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<document id="2DABADAC2A62BA198CCE181B7C19B2A2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5391440" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5391440" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630315127817" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise &amp; Monniot, Claude" docDate="2001" docId="F57D87A3FFFD311FE839FCF8FEE71500" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2001.23.2.201-383.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 23 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:64A3174DE33E974D4EB6573A0A793B12.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="64A3174DE33E974D4EB6573A0A793B12" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F. 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="237" masterDocId="0944FFDBFFDF313BEB47FF93FFBE1602" masterDocTitle="Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="383" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="235" updateTime="1699223418854" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="687CF0EB3F2F0A00F165E4A8ECAF4E3D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2883369265842D4077D0AA6BF6C5D817">
<mods:title id="725B4403F9BA3AF43C299B1CFDD75BD5">Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EB9CAFCFBA60F4A35D41C68B1D9E84A5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D5E364EF339BC9FB17E9BFC1DD361F51">
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<mods:namePart id="36167A2ED2BCFD6F3BB86680BF602B98">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89133EAAEA7AE8E484972B0B3F8C3F82">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="86CA64F70D7F77C79218A865B34B1943">UPESA 8044, Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F- 75005 Paris (France) monniot @ mnhn. fr.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BB4B83AB7EFBC32B060113055B462D7B" type="email">monniot@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="125B4DD2E7041E745F922750A3681261">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="07D409D9A27E468725DB40C5781CB289">
<mods:date id="DC651D2005F53147866D648111DC6E27">2001</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="39AC9749215EF1CC42C6C7BE094EF9A9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A3D429EFE650EB30CDBAE007FCF2B74D">23</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5116A7C8028429D8BBBCF502957832B6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5391440</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="754B7B31FA4A48AF98F8F0D09B743DC3" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F57D87A3FFFD311FE839FCF8FEE71500" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F57D87A3FFFD311FE839FCF8FEE71500" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F57D87A3FFFD311FE839FCF8FEE71500" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFD3119E839FCF8FB3515A1" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E839FCF8FB3515A1" blockId="34.[798,1163,875,962]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
<heading id="262381D9FFFD3119E839FCF8FB3515A1" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFD3119E839FCF8FB3515A1" ID-CoL="33PTL" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hapu">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFD3119E839FCF8FB951587" bold="true" box="[894,1067,875,901]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Cystodytes hapu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFD3119E82EFC3BFC14126C" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E82EFC3BFB8115C0" blockId="34.[798,1163,875,962]" box="[873,1087,936,962]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
(
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFD3119E836FC3BFC7D15C0" box="[881,963,936,962]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" captionTargetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-292@35.[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 26. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; A, B, zooid in two parts; C, incubating zooid; D, right side of the larva; E, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Figs 26</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFD3119E888FC3BFC5315C0" box="[975,1005,936,962]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[714,725,1005,1022]" captionTargetBox="[718,1246,166,969]" captionTargetId="figure-437@36.[718,1249,165,969]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 27. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Scale bar: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391493/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">27</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFD3119E8BEFC3BFB8915C0" box="[1017,1079,936,962]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="157.[151,162,1565,1582]" captionTargetBox="[162,1240,227,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-71@157.[162,1261,227,1550]" captionTargetPageId="157" captionText="FIG. 116. — A, Clavelina robusta Kott, 1990; B, Citorclinum laboutei Monniot F. &amp; Millar, 1988; C, Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, Eudistoma album Monniot F., 1988; E, Eudistoma fluorescens n. sp.; F, Eudistoma fucatum n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391665/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">116C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E98DFC72FC14126C" blockId="34.[714,1247,993,1276]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFD3119E98DFC72FB6515FB" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 64" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1987" box="[714,1243,993,1017]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hapu">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFD3119E98DFC72FCE015FB" box="[714,862,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Cystodytes hapu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 64
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 23A-D, pl. IVE-F.
<typeStatus id="A26F8817FFFD3119E8EBFC69FC611210" box="[940,991,1018,1042]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Type</typeStatus>
locality: New Caledonia. MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFD3119E89EFBB1FBA21238" bold="true" box="[985,1052,1058,1082]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFD3119E89EFBB1FBA91238" box="[985,1047,1058,1082]" name="Palau" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFD3119EF62FBB1FBD8123B" box="[1061,1126,1058,1081]" country="Palau" name="Koror" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Koror</collectingRegion>
, Ngerikuul Pass,
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFD3119E84EFBAEFC3F1257" box="[777,897,1085,1109]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="19.22" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" precision="9" value="7.3203335">7°19.22’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFD3119E8C8FBAEFBA01257" box="[911,1054,1085,1109]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="29.24" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" precision="9" value="134.48734">134°29.24’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFD3119EF6AFBAFFBE51251" box="[1069,1115,1084,1107]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="096A1075FFFD3119EF2EFBAEFB611257" box="[1129,1247,1085,1109]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" value="1994-05-23">23.V.1994</date>
(MNHN A3 CYS 96).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFD311FE98DFBFCFEE71500" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E98DFBFCFC8C12B8" blockId="34.[714,1247,993,1276]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFD3119E98DFBFCFC851285" bold="true" box="[714,827,1135,1159]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFD3119E98DFBFCFC881285" box="[714,822,1135,1159]" name="Maldives" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Maldives</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
S
<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFD3119E81CFBFCFC2C1285" box="[859,914,1135,1159]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Male</collectingRegion>
Atoll, oceanside North reef,
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFD3119E98DFB1AFC8812A3" box="[714,822,1161,1185]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="07.54" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" precision="9" value="4.1256666">4°07.54’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFD3119E805FB1AFC0812A3" box="[834,950,1161,1185]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="30.55" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" precision="9" value="73.50916">73°30.55’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFD3119E886FB1BFC52129D" box="[961,1004,1160,1183]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="096A1075FFFD3119E8BEFB1AFBE812A3" box="[1017,1110,1161,1185]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" value="1997-10-01">1.X.1997</date>
(
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFD3119EF21FB1AFB0512A3" box="[1126,1211,1161,1185]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">MNHN</collectionCode>
A3
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFD3119E98DFB31FD4912B8" box="[714,759,1186,1210]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">CYS</collectionCode>
105).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E98DFB5AFCAB12FE" blockId="34.[714,1247,993,1276]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
DISTRIBUTION. — Polynesia,
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFD3119EF4FFB59FBFB12E0" box="[1032,1093,1226,1250]" name="Palau" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Palau</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFD3119EFC7FB59FB6012E0" box="[1152,1246,1226,1250]" name="Maldives" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Maldives</collectingCountry>
Islands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E98DFAB4FCE5133D" blockId="34.[714,1247,1319,1666]" box="[714,859,1319,1345]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFD3119E98DFADBFBF01080" blockId="34.[714,1247,1319,1666]" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">
The colonies are encrusting,
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFD3119EF54FADBFBE81363" box="[1043,1110,1351,1378]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="235" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
thick, grey, with a round edge. The smooth surface is pierced by slits that are the openings of amphipodsheltering cavities. The systems are not very regular. The superficial tunic is translucent and without spicules but contains brown, round pigment cells (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFD3119E814F99BFC6E1020" box="[851,976,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="157.[151,162,1565,1582]" captionTargetBox="[162,1240,227,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-71@157.[162,1261,227,1550]" captionTargetPageId="157" captionText="FIG. 116. — A, Clavelina robusta Kott, 1990; B, Citorclinum laboutei Monniot F. &amp; Millar, 1988; C, Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, Eudistoma album Monniot F., 1988; E, Eudistoma fluorescens n. sp.; F, Eudistoma fucatum n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391665/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="235">Fig. 116C</figureCitation>
), which are also found around the zooids in formalin preserved specimens. Deeper inside the colony the spherical brown cells are irregularly scattered.
</paragraph>
<caption id="29AB663DFFFC3118EBD0FB92FCEE122A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236" startId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" targetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFC3118EBD0FB92FCEE122A" blockId="35.[151,1248,1025,1064]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">
FIG. 26. —
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFC3118EBB5FB92FD371210" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[242,649,1025,1042]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="236" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hapu">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118EBB5FB92FEC11210" box="[242,383,1025,1042]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Cystodytes hapu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118E9D6FB92FD201210" bold="true" box="[657,670,1025,1042]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118E9EEFB92FD081210" bold="true" box="[681,694,1025,1042]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">B</emphasis>
, zooid in two parts;
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118E825FB92FCCE1210" bold="true" box="[866,880,1025,1042]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">C</emphasis>
, incubating zooid;
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118EF57FB92FBA01210" bold="true" box="[1040,1054,1025,1042]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">D</emphasis>
, right side of the larva;
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118EBD0FB84FF1D122A" bold="true" box="[151,163,1047,1064]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">E</emphasis>
, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFC3118EBD0FBF4FE751380" blockId="35.[151,684,1127,1666]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">
Numerous small spherical spicules made of concentric needles are distributed through the subsurface thickness of the tunic, but are more numerous below that and between the zooids. They have an average diameter of 50 µm (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118EBD8FA9BFF4E1320" box="[159,240,1288,1314]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[714,725,1005,1022]" captionTargetBox="[718,1246,166,969]" captionTargetId="figure-437@36.[718,1249,165,969]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 27. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Scale bar: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391493/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
). Disc-shaped spicules 600 to 800 µm in diameter (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118EA57FABBFED61340" box="[272,360,1320,1346]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[714,725,1005,1022]" captionTargetBox="[718,1246,166,969]" captionTargetId="figure-437@36.[718,1249,165,969]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 27. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Scale bar: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391493/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
) make capsules around the zooids and around the larvae. There are very few spicules of intermediate size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFC3118EBD0FA1BFD2E1020" blockId="35.[151,684,1127,1666]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">
The zooids lie perpendicular to the colony surface. The oral siphon has six to eight lobes, the cloacal siphon six to seven lobes (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118E941FA5BFDD213E0" box="[518,620,1480,1506]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" captionTargetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-292@35.[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 26. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; A, B, zooid in two parts; C, incubating zooid; D, right side of the larva; E, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
). The thoraces are too contracted to count the stigmata or to distinguish a body-wall fold on the waist.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFC3118EBD0F9BBFC9B1080" blockId="35.[151,684,1127,1666]" lastBlockId="35.[714,1247,1127,1666]" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">
The digestive loop has the common shape of the genus, with a large central space containing the rosette of testis lobes. Ten to 12 oval testis lobes converge on the sperm duct, which runs straight from its origin (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118E83FFB1BFC6212A0" box="[888,988,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" captionTargetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-292@35.[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 26. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; A, B, zooid in two parts; C, incubating zooid; D, right side of the larva; E, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
). The oocytes are locat- ed near the oesophagus. Developed larvae are incubated in a pouch protruding on a short and narrow peduncle from the waist of the zooid (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118E994FA9BFC811320" box="[723,831,1288,1314]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" captionTargetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-292@35.[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 26. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; A, B, zooid in two parts; C, incubating zooid; D, right side of the larva; E, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
) (giving the species its Polynesian name). The larval size varies, with a maximum trunk length of
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFC3118E8C9FADBFC4F1363" box="[910,1009,1351,1378]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="35" pageNumber="236" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
. The three anterior papillae, in a line, are encircled by a ring made of four fused pairs of ampullae (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118EF6EFA1BFB0513A3" box="[1065,1211,1415,1442]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" captionTargetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-292@35.[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 26. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; A, B, zooid in two parts; C, incubating zooid; D, right side of the larva; E, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 26D, E</figureCitation>
), a common structure in the genus
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFC3118EF7BFA3BFB1613C0" authorityName="Drasche" authorityYear="1884" box="[1084,1192,1448,1474]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="236" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFC3118EF7BFA3BFB1613C0" box="[1084,1192,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Cystodytes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On the left side only, an ampullar structure with a deeply toothed margin lies over the anterior part of the larval body (
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFC3118E8DAF99BFBBF1020" box="[925,1025,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[151,162,1025,1042]" captionTargetBox="[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-292@35.[135,1263,153,1017]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 26. — Cystodytes hapu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; A, B, zooid in two parts; C, incubating zooid; D, right side of the larva; E, anterior part of the left side of the larva. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391491/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="236">Fig. 26E</figureCitation>
). The larvae are not gemmiparous, but two stigmata rows are soon pierced. Each larva has its own capsule of flat spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFB311FEBD0FF34FF4516BD" blockId="36.[151,684,167,770]" box="[151,251,167,193]" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFB311FEBD0FF5BFED41420" blockId="36.[151,684,167,770]" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">
This sample from
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFB311FEA23FF5BFE2116E0" box="[356,415,200,226]" name="Palau" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">Palau</collectingCountry>
differs from the
<typeStatus id="A26F8817FFFB311FE918FF54FD3316E3" box="[607,653,199,225]" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFB311FEBD0FF74FDD01700" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[151,622,231,258]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="36" pageNumber="237" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hapu">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFB311FEBD0FF74FF531700" box="[151,237,231,258]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">C. hapu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
from Polynesia in the abundance of small spicules, and the tooth-edged structure on the larva. Nevertheless, thin vascular processes are also present on the left larval body side in Polynesian colonies. Specimens collected in the Indian Ocean have both small spicules and larger ones in capsules and larvae in a pedunculate brood pouch with ampullae on the left side. They are assigned to the same species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFB311FEBD0FDB4FEE71500" blockId="36.[151,684,167,770]" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">
Two New Caledonian species have spicules in pin-cushions.
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFB311FEA76FDDBFD121460" authority="Monniot F., 1988" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1988" box="[305,684,583,610]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="36" pageNumber="237" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteus">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFB311FEA76FDDBFE621460" box="[305,476,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">Cystodytes luteus</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1988
</taxonomicName>
has a different anatomy of its zooids and larvae, and
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFB311FEB8CFD1BFDC314A0" authority="Monniot F., 1988" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1988" box="[203,637,647,674]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="36" pageNumber="237" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosus">
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFB311FEB8CFD1BFE2014A3" box="[203,414,648,674]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="237">Cystodytes mucosus</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1988
</taxonomicName>
has numerous siphonal lobes, abundant mucus, and no dark pigment, and its larvae are incubated at the stomach level.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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