c. FK1694; d–e. FK2118; f–g. E. vinososquamulosum (FK1745). Photos: F. Karstedt. Scale: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217135/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35c–e</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8E1BBE4CA05F" blockId="62.[136,738,1238,1337]" box="[136,270,1310,1337]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">MB 852110</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF762E0C51FF4A8E6EBE59A0C2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8E6EBE59A0C2" blockId="62.[136,1452,1386,1588]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Etymology:—
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FED38E6EBED7A019" box="[273,405,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Voltavelhense</emphasis>
refers to Volta Velha Private Natural Heritage Reserve, one of the localities at which the species was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF762E0C51FF4A8EB6BBC5A08A" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8EB6BBC5A08A" blockId="62.[136,1452,1386,1588]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis:—This species is characterized by the combination of a vinaceous pink pileus, cuboidal basidiospores with slightly elongated angles, cylindrical to clavate cheilocystidia, clamp connections and the absence of refractive hyphae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF762E0C51FF4A8EFEBD0DA355" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8EFEBD0DA355" blockId="62.[136,1452,1386,1588]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<materialsCitation id="2196E029762E0C51FF4A8EFEBD09A355" collectingDate="2011-01-05" collectorName="Serra dos Orgaos National Park &amp; F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" county="Type" location="Orgaos National Park" municipality="Teresopolis" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="782092F8762E0C51FF4A8EFEBFF8A369" box="[136,186,1530,1551]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Type</collectingCounty>
:—
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE4762E0C51FF148EFEBE72A369" box="[214,304,1530,1551]" name="Brazil" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="533A2496762E0C51FEFA8EFEBE89A376" box="[312,459,1530,1552]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Rio De Janeiro</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E762E0C51FE118EFEBD06A376" box="[467,580,1530,1552]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Teresópolis</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA2762E0C51FD8F8EFEBC3EA376" box="[589,892,1530,1553]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Serra dos
<location id="9421BCAF762E0C51FD698EFEBC3EA376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0:9421BCAF762E0C51FD698EFEBC3EA376" box="[683,892,1530,1553]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Teresopolis" name="Orgaos National Park" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Órgãos National Park</location>
</collectorName>
,
<location id="9421BCAF762E0C51FC478EFEBB39A376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0:9421BCAF762E0C51FC478EFEBB39A376" box="[901,1147,1530,1552]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Teresopolis" name="Teresopolis Headquarters" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Teresópolis Headquarters</location>
,
<location id="9421BCAF762E0C51FB468EFEBA4EA376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0:9421BCAF762E0C51FB468EFEBA4EA376" box="[1156,1292,1530,1552]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Teresopolis" name="Postcard Trail" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Postcard Trail</location>
,
<date id="E540CCB4762E0C51FAD78EFEBAE5A369" box="[1301,1447,1530,1552]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2011-01-05">
<collectingDate id="F504355C762E0C51FAD78EFEBAE5A369" box="[1301,1447,1530,1552]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2011-01-05">5 January 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FF7F8D1ABEF0A355" box="[189,434,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA2762E0C51FF7F8D1ABE6AA355" box="[189,296,1566,1587]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK1694
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4E4554D6762E0C51FE7D8D1ABD5EA352" box="[447,540,1566,1588]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF762E0C2FFF4A8D66BBE5A70F" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C51FF4A8D66BE1FA2FA" blockId="62.[136,1452,1634,2093]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Description:—
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FEEC8D66BE36A31A" box="[302,372,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="56064791762E0C51FEBE8D66BEAAA31B" box="[380,488,1634,1661]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="8.0">8–23 mm</quantity>
diam., conical-papillate, slightly conical-convex, convex, plano-convex or applanate, opaque, vinaceous pink, vinaceous, sometimes with center brownish vinaceous, then paler to beige at margin, not hygrophanous, surface adpressed-fibrillose to slightly fibrillose-squamulose, margin smooth, dentate or irregular.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FAA78DAEBF9BA38E" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Pileus context</emphasis>
thin, white.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FEA98DCABE91A38E" box="[363,467,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lamellae</emphasis>
sinuate or adnexed-sinuate, sometimes slightly reticulated, pinkish beige, distant with two tiers of lamellulae, margins entire or slightly irregular.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FCE28DF7BC1AA26B" box="[800,856,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Stipe</emphasis>
25–60 ×
<quantity id="56064791762E0C51FC018DF6BB60A26B" box="[963,1058,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 mm</quantity>
, cylindrical or attenuated upwards, centrally attached or slightly eccentric, slightly pinkish brown-beige with beige apex, or apex slightly brownish with a whitish base, or wholly white, silky, covered by thin adpressed fibrils, apex slightly pruinous, glabrous, smooth, fibrillose, hollow, with white basal tomentum,
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FD508C5ABDAEA21E" box="[658,748,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">rhizoids</emphasis>
white.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FCFC8C5BBC8CA21E" box="[830,974,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Stipe context</emphasis>
white.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FBE38C5ABB1EA21E" box="[1057,1116,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Odor</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FB508C5BBB85A21E" box="[1170,1223,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">taste</emphasis>
not observed.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FAA98C5BBFFCA2FA" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Spore print</emphasis>
not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA74762E0C2FFF7F8CA2BBE5A70F" blockId="62.[136,1452,1634,2093]" lastBlockId="64.[136,1452,158,617]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762E0C51FF7F8CA2BE19A2A6" box="[189,347,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Basidiospores</emphasis>
cuboidal with slightly elongated angles, with a hilar appendix present, excluding the projections 7–8.7 × 7.5–8.7 µm [xm = 7.63 (± 0.49) × 8.13 (± 0.58) µm, Q = 1–1.16, Qm = 1.07 (± 0.07), n = 28/3], 7.5– including the projections 10.5 × 8.7–10 µm [xm = 8.93 (± 0.60) × 9.47 (± 0.64) µm, Q = 1–1.14(–1.33), Qm = 1.06 (± 0.08), n = 34/3] and diagonally 9–12.5 × 10–13.7 µm [xm = 10.84 (± 0.83) × 11.63 (± 0.79) µm, Q = 1–1.25, Qm = 1.08 (± 0.07), n = 34/3], thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFE0C8B9ABD66A5DE" box="[462,548,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Basidia</emphasis>
clavate or cylindro-clavate, (37–)42–62 × 11–14(–15) µm (n = 43), hyaline, thin-walled, rarely thickened, sub-hymenium branched, 4-sterigmate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCAD8BC6BB53A5BA" box="[879,1041,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
covering the entire lamella margin, cylindrical, cylindro-clavate, clavate, hyphoid or irregular, sometimes branched, 27–100 × 5–11.2 µm (n = 50), hyaline or light straw yellow, thin-walled, rarely thickened.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCE08A0EBC86A442" box="[802,964,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFC388A0EBBE2A442" box="[1018,1184,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">pseudocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFB398A0EBAE9A442" box="[1275,1451,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
composed of subparallel hyphae, cylindrical or broadly cylindrical, sometimes branched, 3.7–24 µm diam. (n = 59/3), hyaline, thin-walled, rarely septate, sub-hymenium branched.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFC818A56BCF9A40A" box="[835,955,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pileitrama</emphasis>
composed of radially entangled, cylindrical or broadly cylindrical hyphae, 6.5–21 µm diam. (n = 20), hyaline, thin-walled, septate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFBA88A72BB9EA4F6" box="[1130,1244,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis formed by prostrate, cylindrical hyphae, 6.2–11.2 µm diam. (n = 53/5), hyaline or with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled, terminal hyphae prostrate or anticlinal, cylindrical, cylindro-clavate or clavate, with rounded apex, hyaline or with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCCB8AE6BCCBA49A" box="[777,905,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
a cutis of prostrate, cylindrical hyphae, 3.7–6.5 µm diam. (n = 10), hyaline or with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled, septate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFB558902BA71A746" box="[1175,1331,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Caulocystidia</emphasis>
dispersed, prostrate or slightly anticlinical, cylindrical or cylindro-clavate, 44–100 × 7.5–14 µm (n = 10), hyaline or straw yellow, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFED4894ABEAFA70E" box="[278,493,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Clamp connections</emphasis>
present.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFD91894ABC5CA70E" box="[595,798,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Refractive hyphae</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCB8894ABB05A70E" box="[890,1095,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Oleiferous hyphae</emphasis>
present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C581BAFC762F0C50FF4A8F9ABC14A1B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217127/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[136,229,1182,1204]" targetBox="[227,1360,206,1142]" targetPageId="63" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762F0C50FF4A8F9ABC14A1B1" blockId="63.[136,1451,1182,1240]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FF4A8F9ABE4BA1D5" bold="true" box="[136,265,1182,1204]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7762F0C50FECC8F9ABEB6A1D5" box="[270,500,1182,1203]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FECC8F9ABEB6A1D5" box="[270,500,1182,1203]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Entoloma voltavelhense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FDC28F9ABD60A1D5" bold="true" box="[512,546,1182,1203]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">a–c</emphasis>
. basidiospores:
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FD7F8F9ABD8BA1D5" bold="true" box="[701,713,1182,1203]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">a</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FD168F9ABC60A1D5" box="[724,802,1182,1203]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK2118</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FCEF8F9ABC78A1D5" bold="true" box="[813,826,1182,1203]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">b</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FC848F9ABCD7A1D5" box="[838,917,1182,1203]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK2105</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FC638F9ABCEEA1D5" bold="true" box="[929,940,1182,1203]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">c</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FC758F9ABB44A1D5" box="[951,1030,1182,1203]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK1694</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FBD08F9ABB5DA1D5" bold="true" box="[1042,1055,1182,1203]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">d</emphasis>
. basidia (
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FBBE8F9ABB89A1D5" box="[1148,1227,1182,1203]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK2105</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FB1D8F9ABBB7A1D2" bold="true" box="[1247,1269,1182,1204]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">e–</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7762F0C50FB378F9ABAD0A1D2" box="[1269,1426,1182,1204]" form="cheilocystidia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="form">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FB378F9ABBBCA1D2" bold="true" box="[1269,1278,1182,1204]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">f</emphasis>
. cheilocystidia
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FA598F9ABAE4A1D5" bold="true" box="[1435,1446,1182,1203]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">e</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FF4A8FC6BF95A1B1" box="[136,215,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK2105</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FF218FC6BFA9A1BE" bold="true" box="[227,235,1218,1240]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">f</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FF358FC6BE04A1B1" box="[247,326,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK1694</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FE918FC6BE1DA1B1" bold="true" box="[339,351,1218,1239]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">g</emphasis>
. pileipellis (
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FE158FC6BD67A1B1" box="[471,549,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK2118</emphasis>
). Scales: a–f: 10 µm, g: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C581BAFC762F0C50FF4A8CE9BDA5AD41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217129" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217129/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[136,229,2029,2051]" targetBox="[319,1267,1275,2000]" targetPageId="63" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA74762F0C50FF4A8CE9BDA5AD41" blockId="63.[136,1451,2029,2087]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FF4A8CE9BE48AD65" bold="true" box="[136,266,2029,2051]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
Microphotography of basidiospores in electron microscopy:
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FC958CEABC3BAD65" bold="true" box="[855,889,2030,2051]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">a–c</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7762F0C50FC448CEABB8BAD65" authority="(FK 1745)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1745" box="[902,1225,2029,2051]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vinososquamulosum">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FC448CEABB26AD64" box="[902,1124,2029,2051]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">E. vinososquamulosum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FBB08CEABB82AD65" box="[1138,1216,2030,2051]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK1745</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FB178CEABBB9AD65" bold="true" box="[1237,1275,2030,2051]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">d–g</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7762F0C50FAC58CEABAE9AD65" box="[1287,1451,2030,2051]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="viscaurantium">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FAC58CEABAE9AD65" box="[1287,1451,2030,2051]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">E. viscaurantium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FF528316BE5FAD41" box="[144,285,2066,2087]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Singer B11442</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FEF08315BE16AD41" bold="true" box="[306,340,2065,2087]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">h–j</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7762F0C50FEA28316BD26AD41" authority="(FK 1694)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1694" box="[352,612,2065,2087]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FEA28316BEBFAD40" box="[352,509,2065,2087]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">E. voltavelhense</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A3666762F0C50FDC98315BD1BAD40" box="[523,601,2065,2086]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FK1694</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Scale: 5 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C581BAFC76500C2FFF4A8CAFBE29AD6E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217131" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217131/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[136,229,1963,1985]" targetBox="[280,1307,688,1928]" targetPageId="64" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476500C2FFF4A8CAFBE29AD6E" blockId="64.[136,1452,1963,2057]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFF4A8CAFBE4AA2A6" bold="true" box="[136,264,1963,1985]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
Basidiomas:
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFE4A8CAFBEECA2A6" bold="true" box="[392,430,1963,1984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">a–b</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776500C2FFE7A8CAFBDDDA2A6" box="[440,671,1963,1984]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="acutipallidum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFE7A8CAFBDDDA2A6" box="[440,671,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Entoloma acutipallidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFD698CAFBDF5A2A6" bold="true" box="[683,695,1963,1984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">a</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFD008CAFBC52A2A6" box="[706,784,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FK1893</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCDE8CAFBC6BA2A6" bold="true" box="[796,809,1963,1984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">b</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCF68CAFBCDCA2A6" box="[820,926,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">11RMT078</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFC6B8CAFBCF6A2A6" bold="true" box="[937,948,1963,1984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">c</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776500C2FFC7D8CA8BBF1A2A6" authority="(FK 1871)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[959,1203,1963,1985]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caxiuanense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFC7D8CA8BC8CA2A7" box="[959,974,1964,1985]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFC1A8CAFBB0DA2A6" box="[984,1103,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">caxiuanense</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFB998CAFBBEBA2A6" box="[1115,1193,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FK1871</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFB7F8CAFBB88A2A6" bold="true" box="[1213,1226,1963,1984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">d</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776500C2FFB178CA8BA79A2A6" box="[1237,1339,1963,1985]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dennisii">
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFB178CA8BA79A2A6" box="[1237,1339,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E. dennisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFA858CAFBADEA2A6" box="[1351,1436,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">CP47/04</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFF4A8CCBBFE9A282" bold="true" box="[136,171,1999,2020]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">e–g</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776500C2FFF7A8CD4BE33A282" box="[184,369,1999,2021]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luteolamellatum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFF7A8CD4BE33A282" box="[184,369,1999,2021]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E. luteolamellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFEBD8CCBBEC8A282" bold="true" box="[383,394,1999,2020]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">e</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFE5A8CCBBD40A282" box="[408,514,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">11RMT094</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFDD28CCBBD72A283" bold="true" box="[528,560,1999,2021]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">f–g</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFDFC8CCBBDEBA282" box="[574,681,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">11RMT109</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFD758CCBBD86A282" bold="true" box="[695,708,1999,2020]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">h</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776500C2FFD108CD4BCCFA282" authority="(FK 2096)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="2096" box="[722,909,1999,2021]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="capes">
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFD108CD4BC67A283" box="[722,805,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E. capes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676500C2FFCF78CCBBCC6A282" box="[821,900,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FK2096</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Photos: a, c, h: F. Karstedt; b, e–g: R. Mazieiro; d: C. Puccinelli. Scale: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76510C2EFF7F8B9ABA0DA5DE" box="[189,1359,158,185]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476510C2EFF7F8B9ABA0DA5DE" blockId="65.[136,1452,158,473]" box="[189,1359,158,185]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Habitat:—Solitary or gregarious, in sandy soil with litter, in restinga forest, in the Atlantic Forest biome.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76510C2EFF7F8BC6BEB3A42E" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476510C2EFF7F8BC6BCAEA5BA" blockId="65.[136,1452,158,473]" box="[189,1004,194,221]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
Distribution:—Occurs in the states of
<collectingRegion id="533A249676510C2EFDAA8BC6BC48A5BA" box="[616,778,194,220]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="533A249676510C2EFC838BC6BCABA5BA" box="[833,1001,194,220]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476510C2EFF7F8BE2BEB3A42E" blockId="65.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
Additional material examined:
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976510C2EFDE28BE2BEAFA42E" collectingDate="2011-12-10" collectingDateMax="2011-12-11" collectingDateMin="2011-12-10" collectionCode="FLOR" collectorName="F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" county="Itapoa" location="Glasshouse Trail" municipality="Volta Velha Private Natural Heritage Reserve" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476510C2EFDE28BE2BDCBA466" box="[544,649,230,256]" name="Brazil" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="533A249676510C2EFD578BE2BC7DA466" box="[661,831,230,256]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="782092F876510C2EFC898BE2BCD6A466" box="[843,916,230,256]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Itapoá</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76510C2EFC638BE2BAE5A467" box="[929,1447,230,257]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Volta Velha Private Natural Heritage Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76510C2EFF4A8A0EBE05A442" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0:9421BCAF76510C2EFF4A8A0EBE05A442" box="[136,327,266,292]" country="Brazil" county="Itapoa" municipality="Volta Velha Private Natural Heritage Reserve" name="Glasshouse Trail" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Glasshouse Trail</location>
,
<date id="E540CCB476510C2EFE918A0EBD69A442" box="[339,555,266,292]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2011-12-10">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76510C2EFE918A0EBD69A442" box="[339,555,266,292]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2011-12-10">10 December 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFDF48A0FBC15A442" box="[566,855,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276510C2EFDF48A0FBDF0A442" box="[566,690,266,292]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK2105
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F7EF72B176510C2EFCA48A0EBCF6A442" box="[870,948,266,292]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14336" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14336" name="Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="Herbarium">FLOR</collectionCode>
);
<location id="9421BCAF76510C2EFC058A0EBBEBA442" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62762E0C2DFF4A8FD2BB8EA3D0:9421BCAF76510C2EFC058A0EBBEBA442" box="[967,1193,266,292]" country="Brazil" county="Itapoa" municipality="Volta Velha Private Natural Heritage Reserve" name="Trilha do Sambaqui" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Trilha do Sambaqui</location>
,
<date id="E540CCB476510C2EFB768A0EBAC9A442" box="[1204,1419,266,292]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2011-12-11">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76510C2EFB768A0EBAC9A442" box="[1204,1419,266,292]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2011-12-11">11 December 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFA558A0FBECAA42E" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276510C2EFA558A0FBFAAA42E" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK2118
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F7EF72B176510C2EFE558A2ABEA7A42E" box="[407,485,302,328]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14336" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14336" name="Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="Herbarium">FLOR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76510C2DFF7F8A56BB8EA3D0" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476510C2EFF7F8A56BC87A4BF" blockId="65.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
Comments:—
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFE998A57BD4DA40A" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1694" box="[347,527,338,364]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFE998A57BD4DA40A" box="[347,527,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. voltavelhense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is phylogenetically and morphologically close to
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFBE88A57BBF2A40A" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[1066,1200,338,364]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="arenicola">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFBE88A57BBF2A40A" box="[1066,1200,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E.arenicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but in
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFB358A57BAE9A40A" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1694" box="[1271,1451,338,364]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFB358A57BAE9A40A" box="[1271,1451,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. voltavelhense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the fibrils of the pileus thin towards the margin, while in
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFCD28A73BCDBA4F6" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[784,921,374,400]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="arenicola">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFCD28A73BCDBA4F6" box="[784,921,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. arenicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they cover the whole the surface of the pileus. In addition, refractive hyphae are present in
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFD548A9FBC66A4D2" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[662,804,410,436]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="arenicola">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFD548A9FBC66A4D2" box="[662,804,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. arenicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but absent in
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFC108A9FBBCCA4D2" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1694" box="[978,1166,410,436]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFC108A9FBBCCA4D2" box="[978,1166,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. voltavelhense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Also, the angles of the basidiospores in
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFE868ABBBEB9A4BE" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1694" box="[324,507,446,472]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFE868ABBBEB9A4BE" box="[324,507,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. voltavelhense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more elongated than in
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFCF68ABBBCFFA4BE" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[820,957,446,472]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="arenicola">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFCF68ABBBCFFA4BE" box="[820,957,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. arenicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C581BAFC76510C2EFF4A8C11BC56A228" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217133/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[136,229,1813,1835]" targetBox="[299,1289,544,1778]" targetPageId="65" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476510C2EFF4A8C11BC56A228" blockId="65.[136,1452,1813,1871]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFF4A8C11BE4CA24C" bold="true" box="[136,270,1813,1835]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
Basidiomas:
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFE5B8C11BEFDA24C" bold="true" box="[409,447,1813,1834]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">a–b</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFE0D8C11BDF2A24C" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[463,688,1813,1834]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFE0D8C11BDF2A24C" box="[463,688,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Entoloma amazonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFD038C11BD8FA24C" bold="true" box="[705,717,1813,1834]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">a</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFD1F8C11BC6EA24C" box="[733,812,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FK1815</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFCFF8C11BC08A24C" bold="true" box="[829,842,1813,1834]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">b</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFC998C11BCEBA24C" box="[859,937,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FK1814</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFC788C11BC87A24C" bold="true" box="[954,965,1813,1834]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">c</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFC148C11BBB2A24C" authority="(FK 1693)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1693" box="[982,1264,1813,1834]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luteobrunneum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFC148C11BBC4A24C" box="[982,1158,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. luteobrunneum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFB5A8C11BBA5A24C" box="[1176,1255,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FK1693</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFAC28C11BA4FA24C" bold="true" box="[1280,1293,1813,1834]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">d</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776510C2EFADC8C11BAEEA24C" box="[1310,1452,1813,1834]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gatesianum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFADC8C11BAEEA24C" box="[1310,1452,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">E. gatesianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676510C2EFF528C3DBFA4A228" box="[144,230,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">ACM498</emphasis>
). Photos: a–c: F. Karstedt; d: A.C. Magnago. Scale: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C581BAFC76520C2DFF4A8E7DBDB7A0D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217135" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217135/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[136,229,1401,1423]" targetBox="[294,1293,200,1367]" targetPageId="66" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476520C2DFF4A8E7DBDB7A0D5" blockId="66.[136,1452,1401,1460]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFF4A8E7DBE4EA0E9" bold="true" box="[136,268,1401,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
Basidiomas:
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFE518E7EBEFAA0E9" bold="true" box="[403,440,1402,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">a–b</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776520C2DFE058E7EBDC5A0E9" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[455,647,1402,1423]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="arenicola">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFE058E7EBDC5A0E9" box="[455,647,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Entoloma arenicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFD548E7EBDE0A0E9" bold="true" box="[662,674,1402,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">a</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFD738E7EBDBFA0E9" box="[689,765,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FK1811</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFCCE8E7EBC5BA0E9" bold="true" box="[780,793,1402,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">b</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFCEA8E7EBC35A0E9" box="[808,887,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FK2089</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFC448E7EBCE5A0E9" bold="true" box="[902,935,1402,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">c–e</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776520C2DFC778E7EBB17A0E9" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1694" box="[949,1109,1402,1423]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="voltavelhense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFC778E7EBB17A0E9" box="[949,1109,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">E. voltavelhense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFBA68E7EBB2DA0E9" bold="true" box="[1124,1135,1402,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">c</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFBBF8E7EBB89A0E9" box="[1149,1227,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FK1694</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFB188E7EBBBCA0E9" bold="true" box="[1242,1278,1402,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">d–e</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFACF8E7EBA18A0E9" box="[1293,1370,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FK2118</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFAAA8E7DBACAA0E9" bold="true" box="[1384,1416,1401,1423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">f–g</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776520C2DFA558E7EBEF3A0D5" authority="(FK 1745)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1745" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vinososquamulosum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFA558E7EBE09A0D5" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">E. vinososquamulosum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFE9B8E9ABEE5A0D5" box="[345,423,1438,1459]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FK1745</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Photos: F. Karstedt. Scale: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476520C2DFF4A8D08BE19A340" blockId="66.[136,347,1548,1574]" box="[136,347,1548,1574]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFF4A8D08BE19A340" bold="true" box="[136,347,1548,1574]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Excluded species</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476520C2DFF4A8D50BB8EA3D0" blockId="66.[136,1452,1620,1719]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
The
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676520C2DFF7C8D51BFBBA309" box="[190,249,1621,1647]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">types</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776520C2DFEE58D50BD36A308" authority="(Dennis)" baseAuthorityName="Dennis" box="[295,628,1620,1646]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="avilanum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFEE58D50BD44A308" box="[295,518,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Entoloma avilanum</emphasis>
(Dennis)
</taxonomicName>
E. Horak (1976:186) and
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776520C2DFC6F8D51BBF9A308" authority="(Bres.)" baseAuthorityName="Bres." box="[941,1211,1620,1646]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kamerunense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676520C2DFC6F8D51BB26A308" box="[941,1124,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">E. kamerunense</emphasis>
(Bres.)
</taxonomicName>
E.
<bibRefCitation id="F56F978576520C2DFB198D50BAE9A308" author="Horak" box="[1243,1451,1620,1646]" firstAuthor="Horak" page="292" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="40 - 110" refId="ref39218" refString="Horak, E. (1977) Entoloma in South America. I. Sydowia 30: 40 - 110." type="journal article" year="1977">Horak (1977:292)</bibRefCitation>
described from
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476520C2DFEFB8D7CBEEEA3F4" box="[313,428,1656,1682]" name="Venezuela" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476520C2DFE268D7CBD1EA3F4" box="[484,604,1656,1682]" name="Cameroon" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
, respectively, were compared with Brazilian collections labelled with these names and it was concluded that the former are not the same species as those that occur in
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476520C2DFB428D98BB8AA3D0" box="[1152,1224,1692,1718]" name="Brazil" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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