473 lines
64 KiB
XML
473 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="A8C4438DEFC2DFAF93E64AA33C5305C3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210771" ID-ZooBank="50AC1672-FC20-4502-8D8A-4BCAE95F719B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1722789583779" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Mathis, Wayne N." docDate="2024" docId="03D187B73A667B6BFF4EF8BD5469F86C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5487.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5487 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFE8FFCF3A537B53FFD9FFE4576AFFFA" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1723232655805" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:title id="4A8BD2E4FA61EF5ADE252C82380A1740">Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="88463A8575032CE71C6D40948E547846">Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4FCD6732DFFC42B8F573CFAA23B54213">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="015973E9290CCE3A16D6E2FE78CB8A65">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="23D1D353B34D6546AEC6CD686731C5D7">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 & Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 & Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="08C533D1DB744401CC4105ED672EB25A">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C362652A3A667B66FF4EF8BD552EF889" box="[151,580,1881,1908]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC736A13A667B66FF4EF8BD552EF889" blockId="53.[151,580,1881,1943]" box="[151,580,1881,1908]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A667B66FF4EF8BD552EF889" bold="true" box="[151,580,1881,1908]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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13.
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A667B66FF1AF8BD552EF889" ID-CoL="4V453" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[195,580,1881,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A667B66FF1AF8BD56B3F88E" bold="true" box="[195,473,1881,1908]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Scatophila tuberculosa</emphasis>
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Cresson
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C362652A3A667B66FF4EF89956CFF86D" box="[151,421,1917,1943]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC736A13A667B66FF4EF89956CFF86D" blockId="53.[151,580,1881,1943]" box="[151,421,1917,1943]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<figureCitation id="13432A243A667B66FF4EF899566BF86D" box="[151,257,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs. 108</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13432A243A667B66FED4F899561AF86D" box="[269,368,1917,1943]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 110" captionStart-1="FIGURES 111–114" captionStart-2="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId-0="54.[151,250,1228,1252]" captionStartId-1="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionStartId-2="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetBox-2="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId-0="figure-199@54.[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetId-1="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetId-2="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId-0="54" captionTargetPageId-1="55" captionTargetPageId-2="56" captionText-0="FIGURE 110. Distribution map of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. (squares), S. tuberculosa Cresson (triangles), and S. variofacialis Sturtevant & Wheeler (circles)." captionText-1="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210849" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210849/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">110–118</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A667B66FEA2F89956CFF86D" box="[379,421,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant & Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">120</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C362652A3A667B65FF4EF8265249FF16" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC736A13A667B66FF4EF826542AF802" blockId="53.[151,1437,1986,2040]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB68118F3A667B66FF4EF826542AF802" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A667B66FF4EF826550BF820" author="Cresson, E. T., Jr." box="[151,609,1986,2010]" page="368" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" year="1935">
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A667B66FF4EF826550BF820" ID-CoL="4V453" authority="Cresson 1935: 368" authorityName="Cresson" authorityPageNumber="368" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,609,1986,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A667B66FF4EF82656E2F820" box="[151,392,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Scatophila tuberculosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A667B66FE4FF826550BF820" author="Cresson, E. T., Jr." box="[406,609,1986,2010]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="345 - 372" refId="ref69519" refString="Cresson, E. T., Jr. (1935) Descriptions of genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 61, 345 - 372." type="journal article" year="1935">Cresson 1935: 368</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A667B66FDA6F8265490F820" author="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R." box="[639,1018,1986,2010]" page="199" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" year="1954">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A667B66FDA6F8265490F820" author="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R." box="[639,1018,1986,2010]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 199</bibRefCitation>
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[synonymy with
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A667B66FB1BF8265678F802" ID-CoL="4V454" authority="Czerny" authorityName="Czerny" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A667B66FB1BF82652F7F823" box="[1218,1437,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Scatophila unicornis</emphasis>
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Czerny
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</taxonomicName>
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].—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A667B66FEEFF80455FDF802" author="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T." box="[310,663,2016,2040]" page="286" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A667B66FEEFF80455FDF802" author="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T." box="[310,663,2016,2040]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref70301" refString="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). International Memoirs on Entomology, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 286</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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[world catalog].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC736A13A657B65FF4EFF735249FF16" blockId="54.[151,1437,150,236]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB68118F3A657B65FF4EFF735249FF16" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A657B65FF4EFF7355BDFF55" author="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R." box="[151,727,150,175]" page="188" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1954">
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A657B65FF4EFF7355BDFF55" ID-CoL="4V43M" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 188" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,727,150,175]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
|
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FF4EFF735609FF54" box="[151,355,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Scatophila carinata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A657B65FEB4FF7355BDFF55" author="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R." box="[365,727,150,175]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 188</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A657B65FD3FFF735412FF55" box="[742,888,151,175]" name="United States of America" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">United States</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A657B65FC5DFF7354D0FF54" box="[900,954,151,174]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
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. Story: Ames (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A657B65FB83FF7353AEFF55" box="[1114,1220,151,175]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="02.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="92" value="42.035">42°02.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A657B65FB0BFF735229FF55" box="[1234,1347,151,175]" degrees="93" direction="west" minutes="37.2" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="92" value="-93.62">93°37.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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); HT
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<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A657B65FA5AFF7352F2FF54" box="[1411,1432,151,174]" count="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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, USNM].—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A657B65FEECFF51556AFF37" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[309,512,181,205]" page="109" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A657B65FEECFF51556AFF37" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[309,512,181,205]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="103 - 126" refId="ref69700" refString="Deonier, D. L. (1964) Keys to the shore flies of Iowa (Diptera, Ephydridae). Iowa State Journal of Science, 39 (2), 103 - 126." type="journal article" year="1964">Deonier 1964: 109</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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[key; figure of head;
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<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A657B65FD2FFF525444FF37" box="[758,814,182,205]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Iowa</collectingRegion>
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]; 1965: 498 [natural history].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A657B65FB5BFF515259FF37" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[1154,1331,181,205]" page="758" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1965">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A657B65FB5BFF515259FF37" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[1154,1331,181,205]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="734 - 759" refId="ref70987" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1965) Ephydridae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. W. & Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Handbook 276. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 734 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1965">Wirth 1965: 758</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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[
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A657B65FA9DFF5152F7FF37" box="[1348,1437,181,205]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
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catalog].—
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A657B65FEEDFF305575FF16" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[308,543,212,236]" page="291" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A657B65FEEDFF305575FF16" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[308,543,212,236]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref71260" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. (1987) New synonyms and records of Palearctic Scatophila (Diptera, Ephydridae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 57 (2), 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1987">Zatwarnicki 1987: 291</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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[checklist].—
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A657B65FD77FF305365FF16" author="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T." box="[686,1039,212,236]" page="281" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A657B65FD77FF305365FF16" author="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T." box="[686,1039,212,236]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref70301" refString="Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). International Memoirs on Entomology, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 281</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[world catalog].
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FB64FF305249FF16" bold="true" box="[1213,1315,212,236]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Syn. Nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A657B6BFF4EFEFE5469F86C" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A657B65FF4EFEFE5251FEA3" blockId="54.[151,1437,282,561]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Body brown to blackish brown with some grayish microtomentose areas; small shore flies, body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C809B443A657B65FB49FEDA525CFEA3" box="[1168,1334,318,345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.3">1.30–1.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A657B65FF1EFE865249FDCB" blockId="54.[151,1437,282,561]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FF1EFE86566EFE86" box="[199,260,354,380]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FECAFE8656D3FE86" box="[275,441,354,380]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 110" captionStart-1="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId-0="54.[151,250,1228,1252]" captionStartId-1="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId-0="figure-199@54.[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetId-1="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId-0="54" captionTargetPageId-1="55" captionText-0="FIGURE 110. Distribution map of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. (squares), S. tuberculosa Cresson (triangles), and S. variofacialis Sturtevant & Wheeler (circles)." captionText-1="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210849" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210849/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 110–114</figureCitation>
|
||
): Lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta moderately far forward, distance between lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta and medial vertical seta about double distance between medial and lateral vertical setae; gena high, approximately twice height of basal flagellomere; ventral margin of male face nearly flat, not distinctly emarginate; face of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A657B65FF28FE2B566CFE13" box="[241,262,463,489]" count="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
with a low, projected medial ridge invested with fine setulae; face of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A657B65FBE2FE2B533AFE13" box="[1083,1104,463,489]" count="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
brown, microtomentose, not subshiny or lustrous; facial setae and setulae small, none prominent, generally oriented ventrally; lower facial seta not oriented laterally or slightly curved dorsally; gena comparatively short, gena-to-eye ratio 0.08–0.15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0766293A657B65FF4EFB2856BCFAF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210849" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210849/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" startId="54.[151,250,1228,1252]" targetBox="[151,1435,584,1204]" targetPageId="54" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A657B65FF4EFB2856BCFAF3" blockId="54.[151,1436,1228,1289]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FF4EFB28564EFB1F" bold="true" box="[151,292,1228,1253]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 110</emphasis>
|
||
. Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A657B65FE23FB2955D2FB1F" authorityName="Zatwarnicki & Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[506,696,1229,1253]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FE23FB2955D2FB1F" box="[506,696,1229,1253]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Scatophila bolwigi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FD64FB295467FB1F" bold="true" box="[701,781,1229,1253]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A657B65FD64FB295467FB1F" box="[701,781,1229,1253]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(squares),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A657B65FCA2FB29530BFB1F" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[891,1121,1229,1253]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FCA2FB295360FB1F" box="[891,1034,1229,1253]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
Cresson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(triangles), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A657B65FADDFB29561FFAF3" authority="Sturtevant & Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant & Wheeler" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FADDFB2952F6FB1F" box="[1284,1436,1229,1253]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. variofacialis</emphasis>
|
||
Sturtevant & Wheeler
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(circles).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A657B65FF1EFABF5792F9D3" blockId="54.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FF1EFABF5672FA8F" box="[199,280,1371,1397]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FEF0FABF56FDFA8F" box="[297,407,1371,1397]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 108</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FE7CFABF56BEFA8F" box="[421,468,1371,1397]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant & Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">120</figureCitation>
|
||
): Mesonotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FD59FABF558BFA8F" box="[640,737,1371,1397]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant & Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
) brown with gray stripes along setal tracks; acrostichal setae generally small but irregular in size, arranged in 2 regular rows; dorsocentral setae 2, anterior seta sutural or just postsutural; scutum microtomentose, appearing dull. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FCE6FA4754CAFA47" box="[831,928,1443,1469]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
|
||
) not strongly yellowish at base, mostly dark with distinct pattern of white spots; costal vein ratio 0.28–0.32; M
|
||
<subScript id="17FC34E43A657B65FCABFA3D5410FA1D" attach="left" box="[882,890,1497,1511]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">1</subScript>
|
||
vein ratio 0.59–0.62; knob of halter yellow. Legs dark, blackish brown; midfemur of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A657B65FDFFFA0F5551F9FF" box="[550,571,1515,1541]" count="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
lacking row of spine-like setae; tarsi blackish reddish brown (basitarsomere) to black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A657B64FF1EF9D75200FEE7" blockId="54.[151,1437,1371,2009]" lastBlockId="55.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A657B65FF1EF9D7565BF9B7" box="[199,305,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FE9DF9D75686F9B4" box="[324,492,1587,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 115–118</figureCitation>
|
||
): Tergites dark, blackish brown to black, posterior tergites shiny. Male terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FF46F9B35620F988" box="[159,330,1623,1650]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 115–118</figureCitation>
|
||
): Epandrium in posterior view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FD12F9B35445F988" box="[715,815,1623,1650]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
) generally diamond shaped, dorsal margin narrowly rounded, lateral margins widest at midheight and with shallow indentation, ventral margin broadly bifurcate, with narrow channel between lobe-like, broad symmetrical ventral extensions; epandrial setae about equal in length, sparser medially, more abundant with shorter setulae on ventral lobes; height of cercal opening about 1/3 epandrial height; cercus in posterior view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FDD8F9035534F8F8" box="[513,606,1767,1794]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
) hemispherical; epandrium in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FB99F90353F7F8FB" box="[1088,1181,1767,1793]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
|
||
) twice as high as wide, lateral margins irregular, with rounded ventral margin; aedeagus in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FBF5F8EF53E1F8DF" box="[1068,1163,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
) broadly V-shaped with 3 dorsal extensions, anterior 2 extensions truncate, posterior extension more robust and pointed apically, in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FF04F8B75651F897" box="[221,315,1875,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
|
||
) irregularly rectangular, lateral margins shallowly angulate, anterior and posterior margins truncate; ventral aedeagal process shallowly C-shaped; phallapodeme in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FBCCF893531DF86B" box="[1045,1143,1911,1937]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
) T-shaped, crossbar with lateral lobe-like extensions slightly curved posteriorly, medial process straight, linear, slightly shorter than crossbar; postgonite in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A657B65FE12F85B5546F823" box="[459,556,1983,2009]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
) deeply V-shaped, dorsal arm subrectangular, 3–4X longer than wide, dorsal margin irregular, basal 2/3 more or less rectangular, posterior 1/3 narrowed, digitiform, bearing setulae apically and on lateral margins, ventral arm shallowly curved, moderately narrow, elongate, in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A647B64FB19FF5F5274FF2F" box="[1216,1310,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
|
||
) 3X longer than wide, irregularly tapered from base to narrowed posterior, digitiform extension, apex with short, lateral lobe; neohypandrium in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A647B64FE24FEE75536FEE7" box="[509,604,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
) narrow, strap-like, irregularly curved, acutely pointed at both apices.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0766293A647B64FF4EF9E554FDF9C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" startId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" targetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" targetPageId="55" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A647B64FF4EF9E554FDF9C7" blockId="55.[151,1437,1537,1598]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A647B64FF4EF9E5560FF9E3" bold="true" box="[151,357,1537,1561]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 111–114</emphasis>
|
||
. Head of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A647B64FE08F9E65474F9E0" authority="Cresson." authorityName="Cresson." box="[465,798,1538,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A647B64FE08F9E655D7F9E0" box="[465,701,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Scatophila tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
Cresson.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A647B64FF1EF9745634F8ED" blockId="55.[151,1437,1680,1958]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Type Material.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A647B64FE51F97457B7F934" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Atherton, M" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C388033A647B64FE65F9745574F950" box="[444,542,1680,1706]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A647B64FD9DF97454C3F950" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[580,937,1680,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A647B64FD9DF974542DF950" box="[580,839,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Scatophila tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
Cresson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is labeled “
|
||
<collectorName id="268D53773A647B64FBF7F97453D7F950" box="[1070,1213,1680,1706]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Atherton, M</collectorName>
|
||
[iss]o[uri]./October/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A647B64FF4EF95057B7F934" box="[151,221,1716,1742]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A647B64FF3DF9505634F8ED" collectionCode="ANSP" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
No. 6520[,]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A647B64FEB2F950540BF934" authority="E T Cresson, Jr." authorityName="E T Cresson, Jr." box="[363,865,1716,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">Scatophila TUBERCULOSA E T Cresson,Jr.</taxonomicName>
|
||
[pink; species name and number handwritten]. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C388033A647B64FF4EF93C5793F908" box="[151,249,1752,1778]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is double mounted (minute nadel in rectangular card block (black), is in fair condition, and is deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A647B64FF66F918566CF8EC" box="[191,262,1788,1814]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ANSP</collectionCode>
|
||
(6520).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A647B64FF1EF8C453EDF85C" blockId="55.[151,1437,1680,1958]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A647B64FF1EF8C453EEF85C" collectingDate="1945-03-10" collectionCode="T, USNM" location="The" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Iowa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="8EA7607A3A647B64FF1EF8C45799F8C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A667B6BFF4EF8BD5469F86C:8EA7607A3A647B64FF1EF8C45799F8C0" box="[199,243,1824,1850]" name="The" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Iowa">The</location>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C388033A647B64FF25F8C45634F8C0" box="[252,350,1824,1850]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A647B64FE1FF8C454D0F8C0" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[454,954,1824,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A647B64FE1FF8C455CCF8C0" box="[454,678,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Scatophila carinata</emphasis>
|
||
Sturtevant and Wheeler
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is labeled “AMES
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A647B64FB42F8C45389F8C0" box="[1179,1251,1824,1850]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">IOWA</collectingRegion>
|
||
<date id="FFC610613A647B64FB32F8C45204F8C1" box="[1259,1390,1824,1851]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1945-03-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A647B64FB32F8C45204F8C1" box="[1259,1390,1824,1851]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1945-03-10">III-10-1945</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[
|
||
<date id="FFC610613A647B64FAA7F8C45662F8A5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1945-03-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A647B64FAA7F8C45662F8A5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1945-03-10">10 Mar 1945</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A647B64FECDF8A0564CF8A4" box="[276,294,1860,1886]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
|
||
. POLHEMUS [handwritten]/
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C388033A647B64FDB7F8A05468F8A4" box="[622,770,1860,1886]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A647B64FCD0F8A05318F8A4" authority="Stvt & Whle" authorityName="Stvt & Whle" box="[777,1138,1860,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">Scatophila carinata Stvt & Whle</taxonomicName>
|
||
[pink].” The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C388033A647B64FAD1F8A05200F8A4" box="[1288,1386,1860,1886]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was originally deposited in the insect collection of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A647B64FD7BF88C5473F878" box="[674,793,1896,1922]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Iowa State</collectingRegion>
|
||
University and was then transferred to the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A647B64FAD9F88C523BF878" box="[1280,1361,1896,1922]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
where it is now deposited. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C388033A647B64FE73F8685566F85C" box="[426,524,1932,1958]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is glued to a paper triangle and is in excellent condition
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0766293A6B7B6BFF4EFB3556CBFACA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" startId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" targetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" targetPageId="56" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF4EFB3556CBFACA" blockId="56.[151,1436,1233,1329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFF4EFB355609FB13" bold="true" box="[151,355,1233,1257]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FIGURES 115–118</emphasis>
|
||
. Male terminalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFDEBFB355410FB13" authority="Cresson." authorityName="Cresson." box="[562,890,1233,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFDEBFB355476FB13" box="[562,796,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Scatophila tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
Cresson.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF1EFA675326FA1F" blockId="56.[151,1437,1411,1942]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Other Specimens Examined.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A6B7B6BFDF2FA60554DFA3B" collectingDate="2006-06-13" collectingDateMax="2006-06-24" collectingDateMin="2006-06-13" country="United States of America" county="Fairfax" latitude="39.001667" location="Clay Pond" longLatPrecision="116" longitude="-77.25667" municipality="Great Falls" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Virginia">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A6B7B6BFDF2FA605469FA67" box="[555,771,1411,1438]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFCCBFA675492FA67" box="[786,1016,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFCCBFA6754E6FA67" box="[786,908,1411,1437]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">VIRGINIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A6B7B6BFC43FA67549BFA67" box="[922,1009,1411,1437]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fairfax</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A6B7B6BFBDAFA6753E8FA67" box="[1027,1154,1411,1437]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Great Falls</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFB4FFA67527EFA67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A667B6BFF4EF8BD5469F86C:8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFB4FFA67527EFA67" box="[1174,1300,1411,1437]" country="United States of America" county="Fairfax" latitude="39.001667" longLatPrecision="116" longitude="-77.25667" municipality="Great Falls" name="Clay Pond" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Virginia">Clay Pond</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A6B7B6BFAFDFA6752FDFA67" box="[1316,1431,1411,1437]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="00.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="92" value="39.001667">39°00.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A6B7B6BFF4EFA435679FA38" box="[151,275,1447,1474]" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="15.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="92" value="-77.25667">77°15.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFC610613A6B7B6BFEFEFA43568AFA3B" box="[295,480,1447,1474]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2006-06-13" valueMax="2006-06-24" valueMin="2006-06-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A6B7B6BFEFEFA43568AFA3B" box="[295,480,1447,1474]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2006-06-13" valueMax="2006-06-24" valueMin="2006-06-13">13–24 Jun 2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFDEAFA4C5520FA38" box="[563,586,1448,1474]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D</collectingRegion>
|
||
. and
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A6B7B6BFD5EFA4C5449FA3B" box="[647,803,1447,1474]" collectorName="Mathis" country="United States of America" location="W" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="W">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFD5EFA4C55C9FA38" box="[647,675,1448,1474]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">W</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFD77FA4C55AFFA38" box="[686,709,1448,1474]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">N</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="268D53773A6B7B6BFD0BFA435449FA3B" box="[722,803,1447,1473]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mathis</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A6B7B6BFCF7FA4C55BDFA1F" collectingDate="2006-05-22" collectingDateMax="2006-11-09" collectingDateMin="2006-05-22" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" latitude="38.965" location="Turkey Run" longLatPrecision="117" longitude="-77.15667" municipality="Zatwarnicki" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="T">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFCF7FA4C542AFA38" box="[814,832,1448,1474]" country="United States of America" name="T" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A6B7B6BFC95FA4354B9FA3B" box="[844,979,1447,1473]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Zatwarnicki</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A6B7B6BFC3CFA435360FA38" box="[997,1034,1447,1474]" count="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A6B7B6BFBC1FA435356FA3B" box="[1048,1084,1447,1473]" count="1" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A6B7B6BFB92FA4353CBFA3B" box="[1099,1185,1447,1473]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFB6DFA435256FA38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A667B6BFF4EF8BD5469F86C:8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFB6DFA435256FA38" box="[1204,1340,1447,1474]" country="United States of America" latitude="38.965" longLatPrecision="117" longitude="-77.15667" municipality="Zatwarnicki" name="Turkey Run" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="T">Turkey Run</location>
|
||
(mouth;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A6B7B6BFF4EFA2F5661FA1C" box="[151,267,1483,1510]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="57.9" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="92" value="38.965">38°57.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A6B7B6BFECEFA2F56F8FA1F" box="[279,402,1483,1509]" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="09.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="92" value="-77.15667">77°09.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFC610613A6B7B6BFE7FFA2F55FBFA1F" box="[422,657,1483,1510]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2006-05-22" valueMax="2006-11-09" valueMin="2006-05-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A6B7B6BFE7FFA2F55FBFA1F" box="[422,657,1483,1510]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2006-05-22" valueMax="2006-11-09" valueMin="2006-05-22">22 May–9 Nov 2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A6B7B6BFD3BFA285323FA1F" box="[738,1097,1483,1510]" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="Mathis" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="W">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFD3BFA285594FA1C" box="[738,766,1484,1510]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">W</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFCDEFA285474FA1C" box="[775,798,1484,1510]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">N</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFCF3FA2F5412FA1F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A667B6BFF4EF8BD5469F86C:8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFCF3FA2F5412FA1F" box="[810,888,1483,1509]" country="United States of America" name="Mathis" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="W">Mathis</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A6B7B6BFC51FA2F54C6FA1C" box="[904,940,1483,1510]" count="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A6B7B6BFC60FA2F54B7FA1F" box="[953,989,1483,1509]" count="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A6B7B6BFC32FA2F532BFA1F" box="[1003,1089,1483,1509]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF1EFA145310F9F3" blockId="56.[151,1437,1411,1942]" box="[199,1146,1519,1546]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A6B7B6BFF1EFA14531FF9F3" box="[199,1141,1519,1546]" country="United States of America" latitude="39.18667" location="Atherton" longLatPrecision="116" longitude="-94.305" municipality="Jackson" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Missouri">
|
||
Type Locality.—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A6B7B6BFE5DFA0B5577F9F3" box="[388,541,1519,1545]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFDF1FA0B55E5F9F3" box="[552,655,1519,1545]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Missouri</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A6B7B6BFD43FA0B559DF9F3" box="[666,759,1519,1545]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Jackson</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFCD9FA0B540EF9F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A667B6BFF4EF8BD5469F86C:8EA7607A3A6B7B6BFCD9FA0B540EF9F3" box="[768,868,1519,1545]" country="United States of America" latitude="39.18667" longLatPrecision="116" longitude="-94.305" municipality="Jackson" name="Atherton" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Missouri">Atherton</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A6B7B6BFCABFA0B548CF9F3" box="[882,998,1519,1545]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="11.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="92" value="39.18667">39°11.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A6B7B6BFC2BFA0B5303F9F0" box="[1010,1129,1519,1546]" degrees="94" direction="west" minutes="18.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="92" value="-94.305">94°18.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF1EF9F7534BF9D7" blockId="56.[151,1437,1411,1942]" box="[199,1057,1555,1581]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13432A243A6B7B6BFE87F9F756D7F9D7" box="[350,445,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-199@54.[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 110. Distribution map of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. (squares), S. tuberculosa Cresson (triangles), and S. variofacialis Sturtevant & Wheeler (circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210849/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
|
||
).—
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFE3EF9F0553AF9D7" box="[487,592,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFE3EF9F05523F9D7" box="[487,585,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A6B7B6BFD8EF9F75587F9D7" box="[599,749,1555,1581]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFD25F9F75452F9D7" box="[764,824,1555,1581]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFC9DF9F754C0F9D7" box="[836,938,1555,1581]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Missouri</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFC6CF9F7537CF9D7" box="[949,1046,1555,1581]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF1EF9D353DFF9A8" blockId="56.[151,1437,1411,1942]" box="[199,1205,1591,1618]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Natural History.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A6B7B6BFE4FF9D35529F9A8" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[406,579,1591,1618]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="496 - 510" refId="ref69737" refString="Deonier, D. L. (1965) Ecological observations on Iowa shore flies (Diptera, Ephydridae). Iowa Academy of Science, 71, 496 - 510." type="journal article" year="1965">Deonier (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported this species from a mud-shore habitat in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A6B7B6BFBACF9DC53DBF9A8" box="[1141,1201,1592,1618]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF1EF9BF55F9F88B" blockId="56.[151,1437,1411,1942]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Remarks.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A6B7B6BFE94F9BF5553F98F" author="Cresson, E. T., Jr." box="[333,569,1627,1654]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="345 - 372" refId="ref69519" refString="Cresson, E. T., Jr. (1935) Descriptions of genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 61, 345 - 372." type="journal article" year="1935">Cresson (1935: 368)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFCBEF9BF5363F98F" box="[871,1033,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFCBEF9BF5363F98F" box="[871,1033,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and distinguished it in part by the projected or tuberculate ventral face of males.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A6B7B6BFD6BF99B5324F963" author="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R." box="[690,1102,1663,1690]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. & Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler (1954: 199)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrote that Cresson’s species was a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFE68F94755E5F947" authority="Czerny" authorityName="Czerny" box="[433,655,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFE68F947555DF947" box="[433,567,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. unicornis</emphasis>
|
||
Czerny
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, basing their conclusion on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A6B7B6BFC1FF94753E3F947" author="Bolwig, N." box="[966,1161,1699,1725]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="129 - 137" refId="ref69079" refString="Bolwig, N. (1940 a) The description of Scatophila unicornis Czerny, 1900 (Ephydridae, Diptera). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, 9, 129 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1940. tb 00363. x" type="journal article" year="1940">Bolwig’s (1940a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrations of Czerny’s species, which were compared with their species. Sturtevant and Wheeler, however, did not dissect and study structures of the male terminalia. Our study of these species reveals that we are dealing with just two species, not three, and that the senior synonyms are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFDBAF8EB546FF8D3" box="[611,773,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFDBAF8EB546FF8D3" box="[611,773,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFC99F8EB54A5F8D3" box="[832,975,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFC99F8EB54A1F8D3" box="[832,971,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">S. unicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Moreover, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFB2DF8EB521BF8D3" box="[1268,1393,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFB2DF8EB521BF8D3" box="[1268,1393,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. carinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFE8EF8D7569DF8B7" box="[343,503,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFE8EF8D7569DF8B7" box="[343,503,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the latter name having priority (i.e., the senior synonym). Thus, our proposed synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFEE8F8B356C6F88B" box="[305,428,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFEE8F8B356C6F88B" box="[305,428,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. carinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFE35F8B355F9F88B" box="[492,659,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A6B7B6BFE35F8B355E5F88B" box="[492,655,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">S. tuberculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A6B7B6BFF1EF89F5469F86C" blockId="56.[151,1437,1411,1942]" box="[199,771,1915,1942]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
This species is placed in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A6B7B6BFDD1F89F55DEF86F" box="[520,692,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">noctula species</emphasis>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |