291 lines
38 KiB
XML
291 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="BDB06871ADEB869F25F9A5DF712FA4E2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3367.1.23" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5252134" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629788414921" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kogure, Yoichi & Fujita, Yoshihisa" docDate="2012" docId="03BB879CFFDEFF89B9C224FDFB2E99A7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03367p260.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3367 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3367.1.23" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Halityle regularis Fisher 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="259" masterDocId="FF82FFE4FFD8FF8EB955246AFFB39A6F" masterDocTitle="A new species of Neoferdina and three new records of sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) collected from Kumejima Island, southwestern Japan *" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="252" pageNumber="258" updateTime="1699112164067" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="76E1AF1904A2DC45EFC5510828A7626E">A new species of Neoferdina and three new records of sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) collected from Kumejima Island, southwestern Japan *</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F7E231F28ECB7C13933CAB775D9C399">Kogure, Yoichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3162D301B17083A61FAA4A070F047F42">Japan Sea National Fisheries Research Institute, 1 - 5939 - 22 Suido-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951 - 8121, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AF5776B63F433D5A291E5808D420D5BF">Fujita, Yoshihisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0AAD69616022B2D59B633274FF7C6933">University Education Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CD8E299B828E898116177559E7ACE522">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6D104E3D9774D1EE1E3DAD727391F4B7">2012</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C3086501FFDEFF88B9C224FDFD169ABD" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C224FDFDBB9ADE" blockId="6.[151,677,151,246]" box="[151,520,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<heading id="D0E581E6FFDEFF88B9C224FDFDBB9ADE" bold="true" box="[151,520,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDEFF88B9C224FDFDBB9ADE" ID-CoL="6KZ65" authority="Fisher, 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,520,151,177]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
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<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C224FDFDBB9ADE" bold="true" box="[151,520,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C224FDFED89ADE" bold="true" box="[151,363,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Halityle regularis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88B82624FDFDBB9ADE" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[371,520,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref5149" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C224D1FD169ABD" blockId="6.[151,677,151,246]" box="[151,677,186,210]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">[New Japanese name: Ruriiro-mozaiku-hitode]</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3086501FFDEFF88B9C224B4FF589A99" box="[151,235,222,246]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C224B4FF589A99" blockId="6.[151,677,151,246]" box="[151,235,222,246]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13292A0FFFDEFF88B9CA24B4FF509A99" box="[159,227,222,246]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[159,1432,802,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-323@6.[151,1436,794,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5252146/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3086501FFDEFF88B9C2254DFDD69BF7" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C2254DFBD29B34" blockId="6.[151,1436,294,408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211A4FFDEFF88B9C2254DFBD29B34" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88B9C2254DFDB69B53" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[151,517,294,317]" page="211" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1913">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDEFF88B9C2254DFDB69B53" ID-CoL="6KZ65" authority="Fisher, 1913: 211" authorityName="Fisher" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,517,294,317]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
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<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C2254DFEF89B52" box="[151,331,295,317]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Halityle regularis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88B804254CFDB69B53" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[337,517,294,316]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref5149" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913: 211</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88BB5A254CFDCA9B53" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[527,633,294,316]" page="362" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1919">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88BB5A254CFDCA9B53" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[527,633,294,316]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 712" refId="ref5192" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3, 1 - 712." type="journal article" year="1919">1919: 362</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88BBF7254CFCC49B53" author="Doderlein, L." box="[674,887,294,316]" page="108" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1935">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88BBF7254CFCC49B53" author="Doderlein, L." box="[674,887,294,316]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="71 - 110" refId="ref5012" refString="Doderlein, L. (1935) Die Asteriden der Siboga-Expedition. III. Oreasteridae. Siboga-Expedition, 46 (3), 71 - 110." type="journal article" year="1935">Döderlein 1935: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. — A.M.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88BA88254CFB679B53" author="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E." box="[989,1236,294,316]" page="53" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1971">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88BA88254CFB679B53" author="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E." box="[989,1236,294,316]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" refId="ref4808" refString="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E. (1971) Monograph of Shallow-water Indo-West Pacific Echinoderms. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 238 pp." type="book" year="1971">Clark & Rowe 1971: 53</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88BDAB254CFE839B34" author="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M." page="107" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88BDAB254CFE839B34" author="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M." pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref4611" refString="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M. (1976) The rediscovery of Halityle regularis Fisher (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Records of the Western Australian Museum, 4 (2), 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="1976">Baker & Marsh 1976: 107</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88B80C252CFDAE9B34" author="Jangoux, M." box="[345,541,325,347]" page="124" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88B80C252CFDAE9B34" author="Jangoux, M." box="[345,541,325,347]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="109 - 153" refId="ref5390" refString="Jangoux, M. (1986) Les asterides, pp. 109 - 153. In: Guille, A. et al. (Eds.) Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie. ORSTOM, Paris, 238 pp." type="book chapter" year="1986">Jangoux 1986: 124</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. — A.M.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88BBD7252FFC9A9B34" author="Clark, A. M." box="[642,809,325,347]" page="304" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88BBD7252FFC9A9B34" author="Clark, A. M." box="[642,809,325,347]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="187 - 366" refId="ref4747" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea Part 2: Valvatida. pp. 187 - 366. In: Jangoux, M. & Lawrence, J. M. (eds.), Echinoderm Studies, 4. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam. 368 pp." type="book chapter" year="1993">Clark 1993: 304</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88BA06252CFBEE9B34" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[851,1117,325,347]" page="102" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88BA06252CFBEE9B34" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[851,1117,325,347]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" refId="ref5945" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Zoological catalogue of Australia. 33. Echinodermata. CSIRO, Melbourne, 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe & Gates, 1995: 102</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C2250EFDED9B16" blockId="6.[151,1436,294,408]" box="[151,606,355,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211A4FFDEFF88B9C2250EFDED9B16" box="[151,606,355,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88B9C2250EFDE99B16" author="Clark, H. L." box="[151,602,355,378]" page="144" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1914">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDEFF88B9C2250EFDE99B16" ID-CoL="6BQNM" authority="H. L. Clark, 1914: 144" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityPageNumber="144" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,602,355,378]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Culcitaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="anamesus">
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<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C2250EFEC19B16" box="[151,370,356,378]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Culcitaster anamesus</emphasis>
|
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H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88B8F92509FDE99B16" author="Clark, H. L." box="[428,602,355,377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="132 - 173" refId="ref4892" refString="Clark, H. L. (1914) The echinoderms of the Western Australian Museum. Records of the Western Australian Museum and Art Gallery, 1 (3), 132 - 173." type="journal article" year="1914">Clark, 1914: 144</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C225E8FDD69BF7" blockId="6.[151,1436,294,408]" box="[151,613,386,408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211A4FFDEFF88B9C225E8FDD69BF7" box="[151,613,386,408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C225E8FEE99BF7" box="[151,346,386,408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDEFF88B9C225E8FEE59BF7" ID-CoL="6KZ5T" baseAuthorityName="H. L. Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[151,342,386,408]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="anamesus">Halityle anamesus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
|
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— H.L.
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB3109BFFDEFF88B8E125E8FDD29BF7" author="Clark, H. L." box="[436,609,386,408]" page="109" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" year="1946">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88B8E125E8FDD29BF7" author="Clark, H. L." box="[436,609,386,408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 567" refId="ref4928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1946) The echinoderm fauna of Australia. Its composition and its origin. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, 566, 1 - 567." type="journal article" year="1946">Clark, 1946: 109</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3086501FFDEFF88B9C225AFFB24986E" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C225AFFB24986E" blockId="6.[151,1436,453,765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C225AFFE319BB1" bold="true" box="[151,386,453,478]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" reason="1">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
Two specimens, RUMF-ZE-00035 (larger specimen), RUMF-ZE-00036, KUMEJIMA 2009 Stn. Trawl-77, 26°
|
||
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ʹN, 126°
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ʹE,
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,
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<date id="FFAC104AFFDEFF88BAE22583FB27986E" box="[951,1172,489,513]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" value="2009-11-20">20 November 2009</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9922667FC149826" blockId="6.[151,1436,453,765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9922667FEEB9849" bold="true" box="[199,344,525,550]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" reason="1">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Two large specimens with R =
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B6FFFDEFF88BB902667FC88984A" box="[709,827,525,549]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.249" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="124.9">124.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B6FFFDEFF88BA242667FC65984A" box="[881,982,525,549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.03" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="90.3">90.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(R/r = 1.4), and R =
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B6FFFDEFF88BD982667FA87984A" box="[1229,1332,525,549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.83" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="98.3">98.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B6FFFDEFF88BC3E2667FF719826" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2299999999999995" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="72.3">72.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(R/r = 1.4). External features of larger specimen described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B992263FFD4F98DA" blockId="6.[151,1436,453,765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
|
||
Abactinal side inflated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A0FFFDEFF88B883263FFD819802" box="[470,562,597,621]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[159,1432,802,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-323@6.[151,1436,794,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5252146/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abactinal plates covered with fine granule. Conspicuous, triangular papular areas among abactinal plates. Elliptical madreporite with radiating striae situated at approximately one-third r from center of disk. Longest diameter of madreporite
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B6FFFDEFF88BBE126F7FD4B98DA" box="[692,760,669,693]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B99226ABFD8E9892" blockId="6.[151,1436,453,765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Vertical lateral side of body formed by marginal plates. Total numbers of superomarginal and inferomarginal plates 20–22 and 40–44, respectively.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6D6602FFDEFF88B9C2229FFAD49D08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252146" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5252146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5252146/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" startId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" targetBox="[159,1432,802,1765]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF88B9C2229FFAD49D08" blockId="6.[151,1436,1781,1895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B9C2229FFEA59D63" bold="true" box="[151,278,1781,1804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDEFF88B84A229FFDD39D64" authority="Fisher, 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[287,608,1781,1803]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDEFF88B84A229FFE659D64" box="[287,470,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Halityle regularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDEFF88B88A229FFDD39D64" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[479,608,1781,1803]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref5149" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDEFF89B99223FEFB799A98" blockId="6.[151,1436,1940,2036]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,968]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
|
||
Actinal surface composed of regularly arranged actinal plates. Inner plates forming 3 longitudinal series along ambulacral furrow. Rhombic or triangular odd plate placed at proximal part of each series; other plates rectangular in shape. Series of plates adjacent to adambulacral plates extending to near arm tip. Outside these 3 longitudinal series, regularly arranged smaller plates forming 5 longitudinal series; these outer series composed of elliptical or roundish square plates without odd plates. Surface of actinal plate flat, relatively smooth. Eight to 9 actinal plates of each interradial area around mouth, surrounded by relatively large, coarse granules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A0FFFDFFF89BD3124B5FB0E9A98" box="[1124,1213,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[159,1432,802,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-323@6.[151,1436,794,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5252146/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDFFF89B992256EFA2A9B0B" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">
|
||
Adambulacral plate armed with 9–11 long, flat furrow spines. Just behind furrow spines, 3–4 large, domed subambulacral spines covered with coarse granules. These subambulacral spines in very close contact with each other, forming massive bumped shape. Between adambulacral plates, 1–2 large, lanceolate pedicellariae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A0FFFDFFF89BC672526FA3E9B0B" box="[1330,1421,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[159,1432,802,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-323@6.[151,1436,794,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5252146/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086501FFDFFF89B9922505FF459878" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDFFF89B9922505FF459878" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89B9922505FED39BE7" bold="true" box="[199,352,367,392]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A98828FFDFFF89B8CF251AFE799BE7" box="[410,458,368,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F868FFDFFF89BB252505FD109BE8" box="[624,675,367,391]" country="Philippines" name="Sulu" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Sulu</collectingRegion>
|
||
Archipelago in the southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89BD4B2505FB2F9BE8" box="[1054,1180,367,391]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
at depth of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD03FFDFFF89BC762505FAD09BE8" box="[1315,1379,367,391]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CEA9B6FFFDFFF89BC762505FAEC9BE8" box="[1315,1375,367,391]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="16.0">16 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
This species has also been collected from throughout the Indo-West and South Pacific region, including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89BDBB25FEFA289BC3" box="[1262,1435,404,428]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89B9CB25DDFEF39BA0" author="Jangoux, M." box="[158,320,439,463]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="109 - 153" refId="ref5390" refString="Jangoux, M. (1986) Les asterides, pp. 109 - 153. In: Guille, A. et al. (Eds.) Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie. ORSTOM, Paris, 238 pp." type="book chapter" year="1986">Jangoux 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89B82B25DDFE4C9BA0" box="[382,511,439,463]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Western Australia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89BBB725DDFCF29BA0" box="[738,833,439,463]" name="Somalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89BA1925DDFC669BA0" box="[844,981,439,463]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89BD4425D2FBE99BBF" box="[1041,1114,440,464]" name="Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89BD3C25DDFAEE9BA0" author="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M." box="[1129,1373,439,463]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref4611" refString="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M. (1976) The rediscovery of Halityle regularis Fisher (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Records of the Western Australian Museum, 4 (2), 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="1976">Baker & Marsh 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The present study represents the first record of the species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F305761AFFDFFF89BA6725B6FCC69B9C" box="[818,885,476,499]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The distribution range of the species is extended to north.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3086501FFDFFF89B992264EFB2E99A7" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDFFF89B992264EFDD898EB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89B992264EFE889853" bold="true" box="[199,315,548,572]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89B810264EFD8A9853" authority="Fisher, 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[325,569,548,572]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89B810264EFE2C9853" box="[325,415,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Halityle</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89B8FC264EFD8A9853" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[425,569,548,572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref5149" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is a monotypic genus. Hubert Lyman
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89BAAA264EFB219853" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1023,1170,548,572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="1 - 567" refId="ref4928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1946) The echinoderm fauna of Australia. Its composition and its origin. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, 566, 1 - 567." type="journal article" year="1946">Clark (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BC4A264EFE6F9830" authority="H. L. Clark, 1914" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1914" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Culcitaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="anamesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BC4A264EFEB6980F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Culcitaster anamesus</emphasis>
|
||
H. L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89B806262DFE6F9830" author="Clark, H. L." box="[339,476,583,607]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="132 - 173" refId="ref4892" refString="Clark, H. L. (1914) The echinoderms of the Western Australian Museum. Records of the Western Australian Museum and Art Gallery, 1 (3), 132 - 173." type="journal article" year="1914">Clark, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BB5D2622FDD1980F" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[520,610,584,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BB5D2622FDD1980F" box="[520,610,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Halityle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it is regarded as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BD1B2623FB64980F" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[1102,1239,584,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BD1B2623FB64980F" box="[1102,1239,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">H. regularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89BDBD262DFF6198EB" author="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M." pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref4611" refString="Baker, A. N. & Marsh, L. M. (1976) The rediscovery of Halityle regularis Fisher (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Records of the Western Australian Museum, 4 (2), 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="1976">Baker & Marsh 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89B8752606FE1398EB" author="Clark, A. M." box="[288,416,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="187 - 366" refId="ref4747" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea Part 2: Valvatida. pp. 187 - 366. In: Jangoux, M. & Lawrence, J. M. (eds.), Echinoderm Studies, 4. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam. 368 pp." type="book chapter" year="1993">Clark 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89B8FE2606FDED98EB" author="Doderlein, L." box="[427,606,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" pagination="71 - 110" refId="ref5012" refString="Doderlein, L. (1935) Die Asteriden der Siboga-Expedition. III. Oreasteridae. Siboga-Expedition, 46 (3), 71 - 110." type="journal article" year="1935">Döderlein 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAD368AFFDFFF89B99226FAFB2E99A7" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">
|
||
The general appearance of the abactinal surface of this species bears some resemblance to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BC1C26FAFDD698A3" authority="Muller & Troschel, 1842" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Culcitaceae" genus="Culcita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cyatheales" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BC1C26FAFE8198A3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Culcita novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B7BFFDFFF89B86B26DEFDD698A3" author="Muller, J. & Troschel, F. H." box="[318,613,692,716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" refId="ref5743" refString="Muller, J. & Troschel, F. H. (1842) System der Asteriden. Braunschweig, 134 pp." type="book" year="1842">Müller & Troschel, 1842</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is abundant in the coral reefs of the Ryukyu Islands.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BC1726DEFF4E989F" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BC1726DEFF4E989F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Halityle regularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BB1126B2FCB79880" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[580,772,728,752]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Culcitaceae" genus="Culcita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cyatheales" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BB1126B2FCB79880" box="[580,772,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the regularly arranged actinal plates, and the unique colouration. The actinal plates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BB732697FD01997B" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[550,690,764,788]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BB732697FD01997B" box="[550,690,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">H. regularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are smooth and conspicuously tessellated, whereas those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89BCD72696FE819958" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Culcitaceae" genus="Culcita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cyatheales" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89BCD72696FE819958" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are obscure and covered by numerous granules. The base colour of the abactinal and actinal surfaces of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D09FFDFFF89B9E2272FFEF39933" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[183,320,836,860]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Halityle" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA98FFDFFF89B9E2272FFEF39933" box="[183,320,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">H. regularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is dark or light brown. In contrast to this inconspicuous base colour, the ambulacral furrows, and plates around the mouth are vividly coloured. The colouration of the adambulacral plates, mouth plates, and tube feet are bright yellow. The most striking colour is observed around the mouth: 8–9 actinal plates around the mouth plates of each interradial area are coloured cobalt blue with a bright yellow fringe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A0FFFDFFF89BD6D27DAFB2399A7" box="[1080,1168,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[159,1432,802,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-323@6.[151,1436,794,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5252146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5252146/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |