159 lines
21 KiB
XML
159 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="37AFBFEFDB8190F9455BDD8DCC7C2458" ID-CLB-Dataset="32747" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4293.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dc2674e2-e260-4b6e-ad3a-731d610bccc5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="828475" ID-ZooBank="6FF96B5C-1F80-47ED-9962-19603DCBF550" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1500108894142" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="ÁLVARO L. PEÑA CANTERO" docDate="2017" docId="C84B87CACC30FF92E8DD07190D65F196" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4293.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4293 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Symplectoscyphus aggregatus Jaderholm 1917" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="3472FFB2CC16FFB5E84A00470F1FF553" masterDocTitle="Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Ross Sea (Antarctica) collected by the New Zealand Antarctic expedition BioRoss 2004 with RV Tangaroa" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698465181473" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C08FAD962D1D557132A6B5A5D92C2BE7">Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Ross Sea (Antarctica) collected by the New Zealand Antarctic expedition BioRoss 2004 with RV Tangaroa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4089835C0ACD2EC9C343C1FB23529090">ÁLVARO L. PEÑA CANTERO</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A3DCB9AACD29BE9DDA4E709D5507D72D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5C7B01742195BA39ADEBE457F6A6FC04">
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<mods:date id="7F84EE1C89015B932298AE1DA31DE296">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="91840BAED01B07A06834F91C1114EFD5">2017-07-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A0794F9085EEE3C06EF9039F34C65235">4293</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C84B87CACC30FF92E8DD07190D65F196" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3511389" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132548877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3511389" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C84B87CACC30FF92E8DD07190D65F196" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C84B87CACC30FF92E8DD07190D65F196" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="08F86557CC30FF93E8DD07190E14F2C9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC30FF93E8DD07190DF5F22B" blockId="38.[151,746,1886,1946]" box="[151,746,1886,1912]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="1B1581B0CC30FF93E8DD07190DF5F22B" bold="true" box="[151,746,1886,1912]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="87E24D5FCC30FF93E8DD07190DF5F22B" authority="Jaderholm, 1917" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,746,1886,1912]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aggregatus">
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC30FF93E8DD07190DF5F22B" bold="true" box="[151,746,1886,1912]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC30FF93E8DD07190EE0F22B" bold="true" box="[151,511,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Symplectoscyphus aggregatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="24734B2DCC30FF93EA4507190DFDF22B" author="Jaderholm" box="[527,738,1886,1912]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1917) Hydroids from the South Seas. Redogorelse for Norrkopings Hogre Allmanna Laroverk Lasaret, 1916 - 1917, 1 - 25, pls. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1917">Jäderholm, 1917</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC30FF93E8DD07C60E14F2C9" blockId="38.[151,746,1886,1946]" box="[151,267,1921,1946]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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(
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<figureCitation id="D8D92A59CC30FF93E8D507C60FEEF2C9" box="[159,241,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[277,1330,219,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[246,1346,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 12. Antarctoscyphus admirabilis Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 1999: A, branch internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus aggregatus (Jäderholm, 1917): B, fragment of branch with hydrothecal arrangement and shape. Symplectoscyphus anae Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2002: C, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus densus sp. nov.: D – E, fragment of branch with hydrothecal arrangement and shape; Symplectoscyphus exochus Blanco, 1982: F, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914): G, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus vanhoeffeni Totton, 1930: H, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus weddelli Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2002: I, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus sp. 1: J, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus sp. 2: K, internode with hydrotheca. (A from Stn 17; B from Stn 112; C from Stn 126; D from Stn 7 (holotype); E from Stn 97 (paratype); F from Stn 67; G from Stn 150; H from Stn 130; I, from Stn 53; J from Stn 7; K from Stn 25). Scale bar: 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/828499/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08F86557CC30FF93E8DD078E0C7FF28C" box="[151,864,1993,2015]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC30FF93E8DD078E0C7FF28C" blockId="38.[151,864,1993,2015]" box="[151,864,1993,2015]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="60F211F2CC30FF93E8DD078E0C7FF28C" box="[151,864,1993,2015]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName id="87E24D5FCC30FF93E8DD078E0ED9F28C" box="[151,454,1993,2015]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aggregatus">
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC30FF93E8DD078E0ED9F28C" box="[151,454,1993,2015]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Symplectoscyphus aggregatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="C14310CDCC30FF93E9AA078D0DC7F28C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509770" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509770" author="Pena" box="[480,728,1993,2015]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/247AF616FF88FFBFFF16FF48FA22FE6D" page="35" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="24734B2DCC30FF93E9AA078D0DAAF28C" author="Pena" box="[480,693,1993,2015]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2010 a) On a new Antarctic species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae), with an annotated checklist of the Antarctic species of the genus. Zootaxa, 2494, 29 - 44." type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">Peña Cantero, 2010a</bibRefCitation>
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: 35
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</treatmentCitation>
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(synonymy).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08F86557CC31FF92E8DD00D00E70F5AB" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E8DD00D00E70F5AB" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E8DD00D00E96F5E3" bold="true" box="[151,393,151,176]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Stn 112, strongly polysiphonic stem
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<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92EB1700DF0CABF5FC" box="[861,948,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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high, three incipient monosiphonic and unbranched stems up to
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<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92E9FB00FB0EEBF587" box="[433,500,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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high on pebble (NIWA 117571); Stn 198, fragment
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<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92EC1900FB0B89F587" box="[1107,1174,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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long, in bad condition (MNCN 2.03/632).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08F86557CC31FF92E88D01430C34F7A3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D01430DF4F4D4" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E88D01430E46F44E" bold="true" box="[199,345,260,285]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</emphasis>
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Stem
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<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92E9E701430D1DF44F" box="[429,514,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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||
high, strongly polysiphonic, ca.
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||
<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92EBD801430CC5F44F" box="[914,986,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter at base. Planar rhizoidal hydrorhiza, indicating attachment on hard substrate. Hydrothecae alternately arranged in one plane, forming two longitudinal rows, strongly packed, branches with planar aspect. Hydrothecal distal part surpassing basal part of following hydrotheca and about half of alternate one.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D01D30E69F483" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Lower-order branches originating at hydrothecal base, on one side of preceding branch. In some cases branching alternate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D019B0E02F70C" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Hydrotheca (
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<figureCitation id="D8D92A59CC31FF92E916019B0EAFF4A7" box="[348,432,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[277,1330,219,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[246,1346,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 12. Antarctoscyphus admirabilis Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 1999: A, branch internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus aggregatus (Jäderholm, 1917): B, fragment of branch with hydrothecal arrangement and shape. Symplectoscyphus anae Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2002: C, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus densus sp. nov.: D – E, fragment of branch with hydrothecal arrangement and shape; Symplectoscyphus exochus Blanco, 1982: F, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914): G, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus vanhoeffeni Totton, 1930: H, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus weddelli Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2002: I, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus sp. 1: J, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus sp. 2: K, internode with hydrotheca. (A from Stn 17; B from Stn 112; C from Stn 126; D from Stn 7 (holotype); E from Stn 97 (paratype); F from Stn 67; G from Stn 150; H from Stn 130; I, from Stn 53; J from Stn 7; K from Stn 25). Scale bar: 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/828499/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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B) almost cylindrical, straight, directed upwards, adnate to internode in more than half (usually about two thirds) of adcauline length. Free portion of adcauline hydrothecal wall roughly straight. Abcauline wall straight or with slight basal swelling. Hydrothecal aperture directed upwards, provided with three blunt cusps.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D022B0C34F7A3" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E88D022B0EF6F7D6" bold="true" box="[199,489,620,645]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Measurements (in µm).</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E9BD022B0D99F7D6" box="[503,646,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Hydrothecae</emphasis>
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: length of abcauline wall 440–450, length of free adcauline wall 210–250, length of adnate adcauline wall 220–240, diameter at aperture 160–180, diameter at diaphragm 120, maximum diameter 220.
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E9F702F30D3DF79E" box="[445,546,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cnidome</emphasis>
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: larger microbasic mastigophores, range 10.5–
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<date id="345C101CCC31FF92EC0202F30B64F79F" box="[1096,1147,692,717]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2011-10">11 x</date>
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2.5–3, mean 10.7±0.2 x 2.7±0.2 (n=10); ratio, range 3.5–4.4, mean 4.1±0.3 (n=10).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="08F86557CC31FF92E88D02BB0D65F196" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D02BB0C27F6D3" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E88D02BB0E24F646" bold="true" box="[199,315,764,789]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Although, as indicated above, the hydrothecae are alternately arranged in one plane and form two longitudinal rows, there are irregularities. In some parts of the colony, there is a tendency for the hydrothecae of each row to be slightly alternately arranged, consequently forming four longitudinal rows. In other parts, there is a change in the plane formed by the two rows of hydrothecae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D03CA0D31F143" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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In the type material of this species, the hydrothecal distal part almost reaches the basal part of the following hydrotheca and approximately the middle of the adcauline wall of the alternate one (cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="24734B2DCC31FF92EC3F03F70A8EF69B" author="Pena" box="[1141,1425,943,968]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. & Vervoort, W. (2002) Species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. Polarstern, with the description of four new species. Journal of Natural History, 36, 1509 - 1568." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Peña Cantero
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||
<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92ED5903F60A53F69B" box="[1299,1356,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
). In the material here studied the hydrothecae are even more packed, clearly overpassing the basal part of the following hydrotheca (cf.
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<figureCitation id="D8D92A59CC31FF92E9F103B00D13F143" box="[443,524,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[277,1330,219,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[246,1346,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 12. Antarctoscyphus admirabilis Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 1999: A, branch internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus aggregatus (Jäderholm, 1917): B, fragment of branch with hydrothecal arrangement and shape. Symplectoscyphus anae Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2002: C, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus densus sp. nov.: D – E, fragment of branch with hydrothecal arrangement and shape; Symplectoscyphus exochus Blanco, 1982: F, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914): G, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus vanhoeffeni Totton, 1930: H, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus weddelli Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2002: I, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus sp. 1: J, internode with hydrotheca. Symplectoscyphus sp. 2: K, internode with hydrotheca. (A from Stn 17; B from Stn 112; C from Stn 126; D from Stn 7 (holotype); E from Stn 97 (paratype); F from Stn 67; G from Stn 150; H from Stn 130; I, from Stn 53; J from Stn 7; K from Stn 25). Scale bar: 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/828499/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D045B0DE2F104" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<emphasis id="7296EACECC31FF92E88D045B0EE2F166" bold="true" box="[199,509,1052,1077]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
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Shelf species (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="24734B2DCC31FF92EAFB045B0CBFF167" author="Pena" box="[689,928,1052,1076]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2010 a) On a new Antarctic species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae), with an annotated checklist of the Antarctic species of the genus. Zootaxa, 2494, 29 - 44." type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">Peña Cantero 2010a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), collected at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92EC83045B0A0BF167" box="[1225,1300,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="24734B2DCC31FF92ED6C045B0FCCF10B" author="Jaderholm" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1917) Hydroids from the South Seas. Redogorelse for Norrkopings Hogre Allmanna Laroverk Lasaret, 1916 - 1917, 1 - 25, pls. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1917">Jäderholm 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); present material found between 222 and
|
||
<quantity id="871A9B39CC31FF92EAE504780DE6F104" box="[687,761,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.51" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="351.0">351 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="405D36DCCC31FF92E88D04220D65F196" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F08A3C81CC31FF92E88D04220D65F196" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1572325127" country="Antarctica" location="Antarctic Peninsula region" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cape">
|
||
It was known only from off Graham Land, in the
|
||
<location id="453D6007CC31FF92EB6E04230B46F12E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C84B87CACC30FF92E8DD07190D65F196:453D6007CC31FF92EB6E04230B46F12E" box="[804,1113,1124,1149]" country="Antarctica" name="Antarctic Peninsula region" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Cape">Antarctic Peninsula region</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="24734B2DCC31FF92EC2604230A34F12F" author="Jaderholm" box="[1132,1323,1124,1149]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1917) Hydroids from the South Seas. Redogorelse for Norrkopings Hogre Allmanna Laroverk Lasaret, 1916 - 1917, 1 - 25, pls. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1917">Jäderholm 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in West
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87E24D5FCC31FF92E8DD04C00E10F1F3" box="[151,271,1159,1184]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Staurotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38F5764CCC31FF92E8DD04C00E10F1F3" box="[151,271,1159,1184]" name="Antarctica" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Present material is the first record from the Ross Sea, collected off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8226F83ECC31FF92EC5604CF0B49F1F3" box="[1052,1110,1160,1184]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Adare and Adare Peninsula, pointing to a circum-Antarctic distribution.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |