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<document id="A1EA6750BCE11908EDD403D7C4F8DD05" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217065" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1722603420905" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Karstedt, Fernanda, Bergemann, Sarah E., Gates, Genevieve, Ratkowsky, David, Cunha, Kelmer Martins &amp; Capelari, Marina" docDate="2024" docId="19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.654.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 654 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Entoloma smurfetti Karstedt &amp; Capelari, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="E56E231A76100C6FFFC28B04BF42A566" masterDocTitle="Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1724975768610" updateUser="carolina">
<mods:mods id="3832BF564AE7B3EEC0817883428A5DE2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="EF75FF9B36CB591FD9C961B67982E357">Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9C9E0624D49352530826C64639CE4EE4">Karstedt, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4B2D3B62DF145DB9C89F236013FBE40B">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="70B2D279A7C2B39DBD69C6543F83410C">Bergemann, Sarah E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C1A9D7D0132A77C2DF0A274B8349A640">Middle Tennessee State University, Biology Department, PO Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="331E81BB6D0607DD2968F256F4228BDF">Gates, Genevieve</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BB563DA69EFF84EFCDE98487E8DD0C5D">9 Winmarleigh Ave, Taroona, Tasmania, 7053, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8D18EFDA02EB087CDBABBB582ED8A7FC">Ratkowsky, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BDBB7B400B64FD9D315387C3161CC58D">Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="E60F08134D239D3961BE44F45E1F0572" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4106231E775FFE42A61AC10011669EB4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A644129EEC218F6F7E0B545E8E36F76D">Cunha, Kelmer Martins</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E1E303F7A82B11DC4D61E74E13EDE793" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2140-9916</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FAA02B7F69FB1F8286676D8CD8436564">MIND. Funga / MICOLAB, Botany Department, Santa Catarina Federal University, 88040 - 900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. * Correspondence to: fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2140 - 9916 sarah. bergemann @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7875 - 2040 ggggates @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9561 - 7788 d. ratkowsky @ utas. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7514 - 3570 kelmermartinscunha @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0545 - 5966 mcapelariibot @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0001 - 0737 - 3681</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B787A813817F1E3A0D829AA85824FEDC" type="email">fernanda.karstedt@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6291812F10E1FBAFBD0F48CA311BCB30">Capelari, Marina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CF004BDF536429C238219D961B18F0DC">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="516147CF4603ED32550B8BC37E0A1115">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6EF0FBE72C955708B6792740337D7A54">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3A5853219E9B56A97FDF46D0E7F111A6">2024-06-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="62892718464EAE7A3395EDEC6AF00022">654</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="36F69F231A71C34B3D2D3D4B5560366B">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="947E904D58286BA61689F002F74222AC" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9E5CE989AFF51283EFF9C8294C6AD77C" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215052" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215052" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76260C59FF4A8D16BDF4A34A" box="[136,694,1554,1581]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C59FF4A8D16BDF4A34A" blockId="54.[136,694,1554,1653]" box="[136,694,1554,1581]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="CA095D1876260C59FF4A8D16BDF4A34A" box="[136,694,1554,1581]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776260C59FF4A8D16BD17A34A" authority="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" authorityName="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" box="[136,597,1554,1581]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="smurfetti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FF4A8D16BE2BA34A" bold="true" box="[136,361,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Entoloma smurfetti</emphasis>
Karstedt &amp; Capelari
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B98B1D76260C59FD9D8D17BDF4A34A" box="[607,694,1554,1580]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FD9D8D17BDECA34A" box="[607,686,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76260C56FF4A8D32BD2AA7B2" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C59FF4A8D32BECAA336" blockId="54.[136,694,1554,1653]" box="[136,392,1590,1616]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176260C59FF4A8D32BFA6A336" box="[136,228,1590,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="55.[136,229,2024,2046]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,321,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-81@55.[164,1423,315,1994]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 26. Entoloma smurfetti: a. basidiospores (FK1741); b. basidia (FK1741); c. pseudocystidia (FK1741); d–e. cheilocystidia: d. FK1741; e. FK1717; f. caulocystidium (FK1741); g. pileipellis (FK1741). Scales: a–f: 10 µm, g: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217117/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Figs.
<geoCoordinate id="F4CA8CB376260C59FF048D32BFA6A336" box="[198,228,1590,1616]" degrees="26, 27" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="555" value="-26.27">26</geoCoordinate>
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176260C59FF328D32BE7AA336" box="[240,312,1590,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="56.[136,229,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[282,1303,202,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-23@56.[273,1312,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 27. Microphotography of basidiospores in electron microscopy: a–d. Entoloma luteobrunneum (FK1693). e–g. E. lycopersicum (TBGAG151); h–j. E. manausense (FK2083); k–n. E. neotropicale (FK2130); o–q. E smurfetti (FK1717). Scale: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217119/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">27o–q</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176260C59FE868D32BECAA336" box="[324,392,1590,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="67.[136,229,2023,2045]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,616,1988]" captionTargetId="figure-147@67.[269,1318,607,1997]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 36. Basidiomas: a–c. Entoloma smurfetti: a. FK1709; b. FK1717; c. FK1741; d–f. E. manausense: d. FK2066; e. FK2083; f. ACM500; g–h. E. paulense: g. FK0821; h. FK1151. Photos: a–e, g–h: F. Karstedt; f: A.C. Magnago. Scale: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217137/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">36a–c</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C59FF4A8D5FBE4DA312" blockId="54.[136,694,1554,1653]" box="[136,271,1626,1653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">MB 838600</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C59FF4A8DA2BE05A386" blockId="54.[136,1452,1702,1904]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Etymology:—Refers to the sky blue color of the animated cartoon characters ‘The Smurfs’, being the same coloration as the basidiomes of the species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C59FF4A8DEABA36A241" blockId="54.[136,1452,1702,1904]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Diagnosis:—
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776260C59FEC58DEABE83A265" box="[263,449,1774,1795]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="smurfetti">
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FEC58DEABE83A265" box="[263,449,1774,1795]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Entoloma smurfetti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the combination of a sky blue pileus with a golden or ochraceous center partially covered by adpressed ochraceous fibrils, in addition to cheilocystidia that vary from cylindrical, clavate, fusoid to mucronate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C59FF4A8C32BD7DA209" blockId="54.[136,1452,1702,1904]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976260C59FF4A8C32BD78A209" collectingDate="2011-01-19" collectorName="F. Karstedt &amp; D. C. Romao" country="Brazil" county="Type" location="Serra Geral National Park" municipality="Cambara do Sul" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="782092F876260C59FF4A8C32BFF8A22D" box="[136,186,1846,1867]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type</collectingCounty>
:—
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476260C59FF148C32BE72A22D" box="[214,304,1846,1867]" name="Brazil" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="533A249676260C59FEFB8C32BEB5A22A" box="[313,503,1846,1868]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Rio Grande Do Sul</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76260C59FDC28C32BDDFA22A" box="[512,669,1846,1868]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cambará do Sul</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76260C59FD658C32BCE0A22A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76260C59FD658C32BCE0A22A" box="[679,930,1846,1868]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Cambara do Sul" name="Serra Geral National Park" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Serra Geral National Park</location>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76260C59FC6F8C32BBCEA22A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76260C59FC6F8C32BBCEA22A" box="[941,1164,1846,1868]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Cambara do Sul" name="Pedra do Segredo Trail" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Pedra do Segredo Trail</location>
,
<date id="E540CCB476260C59FB548C32BA74A22D" box="[1174,1334,1846,1867]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2011-01-19">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76260C59FB548C32BA74A22D" box="[1174,1334,1846,1867]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2011-01-19">19 January 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FA838C32BEE0A209" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276260C59FA838C32BAEEA22D" box="[1345,1452,1846,1867]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276260C59FF148C5EBE0FA209" box="[214,333,1882,1903]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D.C. Romão</collectorName>
FK1741
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676260C59FE6D8C5EBD4EA216" box="[431,524,1882,1904]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476260C58FF4A8C9ABB18A442" blockId="54.[136,1451,1950,2085]" lastBlockId="55.[136,1452,158,293]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Description:—
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FEEC8C9ABE36A2DE" box="[302,372,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="5606479176260C59FEBE8C9ABEB7A2DF" box="[380,501,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="10.0">10–45 mm</quantity>
diam., conical, broadly conical, with apex not differentiated, umbonate or cuspidate, not translucent-striate or sometimes right at the margin, sky blue, center golden, then brownish or ochre, slightly hygrophanous, surface adpressed-fibrillose to slightly so at the margin, center sometimes slightly fibrillose-squamulose, margin involute, irregular or serrulate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FD80830EBDA3AD42" box="[578,737,2058,2084]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Pileus context</emphasis>
thin and whitish.
<emphasis id="A38A366676260C59FC6D830EBB55AD42" box="[943,1047,2058,2084]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lamellae</emphasis>
adnate or sinuate, rarely ventricose (&lt;
<quantity id="5606479176270C58FF608B9ABFA7A5DF" box="[162,229,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
at deepest part), blue, sky blue or pinkish blue, distant to crowded with lamellulae in three tiers, margins concolorous with faces, entire, lobed or irregular.
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FD738BC7BDABA5BB" box="[689,745,195,221]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Stipe</emphasis>
40–105 ×
<quantity id="5606479176270C58FC9D8BC6BC8EA5BB" box="[863,972,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 mm</quantity>
, cylindrical or slightly attenuated upwards, centrally attached, sky blue with whitish, silky fibrils, glabrous, longitudinally adpressed-fibrillose, fibrous, hollow, with white basal tomentum.
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FE048A0EBD43A442" box="[454,513,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Odor</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FDFA8A0FBD2FA442" box="[568,621,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">taste</emphasis>
indistinct.
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FD288A0FBC25A442" box="[746,871,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Spore print</emphasis>
on the lamellae pink.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C581BAFC76270C58FF4A8CECBB30AD47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217117/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" startId="55.[136,229,2024,2046]" targetBox="[169,1418,321,1989]" targetPageId="55" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476270C58FF4A8CECBB30AD47" blockId="55.[136,1451,2024,2082]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FF4A8CECBE48A29B" bold="true" box="[136,266,2024,2046]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776270C58FED08CECBE89A29B" box="[274,459,2024,2045]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="smurfetti">
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FED08CECBE89A29B" box="[274,459,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Entoloma smurfetti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FE1B8CECBEA7A29B" bold="true" box="[473,485,2024,2045]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">a</emphasis>
. basidiospores (
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FD468CECBD90A29B" box="[644,722,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1741</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FD2A8CECBDB7A29B" bold="true" box="[744,757,2024,2045]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">b</emphasis>
. basidia (
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FC948CECBCE6A29B" box="[854,932,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1741</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FC788CECBC87A29B" bold="true" box="[954,965,2024,2045]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">c</emphasis>
. pseudocystidia (
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FBAD8CECBBFCA29B" box="[1135,1214,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1741</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FB168CECBBBAA29B" bold="true" box="[1236,1272,2024,2045]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">d–e</emphasis>
. cheilocystidia:
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FA5A8CECBAE7A29B" bold="true" box="[1432,1445,2024,2045]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">d</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FF4A8308BF94AD47" box="[136,214,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1741</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FF218308BFACAD47" bold="true" box="[227,238,2060,2081]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">e</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FF388308BE0BAD47" box="[250,329,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1717</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776270C58FE978308BD20AD47" authority="(FK 1741)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1741" box="[341,610,2060,2082]" form="caulocystidium" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="form">
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FE978308BE1FAD44" bold="true" box="[341,349,2060,2082]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">f</emphasis>
. caulocystidium (
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FDC88308BD1AAD47" box="[522,600,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1741</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FDAF8308BD3BAD47" bold="true" box="[621,633,2060,2081]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">g</emphasis>
. pileipellis (
<emphasis id="A38A366676270C58FD308308BC02AD47" box="[754,832,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FK1741</emphasis>
). Scales: a–f: 10 µm, g: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C581BAFC76280C57FF4A8D55BA40A3EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217119" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217119/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" startId="56.[136,229,1617,1639]" targetBox="[282,1303,202,1587]" targetPageId="56" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476280C57FF4A8D55BA40A3EC" blockId="56.[136,1451,1617,1675]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FF4A8D55BE4BA300" bold="true" box="[136,265,1617,1639]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
Microphotography of basidiospores in electron microscopy:
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FC8D8D55BC37A300" bold="true" box="[847,885,1617,1638]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">a–d</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776280C57FC428D55BB98A300" authority="(FK 1693)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1693" box="[896,1242,1617,1638]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luteobrunneum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FC428D55BB36A300" box="[896,1140,1617,1638]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Entoloma luteobrunneum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FB438D55BB92A300" box="[1153,1232,1617,1638]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FK1693</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FB218D55BA44A300" bold="true" box="[1251,1286,1617,1638]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">e–g</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776280C57FAD38D55BAE9A300" box="[1297,1451,1617,1638]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FAD38D55BAE9A300" box="[1297,1451,1617,1638]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E. lycopersicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FF528D71BE43A3EC" box="[144,257,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">TBGAG151</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FED48D71BE75A3ED" bold="true" box="[278,311,1653,1675]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">h–j</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776280C57FE818D71BD7BA3EC" authority="(FK 2083)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="2083" box="[323,569,1653,1674]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FE818D71BE91A3EC" box="[323,467,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E. manausense</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FE238D71BD72A3EC" box="[481,560,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FK2083</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FD878D71BD33A3EC" bold="true" box="[581,625,1653,1674]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">k–n.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776280C57FDB58D71BC32A3EC" authority="(FK 2130)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="2130" box="[631,880,1653,1674]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="neotropicale">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FDB58D71BC48A3EC" box="[631,778,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E. neotropicale</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FCDA8D71BC25A3EC" box="[792,871,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FK2130</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FCBE8D71BCE3A3EC" bold="true" box="[892,929,1653,1674]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">o–q</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776280C57FC6F8D71BB3CA3EC" authority="(FK 1717)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1717" box="[941,1150,1653,1674]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="smurfetti">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FC6F8D71BB55A3EC" box="[941,1047,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E smurfetti</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FBE78D71BB36A3EC" box="[1061,1140,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FK1717</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Scale: 5 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476280C56FF7F8DBDBB73A4F6" blockId="56.[136,1452,1721,2072]" lastBlockId="57.[136,1452,158,724]" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FF7F8DBDBE19A3B5" box="[189,347,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Basidiospores</emphasis>
cuboidal with an obvious hilar appendix, excluding the projections 8.7–10(–11.2) × 8.7–11.2 µm [xm = 9.51 (± 0.74) × 10.1 (± 0.65) µm, Q = 1–1.14, Qm = 1.06 (± 0.07), n = 48/4], and diagonally 10–12.5 × 11.2– 12.5 µm [xm = 11.29 (± 0.7) × 11.96 (± 0.63) µm, Q = 1–1.25, Qm = 1.06 (± 0.07), n = 48/4], thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FA948C05BAEEA27D" box="[1366,1452,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Basidia</emphasis>
clavate, 37–56 × 10–14 µm (n = 31/3), hyaline or slightly straw yellow, thin-walled, 4-sterigmate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FAC88C21BAEEA259" box="[1290,1452,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
clavate, cylindro-clavate, fusoid or mucronate, 36–76 × 5–14 µm (n = 54/4), hyaline, with straw yellow or brownish intracellular pigment, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FDD28C69BDF0A2E1" box="[528,690,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FCD38C69BCF9A2E1" box="[785,955,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Pseudocystidia</emphasis>
hyphoid, cylindrical or irregularly tortuose, sometimes branched, 2.5–5 µm diam. (n = 45/4), honey-colored or brown, refractive in ammonia solution, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FF4A8CB1BE7AA2A9" box="[136,312,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
formed by parallel, cylindrical or broadly cylindrical hyphae, 5–17(–26) µm diam. (n = 35/3), hyaline or straw yellow, thin-walled; hyphae of sub-hymenium branched.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FC998CDDBC91A295" box="[859,979,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Pileitrama</emphasis>
composed of radially arranged, cylindrical or inflated hyphae, 8.7–20 µm diam. (n = 20/2), hyaline, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676280C57FC6E8CF9BB5CAD71" box="[940,1054,2045,2071]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis or a cutis in transition to a trichoderm, prostrate hyphae, cylindrical, 5–13 µm diam. (n = 52/4), with straw yellow or honey-colored intracellular pigment, thin-walled, terminal hyphae cylindrical with a rounded apex or, sometimes, cylindro-clavate, 31–150 × 7.5–14 µm diam. (n = 35/4), with straw yellow or honey-colored intracellular pigment, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FAD78BE2BAD7A466" box="[1301,1429,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
a cutis, hyphae prostrate, 2.5–5 µm diam. (n = 10), cylindrical, with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FF4A8A2ABE66A42E" box="[136,292,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Caulocystidia</emphasis>
scattered, cylindro-clavate or clavate, 36–76 × 5–14 µm (n = 4), with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FEDB8A56BEB7A40A" box="[281,501,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Clamp connections</emphasis>
present in all tissues.
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FD3D8A56BC8CA40A" box="[767,974,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Refractive hyphae</emphasis>
pigmented, honey-colored or brown, the pigments sometimes coagulated, present in the trama of the lamellae and the pileus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476290C56FF7F8A9EBC80A4D2" blockId="57.[136,1452,158,724]" box="[189,962,410,437]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Habitat:—Solitary or gregarious in soil, in the Atlantic Forest biome.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476290C56FF7F8ABABA40A4BE" blockId="57.[136,1452,158,724]" box="[189,1282,446,473]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Distribution:—Known so far from the states of
<collectingRegion id="533A249676290C56FD108ABABCE4A4BE" box="[722,934,446,472]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="533A249676290C56FC738ABABB11A4BE" box="[945,1107,446,472]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="533A249676290C56FB488ABABBBCA4BE" box="[1162,1278,446,472]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476290C56FF7F8AE6BCAAA70E" blockId="57.[136,1452,158,724]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Additional material examined:—
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976290C56FDEC8AE6BC1BA746" collectingDate="2011-01-09" collectorName="Serra dos Orgaos National Park &amp; F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" county="Petropolis" location="Acu Trail" municipality="Orgaos National Park" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476290C56FDEC8AE6BDD4A49A" box="[558,662,482,508]" name="Brazil" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="533A249676290C56FD5D8AE6BC0BA49A" box="[671,841,482,509]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Rio De Janeiro</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="782092F876290C56FC918AE6BC85A49A" box="[851,967,482,508]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Petrópolis</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276290C56FC108AE6BA70A49A" box="[978,1330,482,511]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Serra dos
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76290C56FBFD8AE0BA70A49A" box="[1087,1330,482,511]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Órgãos National Park</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76290C56FAF98AE6BAE5A49A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76290C56FAF98AE6BAE5A49A" box="[1339,1447,482,508]" country="Brazil" county="Petropolis" municipality="Orgaos National Park" name="Acu Trail" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Açu Trail</location>
,
<date id="E540CCB476290C56FF4A8902BE79A746" box="[136,315,518,545]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2011-01-09">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76290C56FF4A8902BE79A746" box="[136,315,518,545]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2011-01-09">9 January 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FE8B8903BD30A746" box="[329,626,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276290C56FE8B8903BE85A746" box="[329,455,518,544]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK1709
</emphasis>
(SP),
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FD7D8902BC59A746" box="[703,795,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">FK1717</emphasis>
(SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976290C56FCA58902BCA7A70E" collectingDate="2008-11-14" collectingDateMax="2013-12-18" collectingDateMin="2008-11-14" collectionCode="R" collectorName="F. Karstedt &amp; M. Pires" country="Brazil" county="Santo Andre" location="Sao Luiz de Paraitinga" municipality="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">
<collectingRegion id="533A249676290C56FCA58902BC9DA746" box="[871,991,518,544]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="782092F876290C56FC2E8902BB3FA746" box="[1004,1149,518,544]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Santo André</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76290C56FB498902BFA7A723" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="E540CCB476290C56FF31892EBE91A722" box="[243,467,554,580]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2008-11-14">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76290C56FF31892EBE91A722" box="[243,467,554,580]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2008-11-14">14 November 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FE22892FBD92A722" box="[480,720,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276290C56FE22892FBD1CA722" box="[480,606,554,580]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
FK1123a
</emphasis>
(SP);
<location id="9421BCAF76290C56FCDF892EBB67A722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76290C56FCDF892EBB67A722" box="[797,1061,554,580]" country="Brazil" county="Santo Andre" municipality="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" name="Sao Luiz de Paraitinga" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">São Luiz de Paraitinga</location>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76290C56FBF1892EBA0FA722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76290C56FBF1892EBA0FA722" box="[1075,1357,554,581]" country="Brazil" county="Santo Andre" municipality="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" name="Serra do Mar State Park" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Serra do Mar State Park</location>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76290C56FA98892EBE69A70E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76290C56FA98892EBE69A70E" country="Brazil" county="Santo Andre" municipality="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" name="Nucleo Santa Virginia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Núcleo Santa Virgínia</location>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76290C56FEF4894ABEADA70E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276260C56FF4A8D16BD2AA7B2:9421BCAF76290C56FEF4894ABEADA70E" box="[310,495,590,616]" country="Brazil" county="Santo Andre" municipality="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" name="Pirapitinga Trail" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Pirapitinga Trail</location>
,
<date id="E540CCB476290C56FE39894ABD91A70E" box="[507,723,590,616]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-12-18">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76290C56FE39894ABD91A70E" box="[507,723,590,616]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-12-18">18 December 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FD1C894BBCEAA70E" box="[734,936,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectionCode id="F7EF72B176290C56FD1C894BBDB3A70E" box="[734,753,591,616]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276290C56FD36894BBC17A70E" box="[756,853,591,616]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">M. Pires</collectorName>
RP216
</emphasis>
(SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476290C56FF7F8976BD2AA7B2" blockId="57.[136,1452,158,724]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Comments:—
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776290C56FE998976BD76A7EA" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="1717" box="[347,564,626,652]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="smurfetti">
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FE998976BD76A7EA" box="[347,564,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Entoloma smurfetti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be confused in the field with
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776290C56FC148977BBC0A7EA" box="[982,1154,626,652]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="azureoviride">
<emphasis id="A38A366676290C56FC148977BBC0A7EA" box="[982,1154,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">E. azureoviride</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the latter has a pileus with a smooth surface that turns green or ochre-green and the cheilocystidia are only clavate (Horak 1976a, analysis of the
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676290C56FF7389BEBE51A7B2" box="[177,275,698,724]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in
<bibRefCitation id="F56F978576290C56FEF589BEBD1FA7B2" author="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" box="[311,605,698,724]" firstAuthor="Karstedt" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="279 - 308" refId="ref39378" refString="Karstedt, F. &amp; Capelari, M. (2013) Inocephalus (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Nova Hedwigia 96: 279 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / 0029 - 5035 / 2012 / 0055" type="journal article" year="2013">Karstedt &amp; Capelari 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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