507 lines
65 KiB
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507 lines
65 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="983F8277F641846726901E3C09E9FE9B">Intraspecific variation in Gyrodactylus mediotorus and G. crysoleucas (Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic shiners (Leuciscidae): evidence for ongoing speciation, host-switching, and parasite translocation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C20F7750E5EB0B21E396A7D1C9BF3EA">Rahmouni, Chahrazed</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EAF2A42F359F1429A58C225427C71D0F">Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D36D198A3611F17748CF240A6228D66A">Seifertová, Mária</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="875256285993CA9C81DD0AE07E378B64">Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="20A07EAE26E00D3564426F1CE684E4E9">Bean, Megan G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1B662125DC2711A050446B3597C03696">Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 5103 Junction Highway, Mountain Home, TX, 78058, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48874C7762ED99BC635B3422CB180659">Šimková, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A99E265BC0944C200FEEFDB5DC9EFD8E">Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="57E78ECFEA198C1E2D5D6534029F9091">Parasite</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="6484651CE94EFFB7D400FDE5FADBFDAD" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2C213697E94EFFB7D400FDE5FADBFDAD" blockId="7.[813,1345,564,620]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D400FDE5FB86FD8C" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[813,1144,564,589]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D400FDE5FB86FD8C" bold="true" box="[813,1144,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gyrodactylus crysoleucas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: a successfully introduced parasite in the western
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<collectingCountry id="54897607E94EFFB7D3C0FD82FADBFDAD" box="[1261,1317,595,620]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USA</collectingCountry>
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<paragraph id="2C213697E94EFFB7D478FD58FA44FA39" blockId="7.[813,1467,649,2047]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Considering the morphometric data provided by Mizelle and Kritsky [
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D4A6FD79FC5BFD7E" author="Mizelle JD & Kritsky DC" box="[907,933,680,703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="390 - 401" refId="ref13317" refString="65. Mizelle JD, Kritsky DC. 1967. Studies on monogenetic trematodes. XXXIII. New species of Gyrodactylus and a key to the North American species. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 86, 390 - 401." type="journal article" year="1967">65</bibRefCitation>
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] when describing
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D341FD76FAF6FD7E" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1132,1288,679,703]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D341FD76FAF6FD7E" box="[1132,1288,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from non-native
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D400FD16FC34FD1F" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[813,970,710,734]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D400FD16FC34FD1F" box="[813,970,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, intraspecific variability was found in which specimens collected herein from the southcentral location exhibited shorter haptoral parts, mainly the hamuli and ventral bar. Genetically, while published and newly obtained sequences of the 18S rDNA regions of
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D344FC91FAF8FC99" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1129,1286,832,856]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D344FC91FAF8FC99" box="[1129,1286,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were conserved, sequences of the
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<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E94EFFB7D4CBFC8EFBF3FCB7" box="[998,1037,863,886]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ITS</collectionCode>
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regions demonstrated weak intraspecific variability on the geographical scale. Although genetic data on
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D400FC4DFC38FC75" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[813,966,924,948]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D400FC4DFC38FC75" box="[813,966,924,948]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in western freshwaters are missing, the morphological variability between our specimens and the
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<typeStatus id="F3258835E94EFFB7D20AFC6AFAA3FC13" box="[1319,1373,955,978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">types</typeStatus>
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could be explained by phenotypic plasticity and/or local adaptation in the newly invaded host (habitat) or possibly allopatric isolation. In the Nearctic region, variability in haptoral morphology across distant localities was already documented in
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D23CFBE4FBFBFBAA" authority="Putz and Hoffman, 1963" authorityName="Putz and Hoffman" authorityYear="1963" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="atratuli">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D23CFBE4FA7DFB8C" box="[1297,1411,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. atratuli</emphasis>
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Putz and Hoffman, 1963
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</taxonomicName>
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, a species parasitizing a wide range of leuciscid fish hosts [
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D4D2FBA3FBE7FB48" author="Hanek G & Fernando CH" box="[1023,1049,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1331 - 1341" refId="ref12030" refString="35. Hanek G, Fernando CH. 1971. Monogenetic trematodes from the Bay of Quinte area, Ontario. II. Genus Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 49, 1331 - 1341." type="journal article" year="1971">35</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D30AFBA3FBBFFB48" author="Kirby JM" box="[1063,1089,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="462 - 464" refId="ref12611" refString="49. Kirby JM. 1981. Seasonal occurrence of the ectoparasite Gyrodactylus atratuli on spotfin shiners. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 110, 462 - 464." type="journal article" year="1981">49</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D362FBA3FB97FB48" author="Putz RE & Hoffman GL" box="[1103,1129,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="559 - 566" refId="ref13900" refString="79. Putz RE, Hoffman GL. 1963. Two new Gyrodactylus (Trematoda: Monogenea) from cyprinid fishes with synopsis of those found on North American fishes. Journal of Parasitology, 49, 559 - 566." type="journal article" year="1963">79</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D35AFBA3FB6FFB48" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[1143,1169,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
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]. nBLAST search recovered
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D400FB41FC3BFB69" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[813,965,1168,1192]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D400FB41FC3BFB69" box="[813,965,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D4D8FB41FB91FB69" baseAuthorityName="Yin and Sproston" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[1013,1135,1168,1192]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="salmonis">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D4D8FB41FB91FB69" box="[1013,1135,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. salmonis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
from non-native salmonids with highly conservative 18S rDNA sequences, which is in accordance with the morphotype of their haptoral parts, marked by poorly developed lateral processes of the ventral bar, a short posteriorly-tapering membrane, and marginal hooks with a downward heel and finger-like toe with a prominent shelf [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D418FA99FCB1FA9E" author="Rubio-Godoy M & Paladini G & Freeman MA & Garcia-Vasquez A & Shinn AP" box="[821,847,1352,1375]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="289 - 300" refId="ref14470" refString="92. Rubio-Godoy M, Paladini G, Freeman MA, Garcia-Vasquez A, Shinn AP. 2012. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Gyrodactylus salmonis (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) isolates collected in Mexico from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Veterinary Parasitology, 186, 289 - 300." type="journal article" year="2012">92</bibRefCitation>
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||
]. Conservative 18S rDNA sequences were reported in the recently described
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D32BFAB7FC2FFA5D" authority="Rahmouni, Seifertova and Simkova, 2023" authorityName="Rahmouni, Seifertova and Simkova" authorityYear="2023" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hanseni">
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||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D32BFAB7FB7CFABF" box="[1030,1154,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. hanseni</emphasis>
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Rahmouni, Seifertová and Šimková, 2023
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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parasitizing both the striped shiner
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D242FA54FB78FA7A" authority="Rafinesque, 1820" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Luxilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysocephalus">
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||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D242FA54FC32FA7A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Luxilus chrysocephalus</emphasis>
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||
Rafinesque, 1820
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, and the creek chub,
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D27AFA72FB7EFA18" authority="(Mitchill, 1818)" baseAuthorityName="Mitchill" baseAuthorityYear="1818" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Semotilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atromaculatus">
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||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D27AFA72FC3CFA1B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Semotilus atromaculatus</emphasis>
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(Mitchill, 1818)
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</taxonomicName>
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, and in other
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D21DFA13FC89FA39" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D21DFA13FA44FA1B" box="[1328,1466,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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from native leuciscids and cultured salmonids [
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D244FA30FA7DFA39" author="Gilmore SR & Cone DK & Lowe G & King SK & Jones SRM & Abbott CL" box="[1385,1411,1505,1528]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="776 - 786" refId="ref11925" refString="33. Gilmore SR, Cone DK, Lowe G, King SK, Jones SRM, Abbott CL. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of Gyrodactylus (Monogenea) parasitizing fishes in fresh water, estuarine, and marine habitats in Canada. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 90, 776 - 786." type="journal article" year="2012">33</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D2BCFA30FA55FA39" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[1425,1451,1505,1528]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E94EFFB8D478FA2EFA42F96F" blockId="7.[813,1467,649,2047]" lastBlockId="8.[813,1468,1504,2046]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The present study adds two shiner species to the known hosts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D4A7F9CCFBDBF9F4" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[906,1061,1565,1589]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D4A7F9CCFBDBF9F4" box="[906,1061,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
across the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E94EFFB7D38CF9CFFB26F9F4" box="[1185,1240,1566,1589]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D3C8F9CFFA81F9F4" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1253,1407,1565,1589]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D3C8F9CFFA81F9F4" box="[1253,1407,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D400F9ECFC6AF995" box="[813,916,1597,1620]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D485F9ECFC3CF995" author="Mizelle JD & Kritsky DC" box="[936,962,1597,1620]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="390 - 401" refId="ref13317" refString="65. Mizelle JD, Kritsky DC. 1967. Studies on monogenetic trematodes. XXXIII. New species of Gyrodactylus and a key to the North American species. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 86, 390 - 401." type="journal article" year="1967">65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D324F9ECFB88F995" box="[1033,1142,1597,1620]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D3A7F9ECFB5AF995" author="Leis E & King S & Leis S & Cone D." box="[1162,1188,1597,1620]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="105 - 110" refId="ref12900" refString="55. Leis E, King S, Leis S, Cone D. 2016. Infections of Gyrodactylus crysoleucas and Gyrodactylus sp. (Monogenea) at a golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) farm in Minnesota. Comparative Parasitology, 83, 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="2016">55</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D3DCF9EDFA9AF995" ID-CoL="33HJK" box="[1265,1380,1596,1620]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D3DCF9EDFA9AF995" box="[1265,1380,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
studied herein from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D49BF98AFC09F9B3" box="[950,1015,1627,1650]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
. This study presents, thus, new host and locality records for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D325F9A8FB58F950" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1032,1190,1657,1681]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D325F9A8FB58F950" box="[1032,1190,1657,1681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. To understand the geographical range of distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D3A8F949FAE3F971" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1157,1309,1688,1712]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D3A8F949FAE3F971" box="[1157,1309,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is necessary to track the historical origin of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D347F966FAFFF90F" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1130,1281,1718,1742]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D347F966FAFFF90F" box="[1130,1281,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D21EF967FA5EF90F" ID-CoL="33HJK" box="[1331,1440,1718,1742]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D21EF967FA5EF90F" box="[1331,1440,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the collected areas. According to the
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E94EFFB7D381F904FB10F92D" box="[1196,1262,1749,1772]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3n47-ewde" name="U.S. Geological Survey" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USGS</collectionCode>
|
||
database [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D270F904FA89F92D" author="Nico L & Neilson ME" box="[1373,1399,1749,1772]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref13567" refString="71. Nico L, Neilson ME. 2023. Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill, 1814): U. S. Geological Survey. Gainesville, FL: Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Available at https: // nas. er. usgs. gov / queries / factsheet. aspx? SpeciesID = 579 (access date: 10 / 01 / 2023)." type="url" year="2023">71</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D400F925FC36F8CA" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[813,968,1779,1803]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D400F925FC36F8CA" box="[813,968,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D32FF922FB8DF8CA" ID-CoL="33HJK" box="[1026,1139,1779,1803]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D32FF922FB8DF8CA" box="[1026,1139,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are naturally present in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D250F925FA44F8CA" box="[1405,1466,1780,1803]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D477F8C3FC37F8E8" box="[858,969,1810,1833]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
, but not in the western part of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E94EFFB7D21DF8C3FA99F8E8" box="[1328,1383,1810,1833]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, including
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D47BF8E0FC3FF889" box="[854,961,1841,1864]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
. In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D365F8E0FB1FF889" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1096,1249,1840,1864]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D365F8E0FB1FF889" box="[1096,1249,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was previously (late 1890s) distributed to multiple water bodies in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D233F881FA7BF8A6" box="[1310,1413,1872,1895]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
as a major bait and forage fish species by the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D235F8BFFA81F844" box="[1304,1407,1902,1925]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Fish Commission [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D4EDF85CFC24F865" author="Dill WA & Cordone AJ" box="[960,986,1933,1956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref11628" refString="26. Dill WA, Cordone AJ. 1997. History and Status of Introduced Fishes in California, 1871 - 1996, Bulletin 178. California Department of Fish and Game." type="journal volume" year="1997">26</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] and, since then, it has quickly spread in the western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E94EFFB7D4BFF87AFC38F803" box="[914,966,1963,1986]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D4C9F87AFC00F803" author="Swift CC & Haglund TR & Ruiz M & Fisher RN" box="[996,1022,1963,1986]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref14707" refString="98. Swift CC, Haglund TR, Ruiz M, Fisher RN. 1993. The status and distribution of the freshwater fishes of southern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 92, 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1993">98</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. This is similar to the red shiner
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E94EFFB7D400F818FAF9F820" ID-CoL="33HHW" authority="(Baird and Girard, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Baird and Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[813,1287,1993,2017]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E94EFFB7D400F818FC04F820" box="[813,1018,1993,2017]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cyprinella lutrensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Baird and Girard, 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, native to central North America west of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E94EFFB7D365F839FB42F83E" box="[1096,1212,2024,2047]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||
River drainage [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D247F839FA7AF83E" author="Froese R & Pauly D." box="[1386,1412,2024,2047]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref11785" refString="30. Froese R, Pauly D. 2023. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. https: // www. fishbase. org (access date: 10 / 10 / 2023)." type="url" year="2023">30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E94EFFB7D2BFF839FA52F83E" author="Page LM & Burr BM" box="[1426,1452,2024,2047]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref13716" refString="74. Page LM, Burr BM. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America North of Mexico, 2 nd edn. USA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt." type="book" year="2011">74</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], which was successfully introduced into California’ s inland waters [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D7E6FA2EFF1BF9D7" author="Moyle PB" box="[203,229,1535,1558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="101 - 118" refId="ref13407" refString="67. Moyle PB. 1976. Fish introductions in California: history and impact on native fishes. Biological Conservation, 9, 101 - 118." type="journal article" year="1976">67</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. According to Moyle [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D6D3FA2EFDE6F9D7" author="Moyle PB" box="[510,536,1535,1558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="101 - 118" refId="ref13407" refString="67. Moyle PB. 1976. Fish introductions in California: history and impact on native fishes. Biological Conservation, 9, 101 - 118." type="journal article" year="1976">67</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], the golden shiner,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D75CF9CCFEF6F9F4" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[113,264,1565,1589]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D75CF9CCFEF6F9F4" box="[113,264,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was introduced to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E941FFB8D6F8F9CCFDC2F9F5" box="[469,572,1565,1588]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
from more eastern watersheds, which makes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D6BEF9EAFDCDF992" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[403,563,1595,1619]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D6BEF9EAFDCDF992" box="[403,563,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
first described by Mizelle and Kritsky [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D64BF98BFE7EF9B0" author="Mizelle JD & Kritsky DC" box="[358,384,1626,1649]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="390 - 401" refId="ref13317" refString="65. Mizelle JD, Kritsky DC. 1967. Studies on monogenetic trematodes. XXXIII. New species of Gyrodactylus and a key to the North American species. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 86, 390 - 401." type="journal article" year="1967">65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D6F5F98BFD86F9B3" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[472,632,1626,1650]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D6F5F98BFD86F9B3" box="[472,632,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sampled in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E941FFB8D75CF9A8FF26F951" box="[113,216,1657,1680]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
an alien parasite in the western part of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E941FFB8D5E8F9A8FD02F951" box="[709,764,1657,1680]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, co-introduced with golden shiner hosts. This scenario is supported by the fact that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D674F964FE0CF90C" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[345,498,1717,1741]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D674F964FE0CF90C" box="[345,498,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found herein on wild
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D75CF905FF1FF92D" ID-CoL="33HJK" box="[113,225,1748,1772]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D75CF905FF1FF92D" box="[113,225,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
native to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E941FFB8D662F905FE73F92A" box="[335,397,1748,1771]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
and previously on cultured golden shiners in the far North in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E941FFB8D6AFF922FE10F8CB" box="[386,494,1779,1802]" country="United States of America" name="Minnesota" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Minnesota</collectingRegion>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D6D0F922FDE9F8CB" author="Leis E & King S & Leis S & Cone D." box="[509,535,1779,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="105 - 110" refId="ref12900" refString="55. Leis E, King S, Leis S, Cone D. 2016. Infections of Gyrodactylus crysoleucas and Gyrodactylus sp. (Monogenea) at a golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) farm in Minnesota. Comparative Parasitology, 83, 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="2016">55</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], where they are often harvested from wild sources, which makes the possibility that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D75CF8FEFEF1F886" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[113,271,1839,1863]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D75CF8FEFEF1F886" box="[113,271,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is of western origin less likely. Nevertheless, this statement requires further investigation since the native parasite fauna in freshwater fish is still underexplored in this region. From native
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D65EF85AFE07F862" ID-CoL="33HHW" baseAuthorityName="Baird and Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[371,505,1931,1955]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D65EF85AFE07F862" box="[371,505,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. lutrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Midwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E941FFB8D5E6F85DFD01F862" box="[715,767,1932,1955]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E941FFB8D755F87BFF20F800" box="[120,222,1962,1985]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
|
||
), a single species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D682F87BFD02F800" ID-CoL="3HYZS" authority="Mayes, 1977" authorityName="Mayes" authorityYear="1977" box="[431,764,1962,1986]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="callawayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D682F87BFD9DF803" box="[431,611,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. callawayensis</emphasis>
|
||
Mayes, 1977
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was described [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D609F818FEC0F821" author="Mayes MA" box="[292,318,1993,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="805 - 809" refId="ref13205" refString="62. Mayes MA. 1977. New species of Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus (Trematoda: Monogenea) from fishes of Nebraska. Journal of Parasitology, 63, 805 - 809." type="journal article" year="1977">62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. This was interestingly reminiscent of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D75CF836FEEEF83E" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[113,272,2023,2047]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D75CF836FEEEF83E" box="[113,272,2023,2047]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
regarding the morphotype of the ventral bar characterized by poorly developed lateral processes and a short, posteriorly tapering membrane. The twisted anterior part (tips) to the hamuli is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D364F9CCFAFEF9F4" ID-CoL="3HYZS" authorityName="Mayes" authorityYear="1977" box="[1097,1280,1565,1589]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="callawayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D364F9CCFAFEF9F4" box="[1097,1280,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. callawayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D23AF9CCFACFF9F5" author="Mayes MA" box="[1303,1329,1565,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="805 - 809" refId="ref13205" refString="62. Mayes MA. 1977. New species of Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus (Trematoda: Monogenea) from fishes of Nebraska. Journal of Parasitology, 63, 805 - 809." type="journal article" year="1977">62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] but not in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D400F9EAFC34F992" ID-CoL="3HZ2Y" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[813,970,1595,1619]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D400F9EAFC34F992" box="[813,970,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which discriminates these two species. Since
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D400F98BFC5AF9B3" ID-CoL="33HHW" baseAuthorityName="Baird and Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[813,932,1626,1650]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D400F98BFC5AF9B3" box="[813,932,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. lutrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is non-native in western inland waters, it would be worthwhile to investigate whether the red shiner has co-introduced its native gyrodactylids to Californian freshwaters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="78E1661FE941FFB8D75CFAEEFDDAFA4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12524603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12524603/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[113,180,1343,1364]" targetBox="[223,1351,240,1317]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E941FFB8D75CFAEEFDDAFA4D" blockId="8.[113,1467,1343,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D75CFAEEFF32FA95" bold="true" box="[113,204,1343,1364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian inference (BI) phylogram of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D568FAEEFD0DFA95" box="[581,755,1343,1365]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D568FAEEFD3BFA94" box="[581,709,1343,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
parasitizing Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D4ECFAEEFBB5FA95" box="[961,1099,1343,1364]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Cypriniformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on sequences of the ITS regions (927 bp). Values above branches indicate posterior probabilities (PP) from BI analyses and bootstrap support (BS) from ML. Values below 0.80 (BI) and 70 (ML) are shown as dashes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E941FFB9D478F967FE52FBC0" blockId="8.[813,1468,1504,2046]" lastBlockId="9.[113,768,239,1025]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Only a single parasite species, namely,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D221F964FA4AF90C" authorityName="Wellborn and Rogers" authorityYear="1967" box="[1292,1460,1717,1741]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="baeacanthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D221F964FA4AF90C" box="[1292,1460,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. baeacanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was formally described from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D345F905FB26F92D" box="[1128,1240,1748,1772]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D345F905FB26F92D" box="[1128,1240,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D3C6F905FAECF92A" author="Wellborn TL & Rogers WA" box="[1259,1298,1748,1771]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 14" refId="ref14895" refString="103. Wellborn TL, Rogers WA. 1967. Five new species of Gyrodactylus (Trematoda: Monogenea) from the southeastern US. Journal of Parasitology, 53, 10 - 14." type="journal article" year="1967">103</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], whereas Rahmouni
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D457F922FC4CF8CB" box="[890,946,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D4E9F922FC20F8CB" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[964,990,1779,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] recently reported the presence of an undescribed species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D4D9F8C0FB4CF8E9" box="[1012,1202,1809,1833]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D4D9F8C0FB80F8E8" box="[1012,1150,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D3FEF8C0FAAEF8E8" box="[1235,1360,1809,1833]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D3FEF8C0FAAEF8E8" box="[1235,1360,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, highly reminiscent of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D4E1F8FEFB9CF886" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[972,1122,1839,1863]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D4E1F8FEFB9CF886" box="[972,1122,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
isolated herein from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D267F8FEFA44F886" box="[1354,1466,1839,1863]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D267F8FEFA44F886" box="[1354,1466,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but also from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D493F89EFB90F8A7" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[958,1134,1871,1894]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stramineus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D493F89EFC29F8A7" box="[958,983,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D4D3F89EFB90F8A7" box="[1022,1134,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">stramineus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E941FFB8D350F89EFB10F8A7" box="[1149,1262,1871,1894]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
River) (see below). In contrast, two species were recognized on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D230F8BCFA45F844" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[1309,1467,1901,1925]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D230F8BCFA45F844" box="[1309,1467,1901,1925]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
additionally to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D4E2F85AFB92F862" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[975,1132,1931,1955]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D4E2F85AFB92F862" box="[975,1132,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D353F85DFB66F862" author="Leis E & King S & Leis S & Cone D." box="[1150,1176,1932,1955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="105 - 110" refId="ref12900" refString="55. Leis E, King S, Leis S, Cone D. 2016. Infections of Gyrodactylus crysoleucas and Gyrodactylus sp. (Monogenea) at a golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) farm in Minnesota. Comparative Parasitology, 83, 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="2016">55</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D384F85DFB3DF862" author="Mizelle JD & Kritsky DC" box="[1193,1219,1932,1955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="390 - 401" refId="ref13317" refString="65. Mizelle JD, Kritsky DC. 1967. Studies on monogenetic trematodes. XXXIII. New species of Gyrodactylus and a key to the North American species. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 86, 390 - 401." type="journal article" year="1967">65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; they are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D210F85AFBA9F800" authority="Price and McMahon, 1967" authorityName="Price and McMahon" authorityYear="1967" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rachelae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D210F85AFA45F862" box="[1341,1467,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. rachelae</emphasis>
|
||
Price and McMahon, 1967
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the southeast (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E941FFB8D26BF87BFA4DF800" box="[1350,1459,1962,1985]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||
) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D418F818FCB1F821" author="Price CE & McMahon TE" box="[821,847,1993,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="177 - 220" refId="ref13804" refString="76. Price CE, McMahon TE. 1967. The monogenetic trematodes of North American freshwater fishes. Rivista di Parassitologia, 28, 177 - 220." type="journal article" year="1967">76</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E941FFB8D4BCF819FAD5F821" authority="Mizelle and Kritsky, 1967" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[913,1323,1992,2016]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E941FFB8D4BCF819FBEAF821" box="[913,1044,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
Mizelle and Kritsky, 1967
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from western [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E941FFB8D418F836FCB1F83F" author="Mizelle JD & Kritsky DC" box="[821,847,2023,2046]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="390 - 401" refId="ref13317" refString="65. Mizelle JD, Kritsky DC. 1967. Studies on monogenetic trematodes. XXXIII. New species of Gyrodactylus and a key to the North American species. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 86, 390 - 401." type="journal article" year="1967">65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], northeast, and southcentral
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E941FFB8D356F836FB4FF83F" box="[1147,1201,2023,2046]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as well as from northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D75CFF3EFF41FEC7" box="[113,191,239,262]" name="Canada" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D7FDFF3EFF14FEC7" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[208,234,239,262]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Interestingly, previous [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6D1FF3EFDDDFEC7" author="Wellborn TL & Rogers WA" box="[508,547,239,262]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="10 - 14" refId="ref14895" refString="103. Wellborn TL, Rogers WA. 1967. Five new species of Gyrodactylus (Trematoda: Monogenea) from the southeastern US. Journal of Parasitology, 53, 10 - 14." type="journal article" year="1967">103</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] and current records of gyrodactylids from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D645FEDCFE24FEE5" box="[360,474,269,293]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D645FEDCFE24FEE5" box="[360,474,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were made from southern populations occurring in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D6A1FEFDFE1FFE82" box="[396,481,300,323]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D6D9FEFDFDADFE82" box="[500,595,300,323]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D5B7FEFDFD01FE82" box="[666,767,300,323]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
watersheds and in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D611FE9BFE82FEA0" box="[316,380,330,353]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
, all representing the native distributional range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D63EFEB9FE7FFE41" box="[275,385,360,384]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D63EFEB9FE7FFE41" box="[275,385,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6BFFEB8FE52FE41" author="Froese R & Pauly D." box="[402,428,361,384]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref11785" refString="30. Froese R, Pauly D. 2023. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. https: // www. fishbase. org (access date: 10 / 10 / 2023)." type="url" year="2023">30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D696FEB8FE2BFE41" author="Nico L & Fuller P." box="[443,469,361,384]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref13502" refString="70. Nico L, Fuller P. 2023. Cyprinella venusta Girard, 1856: U. S, Geological Survey. Gainesville, FL: Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Available at https: // nas. er. usgs. gov / queries / FactSheet. aspx? speciesID = 521 (access date: 11 / 01 / 2023)." type="url" year="2023">70</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6C9FEB8FE00FE41" author="Page LM & Burr BM" box="[484,510,361,384]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref13716" refString="74. Page LM, Burr BM. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America North of Mexico, 2 nd edn. USA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt." type="book" year="2011">74</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. In this study, morphological and genetic characterizations indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D5A2FE56FD01FE5E" box="[655,767,391,415]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D5A2FE56FD01FE5E" box="[655,767,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hosted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D7EAFE74FE95FE7C" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[199,363,421,445]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D7EAFE74FE95FE7C" box="[199,363,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D524FE74FD49FE7C" authorityName="Wellborn and Rogers" authorityYear="1967" box="[521,695,421,445]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="baeacanthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D524FE74FD49FE7C" box="[521,695,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. baeacanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two hypotheses may explain this pattern. The first one is that southcentral
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D7EDFE33FECEFE3B" box="[192,304,482,506]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D7EDFE33FECEFE3B" box="[192,304,482,506]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a native host of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D52BFE33FD5FFE3B" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[518,673,482,506]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D52BFE33FD5FFE3B" box="[518,673,482,506]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, making further widescale parasitological investigations of shiner hosts necessary to identify the gyrodactylid fauna in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D576FDF1FD62FDF6" box="[603,668,544,567]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The second hypothesis is that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D678FDEFFE10FD97" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[341,494,574,598]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D678FDEFFE10FD97" box="[341,494,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is native to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D544FDEEFCFEFD97" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[617,768,574,598]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D544FDEEFCFEFD97" box="[617,768,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and infected a non-congeneric host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D6C1FD8CFDA4FDB5" box="[492,602,605,629]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D6C1FD8CFDA4FDB5" box="[492,602,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this case, by host-switching in overlapped habitats. Host-switching scenarios are common in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D606FD4BFE4BFD73" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[299,437,666,690]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D606FD4BFE4BFD73" box="[299,437,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as one major mechanism of speciation [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D7C0FD68FEF9FD11" author="Ondrackova M." box="[237,263,697,720]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="3153 - 3162" refId="ref13634" refString="72. Ondrackova M. 2016. Gyrodactylus proterorhini in its non-native range: distribution and ability to host-switch in freshwaters. Parasitology Research, 115, 3153 - 3162." type="journal article" year="2016">72</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D634FD68FEBEFD11" author="Lumme J." box="[281,320,697,720]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="39 - 52" refId="ref15247" refString="111. Ziȩtara MS, Lumme J. 2003. The crossroads of molecular, typological and biological species concepts: two new species of Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae). Systematic Parasitology, 55, 39 - 52." type="journal article" year="2003">111</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] and have been documented in Nearctic freshwaters [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D7D7FD06FEEAFD2F" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[250,276,727,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Further sampling of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D522FD09FD52FD2E" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[527,684,727,751]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D522FD09FD52FD2E" box="[527,684,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the investigation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D60DFD24FE54FCCC" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[288,426,757,781]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D60DFD24FE54FCCC" box="[288,426,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D6F8FD27FDECFCCC" box="[469,530,758,781]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
as well as across the whole range of its current distribution would provide more support for this hypothesis. Further, the natural host-switching of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D7BDFC80FEE4FCA8" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[144,282,849,873]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D7BDFC80FEE4FCA8" box="[144,282,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to be favorable under conditions of high parasite abundance and population growth [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D542FCA1FD77FC46" author="Mo TA" box="[623,649,880,903]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1025 - 1029" refId="ref13360" refString="66. Mo TA. 1997. Seasonal occurrence of Gyrodactylus derjavini (Monogenea) on brown trout, Salmo trutta, and Atlantic salmon, S. salar, in the Sandvikselva river, Norway. Journal of Parasitology, 83, 1025 - 1029." type="journal article" year="1997">66</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] or continuous transmission ability [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6A9FC5EFE6FFC67" author="Boeger WA & Kritsky DC & Pie MR & Engers KB" box="[388,401,911,934]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1000 - 1007" refId="ref10700" refString="4. Boeger WA, Kritsky DC, Pie MR, Engers KB. 2005. Mode of transmission, host switching, and escape from the Red Queen by viviparous gyrodactylids (Monogenoidea). Journal of Parasitology, 91, 1000 - 1007." type="journal article" year="2005">4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. More specific information on the infection rates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D605FC7CFE3CFC04" authorityName="Mizelle and Kritsky" authorityYear="1967" box="[296,450,941,965]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crysoleucas">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D605FC7CFE3CFC04" box="[296,450,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. crysoleucas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and on the population density of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D7BEFC1AFEF8FC22" box="[147,262,971,995]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D7BEFC1AFEF8FC22" box="[147,262,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would provide support for the host-switching scenario in southcentral
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D65DFC3BFE59FBC0" box="[368,423,1002,1025]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |