treatments-xml/data/F5/2B/79/F52B791AFFF3E93F8101FB68C35FF533.xml

<document id="A0D3A94BE6F2A80F453DA21AE6635292" ID-CLB-Dataset="21345" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.698" ID-GBIF-Dataset="be802d18-f06f-4e22-9856-8b037f21ca52" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3978511" ID-ZooBank="623BBCE3-12A5-45A9-802A-2ED2E15164A3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1597081950579" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Calcinai, Barbara, Belfiore, Giuseppe, Pica, Daniela, Torsani, Fabrizio, Palma, Marco &amp; Cerrano, Carlo" docDate="2020" docId="F52B791AFFF3E93F8101FB68C35FF533" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-698_calcinai_belfiori_pica.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 698" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Theonella conica" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="09120162FFE6E926833CFFB0C636F001" masterDocTitle="Porifera from Ponta do Ouro (Mozambique)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698844257787" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="010F23B981F172343038AD335B80409F">Porifera from Ponta do Ouro (Mozambique)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="11334A91C3C2005030D6C30F19F8D2F4">Calcinai, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="16842FB5240A2FB29751106ED41F6414">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FDE6F5ED7D0A044034287FF7DA1CE6E3">Belfiore, Giuseppe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AA19152B1A5F0137155521B30B259FA7">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AFFA7E21E5041BCFCA5135E4011205A2">Pica, Daniela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1246DC2CA7126855810C293296DC14DA">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="21BD9108BD616E769A3F9A1639996F9C">Torsani, Fabrizio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5000D2DCF5D5C82FB414C3C63F80915E">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C14ADE1C853A77DF8601DDD75A53CB1F">Palma, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2A0506A45D247E8154EBF49BDB8B87E2">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="969C95E0530A8D66BE3B35372909299A">Cerrano, Carlo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="47D59D85A015ECD4CC366E9347AD7AF2">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="83C82ACB20B98FCD94A6C63D773E48BB">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="896821F198E8708430F38362E60D6C8D">2020</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="35989B87FFF3E9338101FB68C5C0F4F5" box="[573,1014,1240,1268]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF3E9338101FB68C5C0F4F5" ID-CoL="56CBM" authority="(Kieschnick, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[573,1014,1240,1268]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF3E9338101FB68C538F4F2" bold="true" box="[573,782,1240,1267]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Theonella conica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF3E9338022FB69C5D8F4F5" author="Kieschnick" box="[798,1006,1241,1268]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref21040" refString="Kieschnick O. 1896. Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger 19: 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF3E9338182FB4BC540F514" blockId="21.[573,1014,1240,1301]" box="[702,886,1275,1301]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E9338182FB4BC525F514" box="[702,787,1275,1301]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
, 
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<treatmentCitation id="FC23EE1DFFF3E9338381FA8BC488F557" author="Kieschnick O." box="[189,702,1339,1366]" page="530" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF3E9338381FA8BC488F557" ID-CoL="36TCZ" authority="Kieschnick, 1896: 530" authorityName="Kieschnick" authorityPageNumber="530" authorityYear="1896" box="[189,702,1339,1366]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Discodermia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF3E9338381FA8BC79CF554" box="[189,426,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Discodermia conica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF3E933828DFA8BC488F557" author="Kieschnick" box="[433,702,1339,1366]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref21040" refString="Kieschnick O. 1896. Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger 19: 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896: 530</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF3E9338381FACCC79CF597" bold="true" box="[189,426,1404,1430]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material examined</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CDEAC251FFF3E9338381FA1AC340F5C5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825837328" box="[189,1398,1448,1476]" collectingDate="2017-02-03" collectionCode="PO" collectorName="Cerrano" elevation="23" latitude="-26.821531" location="PONTA DO OURO" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.89514" municipality="PONTA DO OURO" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="PO2" specimenCount="2">
<collectingMunicipality id="9D595276FFF3E9338381FA1AC79FF5C5" box="[189,425,1450,1476]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PONTA DO OURO</collectingMunicipality>
• 
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, the larger is about 8× 3× 
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; 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="18B6AECBFFF3E9338796FA18C347F5C5" box="[1194,1393,1448,1476]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="1" seconds="42.507" value="32.89514">32°53′42.507″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
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Kev’s; 
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deep; 
<date id="093CEECCFFF3E93382F0FA7CC45EF5E7" box="[460,616,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2017-02-03">
<collectingDate id="19781724FFF3E93382F0FA7CC45EF5E7" box="[460,616,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2017-02-03">3 Feb. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="D077ADDAFFF3E9338147FA7CC4EFF5E7" box="[635,729,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Cerrano</collectorName>
leg.; 
<specimenCode id="2D246077FFF3E9338015FA7CC568F5E7" box="[809,862,1484,1510]" collectionCode="PO" country="Russia" name="Collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PO2</specimenCode>
• 
<materialsCitation id="CDEAC251FFF3E93380B8FA7CC235F609" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825837304" collectingDate="2017-02-09" collectionCode="PO" collectorName="Cerrano" elevation="19" latitude="-26.793" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.899353" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="PO29" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="6B840385FFF3E93380B8FA7CC238F5E7" box="[900,1038,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">1 fragment</specimenCount>
, 4 ×2× 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFF3E9338751FA7CC287F5E7" box="[1133,1201,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="18B6AECBFFF3E93387F8FA7AC347F5E7" box="[1220,1393,1482,1510]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="1" seconds="34.8" value="-26.793">26°47′34.8″ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="18B6AECBFFF3E9338381FA5CC7B5F608" box="[189,387,1516,1545]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="1" seconds="57.662" value="32.899353">32°53′57.662″ E</geoCoordinate>
; Close; 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFF3E93382DEFA5EC405F608" box="[482,563,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.86" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="18.6">
<elevation id="F6AF2F3FFFF3E93382DEFA5EC405F608" box="[482,563,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.86" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="18.6">18.6 m</elevation>
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deep; 
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<collectingDate id="19781724FFF3E93381BDFA5EC526F609" box="[641,784,1518,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2017-02-09">9 Feb. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="D077ADDAFFF3E9338020FA5EC54CF609" box="[796,890,1518,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Cerrano</collectorName>
leg.; 
<specimenCode id="2D246077FFF3E9338081FA5EC235F609" box="[957,1027,1518,1544]" collectionCode="PO" country="Russia" name="Collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PO29</specimenCode>
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF3E9338381F99EC778F649" bold="true" box="[189,334,1582,1608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF3E9338381F9ECC41FF6DC" blockId="21.[189,1399,1628,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
The live sponge is irregularly massive, lobate, with oscules either flush with the surface or opening upon mounds (
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E9338252F9CEC7F4F698" box="[366,450,1662,1689]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
A–C). The color of the surface is brown while the body is blueish. The samples preserved in alcohol are ochre with an uneven surface, in some parts microhispid. The consistence is firm and slightly compressible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF3E9338381F8B4C251F741" blockId="21.[189,1399,1795,1856]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
SKELETON. Ectosome consisting of phyllotriaenes and with a crust of numerous rhabds (
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E93387E5F8B3C318F71F" box="[1241,1326,1795,1822]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
D–E). Choanosome formed by tetraclone desmas and brushes of strongyles (
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E93380CEF896C26CF741" box="[1010,1114,1830,1856]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF3E9338381F8D6C727F7EA" blockId="21.[189,1399,1894,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
SPICULES. Phyllotriaenes (
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E93382D7F8D6C46EF781" box="[491,600,1894,1920]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
) with short clads 40–(57.5)– 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFF3E9338088F8D6C234F780" box="[948,1026,1894,1921]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="87.0">87 µm</quantity>
(n = 8) and desmas quite rare; smooth and slightly curved strongyles (
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E933819EF83AC527F7A5" box="[674,785,1930,1956]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
) 315–(385, 54.3)– 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFF3E93380C8F83AC263F7A5" box="[1012,1109,1930,1957]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.17" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="417.0">417 µm</quantity>
×2.5–(3.25, 2.2)– 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFF3E9338612F83AC347F7A5" box="[1326,1393,1930,1956]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 µm</quantity>
, sometimes modified in oxeas; rhabds (
<figureCitation id="E5B9D489FFF3E93381BDF81DC4DDF7C6" box="[641,747,1965,1991]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[213,1375,265,1887]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Theonella conica (Kieschnick, 1896). A–B. The specimen PO2 in situ; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. C. The specimen PO29 in situ. D. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. E. Crust of rhabds (SEM). F. Choanosomal skeleton. G. Strongyles. H. Straight rhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
) are straight with oxeote ends and long spines 7–(9.5)– 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFF3E9338381F861C73BF7EA" box="[189,269,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="29FD9884FFF0E9308381F838C362F7E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978537" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3978537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3978537/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[213,1375,265,1887]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF0E9308381F838C362F7E8" blockId="22.[189,1398,1928,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E9308381F838C721F7A3" bold="true" box="[189,279,1928,1954]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF0E9308221F838C4F8F7A2" authority="(Kieschnick, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[285,718,1928,1955]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E9308221F838C7D3F7A3" box="[285,485,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Theonella conica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF0E93082CFF838C4F2F7A2" author="Kieschnick" box="[499,708,1928,1955]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref21040" refString="Kieschnick O. 1896. Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger 19: 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E93081EBF838C538F7A3" bold="true" box="[727,782,1928,1954]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A–B</emphasis>
. The specimen PO2 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E93080C0F839C274F7A3" box="[1020,1090,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">in situ</emphasis>
; in B a fresh cut highlights the blue colored choanosome. 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E930811BF81BC40AF7C4" bold="true" box="[551,572,1963,1989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. The specimen PO29 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E9308078F81DC5B8F7C7" box="[836,910,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">in situ</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E93080A2F81CC585F7C7" bold="true" box="[926,947,1964,1990]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
. Ectosome with phyllotriaene (arrow) and rhabds. 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E9308270F87FC756F7E8" bold="true" box="[332,352,1999,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
. Crust of rhabds (SEM). 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E93081B4F87FC4ACF7E8" bold="true" box="[648,666,1999,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
. Choanosomal skeleton. 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E93080FEF87FC5EFF7E8" bold="true" box="[962,985,1999,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
. Strongyles. 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF0E9308748F87FC2BDF7E8" bold="true" box="[1140,1163,1999,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H</emphasis>
. Straight rhabds.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29FD9884FFF1E931838AFD9AC4F3F268" ID-Table-UUID="29FD9884FFF1E931838AFD9AC4F3F268" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/29FD9884FFF1E931838AFD9AC4F3F268" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[186,1930,691,1729]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF1E931838AFD9AC4F3F268" blockId="23.[182,1936,554,617]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E931838AFD9AC725F247" bold="true" box="[182,275,554,582]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Table 1</emphasis>
(continued on next page). Characteristics of the species of 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E93180E8FD9AC2E4F247" authority="Gray 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[980,1234,554,582]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E93180E8FD9AC27FF247" box="[980,1097,554,582]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Theonella</emphasis>
Gray 1868
</taxonomicName>
. The description of 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E93186FCFD9AC6C7F268" authority="Haeckel in Zittel, 1878" authorityName="Haeckel in Zittel" authorityYear="1878" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E93186FCFD9AC08FF247" box="[1472,1721,554,582]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Theonella ferruginea</emphasis>
Haeckel in Zittel, 1878
</taxonomicName>
is not available (
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF1E9318285FDFDC48FF268" author="Van Soest" box="[441,697,589,617]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Van Soest" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref22306" refString="Van Soest R. W. M., Boury-Esnault N., Hooper J. N. A., Rutzler K., de Voogd N. J., Alvarez B., Hajdu E., Pisera A. B., Manconi R., Sch ˆ nberg C., Klautau M., Kelly M., Vacelet J., Dohrmann M., Diaz M. C., Cardenas P., Carballo J. L., Rios P., Downey R. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2019. World Porifera Database. https: // doi. org / 10.14284 / 359" type="book" year="2019">
Van Soest 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E931810BFDFDC45DF268" box="[567,619,589,617]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFF1E9318382FD03C123F6C0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<table id="0F823AACFFF116D98386FD03C1BCF6C0" box="[186,1930,691,1729]" colsContinueIn="24.[186,1933,876,1516]" gridcols="8" gridrows="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FD03C1BCF2CB" box="[186,1930,691,714]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FD03C79EF2CB" box="[186,424,691,714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318382FD03C73FF2CB" bold="true" box="[190,265,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFD03C45CF2CB" box="[438,618,691,714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E93182E8FD03C467F2CB" bold="true" box="[468,593,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFD03C500F2CB" box="[631,822,691,714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E931818BFD03C4C0F2CB" bold="true" box="[695,758,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Shape</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFD03C5CAF2CB" box="[848,1020,691,714]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318054FD03C5D3F2CB" bold="true" box="[872,997,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Megascleres</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFD03C292F2CB" box="[1047,1188,691,714]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318711FD03C2B8F2CB" bold="true" box="[1069,1166,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Size (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFD03C390F2CB" box="[1200,1446,691,714]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E93187D7FD03C35BF2CB" bold="true" box="[1259,1389,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Microscleres</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFD03C00AF2CB" box="[1462,1596,691,714]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E93186F5FD03C01CF2CB" bold="true" box="[1481,1578,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Size (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98575FD03C1BCF2CB" box="[1609,1930,691,714]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E931855CFD03C144F2CB" bold="true" box="[1632,1906,691,714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Desmas and phyllotriaenes</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FD5CC1BCF321" box="[186,1930,748,800]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FD5CC79EF321" box="[186,424,748,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FD5CC752F321" authority="Lendenfeld, 1907" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1907" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FD5CC711F302" box="[186,295,748,771]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. annulata</emphasis>
Lendenfeld, 1907
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFD5CC45CF321" box="[438,618,748,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Morocco</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFD5CC500F321" box="[631,822,748,800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFD5CC5CAF321" box="[848,1020,748,800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFD5CC292F321" box="[1047,1188,748,800]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFD5CC390F321" box="[1200,1446,748,800]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Slightly curved acanthorhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFD5CC00AF321" box="[1462,1596,748,800]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">30</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FD5CC1BCF321" box="[1609,1930,748,800]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phyllotriaenes, tetraclone desmas with tubercles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FC88C1BCF36D" box="[186,1930,824,876]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FC88C79EF36D" box="[186,424,824,876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FC88C77FF36D" authority="Van Soest &amp; Stentolft, 1988" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; Stentolft" authorityYear="1988" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atlantica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FC88C711F34E" box="[186,295,824,847]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. atlantica</emphasis>
Van Soest &amp; Stentolft, 1988
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFC88C45CF36D" box="[438,618,824,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Florida/Caribbean</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFC88C500F36D" box="[631,822,824,876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Encrusting/Lobate</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFC88C5CAF36D" box="[848,1020,824,876]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFC88C292F36D" box="[1047,1188,824,876]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFC88C390F36D" box="[1200,1446,824,876]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Straight acanthorhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFC88C00AF36D" box="[1462,1596,824,876]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8–15 × 2</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FC88C1BCF36D" box="[1609,1930,824,876]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dichotraene–like phyllotriaenes, desmas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FC34C1BCF3B9" box="[186,1930,900,952]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FC34C79EF3B9" box="[186,424,900,952]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FC34C777F3B9" authority="(Carter, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FC34C70BF39A" box="[186,317,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. complicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF1E93183FDFC11C70CF3B9" author="Carter" box="[193,314,929,952]" firstAuthor="Carter" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="35 - 61" refId="ref19899" refString="Carter H. J. 1880. Report on specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Capt. W. H. Cawne Warren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (5) 6 (31): 35 - 61." type="journal article" year="1880">Carter, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFC34C45CF3B9" box="[438,618,900,952]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Seychelles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFC34C500F3B9" box="[631,822,900,952]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Massive irregular</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFC34C5CAF3B9" box="[848,1020,900,952]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxeas/strongyles/ styles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFC34C292F3B9" box="[1047,1188,900,952]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">90 ×5, 120 × 5, 120 × 5</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFC34C390F3B9" box="[1200,1446,900,952]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFC34C00AF3B9" box="[1462,1596,900,952]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FC34C1BCF3B9" box="[1609,1930,900,952]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phyllotriaenes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FC7FC1BCF402" box="[186,1930,975,1027]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FC7FC79EF402" box="[186,424,975,1027]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FC7FC744F402" authority="(Kieschnick, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FC7FC724F3E7" box="[186,274,975,998]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. conica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF1E93183FDFC5CC75DF402" author="Kieschnick" box="[193,363,1004,1027]" firstAuthor="Kieschnick" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref21040" refString="Kieschnick O. 1896. Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger 19: 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFC7FC500F402" box="[438,822,975,1027]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Red Sea/Indonesia/ Massive Madagascar</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFC7FC5CAF402" box="[848,1020,975,1027]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxeas/strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFC7FC292F402" box="[1047,1188,975,1027]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">275–550</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFC7FC390F402" box="[1200,1446,975,1027]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Acanthorhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFC7FC00AF402" box="[1462,1596,975,1027]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FC7FC1BCF402" box="[1609,1930,975,1027]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phyllotriaenes, tetracrepid desmas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FBABC1BCF44E" box="[186,1930,1051,1103]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FBABC79EF44E" box="[186,424,1051,1103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FB9AC79EF440" authority="(Burton, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Burton" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[186,424,1066,1089]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupola">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FB9AC725F440" box="[186,275,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. cupola</emphasis>
(Burton, 1928)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFBABC45CF44E" box="[438,618,1051,1103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">India</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFBABC500F44E" box="[631,822,1051,1103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dome shaped massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFBABC5CAF44E" box="[848,1020,1051,1103]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxeas</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFBABC292F44E" box="[1047,1188,1051,1103]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">44</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFBABC390F44E" box="[1200,1446,1051,1103]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Rhabds “with well– developed spines”</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFBABC00AF44E" box="[1462,1596,1051,1103]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">19</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FBABC1BCF44E" box="[1609,1930,1051,1103]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phyllotriaenes, desmas with tubercles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FBD7C1BCF49A" box="[186,1930,1127,1179]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FBD7C79EF49A" box="[186,424,1127,1179]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FBD7C70DF49A" authority="Wilson, 1925" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cylindrica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FBD7C705F47F" box="[186,307,1127,1150]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. cylindrica</emphasis>
Wilson, 1925
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFBD7C45CF49A" box="[438,618,1127,1179]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Philippines</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFBD7C500F49A" box="[631,822,1127,1179]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cylindrical massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFBD7C5CAF49A" box="[848,1020,1127,1179]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFBD7C292F49A" box="[1047,1188,1127,1179]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">600 × 5</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFBD7C390F49A" box="[1200,1446,1127,1179]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Microspined rhabds rounded at the ends</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFBD7C00AF49A" box="[1462,1596,1127,1179]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8 × 3</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FBD7C1BCF49A" box="[1609,1930,1127,1179]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Smooth phyllotriaenes, desmas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FB03C1BCF53C" box="[186,1930,1203,1341]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FB03C79EF53C" box="[186,424,1203,1341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FB6EC70BF513" authority="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014" authorityName="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2014" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="deliqua">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FB6EC72CF4F4" box="[186,282,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. deliqua</emphasis>
Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFB03C45CF53C" box="[438,618,1203,1341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Australia</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFB03C500F53C" box="[631,822,1203,1341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Encrusting/Massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFB03C5CAF53C" box="[848,1020,1203,1341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFB03C292F53C" box="[1047,1188,1203,1341]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFB03C390F53C" box="[1200,1446,1203,1341]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Microxeas slender, slightly curved, tips sharply hastate, covered by numerous, narrow, conical spines</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFB03C00AF53C" box="[1462,1596,1203,1341]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">7.2–(14.6)– 21.6 × 2.5–3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FAE5C1BCF589" box="[186,1930,1365,1416]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FAE5C79EF589" box="[186,424,1365,1416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FAE5C7AEF589" authority="Haeckel in Zittel, 1878" authorityName="Haeckel in Zittel" authorityYear="1878" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FAE5C701F56D" box="[186,311,1365,1388]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. ferruginea</emphasis>
Haeckel in Zittel, 1878
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFAE5C292F589" box="[848,1188,1365,1416]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">No information</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FA15C1BCF5D8" box="[186,1930,1445,1497]" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FA15C79EF5D8" box="[186,424,1445,1497]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FA04C7A3F5CA" authority="Thiele, 1900" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" box="[186,405,1460,1483]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incerta">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FA04C720F5CA" box="[186,278,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. incerta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFF1E9318220FA04C7A3F5CA" author="Thiele" box="[284,405,1460,1483]" firstAuthor="Thiele" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref22037" refString="Thiele J. 1900. Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 25: 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFA15C45CF5D8" box="[438,618,1445,1497]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Indonesia</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFA15C500F5D8" box="[631,822,1445,1497]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Vasiform</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFA15C5CAF5D8" box="[848,1020,1445,1497]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFA15C292F5D8" box="[1047,1188,1445,1497]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">150</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFA15C390F5D8" box="[1200,1446,1445,1497]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Microrhabds “with rougher surface”</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFA15C00AF5D8" box="[1462,1596,1445,1497]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10 × 8</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FA15C1BCF5D8" box="[1609,1930,1445,1497]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phyllotriaenes with several shapes, desmas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386FA46C1BCF62B" box="[186,1930,1526,1578]" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386FA46C79EF62B" box="[186,424,1526,1578]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386FA46C70DF62B" authority="Wilson, 1925" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="invaginata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386FA46C70FF60C" box="[186,313,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. invaginata</emphasis>
Wilson, 1925
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AFA46C45CF62B" box="[438,618,1526,1578]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Philippines</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BFA46C500F62B" box="[631,822,1526,1578]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Vasiform</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CFA46C5CAF62B" box="[848,1020,1526,1578]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BFA46C292F62B" box="[1047,1188,1526,1578]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">420 × 6</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CFA46C390F62B" box="[1200,1446,1526,1578]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Acanthorhabds, oxeate or strongylate ends</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AFA46C00AF62B" box="[1462,1596,1526,1578]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">420 × 6</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575FA46C1BCF62B" box="[1609,1930,1526,1578]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Smooth phyllotriaenes, desmas with tubercles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386F9F2C1BCF674" box="[186,1930,1602,1653]" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386F9F2C79EF674" box="[186,424,1602,1653]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386F9F2C752F674" authority="Lendenfeld, 1907" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1907" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacerata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386F9F2C714F658" box="[186,290,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. lacerata</emphasis>
Lendenfeld, 1907
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AF9F2C500F674" box="[438,822,1602,1653]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Red Sea/Indonesia Cylindrical massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CF9F2C5CAF674" box="[848,1020,1602,1653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxeas</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BF9F2C292F674" box="[1047,1188,1602,1653]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">400–630</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CF9F2C390F674" box="[1200,1446,1602,1653]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cylindrical rhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AF9F2C00AF674" box="[1462,1596,1602,1653]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">16–24× 1.5–4</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575F9F2C1BCF674" box="[1609,1930,1602,1653]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Smooth phyllotriaenes, dicranoclones</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFF116D98386F93DC1BCF6C0" box="[186,1930,1677,1729]" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="8063A332FFF116D98386F93DC79EF6C0" box="[186,424,1677,1729]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFF1E9318386F93DC756F6C0" authority="Lim &amp; Tan, 2016" authorityName="Lim &amp; Tan" authorityYear="2016" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laena">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFF1E9318386F93DC731F6A5" box="[186,263,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. laena</emphasis>
Lim &amp; Tan, 2016
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9828AF93DC45CF6C0" box="[438,618,1677,1729]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Singapore</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9814BF93DC500F6C0" box="[631,822,1677,1729]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Encrusting</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9806CF93DC5CAF6C0" box="[848,1020,1677,1729]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9872BF93DC292F6C0" box="[1047,1188,1677,1729]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">600–630</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9878CF93DC390F6C0" box="[1200,1446,1677,1729]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">slightly curved acanthose strongyloxeas</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D9868AF93DC00AF6C0" box="[1462,1596,1677,1729]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">13–27</td>
<td id="8063A332FFF116D98575F93DC1BCF6C0" box="[1609,1930,1677,1729]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phyllotriaenes, desmas with tubercles</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="29FD9884FFFEE93E838AFCB3C21AF31E" box="[182,1068,771,799]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFEE93E838AFCB3C21AF31E" blockId="24.[182,1068,771,799]" box="[182,1068,771,799]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E838AFCB3C724F31E" bold="true" box="[182,274,771,799]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Table 1</emphasis>
(continued). Characteristics of the species of 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8017FCB3C21EF31E" authority="Gray 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[811,1064,771,799]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8017FCB3C596F31E" box="[811,928,771,799]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Theonella</emphasis>
Gray 1868
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFEE93E8382FCDCC038F5DC" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<table id="0F823AACFFFE16D98386FCDCC1BBF5ED" box="[186,1933,876,1516]" colsContinueFrom="23.[186,1930,691,1729]" gridcols="8" gridrows="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FCDCC1BBF382" box="[186,1933,876,899]" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FCDCC79DF382" box="[186,427,876,899]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8382FCDCC73FF382" bold="true" box="[190,265,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FCDCC46BF382" box="[440,605,876,899]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E82E8FCDCC467F382" bold="true" box="[468,593,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFCDCC500F382" box="[631,822,876,899]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E818BFCDCC4C0F382" bold="true" box="[695,758,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Shape</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FCDCC5CFF382" box="[852,1017,876,899]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8054FCDCC5D3F382" bold="true" box="[872,997,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Megascleres</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FCDCC297F382" box="[1050,1185,876,899]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8711FCDCC2B8F382" bold="true" box="[1069,1166,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Size (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FCDCC39DF382" box="[1196,1451,876,899]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E87D7FCDCC35BF382" bold="true" box="[1259,1389,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Microscleres</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FCDCC005F382" box="[1471,1587,876,899]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E86F5FCDCC01CF382" bold="true" box="[1481,1578,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Size (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D9857BFCDCC1BBF382" box="[1607,1933,876,899]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E855CFCDCC144F382" bold="true" box="[1632,1906,876,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Desmas and phyllotriaenes</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FC16C1BBF3DB" box="[186,1933,934,986]" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FC16C79DF3DB" box="[186,427,934,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FC16C752F3DB" authority="Lendenfeld, 1907" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1907" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levior">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FC16C73CF3BC" box="[186,266,934,957]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. levior</emphasis>
Lendenfeld, 1907
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FC16C46BF3DB" box="[440,605,934,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Australia</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFC16C500F3DB" box="[631,822,934,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cylindrical massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FC16C5CFF3DB" box="[852,1017,934,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Oxeas/strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FC16C297F3DB" box="[1050,1185,934,986]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">500–770</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FC16C39DF3DB" box="[1196,1451,934,986]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cylindrical and slightly thinned</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FC16C005F3DB" box="[1471,1587,934,986]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">15–30 × 2–4</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9857BFC16C1BBF3DB" box="[1607,1933,934,986]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Smooth phyllotriaenes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FC42C1BBF427" box="[186,1933,1010,1062]" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FC42C79DF427" box="[186,427,1010,1062]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FC42C70BF427" authority="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014" authorityName="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2014" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="maricae">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FC42C717F408" box="[186,289,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. maricae</emphasis>
Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FC42C46BF427" box="[440,605,1010,1062]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Australia</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFC42C500F427" box="[631,822,1010,1062]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Encrusting</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FC42C5CFF427" box="[852,1017,1010,1062]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FC42C297F427" box="[1050,1185,1010,1062]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FC42C39DF427" box="[1196,1451,1010,1062]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">microxeas slightly curved, with conical spines</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FC42C005F427" box="[1471,1587,1010,1062]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">37.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FB8DC1BBF470" box="[186,1933,1085,1137]" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FB8DC79DF470" box="[186,427,1085,1137]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FB8DC7B8F470" authority="(de Laubenfels, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1954" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FB8DC71FF455" box="[186,297,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. mirabilis</emphasis>
(de Laubenfels, 1954)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FB8DC46BF470" box="[440,605,1085,1137]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Central Pacific</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFB8DC500F470" box="[631,822,1085,1137]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Irregular massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FB8DC5CFF470" box="[852,1017,1085,1137]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FB8DC297F470" box="[1050,1185,1085,1137]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">400 × 7</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FB8DC39DF470" box="[1196,1451,1085,1137]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Straight microrhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FB8DC005F470" box="[1471,1587,1085,1137]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">12 × 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FB39C1BBF4BC" box="[186,1933,1161,1213]" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FB39C79DF4BC" box="[186,427,1161,1213]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FB39C703F4BC" authority="Dendy, 1922" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pulchrifolia">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FB39C775F4A1" box="[186,323,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. pulchrifolia</emphasis>
Dendy, 1922
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FB39C46BF4BC" box="[440,605,1161,1213]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Maldives</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFB39C500F4BC" box="[631,822,1161,1213]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lamellar</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FB39C5CFF4BC" box="[852,1017,1161,1213]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">2 sizes oxeas</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FB39C297F4BC" box="[1050,1185,1161,1213]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">57 ×3, 140 × 3</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FB39C39DF4BC" box="[1196,1451,1161,1213]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Microrhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FB39C005F4BC" box="[1471,1587,1161,1213]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9857BFB39C1BBF4BC" box="[1607,1933,1161,1213]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Phyllotriaenes, tetracrepis desmas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FB65C1BBF508" box="[186,1933,1237,1289]" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FB65C79DF508" box="[186,427,1237,1289]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FB53C7AEF4FB" authority="Gray, 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[186,408,1251,1274]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FB53C711F4FB" box="[186,295,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. swinhoei</emphasis>
Gray, 1868
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FB65C46BF508" box="[440,605,1237,1289]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Indian Ocean</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFB65C500F508" box="[631,822,1237,1289]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cylindrical massive</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FB65C5CFF508" box="[852,1017,1237,1289]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Strongyles</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FB65C297F508" box="[1050,1185,1237,1289]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">325–600</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FB65C39DF508" box="[1196,1451,1237,1289]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Rhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FB65C005F508" box="[1471,1587,1237,1289]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6–23</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9857BFB65C1BBF508" box="[1607,1933,1237,1289]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Smooth phyllotriaenes, desmas with tubercles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FA90C1BBF555" box="[186,1933,1312,1364]" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FA90C79DF555" box="[186,427,1312,1364]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FA90C766F555" authority="Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson" authorityYear="2019" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FA90C73FF536" box="[186,265,1312,1335]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. timmi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFEE93E8232FA90C766F555" author="Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson" firstAuthor="Samaai" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref21796" refString="Samaai T., Pillay R. &amp; Janson L. 2019. Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa. Zootaxa 4587 (1): 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4587.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FA90C500F555" box="[440,822,1312,1364]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Massive conical to West Indian Ocean columnar</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FA90C5CFF555" box="[852,1017,1312,1364]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Strongyles/oxeas</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FA90C297F555" box="[1050,1185,1312,1364]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">316–(410)– 593</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FA90C39DF555" box="[1196,1451,1312,1364]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Slightly curved acanthorhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FA90C005F555" box="[1471,1587,1312,1364]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">16–(17)–19</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9857BFA90C1BBF555" box="[1607,1933,1312,1364]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tetraclone desmas smooth, various size of phyllotrienes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FADCC1BBF5A1" box="[186,1933,1388,1440]" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FADCC79DF5A1" box="[186,427,1388,1440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FADCC796F5A1" authority="Pisera &amp; Pomponi 2015" authorityName="Pisera &amp; Pomponi" authorityYear="2015" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wrightae">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FADCC711F582" box="[186,295,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. wrightae</emphasis>
Pisera &amp; Pomponi 2015
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FADCC46BF5A1" box="[440,605,1388,1440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gulf of Mexico</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFADCC500F5A1" box="[631,822,1388,1440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Digitate/Lobate</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FADCC5CFF5A1" box="[852,1017,1388,1440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FADCC297F5A1" box="[1050,1185,1388,1440]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FADCC39DF5A1" box="[1196,1451,1388,1440]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Straight and microspined microrhabds</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FADCC005F5A1" box="[1471,1587,1388,1440]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">9–20</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9857BFADCC1BBF5A1" box="[1607,1933,1388,1440]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Phyllotriaenes, discotriaenes, tetraclone desmas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3B2CA4EFFFE16D98386FA08C1BBF5ED" box="[186,1933,1464,1516]" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="8063A332FFFE16D98386FA08C79DF5ED" box="[186,427,1464,1516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFEE93E8386FA08C791F5ED" authority="(Sutcliffe, Hooper &amp; Pitcher, 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Sutcliffe, Hooper &amp; Pitcher" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="xantha">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFEE93E8386FA08C725F5CE" box="[186,275,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. xantha</emphasis>
(Sutcliffe, Hooper &amp; Pitcher, 2010)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98284FA08C46BF5ED" box="[440,605,1464,1516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Australia</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D9814BFA08C500F5ED" box="[631,822,1464,1516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Encrusting</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98068FA08C5CFF5ED" box="[852,1017,1464,1516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98726FA08C297F5ED" box="[1050,1185,1464,1516]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">–</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98790FA08C39DF5ED" box="[1196,1451,1464,1516]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Straight microrhabds densely spined</td>
<td id="8063A332FFFE16D98683FA08C005F5ED" box="[1471,1587,1464,1516]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">14.7</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="35989B87FFFFE93F8381FEBBC35FF533" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFFE93F8381FEBBC719F124" blockId="25.[189,303,267,293]" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="26757F60FFFFE93F8381FEBBC719F124" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8381FEBBC719F124" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFFE93F8381FE88C5BCF172" blockId="25.[189,1399,312,372]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
The samples fall in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F811DFE88C559F153" authority="Lendenfeld, 1903" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1903" box="[545,879,312,338]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F811DFE88C4A0F153" box="[545,662,312,338]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella</emphasis>
Lendenfeld, 1903
</taxonomicName>
due to the presence of phyllotriaenes in the ectosome and the microscleres constituted by acanthorhabds.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFFE93F8381FE2AC73FF1F7" blockId="25.[189,1399,409,502]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
To date, 20 species belong to the genus, three of which have records in the Atlantic Ocean (
<tableCitation id="3000FDB7FFFFE93F8637FE29C352F1B2" box="[1291,1380,409,435]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="23.[182,251,554,582]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Characteristics of the species of Theonella Gray 1868. The description of Theonella ferruginea Haeckel in Zittel, 1878 is not available (Van Soest et al. 2019)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/29FD9884FFF1E931838AFD9AC4F3F268" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" tableUuid="29FD9884FFF1E931838AFD9AC4F3F268">Table 1</tableCitation>
), while for 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F820FFE0AC57DF1D4" authority="Haeckel in Zittel, 1878" authorityName="Haeckel in Zittel" authorityYear="1878" box="[307,843,442,469]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F820FFE0AC41BF1D4" box="[307,557,442,469]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella ferruginea</emphasis>
Haeckel in Zittel, 1878
</taxonomicName>
the 
<typeStatus id="A23976AEFFFFE93F80BDFE0BC582F1D4" box="[897,948,443,469]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
locality is unknown (
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F8784FE0BC6CBF1F7" author="Van Soest" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Van Soest" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref22306" refString="Van Soest R. W. M., Boury-Esnault N., Hooper J. N. A., Rutzler K., de Voogd N. J., Alvarez B., Hajdu E., Pisera A. B., Manconi R., Sch ˆ nberg C., Klautau M., Kelly M., Vacelet J., Dohrmann M., Diaz M. C., Cardenas P., Carballo J. L., Rios P., Downey R. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2019. World Porifera Database. https: // doi. org / 10.14284 / 359" type="book" year="2019">
Van Soest 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8606FE0BC341F1D5" box="[1338,1399,442,468]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFFE93F8381FDACC2F3F3A7" blockId="25.[189,1399,540,935]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8381FDACC4DBF237" authority="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014" authorityName="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2014" box="[189,749,540,566]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="deliqua">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8381FDACC7A5F237" box="[189,403,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella deliqua</emphasis>
Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F81C5FDADC2F8F237" authority="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014" authorityName="Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2014" box="[761,1230,540,566]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="maricae">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F81C5FDADC541F237" box="[761,887,541,566]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. maricae</emphasis>
Hall, Ekins &amp; Hooper, 2014
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8635FDADC452F256" authority="(Sutcliffe, Hooper &amp; Pitcher, 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Sutcliffe, Hooper &amp; Pitcher" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="xantha">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8635FDADC341F237" box="[1289,1399,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. xantha</emphasis>
(Sutcliffe, Hooper &amp; Pitcher, 2010)
</taxonomicName>
are devoid of megascleres. 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8089FD8DC347F256" authority="Lendenfeld, 1907" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1907" box="[949,1393,573,599]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacerata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8089FD8DC2A3F256" box="[949,1173,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella lacerata</emphasis>
Lendenfeld, 1907
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8381FDD0C7F2F278" authority="Burton, 1928" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1928" box="[189,452,607,633]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupola">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8381FDD0C711F278" box="[189,295,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. cupola</emphasis>
Burton, 1928
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F82C4FDD0C503F278" authority="Dendy, 1922" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" box="[504,821,607,633]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pulchrifolia">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F82C4FDD0C4ABF278" box="[504,669,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. pulchrifolia</emphasis>
Dendy, 1922
</taxonomicName>
differ from our samples because their megascleres are strictly oxeas. 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F82ABFD30C500F29A" authority="Wilson, 1925" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[407,822,640,667]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cylindrica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F82ABFD30C4BBF29B" box="[407,653,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella cylindrica</emphasis>
Wilson, 1925
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8078FD31C2B7F29B" authority="Lendenfeld, 1907" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1907" box="[836,1153,640,666]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levior">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8078FD31C591F29B" box="[836,935,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. levior</emphasis>
Lendenfeld, 1907
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8781FD31C702F2BD" authority="Lim &amp; Tan, 2016" authorityName="Lim &amp; Tan" authorityYear="2016" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laena">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8781FD31C32BF29B" box="[1213,1309,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. laena</emphasis>
Lim &amp; Tan, 2016
</taxonomicName>
have longer strongyles (respectively 600, 500–770 and 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFFFE93F80EFFD12C25DF2BD" box="[979,1131,674,700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="615.0" valueMax="630.0" valueMin="600.0">600–630 µm</quantity>
long) while 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8639FD13C767F2DF" authority="Thiele, 1900" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incerta">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8639FD13C340F2BD" box="[1285,1398,675,700]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. incerta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F8381FD73C767F2DF" author="Thiele" box="[189,337,707,734]" firstAuthor="Thiele" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref22037" refString="Thiele J. 1900. Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 25: 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F82B4FD74C4E4F2DF" authority="(Carter, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[392,722,707,734]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F82B4FD74C410F2DC" box="[392,550,707,733]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. complicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F8109FD74C4FFF2DF" author="Carter" box="[565,713,708,734]" firstAuthor="Carter" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="35 - 61" refId="ref19899" refString="Carter H. J. 1880. Report on specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Capt. W. H. Cawne Warren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (5) 6 (31): 35 - 61." type="journal article" year="1880">Carter, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
have shorter strongyles (respectively 150 and 
<quantity id="BA7A65E9FFFFE93F87CCFD74C341F2DF" box="[1264,1399,708,734]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="105.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="90.0">90–120 µm</quantity>
long). 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8236FD55C49BF301" authority="Wilson, 1925" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[266,685,741,768]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="invaginata">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8236FD55C432F2FE" box="[266,516,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella invaginata</emphasis>
Wilson, 1925
</taxonomicName>
, differs in the morphology (vasiform) and in the presence of microrhabs often with oxeate ends. 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8151FCB6C5D2F321" authority="Gray, 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[621,996,774,801]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8151FCB6C562F321" box="[621,852,774,800]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theonella swinhoei</emphasis>
Gray, 1868
</taxonomicName>
differs in its curved microrhabds and in the rounded extremity (often swollen) of the diactinal megascleres (tylotes) with respect to the straight ones in 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F82B8FCFAC7C5F362" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[388,499,842,867]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F82B8FCFAC7C5F362" box="[388,499,842,867]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. conica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Also, 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8172FCFAC5C4F365" authority="(de Laubenfels, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[590,1010,841,868]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8172FCFAC4EFF362" box="[590,729,841,867]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. mirabilis</emphasis>
(de Laubenfels, 1954)
</taxonomicName>
, from the 
<collectingCountry id="0595889CFFFFE93F874AFCF9C309F362" box="[1142,1343,841,867]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
, has straight acanthorhabds but a “dull carmine red” ectosome, microtuberculated surface and calthrops-like tetraclone desmas. In 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8281FC3DC5B9F3A6" authority="Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson, 2019" authorityName="Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson" authorityYear="2019" box="[445,911,908,935]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="timmi">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8281FC3DC42BF3A7" box="[445,541,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. timmi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F8118FC3CC5B9F3A6" author="Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson" box="[548,911,908,935]" firstAuthor="Samaai" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref21796" refString="Samaai T., Pillay R. &amp; Janson L. 2019. Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa. Zootaxa 4587 (1): 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4587.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">Samaai, Pillay &amp; Janson, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the microrhabds are bent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFFE93F8381FC7CC459F4F3" blockId="25.[189,1399,972,1267]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
The original description of 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8137FC7DC44FF3E7" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[523,633,973,998]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8137FC7DC44FF3E7" box="[523,633,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. conica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is concise and no spicule measurements are given; the species was described from Halmahera, 
<collectingCountry id="0595889CFFFFE93F8100FC5EC487F409" box="[572,689,1006,1032]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, but records in the Indian Ocean and Red Sea are numerous (
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F83F9FBBFC7FAF428" author="Van Soest" box="[197,460,1039,1065]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Van Soest" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref22306" refString="Van Soest R. W. M., Boury-Esnault N., Hooper J. N. A., Rutzler K., de Voogd N. J., Alvarez B., Hajdu E., Pisera A. B., Manconi R., Sch ˆ nberg C., Klautau M., Kelly M., Vacelet J., Dohrmann M., Diaz M. C., Cardenas P., Carballo J. L., Rios P., Downey R. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2019. World Porifera Database. https: // doi. org / 10.14284 / 359" type="book" year="2019">
Van Soest 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F827AFBA0C7B5F428" box="[326,387,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). The material examined fits with the published descriptions of this species. In particular 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F820AFB82C794F44A" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[310,418,1074,1099]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F820AFB82C794F44A" box="[310,418,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. conica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described by 
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F815AFB81C519F44A" author="Ilan" box="[614,815,1073,1099]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ilan" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="388 - 410" refId="ref20966" refString="Ilan M., Gugel J. &amp; Van Soest R. W. M. 2004. Taxonomy, reproduction and ecology of new and known Red Sea sponges. Sarsia 89: 388 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364820410002659" type="journal article" year="2004">
Ilan 
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F81A0FB82C4EEF44A" box="[668,728,1073,1099]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
with strongyles, but no tylotes, and with straight acanthorhabds. They also underlined that the color of the internal part of this species is deep blue. Moreover, 
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F827DFBC4C7F9F48E" author="Levi" box="[321,463,1140,1167]" firstAuthor="Levi" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="3 - 46" refId="ref21223" refString="Levi C. 1958. Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la ' Calypso'. Campagne 1951 - 1952 en Mer Rouge (suite). 11. Spongiaires de Mer Rouge recueillis par la ' Calypso' (1951 - 1952). Annales de l'Institut oceanographique 34 (3): 3 - 46." type="journal article" year="1958">Lévi (1958)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F816FFBC5C4F6F48F" baseAuthorityName="Kieschnick" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[595,704,1141,1166]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theonellidae" genus="Theonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conica">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F816FFBC5C4F6F48F" box="[595,704,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. conica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Red Sea with spicules, fitting in shape and size with the present samples. In the examined specimens, very few desmas have been detected; they can be considered as rare spicules, not always produced by the sponge, as 
<bibRefCitation id="1913B5FDFFFFE93F80FBFB07C250F4D0" author="Thiele" box="[967,1126,1207,1233]" firstAuthor="Thiele" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref22037" refString="Thiele J. 1900. Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 25: 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele (1900)</bibRefCitation>
reported these spicules as being not numerous and scattered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D3DC80CFFFFE93F8381FAA8C35FF533" blockId="25.[189,1385,1304,1331]" box="[189,1385,1304,1331]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
On the sample PO2, the hydroid 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F8102FAA8C4D8F533" box="[574,750,1304,1330]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sphaerocorynidae" genus="Sphaerocoryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FF6141EFFFFE93F8102FAA8C4D8F533" box="[574,750,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Sphaerocoryne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (Class 
<taxonomicName id="BA82B38FFFFFE93F804CFAA8C5D1F533" box="[880,999,1304,1330]" class="Hydrozoa" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">Hydrozoa</taxonomicName>
, Phylum Cnidaria) was detected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>