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<mods:title id="85A74A004E4622D6E9B522B8CF506CF1">Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Steinera (Arctomiales, Arctomiaceae) in the subantarctic islands of Crozet and Kerguelen</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="7B207D685D54020CAEB4A026FD59FDBA" blockId="32.[136,707,554,581]" box="[136,707,554,581]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAEB4A026FF63FDBB" bold="true" box="[136,249,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Steinera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAF3CA026FD25FDBA" ID-CoL="4ZPHX" authority="(Tuck.) T. Sprib. &amp; Muggia" authorityName="T. Sprib. &amp; Muggia" baseAuthorityName="Tuck." box="[256,703,554,581]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Koerberiaceae" genus="Steinera" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="symptychia">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAF3CA026FE1BFDBA" bold="true" box="[256,385,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">symptychia</emphasis>
(Tuck.) T. Sprib. &amp; Muggia
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,
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<paragraph id="7B207D685D54020CAEB4A05EFE41FD50" blockId="32.[136,1451,594,687]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
<bibCitation id="AEB575045D54020CAEB4A05EFE5AFD98" box="[136,448,594,615]" journal="Fungal Diversity" page="182" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" score="194.61728783222864" volume="58" year="2013">Fungal Diversity 58: 182 (2013)</bibCitation>
. Basionym:
<treatmentCitation id="FA3E5B795D54020CAC0AA05EFB7FFD98" author="Tuck." box="[566,1253,594,615]" journal="Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci." page="168" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" score="73.79362050762336" volume="12" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAC0AA05EFBCAFD98" authority="Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci." box="[566,1104,594,615]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Pannaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="symptychia">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAC0AA05EFC98FD98" box="[566,770,594,615]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Pannaria symptychia</emphasis>
Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci.
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12: 168 (1877)
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="FA3E5B795D54020CAAD2A05EFC93FD74" author="P. M. Jorg." journal="Bibliotheca Lichenologica" page="233" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" score="0.008756614515523065" volume="88" year="2004">
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAAD2A05EFDE8FD74" authority="(Tuck.) P. M. Jorg., Bibliotheca Lichenologica" authorityName="P. M. Jorg., Bibliotheca Lichenologica" baseAuthorityName="Tuck." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Degelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="symptychia">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAAD2A05EFA31FD98" box="[1262,1451,594,615]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Degelia symptychia</emphasis>
(Tuck.) P.M. Jørg., Bibliotheca Lichenologica
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88: 233 (2004)
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. Type:—
<collectingCountry id="03883DF85D54020CAD63A07AFC32FD74" box="[863,936,630,651]" name="Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">CHILE</collectingCountry>
. Juan Fernández,
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAA6EA07AFB14FD74" box="[1106,1166,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">T. Hill</emphasis>
(Hassler Exp. 1876;
<typeStatus id="A424C3CA5D54020CAB6BA07AFA31FD74" box="[1367,1451,630,651]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
FH, seen by
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAF0BA096FE4AFD50" author="Jorgensen, P. M." box="[311,464,666,687]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="229 - 253" refId="ref28763" refString="Jorgensen, P. M. (2004) Further contributions to the Pannariaceae (lichenized Ascomycetes) of the Southern Hemisphere. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 88: 229 - 253." type="journal article" year="2004">Jørgensen 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B207D685D54020CAEB4A0ECFABDFBE6" blockId="32.[136,1452,736,1049]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAEB4A0ECFF52FD06" box="[136,200,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Notes</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAEDFA0ECFE54FD06" box="[227,462,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
Steinera
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAF6CA0ECFE54FD06" box="[336,462,736,761]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Degelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="symptychia">symptychia</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CACBFA0ECFCBFFD06" box="[643,805,736,761]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Koerberiaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Koerberiaceae</taxonomicName>
but is phylogenetically distinct from all other genera in the family (Fig. 2). The species, known from the southern South America and
<collectingCountry id="03883DF85D54020CADC4A108FB14FCE2" box="[1016,1166,772,797]" name="New Zealand" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAAA1A108FACBFCE2" author="Jorgensen, P. M." box="[1181,1361,772,797]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="229 - 253" refId="ref28763" refString="Jorgensen, P. M. (2004) Further contributions to the Pannariaceae (lichenized Ascomycetes) of the Southern Hemisphere. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 88: 229 - 253." type="journal article" year="2004">Jørgensen 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAB60A108FF5EFCBE" author="Fryday, A. M." pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref28175" refString="Fryday, A. M. (2007) Additional lichen records from New Zealand 46 Degelia symptychia (Tuck.) P. M. Jorg. Australasian Lichenology 60: 4 - 5." type="journal article" year="2007">Fryday 2007</bibRefCitation>
), is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAC10A124FD3BFCBE" authorityName="Ertz, R. S. Poulsen &amp; Sochting" authorityYear="2017" box="[556,673,808,833]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Koerberiaceae" genus="Henssenia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAC10A124FD3BFCBE" box="[556,673,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Henssenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs by a large foliose thallus and by large apothecia that are sessile with a thick, raised proper margin and by an I+ deep blue hymenium (
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAA38A140FABFFC9A" author="Jorgensen, P. M. &amp; James, P. W." box="[1028,1317,844,869]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="253 - 276" refId="ref28674" refString="Jorgensen, P. M. &amp; James, P. W. (1990) Studies in the lichen family Pannariaceae IV: The genus Degelia. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 38: 253 - 276." type="journal article" year="1990">Jørgensen &amp; James 1990</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAB6FA140FF68FC76" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Degelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAB6FA140FF68FC76" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Degelia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAF37A17CFDA5FC76" author="Spribille, T. &amp; Muggia, L." box="[267,575,880,905]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref30553" refString="Spribille, T. &amp; Muggia, L. (2013) Expanded taxon sampling disentangles evolutionary relationships and reveals a new family in Peltigerales (Lecanoromycetidae, Ascomycota). Fungal Diversity 58: 171 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13225 - 012 - 0206 - 5" type="journal article" year="2013">Spribille &amp; Muggia (2013)</bibRefCitation>
found that
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CACFAA17CFC3CFC76" box="[710,934,880,905]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Degelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="symptychia">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CACFAA17CFC3CFC76" box="[710,934,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Degelia symptychia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was phylogenetically related to
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAB20A17CFAE3FC76" authorityName=", Henssen &amp; James" authorityYear="1982" box="[1308,1401,880,905]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Koerberiaceae" genus="Steinera" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAB20A17CFAE3FC76" box="[1308,1401,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Steinera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and subsequently combined the species into that genus. However, as shown here,
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CADE3A198FBA6FC52" authorityName=", Henssen &amp; James" authorityYear="1982" box="[991,1084,916,941]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Koerberiaceae" genus="Steinera" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CADE3A198FBA6FC52" box="[991,1084,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Steinera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAADEA198FAE4FC52" box="[1250,1406,916,941]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Arctomiaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arctomiales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Arctomiaceae</taxonomicName>
and in our phylogeny the species is recovered as being probably better placed in its own genus, but further data are needed to confirm this.
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAF06A1D0FD63FC0A" authority="(Nyl.) P. M. Jorg." authorityName="P. M. Jorg." baseAuthorityName="Nyl." box="[314,761,988,1013]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Degelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subcincinnata">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAF06A1D0FDADFC0A" box="[314,567,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Degelia subcincinnata</emphasis>
(Nyl.) P.M. Jørg.
</taxonomicName>
is likely closely related to
<taxonomicName id="BC9F06EB5D54020CAA12A1D0FA80FC0A" box="[1070,1306,988,1013]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Koerberiaceae" genus="Steinera" kingdom="Fungi" order="Peltigerales" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="symptychia">
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAA12A1D0FB11FC0A" box="[1070,1163,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Steinera</emphasis>
<emphasis id="49EBA17A5D54020CAAA0A1D0FA80FC0A" box="[1180,1306,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">symptychia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAEB4A60CFED3FBE6" author="Jorgensen, P. M." box="[136,329,1024,1049]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="229 - 253" refId="ref28763" refString="Jorgensen, P. M. (2004) Further contributions to the Pannariaceae (lichenized Ascomycetes) of the Southern Hemisphere. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 88: 229 - 253." type="journal article" year="2004">Jørgensen (2004)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="1F0E00995D54020CAFBCA60CFD35FBE6" author="Spribille, T. &amp; Muggia, L." box="[384,687,1024,1049]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref30553" refString="Spribille, T. &amp; Muggia, L. (2013) Expanded taxon sampling disentangles evolutionary relationships and reveals a new family in Peltigerales (Lecanoromycetidae, Ascomycota). Fungal Diversity 58: 171 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13225 - 012 - 0206 - 5" type="journal article" year="2013">Spribille &amp; Muggia (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, but molecular data are needed to verify this hypothesis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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