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155 lines
17 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a22" ID-GBIF-Dataset="99b2432e-c149-4b82-a584-4b33d116d198" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447648" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07001ACA-EBDE-4256-BCB9-55E3159F81DC" checkinTime="1610990288905" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lapparent, France de, Bailon, Salvador, Augé, Marc Louis & Rage, Jean-Claude" docDate="2020" docId="CB2D87E12E32FFC7FBCA47F2FEF3FA88" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.42.22.409-426.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 42 (22)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.3:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Discoglossinae Gunther 1858" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="3714FF992E31FFC3FFC24100FFFBFFC6" masterDocTitle="Amphibians and reptiles from the Neogene of Afghanistan" masterLastPageNumber="426" masterPageNumber="409" pageNumber="410" updateTime="1636461323990" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Amphibians and reptiles from the Neogene of Afghanistan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lapparent, France de</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bailon, Salvador</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Augé, Marc Louis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rage, Jean-Claude</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-09-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>42</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>409</mods:start>
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<mods:end>426</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">99b2432e-c149-4b82-a584-4b33d116d198</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4447648</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07001ACA-EBDE-4256-BCB9-55E3159F81DC</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4488510" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177202479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4488510" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CB2D87E12E32FFC7FBCA47F2FEF3FA88" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB2D87E12E32FFC7FBCA47F2FEF3FA88" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1032,1236,1778,1836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<taxonomicName authority="Gunther, 1858" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1858" box="[1032,1236,1778,1804]" class="Amphibia" family="Discoglossidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Discoglossinae">? Gen. et sp. indet.</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[1060,1146,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,915,932]" captionTargetBox="[379,1204,220,874]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[378,1209,198,878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — Anura. Sherullah, late Miocene, photos, A-D: A,? Discoglossinae (? Alytidae), right humerus AFG 1650, ventral view; B-D, “Ranidae”, B, right humerus AFG 1653, ventral view; C, right coracoid AFG 1652, inner face; D, right ilium AFG 1655, lateral view; Hadji Rona, early Pliocene; E, Anura indet. sp. C, sacral vertebra AFG 1680, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447650/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation box="[1157,1170,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1818,1835]" captionTargetBox="[390,1198,1016,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-177@6.[378,1210,1011,1783]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Anura. Sherullah, late Miocene, drawings, A-F: A, B,? Discoglossinae (? Alytidae); A, right humerus AFG 1650, ventral view; B, presacral vertebra AFG 1651, dorsal (B1) and ventral (B2) views; C-E, “Ranidae”; C, right humerus AFG 1653, ventral view; D, right ilium AFG 1655, lateral view; E, right coracoid AFG 1652, inner face. Hadji Rona, early Pliocene, F, Anura indet. sp. C, sacral vertebra AFG 1680, ventral view. Scale bars: 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">2</figureCitation>
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AB)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[811,1455,1871,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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LOCALITY AND AGE. — Sherullah 9, Khordkabul basin,
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<collectingCountry box="[1333,1451,1871,1895]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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, late Miocene, Late Vallesian-basal Turolian transition. MN10/11.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[812,1455,1950,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028142312" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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One fragmentary humerus (AFG 1650), 1 incomplete vertebra (AFG 1651). This material was mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation author="ROCEK Z. & RAGE J. - C." box="[843,1060,2003,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" pagination="1332 - 1387" refId="ref17101" refString="ROCEK Z. & RAGE J. - C. 2000. - Tertiary Anura of Europe, Africa, Asia, North America and Australia, in HEATWOLE H. & CARROLL R. L. (eds), Amphibian Biology. Vol. 4. Surrey Beatty, Chipping Norton: 1332 - 1387." type="book chapter" year="2000">Roček & Rage (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="411" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[130,777,216,784]" box="[132,277,216,242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[130,777,216,784]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
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The humerus is represented by a distal extremity which comprises the humeral ball, ulnar epicondyle and a short part of the diaphysis (
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<figureCitation box="[281,362,311,337]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,915,932]" captionTargetBox="[379,1204,220,874]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[378,1209,198,878]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — Anura. Sherullah, late Miocene, photos, A-D: A,? Discoglossinae (? Alytidae), right humerus AFG 1650, ventral view; B-D, “Ranidae”, B, right humerus AFG 1653, ventral view; C, right coracoid AFG 1652, inner face; D, right ilium AFG 1655, lateral view; Hadji Rona, early Pliocene; E, Anura indet. sp. C, sacral vertebra AFG 1680, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447650/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation box="[371,406,311,337]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1818,1835]" captionTargetBox="[390,1198,1016,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-177@6.[378,1210,1011,1783]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Anura. Sherullah, late Miocene, drawings, A-F: A, B,? Discoglossinae (? Alytidae); A, right humerus AFG 1650, ventral view; B, presacral vertebra AFG 1651, dorsal (B1) and ventral (B2) views; C-E, “Ranidae”; C, right humerus AFG 1653, ventral view; D, right ilium AFG 1655, lateral view; E, right coracoid AFG 1652, inner face. Hadji Rona, early Pliocene, F, Anura indet. sp. C, sacral vertebra AFG 1680, ventral view. Scale bars: 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447652/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">2A</figureCitation>
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). The condyle is large and spherical. The cubital fossa is poorly limited laterally.The well-developed ulnar crest extends laterally; it is not deflected dorsally. It was likely short anteroposteriorly. The ulnar epicondyle is large whereas the radial epicondyle is damaged. A small radial crest slightly deflected ventrally is present. Because of the large size of the condyle and ulnar epicondyle, the distal extremity is widened transversely; moreover, it appears to be somewhat flattened dorsoventrally. Such a morphology recalls that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[134,223,598,624]" class="Amphibia" family="Alytidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Alytidae</taxonomicName>
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of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1858" box="[298,442,598,624]" class="Amphibia" family="Discoglossidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Discoglossinae">
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<emphasis box="[298,442,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Discoglossinae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subfamily.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[130,777,216,784]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
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The vertebra is a presacral one (
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<figureCitation box="[476,555,630,656]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1818,1835]" captionTargetBox="[390,1198,1016,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-177@6.[378,1210,1011,1783]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Anura. Sherullah, late Miocene, drawings, A-F: A, B,? Discoglossinae (? Alytidae); A, right humerus AFG 1650, ventral view; B, presacral vertebra AFG 1651, dorsal (B1) and ventral (B2) views; C-E, “Ranidae”; C, right humerus AFG 1653, ventral view; D, right ilium AFG 1655, lateral view; E, right coracoid AFG 1652, inner face. Hadji Rona, early Pliocene, F, Anura indet. sp. C, sacral vertebra AFG 1680, ventral view. Scale bars: 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4447652/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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). The anterior part of the centrum is damaged and covered by matrix. The vertebra is apparently opisthocoelous but this cannot be definitely confirmed. If it is really opisthoceoelous, then it probably belongs to the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[197,289,757,783]" class="Amphibia" family="Alytidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Alytidae</taxonomicName>
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. Its size is consistent with that of the humerus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="411" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[130,775,821,1358]" box="[132,260,821,847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">COMMENTS</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[130,775,821,1358]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
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The referral of these two specimens to the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[563,650,853,879]" class="Amphibia" family="Alytidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Alytidae</taxonomicName>
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is doubtful. It is based only on the overall morphology of an incomplete humerus and on a vertebra the main characteristic of which (opisthocoely) is not certain. The
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[488,577,949,975]" class="Amphibia" family="Alytidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Alytidae</taxonomicName>
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is a primitive family whose earliest representative was recovered from the middle Jurassic of
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<collectingCountry box="[293,384,1012,1038]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">England</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="EVANS S. E. & MILNER A. R. & MUSSETT F." box="[401,590,1012,1039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" pagination="299 - 311" refId="ref13946" refString="EVANS S. E., MILNER A. R. & MUSSETT F. 1990. - A discoglossid frog (Amphibia: Anura) from the middle Jurassic of England. Palaeontology 33: 299 - 311." type="journal article" year="1990">
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Evans
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<emphasis box="[472,525,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">et al.</emphasis>
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1990
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Today they are known in Europe, west Asia, and northernmost Africa (
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<bibRefCitation author="FROST D. R. & GRANT T. & FAIVOVICH J. & BAIN R. H. & HAAS A. & HADDAD C. F. B. & DE SA R. O. & CHANNING A. & WILKINSON M. & DONNELLAN S. C. & RAXWORTHY C. J. & CAMPBELL J. A. & BLOTTO B. L. & MOLER P. & DREWES R. C. & NUSSBAUM R. A. & LYNCH J. D. & GREEN D. M. & WHEELER W. C." pageId="4" pageNumber="411" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref14131" refString="FROST D. R., GRANT T., FAIVOVICH J., BAIN R. H., HAAS A., HADDAD C. F. B., DE SA R. O., CHANNING A., WILKINSON M., DONNELLAN S. C., RAXWORTHY C. J., CAMPBELL J. A., BLOTTO B. L., MOLER P., DREWES R. C., NUSSBAUM R. A., LYNCH J. D., GREEN D. M. & WHEELER W. C. 2006. - The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1 - 370. https: // doi. org / d 7 tmxr" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Frost
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<emphasis box="[132,183,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In the Cenozoic of Asia, apart from the possible alytid of Sherullah 9, the family was reported from the early Eocene of the Vastan Lignite Mine (
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<bibRefCitation author="BAJPAI S. & KAPUR V. V." box="[528,766,1140,1167]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" pagination="65 - 71" refId="ref12795" refString="BAJPAI S. & KAPUR V. V. 2008. - Earliest Cenozoic frogs from the Indian Subcontinent: implications for out-of-India hypothesis. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 53 (1): 65 - 71. http: // repository. ias. ac. in / 93927 /" type="journal article" year="2008">Bajpai & Kapur 2008</bibRefCitation>
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) and the middle Miocene lower Siwalik deposits (
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<bibRefCitation author="PARMAR V. & JIGMET T." pageId="4" pageNumber="411" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref16241" refString="PARMAR V. & JIGMET T. 2014. - First Fossil Discoglossinae (Anura) from the Siwaliks of the Indian Subcontinent. International Research Journal of Earth Sciences 2 (8): 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="2014">Parmar & Jigmet 2014</bibRefCitation>
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), in
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<collectingCountry box="[317,376,1204,1230]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">India</collectingCountry>
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; from the Miocene of
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<collectingCountry box="[617,692,1204,1230]" name="Turkey" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="CLAESSENS L." pageId="4" pageNumber="411" refId="ref13522" refString="CLAESSENS L. 1995. - Miocene Reptilian and Amphibian Faunas of Anatolia, with Special Emphasis on the Anura. Master Thesis, Institute of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University." type="book" year="1995">Claessens 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="SANCHIZ B." box="[250,394,1236,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" refId="ref17284" refString="SANCHIZ B. 1998. - Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Part 4. Salientia. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, 276 p." type="book" year="1998">Sanchiz 1998</bibRefCitation>
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; Rückert-Ülkümen
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<emphasis box="[610,660,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">et al.</emphasis>
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2002) and in the Miocene of
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<collectingCountry box="[326,422,1267,1293]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="RAGE J. - C. & GINSBURG L." box="[439,690,1267,1294]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" pagination="168" refId="ref16793" refString="RAGE J. - C. & GINSBURG L. 1997. - Amphibians and Squamates from the early Miocene of Li Mae Long, Thailand: The richest and most diverse herpetofauna from the Cainozoic of Asia, in ROCEK Z. & HART S. (eds), Herpetology' 97, 3 rd World Congress of Herpetology, Prague: 167, 168." type="journal article" year="1997">Rage & Ginsburg 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). However, this latter identification cannot be confirmed (
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<bibRefCitation author="ROCEK Z. & RAGE J. - C." pageId="4" pageNumber="411" pagination="1332 - 1387" refId="ref17101" refString="ROCEK Z. & RAGE J. - C. 2000. - Tertiary Anura of Europe, Africa, Asia, North America and Australia, in HEATWOLE H. & CARROLL R. L. (eds), Amphibian Biology. Vol. 4. Surrey Beatty, Chipping Norton: 1332 - 1387." type="book chapter" year="2000">Roček & Rage 2000</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |