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<document id="6B8B2EA5AB2D2C1CF657CA9161BB358C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14021526" ID-ZooBank="987FAD00-32A7-4E38-AFAD-6EAC8D808FB2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1730450932891" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yiu, Sam King Fung &amp; Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2024" docId="03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5526.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5526 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Diadema savignyi" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF86FFC7260F5D436153BE46FFA14013" masterDocTitle="New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1730893521481" updateUser="guilherme">
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<mods:title id="A4A1F969E9D7C8CD8AAED3FFCA3DA4F8">New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8B441CBBBF5753CE8ADB45FAF72C0BCE">Yiu, Sam King Fung</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4AB8206ABC8A46BF7939F5E2DBD7CE7A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6212-7339</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6713B4B3551BE9D84BEEC3DC76C35A66">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="757461D21DF08AABE29095A62968DE37">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="70901172EC85FA109C31470F63F4EFBD">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339 &amp; Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C. brisinga @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0178 - 8237 &amp; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="C30C652226025D4E61C4BD6BFC4E4354" box="[151,1007,813,840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926025D4E61C4BD6BFC4E4354" blockId="13.[151,1007,813,877]" box="[151,1007,813,840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0E181C526025D4E61C4BD6BFC4E4354" box="[151,1007,813,840]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E61C4BD6BFD984354" ID-CoL="3585Z" authority="(Audouin 1809)" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[151,569,813,840]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E61C4BD6BFD984354" bold="true" box="[151,569,813,840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E61C4BD6BFECE435B" bold="true" box="[151,367,813,840]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diadema savignyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826025D4E602DBD6BFD904354" author="Audouin, V." box="[382,561,813,839]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="203 - 212" refId="ref36685" refString="Audouin, V. (1809) Explication sommaire des planches d'Echinoderms de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par J. C. Savigny, membre de l'Institut; offrant un expose des caracteres naturels des genres avec la distinction des especes, par Victor Audouin. In: de Savigny, J. C. (Ed.), Description de l'Egypte ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'Expedition de l'Armee Francaise, publie par les ordres de sa majeste l'empereur Napoleon le Grand. Histoire naturelle. Tome premier. Quatrieme Partie. Explication sommaire des planches dont les dessins ont ete fournis par M. J. Savigny, pour l'histoire naturelle de l'ouvrage. L'Imprimerie Imperiale, Paris, pp. 203 - 212." type="book chapter" year="1809">Audouin 1809</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E6321BD6BFC4E4354" authority="(Leske 1778)" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[626,1007,813,840]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E6321BD6BFC4E4354" bold="true" box="[626,1007,813,840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E6321BD6BFCE8435B" bold="true" box="[626,841,813,840]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826025D4E6209BD68FC474354" author="Leske, N. G." box="[858,998,813,840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref40619" refString="Leske, N. G. (1778) Jacobi Theodori Klein naturalis dispositio echinodermatum..., edita et descriptionibus novisque inventis et synonomis auctorem aucta. Addimenta ad I. T. Klein naturalem dispositionem Echinodermatum. G. E. Beer, Leipzig, xxii + 278 pp." type="book" year="1778">Leske 1778</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C652226025D4E61C4BD14FD23437F" box="[151,642,850,877]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926025D4E61C4BD14FD23437F" blockId="13.[151,1007,813,877]" box="[151,642,850,877]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26025D4E61C4BD14FE85437E" box="[151,292,850,877]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-172@13.[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Diadema spp. A. D. setosum. B. D. savignyi. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021536/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 5A</figureCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E6067BD15FE10437F" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[308,433,851,876]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E6067BD15FE10437F" box="[308,433,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D. setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 5B (
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E60AABD15FDD9437F" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[505,632,851,876]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E60AABD15FDD9437F" box="[505,632,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D. savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF69662126025D4E61C4B8E4FBF346A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021536" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14021536" box="[151,1106,1698,1723]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021536/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1698,1722]" targetBox="[277,1310,900,1675]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926025D4E61C4B8E4FBF346A8" blockId="13.[151,1106,1698,1723]" box="[151,1106,1698,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E61C4B8E4FEAC46A8" bold="true" box="[151,269,1698,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E604AB8E4FE6846A9" bold="true" box="[281,457,1698,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E604AB8E4FE6446A9" box="[281,453,1698,1723]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E604AB8E4FED646A9" bold="true" box="[281,375,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diadema</emphasis>
spp. A
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E6083B8E5FDE046A9" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[464,577,1699,1722]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E6083B8E5FDE046A9" box="[464,577,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D. setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E631EB8E5FDC546A8" bold="true" box="[589,612,1699,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E6339B8E5FD7C46A9" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[618,733,1699,1722]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E6339B8E5FD7C46A9" box="[618,733,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D. savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30C652226025D4D61C4B944FEFA419A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926025D4E61C4B944FEBF470F" blockId="13.[151,286,1794,1820]" box="[151,286,1794,1820]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E61C4B944FEBF470F" bold="true" box="[151,286,1794,1820]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Comments</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA936A926025D4E61C4B90CFB9347E7" blockId="13.[151,1436,1866,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E61C4B90CFF5F4777" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,254,1866,1892]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E61C4B90CFF5F4777" box="[151,254,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is intensively studied and many species are dealt with in much greater detail elsewhere (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826025D4E646EB90CFE28479B" author="Muthiga, N. A. &amp; McClanahan, T. R." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="397 - 418" refId="ref41635" refString="Muthiga, N. A. &amp; McClanahan, T. R. (2020) Chapter 23 - Diadema. Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science, 43, 397 - 418. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 819570 - 3.00023 - 8" type="journal article" year="2020">Muthiga &amp; McClanahan 2020</bibRefCitation>
), and as such, are only included briefly here out of completeness. Chinese
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E658FB928FA3D479B" box="[1244,1436,1902,1928]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E658FB928FAE2479B" box="[1244,1347,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diadema</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
were documented by
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826025D4E60DAB9D4FDD447BE" author="Liao, Y. &amp; Clark, A. M." box="[393,629,1938,1965]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref40906" refString="Liao, Y. &amp; Clark, A. M. (1995) The Echinoderms of Southern China. Science Press, Beijing, 614 pp." type="book" year="1995">Liao &amp; Clark (1995)</bibRefCitation>
. Both species are significant as subjects for understanding relationships between species across the tropical-Indo-Pacific region (e.g. Lessios 2000).
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26025D4E62B1B9F0FB0847C3" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[994,1193,1974,2000]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E62B1B9F0FB0847C3" box="[994,1193,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in particular has been the cause of coral bioerosion in
<collectingCountry id="F301763926025D4E60AEB99DFD2147E6" box="[509,640,2011,2037]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826025D4E63DCB99CFCCC47E7" author="Dumont, C. P. &amp; Lau, D. C. C. &amp; Astudillo, J. C. &amp; Fong, K. F. &amp; Chak, S. T. C. &amp; Qiu, J. W." box="[655,877,2010,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="71 - 79" refId="ref38537" refString="Dumont, C. P., Lau, D. C. C., Astudillo, J. C., Fong, K. F., Chak, S. T. C. &amp; Qiu, J. W. (2013) Coral bioerosion by the sea urchin Diadema setosum in Hong Kong: Susceptibility of different coral species. Journal of Experiment Marine Biology and Ecology, 441, 71 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jembe. 2013.01.018" type="journal article" year="2013">
Dumont
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E63A0B99DFC8447E7" box="[755,805,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826025D4E622AB99CFB8747E7" author="Qiu, J. W. &amp; Lau, D. C. C. &amp; Cheang, C. &amp; Chow, W." box="[889,1062,2010,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="783 - 788" refId="ref42267" refString="Qiu, J. W., Lau, D. C. C., Cheang, C. &amp; Chow, W. (2014) Community-level destruction of hard corals by the sea urchin Diadema setosum. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 85 (2), 783 - 788. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marpolbul. 2013.12.012" type="journal article" year="2014">
Qiu
<emphasis id="B962EABB26025D4E62F9B99DFC7A47E7" box="[938,987,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D6194BED1FEFA419A" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Both species are widely occurring throughout the Indo-Pacific.
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D62DDBED1FBF840A3" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[910,1113,151,177]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D62DDBED1FBF840A3" box="[910,1113,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prefers exposed settings and is recorded from deeper depths (
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26015D4D6356BEFDFDFC40C6" box="[517,605,187,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="30.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="0.0">0–60 m</quantity>
) (
<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26015D4D6326BEFDFD6D40C6" box="[629,716,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-172@13.[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Diadema spp. A. D. setosum. B. D. savignyi. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021536/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
) compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D6223BEFDFB9940C7" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[880,1080,187,213]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D6223BEFDFB9940C7" box="[880,1080,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which prefers sheltered sites at shallower depths, from
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26015D4D60F1BE99FE5940EA" box="[418,504,223,249]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="0.0">0–30 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826015D4D635BBE99FD0340EA" author="Schultz, H." box="[520,674,222,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref42527" refString="Schultz, H. (2015) Echinodermata. Vol. 1. Echinoidea. Handbook of Zoology. De Gruyter, Berlin, 386 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110368574" type="book" year="2015">Schultz 2015</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D6386BE99FCF840EA" box="[725,857,223,249]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D6232BE99FC4340EB" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[865,994,223,248]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D6232BE99FC4340EB" box="[865,994,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D. savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been observed at Tung Ping Chau, Sung Kong and Wang Lan Island (
<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26015D4D6344BF45FDCC410E" box="[535,621,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-172@13.[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Diadema spp. A. D. setosum. B. D. savignyi. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021536/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
) at deeper depths,&gt; 10.0 m in rocky habitats and but is more rarely seen.
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826015D4D61C4BF61FE294152" author="Liao, Y. &amp; Clark, A. M." box="[151,392,294,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref40906" refString="Liao, Y. &amp; Clark, A. M. (1995) The Echinoderms of Southern China. Science Press, Beijing, 614 pp." type="book" year="1995">Liao &amp; Clark (1995)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D60A9BF61FD664153" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[506,711,295,321]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D60A9BF61FD664153" box="[506,711,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as being very abundant at Hainan Island, such that the spines prevented steps between them.
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D60A0BF0DFD1B4177" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[499,698,331,357]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D60A0BF0DFD1B4177" box="[499,698,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been observed at Sharp Island (
<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26015D4D6514BF0DFB3E4176" box="[1095,1183,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-172@13.[277,1310,900,1675]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Diadema spp. A. D. setosum. B. D. savignyi. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021536/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
), and is more common in eastern waters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C652226015D4D6194BFD5FE3841E6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D6194BFD5FE3841E6" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D6194BFD5FE3341BF" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[199,402,403,429]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignvi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D6194BFD5FE3341BF" box="[199,402,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema savignvi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by a black anal cone and bold blue arch of iridophore pattern on the genital plates, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D601CBFF1FDBB41C3" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[335,538,439,465]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D601CBFF1FDBB41C3" box="[335,538,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears white with an orange ring on its anal cone and blue spotted iridophore pattern (
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826015D4D61A7BF9DFE2C41E6" author="Schultz, H." box="[244,397,474,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref42527" refString="Schultz, H. (2015) Echinodermata. Vol. 1. Echinoidea. Handbook of Zoology. De Gruyter, Berlin, 386 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110368574" type="book" year="2015">Schultz 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C652226015D4D61C4BC7AFE0F42D0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D61C4BC7AFE6B4245" blockId="14.[151,458,572,598]" box="[151,458,572,598]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D61C4BC7AFE6B4245" bold="true" box="[151,458,572,598]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Occurrence/Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D61C4BCC2FEC3428D" blockId="14.[151,1436,644,779]" box="[151,354,644,670]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0E181C526015D4D61C4BCC2FEC3428D" box="[151,354,644,670]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D61C4BCC2FEC3428D" ID-CoL="3585Z" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[151,354,644,670]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D61C4BCC2FEC3428D" box="[151,354,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D6194BCEFFE0F42D0" blockId="14.[151,1436,644,779]" box="[199,430,680,707]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D6194BCEFFEEC42D0" box="[199,333,681,707]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26015D4D600ABCEEFE0F42D0" box="[345,430,680,707]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="13.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="1.0">1–25 m</quantity>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C652226015D4D6194BC8AFE0F4364" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D6194BC8AFEF04318" blockId="14.[151,1436,644,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<location id="8EC9607226015D4D6194BC8AFEBF42F5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388:8EC9607226015D4D6194BC8AFEBF42F5" box="[199,286,716,742]" country="Hong Kong" county="Hawaiian Islands" municipality="West" name="Outside" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Outside</location>
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D6075BC8BFE0D42F4" box="[294,428,717,743]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, throughout the
<location id="8EC9607226015D4D6330BC8AFD5142F5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388:8EC9607226015D4D6330BC8AFD5142F5" box="[611,752,716,742]" country="Hong Kong" county="Hawaiian Islands" municipality="West" name="Indo-Pacific" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Indo-Pacific</location>
, except
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D621FBC8AFC0A42F5" box="[844,939,716,742]" name="Pakistan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCDACD326015D4D62B1BC8BFBB842F4" box="[994,1049,717,743]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">West</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D6573BC8AFBFD42F5" box="[1056,1116,716,742]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D653BBC8AFB7142F5" box="[1128,1232,716,742]" name="Maldives" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Maldives</collectingCountry>
and the
<collectingCounty id="62C84E2526015D4D6462BC8AFF484319" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hawaiian Islands</collectingCounty>
,
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26015D4D61A6BCB6FEEC4318" box="[245,333,752,779]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="003BD19A26015D4D61A6BCB6FEEC4318" box="[245,333,752,779]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="0.0">0–30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D61C4BD7EFEFE4341" blockId="14.[151,1430,824,923]" box="[151,351,824,850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0E181C526015D4D61C4BD7EFEFE4341" box="[151,351,824,850]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26015D4D61C4BD7EFEFE4341" ID-CoL="35864" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[151,351,824,850]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="setosum">
<emphasis id="B962EABB26015D4D61C4BD7EFEFE4341" box="[151,351,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadema setosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D6194BD1BFE0F4364" blockId="14.[151,1430,824,923]" box="[199,430,860,887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D6194BD1BFEEC4364" box="[199,333,861,887]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26015D4D600ABD1AFE0F4364" box="[345,430,860,887]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="15.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="1.0">1–30 m</quantity>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C652226015D4D6194BDC6FA374388" box="[199,1430,896,923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA936A926015D4D6194BDC6FA374388" blockId="14.[151,1430,824,923]" box="[199,1430,896,923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<location id="8EC9607226015D4D6194BDC6FEBF4389" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26025D4D61C4BD6BFA374388:8EC9607226015D4D6194BDC6FEBF4389" box="[199,286,896,922]" country="Hong Kong" name="Outside" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Outside</location>
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D6076BDC7FE0D4388" box="[293,428,897,923]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, southern
<collectingCountry id="F301763926015D4D634DBDC6FDC04389" box="[542,609,896,922]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">China</collectingCountry>
and throughout the Indo-Pacific.
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26015D4D6288BDC6FB924388" box="[987,1075,896,923]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="30.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="003BD19A26015D4D6288BDC6FB924388" box="[987,1075,896,923]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="30.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="0.0">0–60 m</elevation>
</quantity>
. (based on
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826015D4D65E2BDC6FA284388" author="Liao, Y. &amp; Clark, A. M." box="[1201,1417,896,923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref40906" refString="Liao, Y. &amp; Clark, A. M. (1995) The Echinoderms of Southern China. Science Press, Beijing, 614 pp." type="book" year="1995">Liao &amp; Clark 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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