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<document id="CC0EE19B182552D191D52EA20E08184F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5489.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13211341" ID-ZooBank="373DBA20-A1A7-4A2D-856C-67BF13D83C41" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1722790258077" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Okajima, Shûji &amp; Masumoto, Masami" docDate="2024" docId="03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5489.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5489 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5489.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ecacanthothrips andrei Palmer &amp; Mound" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="FFEB40438508C332D925A153A8767142" masterDocTitle="The genus Hoplandrothrips and its relatives (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) from Southeast Asia and Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="22" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1726015607694" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8470BD90EB8DADA0E1AD52864AA04120">The genus Hoplandrothrips and its relatives (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) from Southeast Asia and Taiwan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4309378450AB740611F93C11EC86A77C">Okajima, Shûji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C3616AF6444DEDCCCB20E789D394A830">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034 Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="15781301644E7BF409F8F9B181F20587">Masumoto, Masami</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F2032B03D5ED580FBDCB0AE380E8177">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034 Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="F929140BAF83F08192DF1A8DB63E927D">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection id="C361DAA6850DC337D9B2A219AAEF7227" box="[151,665,842,869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC4892D850DC337D9B2A219AAEF7227" blockId="5.[151,665,842,905]" box="[151,665,842,869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D08C3E41850DC337D9B2A219AAEF7227" bold="true" box="[151,665,842,869]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D9B2A219AAEF7227" ID-CoL="38DHQ" authority="Palmer &amp; Mound" authorityName="Palmer &amp; Mound" box="[151,665,842,869]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D9B2A219AAEF7227" bold="true" box="[151,665,842,869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D9B2A219A9C37227" bold="true" box="[151,437,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Ecacanthothrips andrei</emphasis>
Palmer &amp; Mound
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361DAA6850DC337D9B2A23DA92972CB" box="[151,351,878,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC4892D850DC337D9B2A23DA92972CB" blockId="5.[151,665,842,905]" box="[151,351,878,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
(
<figureCitation id="134095A8850DC337D9BAA23DA97272CB" box="[159,260,878,905]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-32@37.[158,1430,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Ecacanthothrips species. E. andrei 1–2: (1) female; (2) large male. E. brevicornis sp. n. 3–4: (3) female; (4) male. E. claricornis 5–6: (5) female; (6) large male. E. coniger 7–8: (7) female; (8) large male. E. leai 9–11: (9) female; (10) large male; (11) small male. E. moundi 12–13: (12) fmale; (13) large male. E. nigellus: (14) female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134095A8850DC337D835A23DA92172CB" box="[272,343,878,905]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–64" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-32@41.[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–64. Ecacanthothrips andrei. (56) Head and prothorax, female; (57) head and prothorax, large male; (58) antenna, female; (59) antennal segments III–V, female; (60) metanotum and pelta, female; (61) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (62) hind femur, female; (63) sub-basal wing setae, female; (64) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211357/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">56–64</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361DAA6850DC337D9B2A2E0ACB77486" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC4892D850DC337D9B2A2E0AA9C7289" blockId="5.[151,746,947,971]" box="[151,746,947,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6BAE03850DC337D9B2A2E0AA9C7289" box="[151,746,947,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADAAF3C850DC337D9B2A2E0AA907289" author="Palmer, J. M. &amp; Mound, L. A." box="[151,742,947,971]" page="160" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" year="1978">
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D9B2A2E0AA907289" ID-CoL="38DHQ" authority="Palmer &amp; Mound, 1978: 158 - 160" authorityName="Palmer &amp; Mound" authorityPageNumber="158 - 160" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,742,947,971]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D9B2A2E0A9F07289" box="[151,390,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Ecacanthothrips andrei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF4DC850DC337D8A8A2E0AA907289" author="Palmer, J. M. &amp; Mound, L. A." box="[397,742,947,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" pagination="153 - 215" refId="ref50593" refString="Palmer, J. M. &amp; Mound, L. A. (1978) Nine genera of fungus-feeding Phlaeothripidae (Thysanoptera) from the Oriental Region. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology, 37, 153 - 215. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 2242974]" type="journal article" year="1978">Palmer &amp; Mound, 1978: 158–160</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4892D850DC337D9B2A2AAACB77486" blockId="5.[151,1437,1017,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
This species was described from Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DBAFA2AAAA877551" box="[650,753,1017,1043]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DA0DA2AAABEA7551" box="[808,924,1017,1043]" name="Singapore" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, and is included in the
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DD84A2AAAC997551" ID-CoL="6MTC6" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1905" box="[1185,1263,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Idolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DD84A2AAAC997551" box="[1185,1263,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group.
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF4DC850DC337DC6DA2AAA8947575" author="Pelikan, J." pageId="5" pageNumber="27" pagination="297 - 300" refId="ref50654" refString="Pelikan, J. (2000) A new Ecacanthothrips Bagnall, 1909 from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae). Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae (Brno), 85, 297 - 300" type="journal article" year="2000">Pelikan (2000)</bibRefCitation>
examined
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337D87AA54DA9AD7575" box="[351,475,1053,1080]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DB31A54DAA0D7575" box="[532,635,1053,1080]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
of this species collected from
<collectingRegion id="49BF47CF850DC337DAFDA54EAC4E7575" box="[984,1080,1053,1079]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DD61A54EACC27575" box="[1092,1204,1053,1079]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, but did not indicate detailed data. It is now recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DB6FA512AAD87519" box="[586,686,1089,1115]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="49BF47CF850DC337DBC2A512AB607519" box="[743,790,1089,1115]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Bali</collectingRegion>
Is.,
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DA6DA512ABCE7519" box="[840,952,1089,1115]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, for the first time based on a good number of females and males. Although, two other members of the species-group,
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DAFAA536AC2C753D" ID-CoL="38DHT" box="[991,1114,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claricornis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DAFAA536AC2C753D" box="[991,1114,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">claricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DDB7A536AC96753D" ID-CoL="6MTC6" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1905" box="[1170,1248,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Idolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DDB7A536AC96753D" box="[1170,1248,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have more than 10 sense cones (about
<quantity id="4C8324C8850DC337D8BFA5DAA9A375E1" box="[410,469,1161,1187]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="40.0">40 in</quantity>
maximum) on rather enlarged antennal segment III,
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DD14A5DAAC0F75E1" ID-CoL="38DHQ" box="[1073,1145,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DD14A5DAAC0F75E1" box="[1073,1145,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have usually four or five (often three, rarely two) sense cones on comparatively slender segment III (
<figureCitation id="134095A8850DC337DAD1A5FEACE6758A" box="[1012,1168,1197,1224]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–64" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-32@41.[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–64. Ecacanthothrips andrei. (56) Head and prothorax, female; (57) head and prothorax, large male; (58) antenna, female; (59) antennal segments III–V, female; (60) metanotum and pelta, female; (61) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (62) hind femur, female; (63) sub-basal wing setae, female; (64) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211357/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figs 58 &amp; 59</figureCitation>
). Apparently, this sense cone number of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D875A582A9EE75A9" ID-CoL="38DHQ" box="[336,408,1233,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D875A582A9EE75A9" box="[336,408,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to recover a distinction between the genera
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DACCA582ACD475A9" ID-CoL="49CF" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" box="[1001,1186,1233,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DACCA582ACD475A9" box="[1001,1186,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Ecacanthothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DDFFA582ADE375A9" ID-CoL="62V8L" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1242,1429,1233,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplandrothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DDFFA582ADE375A9" box="[1242,1429,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Hoplandrothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the sense cones of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D8FFA5A6AA54744D" ID-CoL="38DHQ" box="[474,546,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D8FFA5A6AA54744D" box="[474,546,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seem not to be homologous with those of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DADFA5A6ACC3744D" ID-CoL="62V8L" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1018,1205,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplandrothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DADFA5A6ACC3744D" box="[1018,1205,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Hoplandrothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species as discussed above, judging from their form and position. This condition of the slender antennal segment III with small number of sense cones in
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D87FA46EA9D47415" ID-CoL="38DHQ" box="[346,418,1341,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D87FA46EA9D47415" box="[346,418,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134095A8850DC337D894A46EAA74741A" box="[433,514,1341,1368]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–64" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-32@41.[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–64. Ecacanthothrips andrei. (56) Head and prothorax, female; (57) head and prothorax, large male; (58) antenna, female; (59) antennal segments III–V, female; (60) metanotum and pelta, female; (61) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (62) hind femur, female; (63) sub-basal wing setae, female; (64) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211357/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
) within
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DB7BA46EAB617415" ID-CoL="49CF" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" box="[606,791,1341,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DB7BA46EAB617415" box="[606,791,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Ecacanthothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could because it evolved from a species that had enlarged segment III with larger number of sense cones, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DA3EA432ABE07439" ID-CoL="38DHT" box="[795,918,1377,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claricornis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DA3EA432ABE07439" box="[795,918,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">claricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134095A8850DC337DA8DA432AB887439" box="[936,1022,1377,1403]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–83" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-32@43.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 75–83. Ecacanthothrips claricornis. (75) fore leg, female; (76) head and prothorax, female; (77) head and prothorax, large male; (78) antenna, female; (79) antennal segments III–V, female; (80) metanotum and pelta, female; (81) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (82) hind femur, female; (83) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211363/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
), but is now the result of secondary reduction during evolution. In essence, amongst the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DA0BA4D6AB9174DD" ID-CoL="49CF" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" box="[814,999,1413,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DA0BA4D6AB9174DD" box="[814,999,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Ecacanthothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the condition of antennal segment and sense cones of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D865A4FAA9FE7481" ID-CoL="38DHQ" box="[320,392,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D865A4FAA9FE7481" box="[320,392,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an autapomorphy, not a plesiomorphy inherited from
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DADAA4FAACCC7481" ID-CoL="62V8L" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1023,1210,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplandrothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DADAA4FAACCC7481" box="[1023,1210,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Hoplandrothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361DAA6850DC337D9E2A49EA9F5769D" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC4892D850DC337D9E2A49EAA1377DE" blockId="5.[151,1437,1017,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
Structural variation of this species is very similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DA7EA49EABDF74A5" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1905" box="[859,937,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Idolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DA7EA49EABDF74A5" box="[859,937,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it is mainly size related variation, and there is no conspicuous geographical variation. Similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DA6CA4A2ABB27749" box="[841,964,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claricornis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DA6CA4A2ABB27749" box="[841,964,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">claricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DAF4A4A2AC6F7749" box="[977,1049,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DAF4A4A2AC6F7749" box="[977,1049,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the pelta bell-shaped, only one stout seta with blunt or dilated apex on each mid and hind femur in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="134095A8850DC337DD2CA746AC2A776D" box="[1033,1116,1557,1583]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–64" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-32@41.[202,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–64. Ecacanthothrips andrei. (56) Head and prothorax, female; (57) head and prothorax, large male; (58) antenna, female; (59) antennal segments III–V, female; (60) metanotum and pelta, female; (61) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (62) hind femur, female; (63) sub-basal wing setae, female; (64) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211357/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
), and has the anteromarginal pronotal setae elongate, much longer than anteroangular setae in large male. In consequence,
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DD8DA76AAC867711" box="[1192,1264,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DD8DA76AAC867711" box="[1192,1264,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is undoubtedly more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337D8B8A70EAA6E7735" box="[413,536,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claricornis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D8B8A70EAA6E7735" box="[413,536,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">claricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DB56A70EAAB77735" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1905" box="[627,705,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Idolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DB56A70EAAB77735" box="[627,705,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DA4DA70EABC67735" box="[872,944,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DA4DA70EABC67735" box="[872,944,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DAC3A70EAC177735" box="[998,1121,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ecacanthothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claricornis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DAC3A70EAC177735" box="[998,1121,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">claricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have allopatric distribution, although both are sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF2AE850DC337DB35A7D2AA2877D9" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1905" box="[528,606,1665,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Idolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DB35A7D2AA2877D9" box="[528,606,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4892D850DC337D9E2A7F5A9F5769D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1017,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D9E2A7F5A9CF77FD" box="[199,441,1701,1728]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337D8E7A7F6AC9977FD" box="[450,1263,1701,1728]" collectingDate="1976-07-26" collectingDateMax="1990-08-28" collectingDateMin="1976-07-26" collectorName="Cameron Highland &amp; Tanah Rata" country="Malaysia" county="Tapah" location="Robinson" municipality="Templer Park" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="66" specimenCount-female="38" specimenCount-male="28" stateProvince="Kuala Lumpur">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D8E7A7F6AA3577FD" bold="true" box="[450,579,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Peninsular</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DB69A7F6AACF77FD" bold="true" box="[588,697,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DB69A7F6AACF77FD" box="[588,697,1701,1727]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingCounty id="62A5F1A1850DC337DBEDA7F6AB7977FD" box="[712,783,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Tapah</collectingCounty>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DA39A7F6AB1B77FD" box="[796,877,1701,1727]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, on dead leaves,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DD16A7F6ACC377FD" box="[1075,1205,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1976-07-26">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DD16A7F6ACC377FD" box="[1075,1205,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1976-07-26">26.vii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
, SO;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337DDDDA7F6AD5977A1" collectingDate="1976-07-26" collectingDateMax="1990-08-28" collectingDateMin="1976-07-26" collectorName="Cameron Highland &amp; Tanah Rata" country="Malaysia" county="Tapah" location="Robinson" municipality="Templer Park" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="66" specimenCount-female="38" specimenCount-male="28" stateProvince="Kuala Lumpur">
about
<quantity id="4C8324C8850DC337DC1AA7F6AD0977FD" box="[1343,1407,1701,1727]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="20.0">
<locationDeviation id="9A76900F850DC337DC1AA7F6AD0977FD" box="[1343,1407,1701,1727]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="20.0">20km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
N from Kuala Lumpur,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA01357850DC337D8A1A79AAA6877A1" box="[388,542,1737,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Templer Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DB0CA79AAAD577A1" box="[553,675,1737,1763]" count="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">37 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DBFCA79AAB3677A1" box="[729,832,1737,1763]" count="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">27 males</specimenCount>
, on dead leaves,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DAD8A79AACC677A6" box="[1021,1200,1737,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1990-08-11" valueMax="1990-08-15" valueMin="1990-08-11">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DAD8A79AACC677A6" box="[1021,1200,1737,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1990-08-11" valueMax="1990-08-15" valueMin="1990-08-11">11–15.viii.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337DC13A79AADEE7645" collectingDate="1976-07-26" collectingDateMax="1990-08-28" collectingDateMin="1976-07-26" collectorName="Cameron Highland &amp; Tanah Rata" country="Malaysia" county="Tapah" location="Robinson" municipality="Templer Park" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="66" specimenCount-female="38" specimenCount-male="28" stateProvince="Kuala Lumpur">
<collectorName id="268EECFB850DC337DC13A79AA9747645" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Cameron Highland</collectorName>
, nr.
<collectorName id="268EECFB850DC337D813A7BEA9CC764A" box="[310,442,1773,1800]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Tanah Rata</collectorName>
,
<location id="8EA4DFF6850DC337D8EDA7BEAA457645" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D:8EA4DFF6850DC337D8EDA7BEAA457645" box="[456,563,1773,1799]" country="Malaysia" county="Tapah" municipality="Templer Park" name="Robinson" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Kuala Lumpur">Robinson</location>
water fall,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DB9EA7BEAB547645" box="[699,802,1773,1799]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, on dead leaves and branches,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DDAEA7BEAD637645" box="[1163,1301,1773,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1990-08-28">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DDAEA7BEAD637645" box="[1163,1301,1773,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1990-08-28">28.viii.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337D9B2A642ADEE7669" box="[151,1432,1809,1836]" collectingDate="1990-08-07" collectorName="Palmae" country="Singapore" location="Macritchie Res." pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D9B2A642A9667669" bold="true" box="[151,272,1809,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337D9B2A642A9667669" box="[151,272,1809,1835]" name="Singapore" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Singapore</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="8EA4DFF6850DC337D83BA642A9A5766E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D:8EA4DFF6850DC337D83BA642A9A5766E" box="[286,467,1809,1836]" country="Singapore" name="Macritchie Res." pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Macritchie Res.</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337D8FAA642AA357669" box="[479,579,1809,1835]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, on dead
<collectorName id="268EECFB850DC337DB8BA642AB767669" box="[686,768,1809,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Palmae</collectorName>
fronds,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DA7BA642ABB57669" box="[862,963,1809,1835]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, on dead branches,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DD85A642AD6A7669" box="[1184,1308,1809,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1990-08-07">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DD85A642AD6A7669" box="[1184,1308,1809,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1990-08-07">7.viii.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337D9B2A666ACB2760D" box="[151,1220,1845,1872]" collectingDate="2005-09-03" country="Indonesia" county="Is." location="Bengkel" municipality="Tabanan" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Bali">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337D9B2A666A97A760D" bold="true" box="[151,268,1845,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337D9B2A666A97A760D" box="[151,268,1845,1871]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BF47CF850DC337D83CA666A93E760D" box="[281,328,1845,1871]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Bali</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="62A5F1A1850DC337D868A665A91C7612" box="[333,362,1846,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Is.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA01357850DC337D850A666A9A0760D" box="[373,470,1845,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Tabanan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA4DFF6850DC337D8C4A666AA37760D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D:8EA4DFF6850DC337D8C4A666AA37760D" box="[481,577,1845,1871]" country="Indonesia" county="Is." municipality="Tabanan" name="Bengkel" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Bali">Bengkel</location>
,
<location id="8EA4DFF6850DC337DB6EA665AB6C760D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D:8EA4DFF6850DC337DB6EA665AB6C760D" box="[587,794,1845,1872]" country="Indonesia" county="Is." municipality="Tabanan" name="Pura Batu Selahan" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Bali">Pura Batu Selahan</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DA01A666ABF9760D" box="[804,911,1845,1871]" count="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DAE1A666AC6A760D" box="[964,1052,1845,1871]" count="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DD03A666ACE47612" box="[1062,1170,1845,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="2005-09-03">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DD03A666ACE47612" box="[1062,1170,1845,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="2005-09-03">3.ix.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, SO
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337DDEBA666AC0E7631" collectingDate="1991-08-23" collectingDateMax="1992-09-14" collectingDateMin="1991-08-23" country="Thailand" county="Rang Hill" location="Mae Sa" municipality="Tonesai" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="55" specimenCount-female="31" specimenCount-male="24" stateProvince="Phuket">
<emphasis id="B90F553F850DC337DDEBA666AD4D760D" bold="true" box="[1230,1339,1845,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry id="F36CC9BD850DC337DDEBA666AD4D760D" box="[1230,1339,1845,1871]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Thailand</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BF47CF850DC337DC62A666ADEE760D" box="[1351,1432,1845,1871]" country="Thailand" name="Phuket" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Phuket</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62A5F1A1850DC337D9B2A609A97E7631" box="[151,264,1881,1908]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Rang Hill</collectingCounty>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337D831A60AA9F97631" box="[276,399,1881,1907]" count="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">12 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337D8E3A60AAA567631" box="[454,544,1881,1907]" count="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">9 males</specimenCount>
, on dead leaves and branches,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DA59A60AAB807631" box="[892,1014,1881,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1992-09-14">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DA59A60AAB807631" box="[892,1014,1881,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1992-09-14">14.ix.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337DD5AA60AAB3376D5" collectingDate="1991-08-23" collectingDateMax="1992-09-14" collectingDateMin="1991-08-23" country="Thailand" county="Rang Hill" location="Mae Sa" municipality="Tonesai" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="55" specimenCount-female="31" specimenCount-male="24" stateProvince="Phuket">
<collectingRegion id="49BF47CF850DC337DD5AA60AACA67631" box="[1151,1232,1881,1907]" country="Thailand" name="Phuket" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Phuket</collectingRegion>
, nr.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA01357850DC337DC25A60AAD217631" box="[1280,1367,1881,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Tonesai</collectingMunicipality>
water fall,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337D9EFA62EA95C76D5" box="[202,298,1917,1943]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337D87BA62EA9DD76D5" box="[350,427,1917,1943]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, on bamboo,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337DB1AA62EAABF76D5" box="[575,713,1917,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1991-08-23">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337DB1AA62EAABF76D5" box="[575,713,1917,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1991-08-23">23.viii.1991</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337DA6EA62DAADC76F9" collectingDate="1991-08-23" collectingDateMax="1992-09-14" collectingDateMin="1991-08-23" country="Thailand" county="Rang Hill" location="Mae Sa" municipality="Tonesai" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="55" specimenCount-female="31" specimenCount-male="24" stateProvince="Phuket">
same locality above,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DD10A62EACD876D5" box="[1077,1198,1917,1944]" count="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">15 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DDC6A62EAD4D76D5" box="[1251,1339,1917,1943]" count="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
, on dead leaves and branches,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337D8A3A6F2AA5F76F9" box="[390,553,1953,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1992-09-11" valueMax="1992-09-12" valueMin="1992-09-11">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337D8A3A6F2AA5F76F9" box="[390,553,1953,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1992-09-11" valueMax="1992-09-12" valueMin="1992-09-11">11–12.ix.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B138370850DC337DB95A6F1A909769D" collectingDate="1991-08-23" collectingDateMax="1992-09-14" collectingDateMin="1991-08-23" country="Thailand" county="Rang Hill" location="Mae Sa" municipality="Tonesai" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="55" specimenCount-female="31" specimenCount-male="24" stateProvince="Phuket">
nr.
<collectingRegion id="49BF47CF850DC337DBF1A6F2AB2A76F9" box="[724,860,1953,1979]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EA4DFF6850DC337DA4DA6F1ABC976F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2383B850DC337D9B2A219A9F5769D:8EA4DFF6850DC337DA4DA6F1ABC976F9" box="[872,959,1953,1980]" country="Thailand" county="Rang Hill" municipality="Tonesai" name="Mae Sa" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Phuket">Mae Sa</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DAEEA6F2AC4176F9" box="[971,1079,1953,1979]" count="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7D42A4850DC337DD4BA6F2ACB176F9" box="[1134,1223,1953,1979]" count="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
, on dead branches,
<date id="FFC5AFED850DC337D9B2A696A975769D" box="[151,259,1989,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1992-09-06">
<collectingDate id="EF815605850DC337D9B2A696A975769D" box="[151,259,1989,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" value="1992-09-06">6.ix.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, TN &amp; SO
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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