307 lines
31 KiB
XML
307 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A0A64CA4630CD643AEB11B3915F6564B">Sponge fauna of the New Siberian Shoal: biodiversity and some features of formation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7D5819D02EE358B286B6DC3E2B779522">Sabirov, Rushan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AF69732C136EB4F56C955CD54E50EDEB">Zimina, Olga</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03A287D2FC6441559BE0FE77343D309B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162054472" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A287D2FC6441559BE0FE77343D309B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287D2FC6441559BE0FE77343D309B" lastPageId="9" pageId="8">
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<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6441549BE0FE7736F93490" box="[410,905,436,461]" pageId="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6441549BE0FE7736F93490" blockId="8.[410,905,367,498]" box="[410,905,436,461]" pageId="8">
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<heading id="D0FC81A8FC6441549BE0FE7736F93490" box="[410,905,436,461]" pageId="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549BE0FE7736F93490" ID-CoL="3WLTH" authority="(Carter, 1874)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[410,905,436,461]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Lycopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549BE0FE7737903490" bold="true" box="[410,736,436,461]" italics="true" pageId="8">Lycopodina cupressiformis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC644154988AFE7736F13490" author="Carter HJ" box="[752,897,436,461]" pageId="8" pagination="14" refId="ref12263" refString="Carter HJ. 1874. Descriptions and figures of deep-sea Sponges and their spicules from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine ', chiefly in 1869; with figures and descriptions of some remarkable spicules from the Agulhas Shoal and Colon, Panama. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 4 (14): 207 - 221,245 - 257. pls. XIII-XV." type="journal article" year="1874">Carter, 1874</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6441549843FE14379A34AD" box="[569,746,470,498]" pageId="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6441549843FE14379A34AD" blockId="8.[410,905,367,498]" box="[569,746,470,498]" pageId="8">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13302A41FC644154983BFE1437D334AD" box="[577,675,471,496]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1237,1260]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Lycopodina cupressiformis: (a) cross section; (b) habitus; (c–f1) scanning electron microscope(SEM) images of spicules; (c) large style; (d) microstyle (associated with embryos); (e) forceps; (f, f1) palmate anisochelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654187/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Figure 5</figureCitation>
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(a
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415498C3FE1537B734B2" box="[697,711,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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f1))
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF74664CFC6441549ADAFB1634DD307B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654187" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3654187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654187/files/figure.png" pageId="8" startId="8.[160,225,1237,1260]" targetBox="[163,1153,555,1206]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6441549ADAFB1634DD307B" blockId="8.[160,1157,1236,1320]" pageId="8">
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAFB16358E31B1" bold="true" box="[160,254,1237,1260]" pageId="8">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549B7DFB16377531B1" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[263,517,1237,1260]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Lycopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549B7DFB16377531B1" box="[263,517,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8">Lycopodina cupressiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: (a) cross section; (b) habitus; (c–f1) scanning electron microscope(SEM) images of spicules; (c) large style; (d) microstyle (associated with embryos); (e) forceps; (f, f1) palmate anisochelae.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6441549ADAFAA231F330C6" pageId="8" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6441549ADAFAA231F330C6" blockId="8.[160,1156,1376,1678]" pageId="8">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11EAFC6441549ADAFAA231013024" box="[160,1137,1376,1401]" pageId="8">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA10D5FC6441549ADAFAA231013024" box="[160,1137,1376,1401]" pageId="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549ADAFAA237003024" authority="Carter 1874, p. 215" authorityName="Carter" authorityPageNumber="215" authorityYear="1874" box="[160,624,1377,1401]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Esperia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAFAA234FF3024" box="[160,399,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8">Esperia cupressiformis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549BE2FAA2376C3024" author="Carter HJ" box="[408,540,1377,1401]" pageId="8" pagination="14" refId="ref12263" refString="Carter HJ. 1874. Descriptions and figures of deep-sea Sponges and their spicules from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine ', chiefly in 1869; with figures and descriptions of some remarkable spicules from the Agulhas Shoal and Colon, Panama. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 4 (14): 207 - 221,245 - 257. pls. XIII-XV." type="journal article" year="1874">Carter 1874</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 215
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC644154980AFAA3370D3025" box="[624,637,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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217; pl. XIV, figs 16a
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC644154991EFAA336013025" box="[868,881,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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||
f, 17, 18; pl. XV, fig. 37
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11EAFC6441549ADAFA4031F330C6" box="[160,1155,1411,1435]" pageId="8">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA10D5FC6441549ADAFA4031F330C6" box="[160,1155,1411,1435]" pageId="8">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549ADAFA40364830C6" ID-CoL="6GSPQ" authority=": Levinsen 1887, p. 364" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityPageNumber="364" authorityYear="1887" box="[160,824,1411,1435]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="cupressiformis" variety="robusta">
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAFA40374030C6" box="[160,560,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="8">Esperella cupressiformis var. robusta</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549845FA40379230C6" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[575,738,1411,1435]" pageId="8" pagination="339 - 372" refId="ref13787" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1887. Kara-Havets Svampe (Porifera). Dijmphna-Togtets zoologisk-botaniske Udbytte. 1: 339 - 372. pls XXIX-XXXI." type="journal article" year="1887">Levinsen 1887</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 364
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549942FA40363530C6" box="[824,837,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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||
365; pl. XXIX, figs 10
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549E4BFA40314E30C6" box="[1073,1086,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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||
11; pl.
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6441549ABAFA6536B333D3" pageId="8" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6441549ABAFA6531F4337B" blockId="8.[160,1156,1376,1678]" pageId="8">
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||
XXXI, figs 7
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549B3AFA65343D30E3" box="[320,333,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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||
14, 16a
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<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549BDAFA6534DD30E3" box="[416,429,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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||
c
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11EAFC6441549ADAFA0A31F4337B" pageId="8">
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||
cladorhiza
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA10D5FC6441549B67FA0A310E337B" pageId="8">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549B67FA0A37DE30BC" ID-CoL="3BJ99" authority=": Fristedt 1887, p. 457" authorityName="Fristedt" authorityPageNumber="457" authorityYear="1887" box="[285,686,1481,1505]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549B67FA0A34C630BC" box="[285,438,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="8">cupressiformis</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549BBFFA0A372A30BC" author="Fristedt K" box="[453,602,1481,1505]" pageId="8" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref12790" refString="Fristedt K. 1887. Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vega- Expeditionens Vetenskap Iakttagelser (Nordenskiold). 4: 401 - 471." type="journal article" year="1887">Fristedt 1887</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 457
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415498D4FA0B37CB30BD" box="[686,699,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
458; pl. 25, figs 66
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415499F6FA0B36E930BD" box="[908,921,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
69; pl. 31, fig. 27
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549ADAFA283730335E" authority=": Lambe 1900, p. 21" authorityName="Lambe" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1900" box="[160,576,1515,1539]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fristedtii">
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAFA28342F335E" box="[160,351,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="8">Esperella fristedtii</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549B17FA28348A335E" author="Lambe LM" box="[365,506,1515,1539]" pageId="8" pagination="19 - 49" refId="ref13761" refString="Lambe LM. 1900. Sponges from the coasts of north-eastern Canada and Greenland. Trans R Soc Can. 6: 19 - 49." type="journal article" year="1900">Lambe 1900</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 21
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC644154983AFA28373D335E" box="[576,589,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
22; pl. I, fig. 2a
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC644154988CFA283673335E" box="[758,771,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
h
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549ADAF9CD37A4337B" ID-CoL="H4XF" authority=": Lundbeck 1905, p. 58" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1905" box="[160,724,1550,1574]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAF9CD34A9337B" box="[160,473,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="8">Asbestopluma cupressiformis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549B9FF9CD37E1337B" author="Lundbeck W" box="[485,657,1550,1574]" pageId="8" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref13855" refString="Lundbeck W. 1905. Porifera (Part II.) Desmacidonidae (pars.). In: Hagerup H, editor. The Danish ingolf-expedition (Vol. 6 (2 )). Copenhagen: BiancoLuno; p. 1 - 219." type="book chapter" year="1905">Lundbeck 1905</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 58
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415498AEF9CD3791337B" box="[724,737,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
62; pl. II, figs 11
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415499F7F9CD36EA337B" box="[909,922,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
14; pl. XI, figs 4a
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||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549E35F9CD312C337B" box="[1103,1116,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
f, 5
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6441549ABAF9F236B333D3" blockId="8.[160,1156,1376,1678]" pageId="8">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA10D5FC6441549ABAF9F237B33314" box="[192,707,1584,1609]" pageId="8">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549ABAF9F2343A3314" author="Koltun VM" box="[192,330,1585,1609]" pageId="8" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref13426" refString="Koltun VM. 1959. Kрiмнiрogovыi gubki (iviрныk i daльнivo (tocныk мoрiй CCCР [Siliceous horny sponges of the northern and fareastern seas of the U. S. S. R.]. In: Pavlovsky EN, editor. Identifiers of the USSR fauna issued by the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Vol. 67 Russian. Moscow - Leningrad: Nauka, Academy of Sciences of the USSR; p. 1 - 263" type="book chapter" year="1959">Koltun 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 77
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549BEBF9F334EE3315" box="[401,414,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
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||
78, fig. 32; pl. VII, figs 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415498D2F9F337C53315" box="[680,693,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
4
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA10D5FC64415498ABF9F236A53314" box="[721,981,1585,1609]" pageId="8">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC64415498ABF9F236F13314" author="Hentschel E" box="[721,897,1585,1609]" pageId="8" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref13228" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F, Schaudinn F, Brauer A, Arndt W, editors. Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen Tierformen mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898. Vol. 5 (4) pls XII - XIV. German. Jena: G. Fischer; p. 857 - 1042" type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 934
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11EAFC6441549ADAF99036B333D3" pageId="8">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA10D5FC6441549ADAF99036B333D3" pageId="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549ADAF99037F93336" ID-CoL="6QPJV" authority=": van Soest 2016, p. 328" authorityName="van Soest" authorityPageNumber="328" authorityYear="2016" box="[160,649,1619,1643]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Lycopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAF99034093336" box="[160,377,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="8">Lycopodina robusta</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549BFDF99037443336" author="Van Soest RWM" box="[391,564,1619,1643]" pageId="8" pagination="311 - 326" refId="ref15128" refString="Van Soest RWM. 2016. Sponge-collecting from a drifting ice floe: the Porifera obtained in the Kara Sea by the Dutch Polar Expedition 1882 - 83. Contrib Zool. 85 (3): 311 - 326." type="journal article" year="2016">van Soest 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 328
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415498F3F99037E63336" box="[649,662,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
329, fig. 11a
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC644154995BF990365E3336" box="[801,814,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
e
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6441549ADAF9B537CA33D3" authority=": Hestetun 2017, p. 38" authorityName=": Hestetun" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,698,1654,1678]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Lycopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549ADAF9B534CF33D3" box="[160,447,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="8">Lycopodina cupressiformis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC6441549BB4F9B5370333D3" author="Hestetun JT & Tompkins-Macdonald G & Rapp HT" box="[462,627,1654,1678]" pageId="8" pagination="1 - 69" refId="ref13309" refString="Hestetun JT, Tompkins-Macdonald G, Rapp HT. 2017. A review of carnivorous sponges (Porifera: Cladorhizidae) from the Boreal North Atlantic and Arctic. Zool J Linn Soc. 181: 1 - 69." type="journal article" year="2017">Hestetun 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 38
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC64415498C0F9B537B733D3" box="[698,711,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
43, figs 32
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6441549947F9B5363A33D3" box="[829,842,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="8">–</emphasis>
|
||
33, table 6
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6541559ADAFF4E36D23649" pageId="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFF4E345635FA" blockId="9.[160,1156,141,306]" box="[160,294,141,167]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559ADAFF4E345635FA" bold="true" box="[160,294,141,167]" italics="true" pageId="9">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFF71371D346F" blockId="9.[160,1156,141,306]" pageId="9">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A41FC6541559ADDFF7134773597" box="[167,263,178,202]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1237,1260]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Lycopodina cupressiformis: (a) cross section; (b) habitus; (c–f1) scanning electron microscope(SEM) images of spicules; (c) large style; (d) microstyle (associated with embryos); (e) forceps; (f, f1) palmate anisochelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654187/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) Leaf-shaped, slightly flattened body provided with thin cylindrical peduncle, with a slightly expanded base of attachment. From the main body, numerous small conical appendages (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B21FC6541559BAEFF3437653452" box="[468,533,247,271]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length) protrude. The consistency is soft and elastic. Colour beige. Two specimens examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFEAE347534DA" blockId="9.[160,1155,365,495]" box="[160,261,365,391]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559ADAFEAE347534DA" bold="true" box="[160,261,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="9">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFE51340A34B2" blockId="9.[160,1155,365,495]" pageId="9">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A41FC6541559ADDFE51347534F7" box="[167,261,402,426]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1237,1260]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Lycopodina cupressiformis: (a) cross section; (b) habitus; (c–f1) scanning electron microscope(SEM) images of spicules; (c) large style; (d) microstyle (associated with embryos); (e) forceps; (f, f1) palmate anisochelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654187/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) Skeleton composed of stout spicule axis, surrounded by diffuse network of spicules. Surface appendages also possess a spicule axis at their base but do not connect with the main axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFDE9358F3719" blockId="9.[160,1156,554,788]" box="[160,255,554,580]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559ADAFDE9358F3719" bold="true" box="[160,255,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="9">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFD8C36D23649" blockId="9.[160,1156,554,788]" pageId="9">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A41FC6541559ADDFD8C347B373A" box="[167,267,591,615]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1237,1260]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[163,1153,555,1206]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Lycopodina cupressiformis: (a) cross section; (b) habitus; (c–f1) scanning electron microscope(SEM) images of spicules; (c) large style; (d) microstyle (associated with embryos); (e) forceps; (f, f1) palmate anisochelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654187/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(c
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B64FD8D345B373B" box="[286,299,590,614]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
f1)) Cylindrical, slightly fusiform, straight (sometimes sinuous) styles (or tylostyles) of the main body, dimensions: 564.8
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC65415598A8FDB237AF37D4" box="[722,735,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
700.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559961FDB2365837D4" box="[795,808,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
835.5 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559903FDB236F737D4" box="[889,903,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="9">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 30) × 10.6
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559E56FDB2314937D4" box="[1068,1081,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
13.58
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559E0CFDB231F337D4" box="[1142,1155,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
15.5 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559A98FD57358037F1" box="[226,240,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="9">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20) µm; styles (or ylostyles) of the peduncle (similar to previous in shape), dimensions: 375
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B2DFD7534143793" box="[343,356,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
616.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559BDAFD7534DD3793" box="[416,429,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
769 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B9CFD7434843792" box="[486,500,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="9">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20) × 8.4
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC654155980DFD7537F43793" box="[631,644,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
12.19
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC65415598BBFD7537BE3793" box="[705,718,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
15.4 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559976FD74366A3792" box="[780,794,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="9">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20) µm; palmate anisochelae, dimensions: 20
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B31FD1A342837AC" box="[331,344,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
24
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B0EFD1A34F137AC" box="[372,385,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B21FC6541559BFBFD1A34AE37AC" box="[385,478,729,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="25.4">25.4 µm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B95FD1A348D37AC" box="[495,509,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="9">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 30); forceps centrotylote, with slightly diverging legs, terminating in swellings, often rarely found, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B21FC6541559899FD3F365C3649" box="[739,812,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6541559ADAFC8C310D368C" pageId="9" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFC8C345C3634" blockId="9.[160,1156,847,977]" box="[160,300,847,873]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559ADAFC8C345C3634" bold="true" box="[160,300,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="9">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFCB7310D368C" blockId="9.[160,1156,847,977]" pageId="9">
|
||
The Davis Strait, Baffin Bay, Hudson Bay. The East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7654FC65415598D2FCB7366836D1" box="[680,792,884,908]" name="Greenland" pageId="9">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf, between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7654FC65415599BBFCB7317F36D1" box="[961,1039,884,908]" name="Iceland" pageId="9">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Faroe, northern slope of the Wyville-Thomson Ridge, the Rockall Bank (?). The Barents, Kara and Laptev seas (st. O-20), north of the New Siberian Islands (st. А-70). Depth range:
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B21FC6541559985FC7A3109368C" box="[1023,1145,953,977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.205" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.41" pageId="9" unit="m" value="520.5" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="41.0">
|
||
41
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559E63FC7A3156368C" box="[1049,1062,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="9">–</emphasis>
|
||
1000 m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311654FFC6541559ADAFBCF343D309B" pageId="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFBCF3476317B" blockId="9.[160,1156,1036,1478]" box="[160,262,1036,1062]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559ADAFBCF3476317B" bold="true" box="[160,262,1036,1062]" italics="true" pageId="9">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ADAFBF237413189" blockId="9.[160,1156,1036,1478]" pageId="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6541559ADAFBF234CF3114" authorityName=": Hestetun" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,447,1073,1097]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Lycopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cupressiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559ADAFBF234CF3114" box="[160,447,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="9">Lycopodina cupressiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D47FC6541559B86FBF2363F3114" authority="(Levinsen 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[508,847,1073,1097]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Lycopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lycopodium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEAD6FC6541559B86FBF237E53114" box="[508,661,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="9">L. lycopodium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC65415598D9FBF236383114" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[675,840,1073,1097]" pageId="9" pagination="339 - 372" refId="ref13787" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1887. Kara-Havets Svampe (Porifera). Dijmphna-Togtets zoologisk-botaniske Udbytte. 1: 339 - 372. pls XXIX-XXXI." type="journal article" year="1887">Levinsen 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are fairly eurybathic Arctic species frequently found in the Nordic seas, where their habitat is confined by the bathyal zone. In the western Arctic seas (the Barents, Kara and Laptev seas) they are often recorded in shallow-water areas as well. These distributional peculiarities are reviewed in the Discussion section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB436C4FC6541559ABAFB1D343D309B" blockId="9.[160,1156,1036,1478]" pageId="9">
|
||
Both species exhibit remarkable intraspecific variation, and are supposedly represented by complexes of morphologically close species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B35FC654155993BFAC2314A3044" author="Hestetun JT & Tompkins-Macdonald G & Rapp HT" box="[833,1082,1281,1305]" pageId="9" pagination="1 - 69" refId="ref13309" refString="Hestetun JT, Tompkins-Macdonald G, Rapp HT. 2017. A review of carnivorous sponges (Porifera: Cladorhizidae) from the Boreal North Atlantic and Arctic. Zool J Linn Soc. 181: 1 - 69." type="journal article" year="2017">Hestetun et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is particularly interesting to note some morphological differences between species populations inhabiting the areas to the north and south of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge, which almost completely excludes the exchange of deep water masses of the Nordic seas and Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, it is quite doubtful that gene flow occurs between them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |