141 lines
17 KiB
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141 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="C217B9585DA8D4657FAEABD45E817132" ID-CLB-Dataset="25865" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80f6b0f9-010f-4ae4-a944-fa8de3aa9a30" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3446316" ID-ZooBank="A166C53B-EC0F-427B-B6F4-1F39F92A3BD8" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1567061020892" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pirani, Gabriela & Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2019" docId="03B1D930910A2258BB8CABD1C1EEA80C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4661.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4661 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stegana Meigen 1830" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="447" masterDocId="FF88A148910B225ABB1BAD5BC317A913" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery, redescription, and reclassification of the rare and unusual fly Pyrgometopa penicillata Kertész (Diptera: Drosophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="445" pageNumber="446" updateTime="1698690984945" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="804D851F0CFB6BE6DB5AD0D455F4BF5C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="25C7E0D95545785B3400D13A2D255247">
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<mods:title id="6EC428C8F388023FB80F544E38A2D3B0">Rediscovery, redescription, and reclassification of the rare and unusual fly Pyrgometopa penicillata Kertész (Diptera: Drosophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EA846D4C0B78D5C1AB6469C9C4778018" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FE557DDA4462DC06A0ACD14F063C936B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="795F88FE281CE3D8EAF26E1405ECF7BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="538FAF0A4C9C9EB0EE8A186117067FA3">Pirani, Gabriela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D80E9999582C6DF05272B11EF02A09F">Laboratório de Evolução e Morfologia de Diptera, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040 - 901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. E-mail: gabi. pirani 3107 @ gmail. com;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6D89194154FFEE5A80A97E4C4FB2569E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D2584FB9C82F4812E270B7CDD0335678">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="47B240DE76C988A0DF90883DCEF694F4">Curator, Division of Invertebrate Zoology; Professor, Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th St, New York, NY. E-mail: grimaldi @ amnh. org.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EE78DDD173EA5D6C0FB80BC0DF6AC0B6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F63E52345A96092B2470161DC28CEB77">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1BA6F706619DE12A2200E2B93B66E98">
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<mods:date id="462429C4BDD308F5C4651BDA0FF8027C">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="37B425A534549205ED6FC7599B372C56">2019-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="05BADC5E1D02B38225CCCB4A75B92ED1">4661</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F6932666300C414B50641E7A6FC05EAA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B1D930910A2258BB8CABD1C1EEA80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8388295" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159318368" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8388295" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D930910A2258BB8CABD1C1EEA80C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1D930910A2258BB8CABD1C1EEA80C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD910A225BBB8CABD1C2A2AFB7" box="[151,437,1674,1700]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA76826910A225BBB8CABD1C2A2AFB7" blockId="1.[151,437,1674,1700]" box="[151,437,1674,1700]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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<heading id="D0EFDF4A910A225BBB8CABD1C2A2AFB7" bold="true" box="[151,437,1674,1700]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BBB8CABD1C2A2AFB7" bold="true" box="[151,437,1674,1700]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910A225BBBF5ABD1C2A2AFB7" ID-CoL="9G2SF" authority="Meigen" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[238,437,1674,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BBBF5ABD1C247AFB7" bold="true" box="[238,336,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Stegana</emphasis>
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Meigen
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD910A225BBB8CAB95C7BBAE30" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA76826910A225BBB8CAB95C68DAE16" blockId="1.[151,1436,1742,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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Meigen, 1830: 79;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910A225BBA4DAB95C2EDAFF4" author="Grimaldi" box="[342,506,1742,1767]" firstAuthor="Grimaldi" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref5910" refString="Grimaldi, D. A. (1990) A phylogenetic, revised classification of genera in the Drosophilidae (Diptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 197, 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1990">Grimaldi (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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revised diagnosis;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910A225BB9A0AB95C06BAFF4" author="Bachli" box="[699,892,1742,1767]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bachli" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" pagination="1 - 362" refId="ref5644" refString="Bachli, G., Vilela, C. R., Escher, S. A. & Saura, A. (2004) The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 39, 1 - 362." type="journal article" year="2004">Bachli et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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European species;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910A225BBF25AB95C632AFF4" author="Brake & Bachli" box="[1086,1317,1742,1767]" firstAuthor="Brake" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" pagination="1 - 412" refId="ref5690" refString="Brake, L. & Bachli, G. (2008) Drosophilidae (Diptera). World Catalogue of Insects, 7, 1 - 412. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 978900426103 7" type="journal article" year="2008">Brake & Bachli (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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world catalogue. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910A225BBA80ABB5C196AE16" ID-CoL="8F4Z6" authority="Meigen, 1830" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[411,641,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BBA80ABB5C2FCAE16" box="[411,491,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">S. nigra</emphasis>
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Meigen, 1830
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</taxonomicName>
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; Zetterstedt 1847: 2577 (=
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910A225BB895ABB5C768AE16" ID-CoL="8F4RH" authority="Linneaus, 1766" authorityName="Linneaus" authorityYear="1766" box="[910,1151,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furta">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BB895ABB5C0CFAE16" box="[910,984,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">S. furta</emphasis>
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Linneaus, 1766
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</taxonomicName>
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). AF, AU, NE, NT, OR, PA.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA76826910A225BBB8CAA56C7BBAE30" blockId="1.[151,1436,1742,1828]" box="[151,1196,1803,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910A225BBB8CAA56C2FFAE37" ID-CoL="762H" authority="Kertesz, 1901: 419" authorityName="Kertesz" authorityPageNumber="419" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,488,1804,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Pyrgometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BBB8CAA56C208AE37" box="[151,287,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Pyrgometopa</emphasis>
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Kertész, 1901: 419
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910A225BB99BAA56C04AAE37" authority="Kertesz" authorityName="Kertesz" box="[640,861,1804,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BB99BAA56C012AE37" box="[640,773,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">P. penicillata</emphasis>
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Kertész
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</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BB8F9AA57C794AE37" bold="true" box="[994,1155,1803,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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<treatmentCitationLabel id="AB37D7FD910A225BB8F9AA57C768AE37" box="[994,1151,1803,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">New Synonym</treatmentCitationLabel>
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.
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</emphasis>
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NT
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD910A225BBB8CAA0AC178AEEE" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA76826910A225BBB8CAA0AC178AEEE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1873,2045]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
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<emphasis id="B96CB434910A225BBB8CAA0AC21DAE7F" bold="true" box="[151,266,1873,1900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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: Wing held against side of body at rest (
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<figureCitation id="132374A3910A225BB9C3AA09C00AAE7F" box="[728,797,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132374A3910A225BB831AA08C02DAE7E" box="[810,826,1875,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">7</figureCitation>
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); apex bluntly pointed, veins R
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<subScript id="179C6A63910A225BBF85AA3FC7AFAE61" attach="left" box="[1182,1208,1892,1906]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">4+5</subScript>
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and M
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<subScript id="179C6A63910A225BBE12AA3FC606AE61" attach="left" box="[1289,1297,1892,1906]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">1</subScript>
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convergent, apices nearly touching, parallel at apex; C with row of minute, thorn-like spinules at apex (
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<figureCitation id="132374A3910A225BBF8EAA2DC604AE83" box="[1173,1299,1910,1936]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 31–32</figureCitation>
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). Mid tarsomeres 1–4 with 2 ventral rows minute, overlapping, scale-like setulae (
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<figureCitation id="132374A3910A225BB8A2AAC1C70EAEA7" box="[953,1049,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1247,1272]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,237,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,1436,237,1221]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 33–35. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of leg and its spines of S. penicillata. 33. Hind leg. 34. Line of spines on first tarsomere. 35. One of the spines in detail, arrow pointing to a pollen grain of Vernonia sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446328/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Figs. 34</figureCitation>
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); hind tarsomeres 1–4 with one or two such rows (
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<figureCitation id="132374A3910A225BBA53AAE5C2C5AECB" box="[328,466,1982,2008]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1247,1272]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,237,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,1436,237,1221]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 33–35. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of leg and its spines of S. penicillata. 33. Hind leg. 34. Line of spines on first tarsomere. 35. One of the spines in detail, arrow pointing to a pollen grain of Vernonia sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446328/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Figs. 33, 34</figureCitation>
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). Hypandrial complex very elaborate; phallapodeme usually long, fused to phallus and postgonites. Phallic guide usually present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD91092258BBDCADC3C1EEA80C" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BBDCADC3C1EEA80C" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BBDCADC3C25FA9A0" bold="true" box="[199,328,152,179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Comments</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A591092258BA4CADC1C2FAA9A0" authorityName="Kertesz" authorityYear="1901" box="[343,493,154,179]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Pyrgometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BA4CADC1C2FAA9A0" box="[343,493,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Pyrgometopa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has all the above-mentioned characters, fitting entirely in the definition of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A591092258BE20ADC2C682A9A0" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[1339,1429,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BE20ADC2C682A9A0" box="[1339,1429,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Stegana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The latter genus is cosmopolitan and more diverse in the tropical regions of the world. Furthermore, we have some undescribed species with modifications on the frons and ocellar tubercle that also fit entirely within
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A591092258BFE7ADBAC641A9E8" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[1276,1366,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BFE7ADBAC641A9E8" box="[1276,1366,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Stegana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and it is probable that they all form a clade within the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |