151 lines
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151 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" ID-PMC="PMC6033956" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-102-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" ID-PubMed="30002597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1306325" ModsDocID="1314-2003-102-1" checkinTime="1530324112772" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="DeFilipps, Robert A. & Krupnick, Gary A." docDate="2018" docId="B7082187C6406261F48EEFD9EA02C92A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 102: 1-341" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 102" docPubDate="2018-06-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" docTitle="Arundo donax L." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" lastPageNumber="141" masterDocId="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" masterDocTitle="The medicinal plants of Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="341" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="140" updateTime="1668138950833" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The medicinal plants of Myanmar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>DeFilipps, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Deceased</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Krupnick, Gary A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">krupnick@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-06-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>102</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>341</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-102-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1306325</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150768714" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B7082187C6406261F48EEFD9EA02C92A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B7082187C6406261F48EEFD9EA02C92A" lastPageId="140" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<subSubSection pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<taxonomicName LSID="B7082187-C640-6261-F48E-EFD9EA02C92A" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Arundo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arundo donax" order="Poales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="donax">Arundo donax L.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="names">
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<paragraph pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Myanmar</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">alo-kyu</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">kyu</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">kyu-ma</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">mai-aw-awn</emphasis>
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(Shan),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">maiaw</emphasis>
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(Kachin).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">English</emphasis>
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: giant reed, nana cane, Spanish cane, switch cane.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="range">
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="140" pageNumber="141" start="start">Range</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Mediterranean region; also in tropical America. In Myanmar, found growing naturally all over up to 1 km altitude, most common in Bhamaw, Katha, Pyin-oo-lwin and Thayet areas.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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Least Concern [LC] (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" refId="B117" refString="IUCN, 2017. IUCN Red List of threatened species. IUCN, Gland. http://www.iucnredlist.org/" title="IUCN Red List of threatened species. IUCN, Gland." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" year="2017">IUCN 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="uses">
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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With cooling properties, as well as bitter, sweet and astringent tastes, this plant facilitates digestion, clears phlegm, repels bile, purifies blood, and diminishes
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“heat”">"heat"</normalizedToken>
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. It relieves aches and pains in the heart, bladder and uterus, in addition to curing herpes, stimulating appetite, increasing sperm, purifying urine and strengthening breathing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Leaf</emphasis>
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: When dried can be brewed with tea leaves and taken to stimulate appetite, promote virility, stop vomiting, remedy passing of blood, and relieve muscle aches, pains and stiffness.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Root</emphasis>
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: Used as diuretic, for urine purification, gonorrhea, itchy skin, and menstrual flow stimulation; the root mass is boiled in water, and the resulting liquid is ingested. Adding the powder of the tiger cowry (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Cypraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cypraea tigris" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tigris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Cypraea tigris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) to the liquid in which the root mass has been boiled and ingesting the mixture used to treat women for the red or white discharges of gonorrhea. Because this plant promotes urination, it is an ingredient in many diuretics. A mixture containing ten parts of the root mass, five parts tiger cowry, two parts rock salt, five parts
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">hsin-hnamaung</emphasis>
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliotropium indicum" order="Boraginales" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indicum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Heliotropium indicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tournefortia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tournefortia roxburghii" order="Lamiales" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="roxburghii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Tournefortia roxburghii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and one part sting ray is made into balls the size of betel (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper betle" order="Piperales" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betle">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Piper betle</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) nuts, and dried in the sun as a treatment for kidney stones, bladder or urination pain, blood in the urine, incomplete urination in males, and dysentery in females. The mixture is taken once in the morning and once at night for symptom relief and to promote health.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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The medicinal uses of this species in India are discussed in
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<bibRefCitation author="Jain, SK" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="B50" refString="Jain, SK, DeFilipps, RA, 1991. Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." title="Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." year="1991">Jain and DeFilipps (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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. In Indo-China the rhizome serves as a lactifuge (
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<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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A reported chemical constituent of the species is the alkaloid gramine (donaxine). Research has indicated that this alkaloid causes weak parasympathomimetic action (
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<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="references">
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">References.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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<bibRefCitation author="Nordal, A" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B85" refString="Nordal, A, 1963. The Medicinal Plants and Crude Drugs of Burma. Hellstrom & Nordahls Boktrykkeri, Oslo." title="The Medicinal Plants and Crude Drugs of Burma. Hellstrom & Nordahls Boktrykkeri, Oslo." year="1963">Nordal (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Agricultural Corporation" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refId="B3" refString="Agricultural Corporation, 1980. Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" title="Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" year="1980">Agricultural Corporation (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Forest Department" journalOrPublisher="ARS Pharmaceutica" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="B37" refString="Forest Department, 1999. Medicinal Plants of Popa Mountain Park. Ministry of Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar." title="Medicinal Plants of Popa Mountain Park. Ministry of Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar." year="1999">Forest Department (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |