269 lines
36 KiB
XML
269 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="AB477E07B85B03A193BC55F7CB2ECB8A" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.956.2657" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13742850" ID-ZooBank="9DCDD521-909D-4436-8495-086A11C50DA0" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1725988271530" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Karimbumkara, Seena Narayanan & Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan" docDate="2024" docId="557187D2FFC589329D91FC85FB35F9B6" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.956.1-61.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 956" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2657/12287" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Onitis visthara Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0E89DF71-6A9D-4E88-8C49-84281CC84C2A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="A948FFAAFFF689069F01FFB1FFF9FF8A" masterDocTitle="Study on the genus Onitis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) of the Indian Subcontinent, with three new species from India" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1726486743805" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5A17188E913C2FB0B7F670DAC192EEEE">Study on the genus Onitis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) of the Indian Subcontinent, with three new species from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="336A5EC6A012E7B8C8C6C4DD10C6F162">Karimbumkara, Seena Narayanan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A679A667412D70BAC9B20E315CFC9594">Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE0616EB5B4C99BD4FCE7BC4D5F0BC13" type="email">seena.narayanan@atree.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="70B93F80918F03313A2204E888559819">Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="93F90E27CC6F43343AFB7209949E0C41">Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F8EC7901F6005CF2E0D8455115E1BB1" type="email">priyan@atree.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="FDEC008C9D43CC909821309E1FB16323">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8D4E14D6AA6A7C7481A3B8AE8E79FAA9">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="532B285B0E0387071543112B30A43965">2024-09-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2607FD5E8198014CE34D61BFA52A4D1D">956</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="51018F5A20967194DA8D07AC04C850EB" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2024.956.2657</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="557187D2FFC589329D91FC85FB35F9B6" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0E89DF71-6A9D-4E88-8C49-84281CC84C2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/557187D2FFC589329D91FC85FB35F9B6" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC589359D91FC85FC5DFCC4" box="[656,932,819,846]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359D91FC85FC5DFCC4" blockId="51.[367,1222,819,917]" box="[656,932,819,846]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="862F81A8FFC589359D91FC85FC5DFCC4" box="[656,932,819,846]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359D91FC85FCBBFCC4" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[656,834,819,846]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359D91FC85FCBBFCC4" bold="true" box="[656,834,819,846]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Onitis visthara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F49F57ADFFC589359C4BFC85FC5DFCC4" box="[842,932,820,846]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
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<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC589359E6EFCE6FBE9FC1E" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359E6EFCE6FB3FFCFB" blockId="51.[367,1222,819,917]" box="[367,1222,855,881]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<uri id="A9493AC6FFC589359E6EFCE6FB3FFCFB" box="[367,1222,855,881]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="A97E0C11FFC589359D90FCE6FB3FFCFB" box="[657,1222,855,881]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">0E89DF71-6A9D-4E88-8C49-84281CC84C2A</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359D22FCCBFBE9FC1E" blockId="51.[367,1222,819,917]" box="[547,1040,890,917]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359D22FCCBFD5DFC1E" box="[547,676,890,916]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[295,1242,313,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-50@28.[189,1398,262,1824]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Aedeagus, lateral, dorsal, ventral and apical views. A–D. Onitiskethai sp. nov., NIM/NBAIR/ COL/ONIT/H-271023B. E–H. O. philemon Fabricius,1801,AIMB/Co/Sc1000317. I–L. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. M–P. O. visthara sp. nov., NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H- 271023C. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742873/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 8M–P</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359DB1FCCBFD2AFC1E" box="[688,723,890,916]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[303,1358,297,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-1@31.[189,1398,262,1791]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 9. Head of male specimens. A. Onitisbhomorensis sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H- 271023A. B. O. punctatostriatus Janssens, 1937, AIMB/Co/Sc1000492. C. O. kethai sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023B. D. O. philemon Fabricius, 1801, AIMB/Co/Sc1000317. E. O. visthara sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C. F. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742875/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">9E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359DDEFCCBFCD7FC1E" box="[735,814,890,916]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,231,1828,1854]" captionTargetBox="[309,1270,282,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-77@34.[189,1398,262,1780]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 12.A. Onitissinghalensis Lansberge, 1875, holotype, ♂, MNHN EC4812, (image:Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN.) B. Onitissiva Gillet, 1911, holotype, ♀, (image: Jonathan Brecko, IRSNB). C. O. subopacus Arrow, 1931, holotype, ♂, BMNH(E)1237174, (image: BMNH). D. O.virens Lansberge, 1875, paralectotype, ♂, (image: Jonathan Brecko, IRSNB). E–F Onitisvisthara sp. nov., holotype, ♂, NIM/ NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C (images: AIMB). E. Habitus, dorsal view. F. Habitus, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742883/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">12E–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359C3BFCCBFC92FC1E" box="[826,875,890,916]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[297,1300,330,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-1@37.[189,1398,285,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 14. Pronotum of male specimens. A. Onitis bhomorensis sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/ COL/ONIT/H-271023A. B. O. punctatostriatus Janssens, 1937, AIMB/Co/Sc1000492. C. O. kethai sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023B. D. O. philemon Fabricius, 1801, AIMB/Co/ Sc1000317. E. O.visthara sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C. F. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742891/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">14E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359C76FCCBFC53FC1F" box="[887,938,890,917]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,233,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[302,1276,327,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-1@39.[189,1398,264,1787]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 15. Pronotal basal foveae of male specimens. A. Onitisbhomorensis sp. nov., holotype, NIM/ NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023A. B. O. punctatostriatus Janssens, 1937, AIMB/Co/Sc1000492. C. O. kethai sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023B. D. O. philemon Fabricius, 1801, AIMB/Co/Sc1000317. E. O. visthara sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C. F. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742895/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">15E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359CB4FCCBFC1EFC1E" box="[949,999,890,916]" captionStart="Fig 16" captionStartId="40.[189,229,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[303,1269,309,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-1@40.[189,1398,262,1810]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig 16. A. Protibia of Onitis bhomorensis sp. nov. showing the position of spur, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/ H-271023A. B. Anterior tip of protibia of O. punctatostriatus Janssens, 1937, AIMB/Co/Sc1000492. C. Mid-leg of O. kethai sp. nov, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023B. D. Mid-leg of O. philemon Fabricius, 1801, AIMB/Co/Sc1000317. E. Mid-leg of O. visthara sp. nov, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H- 271023C. F. Mid-leg of O. singhalensis Lansberge, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742897/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">16E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359CF2FCCBFBE9FC1E" box="[1011,1040,890,916]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[230,1361,265,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-1@50.[214,1374,251,1892]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 20. Map showing the distribution of Onitissiva Gillet, 1911; O. subopacus Arrow, 1931; O. virens Lansberge, 1875 and O. visthara sp. nov. in the Indian Subcontinent." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742911/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">20</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC589359FBCFC0AFD90FA7B" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCFC0AFE3FFC5F" blockId="51.[189,454,955,981]" box="[189,454,955,981]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="862F81A8FFC589359FBCFC0AFE3FFC5F" bold="true" box="[189,454,955,981]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FBCFC0AFE3FFC5F" bold="true" box="[189,454,955,981]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCFC5BFD90FA7B" blockId="51.[189,1399,1002,1521]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359FBCFC5BFE96FB8E" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[189,367,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FBCFC5BFE96FB8E" box="[189,367,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Onitis visthara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F49F57ADFFC589359E7BFC5AFE21FB8F" box="[378,472,1003,1029]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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belongs to Group II; it shows affinity to
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359CD5FC5BFB6AFB8E" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1801" box="[980,1171,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philemon">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359CD5FC5BFB6AFB8E" box="[980,1171,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Onitis philemon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359BA4FC5BFAEDFB8E" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[1189,1300,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kethai" status="sp. nov">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359BA4FC5BFAEDFB8E" box="[1189,1300,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. kethai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F49F57ADFFC589359A1FFC5AFA8FFB8F" box="[1310,1398,1003,1029]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359FF3FBBFFE52FBAD" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[242,427,1037,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FF3FBBFFE52FBAD" box="[242,427,1037,1064]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as the metasternum is longitudinally grooved anteriorly and the clypeal margin feebly emarginate. The pronotum of
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359D69FB81FCEEFBC0" box="[616,791,1072,1098]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Onitisvisthara</emphasis>
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is more convex and wider and has a smooth median line similar to that in
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359EC0FBE5FD8EFBE4" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[449,631,1108,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359EC0FBE5FD8EFBE4" box="[449,631,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but absent in
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<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359C22FBE5FC4CFBE4" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1801" box="[803,949,1108,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philemon">
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<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359C22FBE5FC4CFBE4" box="[803,949,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. philemon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359CF3FBE5FBA6FBE4" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[1010,1119,1108,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kethai">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359CF3FBE5FBA6FBE4" box="[1010,1119,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. kethai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359B6EFBE5FAD9FBE4" box="[1135,1312,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Onitisvisthara</emphasis>
|
||
can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359EA0FBC6FDAFFB1B" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[417,598,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359EA0FBC6FDAFFB1B" box="[417,598,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the pronotal front angle which is sharp in the former while blunt or rather rounded in the latter (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC589359D9FFB2BFCE3FB3E" box="[670,794,1178,1204]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[303,1358,297,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-1@31.[189,1398,262,1791]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 9. Head of male specimens. A. Onitisbhomorensis sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H- 271023A. B. O. punctatostriatus Janssens, 1937, AIMB/Co/Sc1000492. C. O. kethai sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023B. D. O. philemon Fabricius, 1801, AIMB/Co/Sc1000317. E. O. visthara sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C. F. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742875/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 9E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The clypeus and vertex in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359B6CFB2BFB0BFB3E" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[1133,1266,1178,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359B6CFB2BFB0BFB3E" box="[1133,1266,1178,1204]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. visthara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rugose while they are closely granular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359D4AFB0FFCF9FB5D" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[587,768,1213,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359D4AFB0FFCF9FB5D" box="[587,768,1213,1240]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The genae of the former is gently rounded while that of the latter is sharply rounded. Profemur in the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359C68FB50FC16FB70" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[873,1007,1248,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359C68FB50FC16FB70" box="[873,1007,1248,1275]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. visthara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is without tooth while there is a strong tooth towards the end of its anterior edge in the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359CB3FAB5FB91FA94" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[946,1128,1284,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359CB3FAB5FB91FA94" box="[946,1128,1284,1310]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The mid femur in the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359E20FA96FE5EFACB" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[289,423,1319,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359E20FA96FE5EFACB" box="[289,423,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. visthara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is without a tooth near the middle of its posterior edge, but with two teeth at the extremity, a sharp one on the lower edge and a blunt one above; while in the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359B90FAFBFABCFAEE" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[1169,1349,1354,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359B90FAFBFABCFAEE" box="[1169,1349,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the middle femur has a strong tooth near the middle of its posterior edge and another tooth at the extremity. The middle tibia in male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359EE0FA20FD9DFA20" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[481,612,1424,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359EE0FA20FD9DFA20" box="[481,612,1424,1451]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. visthara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slender at the base and they curve and angularly dilate before the middle; in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359E3BFA05FE17FA44" authorityName="Lansberge, AIMB" authorityYear="1875" box="[314,494,1460,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359E3BFA05FE17FA44" box="[314,494,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">O. singhalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the middle tibia is slender at the base, less curved, abruptly, angularly dilated before the middle (compare 16E–F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC589359FBCF9A9FBC1F886" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCF9A9FE95F9B8" blockId="51.[189,364,1560,1586]" box="[189,364,1560,1586]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<heading id="862F81A8FFC589359FBCF9A9FE95F9B8" bold="true" box="[189,364,1560,1586]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FBCF9A9FE95F9B8" bold="true" box="[189,364,1560,1586]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6DB03C99FFC589359FEBF9F6FB56F92D" collectingDate="2015-01-04" collectionCode="NBAIR" collectorName="Mohammed Ashraf K." country="India" location="Bangalore" municipality="Hesaraghatta" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FEBF9F6FEA5F9EB" blockId="51.[189,1399,1607,1704]" box="[234,348,1607,1633]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FEBF9F6FEA5F9EB" bold="true" box="[234,348,1607,1633]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<typeStatus id="02638866FFC589359FEBF9F6FEA5F9EB" box="[234,348,1607,1633]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCF9DBFB56F92D" blockId="51.[189,1399,1607,1704]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5CF7654FFC589359FBCF9DBFEF7F90E" box="[189,270,1642,1668]" name="India" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="CBDEFD4DFFC589359E22F9DAFEC5F90F" box="[291,316,1643,1669]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1F1CF826FFC589359E46F9DBFE3AF90E" box="[327,451,1642,1668]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="3D03ACBEFFC589359ECDF9DBFD91F90E" box="[460,616,1642,1668]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Hesaraghatta</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D807601FFFC589359D73F9DBFD17F90E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:557187D2FFC589329D91FC85FB35F9B6:D807601FFFC589359D73F9DBFD17F90E" box="[626,750,1642,1668]" country="India" municipality="Hesaraghatta" name="Bangalore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" stateProvince="Karnataka">Bangalore</location>
|
||
, hand-picked from cattle dung;
|
||
<date id="A9661004FFC589359B58F9DBFB26F90F" box="[1113,1247,1642,1669]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2015-01-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B922E9ECFFC589359B58F9DBFB26F90F" box="[1113,1247,1642,1669]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2015-01-04">4 Jan. 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="702D5312FFC589359BE8F9DBFEC8F922" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Mohammed Ashraf K.</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; specimen deposited at
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBC9AE01FFC589359D7CF93CFD22F92D" box="[637,731,1677,1703]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">NBAIR</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="8D7E9EBFFFC589359DE6F93CFB56F92D" box="[743,1199,1677,1703]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C.</specimenCode>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6DB03C99FFC589359FEBF97EFBCDF886" collectingDate="2015-01-04" collectionCode="AIMB" collectorName="Mohammed Ashraf K." country="India" location="Bangalore" municipality="Hesaraghatta" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="Co/Sc1000789" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FEBF97EFEA5F963" blockId="51.[189,1080,1743,1804]" box="[234,348,1743,1769]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FEBF97EFEA5F963" bold="true" box="[234,348,1743,1769]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<typeStatus id="02638866FFC589359FEBF97EFEA5F963" box="[234,348,1743,1769]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCF943FBC1F886" blockId="51.[189,1080,1743,1804]" box="[189,1080,1778,1804]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
COUNTRY •
|
||
<specimenCount id="CBDEFD4DFFC589359E60F943FE83F886" box="[353,378,1778,1804]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection details as holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BBC9AE01FFC589359C2CF943FC82F886" box="[813,891,1778,1804]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">AIMB</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCode id="8D7E9EBFFFC589359C85F943FBCDF886" box="[900,1076,1778,1804]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Co/Sc1000789</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC589359FBCF882FEDCF848" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCF882FEBDF8C7" blockId="51.[189,324,1843,1869]" box="[189,324,1843,1869]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<heading id="862F81A8FFC589359FBCF882FEBDF8C7" bold="true" box="[189,324,1843,1869]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359FBCF882FEBDF8C7" bold="true" box="[189,324,1843,1869]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC589359FBCF8D3FEDCF848" blockId="51.[189,1399,1890,1986]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
The pronotal and elytral measurements of this species are almost the same, giving it a broader rectangular appearance while comparing with other species, thus the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AD84D47FFC589359CCCF834FBD4F815" authorityName="Karimbumkara & Priyadarsanan" authorityYear="2024" box="[973,1069,1925,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="visthara">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC589359CCCF834FBD4F815" box="[973,1069,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">visthara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which means ‘expanse’ in Sanskrit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC289329FBCFEB9FEC0FA22" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFEB9FEB7FEA8" blockId="52.[189,334,264,290]" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<heading id="862F81A8FFC289329FBCFEB9FEB7FEA8" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC289329FBCFEB9FEB7FEA8" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFE86FEB6FEFF" blockId="52.[189,1399,311,373]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">MEASUREMENTS (in mm). TL= 17–18; BW =9–10; PL=8–9; PW=9.5–10.5; EL=8–9.5; HL=4–4.5; HW=5–5.5.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FEBFE2DFE4BFE3C" blockId="52.[189,1399,412,1177]" box="[234,434,412,438]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC289329FEBFE2DFED3FE3C" bold="true" box="[234,298,412,438]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="02638866FFC289329E38FE2DFE53FE3C" box="[313,426,412,438]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFE0EFD97FB13" blockId="52.[189,1399,412,1177]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Brownish black, not shining, pronotum bronzy black, elytra bronzy red, ventral side blackishred; antennae and mouth reddish; oval, not very convex. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC289329B14FE53FB7DFE76" box="[1045,1156,482,508]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[297,1300,330,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-1@37.[189,1398,285,1802]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 14. Pronotum of male specimens. A. Onitis bhomorensis sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/ COL/ONIT/H-271023A. B. O. punctatostriatus Janssens, 1937, AIMB/Co/Sc1000492. C. O. kethai sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023B. D. O. philemon Fabricius, 1801, AIMB/Co/ Sc1000317. E. O.visthara sp. nov., holotype, NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H-271023C. F. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742891/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
|
||
) rugulose, anterior margin parabolic, slightly straight in the middle; clypeal carina not much elevated, bears a few punctures; clypeo-frontal carina not widely interrupted, the tubercle behind blunt, rounded and closer to carina, bears a few punctures; vertex rugulose in the middle and sides more or less smooth with a few scattered granules; genae broad and smooth, slightly reflexed anteriorly with a few scattered punctures. Pronotum strongly and fairly closely punctured, scattered in the middle, more strongly and closely pitted anteriorly, lightly and closely at the base, with a slight median groove starting above the basal foveae and extending to anterior margin as a thin smooth line; front angles moderately sharp, almost right angled, hind angle obsolete, lateral margin straight anteriorly, strongly curved or rounded in the middle and bisinuate behind; base of pronotum bluntly angulate; basal foveae rounded and concave. Elytra moderately shining, lightly and broadly striate, striae smooth, intervals almost flat, strongly and closely punctured; sutural interval convex and slightly elevated than the rest, finely and deeply punctured. Pygidium not shining, lightly and uniformly punctured. Metasternum with deep broad longitudinal groove; metasternal shield smooth in the middle with fine scattered punctures and with strong close aciculate punctures anterio-laterally; sides of metasternum with setigerous granules. Femora smooth with some punctures and hairs on anterior part near the tibial joint. Protibia with four teeth, with the tip extended to a curved process; teeth very short, blunt, the terminal tooth trapezoid. Profemur without teeth. Mid femur has a pair of sharp teeth near the end of the lower edge, and a blunt curved process towards the middle; hind trochanter with a small blunt tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFB71FE6DFACE" blockId="52.[189,1399,1216,1348]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
AEDEAGUS (in mm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="45E32A41FFC289329EB0FB71FDCCFB50" box="[433,565,1216,1242]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[295,1242,313,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-50@28.[189,1398,262,1824]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Aedeagus, lateral, dorsal, ventral and apical views. A–D. Onitiskethai sp. nov., NIM/NBAIR/ COL/ONIT/H-271023B. E–H. O. philemon Fabricius,1801,AIMB/Co/Sc1000317. I–L. O. singhalensis Lansberge, 1875, AIMB/Co/Sc1000684. M–P. O. visthara sp. nov., NIM/NBAIR/COL/ONIT/H- 271023C. (Images: AIMB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13742873/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 8M–P</figureCitation>
|
||
). LP=3, Lp=2.5; BP=0.75, BpB=0.5, BpT=0.25. Phallobase slightly curved, longer than parameres, the latter curved at the tip, with an opening on the ventral side at the point of articulation with the phallobase. The base of the opening is with a cup-shaped extension which is curved inwards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FEBFADAFEBCFA0F" blockId="52.[189,325,1387,1448]" box="[234,325,1387,1413]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC289329FEBFADAFEBCFA0F" bold="true" box="[234,325,1387,1413]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFA3FFEC0FA22" blockId="52.[189,325,1387,1448]" box="[189,313,1422,1448]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="95C2654FFFC289329FBCFA61FB35F9B6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFA61FEE4FA60" blockId="52.[189,285,1488,1514]" box="[189,285,1488,1514]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<heading id="862F81A8FFC289329FBCFA61FEE4FA60" bold="true" box="[189,285,1488,1514]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFACEAD6FFC289329FBCFA61FEE4FA60" bold="true" box="[189,285,1488,1514]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Habitat</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="DD6736C4FFC289329FBCFA4FFB35F9B6" blockId="52.[189,1398,1534,1596]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">The specimens were collected from cattle dung in open grassland near Hesaraghatta lake, the vegetation of which is undergoing rapid changes due to human activities and ecological succession.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |