632 lines
110 KiB
XML
632 lines
110 KiB
XML
<document id="9AF77E699BDFBFB0134061D78E57C9F8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.1.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8158357" ID-ZooBank="161E8842-5DB1-40CA-A4B7-2287462D86E1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1689663496356" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bennett, Robb, Copley, Claudia & Copley, Darren" docDate="2023" docId="03BF87ABE427070609BEF24A60B4F844" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.1.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rothaeina Bennett & Copley & Copley 2023, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="FF86FFD3E42907170929F7706528FFC9" masterDocTitle="Revision of the western Nearctic spider genus Cybaeina including the description of Neocybaeina gen. nov. and Rothaeina gen. nov. (Araneae: Cybaeidae: Cybaeinae)" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1689879812679" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="353C068EB2A76C70F8C6E580FCC0B886">Revision of the western Nearctic spider genus Cybaeina including the description of Neocybaeina gen. nov. and Rothaeina gen. nov. (Araneae: Cybaeidae: Cybaeinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4CED36DC7B7083DC404A7E39307F9F2A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FDE2FF9D6EF0D871772E57E107A8D537">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="30764109CC51B514842C87BA999145A1">Bennett, Robb</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="008995F2B4535938F812F5C4B9139237">robb. bennett @ shaw. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6587 - 7079</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="55FE02FA2C3520B1ABD5461BFC4DAC28" type="email">robb.bennett@shaw.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2AD5A13B705D16A7E40C1C6733DAAA34">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="528116860D05F703991E9C22A56C2910">Copley, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9968087B1ADE91D40DB86F28D4442244" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8184-5819</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="3EE8FC59462CBC07EC231FED5D004D20">ccopley @ royalbcmuseum. bc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8184 - 5819</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5CD593846E93B5D9EFF22C9ECD490F5D" type="email">ccopley@royalbcmuseum.bc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4DF7D43B6834AB869053A136A754E63E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DF55B32F15E7D366773F75E441323CBE">Copley, Darren</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B5DBFBAB11AA05E0F600458FB8961BE2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1944-4272</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="48589CFE449657BB5F5B4E6BE726CB62">dcopley @ royalbcmuseum. bc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1944 - 4272</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A0DC09BE4DC326A17F4A22AFCC622645" type="email">dcopley@royalbcmuseum.bc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="84F8C90B3BC35673F48C46D4021A39B6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4B323FC1ED1E52800FDC4D244328019A">
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<mods:date id="33A7A484F3647B9494845730CB30D710">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C3043E48E11ADB24EA918E6DDD3A00B8">2023-07-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9D02145E75853AB3E089BB8F3C160447">5318</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="4E1955FF134EE1A27E040C4714C75D51">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.1.5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="102887F01D185482D50C46B1FD0D9E1A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="98BCD4CC769B024469A9979D25E1B1EF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5318.1.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="30E07C18F50D52F08E57EFFFCBB33C25" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF87ABE427070609BEF24A60B4F844" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87ABE427070609BEF24A60B4F844" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF87ABE427070609BEF24A60B4F844" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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<subSubSection id="C30C6536E427071909BEF24A64DBFA9C" box="[151,499,1338,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA936BDE427071909BEF24A64DBFA9C" blockId="14.[151,499,1338,1365]" box="[151,499,1338,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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<heading id="D0E181D1E427071909BEF24A64DBFA9C" bold="true" box="[151,499,1338,1365]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909BEF24A64DBFA9C" bold="true" box="[151,499,1338,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE427071909BEF24A6456FA9C" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,382,1338,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909BEF24A643DFA9C" bold="true" box="[151,277,1338,1365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Rothaeina</emphasis>
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Bennett
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E427071908ACF24B64DBFA9C" box="[389,499,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C6536E427071909BEF20F64BBFA1C" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA936BDE427071909BEF20F61B5FA5E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1407,1493]" box="[151,1181,1407,1431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB061193E427071909BEF20F61B5FA5E" box="[151,1181,1407,1431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE427071909BEF20F65D0FA5E" ID-CoL="3XS8" ID-ENA="880878" authority="Chamberlin and Ivie" authorityName="Chamberlin and Ivie" box="[151,248,1407,1431]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909BEF20F65D0FA5E" box="[151,248,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Cybaeina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in part)
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB710ACE4270719087EF20F64DFFA5E" author="Roth, V. D." box="[343,503,1407,1431]" page="197" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B4CE4270719087EF20F64DFFA5E" author="Roth, V. D." box="[343,503,1407,1431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" pagination="195 - 201" refId="ref22719" refString="Roth, V. D. (1952) Notes and a new species in Cybaeina. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 28, 195 - 201." type="journal article" year="1952">Roth 1952: 197</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 2, 4–5.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB710ACE42707190B53F20F665FFA5E" author="Roth, V. D. & Brown, W. L." box="[634,887,1407,1431]" page="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B4CE42707190B53F20F665FFA5E" author="Roth, V. D. & Brown, W. L." box="[634,887,1407,1431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref22784" refString="Roth, V. D. & Brown, W. L. (1986) Catalog of Nearctic Agelenidae. The Museum Texas Tech University Occasional Papers, 99, 1 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 142809" type="journal article" year="1986">Roth and Brown 1986: 2</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B4CE42707190AA8F20F61B1FA5E" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[897,1177,1407,1431]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" refId="ref23160" refString="World Spider Catalog (2023) World Spider Catalog. Version 24. Natural History Museum, Bern. Available from: https: // wsc. nmbe. ch / (accessed 5 March 2023) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2023">World Spider Catalog 2023</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE427071909BEF2EE64BBFA1C" blockId="14.[151,1437,1407,1493]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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“New genus #1”
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B4CE42707190863F2EE64D6FA7F" author="Bennett, R. G." box="[330,510,1438,1462]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref20845" refString="Bennett, R. G. (2005) Cybaeidae. In: Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P. E. & Roth, V. D. (Eds.), Spiders of North America: an Identification Manual. American Arachnological Society, pp. 85 - 90." type="book chapter" year="2005">Bennett 2005: 88</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figs 22.11, 22.35–22.36, 22.38, 22.40–22.43.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B4CE42707190ACBF2EE61BFFA7F" author="Bennett, R. G." box="[994,1175,1438,1462]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" pagination="96 - 101" refId="ref20957" refString="Bennett, R. G. (2017) Cybaeidae. In: Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P. E. & Roth, V. D. (Eds.), Spiders of North America: an Identification Manual, 2 nd ed. American Arachnological Society, pp. 96 - 101." type="book chapter" year="2017">Bennett 2017: 99</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figs 23.11, 23.35–22.36, 23.38, 23.40–22.43.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30C6536E427071909BEF17367AFF9D4" box="[151,647,1538,1565]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" type="type_taxon">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE427071909BEF17367AFF9D4" blockId="14.[151,1437,1538,1925]" box="[151,647,1538,1565]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909BEF173641AF9D5" bold="true" box="[151,306,1538,1565]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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||
<typeStatus id="54AD881FE427071909BEF17365FAF9D4" box="[151,210,1539,1565]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190810F17367AAF9D4" authority="Roth 1952" authorityName="Roth" authorityYear="1952" box="[313,642,1538,1565]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sequoia">
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190810F173672BF9D5" box="[313,515,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Cybaeina sequoia</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF874B4CE42707190B23F17367AAF9D4" author="Roth, V. D." box="[522,642,1538,1565]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" pagination="195 - 201" refId="ref22719" refString="Roth, V. D. (1952) Notes and a new species in Cybaeina. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 28, 195 - 201." type="journal article" year="1952">Roth 1952</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30C6536E427071909EEF15766FAF9AC" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BA936BDE427071909EEF15766FAF9AC" blockId="14.[151,1437,1538,1925]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909EEF1576466F988" bold="true" box="[199,334,1575,1601]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus name, feminine in gender, is a contraction of “Vincent Roth’s
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190D86F1576032F988" box="[1199,1306,1575,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190D86F1576032F988" box="[1199,1306,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Cybaeina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” and, with affection, honours Vince’s lifelong interest in Nearctic Cybaeinae spiders.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30C6536E427071909EEF11E641FF84C" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE427071909EEF11E641FF84C" blockId="14.[151,1437,1538,1925]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909EEF11E646AF941" bold="true" box="[199,322,1646,1672]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Females of
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE427071908E7F11F6769F940" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[462,577,1647,1673]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071908E7F11F6769F940" box="[462,577,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Rothaeina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190B63F11F679CF940" bold="true" box="[586,692,1647,1673]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E42707190B63F11F679CF940" box="[586,692,1647,1673]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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are readily distinguished from other Cybaeinae with conspicuous paired, elongate, usually overlapping ventral tibia I macrosetae (
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<figureCitation id="132D2A38E42707190A4CF1E36680F964" box="[869,936,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="2.[152,270,779,803]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,291,756]" captionTargetId="figure-108@2.[151,1436,291,756]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Cybaeina and Rothaeina gen. nov. species (1 C. minuta female from Tofino, British Columbia; 2 R. petersoni spec. nov. male from vicinity of Yuba Pass, California). 1 Eye group, anterior. 2 Patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi of legs I and II, ventral showing ventral tibial macrosetal pattern of 2(+1p)-2-2-2-2-0 on leg I and 2(+1p)-2-2-2-1-2-0 on leg II. AME—anterior median eyes, I—leg 1, II—leg II, Mt—metatarsus, Pt—patella, Ti—tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158359/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) by their elongate, convoluted spermathecae with heads, stalks, and bases slender and of similar diameter (
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<figureCitation id="132D2A38E42707190A43F1C766C7F918" box="[874,1007,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Figs 67–69</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132D2A38E42707190AD4F1C7616EF918" box="[1021,1094,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">71–74</figureCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E42707190D7DF1C761B5F918" box="[1108,1181,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">76–79</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E42707190D85F1C761DDF918" box="[1196,1269,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">81–83</figureCitation>
|
||
); the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE427071909BEF1AB6422F93C" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,266,1755,1781]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071909BEF1AB6422F93C" box="[151,266,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Rothaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE4270719083BF1AB6454F93C" bold="true" box="[274,380,1755,1781]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E4270719083BF1AB6454F93C" box="[274,380,1755,1781]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, however, are difficult to distinguish from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190AECF1AB6118F93C" box="[965,1072,1755,1781]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190AECF1AB6118F93C" box="[965,1072,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Cybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190D41F1AB61D2F93C" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1128,1274,1755,1781]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Neocybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190D41F1AB61D2F93C" box="[1128,1274,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Neocybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190C2BF1AB6044F93C" bold="true" box="[1282,1388,1755,1781]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E42707190C2BF1AB6044F93C" box="[1282,1388,1755,1781]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
See the discussion presented in the genus diagnoses of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190BC3F18F667DF8D0" box="[746,853,1791,1817]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190BC3F18F667DF8D0" box="[746,853,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Cybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190ABBF18F610CF8D0" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[914,1060,1791,1817]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Neocybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190ABBF18F610CF8D0" box="[914,1060,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Neocybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190D07F18F61B3F8D0" bold="true" box="[1070,1179,1791,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E42707190D07F18F61B3F8D0" box="[1070,1179,1791,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In addition, the small proximal basal projection on the tegular apophysis of the male genital bulb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E42707190AC6F05361B1F8F4" box="[1007,1177,1826,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Figs 43, 48, 50</figureCitation>
|
||
) is diagnostic for three of the four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE427071908ACF03764D0F8A8" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[389,504,1863,1889]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071908ACF03764D0F8A8" box="[389,504,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Rothaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE427071908D7F037674EF8A8" bold="true" box="[510,614,1863,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E427071908D7F037674EF8A8" box="[510,614,1863,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with known males (tegular basal projection lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42707190DECF0376074F8A8" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1221,1372,1863,1889]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mackinleyi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190DECF0376074F8A8" box="[1221,1372,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">R. mackinleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42707190C4BF03765E0F84C" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E42707190C4BF03765E0F84C" pageId="14" pageNumber="111" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E427071909FEF01B6402F84C" box="[215,298,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="111">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF696635E426071809B1F05A677AF83E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8158377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158377/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" startId="15.[152,270,1834,1858]" targetBox="[151,1436,182,1810]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE426071809B1F05A677AF83E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1834,2039]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE426071809B1F05A6476F88B" bold="true" box="[152,350,1834,1858]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">FIGURES 36–42.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE4260718084EF05A64C3F88B" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[359,491,1834,1858]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Neocybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE4260718084EF05A64C3F88B" box="[359,491,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">Neocybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE426071808DCF05B677EF88A" bold="true" box="[501,598,1835,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E426071808DCF05B677EF88A" box="[501,598,1835,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
species, females from Oregon (36–39
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE42607180ADAF05B6171F88B" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[1011,1113,1834,1858]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Neocybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xantha" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42607180ADAF05B6171F88B" box="[1011,1113,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">N. xantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42607180D4BF05B61F1F88A" bold="true" box="[1122,1241,1835,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E42607180D4BF05B61F1F88A" box="[1122,1241,1835,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 36 from Bandon, 37–39 from Roseburg; 40–42
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE426071808E4F03F6714F8AF" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[461,572,1870,1894]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Neocybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burnetti" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE426071808E4F03F6714F8AF" box="[461,572,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">N. burnetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE42607180B6AF03F6784F8AE" bold="true" box="[579,684,1871,1895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E42607180B6AF03F6784F8AE" box="[579,684,1871,1895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 40–41 from Carpenterville, 42 from Gold Beach), copulatory organ. 36, 40 Epigyne, ventral. 37–39, 41–42 Vulva (37 dorsal; 38 ventral; 39, 41 atrial openings, copulatory ducts, and heads, stalks, and proximal portion of bases of spermathecae, ventral; 42 left half of vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, BS—base of spermatheca, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca, SS—stalk of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (36, 38, 40).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF696635E439070709B1F0756029F83F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" startId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" targetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE439070709B1F0756029F83F" blockId="16.[151,1436,1797,2038]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE439070709B1F0756473F8D7" bold="true" box="[152,347,1797,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">FIGURES 43–52.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE4390707084BF07664E2F8D7" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[354,458,1798,1822]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE4390707084BF07664E2F8D7" box="[354,458,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">Rothaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE439070708F8F0766718F8D7" bold="true" box="[465,560,1798,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E439070708F8F0766718F8D7" box="[465,560,1798,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
species, males (43–44
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43907070A09F0766657F8D4" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[800,895,1798,1821]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070A09F0766657F8D4" box="[800,895,1798,1821]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">R. jamesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070AAFF07666C6F8D7" bold="true" box="[902,1006,1798,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43907070AAFF07666C6F8D7" box="[902,1006,1798,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype; 45–47
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43907070D8BF0766005F8D7" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1186,1325,1798,1822]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mackinleyi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070D8BF0766005F8D7" box="[1186,1325,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">R. mackinleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070C1DF07660B4F8D7" bold="true" box="[1332,1436,1798,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43907070C1DF07660B4F8D7" box="[1332,1436,1798,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43907070BB2F05A663DF888" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[667,789,1834,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersoni" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070BB2F05A663DF888" box="[667,789,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">R. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070A33F05A66A9F88B" bold="true" box="[794,897,1834,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43907070A33F05A66A9F88B" box="[794,897,1834,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from near Kyburz, California;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43907070D90F05A600CF888" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1209,1316,1834,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sequoia" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070D90F05A600CF888" box="[1209,1316,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">R. sequoia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43907070C00F05A60B4F88B" bold="true" box="[1321,1436,1834,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43907070C00F05A60B4F88B" box="[1321,1436,1834,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C6536E438070609EEF7E66158FC6C" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609EEF7E6674EFEAC" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609EEF7E66471FF79" bold="true" box="[199,345,150,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
As for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE4380706089AF7E7673BFF78" box="[435,531,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE4380706089AF7E7673BFF78" box="[435,531,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Cybaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in diagnoses in this paper of this genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060D0BF7E761A5FF78" box="[1058,1165,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D0BF7E761A5FF78" box="[1058,1165,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Cybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060DF9F7E7604AFF78" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1232,1378,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Neocybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060DF9F7E7604AFF78" box="[1232,1378,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Neocybaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C42F7E765E0FF1C" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C42F7E765E0FF1C" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Additional descriptive characters presented here. Small- to medium-sized spiders, carapace lengths averaging
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE9B58E438070609BEF7AF6412FF30" box="[151,314,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.145" metricValueMax="2.33" metricValueMin="1.96" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="2.145" valueMax="2.33" valueMin="1.96">1.96–2.33 mm</quantity>
|
||
(males) and
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE9B58E438070608E2F7AF6746FF30" box="[459,622,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0949999999999998" metricValueMax="2.26" metricValueMin="1.93" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="2.0949999999999998" valueMax="2.26" valueMin="1.93">1.93–2.26 mm</quantity>
|
||
(females); females usually slightly smaller than males. Legs pale yellow to light reddish brown, unmarked. Usually five complete pairs of conspicuous elongate ventral tibia I macrosetae: pattern usually 2(+1p)-2-1p-2-2-2-0 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B1AF657675FFE88" box="[563,631,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="2.[152,270,779,803]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,291,756]" captionTargetId="figure-108@2.[151,1436,291,756]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Cybaeina and Rothaeina gen. nov. species (1 C. minuta female from Tofino, British Columbia; 2 R. petersoni spec. nov. male from vicinity of Yuba Pass, California). 1 Eye group, anterior. 2 Patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi of legs I and II, ventral showing ventral tibial macrosetal pattern of 2(+1p)-2-2-2-2-0 on leg I and 2(+1p)-2-2-2-1-2-0 on leg II. AME—anterior median eyes, I—leg 1, II—leg II, Mt—metatarsus, Pt—patella, Ti—tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158359/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).Abdomen pale to gray with or without markings. Colulus a low swelling marked by two clumps of very few setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609EEF61E669BFDD0" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609EEF61E642AFE40" bold="true" box="[199,258,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Male</emphasis>
|
||
: Patellar apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E438070608C6F61F675AFE40" box="[495,626,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–59" captionStartId="18.[152,270,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-37@18.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 53–59. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (53 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 54–55 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 56–57 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; 58–59 R. sequoia comb. nov. holotype), left pedipalp. 53–54, 56, 58 Patellar apophysis and tibia, retrolateral. 55 Patella, dorsal. 57, 59 Tibia and patella, dorsal. Cy—cymbium, dRTA—distal component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, mRTA—medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, PTA—patellar apophysis. Unlabelled arrow indicates basal hump of patellar apophysis (59). Note: in Figs 53, 58–59 the distal end of the mRTA is a rigid spine-like process; in Figs 56–57 the mRTA terminates distally in a basally articulated macroseta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 53–59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B57F61F67D9FE40" box="[638,753,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–65" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1253,1277]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-24@19.[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 60–65. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (60–62 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 63 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 64–65 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California), left pedipalp. 60 Proximal arm of tegular apophysis, ventral. 61 Medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, retrolateral. 62, 64–65 Patellar apophysis, dorsal. 63 Tip of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, retrolateral. Unlabelled arrows indicate diagnostic characters: basal projection of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (60); dorso-basal group of peg setae (62); dorsal keel of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (63); large and small peg setae (64–65)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">62, 64–65</figureCitation>
|
||
) variable, species diagnostic, with usually four or fewer peg setae. Retrolateral tibial apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B07F6E3662EFE64" box="[558,774,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–59" captionStartId="18.[152,270,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-37@18.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 53–59. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (53 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 54–55 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 56–57 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; 58–59 R. sequoia comb. nov. holotype), left pedipalp. 53–54, 56, 58 Patellar apophysis and tibia, retrolateral. 55 Patella, dorsal. 57, 59 Tibia and patella, dorsal. Cy—cymbium, dRTA—distal component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, mRTA—medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, PTA—patellar apophysis. Unlabelled arrow indicates basal hump of patellar apophysis (59). Note: in Figs 53, 58–59 the distal end of the mRTA is a rigid spine-like process; in Figs 56–57 the mRTA terminates distally in a basally articulated macroseta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 53–54, 56–59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060A3AF6E36618FE64" box="[787,816,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–65" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1253,1277]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-24@19.[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 60–65. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (60–62 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 63 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 64–65 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California), left pedipalp. 60 Proximal arm of tegular apophysis, ventral. 61 Medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, retrolateral. 62, 64–65 Patellar apophysis, dorsal. 63 Tip of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, retrolateral. Unlabelled arrows indicate diagnostic characters: basal projection of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (60); dorso-basal group of peg setae (62); dorsal keel of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (63); large and small peg setae (64–65)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">61</figureCitation>
|
||
) bipartite with variable distal and medial components, either may be species diagnostic depending on species; distal component nearly as long as tibia. Genital bulb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C43F6C765F7FE3C" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 43–51</figureCitation>
|
||
) with simple elongate, thin embolus; tegular apophysis well developed with distal arm large, somewhat species diagnostic and proximal arm variable, often species diagnostic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609EEF55261A2FD38" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609EEF5526436FDF4" bold="true" box="[199,286,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: Epigyne (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E438070608B5F55364DCFDF4" box="[412,500,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 66</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B2BF5536709FDF4" box="[514,545,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">70</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B04F5526763FDF4" box="[557,587,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">75</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B70F553675EFDF4" box="[601,630,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">80</figureCitation>
|
||
) with single medial or anteromedial, transverse, usually inconspicuous atrium (except usually prominent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060B15F5376797FDA8" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[572,703,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beaudini" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060B15F5376797FDA8" box="[572,703,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. beaudini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060BE0F5376616FDA8" bold="true" box="[713,830,583,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060BE0F5376616FDA8" box="[713,830,583,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060A66F537668DFDA8" box="[847,933,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vulva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060D27F53761BAFDA8" box="[1038,1170,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 67–69</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060D89F53761C1FDA8" box="[1184,1257,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">71–74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060DDFF5376068FDA8" box="[1270,1344,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">76–79</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C64F53760BCFDA8" box="[1357,1428,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">81–83</figureCitation>
|
||
) with copulatory ducts very short, heavily sclerotized, proceeding anteriorly from atrium, separate or contiguous at atrium, readily visible ventrally through integument of uncleared epigynes as two darkened areas at lateral edges of atrium; spermathecal heads close to anterior margin of atrium; Bennett’s glands usually inconspicuous, obscured by loops of spermathecal ducts; fertilization ducts attached posteriorly to spermathecal bases.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609EEF58A6158FC6C" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609EEF58A670FFCDD" bold="true" box="[199,551,762,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Composition and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B12F58B6796FCDC" box="[571,702,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–86" captionStartId="28.[152,270,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@28.[177,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 84–86. Distributions of Neocybaeina gen. nov. and Rothaeina gen. nov. species (84 Neocybaeina burnetti spec. nov. and N. xantha comb. nov.; 85 Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., R. jamesi spec. nov., R. mackinleyi spec. nov., and R. sequoia comb. nov.; 86 Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov.) AZ—Arizona, CA—California, ID—Idaho, MT—Montana, OR—Oregon, NV—Nevada, UT—Utah, WA—Washington." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158395/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 85–86</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060A5CF58B66C0FCDC" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[885,1000,763,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060A5CF58B66C0FCDC" box="[885,1000,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Rothaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060AC7F58B617EFCDC" bold="true" box="[1006,1110,763,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060AC7F58B617EFCDC" box="[1006,1110,763,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
have restricted ranges within an area encompassing southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D2F85FE43807060B00F46F6755FCF0" box="[553,637,799,825]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
south to San Mateo County and Yosemite National Park in, respectively, central western and eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D2F85FE438070608E6F433676CFC94" box="[463,580,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
. We recognize five species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060AA8F433612AFC94" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[897,1026,835,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beaudini" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060AA8F433612AFC94" box="[897,1026,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. beaudini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D20F4336154FC94" bold="true" box="[1033,1148,835,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060D20F4336154FC94" box="[1033,1148,835,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(females only),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060C1DF43360B4FC95" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1332,1436,835,860]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C1DF43360B4FC95" box="[1332,1436,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. jamesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609BEF4176422FC48" bold="true" box="[151,266,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E438070609BEF4176422FC48" box="[151,266,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060831F4176498FC48" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[280,432,871,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mackinleyi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060831F4176498FC48" box="[280,432,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. mackinleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060891F4176703FC48" bold="true" box="[440,555,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060891F4176703FC48" box="[440,555,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060B10F41767E8FC49" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[569,704,871,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersoni" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060B10F41767E8FC49" box="[569,704,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060BE1F4176612FC48" bold="true" box="[712,826,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060BE1F4176612FC48" box="[712,826,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060A51F41766C6FC49" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[888,1006,871,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sequoia" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060A51F41766C6FC49" box="[888,1006,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. sequoia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060ADFF417615EFC48" bold="true" box="[1014,1142,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060ADFF417615EFC48" box="[1014,1142,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The latter two species are relatively common within their distributions; the other three species are rarely recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C6536E438070609BEF48760B4F844" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" type="key">
|
||
<DOI id="FF87F6CDE438070609BEF48760B4F844" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF48767A7FBD8" blockId="17.[151,655,1014,1077]" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<heading id="D0E181D1E438070609BEF48767A7FBD8" bold="true" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609BEF48767A7FBD8" bold="true" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
Key to the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE438070608B4F4866733FBD8" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[413,539,1014,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070608B4F4866733FBD8" bold="true" box="[413,539,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Rothaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060B0BF48767A7FBD8" box="[546,655,1015,1041]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF36B6747FBFC" blockId="17.[151,655,1014,1077]" box="[151,623,1051,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
(male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE438070609D5F36B6455FBFC" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[252,381,1051,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beaudini" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070609D5F36B6455FBFC" box="[252,381,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">R. beaudini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE438070608ADF36B64DFFBFC" bold="true" box="[388,503,1051,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E438070608ADF36B64DFFBFC" box="[388,503,1051,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
unknown)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF31060B4FB79" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF31060B4FBBC" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" box="[151,1436,1120,1142]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF31060B4FBBC" box="[151,1436,1120,1142]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">1. Males.............................................................................................. 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF30D60B4FB79" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF30D60B4FB79" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Females. (Intraspecific variability and interspecific similarity of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060ABEF30D66D2FB5B" authority="Bennett & Copley & Copley, 2023" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[919,1018,1149,1170]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060ABEF30D66D2FB5B" box="[919,1018,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Rothaeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D29F30D6172FB5B" bold="true" box="[1024,1114,1149,1170]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060D29F30D6172FB5B" box="[1024,1114,1149,1170]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
renders specimens often difficult to identify with confidence; use the female key couplets with caution.)........................................... 5
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF3C860B4FAEC" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF3C860B4FACE" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF3C860B4FACE" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
2(1). Proximal arm of tegular apophysis with dorsal keel, usually acuminate in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060D00F3C86158FB04" box="[1065,1136,1207,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
), acuminate or somewhat blunt in retrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E4380706088BF3A564C3FB22" box="[418,491,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E438070608DDF3A56726FB22" box="[500,526,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–65" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1253,1277]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-24@19.[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 60–65. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (60–62 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 63 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 64–65 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California), left pedipalp. 60 Proximal arm of tegular apophysis, ventral. 61 Medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, retrolateral. 62, 64–65 Patellar apophysis, dorsal. 63 Tip of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, retrolateral. Unlabelled arrows indicate diagnostic characters: basal projection of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (60); dorso-basal group of peg setae (62); dorsal keel of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (63); large and small peg setae (64–65)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">63</figureCitation>
|
||
), obscured in ventro-retrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060AA9F3A566EEFB23" box="[896,966,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
); distal component of retrolateral tibial apophysis extended distally over base of cymbium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B47F382679CFAC1" box="[622,692,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–59" captionStartId="18.[152,270,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-37@18.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 53–59. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (53 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 54–55 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 56–57 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; 58–59 R. sequoia comb. nov. holotype), left pedipalp. 53–54, 56, 58 Patellar apophysis and tibia, retrolateral. 55 Patella, dorsal. 57, 59 Tibia and patella, dorsal. Cy—cymbium, dRTA—distal component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, mRTA—medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, PTA—patellar apophysis. Unlabelled arrow indicates basal hump of patellar apophysis (59). Note: in Figs 53, 58–59 the distal end of the mRTA is a rigid spine-like process; in Figs 56–57 the mRTA terminates distally in a basally articulated macroseta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
).....................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060D55F382601DFAC1" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1148,1333,1266,1288]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mackinleyi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D55F38261CCFACE" box="[1148,1252,1266,1287]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">mackinleyi</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F38260B4FACE" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1266,1287]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F38260B4FACE" box="[1338,1436,1266,1287]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF26060B4FAEC" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" box="[151,1436,1296,1318]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF26060B4FAEC" box="[151,1436,1296,1318]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">- Tegular apophysis and retrolateral tibial apophysis otherwise................................................... 3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF25D60B4FA96" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF25D60B4FA8B" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" box="[151,1436,1325,1347]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF25D60B4FA8B" box="[151,1436,1325,1347]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
3(2). Patellar apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E438070608B7F25D64CCFA8A" box="[414,484,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–59" captionStartId="18.[152,270,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-37@18.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 53–59. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (53 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 54–55 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 56–57 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; 58–59 R. sequoia comb. nov. holotype), left pedipalp. 53–54, 56, 58 Patellar apophysis and tibia, retrolateral. 55 Patella, dorsal. 57, 59 Tibia and patella, dorsal. Cy—cymbium, dRTA—distal component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, mRTA—medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, PTA—patellar apophysis. Unlabelled arrow indicates basal hump of patellar apophysis (59). Note: in Figs 53, 58–59 the distal end of the mRTA is a rigid spine-like process; in Figs 56–57 the mRTA terminates distally in a basally articulated macroseta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
) distad with prominent basal “shoulder”........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060DB0F25E6001FA8A" authority="(Roth)" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1177,1321,1325,1347]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sequoia" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060DB0F25E61CCFA8A" box="[1177,1252,1326,1347]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">sequoia</emphasis>
|
||
(Roth)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C07F25D60B4FA8B" bold="true" box="[1326,1436,1325,1346]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C07F25D60B4FA8B" box="[1326,1436,1325,1346]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF23B60B4FA96" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" box="[151,1436,1354,1376]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF23B60B4FA96" box="[151,1436,1354,1376]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Patellar apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E438070608B7F23A6719FAA9" box="[414,561,1354,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–59" captionStartId="18.[152,270,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-37@18.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 53–59. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (53 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 54–55 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 56–57 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; 58–59 R. sequoia comb. nov. holotype), left pedipalp. 53–54, 56, 58 Patellar apophysis and tibia, retrolateral. 55 Patella, dorsal. 57, 59 Tibia and patella, dorsal. Cy—cymbium, dRTA—distal component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, mRTA—medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, PTA—patellar apophysis. Unlabelled arrow indicates basal hump of patellar apophysis (59). Note: in Figs 53, 58–59 the distal end of the mRTA is a rigid spine-like process; in Figs 56–57 the mRTA terminates distally in a basally articulated macroseta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 53, 56–57</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B12F23A67B4FAA9" box="[571,668,1354,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–65" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1253,1277]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-24@19.[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 60–65. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (60–62 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 63 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 64–65 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California), left pedipalp. 60 Proximal arm of tegular apophysis, ventral. 61 Medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, retrolateral. 62, 64–65 Patellar apophysis, dorsal. 63 Tip of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, retrolateral. Unlabelled arrows indicate diagnostic characters: basal projection of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (60); dorso-basal group of peg setae (62); dorsal keel of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (63); large and small peg setae (64–65)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">62, 64–65</figureCitation>
|
||
) dorsad with “shoulder” absent or not prominent....................... 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF21860B4FA1C" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF21860B4FA53" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF21860B4FA53" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
4(3). Proximal arm of tegular apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B12F2186780FAB4" box="[571,680,1384,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 48–49</figureCitation>
|
||
) slender, smoothly curved, with tip acuminate in ventral view..........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060DA3F2F6601DFA53" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1162,1333,1413,1435]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersoni" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060DA3F2F661CBFA52" box="[1162,1251,1414,1435]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F2F560B4FA53" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1413,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F2F560B4FA53" box="[1338,1436,1413,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF2D360B4FA1C" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF2D360B4FA1C" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Proximal arm of tegular apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B12F2D26781FA7E" box="[571,681,1442,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[173,1413,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-37@16.[170,1416,181,1774]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (43–44 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 45–47 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 48–49 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California; R. sequoia comb. nov. 50, 52 from Pepperwood, California, 51 from Carlotta, California), left pedipalp. 43, 45, 48, 50 Genital bulb, ventral. 44, 46, 49 Tegular apophysis and embolus, retrolateral. 47 Tegular apophysis and embolus, ventro-retrolateral. 51 Tegular apophysis, retrolateral. 52 Distal half of embolus, ventral. DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, TR—tegular ridge. Unlabelled arrows indicate dorsal keel (45–46 single shafted arrow) and basal projection (43, 48, 50 double shafted arrow) of proximal arm of tegular apophysis and small hooks (52 dashed arrow) on embolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 43–44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B9AF2D267E4FA71" box="[691,716,1442,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–65" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1253,1277]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-24@19.[151,1436,181,1229]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 60–65. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, males (60–62 R. jamesi spec. nov. holotype; 63 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Beaver Sulphur Forest Camp, Oregon; 64–65 R. petersoni spec. nov. from near Kyburz, California), left pedipalp. 60 Proximal arm of tegular apophysis, ventral. 61 Medial component of retrolateral tibial apophysis, retrolateral. 62, 64–65 Patellar apophysis, dorsal. 63 Tip of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, retrolateral. Unlabelled arrows indicate diagnostic characters: basal projection of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (60); dorso-basal group of peg setae (62); dorsal keel of proximal arm of tegular apophysis (63); large and small peg setae (64–65)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">60</figureCitation>
|
||
) bulky, angular, slightly twisted, with tip blunt in ventral view........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060D8CF2B0601DFA1C" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1189,1333,1472,1493]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D8CF2B061CCFA1C" box="[1189,1252,1472,1493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">jamesi</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F2B060B4FA1C" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1472,1493]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F2B060B4FA1C" box="[1338,1436,1472,1493]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF2AD60B4F9A1" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF2AD60B4F9E7" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF2AD60B4F9E7" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
5(1). Posterior ducts of spermathecae visible ventrally through uncleared epigyne as pair of distinct ring-like structures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C0AF2AD6044FA3A" box="[1315,1388,1501,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 75</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C5FF2AD60B9FA3B" box="[1398,1425,1501,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">80</figureCitation>
|
||
); vulva broad, width usually 4–5 times atrial height (measured from epigastric groove to middle of atrium) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060DF7F28A6066F9D9" box="[1246,1358,1530,1552]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 76–79</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C7EF28A60BCF9C6" box="[1367,1428,1530,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">81–83</figureCitation>
|
||
) ................................................................................................... 6
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF14560B4F9A1" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF14560B4F9A1" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Posterior ducts of spermathecae usually not visible through uncleared epigyne as pair of rings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060D5EF14561EAF982" box="[1143,1218,1589,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 66</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060DE5F14561CFF983" box="[1228,1255,1589,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">70</figureCitation>
|
||
); vulva less broad, width usually less than 3.5 times atrial height (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B88F1226639F9A1" box="[673,785,1618,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 67–69</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060A33F122667FF9AE" box="[794,855,1618,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">71–74</figureCitation>
|
||
).............................................. 7
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF11F60B4F914" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF11F60B4F96B" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF11F60B4F96B" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
6(5). Posterior spermathecal duct rings relatively large and open (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060A15F10066AFF94C" box="[828,903,1648,1670]" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 80</figureCitation>
|
||
); copulatory ducts usually contiguous at atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C5BF1006437F96B" captionStart="FIGURES 80–83" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1436,181,1104]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 80–83. Rothaeina sequoia comb. nov. females from California (80–82 from Pepperwood; 83 from Scotia), copulatory organ. 80 Epigyne, ventral. 81–83 Vulva (81 ventral; 82–83 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (80, 82–83 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (80 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 81–83</figureCitation>
|
||
).........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060DB0F1FE6001F96A" authority="(Roth)" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1177,1321,1677,1699]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Cybaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sequoia" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060DB0F1FE61CCF96A" box="[1177,1252,1678,1699]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">sequoia</emphasis>
|
||
(Roth)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C07F1FD60B4F96B" bold="true" box="[1326,1436,1677,1698]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C07F1FD60B4F96B" box="[1326,1436,1677,1698]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF1DB60B4F914" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF1DB60B4F914" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Posterior spermathecal duct rings relatively small and tight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060A06F1DA6650F909" box="[815,888,1706,1728]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
|
||
); copulatory ducts usually separated at atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060C6FF1DA65D3F914" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="25.[152,270,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,418,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-112@25.[151,1436,417,1825]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Rothaeina petersoni spec. nov., females from California (75 from Kyburz; 76 from Sierra City; 77 from Tamarack Flat; 78 from Forest Hill; 79 from near Yuba Pass), copulatory organ. 75 Epigyne, ventral. 76–79 Vulva, dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (75–76, 78 single shafted arrows), and ring-like loops of spermathecae (75–76, 79 double shafted arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 76– 79</figureCitation>
|
||
)...........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060DA3F1B8601DF914" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1162,1333,1736,1757]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersoni" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060DA3F1B861CBF914" box="[1162,1251,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F1B860B4F914" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1736,1757]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F1B860B4F914" box="[1338,1436,1736,1757]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF19560B4F89B" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF19560B4F8DE" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF19560B4F8DE" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
7(5). Atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E4380706081EF19564A8F932" box="[311,384,1765,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
|
||
) usually prominent, U-shaped; vulva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060BD7F1956647F932" box="[766,879,1765,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="20.[152,270,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-37@20.[151,1436,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Rothaeina beaudini spec. nov., females from California (66–67 from Delta; 68 from Manzanita Lake; 69 from Lake Almanor), copulatory organ. 66 Epigyne, ventral. 67–69 Vulva (67–68 dorsal, 69 ventral). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial opening (66–67, 69)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158434/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 67–68</figureCitation>
|
||
) with medial transverse section of spermathecal ducts a minor inconspicuous feature in dorsal view............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060DB9F072601DF8D1" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1168,1333,1794,1816]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beaudini" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060DB9F07261CCF8DE" box="[1168,1252,1794,1815]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">beaudini</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F07260B4F8DE" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1794,1815]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F07260B4F8DE" box="[1338,1436,1794,1815]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF05060B4F89B" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF05060B4F89B" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E4380706081AF0506450F8FC" box="[307,376,1824,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
|
||
) usually indistinct, linear; vulva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060B9EF050660BF8FC" box="[695,803,1824,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Figs 72, 74</figureCitation>
|
||
) with medial transverse section of spermathecal ducts a prominent conspicuous feature in dorsal view........................................................................ 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30E22E18E438070609BEF02A60B4F844" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF02A60B4F8A6" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" box="[151,1436,1882,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF02A60B4F8A6" box="[151,1436,1882,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
8(7). Spermathecal ducts with an additional loop posteriorly near fertilization duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060AF8F02A613FF8A6" box="[977,1047,1882,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
|
||
)..........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060D8CF02B601DF8B9" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1189,1333,1883,1904]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D8CF02B61CCF8B9" box="[1189,1252,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">jamesi</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F02A60B4F8A6" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1882,1903]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F02A60B4F8A6" box="[1338,1436,1882,1903]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA936BDE438070609BEF00860B4F844" blockId="17.[151,1437,1120,1934]" box="[151,1436,1912,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E79588E438070609BEF00860B4F844" box="[151,1436,1912,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
- Spermathecal ducts lacking additional loop posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132D2A38E43807060BD5F0086669F844" box="[764,833,1912,1934]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,182,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-37@22.[158,1430,181,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Rothaeina gen. nov. species, females (70–72 R. jamesi spec. nov. from Klamath, California; 73–74 R. mackinleyi spec. nov. from Charleston, Oregon), copulatory organ. 70 Epigyne, ventral. 71–74 Vulva (71, 73 ventral; 72, 74 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, FD—fertilization duct, HS—head of spermatheca. Unlabelled arrows indicate atrial openings (70–71, 74 single shafted arrows), additional loop of spermatheca (72 double shafted arrow), and medial transverse sections of spermathecae (72, 74 dashed arrows)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8158438/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
).........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C164D3EE43807060D55F008601DF844" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett & Copley & Copley" authorityYear="2023" box="[1148,1333,1912,1933]" class="Arachnida" family="Cybaeidae" genus="Rothaeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mackinleyi" status="spec. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060D55F00861CCF844" box="[1148,1252,1912,1933]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">mackinleyi</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B962EAAFE43807060C13F00860B4F844" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,1912,1933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25157D4E43807060C13F00860B4F844" box="[1338,1436,1912,1933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="114" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</DOI>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |