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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013" ID-PMC="PMC4910507" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-8013" ID-PubMed="27346954" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e8013" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea" checkinTime="1465218162372" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dale-Skey, Natalie, Askew, Richard R., Noyes, John S., Livermore, Laurence &amp; Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2016" docId="C8002A1A304C1D5E0B2CE58BA0875920" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8013" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013" docTitle="Achrysocharoides buekkensis Erdoes 1958" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8013" masterDocId="FF9E1826DA315140A95C15484D367662" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea" masterLastPageNumber="8013" masterPageNumber="8013" pageNumber="8013" updateTime="1668123646042" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName authority="Erdoes, 1958" authorityName="Erdoes" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achrysocharoides buekkensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buekkensis">
Achrysocharoides buekkensis (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysocharis buekkensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buekkensis">Chrysocharis buekkensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Erdös">Erdoes</normalizedToken>
, 1958
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">England</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<bibRefCitation author="Askew, R. R." journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" pagination="257 - 294" title="Biology and taxonomy of species of the genus Enaysma Delucchi (Hym., Eulophidae, Entedontinae) with special reference to the British fauna" volume="125" year="1974">Askew and Ruse (1974)</bibRefCitation>
note British specimens that may be
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- record needs confirmation.
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<emphasis id="64F72D5C03FA7E08D5A994B5BCFCA310" italics="true" pageNumber="41">Echymipera rufescens</emphasis>
Peters and Doria 1875
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<emphasis id="4BC1F49C41918A6AD31D1CD5D97DEEFA" italics="true" pageNumber="41">Echymipera rufescens</emphasis>
Peters and Doria 1875
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,
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<emphasis id="142F2A23BE2D61CA0347EBD066D5BB9E" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="41">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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, Kai Isls.
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<emphasis id="89B3A80CBD94CA1AA24F914AE90D72A5" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="41">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="430137D4B7561F6A69966286965C49B9" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="41">Subspecies:</emphasis>
:
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<paragraph id="403766E77F56459313BDE7DDA5C446D3" pageNumber="41">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="3C5BBB7611622E23EC556BB4C09E0599" authority="Peters and Doria 1875" authorityName="Peters and Doria" authorityYear="1875" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Echymipera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufescens" subSpecies="rufescens">
<emphasis id="9152050A3DAE0A9E6F17B142EF89DA33" italics="true" pageNumber="41">Echymipera rufescens</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="55BF82E447A640191D3F9C241AE6B13A" italics="true" pageNumber="41">rufescens</emphasis>
Peters and Doria 1875
</taxonomicName>
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Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="AA0B12D88CA2E55F45725E75D73E27CA" authority="Tate 1948" authorityName="Tate" authorityYear="1948" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Echymipera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufescens" subSpecies="australis">
<emphasis id="B19048CDC974B41FB4EE5FB41B42DC9D" italics="true" pageNumber="41">Echymipera rufescens</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="A95E01F95B82E347FA219E3224FD5858" italics="true" pageNumber="41">australis</emphasis>
Tate 1948
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="374121FB4E4F766F5A41AE0EE5830B61" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="41">Distribution:</emphasis>
Cape York Peninsula (
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,
<collectingCountry id="5C3D20A79D888378DA11C938AC8744E3" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
); New
<collectingCountry id="672B151196FCAF557087517DFB2321BE" name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea</collectingCountry>
and DEntrecasteaux Isls; Kai and Aru Isls, Yapen Isl, and Misool Isl (
<collectingCountry id="771C439890FD3C67084C43FB70C13325" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="52AD2253E6B236580EC419DFE4E5C213" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8D20F1D7D7FB69324C63C4AB1C0FCF50" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="41">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="1B4398C8B1E611EBDC72C4C0CEECBE9E">IUCN</collectionCode>
Lower Risk (lc). Uncommon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName authority="C. Agardh ex Bornet &amp; Flahault, 1886" authorityName="C. Agardh ex Bornet &amp; Flahault" authorityYear="1886" class="Cyanophyceae" family="Rivulariaceae" genus="Calothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Calothrix pulvinata" order="Nostocales" pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="species" species="pulvinata">Calothrix pulvinata C. Agardh ex Bornet &amp; Flahault, 1886</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="10084">
<taxonomicName class="Cyanophyceae" family="Rivulariaceae" genus="Calothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Calothrix pulvinata" order="Nostocales" pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="species" species="pulvinata">Calothrix pulvinata</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="10084">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="10084">
<bibRefCitation author="Anagnostidis, K." journalOrPublisher="Nova Hedwigia" pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" pagination="309 - 335" title="U ̈ ber die Okologie einiger Spirulina Arten" volume="11" year="1966">Anagnostidis and Golubic 1966</bibRefCitation>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.51.7104" ID-PMC="PMC4489078" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-51-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14" ID-PubMed="26140023" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576310" ModsDocID="1314-2003-51-1" checkinTime="1451251513006" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wood, John R. I., Williams, Bethany R. M., Mitchell, Thomas C., Carine, Mark A., Harris, David J. &amp; Scotland, Robert W." docDate="2015" docId="C800A957CDF355EB86D4CC45F62E8A3A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 51: 1-282" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 51" docPubDate="2015-06-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.51.7104" docTitle="Convolvulus scopulatus Thulin, Nordic J. Bot. 23: 629. 2005. (Thulin 2005" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14" masterDocTitle="A foundation monograph of Convolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="282" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1668141381863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart>Wood, John R. I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK &amp; Honorary Research Associate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, Bethany R. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK &amp; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Mitchell, Thomas C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Biodiversity Research, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Maximus-von-Imhof Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Carine, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Harris, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Scotland, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">robert.scotland@plants.ox.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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103.
<taxonomicName LSID="C800A957-CDF3-55EB-86D4-CC45F62E8A3A" authority="Thulin, Nordic J. Bot. 23: 629. 2005. (Thulin 2005: 629)." authorityName="Thulin, Nordic J. Bot. 23: 629. 2005. (Thulin" authorityYear="2005" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus scopulatus" order="Solanales" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scopulatus">Convolvulus scopulatus Thulin, Nordic J. Bot. 23: 629. 2005. (Thulin 2005: 629).</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. 1 - 7 Convolvulus oppositifolius 1 leaf 2 outer sepal 3 inner sepal 4 stamen 5 ovary and stigma 6 capsule 7 seeds. From Popov 68 / 46 (BM) 8 - 12 Convolvulus jefferyi 8 leaf 9 outer sepal 10 inner sepal 11 stamen 12 ovary and style. From Greenway 10454 (K) 13 - 20 Convolvulus scopulatus 13 leaf 14 outer sepal 15 middle sepal 16 inner sepal 17 stamen 18 ovary and style 19 calyx when fruiting 20 seeds. From Miller at al. 8142 (E) 21 - 28 Convolvulus sericophyllus 21 habit showing inflorescence 22 basal leaf 23 bract 24 calyx 25 outer sepal 26 inner sepal 27 stamen 29 ovary and style. From Waring 57 (BM) 29 - 36 Convolvulus stenocladus 29 habit showing inflorescence and bracteole 30 leaf 31 outer sepal 32 inner sepal 33 stamen 34 ovary and style 35 capsule 36 seed. From Thulin 6589 (K) 37 - 43 Convolvulus socotranus 37 leaf 38 bract 39 outer sepal 40 inner sepal 41 stamen 42 ovary and style with bracteole 43 calyx and capsule 44 seed. From Balfour et al. 73 (OXF)." pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figure 14: 13-20</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
SOMALIA,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Glover &amp; Gilliland</emphasis>
686 (holotype K!; isotypes BM!, FHO!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
Slender virgate unarmed shrub of fastigiate habit to 1 m high; young stems glabrous to thinly adpressed pubescent, bluish-grey, rigid and woody when mature. Leaves sessile, usually erect, 1.5-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5 mm, linear to narrowly elliptic, acute, glabrous or minutely pubescent. Flowers 1-5 (- 8) in subsessile, bracteate, silky villous heads; peduncles 0.5-3 mm long, bracteoles 3-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2 mm, linear-lanceolate, acute, villous; outer sepals 7-9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.5 mm, lanceolate to oblong -oblanceolate, acuminate, villous, inner sepals 5-7 mm; corolla 10-12 mm long, pale blue, unlobed, midpetaline bands pilose; ovary glabrous; stigma narrowly elliptic. Capsule glabrous; seeds 1, glabrous, smooth. [
<bibRefCitation author="Thulin, M" journalOrPublisher="Flora of Somalia" pageId="212" pageNumber="213" pagination="232 - 237" refId="B360" refString="Thulin, M, 2006. Convolvulus. Flora of Somalia volume 3: 232 - 237" title="Convolvulus." volume="volume 3" year="2006">Thulin 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 235]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
Northern Somalia (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Gillett &amp; Watson</emphasis>
23869); Yemen: Hadramaut (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Rauh &amp; Lavranos</emphasis>
13262,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Thulin et al</emphasis>
. 8067, 8207,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Miller et al.</emphasis>
8142). Coastal desert.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
The type collection virtually lacks leaves. The Somalia plants and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Miller at al</emphasis>
. 8142 from Yemen have glabrous stems whereas the stems are thinly adpressed-pubescent in the other Yemen collections.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Buhl, 2006
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added by
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/21302B13-98E0-48E7-8934-7918E493AB0B" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia wallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wallacea">Baconia wallacea</taxonomicName>
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Figs 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="ABMap">A-BMap</normalizedToken>
15
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="178" pageNumber="179" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">INDONESIA: Sulawesi Utara: Dumoga-Bone National Park [exact locality uncertain].</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="178" pageNumber="179" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Holotype female: &quot;INDONESIA: Sulawesi Utara, Dumoga-BoneNP, Plot A, lowland forest, Oct. 1985, FIT, ca. 200m&quot; / &quot;R.Ent.Soc.Lond. PROJECT WALLACE, B.M. 1985-10&quot; / &quot;Caterino/Tishechkin Exosternini Voucher EXO-02560&quot; (BMNH). Paratype (1): same locality as holotype, 400 m, iii.1985, FIT (BMNH).</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="178" pageNumber="179" type="other material">
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">MALAYSIA: Sabah: Sipitang, Mendolong, 11.v.1988, S. Adebratt (MNHG).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="181" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" type="diagnostic description">
<paragraph pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Diagnostic description.</paragraph>
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Length: 1.8-1.9mm, width: 1.3-1.4mm; body elongate oval, weakly convex, glabrous; color rufobrunneus; head with frons flat, wide, ground punctation fine, secondary punctures sparse with coarser punctures dorsad, frontal stria present only along inner margin of eye, obsolete across middle, supraorbital stria present; antennal scape short, club nearly circular; epistoma straight to faintly emarginate apically; labrum about 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×wider">xwider</normalizedToken>
than long, weakly emarginate apically; both mandibles with strong, acute basal tooth; pronotum with sides weakly convergent, rounded to apex, lateral marginal stria descending to ventral edge in posterior half, continuous anteriorly with complete anterior marginal stria, lateral submarginal stria present in basal four-fifths, pronotal disk weakly depressed in anterolateral corners, with fine ground punctation, conspicuous secondary punctures interspersed at sides, becoming larger (though very shallow) toward prescutellar area; elytra with two com
<pageBreakToken pageId="179" pageNumber="180" start="start">plete</pageBreakToken>
epipleural striae, outer subhumeral stria absent, inner present in basal one-fifth or less, dorsal striae 1-4 complete to base, vaguely abbreviated apically, 4th stria arched to sutural in front, recurved slightly posterad along extreme anterior part of suture,
<pageBreakToken pageId="180" pageNumber="181" start="start">stria</pageBreakToken>
5 slightly abbreviated at base and apex, curving inward at front, sutural stria present in middle one-half, abbreviated at base and apex, elytral disk with scattered secondary punctures in apical one-fourth; prosternum moderately broad, keel weakly emarginate at base, with carinal striae complete, subparallel; prosternal lobe about two-thirds keel length, apical margin bluntly rounded, with marginal stria present only at middle; mesoventrite weakly produced at middle, with marginal stria complete; mesometaventral stria transverse, continuous laterally with inner lateral metaventral stria which extends straight posterad to inner corner of metacoxa, recurved mediad at apex, outer lateral metaventral stria present, parallel to inner stria, complete; metaventral disk coarsely punctate at sides, impunctate at middle; abdominal ventrite 1 with single, abbreviated lateral stria, small fragment of outer stria may be present, disk with
<pageBreakToken pageId="181" pageNumber="182" start="start">few</pageBreakToken>
coarse secondary punctures along anterior margin, ventrites 2-5 with sparse punctures at sides, impunctate at middle; protibia tridentate, the middle tooth weak, closer to apical than basal, outer margin serrulate between teeth; mesotibia with two very weak marginal spines; outer metatibial margin smooth, edentate; propygidium lacking basal stria, with sparse, fine ground punctation, with moderately coarser secondary punctures evenly interspersed, propygidial gland openings narrow, obliquely elongate, located about one-third behind anterior margin, about one-fourth width from each lateral margin; pygidium with sparse ground punctation and slightly coarser, secondary punctation. Male: not known.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
Figure 50. Asian species of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia aeneomicans" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneomicans">Baconia aeneomicans</taxonomicName>
group. A Dorsal habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia wallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wallacea">Baconia wallacea</taxonomicName>
B Ventral habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia wallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wallacea">Baconia wallacea</taxonomicName>
C Ventral habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia bigemina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigemina">Baconia bigemina</taxonomicName>
D Dorsal habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia adebratti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adebratti">Baconia adebratti</taxonomicName>
E Ventral habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia adebratti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adebratti">Baconia adebratti</taxonomicName>
F Dorsal habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia silvestris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">Baconia silvestris</taxonomicName>
G Ventral habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Baconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baconia silvestris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">Baconia silvestris</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="181" pageNumber="182" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">This species can be distinguished from the others in the Asian group by its shortened, separate prosternal striae (Fig. 50B), the presence of two complete lateral metaventral striae which are curved mediad apically, and by the pattern of pronotal punctation in which a median band of the pronotal disk is impunctate, but large, shallow prescutellar punctures are present on each side (Fig. 50A). The single specimen from Sabah, Malaysia has a more thoroughly punctate pronotum, and differs slightly in ventral striation, with the inner metaventral stria less distinctly curved inward at the apex, and we therefore exclude it from the type series.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="181" pageNumber="182" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
This species name refers to both the region of Wallacea and to the Natural History
<normalizedToken originalValue="Museums">Museum's</normalizedToken>
1985 Project Wallace expedition, which produced so many interesting
<taxonomicName family="Histeridae" lsidName="" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" rank="family">Histeridae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.828.32200" ID-GBIF-Dataset="883fd9fb-163a-4c5c-821f-1a60675e05ef" ID-PMC="PMC6418079" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-828-1" ID-PubMed="30940991" ID-ZBK="2A63A74D8B304C83AB747BAF6AF6984E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-828-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 828" ModsDocTitle="One hundred and three new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sulawesi" checkinTime="1552048160513" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Riedel, Alexander &amp; Narakusumo, Raden Pramesa" docDate="2019" docId="C8019D0B7D03830B7108C48C829911CD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 828: 1-153" docOrigin="ZooKeys 828" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.828.32200" docTitle="Trigonopterus inhonestus Riedel, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="4244BDF3-DB06-451F-AFAD-FB09B8398E70" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="E804FFCCFFD90005C61ECB67306EFFB7" masterDocTitle="One hundred and three new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sulawesi" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668166989935" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>One hundred and three new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sulawesi</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Riedel, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Narakusumo, Raden Pramesa</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154295678" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4244BDF3-DB06-451F-AFAD-FB09B8398E70" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8019D0B7D03830B7108C48C829911CD" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
35.
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/4244BDF3-DB06-451F-AFAD-FB09B8398E70" authority="Riedel" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trigonopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonopterus inhonestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inhonestus">Trigonopterus inhonestus Riedel</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Holotype, male (Fig. 35a). Length 3.09 mm. Color of antennae ferruginous; tarsi and tibiae dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum slender, dorsally with median carina and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows with sparse rows cream-colored scales; subapically sparsely punctate-rugose, epistome indistinct. Pronotum with disk densely punctate; punctures becoming larger towards sides; interspaces between punctures subglabrous, reticulate. Elytra with striae marked by fine hairlines and rows of punctures; intervals 1-3 irregularly punctate with smaller punctures; stria 9 along humerus with seven large, coarse punctures, externally bordered by costa; intervals subglabrous; intervals 2-3 subbasally with patch of recumbent cream-colored scales; subapically intervals 3-7 with another patch of recumbent cream-colored scales; intervals 2-3 behind middle with few scattered scales. Femora edentate. Profemur in basal 1/3 posteriorly with callus. Meso- and metafemur on dorsal edge densely squamose with cream-colored scales; anteroventral ridge simple, distinct. Metafemur subapically with indistinct stridulatory patch. Mesocoxa with dense cluster of erect white scales. Abdominal ventrites 1-2 concave, subglabrous microreticulate, sublaterally with coarse punctures; ventrite 5 with shallow impression, at middle, subglabrous, sublaterally coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 35b) with sides diverging, anteriorly converging to subangulate apex, with sparse setae; apodemes 2.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as body of penis; transfer apparatus symmetrical, spiniform, shorter than lateral guiding pieces; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.51-3.41 mm. Dorsal surface of females rather polished with smaller punctures. Female rostrum more slender, in apical 1/2 subglabrous, dorsally with submedian row of punctures, with sublateral furrow. Elytra with patches of scales slightly smaller or larger, but usually present; rarely abraded. Female mesocoxa with indistinct patch of short scales. Female abdominal ventrites 1-2 flat, subglabrous. Female ventrite 5 flat, punctate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Holotype (MZB): ARC2748 (GenBank # MK260641), N-Sulawesi Prov., Tomohon, Rurukan, Gn. Mahawu,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3568166">01°21.409'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.85892">124°51.535'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3561667">01°21.370'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.86127">124°51.676'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1126-1231 m, beaten, 14-V-2012. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): S-Sulawesi: 49 exx, ARC2811 (EMBL # LT603143), ARC2812 (GenBank # MK260642), ARC2813 (PCR failed), Pc. Palopo, Gn. Sampuna,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.9423168">02°56.539'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.08867">120°05.320'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.9424167">02°56.545'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.09325">120°05.595'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1038-1101 m, 29-V-2012, beaten; 8 exx, Pc. Palopo, Gn. Sampuna, 800-1050 m, 15-16-IX-1997; 8 exx, 15 km W Palopo, 11-19-VIII-1990; 22 exx, ARC3030 (GenBank # MK260653), ARC3031 (GenBank # MK260650), ARC3032 (GenBank # MK260649), Tanah Toraja, Bittuang, Gn. Ponding,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.9407666">02°56.446'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="119.63458">119°38.075'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1625 m, beaten, 09-V-2013; 25 exx, ARC3051 (GenBank # MK260651), ARC3052 (GenBank # MK260652), Tanah Toraja, Bittuang, Gn. Karoa,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.9211667">02°55.270'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="119.66965">119°40.179'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.9172">02°55.032'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="119.67275">119°40.365'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1800-2000 m, beaten, 10-V-2013; 1 ex, Tanah Toraja, Bittuang, Gn. Karoa,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.9211667">02°55.270'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="119.66965">119°40.179'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1836 m, sifted, 10-V-2013; 1 ex, ARC3208 (GenBank # MK260646), Gn. Rantemario, Melaning,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.3262167">03°19.573'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="119.95361">119°57.217'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1205 m, 07-V-2013; C-Sulawesi: 1 ex, ARC2867 (GenBank # MK260639), Pendolo, Gn. Sampuraga,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.21755">02°13.053'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.76088">120°45.653'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1178 m, 31-V-2012, beaten; 9 exx, ARC3110 (GenBank # MK260644), ARC3111 (GenBank # MK260643), Pendolo, Boe,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.0900834">02°05.405'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.64252">120°38.551'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.0907667">02°05.446'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.64198">120°38.519'E</geoCoordinate>
, 750-950 m, beaten, 15-V-2013; 2 exx, Pendolo, Boe,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.0907667">02°05.446'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.64198">120°38.519'E</geoCoordinate>
, 915 m, sifted, 15-V-2013; 1 ex, Pendolo, Boe, 21-VIII-1990; 2 exx, Pendolo, ca. 15 km -&gt; Mangkutana, 22-VIII-1990; 2 exx, ARC2879 (GenBank # MK260638), ARC2880 (GenBank # MK260656), Tentena, Taripa,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-1.8309667">01°49.858'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.78513">120°47.108'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-1.834">01°50.040'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.77776">120°46.666'E</geoCoordinate>
, 896-911 m, 02-VI-2012, beaten; 2 exx, Tentena, Tonusu, 20 km on Bada road, 19-29-IV-1994; N-Sulawesi Prov.: 58 exx, ARC2749 (GenBank # MK260640), same data as holotype; 45 exx, Tomohon, Rurukan, Gn. Mahawu,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3491833">01°20.951'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.87012">124°52.207'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1230 m, beaten, 14-V-2012; 1 ex, Gn. Mahawu, Tomohon,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3491833">01°20.951'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.87012">124°52.207'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1230 m, 14-V-2012, sifted; 1 ex, Gn. Mahawu, Tomohon,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3465166">01°20.791'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.87113">124°52.268'E</geoCoordinate>
,1230 m, sifted, 14-V-2012; 1 exx, Gn. Mahawu, Tomohon,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.34585">01°20.751'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.86882">124°52.129'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1305 m, sifted, 15-V-2012; 1 ex, Tomohon, Rurukan, Gn. Mahawu,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3568166">01°21.409'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.85892">124°51.535'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3561667">01°21.370'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.86127">124°51.676'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1126-1231 m, beaten, 14-V-2012; 143 exx, Tomohon, Rurukan, Gn. Mahawu,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.3474">01°20.844'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.87088">124°52.253'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.34585">01°20.751'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.86882">124°52.129'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1209-1305 m, beaten, 15-V-2012; 110 exx, Tomohon, Rurukan, Gn. Mahawu, 1150-1200 m, 30-XI-1999; 2 exx, ARC2799 (GenBank # MK260645), Airmadidi, Gn. Klabat,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.4394667">01°26.368'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="125.01015">125°00.609'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.44175">01°26.505'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="125.0106">125°00.636'E</geoCoordinate>
, 872-923 m, 16-V-2012, beaten; 26 exx, Gn. Soputan, Kawangkoan, Tombasi, 1200-1400 m, 02-XII-1999, beaten; 1 ex, ARC2912 (GenBank # MK260647), Kotamobagu, Modoinding, Kakenturan,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.78251666">00°46.951'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.50712">124°30.427'E</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.7842167">00°47.053'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.50688">124°30.413'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1210-1228 m, 19-V-2012, beaten; 13 exx, Gn. Ambang, Modoinding, 1200-1450 m, 12-XII-1999; 11 exx, ARC2882 (GenBank # MK260655), ARC2883 (GenBank # MK260654), ARC2884 (GenBank # MK260648), Kotamobagu, Matalibaru,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.54074997">00°32.445'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="124.23642">124°14.185'E</geoCoordinate>
, 956 m, 20-V-2012, beaten; 8 exx, Kotamobagu, Matalibaru, 700-950 m, 10-XII-1999; 4 exx, Matalibaru, road to Torosik, Gn. Tongara, 900-950 m, 08-XII-1999.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S-Sulawesi (Gn. Rantemario, Tanah Toraja, Pc. Palopo), C-Sulawesi (Pendolo, Tentena), N-Sulawesi Prov. (Tomohon, Gn. Klabat, Gn. Soputan, Modoinding, Kotamobagu). Elevation 910-1840 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Beaten from lower vegetation of montane forests that often includes tall grasses (e.g.,
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccharum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Saccharum</taxonomicName>
sp.). This species may develop in grasses, like some other members of the
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. honestus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="honestus">T. honestus</taxonomicName>
-group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This epithet is the Latin adjective inhonestus, -a, -um (disgraceful) and refers to the name of
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. honestus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="honestus">T. honestus</taxonomicName>
(Pascoe), a sibling species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trigonopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonopterus inhonestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inhonestus">Trigonopterus inhonestus</taxonomicName>
Riedel, sp. n. was coded as &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trigonopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonopterus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trigonopterus</taxonomicName>
sp. 946&quot;. This species is closely related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. honestus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="honestus">T. honestus</taxonomicName>
(Pascoe) which occurs in North Maluku and can be distinguished by a longer flagelliform transfer apparatus of the male genitalia, by a slightly larger body size, and by the absence of scale patches near the elytral base. It is the only member of the
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. honestus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="honestus">T. honestus</taxonomicName>
group currently known from Sulawesi. It occupies a relatively wide range from Mt Rantemario in South Sulawesi to Tomohon in the north. Different populations are genetically structured but appear conspecific.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.38.7288" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224238" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-38-59" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFBA8F69F571FFFCFF9FFFDDFFC86060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574845" ID-ZooBank="F1A1EDD179BE4D4AA1CC86CAB70EE912" ModsDocID="1314-2607-38-59" checkinTime="1451252299699" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hazir, Canan, Keskin, Nevin &amp; Scheuchl, Erwin" docDate="2014" docId="C801CA3B3D22400E573EDFE0C23D8FC7" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 38: 59-133" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 38" docPubDate="2014-06-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.38.7288" docTitle="Andrena delphiensis Warncke 1965" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="FFBA8F69F571FFFCFF9FFFDDFFC86060" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="FFBA8F69F571FFFCFF9FFFDDFFC86060" masterDocTitle="Faunistic, geographical and biological contributions to the bee genus Andrena (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae, Andreninae) from Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="59" pageId="55" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1643526812976" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hazir, Canan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Adnan Menderes University, Health Services Vocational College, 09100 Aydin, Turkey</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Andrena_delphiensis" authority="Warncke, 1965" authorityName="Warncke" authorityYear="1965" class="Hexapoda" family="Andrenidae" genus="Andrena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andrena delphiensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delphiensis">Andrena delphiensis Warncke, 1965</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="114" type="distribution in turkey">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="114">Distribution in Turkey.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="114">
Denizli (
<bibRefCitation author="Hazir, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="70" pageNumber="129" pagination="142 - 143" publicationUrl="10.1080/09397140.2012.10648951" refId="B14" refString="Hazir, C, Keskin, N, Scheuchl, E, 2012. First record of four species of Andrena sandbees in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Andrenidae). Zoology in the Middle East 56: 142 - 143, 10.1080/09397140.2012.10648951" title="First record of four species of Andrena sandbees in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Andrenidae)." url="10.1080/09397140.2012.10648951" volume="56" year="2012">Hazir et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="114" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="114">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="114">
Denizli:
<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="37.83361">37°50'01&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="51" value="29.047499">29°02'51&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 345 m, 12.IV.2006, 1 ♀, leg. C.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Çobanoğlu">Cobanoglu</normalizedToken>
, B.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gülcü">Guelcue</normalizedToken>
.
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11. -
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3810EC4EC6CE00B0EC8415ABE7FA67C0" pageNumber="267">Congo belge: Basongo (Dr. Schouteden), o (Musee de Tervueren).</paragraph>
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View file

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1758).
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Alto Paraguay, Alto
<normalizedToken id="8603BB577CAEB840ADB27650975AAC98" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
,
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,
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,
<normalizedToken id="C9F4E395BA05A30C09A051AFC5787518" originalValue="Canindeyú">Canindeyu</normalizedToken>
, Central,
<normalizedToken id="C43ED220EA951FFB453C67E6E4D17586" originalValue="Concepción">Concepcion</normalizedToken>
, Cordillera,
<normalizedToken id="E8407C9B2EF436F7A225B44A89FBC23C" originalValue="Itapúa">Itapua</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="9F66B8D36AFCFBBC74472E73FF95DE80" originalValue="Ñeembucú">Neembucu</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="D347D567347FD2ABFEBCB6B02E4A288F" originalValue="Paraguarí">Paraguari</normalizedToken>
, Pte. Hayes, San Pedro, “Paraguay” (s. loc.) (ALWC, LACM, MCSN, MHNG, MZSP, NHMB, NHMW). Literature records:
<normalizedToken id="32981C73F06CDCD713BB008783151896" originalValue="Caaguazú">Caaguazu</normalizedToken>
, Central, Cordillera, “Paraguay”(s. loc.) (de Andrade &amp; Baroni-Urbani 1999, Emery 1896b, Forel 1906, Forel 1907d, Santschi 1920b).
</paragraph>
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</mods:role>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/86C258F1-260D-4009-83D9-4EC186BB7E08" authority="Zhao &amp; Li" class="Arachnida" family="Telemidae" genus="Pinelema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pinelema nuocnutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuocnutensis">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="16" start="start">Pinelema</pageBreakToken>
nuocnutensis Zhao &amp; Li
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="16">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 4, 5, 6, 22
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="17" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="17" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
Holotype ♂: Vietnam: Quang Binh Province: Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park: Nuoc Nut Cave,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="17.493668">N17°29.62'</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="106.29417">E106°17.65'</geoCoordinate>
, 143 m, 25.V.2016, Z.G. Chen &amp; Q.Y. Zhao leg. Paratypes 2♂ and 5♀, same data as holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
This new species is similar to
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. pacchanensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="pacchanensis">P. pacchanensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., but can be distinguished by the vestigial eyes (Figs 4A, 6A) (eyes completely reduced in
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. pacchanensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="pacchanensis">P. pacchanensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), beak-shaped embolus (Figs 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="BD">B-D</normalizedToken>
, 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
) (boomerang-shaped in
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. pacchanensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="pacchanensis">P. pacchanensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), and the U-shaped receptacle (Fig. 6C) (globular in
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. pacchanensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="pacchanensis">P. pacchanensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Telemidae" genus="Pinelema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pinelema nuocnutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuocnutensis">Pinelema nuocnutensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., male holotype. A Habitus, dorsal view B Embolus, apical view C Palp, prolateral view D Palp, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A), 0.02 mm (B), 0.1 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">Male (holotype). Total length 1.20. Carapace 0.53 long, 0.49 wide. Abdomen 0.63 long, 0.53 wide. Carapace, chelicerae, labium, and legs yellow, without any pattern (Fig. 4A). Four vestigial eyes. Leg measurements: I 4.42 (1.30, 0.20, 1.38, 0.90, 0.64); II 3.82 (1.13, 0.20, 1.18, 0.75, 0.56); III 2.73 (0.84, 0.18, 0.77, 0.51, 0.43); IV 3.24 (1.03, 0.18, 0.94, 0.63, 0.46). Abdomen light yellow, with a few long hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
Palp: femur 1.8 times longer than patella, tibia 1.5 times longer than patella, cymbial apophysis brown and spine-like (Figs 4C, 5A); REC 0.55; bulb kidney-shaped (Figs 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
, 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="AB">A-B</normalizedToken>
); embolus beak-shaped, its outer margin forming a brown, spiral ridge (Fig. 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
, and arrows on Fig. 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
), opening two times shorter than embolus (Fig. 5B, D).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
Figure 5.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Telemidae" genus="Pinelema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pinelema nuocnutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuocnutensis">Pinelema nuocnutensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., male. A Palp, prolateral view B Palp, retrolateral view C Embolus, prolateral view D Embolus, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.06 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="AB">A-B</normalizedToken>
), 0.02 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
Female. Total length 1.31. Carapace 0.54 long, 0.46 wide. Abdomen 0.81 long, 0.71 wide. Coloration and pattern as in male (Figs 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="AB">A-B</normalizedToken>
). Eyes reduced to four vestigial spots. Leg measurements: I 4.18 (1.25, 0.19, 1.31, 0.80, 0.63); II 3.57 (1.06, 0.19, 1.08, 0.68, 0.56); III 2.68 (0.86, 0.16, 0.76, 0.48, 0.42); IV 3.14 (1.01, 0.17, 0.91, 0.59, 0.46). Endogyne J-shaped, with short and broad insemination duct and U-shaped receptacle, insemination duct as wide as receptacle. (Fig. 6C).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">
Figure 6.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Telemidae" genus="Pinelema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pinelema nuocnutensis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuocnutensis">Pinelema nuocnutensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., female paratype. A Habitus, dorsal view B Habitus, ventral view C Endogyne, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="AB">A-B</normalizedToken>
), 0.05 mm (C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="17">Known only from the type locality (Fig. 22).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,595 @@
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<paragraph id="927FA0DB554CD7031E417D69A8655B2E">
<taxonomicName id="3CFDB16EF58E0CF13B50D6D78E7B826F" ID-CoL="3QTNS" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">
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L.
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<vernacularName id="7A07251D1428093D9B1684D66B52E65B">Flatter-Binse</vernacularName>
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Art ISFS: 218800 Checklist: 1025000
<taxonomicName id="75305CC666FA9F9B0F4117A85FF2484A" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juncaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="24ACDD1C0AB8173EFB1F482AADC85914" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Juncus</taxonomicName>
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<heading id="5CF935FED33EBC527C0F90C65A5AFB3B">
<normalizedToken id="6A946F5A35CAACD63FAD146655831C3E" originalValue="Bestimmungsschlüssel">Bestimmungsschluessel</normalizedToken>
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<paragraph id="BD17ECCD7E67AFDA8FD79D9BEC122A39">
<heading id="CE7D2BAB3C0B15376FCD3AEF6CC1B290">Zusammenfassung</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D5831D36D97B38F7086CF74B1F5E7091" type="description">
<paragraph id="2499827298605AF9BB4A2EEAD6717ADD">
Artbeschreibung
<emphasis id="A393AD6625045ABF1FB320C2580A0B41" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="337299AFFF49B4631BFDA2F6C285D3AF" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="A3D4E1A527CD00E969EA68132835CC29" originalValue="Stängel">Staengel</normalizedToken>
mit dem aufgerichteten Hochblatt
<quantity id="81D9D056BA55896838F7722C3B4246B7" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="65.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="30.0">30-100 cm</quantity>
hoch, 1,5-
<quantity id="7096B42B60DD31CA4DE8280F0938DFCA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
dick,
<normalizedToken id="EB66A0FDD4F81D0FF2E100327410929C" originalValue="unbeblättert">unbeblaettert</normalizedToken>
,
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,
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, unter dem
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+/- glatt.
<emphasis id="E1CEE3F62AE3BD1D947B285737A46930" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="0F4F6F443A800F017B54CE4F714E665F" originalValue="Blütenstand">Bluetenstand</normalizedToken>
im obersten Drittel scheinbar
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,
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, locker oder
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zusammengezogen. Scheide des aufgerichteten Hochblattes beim
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nicht erweitert
</emphasis>
.
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ca.
<quantity id="B341361E95B0088B59C4ACD900ECD44E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
lang, gelbbraun, fein zugespitzt,
<normalizedToken id="37F003070B553E05BD359BD6020E1B81" originalValue="kürzer">kuerzer</normalizedToken>
als die reife Frucht.
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<subSubSection id="27CAA866267D869C6641A3BE22526459" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="50A798E05C19F3C427B6060A291E594D">
<normalizedToken id="51C4A6AAD3F43125C99C0FFF5880D7F5" originalValue="Blütezeit">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="136F25EF18DBAA7A03C9BDAB988DEB52" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="6C4CBD850F120FD555E71408D654C28C" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: 7-8
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0F49756F73A20C154D250315CAE5A4B">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz
<emphasis id="F309A51C26057C075194010EB36277FD" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="050DD97703606EF8D263BFEFDF6B67A3" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Feuchte Wiesen und Weiden,
<normalizedToken id="F0988864D5F56498325683E2B55BA602" originalValue="Waldschläge">Waldschlaege</normalizedToken>
, Flachmoore / kollin-montan(-subalpin) / CH
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CA99D9ADA1DA201E0C97ADF4D1F4259" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0A43FA6925B572D22595EAF58CA34BE1">
Verbreitung global
<emphasis id="3D871809E467C596039EDD242D1D10CA" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="21FBFE818A567D65CF5C3A9494FF4D7B" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Weltweit verbreitet
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8B4BB9BB5446B31535A943E5ED0AC40" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="A791C876969EF680E8D204566B711EAB">
<normalizedToken id="90C337BEEB0CFA89BEE977F0EC8CAB5D" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte
<emphasis id="F23B19A1B66141F0A72D36BFEA3443F6" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="5CD63DEB351B589D224CADE064F61859" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
4w + 24-33 + 3.h.2n=40,42
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3B535FFFB6C4205F14395A155BDAA595" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="9162D38F5EE3B2607B322CE4AC1B700F">Status</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1366FC361C5C9C9EC151EF6CF692F1CB" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="B7B8356F815B77E7C4A1F5077521C6E5">
<heading id="6A7A5388883728097DE9E6E3F08E8B9B">Status IUCN</heading>
: Nicht
<normalizedToken id="DD559178BBDFD53E429A9144D5A63084" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A592CBACC7D2FDFA966215BE93C2C5" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="B3F71C08156735C046C6B7EEA3BBC765">Anatomie</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73DD474093B3CE60819E37C34DA2521D">
<heading id="1B6F45A7672F9F12B7251ED68F88F131">Zusammenfassung der Stammanatomie</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F010326E3585A33F2E06EDAC48D5613A">
Umriss rund gewellt.
<normalizedToken id="0E3E163A71B4F0A5DFC4D817298EBCF6" originalValue="Leitbündel">Leitbuendel</normalizedToken>
in mehreren Reihen. Konische
<normalizedToken id="A686FDECA446CD844A2A1D99BC4F8672" originalValue="Stützen">Stuetzen</normalizedToken>
. Epidermiszellen verholzt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29F3F2A37D2454D45871CCA846977832">
<heading id="597BB41B49F6A6B5BED47AA6A65E862C">Beschreibung (Englisch)</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C4E51DB26267095077729917240D7AC">
Culm-diameter
<quantity id="690922D8FBEDCDD2BBDEEBB147B7CC87" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2-5 mm</quantity>
, wall large, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness approximately 1:0.5. Outline circular, with rips. Center hollow and surrounded by a few thin-walled, not lignified cells. Without cortex/cylinder separation. Epidermis smooth. Epidermis thin-, peripheral thicker-walled (lignified). Large vascular bundles arranged in one peripheral row. Small or rudimentary vascular bundles mainly at the periphery. Small or rudimentary vascular bundles within the chlorenchyma. Chlorenchyma present, continuous peripheral belt with unlignified round cells (like a large cortex). Vascular bundles collateral closed. Sclerenchymatic sheath around vascular bundles circular large, 3 to x cells. Vessels arrangement in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle 20-50
<normalizedToken id="FE282679380F1EBC8A62D4DD612B5127" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Aerenchyma (intercellulars) between parenchyma cells irregular and large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E4D8D22E41E79450351700A43DCDE58">
<heading id="A51B01B7B575C3D08DBB3F4293DA82E8">
<normalizedToken id="51D450B6813C5FDD8008C34BE2A53E76" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4F034E27027877DDCD827749B20C60C">
Lebensform
<normalizedToken id="464E64973EC625E910DDF57203E9845C" originalValue="Mehrjähriger">Mehrjaehriger</normalizedToken>
Hemikryptophyt
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59D57640D18E008E32A02436AF4948B7">
<heading id="D081D59265F97B63B1586C229651A122">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="5450CE70B4682082145F0A158AD44D14" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="257FA5B4689D582868DB021EA24A8FC7">
<table id="FFFED33470F56BB63F9A81E2B9DE6A29" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="E827B3B4C6C4034FA95C39F93A20EDCF">
<tr id="BE0B74B87C77CB2173E464D7CF2BEB81">
<td id="4EE38F4D105CD28C069EB8F8E0363938">
2.3 - Feuchtwiesen (
<emphasis id="3C7CE2483D2884A0A1B9B3732FD3ACA9" italics="true">Molinio-Arrhenatheretea p.p.</emphasis>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7AAE5F92C3B5CEAC6EED7F253468B0BE">
<td id="53304B7BF38326DDC7623C0E66950D81">
2.3.2 -
<normalizedToken id="D85A403209E4AA204E6191A0F9921377" originalValue="Nährstoffreiche">Naehrstoffreiche</normalizedToken>
Feuchtwiesen (Sumpfdotterblumenwiese) (
<emphasis id="6FAC82D3D9FF75C704D346172FCBDC5E" italics="true">Calthion</emphasis>
)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A520BAB29203B6A345A30C15C431BCC5">
<tableNote id="C8ABC6CFDC26A49BAF97D714AF085307">
<emphasis id="EF6D409B0C64C6EA5D36CE76E336D991" bold="true">fett</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D26F367686106A886FBA66467F52837E" italics="true">
Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
<normalizedToken id="ACFACB99069D2974DE453BDD53F4B3EB" originalValue="mitprägt">mitpraegt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ACDAB64C0D49BEDDAEB814118F08D1A3" italics="true">Charakterart</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BF220894297B296239F6BFA6D23151EE" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84434AC8941049D9E171BA0CF86556AA" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="FE80B2B519D8C26EA83E0DBF5563E502">
<normalizedToken id="1E1D2D330805D6FE762068C847AA4B5F" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="A6CF03667D5774EE6739532C8C07C66D" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A5020003D3456066F572853DFEED64A">
<table id="BC0F5C43E40566EEC40BCBB82627FE3E" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="3268C79926863767F500105F6F90DA97">
<tr id="41EB8FFF97D93F5E564071E5FFF79180">
<th id="BF7B0C9C4C963168645E0D2EA54AA4E5" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="5E6B6F3D931D685416B2BE067DA214D1" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8FD8CC92E3EBBACFA817E62896EF92D4" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="C0DF7E5F1EB7A5613AEFA995A9374041" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="B57A5E102393C821E13E5B248AC7127B" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="E617F945D95C2AFDFE2E6BB5E3B48188" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="B63FAD59BD299873AA616D6E149196A4">
<td id="12D98A02289DA403C0B9A3F23A3EC993">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="86E2F66A97329ED57DA12977B72A5CE1" style="text-align:left;width:100px">
sehr feucht; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als
<normalizedToken id="1DA2578854E6D24326E8E828B0791260" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2 Stufen)
</td>
<td id="79BB617E2AEED54C06C5863E7BD72277">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="60A05145D151B7272096EAAE11015A34" style="text-align:left;width:60px">halbschattig</td>
<td id="9A3F0703268106646A5A2F6E30312519">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="6CFCDCB1706A716F0222ADA3150D1121" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2E4820093483DA50CACF4F2E3BBA0C79">
<td id="586149D786D13CFD17F07880F43335DE">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="561F682109F9B4A69499ACA43E1099AC" style="text-align:left">sauer (pH 3.5-6.5)</td>
<td id="BDC8B3CD3CC141B95D6E84D4AD4E9EFB">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="044DF5AC1BAAAFA65A5CB42CE6CC3967" style="text-align:left">unter-montan und ober-kollin</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CA87321F8F7A1E83409D9732998D2D5D">
<td id="C62B0DA99BE142204A153E4AB7F9D605">
<normalizedToken id="F0AA8035C3935D3F9B1FF95F1A9FE51D" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="1636B7E8A1875CE3844C2A44A43D866F" style="text-align:left">
<normalizedToken id="17877FA549283CF649C88AA5750C29AB" originalValue="nährstoffreich">naehrstoffreich</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="313218C299AE0CC5DE46217AB99AF6CA">
<normalizedToken id="639F3A7D52F67F010BB7DB6627A89A51" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="A6FED537647AEE43D83A186C49DBA807" style="text-align:left">
subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit,
<normalizedToken id="EEB94A81A155245491EA88DD51344C06" originalValue="mässige">maessige</normalizedToken>
Temperaturschwankungen und
<normalizedToken id="20400685BE69FFABD091627941A16338" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="094BCA59421447D8E8604E15F5195D94" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="11C68237D7099EE4BD256D4D9F147DC8">
<heading id="DE2135BD464082D3A1B87F1030512312">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56B17BA2360BBFC5F3817907393DCB7A">
<treatmentCitation id="C3D16C35379492E0AB8488AEFBC1307E">
<heading id="914BDD89AEC988726E58E32BAF6C65B3">
<normalizedToken id="EA65C3D84FBDA7FFC92BE20F48FA5B47" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="10AA8D3E304CAE1CA21D9A17EDFD3F55" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="334BD4C9110CE559081623A9F6BC74EA" ID-CoL="3QTNS" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">
<emphasis id="3B3C2D0E69E4BDA014F0D1A464A05C06" italics="true">Juncus effusus</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="218A7BC1B446104E9B6643824DA605E0" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="CEFBD67DB2033523DA336A1EDF40C5F0">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="AD140DDB28E238F9170BD5565E181E40" language="deu">Flatter-Binse</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="320D65AAA5FAAC1AA741C3DFBC84A5F4" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="208FD7979AB581B20B4CE49ED91C8752" language="fra">
Jonc
<normalizedToken id="6A82722F3013FD6C6FA64FFCAA4227DF" originalValue="épars">epars</normalizedToken>
</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="7E82F9625F14916B01AFC70FB1998674" language="ita">Giunco comune</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67D2A8EF176CDC1FEB8D759BB0A6BC5B" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="90D3DC6B7FD9AAA776364B31BE30D7DA">
<normalizedToken id="28616BC2A5CD01C2C51C7F028A05F7BC" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2294BE684440B488DB21F925D34328B0">
<table id="8DCEF296A3D6FD601CD82B5DD35106A8" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="7D0FF94EF8B2E2F250315AAAA6188D81">
<tr id="18FD32FF0C9FF00F2E107A328636D591">
<th id="8115EC01766EEAC2F6767F480A2DB200" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="06ED134419AFC40E1C4285946DD747FC">Nom</th>
<th id="F592A8F12C1BEF12099931BC599EBF1E">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="874CADD28863AB7B32917FFC87301CA9" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E469CFB4A837949E27AE939019C33470">
<td id="1E8F368CE671E833708C13E92CE131F3" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="BF67F06E8D4679A5ECF75B09B7FD6A66">
<taxonomicName id="406848E6E0E3053265A2F68B2209EF1F" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="1BF33BDD192C4E59D8A35F6E9D0E25C9">
<treatmentCitation id="30D234291DE5530D571D2722D948137E">
<bibRefCitation id="CF723FC92632A92EB35BE00C74185C47" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="8619527C9EA454DC2891600611559A1F">218800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4A289940758E21974CFA1C44C8D92B5F">
<td id="433273AEA19F4080840293E48153BCFF" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="C177614426F0E35EC15A186E8DA4B5F4">
<taxonomicName id="E0D3B21D3B48456D041DA64F2C2CAECE" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="1EFF2E7FD0766B2F7242A0EE381DBAFA">
<treatmentCitation id="90301F46069EDCAABAC339BD17BA0FDA">
<bibRefCitation id="59A00E84C55EE746DC8F5C9CAB400835">Flora Helvetica 2001</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="D26D2ED3E8909389C4A71A52860A5CAE">2433</td>
</tr>
<tr id="47787EF47237EC4C0022AAD11D54426D">
<td id="E9BD92C8AC20FD34E49FB455DCEAA8D9" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="1F507E2D87C65D20D2DF8D25B85F1C96">
<taxonomicName id="AFDBACBEE9BAA0442AC5488C2543CEBE" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="0F2878210870094550ED8102B20AC65F">
<treatmentCitation id="20CEB1508132B4E0DA531309CAD24688">
<bibRefCitation id="A5093F0D8F3B899277C90CB22E7B1746">Flora Helvetica 2012</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="4F734C6DAD8BA77B4228DB877631434F">2605</td>
</tr>
<tr id="964E6E65DD8CAD53E95607E6D1CE8CDB">
<td id="0BD5C0EC3055C136CD138662070084DB" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="B7B936F94374D4C7821C120B7CC9A2B3">
<taxonomicName id="6E78BE2B0BE419E284AD88F6CBEACC92" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="C4BAAC2CD4913D1728ED68FCB754BBA5">
<treatmentCitation id="38CFDBB4FE7F3F5B9CFC63C6BBDCFDEB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB1B64715C6CCC645077BB0BDAF97062">
<bibRefCitation id="F298A4EBBBFE117ABF6335A747295C9A">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="78233EA34898F23F40786B06F62DCAA7">2605</td>
</tr>
<tr id="21319C138495643E721BFE8E36F3CF7D">
<td id="183E0368A558303A36F273E3FD0D18BD" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="CA6567DABF690D64CED18754232237FB">
<taxonomicName id="DB50C950B1368511FD5CF643D8EB391D" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="837B29BE0F23A8257149CDDA2E2E5E8E">
<treatmentCitation id="6A221812629FEBAD3DBDA3EEDFD246E9">
<bibRefCitation id="4D7BEA82FAB7B0CF33BCBE2120EAED52">Index synonymique 1996</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="0179B7D034A0AE384946D4262E2BF841">218800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AD7A80A91640B6DDD38AED778BBC93F6">
<td id="AD1D0503B33F9E03F8F5A09FDAE8C7D8" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="BA2D0EA65F15F67BFE2D9DCAA79142A7">
<taxonomicName id="7CFAABE74D308278EF0E3366777C6BA4" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="CCE720E8157E20331A02497C76C39E38">
<treatmentCitation id="02D392780A05D8BEB09AA35AB37F91C9">
<bibRefCitation id="655FFE4D758E9912D9762F56D1DB23D3">Landolt 1977</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="BCBB5E9558ABE5E096CD4F762A5D85D3">579</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C58E163EB7A890806491982C95AF7BFA">
<td id="923823405757FD9F25378B8A03053469" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="0F54C017F02B434A8108600FAA626AB9">
<taxonomicName id="AC3E1BB56B97BFDC90F168D3FD86751B" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="7276D7EDC452968C8258F3EDEB73B059">
<treatmentCitation id="9028991399037CD8F2C9C31324447CEB">
<bibRefCitation id="A8B2C02716088AB1B7B8F64BA2D7E2FF">Landolt 1991</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="B9B7E3149426AB041A146BFAEB394C7A">508</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3265593D8530131283138597922D492">
<td id="F335BB9E486B10AAA77AF00986B722CD" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="B9C25D0856DE41FF1A29FBDDA048A53C">
<taxonomicName id="DE53C3C7A4BF775EA56BF5BDE3DB536B" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7D53085B3DE3F40AF04FC9DA1166C81">
<treatmentCitation id="9D7F964BF6B29F410EEE6C5B7681FA4E">
<bibRefCitation id="9EE1EE830944A446966CE51597BA197C">SISF/ISFS 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="A90354338B1F8E07C1317870B5C0F000">218800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D989F354466D5CF79BC1CF07D1796953">
<td id="D9D9B8D79AFCD68E2362E731CE6F9CC1" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="934A07BA7A28F3004480CB43429E7F84">
<taxonomicName id="2F21A1B9D1C22EBC68526155FE7F64AB" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusus">Juncus effusus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D52B6D1BB432F863C07F83A66737E759">
<treatmentCitation id="27F21A651441306ADE549A6ADAA528EE">
<bibRefCitation id="829A53B0843A71DAFC81F417379A84F1">Welten &amp; Sutter 1982</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="7E3DB4DBB2865521FD822C8BA3B4CA16">2139</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FD05D5B83129B18C52AB5E1096597A7">
<tableNote id="972626515075BC9C674E9388A46125D6">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="E84A601FA58A3BC212B8490581FC54A4" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="84A0CE0AA671D0CCF9B050461EB6B166" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="9ADE912BAF81B2378DA440377AAB6EB2" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="21E8590F70006029D96E9DEA3FA3AA70" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="D44AB2EE6B274979A086F64A5C0EEAF1" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2B80A2F180C7B694BD338C0DF4E21A65" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="E957360B8974F151A93CB306085A4DE3">
<heading id="1C0C331AC7FD3C226E2C4344950FB545">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Indigen
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="524DD1399C6EF3A089F5923873E11595">
<emphasis id="9B22F7EB5683F557812B706EF327A208" bold="true">
<heading id="27A6209EA33A6B11D3CBE993C4B5F168">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="534F5E6724CB090A23AB4DB7B0CD48B6" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="99FDD5CEE9A3340AF6FB42502ABCC5A7" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB7A81DFA93F699E9D8F20D4FA24ECD3">
<heading id="EC2FDEE7E81991E823E917E5CA3900BA">Status Rote Liste national 2016</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB25F68665F997C0EB225B5F966E4FE2">
<heading id="85A253FD844AC12671422ED89A5959C2">Status IUCN</heading>
: Nicht
<normalizedToken id="08F89AF2A46EC7341196BD57A0CC4342" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6350D5F6D8109A16091B80434C6A94F4">
<heading id="1C8E159A9FF312B6D70C6EE93A2DA65B">
<normalizedToken id="2096A3DFDFCE9127261F4F0CACB76AD8" originalValue="Zusätzliche">Zusaetzliche</normalizedToken>
Informationen
</heading>
Kriterien IUCN: --
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C86E340A023ABF1C71B465CC5538E22">
<heading id="10C2EBB4B12AA1CDE9B33BD02E04EF53">Status Rote Liste regional 2019</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="31D31B55C4363485ACE1AF387E0992F2">
<table id="22721B9A1B33F0EC542D6C8690B21589" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="295B4F4A802CAD2CEB93E7A37C7281B0">
<tr id="85A63890D0E233E9E8011CD1D6822D91">
<th id="8CCF29DF0CEDA7E65E9088EC7586ED53">Biogeografische Regionen</th>
<th id="4DA47F907F02293CC0FD2C0BF40478FE">Status</th>
<th id="DBCDB35C4C3AAA40A9FF9051C9AA5DAF">Kriterien IUCN</th>
</tr>
<tr id="8799D6286E82AFAA28837DFCF0A0333C">
<td id="2E465FC3E195ECAE24E95CF1B271189F" class="regional_status">Jura (JU)</td>
<td id="7EFECF86942248FFEFC843526649AAC2">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="89234BF980FFE3FAC5DC57F8A083C282" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="28C44AF42E8A156E191A7EBE91D84813">
<td id="EE374ED8B49F41C5BB133C011AA15304" class="regional_status">Mittelland (MP)</td>
<td id="EE45F0D053C1947899245BD264FE9F9C">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="8069C3449A52591C971930A3AED21B48" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="50F212EE0F0DB86E393B2C874AE9EB5C">
<td id="552D30295A1314243AFD2F39C6B7DA58" class="regional_status">Alpennordflanke (NA)</td>
<td id="1FCCB57AF0321981E3B022869083896A">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="CC3B336E5652E7D4E70265DD6FF81CF6" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="379EC53F2D175571E3211913A1595C44">
<td id="868F54E2572C72CC1AD28D9869E465B4" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="06FCC072B6D0E8C1DDCF04BC8A2229FC" originalValue="Alpensüdflanke">Alpensuedflanke</normalizedToken>
(SA)
</td>
<td id="55A2A6183185B4352E3A68BF0925DA6D">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="4F0656E5E30B0E8D95FEDDB471F35734" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BBF65439AB0407C0CB66DE90C2A8740B">
<td id="D9EDC6B38AE173EAB85019DFFB0B9AEC" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="D7DC90C69BFC53B1B3A768F66E99ED9C" originalValue="Östliche">Oestliche</normalizedToken>
Zentralalpen (EA)
</td>
<td id="203FFA60C009CBDF412D0B9DBC4C882B">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="D17E7656902E160177B0C98E9494EFC8" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="15F5AD6D797590F14227BA3E44570A76">
<td id="2533CE4167763D950C683AD151E93590" class="regional_status">Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)</td>
<td id="98451C5DD84D81431067092D5745321C">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="6313DC40B75AFC8665329283AB0FA765" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35390531E64EA248251C42D6580FED58">
<heading id="3CCF9507EE7E00827CC30A48593BA996">
Status nationale
<normalizedToken id="460CFD5BEE93D90E38F05C350E8D8B45" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
/Verantwortung
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FACCE4C77AFABE387574A37265151B08">
<table id="9544621AD1BB6417637F86213B2725A7" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="B186EAB27493BCE5BA1D5B061F91C151">
<td id="0997685AF677C3CC47D0E146A9204E89">
Keine nationale
<normalizedToken id="D0334E698BDF0EE94871A2F249F81F19" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
oder internationale Verantwortung
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E9110F8B77DDE7B96D769D9B0869EAB">
<heading id="E1AE14633F4464768DE4D5757E02F1D7">Schutzstatus</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B40206846FDA6CF670FB6FF858CD01CA">
<table id="98A1964496E06552800A97C12727D3DF" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="BD26A97786ABFCB96F9831C78D04DDB8">
<td id="7FF4842CE8553EACD98860C89E02BFC6">Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.175.2413" ID-GBIF-Dataset="46454252-ad49-4e36-8505-8adc729823ad" ID-PMC="PMC3307344" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-175-1" ID-PubMed="22451787" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-175-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 175" ModsDocTitle="Three new species of Potamothrix (Oligochaeta, Naididae, Tubificinae) from Fuxian Lake, the deepest lake of Yunnan Province, Southwest China" checkinTime="1451249296165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cui, Yongde &amp; Wang, Hongzhu" docDate="2012" docId="C8048C67E7C37C620416C34EB8EE495E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 175: 1-17" docOrigin="ZooKeys 175" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.175.2413" docTitle="Potamothrix praeprostatus Cui &amp; Wang, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFA6FFA9FFB627378905577DD05BFFAD" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Potamothrix (Oligochaeta, Naididae, Tubificinae) from Fuxian Lake, the deepest lake of Yunnan Province, Southwest China" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668153360783" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three new species of Potamothrix (Oligochaeta, Naididae, Tubificinae) from Fuxian Lake, the deepest lake of Yunnan Province, Southwest China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cui, Yongde</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Hongzhu</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>175</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>17</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.175.2413</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.175.2413</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-175-1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033547" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A45887B2-F06C-4F6C-B66E-A6F65DACD01B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8048C67E7C37C620416C34EB8EE495E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A45887B2-F06C-4F6C-B66E-A6F65DACD01B" class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix praeprostatus" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="praeprostatus">Potamothrix praeprostatus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">IHB YAN 20021205b, mature specimen mounted in Canada balsam, and stained with borax carmine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
East of Lichang (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="24.534445">24°32'04&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="102.861946">102°51'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) in Fuxian Lake, eastern Yunnan, China; depth 113 m, bottom temperature 13.5°C, dissolved oxygen at bottom 5.2 mg/L, total nitrogen in water 0.164 mg/L, total phosphorus in water 0.037 mg/L, fine clay; Dec 11, 2002, coll. Y. Cui and X. Liu.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<normalizedToken originalValue="“prae”">&quot;prae&quot;</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="“prostatus”">&quot;prostatus&quot;</normalizedToken>
are Latin for
<normalizedToken originalValue="“proximal”">&quot;proximal&quot;</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="“prostate”">&quot;prostate&quot;</normalizedToken>
, respectively. The specific name refers to the prostate glands proximally attached to atria.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">One complete specimen 7.6 mm long, diameter at XI about 0.8 mm, 27 segments. Prostomium conical. Clitellum inconspicuous.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Dorsal chaetae (Fig. 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
) of
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIIV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
bifid only, 7-10 per bundle, 135-148
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 3.0-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, upper tooth longer and thinner than lower, lower tooth occasionally bifurcated. Dorsal bundles of
<normalizedToken originalValue="VX">V-X</normalizedToken>
with 5-8 hair chaetae and 5-7 bifid chaetae; plumose hair chaetae (Fig. 1A), 240-420
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 2.6-3.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick basally; pectinate bifid chaetae (Fig. 1B), 120-140
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 2.8-3.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, with 1-2 intermediate teeth, upper tooth slightly longer and thinner than lower tooth (usually bifurcated), or equally long. Dorsal bundles in posterior segments with 1-4 hair chaetae
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
2-6 bifid chaetae, shorter and thinner than those of anterior segments, hair chaetae 280-320
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, bifid chaetae 90-110
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 2.6-2.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick. Ventral chaetae (Fig. 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="DE">D-E</normalizedToken>
) bifid, 6-8 per bundle anteriorly, 140-150
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 3.0-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick; 2-4 (5) per bundle in postclitellar segments, 80-110
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 2.4-3.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, all with teeth similar to the ones in dorsal chaetae in II-IV. Spermathecal chaetae (Fig. 1F, H, sc) one per bundle in middle to posterior of X, entally embedded in glandular sacs, about 145-160
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 4.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, with ectal part grooved. Penial chaetae absent. Male pores paired in line with ventral chaetae, anterior to middle of XI. Spermathecal pores paired in line with ventral chaetae, posterior to middle of X, immediately anterior to spermathecal chaetae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Pharyngeal glands in
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIIII">II-III</normalizedToken>
. Chloragogen cells from VI onwards. No coelomocytes. Male genitalia (Fig. 1G) paired. Vasa deferentia (Fig. 1G, vd) 38-65
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 16-22
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, entering atria apically. Atria (Fig. 1G, at) 690
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 28-80
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, tubular and rather homogenous throughout, with thin outer muscular layer and thick inner epithelium. Prostate glands (Fig. 1G, pr) small, proximally attached to atria, and far from vasa deferentia. Soft part of penis (Fig. 1G, pe) small, 38-54
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 22-44
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, cylindrical, enclosed in penial sacs. Penial sacs (Fig. 1G, ps) 65-80
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 54-80
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, with muscular layer 3-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Spermathecae (Fig. 1H) in
<normalizedToken originalValue="XXII">X-XII</normalizedToken>
, ducts (Fig. 1H, sd) 470-490
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, 38-65
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, ampullae (Fig. 1H, sa) elongated, 520-540
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, maximally 300-315
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide. Spermatozeugmata (Fig. 1H, sz) 5-8 in each ampulla, about 300-460
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Figure 1.
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix praeprostatus" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="praeprostatus">Potamothrix praeprostatus</taxonomicName>
sp. n., A hair B distal end of dorsal bifid from V C distal end of dorsal bifid from III D distal end of ventral chaeta from V E ventral chaeta from III F spermathecal chaeta G lateral view of male ducts in segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="XXI">X-XI</normalizedToken>
H lateral view of spermatheca in segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="XXII">X-XII</normalizedToken>
. Scale bars:
<normalizedToken originalValue="AF">A-F</normalizedToken>
40
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken originalValue="GH">G-H</normalizedToken>
200
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Known only from its type locality, Yunnan Province, China; freshwater lake, 113 m depth, water temperature less than 14 °C, fine clay.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
According to short vasa deferentia, long tubular atria, each with a small prostate gland, and lack of ejaculatory ducts, the new species fits more closely the definition of
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Potamothrix</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vejdovský">Vejdovsky</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mrázek">Mrazek</normalizedToken>
, 1902 than that of any other described tubificine genus (
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brinkhurst and Jamieson 1971</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Finogenova, NP" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher Abtleitung fuer Systematik" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="55 - 83" title="One more revision of the genus Potamothrix Vejdovsky et Mrazek, 1902 (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae)." volume="117" year="1990">Finogenova and Poddubnaja 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix praeprostatus" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="praeprostatus">Potamothrix praeprostatus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. differs from its allies by its prostate glands joining atria in their proximal to middle portion. With regard homogenous atria with prostate glands, the new species is similar to
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix postojnae" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="postojnae">Potamothrix postojnae</taxonomicName>
Karaman, 1974,
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix scleropenis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scleropenis">Potamothrix scleropenis</taxonomicName>
Cui &amp; Wang, 2005,
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix aductus" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aductus">Potamothrix aductus</taxonomicName>
Cui &amp; Wang, 2012, and
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix paramoldaviensis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paramoldaviensis">Potamothrix paramoldaviensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. However, these species differ from
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix praeprostatus" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="praeprostatus">Potamothrix praeprostatus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in that
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix postojnae" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="postojnae">Potamothrix postojnae</taxonomicName>
has no spermathecal chaeta (
<bibRefCitation author="Brinkhurst, RO" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 101" title="Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World: supplement. A catalogue of new freshwater species, description, and revisions." volume="44" year="1984">Brinkhurst and Wetzel 1984</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix scleropenis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scleropenis">Potamothrix scleropenis</taxonomicName>
has penial sheath (
<bibRefCitation author="Cui, YD" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1353 - 1357" title="Potamothrix scleropenis sp. nov. (Oligochaeta: Tubificidae) from Fuxian Lake, the deepest lake in southwest China." url="10.2108/zsj.22.1353" volume="22" year="2005">Cui and Wang 2005</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix paramoldaviensis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paramoldaviensis">Potamothrix paramoldaviensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has no hairs and no penis (Fig. 2);
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix aductus" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aductus">Potamothrix aductus</taxonomicName>
Cui &amp; Wang, 2012 has no spermathecal duct and its spermathecal chaeta has contorted ectal part.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Naididae" genus="Potamothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamothrix paramoldaviensis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paramoldaviensis">Potamothrix paramoldaviensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., A dorsal chaeta from III B ventral chaeta from VII C penial chaeta D spermathecal chaeta E spermatheca F lateral view of male ducts in segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="XXI">X-XI</normalizedToken>
. Scale bars:
<normalizedToken originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
40
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken originalValue="EF">E-F</normalizedToken>
200
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
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<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9A8FB81E8F4BA2C" bold="true" box="[151,442,1063,1090]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9A8FBE1E8C4BA32" box="[151,394,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
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: 442
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEB6DFBEEEBA9BA32" author="Herman, L. H." box="[594,743,1095,1119]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2441 - 3020" refId="ref1872" refString="Herman, L. H. (2001) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the end of the second millennium. Part V. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 265, 2441 - 3020." type="journal article" year="2001">Herman, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 2726
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog); Chani Posse et al., 2018b: 55 (checklist);
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEC79FBEEECD3BA32" author="Newton, A. F." box="[1350,1437,1096,1119]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2405 - 8858" refId="ref1980" refString="Newton, A. F. (2019) StaphBase: Staphyliniformia world catalog database (version Nov 2018). In: Roskov, Y., Ower, G., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P. M., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R. E., Decock, W., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. &amp; Penev, L. (Eds.), Species 2000 &amp; ITIS Catalogue of Life, 29 th January 2019. Digital Resource. Species 2000, Naturalis, Leiden, ISSN 2405 - 8858. Available from: http: // www. catalogueoflife. org / col (accessed 1 April 2019)" type="book chapter" year="2019">Newton,</bibRefCitation>
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2019 (online catalog).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9A8FB23E80FBAF1" box="[151,321,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Hesperus heynei</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="C10D9649FFAAD83CE877FB22EB4FBAF1" author="Wendeler, H." box="[328,513,1156,1181]" page="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CE877FB22E8A9BAF0" author="Wendeler, H." box="[328,487,1156,1181]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2 - 9" refId="ref2295" refString="Wendeler, H. (1927) Neue exotische Staphyliniden (Col.). 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Staphyliniden. Neue Beitrage zur Systematischen Insektenkunde, 4 (1), 2 - 9." type="journal article" year="1927">Wendeler 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 7
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;
<treatmentCitation id="C10D9649FFAAD83CEB31FB22EA49BAF0" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[526,775,1156,1181]" page="1372" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEB31FB22EB86BAF0" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[526,712,1156,1181]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="989 - 1500" refId="ref2119" refString="Scheerpeltz, O. (1933) Staphylinidae VII. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 129. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 989 - 1500." type="book chapter" year="1933">Scheerpeltz, 1933</bibRefCitation>
: 1372
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="C10D9649FFAAD83CEA47FB22ED2ABAF0" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[888,1124,1156,1181]" page="489" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" year="1936">
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEA47FB22ED7CBAF0" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[888,1074,1156,1181]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="483 - 540" refId="ref2159" refString="Scheerpeltz, O. (1936) Die von Prof. Dr. H. Eidmann gelegentlich seiner im Jahre 1933 nach Brasilien unternommenen Studienreise aufgesammelten Staphyliniden. I. Die in den Nestern von Atta sexdens L. aufgefundenen Staphyliniden, nebst einigen emerkungen + Scariphaeus. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Neue Folge, 5, 483 - 540." type="journal article" year="1936">Scheerpeltz, 1936</bibRefCitation>
: 489
</treatmentCitation>
(key);
<treatmentCitation id="C10D9649FFAAD83CED8FFB22ECD2BAF0" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[1200,1436,1156,1181]" page="190" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CED8FFB22EC25BAF0" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[1200,1387,1156,1181]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="150 - 197" refId="ref2220" refString="Scheerpeltz, O. (1971) Studien an den Arten der Gattung Hesperus Fauvel (Col. Staphylinidae). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 22, 150 - 197." type="journal article" year="1971">Scheerpeltz, 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 190
</treatmentCitation>
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(key);
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CE835FB02E8D0BAD6" author="Herman, L. H." box="[266,414,1187,1211]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2441 - 3020" refId="ref1872" refString="Herman, L. H. (2001) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the end of the second millennium. Part V. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 265, 2441 - 3020." type="journal article" year="2001">Herman, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 2682 (catalog); Chani Posse et al., 2018b: 43 (checklist);
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEAD1FB02ED30BAD6" author="Newton, A. F." box="[1006,1150,1187,1211]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2405 - 8858" refId="ref1980" refString="Newton, A. F. (2019) StaphBase: Staphyliniformia world catalog database (version Nov 2018). In: Roskov, Y., Ower, G., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P. M., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R. E., Decock, W., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. &amp; Penev, L. (Eds.), Species 2000 &amp; ITIS Catalogue of Life, 29 th January 2019. Digital Resource. Species 2000, Naturalis, Leiden, ISSN 2405 - 8858. Available from: http: // www. catalogueoflife. org / col (accessed 1 April 2019)" type="book chapter" year="2019">Newton, 2019</bibRefCitation>
(online catalog);
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CEC0EFB05ECC0BAD6" bold="true" box="[1329,1422,1187,1211]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013B058FFAAD83CE9A8FB64EB44BA94" blockId="0.[151,1437,1063,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BC9776FFAAD83CE9A8FB64ECD3BAB4" box="[151,1437,1217,1242]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE9A8FB64EB13BAB7" ID-CoL="LC8R" authority="Bernhauer, 1942: 25" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,605,1217,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9A8FB64E8C8BAB7" box="[151,390,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Belonuchus laevipennis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="C10D9649FFAAD83CE8B3FB67EB13BAB7" author="Bernhauer, M." box="[396,605,1217,1242]" page="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" year="1942">
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CE8B3FB67EB79BAB7" author="Bernhauer, M." box="[396,567,1217,1242]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref1657" refString="Bernhauer, M. (1942) Neue Staphyliniden aus Kostarika. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 138, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1942">Bernhauer, 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 25
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C10D9649FFAAD83CEB58FB64EA79BAB7" author="Herman, L. H." box="[615,823,1217,1242]" page="2528" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEB58FB64EBB5BAB7" author="Herman, L. H." box="[615,763,1218,1242]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2441 - 3020" refId="ref1872" refString="Herman, L. H. (2001) Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the end of the second millennium. Part V. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 265, 2441 - 3020." type="journal article" year="2001">Herman, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 2528
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog); Chani Posse et al., 2018b: 21 (checklist);
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFAAD83CEC79FB64ECD3BAB4" author="Newton, A. F." box="[1350,1437,1218,1241]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" pagination="2405 - 8858" refId="ref1980" refString="Newton, A. F. (2019) StaphBase: Staphyliniformia world catalog database (version Nov 2018). In: Roskov, Y., Ower, G., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P. M., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R. E., Decock, W., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. &amp; Penev, L. (Eds.), Species 2000 &amp; ITIS Catalogue of Life, 29 th January 2019. Digital Resource. Species 2000, Naturalis, Leiden, ISSN 2405 - 8858. Available from: http: // www. catalogueoflife. org / col (accessed 1 April 2019)" type="book chapter" year="2019">Newton,</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
2019 (online catalog);
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE892FB47EB44BA94" bold="true" box="[429,522,1249,1273]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B6E3D3FFAAD83CE9A8FAA3EB17B954" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4013B058FFAAD83CE9A8FAA3E84EBBE4" blockId="0.[151,1437,1063,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9A8FAA3E879BB71" bold="true" box="[151,311,1284,1309]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Type material</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFAAD83CE879FAA3E8E0BB70" box="[326,430,1285,1309]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE879FAA3E8E0BB70" bold="true" box="[326,430,1285,1309]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE8EBFAA3EB9ABB71" box="[468,724,1285,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE8EBFAA3EB9ABB71" box="[468,724,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="D897ACDDFFAAD83CEBDBFAA3EA6DBB70" box="[740,803,1285,1309]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1192,1216]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[445,1142,177,1167]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paederomimus nigrinus Sharp, holotype [BMNH ©]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3387243/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CEA03FAA3EA1EBB71" box="[828,848,1285,1308]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
, specimen glued to white card with Sharps handwrit- ing:´
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE9F0FA8FE89ABB2C" box="[207,468,1321,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">Paederomimus nigrinus</taxonomicName>
. Type D. S/
<collectingRegion id="82687EBAFFAAD83CEB6BFA8FEB8DBB2C" box="[596,707,1321,1345]" country="Nicaragua" name="Chontales" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Chontales</collectingRegion>
. Belt.´and three additional labels,´TYPE´ [round white label with red margin],´
<collectingRegion id="82687EBAFFAAD83CE822FAEBE8C7BB08" box="[285,393,1357,1381]" country="Nicaragua" name="Chontales" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Chontales</collectingRegion>
/
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFAAD83CE8ADFAEBEB4DBB08" box="[402,515,1357,1381]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
/T. Belt´ [white label],´B.C.A. Col.
<date id="34129698FFAAD83CEABDFAEBEAE5BB08" box="[898,939,1357,1381]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">I. 2.</date>
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CEA8DFAEBEC4CBB08" authority=", Sharp." authorityName="Sharp." box="[946,1282,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">Paederomimus nigrinus, Sharp.</taxonomicName>
´[white label], (
<collectionCode id="26BD289DFFAAD83CE9A0FAD7E9BBBBE4" box="[159,245,1393,1417]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013B058FFAAD83CE9F8FA33E9B3B80C" blockId="0.[151,1437,1063,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
<materialsCitation id="F0C4BA05FFAAD83CE9F8FA33E9B3B80C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2242494927" collectionCode="ZMHB" collectorName="Coll. A. Heyne" country="Costa Rica" determinerName="Wendeler" elevation="800" location="Turrialba" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFAAD83CE9F8FA33E861BBC0" box="[199,303,1429,1453]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9F8FA33E861BBC0" bold="true" box="[199,303,1429,1453]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE866FA33EB40BBC0" authorityName="Wendeler" authorityYear="1927" box="[345,526,1429,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heynei">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE866FA33EB40BBC0" box="[345,526,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Hesperus heynei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="D897ACDDFFAAD83CEB20FA33EB2ABBC0" box="[543,612,1429,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,255,981,1005]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[340,1247,180,954]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hesperus heynei Wendeler, holotype [ZMHB ©]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3387245/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CEB44FA33EBC1BBC1" box="[635,655,1429,1452]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
, with labels: “
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFAAD83CEA0CFA33EAE2BBC0" box="[819,940,1429,1453]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
/
<location id="4573E683FFAAD83CEA8BFA33ED58BBC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805014EFFAAD83EE9A8FB81ECDABB8B:4573E683FFAAD83CEA8BFA33ED58BBC0" box="[948,1046,1429,1453]" country="Costa Rica" name="Turrialba" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Turrialba</location>
<elevation id="CB81576BFFAAD83CED1FFA33ED11BBC0" box="[1056,1119,1429,1453]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="800.0">
<quantity id="87541DBDFFAAD83CED1FFA33ED11BBC0" box="[1056,1119,1429,1453]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="800.0">800m</quantity>
</elevation>
/ex.
<collectorName id="ED59D58EFFAAD83CEDB1FA33EC79BBC0" box="[1166,1335,1429,1453]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Coll. A. Heyne</collectorName>
” [yellow label], “
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CE9CFFA1FE84FBBBC" box="[240,257,1465,1489]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
”, “
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE81AFA1FE8C7BBBC" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1874" box="[293,393,1465,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hesperus</taxonomicName>
/heynei
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69EBD131FFAAD83CE8DEFA1FEB58BBBC" box="[481,534,1465,1489]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/
<determinerName id="B5CF5C9CFFAAD83CEB22FA1FEBC9BBBC" box="[541,647,1465,1489]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Wendeler</determinerName>
det.” [white label], “
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFAAD83CEA56FA1FEA92BBBC" box="[873,988,1465,1489]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
” [red label], “
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CED4AFA1FEC4ABBBC" authority="Wdlr." authorityName="Wendeler" authorityYear="1927" box="[1141,1284,1465,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heynei">heynei Wdlr.</taxonomicName>
” [green label] (
<collectionCode id="26BD289DFFAAD83CE9A0FA7BE9BCBB98" box="[159,242,1501,1525]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">ZMHB</collectionCode>
). Seven
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFAAD83CE871FA7BE8F6BB98" box="[334,440,1501,1525]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CE8FCFA7BE899BB99" box="[451,471,1501,1524]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
, with labels: “
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFAAD83CEB4BFA7BEBA5BB98" box="[628,747,1501,1525]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
/Turrialba
<elevation id="CB81576BFFAAD83CEA62FA7BEAD2BB98" box="[861,924,1501,1525]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="800.0">
<quantity id="87541DBDFFAAD83CEA62FA7BEAD2BB98" box="[861,924,1501,1525]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="800.0">800m</quantity>
</elevation>
/ex.
<collectorName id="ED59D58EFFAAD83CEAF6FA7BED20BB98" box="[969,1134,1501,1525]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Coll. A. Heyne</collectorName>
” [yellow label], “
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CEC0EFA7BEC0CBB98" box="[1329,1346,1501,1525]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
”, “Hes- perus/heynei
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69EBD131FFAAD83CE817F9A7E810B874" box="[296,350,1537,1561]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/
<determinerName id="B5CF5C9CFFAAD83CE859F9A7E89EB874" box="[358,464,1537,1561]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Wendeler</determinerName>
det.” [white label], “
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFAAD83CEB8AF9A7EA6DB874" box="[693,803,1537,1561]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="paratype">Paratypus</typeStatus>
” [red label], two of them with additional label “Erworben von/Alexander Heyne/Berlin-Wilmered.” and another one without “
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CEA52F983EA30B850" box="[877,894,1573,1597]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
” but with “Mit dem Typus verglichen” [red label], (
<collectionCode id="26BD289DFFAAD83CE9A0F9EFE9BCB80C" box="[159,242,1609,1633]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">ZMHB</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013B058FFAAD83CE9F8F9CAED55B8A0" blockId="0.[151,1437,1063,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
<materialsCitation id="F0C4BA05FFAAD83CE9F8F9CAEA5EB8A1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2242494928" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Costa Rica" county="Cotype'" elevation="1000" location="Belonuchus'" municipality="Fassl'" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" specimenCode="NHMUK 013584982" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Cartago" typeStatus="syntype">
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFAAD83CE9F8F9CAE86DB8E9" box="[199,291,1644,1668]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="syntype">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9F8F9CAE86DB8E9" bold="true" box="[199,291,1644,1668]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Syntype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE879F9CBEB0CB8E8" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1942" box="[326,578,1645,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE879F9CBEB0CB8E8" box="[326,578,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Belonuchus laevipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="D897ACDDFFAAD83CEB6EF9CBEBDEB8E8" box="[593,656,1645,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 34" captionStartId="3.[151,270,1390,1414]" captionTargetBox="[284,1287,180,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[284,1306,180,1358]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 34. 3, Belonuchus laevipennis Bernhauer, syntype [BMNH ©]; 4, aedoeagus of P. nigrinus in ventral view, scale bar= 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2944089/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CEB99F9CBEBF4B8E9" box="[678,698,1645,1668]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female"></specimenCount>
, with labels:´
<collectingCounty id="A972C8D4FFAAD83CEA70F9CBEAE9B8E8" box="[847,935,1645,1669]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Cotype´</collectingCounty>
[round white label with yellow margin],´
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFAAD83CEC62F9CBE987B8C4" name="Costa Rica" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
/Pino.
<collectingRegion id="82687EBAFFAAD83CE832F937E82AB8C4" box="[269,356,1681,1705]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Cartago</collectingRegion>
/
<elevation id="CB81576BFFAAD83CE853F937E8F9B8C4" box="[364,439,1681,1705]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<quantity id="87541DBDFFAAD83CE853F937E8F9B8C4" box="[364,439,1681,1705]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
</elevation>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="A0772A22FFAAD83CE880F937E8B1B8C4" box="[447,511,1681,1705]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Fassl´</collectingMunicipality>
[in Bernhauer´s handwriting, white label],´laevipennis/Brnh. Cotypus/
<location id="4573E683FFAAD83CEDCCF937EC37B8C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805014EFFAAD83EE9A8FB81ECDABB8B:4573E683FFAAD83CEDCCF937EC37B8C4" box="[1267,1401,1681,1705]" country="Costa Rica" county="Cotype'" municipality="Fassl'" name="Belonuchus'" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" stateProvince="Cartago">Belonuchus´</location>
[in Bernhauer´s handwriting, red label],´
<specimenCode id="100A1823FFAAD83CEB18F913EA5EB8A1" box="[551,784,1716,1741]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="Museum">NHMUK 013584982</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
´[white label], (
<collectionCode id="26BD289DFFAAD83CEA86F913ED41B8A0" box="[953,1039,1717,1741]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013B058FFAAD83CE9F8F97FEB17B954" blockId="0.[151,1437,1063,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
Additional material examined.
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFAAD83CEB1EF97FEBD0B89C" box="[545,670,1753,1777]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="82687EBAFFAAD83CEB93F97FEA25B89D" box="[684,875,1753,1777]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Guanacaste Prov.</collectingRegion>
Heliconias Biol. Sta. 10°42.92.92´N, 85°0.2.38W,
<quantity id="87541DBDFFAAD83CE9A8F95AE999B979" box="[151,215,1788,1812]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="600.0">600m</quantity>
,
<date id="34129698FFAAD83CE9DCF95BE8C8B978" box="[227,390,1789,1813]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" value="2001-11-20" valueMax="2001-11-23" valueMin="2001-11-20">20-23-XI-2001</date>
, ex. flight intercept trap, R. Brooks, CR1B
<date id="34129698FFAAD83CEA64F95BEAF7B978" box="[859,953,1787,1813]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" value="1964-01-01">01 64, 1</date>
³ (
<collectionCode id="26BD289DFFAAD83CEAE6F95BED69B978" box="[985,1063,1789,1813]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="Museum">SEMC</collectionCode>
).
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFAAD83CED05F95BEDDDB979" box="[1082,1171,1789,1812]" name="Panama" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Panama</collectingCountry>
: Cerro Campana, 2900´, VIII.30.1970, J. M. Campbell,
<specimenCount id="56AA7BD1FFAAD83CE8DDF887EB4DB954" box="[482,515,1825,1849]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="26BD289DFFAAD83CEB2EF887EB03B954" box="[529,589,1825,1849]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">CNC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B6E3D3FFAAD83CE9F8F8E2E806B980" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4013B058FFAAD83CE9F8F8E2E806B980" blockId="0.[151,1437,1063,2029]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE9F8F8E2E872B931" bold="true" box="[199,316,1860,1884]" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CE87DF8E3EB0FB931" box="[322,577,1861,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFAAD83CE87DF8E3EB0FB931" box="[322,577,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="191">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be identified among other Neotropical
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFAAD83CED25F8E3EDDBB930" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1837" box="[1050,1173,1861,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Philonthina">Philonthina</taxonomicName>
with similar habitus and color pattern by the following combination of characters: antennae with third segment longer than 1.5 times as long as second segment, two apical segments testaceous, distinctly paler than preceding segments; head with postgenal ridge developed ventrally but not joining ventral basal ridge medially and labial palpi with third segment distinctly shorter than second segment.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="14D3E0D0FFABD83DE9A8FB0EEA17BAAD" box="[151,857,1191,1216]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3387243/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" targetBox="[445,1142,180,1165]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="4013B058FFABD83DE9A8FB0EEA17BAAD" blockId="1.[151,857,1191,1216]" box="[151,857,1191,1216]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DE9A8FB0EE857BAAD" bold="true" box="[151,281,1192,1216]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DE81FFB0EEB28BAAD" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[288,614,1192,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DE81FFB0EEB51BAAD" box="[288,543,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
Sharp
</taxonomicName>
, holotype [BMNH ©].
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="08B6E3D3FFABD83EE9F8FB56ECDABB8B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4013B058FFABD83DE9F8FB56EBD8B96D" blockId="1.[151,1437,1264,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DE9F8FB56E807BB65" bold="true" box="[199,329,1264,1288]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Comments.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DE86FFB56E896BB65" author="Sharp, D. S." box="[336,472,1264,1288]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" pagination="393 - 536" refId="ref2256" refString="Sharp, D. S. (1885) Staphylinidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. 1 (2). Taylor &amp; Francis, London, pp. 393 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1885">Sharp (1885</bibRefCitation>
: 442) described
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DEBB6FB57EBB0BB65" box="[649,766,1265,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DEBB6FB57EBB0BB65" box="[649,766,1265,1288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">P. nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="82687EBAFFABD83DEA7FFB56EAE5BB65" box="[832,939,1264,1288]" country="Nicaragua" name="Chontales" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Chontales</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFABD83DEA85FB56ED65BB65" box="[954,1067,1264,1288]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
) as a “very aberrant species” with its generic affiliation “not quite certain, the species is not like any other known to me” and “not apparently a member of either of the groups” (referencing the three species groups into which Sharp divided
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DED7DFA9EEDAFBB3D" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1885" box="[1090,1249,1336,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DED7DFA9EEDAFBB3D" box="[1090,1249,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Paederomimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Later
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DEC08FA9EE997BB19" author="Wendeler, H." pageId="1" pageNumber="192" pagination="2 - 9" refId="ref2295" refString="Wendeler, H. (1927) Neue exotische Staphyliniden (Col.). 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Staphyliniden. Neue Beitrage zur Systematischen Insektenkunde, 4 (1), 2 - 9." type="journal article" year="1927">Wendeler (1927</bibRefCitation>
: 7) described
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DE84FFAFBE899BB19" authorityName="Wendeler" authorityYear="1927" box="[368,471,1372,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heynei">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DE84FFAFBE899BB19" box="[368,471,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">H. heynei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on eight female specimens from another locality (Turrialba,
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFABD83DED93FAFAEC6DBB19" box="[1196,1315,1372,1396]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
) about
<quantity id="87541DBDFFABD83DEC4BFAFAE9F7BBF5" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" unit="km" value="300.0">300 km</quantity>
from Chontales (MCP observation), but he gave no explanation for his generic assignment. Afterwards,
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DEC12FA26E997BBD1" author="Bernhauer, M." pageId="1" pageNumber="192" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref1657" refString="Bernhauer, M. (1942) Neue Staphyliniden aus Kostarika. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 138, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1942">Bernhauer (1942</bibRefCitation>
: 25-26) described
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DE8A0FA03EB78BBD1" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1942" box="[415,566,1444,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DE8A0FA03EB78BBD1" box="[415,566,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">B. laevipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="82687EBAFFABD83DEB47FA02EB82BBD1" box="[632,716,1444,1468]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Cartago</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="38BBF0C8FFABD83DEBE5FA02EA1DBBD1" box="[730,851,1444,1468]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
) as belonging to a group of species whose males show no spines in the femora (“mit unbedornten schenkeln”), but he gave no information about the number of specimens exam- ined. We were not able to examine the type material (three
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFABD83DEA38FA4AEA28B869" box="[775,870,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
) of this species deposited in the FMNH (Chani Posse
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DE9A8F9B7E988B845" box="[151,198,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
. 2018), but we could study a fourth
<typeStatus id="9F170EFAFFABD83DEB79F9B7EBD7B844" box="[582,665,1553,1577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
from the BMNH. Neither
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DEA8DF9B7ED6BB845" box="[946,1061,1553,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DEA8DF9B7ED6BB845" box="[946,1061,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">P. nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nor
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DED6AF9B7EDA5B845" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1942" box="[1109,1259,1552,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DED6AF9B7EDA5B845" box="[1109,1259,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">B. laevipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were mentioned in detail after their original descriptions. However,
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DEB89F993EA52B821" authorityName="Wendeler" authorityYear="1927" box="[694,796,1588,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heynei">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DEB89F993EA52B821" box="[694,796,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">H. heynei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included twice in a key to species of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DEDE7F993EC73B821" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1874" box="[1240,1341,1589,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DEDE7F993EC73B821" box="[1240,1341,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Hesperus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DEC75F992E845B81D" author="Scheerpeltz, O." pageId="1" pageNumber="192" pagination="483 - 540" refId="ref2159" refString="Scheerpeltz, O. (1936) Die von Prof. Dr. H. Eidmann gelegentlich seiner im Jahre 1933 nach Brasilien unternommenen Studienreise aufgesammelten Staphyliniden. I. Die in den Nestern von Atta sexdens L. aufgefundenen Staphyliniden, nebst einigen emerkungen + Scariphaeus. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Neue Folge, 5, 483 - 540." type="journal article" year="1936">Scheerpeltz 1936</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DE829F9FEE801B81D" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[278,335,1624,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" pagination="150 - 197" refId="ref2220" refString="Scheerpeltz, O. (1971) Studien an den Arten der Gattung Hesperus Fauvel (Col. Staphylinidae). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 22, 150 - 197." type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
). Although
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DE8F2F9FEEBDAB81D" author="Scheerpeltz, O." box="[461,660,1624,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" pagination="150 - 197" refId="ref2220" refString="Scheerpeltz, O. (1971) Studien an den Arten der Gattung Hesperus Fauvel (Col. Staphylinidae). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 22, 150 - 197." type="journal article" year="1971">Scheerpeltz (1971</bibRefCitation>
: 150) did recognize that
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DEAA0F9FFED4AB81D" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1874" box="[927,1028,1625,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DEAA0F9FFED4AB81D" box="[927,1028,1625,1648]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Hesperus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not a monophyletic group at that time, he also acknowledged difficulties in setting generic limits based on the material available (only male/s or female/s for many species). We found that the types of the three nominal species here indicated are identical in external characters. These names are considered to be synonyms. After the principle of priority (Article 23.3,
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFABD83DED50F962EDA3B8B1" author="ICZN" box="[1135,1261,1732,1756]" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" refId="ref1918" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. International Trust for Zoological omenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp. Available from: http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / hosted-sites / iczn / code / (Accessed 16 May 2019)" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFABD83DEDC2F962E87BB96D" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFABD83DEDC2F962E9BEB96D" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="192">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
Sharp
</taxonomicName>
is the valid name of this species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D3E0D0FFA8D83EE9A8FC73EA60BD83" box="[151,814,981,1006]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3387245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" targetBox="[345,1238,185,948]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="4013B058FFA8D83EE9A8FC73EA60BD83" blockId="2.[151,814,981,1006]" box="[151,814,981,1006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EE9A8FC73E857BD80" bold="true" box="[151,281,981,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EE81FFC70EB71BD80" authority="Wendeler" authorityName="Wendeler" authorityYear="1927" box="[288,575,981,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heynei">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EE81FFC70E89CBD83" box="[288,466,982,1006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Hesperus heynei</emphasis>
Wendeler
</taxonomicName>
, holotype [ZMHB ©].
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4013B058FFA8D83EE9F7FBB8ECDABB8B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1054,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EE9F7FBB8E878BA5B" bold="true" box="[200,310,1054,1078]" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Remarks.</emphasis>
A recent total evidence study (Chani-Posse et al. 2018a) demonstrated that the genera
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EEDE0FBB8EC15BA5B" authorityName="Nordmann" authorityYear="1837" box="[1247,1371,1054,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EEDE0FBB8EC15BA5B" box="[1247,1371,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Belonuchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EEC55FBB9E99CBA37" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EEC55FBB9E99CBA37" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Hesperus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EE835FBE4E8E7BA37" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1885" box="[266,425,1090,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EE835FBE4E8E7BA37" box="[266,425,1090,1114]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Paederomimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not monophyletic groups and accordingly, it proposed that their respective generic limits should be based on modern phylogenetic concepts. The species studied herein does not fit into the current (monophyletic) concepts of either
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EE85EFB2DE888BACF" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1874" box="[353,454,1163,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EE85EFB2DE888BACF" box="[353,454,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Hesperus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EE8D2FB2CEADABACF" authority="(Chani-Posse et al. 2018 a)" authorityName="Chani-Posse" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Chani-Posse" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[493,916,1162,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EE8D2FB2CEB27BACF" box="[493,617,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Belonuchus</emphasis>
(Chani-Posse et al. 2018a)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EEA9FFB2CEDEEBACF" box="[928,1184,1162,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EEA9FFB2CEDEEBACF" box="[928,1184,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Paederomimus nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has protarsomeres 14 that are not transversely widened, and lack modified (pale) adhesive setae, while true species of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EEDA7FB09EDB3BAAB" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1874" box="[1176,1277,1199,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Hesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EEDA7FB09EDB3BAAB" box="[1176,1277,1199,1222]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Hesperus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have protarsomeres 14 that are widened distally with modified (adhesive) pale seta. The mesoventrite of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EED55FB75ED93BA87" box="[1130,1245,1235,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrinus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EED55FB75ED93BA87" box="[1130,1245,1235,1258]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">P. nigrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows the sternopleural (anapleural) suture distinctly oblique, while the true species of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EEAB8FB50ED4DBB63" box="[903,1027,1270,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Belonuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EEAB8FB50ED4DBB63" box="[903,1027,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Belonuchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have it transverse or nearly transverse (very slightly oblique). Such differences together with a pronotum whose anterior angles are distinctly produced beyond (and anteriad) of the anterior margin of prosternum place this species among those of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EED7BFA98EDADBB3B" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1885" box="[1092,1251,1342,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EED7BFA98EDADBB3B" box="[1092,1251,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Paederomimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it is currently known (
<bibRefCitation id="243DCDA9FFA8D83EE9D0FAC4E8F7BB17" author="Chani-Posse, M." box="[239,441,1378,1402]" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" pagination="62 - 86" refId="ref1678" refString="Chani-Posse, M. (2014) An illustrated key to the New World genera of Philonthina Kirby (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with morphological, taxonomical and distributional notes. Zootaxa, 3755 (1), 62 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3755.1.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Chani-Posse 2014</bibRefCitation>
). It should be emphasized, however, that a monophyletic concept of
<taxonomicName id="87ACCBDBFFA8D83EED98FAC4EC08BB17" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1885" box="[1191,1350,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paederomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D86C4AFFA8D83EED98FAC4EC08BB17" box="[1191,1350,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Paederomimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has not been accomplished yet, and a comprehensive revision of this genus is pending. In the meantime, and for cases as the one here examined (i.e., one species, three valid names in three different genera), we consider that reporting these findings is a more efficient approach toward a natural classification than one awaiting for major revisionary studies to be completed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="C8056E8C83F5FA6A799CBBE82FDDD1BC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225028" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100116873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225028" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C8056E8C83F5FA6A799CBBE82FDDD1BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8056E8C83F5FA6A799CBBE82FDDD1BC" lastPageNumber="260" pageNumber="260">
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<paragraph id="B60452405DD51546E1CA42186AB5C46E" pageNumber="260">
Diagnosis of the
<taxonomicName id="4D068AA88B65BA0FA8E0C371A9BA3D2E" ID-CoL="6JGLW" ID-ENA="208978" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufibarbis" subGenus="Serviformica">Formica (Serviformica) rufibarbis</taxonomicName>
group
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1CEFAA47AD76E243612F557DF0878305" pageNumber="260" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A5AA5B0CD874191D4DD71E06AA292136" pageNumber="260">
Within the Palaearctic members of the subgenus Servifor-mica, the
<taxonomicName id="76087E1661899A33F17536D5528AAA8F" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufibarbis">Formica rufibarbis</taxonomicName>
group (typical example
<taxonomicName id="EFBB57189DB8741EC0DD5AB00E65A4C0" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clara">F. clara</taxonomicName>
, Figs. 12 and 13) is diagnosable by the following character combination: mesosoma showing 25 to 100% reddish pigmentation; moderate to large body size (nest means of CS 1.075 - 1.731 mm); moderate eye size (nest means of EYE / CS1.4 0.274 - 0.312); posterior margin and underside of head normally without setae (nOCC and nGU may occasionally achieve 1.5 and 3.0 in
<taxonomicName id="3F189B1DCCECE0C03E1EFE336BBC39D8" authority="Seifert &amp; Schultz, 2009" authorityName="Seifert &amp; Schultz" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anatolica" status="sp. n.">F. anatolica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF9203BC3A1A843614C1958E73D880E3" pageNumber="260" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), mesosoma with zero to numerous setae; petiole scale rather wide (nest means of PEW / CS1.4 0.364 - 0.523), with a convex or bluntly angulate dorsal crest; gaster ter-gites with a dense, usually silvery pubescence (sqPDG1.4 2.7 - 3.9) and with more or less dense transverse micro-ripples (RipD1.4 3.8 - 9.2), thus appearing more matt at low magnifications. Range West Europe to East China. Moderately to strongly thermophilic; avoiding the boreal zone; in the temperate climate zone only in open, sun-exposed habitats; in warmer climate zones some species also occurring in woodland. Primary habitats are open grassland, and most species invade rural or suburban areas. Monodomous colonies with single to few queens. Simple, sometimes extended soil nests, frequently under stones, rarely with a flat mound of mineral soil particles or even some organic material. Predacious and trophobiotic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="460747A4D95D836A1056082977CB6EB0" pageNumber="260" type="description">
<paragraph id="09C99993ED1CA3450640932B4076BFB6" pageNumber="260">Treatment by species</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
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<mods:title id="6DF245A00EF7F5FBFB72BF4C08571636">A new basal ornithopod dinosaur (Frenchman Formation, Saskatchewan, Canada), and implications for late Maastrichtian ornithischian diversity in North America</mods:title>
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<heading id="1B5B819BFFA40255FF1E0848B3BE1A37" box="[213,729,1812,1833]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA40255FF1E0848B3171A36" authority="Brown &amp; Boyd &amp; Russell, 2011" authorityName="Brown &amp; Boyd &amp; Russell" authorityYear="2011" box="[213,624,1812,1833]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="5" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="assiniboiensis" status="sp. nov.">THESCELOSAURUS ASSINIBOIENSIS</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FDB3084BB3BE1A37" bold="true" box="[632,729,1812,1833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">
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<paragraph id="401336F7FFA40255FF6F0866B4C51C6B" blockId="5.[164,779,1850,1903]" lastBlockId="5.[826,1442,198,373]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">
1989
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA40255FF2F0866B33A1A4E" authority="Galton" authorityName="Galton" box="[228,605,1850,1872]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglectus">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FF2F0866B3641A51" box="[228,515,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Thescelosaurus neglectus</emphasis>
Galton
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 4, figs 18;
<bibRefCitation id="243D4B06FFA40255FF6F0805B0531A71" author="Galton PM" box="[164,308,1881,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" pagination="243 - 311" refId="ref26565" refString="Galton PM. 1995. The species of the basal hypsilophodontid dinosaur Thescelosaurus Gilmore (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the late Cretaceous of North America. Neues Jahrbuch Fur Geologie Und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen 198: 243 - 311." type="journal article" year="1995">Galton 1995</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4;
<bibRefCitation id="243D4B06FFA40255FE4C0805B3701A70" author="Galton PM" box="[391,535,1881,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" pagination="321 - 348" refId="ref26606" refString="Galton PM. 1997. Cranial anatomy of the basal hypsilophodontid dinosaur Thescelosaurus neglectus Gilmore (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America. Revue De Paleobiologie 16: 321 - 348." type="journal article" year="1997">Galton 1997</bibRefCitation>
: figs 3, 4, 10, pl. 12.
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FCF10F9AB2D61DC5" box="[826,945,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Dorsal and posterior margins of the squamosal convex; supraoccipital bearing a distinct median foramen running from the roof of the myelencephalon through to the dorsal surface of the element. Differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA40255FC000E1DB52E1C4B" authorityName="Morris" authorityYear="1976" box="[971,1097,320,342]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garbanii">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FC000E1DB52E1C4B" box="[971,1097,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">T. garbanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the calcaneum not being reduced and thus participating in the mesotarsal joint.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FCF10EC0B5751CAF" box="[826,1042,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Specific etymology:</emphasis>
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Named for the
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, a regional administrative unit of the North-
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,
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, from 1882 to 1905 (located between 49° and
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, and ~101.5 and ~
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). The majority of this district became the southern portion of the modern province of
<collectingRegion id="8268F815FFA40255FB3D0D69B4FA1F55" box="[1270,1437,565,587]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
, with the westernmost area becoming the easternmost portion of the province of
<collectingRegion id="8268F815FFA40255FB480D2EB5BB1F96" box="[1155,1244,626,648]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Alberta</collectingRegion>
. It encloses the exposures of the
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was named after the Assiniboine First Nations People
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.
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<materialsCitation id="F0C43CAAFFA40255FCF10DB1B29C1EC7" collectionCode="RSM" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" specimenCode="P 1225.1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FCF10DB1B2C31E1C" box="[826,932,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">
<typeStatus id="9F178855FFA40255FCF10DB1B2F91E1C" box="[826,926,749,770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FC650DB1B2801E1C" box="[942,999,749,770]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">RSM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="100A9E8CFFA40255FC260DB1B5351E1C" box="[1005,1106,748,770]" collectionCode="RSM" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">P 1225.1</specimenCode>
, a small, relatively complete skeleton, preserving a partial skull (including a nearly complete braincase), dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebral series, dorsal ribs, pelvic girdles, and hindlimbs. Based on the 1968 quarry map, the skeleton was found in articulated condition, with the anterior part of the animal extending into the hill, but with the tail exposed.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401336F7FFA40255FCF10B5CB5EE1B22" blockId="5.[826,1441,1024,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FCF10B5CB2FB190B" box="[826,924,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Locality:</emphasis>
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Specimen
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FBEB0B5CB53E190B" box="[1056,1113,1024,1045]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">RSM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="100A9E8CFFA40255FB940B5CB5A61908" box="[1119,1217,1024,1046]" collectionCode="RSM" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">P 1225.1</specimenCode>
was discovered on
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<collectingDate id="2456E9DFFFA40255FCF10B43B2B5192B" box="[826,978,1055,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" value="1968-06-19">19 June 1968</collectingDate>
</date>
and collected by
<collectorName id="ED595321FFA40255FB780B43B4C6192A" box="[1203,1441,1055,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Albert E. Swanston</collectorName>
of the Royal
<collectingRegion id="8268F815FFA40255FC3D0B61B5FC194D" box="[1014,1179,1085,1107]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
Museum (then the
<collectingRegion id="8268F815FFA40255FCF10B00B2B8196C" box="[826,991,1116,1138]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="A9724E7BFFA40255FC3C0B00B401196C" box="[1015,1382,1116,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Museum of Natural History</collectingCounty>
) on
<date id="34121037FFA40255FCF10B27B2A8198E" box="[826,975,1146,1168]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" value="1968-07-17">
<collectingDate id="2456E9DFFFA40255FCF10B27B2A8198E" box="[826,975,1146,1168]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" value="1968-07-17">17 July 1968</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="A077AC8DFFA40255FC160B26B56E198E" box="[989,1033,1146,1168]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">The</collectingMunicipality>
original location, stated as northwest of
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FC580BC5B55519B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FC580BC5B55519B1" box="[915,1074,1177,1199]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Clarks Ranch" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Clarks Ranch</location>
, from NW 1/4
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FB110BC5B46619B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FB110BC5B46619B0" box="[1242,1281,1177,1198]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Sec" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Sec</location>
35,
<specimenCode id="100A9E8CFFA40255FAF90BC5B43D19B0" box="[1330,1370,1177,1198]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">T 4</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="100A9E8CFFA40255FAAD0BC5B4FB19B0" box="[1382,1436,1177,1198]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">R 19</specimenCode>
, west of the 3
<superScript id="B7D99BBFFFA40255FC140BEAB28919DC" attach="left" box="[991,1006,1206,1218]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">rd</superScript>
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FC370BE4B50F19D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FC370BE4B50F19D0" box="[1020,1128,1208,1230]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Meridian" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Meridian</location>
,
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FBB10BE4B4FA19D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FBB10BE4B4FA19D0" box="[1146,1437,1208,1230]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Frenchman River Valley" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Frenchman River Valley</location>
,
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FCF10B8AB28119F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FCF10B8AB28119F2" box="[826,998,1238,1260]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Saskatchewan'" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</location>
, is incorrect.
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FB4A0B8AB47319F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FB4A0B8AB47319F2" box="[1153,1300,1238,1260]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Tim Tokaryk" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Tim Tokaryk</location>
(
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FAEF0B8AB43919F2" box="[1316,1374,1238,1260]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">RSM</collectionCode>
) relocated the original site in the late 1980s (with the relocation being confirmed by the matching of a rib fragment collected at the site with a rib of the specimen, and residual plaster persisting at the site;
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FCF10A2CB22B189B" box="[826,844,1392,1413]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FC840A2CB206189B" box="[847,865,1392,1413]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">T</collectionCode>
.
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FCA00A33B2AC189B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FCA00A33B2AC189B" box="[875,971,1391,1413]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Tokaryk" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Tokaryk</location>
, pers. comm., 2007).
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FB080A33B47B189B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FB080A33B47B189B" box="[1219,1308,1391,1413]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Located" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Located</location>
in LSD 11,
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FCF10AD2B20618BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FCF10AD2B20618BD" box="[826,865,1422,1443]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Sec" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Sec</location>
2,
<specimenCode id="100A9E8CFFA40255FC430AD2B2C818BA" box="[904,943,1422,1444]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">T 5</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="100A9E8CFFA40255FC0B0AD2B29118BD" box="[960,1014,1422,1443]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">R 19</specimenCode>
, west of the 3
<superScript id="B7D99BBFFFA40255FB6C0AD0B5D11886" attach="left" box="[1191,1206,1420,1432]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">rd</superScript>
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FB090AD2B44C18BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FB090AD2B44C18BA" box="[1218,1323,1422,1444]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Meridian" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Meridian</location>
in southwestern
<collectingRegion id="8268F815FFA40255FC560AF0B52518DC" box="[925,1090,1452,1474]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="D8972A72FFA40255FB990AF0B5F218DD" box="[1106,1173,1452,1475]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[144,223,1329,1348]" captionTargetBox="[144,761,194,1299]" captionTargetId="figure-528@6.[144,761,194,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. The geographic location of the RSM P 1225.1 quarry. A, the location of the Province of Saskatchewan in Canada, highlighting the area of south-western Saskatchewan illustrated in (B). B, regional map of southwestern Saskatchewan with star indicating the location of the quarry on the north side of the Frenchman River Valley near Cambery Coulee." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442209/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FB600AF0B5B018DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FB600AF0B5B018DC" box="[1195,1239,1452,1474]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="The" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">The</location>
quarry is located on the north side of the
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FB940A97B41C18FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FB940A97B41C18FF" box="[1119,1403,1483,1505]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Frenchman River Valley" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Frenchman River Valley</location>
on the north-west facing side of a butte extending from the valley wall.
<location id="4573602CFFA40255FC240955B5571B00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80587E1FFA40256FF1E0848B5DC1C9A:4573602CFFA40255FC240955B5571B00" box="[1007,1072,1545,1566]" county="Museum of Natural History" municipality="The" name="Exact" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Saskatchewan">Exact</location>
locality information is available from the
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FC63097BB2861B22" box="[936,993,1575,1596]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">RSM</collectionCode>
upon request
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401336F7FFA40255FCF10938B2F51BC8" blockId="5.[826,1441,1636,1750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FCF10938B2AB1B67" box="[826,972,1636,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Distribution:</emphasis>
Frenchman Formation,
<collectingRegion id="8268F815FFA40255FB2C0938B4EB1B64" box="[1255,1420,1636,1658]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
Maastrichtian (65.565.0 Mya) (
<bibRefCitation id="243D4B06FFA40255FB6609DFB2141BA9" author="Lerbekmo JF &amp; Coulter KC" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" pagination="567 - 583" refId="ref27459" refString="Lerbekmo JF, Coulter KC. 1985. Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary magnetostratigraphy of a continental sequence: Red Deer Valley, Alberta, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22: 567 - 583." type="journal article" year="1985">Lerbekmo &amp; Coulter, 1985</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243D4B06FFA40255FC4709FEB5DA1BA8" author="Braman DR &amp; Sweet AR" box="[908,1213,1697,1719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" pagination="725 - 741" refId="ref25448" refString="Braman DR, Sweet AR. 1999. Terrestrial palynomorph biostratigraphy of the Cypress Hills, Wood Mountain, and Turtle Mountain areas (Upper Cretaceous - Paleocene) of western Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 36: 725 - 741." type="journal article" year="1999">Braman &amp; Sweet, 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243D4B06FFA40255FB1E09FDB4FE1BA9" author="Lerbekmo JF" box="[1237,1433,1697,1719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162" refId="ref27424" refString="Lerbekmo JF. 1999. Magnetostratigraphy of the Canadian" type="book" year="1999">Lerbekmo, 1999</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="D8972A72FFA40255FC89099CB2E21BC8" box="[834,901,1728,1750]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1648,1667]" captionTargetBox="[167,777,1153,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-567@3.[164,780,1150,1618]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Chronostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Montana, Wyoming, and North and South Dakota, showing approximate time equivalence. Numbers on the left are in millions of years before present. Formations in white are terrestrial, and those in grey are marine; DMT, Drumheller Marine Tongue. Complied from Eberth, 2004; Brinkman DB. 2003; Koppelhus EB, Braman DR. 2010; Hamblin and Abrahamson, 1996; McIver 2002." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442203/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401336F7FFA40256FCF109A1B46F1C29" blockId="5.[826,1441,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[806,1421,198,312]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1163" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA40255FCF109A1B2C11A0C" box="[826,934,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">Remarks:</emphasis>
Although
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA40255FBFC09A1B5171A0C" box="[1079,1136,1789,1810]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="1162">RSM</collectionCode>
P 1225.1 is a relatively small specimen that may not be skeletally mature, its recognition as representing a distinct species rests upon two major observations. Firstly, it is only 13% is more deeply concave in immature specimens of
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA70256FCED0FB9B2CD1DE7" box="[806,938,228,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglectus">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA70256FCED0FB9B2CD1DE7" box="[806,938,228,250]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">T. neglectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than it is in adults, which is opposite to the trend that would be required for
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA70256FB050E5FB4601C06" box="[1230,1287,259,280]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">RSM</collectionCode>
P 1225.1 to be an immature specimen of
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA70256FBB60E7EB4661C29" box="[1149,1281,290,311]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglectus">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA70256FBB60E7EB4661C29" box="[1149,1281,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">T. neglectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D3667FFFA70256FF5B0A6DB0AE18EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5442209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442209/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" startId="6.[144,223,1329,1348]" targetBox="[144,761,194,1299]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="401336F7FFA70256FF5B0A6DB0AE18EA" blockId="6.[144,759,1329,1524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA70256FF5B0A6DB19F185A" bold="true" box="[144,248,1329,1348]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">Figure 3.</emphasis>
The geographic location of the RSM P 1225.1 quarry. A, the location of the Province of Saskatchewan in Canada, highlighting the area of south-western Saskatchewan illustrated in (B). B, regional map of southwestern Saskatchewan with star indicating the location of the quarry on the north side of the Frenchman River Valley near Cambery Coulee.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="401336F7FFA70256FF5B097BB3901A71" blockId="6.[144,759,1575,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">
smaller (based on femur length) than the
<typeStatus id="9F178855FFA70256FDB3097BB3BE1B23" box="[632,729,1575,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA70256FF5B091AB0741B44" box="[144,275,1605,1627]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglectus">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA70256FF5B091AB0741B44" box="[144,275,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">T. neglectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA70256FEFB091AB0E71B45" box="[304,384,1606,1627]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
7757), and is less than 9% smaller than both
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA70256FE400938B0AF1B67" box="[395,456,1636,1657]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34935" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34935" name="Canadian Museum of Nature" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="Museum">CMN</collectionCode>
8537 and
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA70256FD920938B3C31B67" box="[601,676,1636,1657]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
33543. Neither of the latter
<specimenCount id="56AAFD7EFFA70256FE4B09DFB34E1B87" box="[384,553,1667,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
, nor the similarly sized
<typeStatus id="9F178855FFA70256FF1E09FEB05C1BA9" box="[213,315,1698,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="87AC4D74FFA70256FEAD09FEB08D1BA8" box="[358,490,1697,1719]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglectus">
<emphasis id="72D8EAE5FFA70256FEAD09FEB08D1BA8" box="[358,490,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">T. neglectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA70256FE3709FDB32B1BA8" box="[508,588,1697,1718]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
7758), display the autapomorphies evident in
<collectionCode id="26BDAE32FFA70256FDDA099CB32D1BCB" box="[529,586,1728,1749]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">RSM</collectionCode>
P 1225.1. Secondly, the autapomorphies cited above (presence of the supraoccipital foramen and the shape of the posterior margin of the squamosal) are unlikely to be ontogenetically variable or to vary allometrically by size. In fact, the posterior margin of the squamosal
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B6657CFFA70256FC330E30B5DC1C9A" box="[1016,1211,364,388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163" type="description">
<paragraph id="401336F7FFA70256FC330E30B5DC1C9A" blockId="6.[1016,1211,364,388]" box="[1016,1211,364,388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1163">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,745 @@
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5277.3.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7890157" ID-ZooBank="0B8E44CF-344D-498B-99A2-0B7347F7D055" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683101793271" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chaves Júnior, Salvador P., Lima, Guilherme C., Mendonça, Rafael P. &amp; Andrade, Andrey J." docDate="2023" docId="C805E66D1361FFB4FF47FF0365E55314" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5277.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5277 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5277.3.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lutzomyia fonsecai" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="535" masterDocId="343C9E151368FFBAFFD0FF94645A5411" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species of the genus Lutzomyia França, 1924 (Diptera: Phlebotominae) and of the male of Lutzomyia fonsecai (Costa Lima, 1932)" masterLastPageNumber="537" masterPageNumber="521" pageNumber="530" updateTime="1683201166896" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title>Description of a new species of the genus Lutzomyia França, 1924 (Diptera: Phlebotominae) and of the male of Lutzomyia fonsecai (Costa Lima, 1932)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Chaves Júnior, Salvador P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Lima, Guilherme C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil guiceciliolima @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0095 - 0159</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">guiceciliolima@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mendonça, Rafael P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil guiceciliolima @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0095 - 0159</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">guiceciliolima@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andrade, Andrey J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil &amp; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5277.3.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7890157</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0B8E44CF-344D-498B-99A2-0B7347F7D055</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D1361FFB4FF47FF0365E55314" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C805E66D1361FFB4FF47FF0365E55314" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<subSubSection box="[151,633,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,633,151,213]" box="[151,633,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,633,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" reason="1">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="92TD6" authority="(Costa Lima, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Costa Lima" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[151,633,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,633,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,387,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Costa Lima, A." box="[402,624,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="15 - 69" refId="ref9115" refString="Costa Lima, A. (1932) Sobre os phlebotomos americanos (Diptera: Psychodidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 26, 15 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761932000100002" type="journal article" year="1932">Costa Lima, 1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[151,267,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,633,151,213]" box="[151,267,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
(
<figureCitation box="[159,259,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 67</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1436,255,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitation author="Costa Lima, A." box="[151,597,256,280]" page="49" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="1932">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="8DB97" authority="Costa Lima, 1932: 49" authorityName="Costa Lima" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,597,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Phlebotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[151,373,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Phlebotomus fonsecai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Costa Lima, A." box="[379,597,256,280]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="15 - 69" refId="ref9115" refString="Costa Lima, A. (1932) Sobre os phlebotomos americanos (Diptera: Psychodidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 26, 15 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761932000100002" type="journal article" year="1932">Costa Lima, 1932: 49</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<specimenCount box="[613,631,256,280]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName authority="de Inscripciones, Carmen" authorityName="de Inscripciones, Carmen" box="[643,966,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gruta">Gruta de Inscripciones, Carmen</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingRegion box="[975,1089,256,280]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1098,1177,256,280]" name="Bolivia" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation author="Martins, A. V. &amp; Williams, P." box="[1194,1436,255,280]" page="168" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation author="Martins, A. V. &amp; Williams, P." box="[1194,1436,255,280]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refId="ref9683" refString="Martins, A. V., Williams, P. &amp; Falc &quot; o, A. L. (1978) American Sand Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae). Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, Rio de Janeiro, 195 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 108717" type="book" year="1978">
Martins
<emphasis box="[1279,1330,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">et al.</emphasis>
1978: 168
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(listet, distribution).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1436,255,494]" box="[151,616,317,341]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,616,317,341]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitation author="Rapp, F. W. Jr." box="[151,530,317,341]" page="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="1945">
<taxonomicName authority=": Rapp, 1945: 23" authorityName="Rapp" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,530,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Flebotomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[151,361,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Flebotomus fonsecai</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Rapp, F. W. Jr." box="[375,530,317,341]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="21 - 30" refId="ref10143" refString="Rapp, F. W. Jr. (1945) Check-list of Psychodidae of South and Central America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 53, 21 - 30." type="journal article" year="1945">Rapp, 1945: 23</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(listed).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1436,255,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitation author="Theodor, O." box="[151,573,347,372]" page="196" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="1965">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="92TD6" authority=": Theodor, 1965: 196" authorityName=": Theodor" authorityPageNumber="196" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,573,347,372]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[151,350,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Theodor, O." box="[367,573,347,372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="171 - 197" refId="ref10073" refString="Theodor, O. (1965) On the classification of American Phlebotominae. Journal of Medical Entomology, 2, 171 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 2.2.171" type="journal article" year="1965">Theodor, 1965: 196</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<specimenCount box="[593,611,348,372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
, listed);
<treatmentCitation author="Forattini, O. P." box="[705,907,348,372]" page="348" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation author="Forattini, O. P." box="[705,907,348,372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refId="ref9158" refString="Forattini, O. P. (1973) Entomologia Medica. IV. Psychodidae. Leishmanioses. Bartolonese. Edgar Blucher, S &quot; o Paulo, 658 pp." type="book" year="1973">Forattini 1973: 348</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<specimenCount box="[927,945,348,372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
, figure, listed, distribution, identification key);
<treatmentCitation author="Young, D. &amp; Duncan, M. A." box="[199,495,378,403]" page="686" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation author="Young, D. &amp; Duncan, M. A." box="[199,495,378,403]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="1 - 881" refId="ref10239" refString="Young, D. &amp; Duncan, M. A. (1994) Guide to the identification and geographic distribution of Lutzomyia sand flies in Mexico, the West Indies, Central and South America (Diptera: Psychodidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 54, 1 - 881. https: // doi. org / 10.21236 / ADA 285737" type="journal article" year="1994">Young &amp; Duncan 1994: 686</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<specimenCount box="[514,532,378,402]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
, figure., listed, distribution, identification key);
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B. &amp; Le Pont, F. &amp; Galvis, F. O." box="[1034,1216,378,402]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refId="ref9516" refString="Galati, E. A. B., Le Pont, F. &amp; Galvis, F. O. (2011) Fonsecai complex of the genus Lutzomyia (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae). I SOPS 7. International Symposium on Phlebotomine Sandflies. Kusadasi, Turkey. [unknown pagination]" type="proceedings paper" year="2011">
Galati
<emphasis box="[1104,1158,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
(♁, figure);
<treatmentCitation author="Sabio, P. B. &amp; Andrade, A. J. &amp; Galati, E. A. B." page="597" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation author="Sabio, P. B. &amp; Andrade, A. J. &amp; Galati, E. A. B." pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="589 - 599" refId="ref9873" refString="Sabio, P. B., Andrade, A. J. &amp; Galati, E. A. B. (2015) Redescription of Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) renei Martins, Falc &quot; o &amp; Silva, 1957 (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae). Zootaxa, 4, 589 - 599. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3999.4.9" type="journal article" year="2015">
Sábio
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">et al.</emphasis>
2015: 597
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(taxonomic discussion);
<treatmentCitation author="Shimabukuro, P. H. F. &amp; Andrade, A. J. &amp; Galati, E. A. B." box="[601,899,409,433]" page="79" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation author="Shimabukuro, P. H. F. &amp; Andrade, A. J. &amp; Galati, E. A. B." box="[601,899,409,433]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="67 - 106" refId="ref9942" refString="Shimabukuro, P. H. F., Andrade, A. J. &amp; Galati, E. A. B. (2017) Checklist of American sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae): genera, species, and their distribution. Zookeys, 660, 67 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 660.10508" type="journal article" year="2017">
Shimabukuro
<emphasis box="[746,800,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">et al.</emphasis>
2017: 79
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(listed, distribution);
<treatmentCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[1127,1289,409,433]" page="35" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[1127,1289,409,433]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" refId="ref9359" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2018) Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae): classification, morphology and terminology of adults and identification of American taxa. In: Rangel, E. F. &amp; Shaw, J. J. (Eds.), Brazilian Sand flies. Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp. 09 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 75544 - 1 _ 2" type="book" year="2018">Galati 2018: 35</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(♁,
<specimenCount box="[1341,1360,409,432]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
, listed, distribution, identification key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1436,255,494]" box="[151,1374,470,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,1374,470,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[151,704,470,494]" page="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="2003">
<taxonomicName authority=": Galati 2003: 32" authorityName="Galati" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,704,470,494]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Micropygomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai" subGenus="Sauromyia">
<emphasis box="[151,533,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) fonsecai</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[547,704,470,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="23 - 51" refId="ref9231" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2003) Classificac &quot; o de Phlebotominae e morfologia, terminologia de adultos e identificac &quot; o dos taxons da America. In: Rangel, E. F. &amp; Lainson, R. (Eds.), Flebotomineos do Brasil. Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 23 - 51." type="book chapter" year="2003">Galati 2003: 32</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<specimenCount box="[721,739,470,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
, listed, distribution);
<treatmentCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[957,1127,470,494]" page="448" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[957,1127,470,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" pagination="445 - 451" refId="ref9296" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2007) Description of Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) vonatzingeni sp. nov. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from the states of Para and Tocantins, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51, 445 - 451. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400007" type="journal article" year="2007">Galati 2007: 448</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<specimenCount box="[1144,1162,470,494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="female"></specimenCount>
, listed, distribution).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,540,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,219,541,567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Male.</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation box="[299,389,540,566]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
): 330 (340391, n = 7) in length, 287 (270328, n = 7) in width; the arrangement of deciduous bristles in the occiput region forming an “X” shape; clypeus: 122 (122151, n = 7) in length, 84 (7296, n = 7) in width; eyes: 157 (142186, n = 7) in length, 93 (81107, n = 7) in width; interocular distance: 104 (107119, n = 7). Pharynx with striations and small teeth (
<figureCitation box="[701,792,648,674]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Cibarium: absence of teeth (
<figureCitation box="[1137,1225,648,674]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
) (some specimens present between 6 and 9 anterior teeth distributed in a transverse row). Sclerotized arch complete (
<figureCitation box="[1233,1320,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Labrum-epipharynx (LE): 209 (203246, n = 7) (
<figureCitation box="[618,706,720,746]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). Antenna (
<figureCitation box="[838,962,720,746]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 6CE</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[976,1041,721,747]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">7AJ</figureCitation>
): flagellomeres (F) length: FI: 246 (252284, n = 6), FII: 116 (116130, n = 6), FIII: 128 (116128, n = 6), FXIII: 64 (5261, n = 6) and FXIV: lost (5264, n = 5). Ascoids: short posterior spur, atrophied peduncle; long anterior spur on FI, but it does not reach the level of the preapical papilla (
<figureCitation box="[536,627,828,854]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
); external ascoids implanted at a more apical level than the internal on FI; presence of one preapical papilla on FIFIII (
<figureCitation box="[714,841,864,890]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 6CE</figureCitation>
), papilla absent on FIVFXI (
<figureCitation box="[1185,1317,864,891]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 7AH</figureCitation>
); presence of two papillae on FXII and three on FXIII (
<figureCitation box="[662,815,900,927]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 7I and J</figureCitation>
), FXIV lost (presence of four papillae on FXIV in the other specimens); preapical spiniform papilla in FIX, FXI and FXIII (
<figureCitation box="[926,1109,936,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 7F, H and J</figureCitation>
); presence of simple setae on FIVFXIII (
<figureCitation box="[288,408,972,999]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 7AJ</figureCitation>
). Palpi (P) (
<figureCitation box="[539,665,972,998]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Figs 6GK</figureCitation>
) length: palpomere I: 38 (2943, n = 7), palpomere II: 119 (122142, n = 7), palpomere III: 133 (136168, n = 7), palpomere IV: 107 (110130, n = 7) and palpomere V: 273 (235343, n = 7); palpal formula: 1.4.2.3.5; PIII with Newsteads sensillae concentrated in the median region in the article (
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
). Parallel labial sutures not forked (
<figureCitation box="[577,659,1080,1106]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,540,2007]" box="[199,1255,1116,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Cervix: ventro-cervical sensilla present. Cervical sclerites bearing a pair of spinifom sensillae.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,540,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
Thorax. Mesonotum: 416 (394496, n = 7) in length. Pronotum, metanotum and post-notum light brown; paratergites and pleura off-white. Presence of three proepimeral setae; eight upper anepisternal setae. Absence of setae in the anterior region of the katepisternum. Costal vein broken in the specimen used for description. Wing (
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 7K</figureCitation>
): 1,609 (
<geoCoordinate box="[291,356,1260,1286]" degrees="1,609" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" precision="55" value="1.609">1,609</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[356,434,1260,1286]" degrees="1,831" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" precision="55" value="-1.831">1,831</geoCoordinate>
, n = 7) in length, 418 (418465, n = 7) in width; Veins:
<specimenCode box="[1083,1112,1261,1293]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
R
<subScript attach="left" box="[1102,1112,1279,1293]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">5</subScript>
</specimenCode>
: 1,017 (
<geoCoordinate box="[1203,1267,1260,1286]" degrees="1,036" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" precision="55" value="1.036">1,036</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[1267,1346,1260,1286]" degrees="1,110" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" precision="55" value="-1.11">1,110</geoCoordinate>
, n = 7),
<emphasis box="[151,195,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">alfa</emphasis>
: 367 (367414, n = 7),
<emphasis box="[460,508,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">beta</emphasis>
: 226 (223255, n = 7),
<emphasis box="[774,856,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">gamma</emphasis>
: 215 (226273, n = 7),
<emphasis box="[1122,1178,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">delta</emphasis>
: 113 (125159, n = 7),
<emphasis box="[151,173,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">pi</emphasis>
: 131 (116182, n = 7). Legs: anterior, median and posterior. Coxae: 251 (260316, n = 7), 260 (260316, n = 7), 260 (265316, n = 7); only the femur (678, n = 1) and tibia (657, n = 1) of the anterior leg of one of the specimens were not lost.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,540,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">
Abdomen: 1,313 (
<geoCoordinate box="[407,472,1441,1467]" degrees="1,184" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" precision="55" value="1.184">1,184</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[471,551,1441,1467]" degrees="1,498" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="530" precision="55" value="-1.498">1,498</geoCoordinate>
, n = 7) in length; tergal papillae absent. Genitalia (
<figureCitation box="[1141,1230,1440,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 7L</figureCitation>
): gonocoxite: 235 (229249, n = 7) in length, 87 (87113, n = 7) in width, with basal tuft containing 4 setae, with the apical being smaller and thinner than the others; two long slender setae and one semifoliaceous seta longer than the others with sickle-shaped apex.; gonostyle: 145 (145162, n = 7) in length, without preapical seta, and with 4 spines well developed: one apical, one upper external, one lower external and one internal. Upper external spine implanted in the apical third of the gonostyle and the lower external spine is situated at a more basal level than the internal spine. Paramere (
<figureCitation box="[272,367,1656,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 7M</figureCitation>
): dorsal margin: 157 (142151, n = 7) in length, ventral margin: 139 (139168, n = 7) in length; convex dorsal margin, with seven straight setae; apical extremity of the dorsal margin curved upwards; tubercule of the dorsal margin: upper edge 29 (2635, n = 7) in length, lower edge 14 (1723, n = 7) in length, 9 (912, n = 7) in width, with three setae with hookshaped apex; digitiform apex of the paramere: 17 (1723, n = 7) in length and 9 (612, n = 7) in width; ventral margin with preapical spur covered by a row of long setae. Parameral sheath sclerotized and coniform. Epandrial lobe: 281 (290325, n = 7) in length, 23 (2026, n = 7) in width. Sperm pump (
<figureCitation box="[159,252,1872,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 7N</figureCitation>
): 162 (148168, n = 7); ejaculatory apodeme: 125 (121142, n =7); aedegal ducts, 357 (377418, n = 7) in length, and 3 (3, n = 7) in width; with bevelshaped apex (
<figureCitation box="[838,926,1908,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[180,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Wing. L. Terminalia M. Paramere. N. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="530">Fig. 7N</figureCitation>
) and approximately 2.4 times longer than the sperm pump. Cerci damaged in the specimen used in the description, the measurements refer to other specimens; damaged (99162, n = 6) in length, damaged (2349, n = 6) in width.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" startId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" targetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="10.[151,1437,1946,2042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,275,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Male of
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Theodor" authorityYear="1965" box="[366,562,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[366,562,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[574,599,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">A.</emphasis>
Head.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[671,690,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">a.</emphasis>
Labium.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[787,810,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">B.</emphasis>
Pharynx and cibarium.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1052,1076,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">C.</emphasis>
Flagellomere I.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1243,1267,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">D.</emphasis>
Flagellomere II.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,174,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">E.</emphasis>
Flagellomere III.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[359,378,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">F.</emphasis>
Labrum-epipharynx.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[600,626,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">G.</emphasis>
Palpomere I.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[768,794,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">H.</emphasis>
Palpomere II.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[944,960,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">I.</emphasis>
Palpomere III.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1119,1138,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">J.</emphasis>
Palpomere IV.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1296,1322,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="531">K.</emphasis>
Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890173" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7890173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890173/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="532" startId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[202,1396,193,1902]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1436,1943,2039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Male of
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Theodor" authorityYear="1965" box="[368,564,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[368,564,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[578,602,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">A.</emphasis>
Flagellomere IV.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[786,809,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">B.</emphasis>
Flagellomere V.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[983,1008,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">C.</emphasis>
Flagellomere VI.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1194,1219,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">D.</emphasis>
Flagellomere VII.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1413,1436,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">E.</emphasis>
Flagellomere VIII.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[348,367,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">F.</emphasis>
Flagellomere IX.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[555,582,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">G.</emphasis>
Flagellomere X.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[761,787,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">H.</emphasis>
Flagellomere XI.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[974,990,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">I.</emphasis>
Flagellomere XII.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1187,1206,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">J.</emphasis>
Flagellomere XIII.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1410,1436,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">K.</emphasis>
Wing.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[219,242,2015,2039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">L.</emphasis>
Terminalia
<emphasis bold="true" box="[364,395,2015,2039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">M.</emphasis>
Paramere.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[509,534,2015,2039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="532">N.</emphasis>
Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7890175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890175/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="533" startId="12.[151,250,1875,1899]" targetBox="[200,1380,195,1834]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1875,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,277,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority=": A. Terminalia" authorityName="A. Terminalia" box="[286,622,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[286,465,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">Lutzomyia dispar</emphasis>
:
<emphasis bold="true" box="[480,505,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">A.</emphasis>
Terminalia
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,699,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">B.</emphasis>
, paramere.
<taxonomicName authority=": C. Terminalia" authorityName="C. Terminalia" box="[823,1179,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[823,1021,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
:
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1037,1062,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">C.</emphasis>
Terminalia
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1233,1257,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">D.</emphasis>
paramere (in the drawing of the genitalia of the male of
<taxonomicName box="[564,762,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[564,762,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a single structure is represented, since in the specimen used for description, the structure was dissected).
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[563,743,1947,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[563,743,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[748,833,1947,1971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[748,804,1947,1971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
E.
</emphasis>
Terminalia and
<emphasis bold="true" box="[994,1013,1947,1971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="533">F.</emphasis>
paramere. (da: digitiform apex; svm: spur on the ventral margin; *setae turned towards the gonocoxite; rows setae of paramere) (Bars: 100 µm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" startId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" targetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,1965,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,1965,1989]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN):
<emphasis bold="true" box="[945,963,1965,1989]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName box="[977,1155,1965,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[977,1155,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Lutzomyia dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1169,1186,1966,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName box="[1200,1397,1966,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[1200,1397,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1412,1430,1965,1989]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">C</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,331,2001,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[151,331,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[336,392,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[336,392,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Spermatechae:
<emphasis bold="true" box="[552,576,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[581,757,2001,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[581,757,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Lutzomyia dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[769,786,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">E</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName box="[797,992,2002,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[797,992,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Lutzomyia fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1004,1019,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[1031,1211,2001,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[1031,1211,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1216,1272,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1216,1272,2002,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Bars: 100 µm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis box="[199,420,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-06" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Le Pont" country="Bolivia" county="Calvario cave" latitude="-19.068335" location="Chiquitos Province" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.352222" municipality="Robore" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
<collectingCountry box="[427,545,151,177]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
, 4♁♁,
<collectingCounty box="[625,782,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Calvario cave</collectingCounty>
, municipality of
<collectingMunicipality box="[970,1055,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Robore</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D1361FFB4FF47FF0365E55314:457301A01366FFB4FBFAFF03615B54A0" box="[1066,1281,151,177]" country="Bolivia" county="Calvario cave" latitude="-19.068335" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.352222" municipality="Robore" name="Chiquitos Province" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Chiquitos Province</location>
(
<geoCoordinate box="[1295,1431,151,179]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-17.839445">17º5022″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[151,298,187,215]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-60.886948">60º5313″ W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion box="[317,582,187,213]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
, without collection data, col.
<collectorName box="[910,1000,187,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Le Pont</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[1011,1035,187,213]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">R</collectionCode>
., (FSP-USP-LESP-Phlebotominae);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-06" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Le Pont" country="Bolivia" county="Calvario cave" latitude="-19.068335" location="Chiquitos Province" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.352222" municipality="Robore" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
4♁♁,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D1361FFB4FF47FF0365E55314:457301A01366FFB4FF0CFF74659454E8" box="[220,462,223,251]" country="Bolivia" county="Calvario cave" latitude="-19.068335" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.352222" municipality="Robore" name="Aguas Calientes cave" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Águas Calientes cave</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D1361FFB4FF47FF0365E55314:457301A01366FFB4FE09FF4B66B354E8" box="[473,745,223,249]" country="Bolivia" county="Calvario cave" latitude="-19.068335" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.352222" municipality="Robore" name="German Busch Province" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">German Busch Province</location>
(
<geoCoordinate box="[759,894,223,251]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-19.068335">19º0406″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[905,1051,223,251]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-58.352222">58º2108″ W</geoCoordinate>
), Santa Cruz Department,
<date box="[1344,1432,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" value="2007-06">
<collectingDate box="[1344,1432,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" value="2007-06">vi.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, col.
<collectorName box="[199,290,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Le Pont</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[301,320,259,285]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">R</collectionCode>
(FSP-USP-LESP-Phlebotominae)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="535" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,335,295,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Etymology.</emphasis>
Costa Lima named the species in honour of Doctor Olympio da Fonseca, the first person to capture female specimens of
<taxonomicName box="[386,508,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[386,508,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<date box="[549,657,330,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" value="1925-01-26">26.i.1925</date>
, in the
<taxonomicName authority="de Las Inscriciones" authorityName="de Las Inscriciones" box="[736,1024,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gruta">Gruta de Las Inscriciones</taxonomicName>
, municipality of Carmen,
<collectingRegion country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[297,383,367,393]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="535" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" box="[199,1437,402,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,355,402,428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<collectingRegion box="[199,350,402,428]" name="Distribution" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Distribution</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[359,445,403,429]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[452,734,402,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<collectingRegion box="[452,734,402,429]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Robore, Chiquitos Province; Carmen, German Busch Province.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" box="[199,1383,438,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,449,438,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Medical importance:</emphasis>
no study proves vectorial competence or capacity, or natural infection by parasites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" box="[199,458,474,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,458,474,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Taxonomic discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
Based on the classification of
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[531,673,510,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="133 - 142" refId="ref9189" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (1995) Phylogenetic systematics of Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae) with emphasis on American groups. Boletin de la Direccion de Malariologia y Saneamiento Ambiental, 35, 133 - 142." type="journal article" year="1995">Galati (1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[684,743,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="23 - 51" refId="ref9231" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2003) Classificac &quot; o de Phlebotominae e morfologia, terminologia de adultos e identificac &quot; o dos taxons da America. In: Rangel, E. F. &amp; Lainson, R. (Eds.), Flebotomineos do Brasil. Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 23 - 51." type="book chapter" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[754,814,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref9359" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2018) Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae): classification, morphology and terminology of adults and identification of American taxa. In: Rangel, E. F. &amp; Shaw, J. J. (Eds.), Brazilian Sand flies. Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp. 09 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 75544 - 1 _ 2" type="book" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
), the new species presents characters consistent with the genus and subgenus
<emphasis box="[381,562,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName box="[381,498,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Lutzomyia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[504,562,547,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, such as, palpomere V much longer than palpomere III and absence of setae in the anterior region of the katepisternum in both sexes. In the males, the gonostylus has 4 well-developed spines, with the lower external more basal than the internal and the dorsal margin of the paramere having two or more setae with hook-shaped apex. The females present spermathecae segmented and cibarium with complete sclerotized arch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
The males of
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[360,563,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[360,563,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[573,639,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[573,639,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
have some morphological characters close to males of
<taxonomicName box="[1282,1387,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[1282,1387,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[151,275,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[151,275,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and these separate them from the other 19 species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName box="[1051,1168,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1051,1168,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as: parallel labial sutures not forked (
<figureCitation box="[367,453,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Figs 2a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[464,490,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">4a</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[544,571,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[201,1386,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male of Lutzomyia fonsecai. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890171/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">6a</figureCitation>
) and paramere with digitiform apex preceded by a spur on the ventral margin (
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[159,298,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref9359" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2018) Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae): classification, morphology and terminology of adults and identification of American taxa. In: Rangel, E. F. &amp; Shaw, J. J. (Eds.), Brazilian Sand flies. Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp. 09 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 75544 - 1 _ 2" type="book" year="2018">Galati 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The male of
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[464,665,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[464,665,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[674,738,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[674,738,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is bigger than the other two species. The distinction between them is made based on the parameres: (i) in the males of
<taxonomicName box="[796,898,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[796,898,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[913,1079,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[200,1380,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[191,1397,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lutzomyia dispar: A. Terminalia and B., paramere. Lutzomyia fonsecai: C. Terminalia and D. paramere (in the drawing of the genitalia of the male of Lutzomyia fonsecai, a single structure is represented, since in the specimen used for description, the structure was dissected). Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. E. Terminalia and F. paramere. (da: digitiform apex; svm: spur on the ventral margin; *setae turned towards the gonocoxite; rows setae of paramere) (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890175/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Figs 8A and B</figureCitation>
), the tubercule where the hook-shaped setae are implanted presents a height equivalent to 2.6 of its width, the area of the preapical spur is covered with a few short setae and the dorsal margin of the paramere immediately after the tubercule is concave, with 23 straight setae and turned towards the gonocoxite; (ii) in the males of
<taxonomicName box="[925,1048,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[925,1048,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[1064,1232,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[200,1380,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[191,1397,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lutzomyia dispar: A. Terminalia and B., paramere. Lutzomyia fonsecai: C. Terminalia and D. paramere (in the drawing of the genitalia of the male of Lutzomyia fonsecai, a single structure is represented, since in the specimen used for description, the structure was dissected). Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. E. Terminalia and F. paramere. (da: digitiform apex; svm: spur on the ventral margin; *setae turned towards the gonocoxite; rows setae of paramere) (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890175/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Figs 8C and D</figureCitation>
), the height of the tubercule does not extend beyond double its width, the area of the preapical spur is covered with a row of long setae and the dorsal margin of the paramere immediately after the tubercule is convex, with 67 straight setae and turned towards the gonocoxite; (iii) the parameres of the males of
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[885,1084,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[885,1084,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1090,1153,1051,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1090,1153,1051,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[1167,1324,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[200,1380,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[191,1397,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lutzomyia dispar: A. Terminalia and B., paramere. Lutzomyia fonsecai: C. Terminalia and D. paramere (in the drawing of the genitalia of the male of Lutzomyia fonsecai, a single structure is represented, since in the specimen used for description, the structure was dissected). Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. E. Terminalia and F. paramere. (da: digitiform apex; svm: spur on the ventral margin; *setae turned towards the gonocoxite; rows setae of paramere) (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890175/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Figs 8E and F</figureCitation>
) are more similar to those of the males of
<taxonomicName box="[502,624,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[502,624,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, since they have the dorsal margin of the paramere immediately after the tubercule straight or slightly convex, with 56 straight setae, but they differ in relation to the covering of the setae in the area of the preapical spur. In
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[558,759,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[558,759,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[767,832,1159,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[767,832,1159,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
there are rows of short and long setae, whereas in
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">L. fonsecai</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
there are only long setae. The dorsal margin of the paramere tapers off brusquely in its median region in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
when compared to
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[466,666,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[466,666,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[673,736,1231,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[673,736,1231,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, giving the former a more pointed aspect and the latter a more robust aspect. In addition, the
<emphasis box="[491,547,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">delta</emphasis>
wing differs in these two species, being bigger than 100 µm in
<taxonomicName box="[1265,1388,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[1265,1388,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and smaller than 90 µm in the new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
As in males, in females of
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[511,712,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[511,712,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[722,787,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[722,787,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, the labial sutures do not form a fork, a character which makes this species close to the females of
<taxonomicName box="[616,717,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[616,717,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[769,890,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[769,890,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and distinguishes them from the other 19 species of the subgenus
<emphasis box="[335,518,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName box="[335,452,1411,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Lutzomyia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[459,518,1411,1436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Galati, E. A. B." box="[533,671,1411,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref9359" refString="Galati, E. A. B. (2018) Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae): classification, morphology and terminology of adults and identification of American taxa. In: Rangel, E. F. &amp; Shaw, J. J. (Eds.), Brazilian Sand flies. Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp. 09 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 75544 - 1 _ 2" type="book" year="2018">Galati 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The difference between the females of
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[1128,1328,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[1128,1328,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1336,1400,1411,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1336,1400,1411,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[301,404,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[301,404,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the distribution of Newsteads sensillae in the palpus, present in palpomeres II, III and IV in
<taxonomicName box="[217,319,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis box="[217,319,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[334,425,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[176,1411,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN): A. Lutzomyia dispar. B. Lutzomyia fonsecai. C. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. Spermatechae: D. Lutzomyia dispar. E. Lutzomyia fonsecai. F. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
), and only in palpomere III in
<taxonomicName box="[770,893,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[770,893,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[949,1149,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[949,1149,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1157,1221,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1157,1221,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[1236,1362,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[176,1411,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN): A. Lutzomyia dispar. B. Lutzomyia fonsecai. C. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. Spermatechae: D. Lutzomyia dispar. E. Lutzomyia fonsecai. F. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Figs 9B, C</figureCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the Newstead s sensillae are found dispersed in palpomere III, while in the other two these sensory structures are concentrated in the median region of the article. None difference was observed between the spermathecae of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[238,325,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[176,1411,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN): A. Lutzomyia dispar. B. Lutzomyia fonsecai. C. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. Spermatechae: D. Lutzomyia dispar. E. Lutzomyia fonsecai. F. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName box="[387,509,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[387,509,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[524,609,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[176,1411,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN): A. Lutzomyia dispar. B. Lutzomyia fonsecai. C. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. Spermatechae: D. Lutzomyia dispar. E. Lutzomyia fonsecai. F. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
). The difference in the females of
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[991,1190,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[991,1190,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1197,1260,1591,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1197,1260,1591,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName box="[1314,1436,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[1314,1436,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on the length of the common and individual ducts:
<taxonomicName box="[834,957,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis box="[834,957,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[974,1061,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[176,1411,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN): A. Lutzomyia dispar. B. Lutzomyia fonsecai. C. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. Spermatechae: D. Lutzomyia dispar. E. Lutzomyia fonsecai. F. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
) common duct 612 µm (n = 2), individual ducts 119128 µm (n = 2);
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[574,773,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[574,773,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[780,843,1663,1689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[780,843,1663,1689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[857,939,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[176,1394,181,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[176,1411,181,1941]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Palpomeres (P) PII, PIII and PIV and Newsteads sensilla (sN): A. Lutzomyia dispar. B. Lutzomyia fonsecai. C. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. Spermatechae: D. Lutzomyia dispar. E. Lutzomyia fonsecai. F. Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890177/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
) common duct 1823 µm (n = 3), individual ducts 136165 µm (n = 8), respectively. Furthermore, these
<specimenCount box="[840,978,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
can be distinguished by the
<emphasis box="[1308,1364,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">delta</emphasis>
wing, being less than or equal to 151 µm in
<taxonomicName authority="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade, 2023" authorityName="Chaves Júnior &amp; Lima &amp; Mendonça &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[589,696,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[589,696,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[705,770,1735,1761]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[705,770,1735,1761]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(49151, n = 8) and greater than 198 µm in females of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fonsecai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">L. fonsecai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(198201, n = 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
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<mods:title id="588FA742C64C2A6E27AFAC88DB36B970">Description of a new species of the genus Lutzomyia França, 1924 (Diptera: Phlebotominae) and of the male of Lutzomyia fonsecai (Costa Lima, 1932)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F336554DD301F3E1BA861DD09753C6FA">Chaves Júnior, Salvador P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E95D1D3C50CB5BC1115163F0536E5A32">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1EAC6EAA89BFB3013345CDEDDEAA244E">Lima, Guilherme C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="32F4337A3E5B7477227DE9A5AE86C222" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0095-0159</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D8B0D05900D6F80B6DEEA0BE73EAC961">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil guiceciliolima @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0095 - 0159</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9F3B923D8DF15FD403EBF1F5AAB15827" type="email">guiceciliolima@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DFCDB78FC67A80449AF5FDC33EE20810" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A27A4B90C0F28769F4EEE9FD5EC7DFCD">
<mods:roleTerm id="8FF3CADEC569C95FACCE4C47022DF1B8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6E1503D9F677516DAAF6A1D504AF937B">Mendonça, Rafael P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A3796710324B9A6CFE7EF03EBD49D213" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0095-0159</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C491A5104739BC668433A84D51A324BB">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil guiceciliolima @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0095 - 0159</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3B10082AEF4C7098760F490E9FB8687C" type="email">guiceciliolima@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AEA7720C26B0883FB85F0E9F7CEBDD7F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F44A464C5907D5DC7BF22D653596365F">
<mods:roleTerm id="EF8CD43091FC13D496F1B7B6AC9FC909">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FFD1036355A806A2C845512736BF97EC">Andrade, Andrey J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="495120600590F3F2F3B03FFD51653995">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil &amp; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="5D5EED3AAD4816D024A84290694EE841">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8129C54D0C2BDC21CF5FC0D244F77532">
<mods:date id="7394A8AA0CA3282BE4BDD801F2AE5650">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="42F486F2D72C9703CDE31966DF48D4CC" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="244760F5355F3B71A89ECEAB6E3E0D73">2023-05-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C8A08DC0485304EF1411E278C57D01FD">5277</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9DF251F9EDBBC76560E0D40D666443D3">3</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C805E66D136BFFBEFF47FDD366BD53C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890159" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581092" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7890159" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D136BFFBEFF47FDD366BD53C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C805E66D136BFFBEFF47FDD366BD53C7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
<subSubSection id="08B604F0136BFFB9FF47FDD367845670" box="[151,990,582,609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFB9FF47FDD367845670" blockId="3.[151,990,582,645]" box="[151,990,582,609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
<heading id="1B5BE017136BFFB9FF47FDD367845670" bold="true" box="[151,990,582,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FF47FDD367845670" bold="true" box="[151,990,582,609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
<taxonomicName id="87AC2CF8136BFFB9FF47FDD367CF5671" ID-CoL="BDMTV" authority="Chaves Junior, Lima, Paranhos &amp; Andrade" authorityName="Chaves Junior, Lima, Paranhos &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,917,582,609]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FF47FDD365355670" bold="true" box="[151,367,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Lutzomyia itambe</emphasis>
Chaves Júnior, Lima, Paranhos &amp; Andrade
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="69EB3612136BFFB9FC4CFDD367845670" box="[924,990,583,609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B604F0136BFFB9FF47FDFF65515694" box="[151,267,618,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" type="description">
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFB9FF47FDFF65515694" blockId="3.[151,990,582,645]" box="[151,267,618,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FF4FFDFF65595694" box="[159,259,618,645]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox-0="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetBox-1="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetBox-3="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetId-3="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." captionText-1="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 25</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B604F0136BFFBEFF47FD2665C8537B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFB9FF47FD2666715790" blockId="3.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FF47FD26654856DD" bold="true" box="[151,274,690,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Both sexes: Parallel labial sutures not forked. Male: gonostyle with an apical spine and lacking preapical spiniform seta; paramere with a protuberance on the ventral margin before the digitiform apex; dorsal margin of the paramere convex, with 56 straight setae, and tapering abruptly in its median region; area of the preapical spur covered by short and long setae;
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FDD0FC8B66625728" box="[512,568,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">delta</emphasis>
between 120160 µm. Female: absence of Newstead`s sensillae on the 2
<superScript id="B7D9FA33136BFFB9FA8EFC8A6134573D" attach="left" box="[1374,1390,798,812]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">nd</superScript>
and 4
<superScript id="B7D9FA33136BFFB9FF75FCD664E85741" attach="left" box="[165,178,834,848]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">th</superScript>
palpal segments; common duct between 1825 µm in length; individual ducts between 135165 µm in length; in the wing
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FF2FFCF3656D5790" box="[255,311,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">delta</emphasis>
between 49151 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFB9FF17FC1F658A518C" blockId="3.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FF17FC1F655E57B4" bold="true" box="[199,260,907,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Male</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F0C45D26136BFFB9FEDDFC1F6596518C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4099091302" collectionCode="LE, FIII, FXIII, FXIV, FXI, FXII, FIX, V, PIII" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FEDDFC1F652157B4" bold="true" box="[269,379,907,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
<typeStatus id="9F17E9D9136BFFB9FEDDFC1F652C57B4" box="[269,374,907,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FE00FC1F667757B4" box="[464,557,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
): 377 (353372, n = 4) length, 310 (307319, n = 4) width; the arrangement of deciduous bristles in the region of the occiput in the form of an`X`; clypeus: 136 (125145, n = 5) length, 93 (8790,
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FF25FC47655957FD" box="[245,259,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">n</emphasis>
= 5) width; eyes: 180 (177185, n = 5) length, 116 (96107, n = 5) width; interocular distance: 99 (104 116, n = 5). Pharynx with striations and absence of teeth (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FCFAFC6367D95000" box="[810,899,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Cibarium without teeth (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FB7FFC6361535000" box="[1199,1289,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Sclerotized arch complete (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FE97FB8F65FA5024" box="[327,416,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Labrum-epipharynx (
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FD76FB8F66945024" box="[678,718,1051,1077]" country="Brazil" name="Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologia" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">LE</collectionCode>
): 234 (223232, n = 5) (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FC35FB8F60665024" box="[997,1084,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Antenna (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FB6EFB8F61605024" box="[1214,1338,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 2CE</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FA97FB8F61CA5024" box="[1351,1424,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">3AK</figureCitation>
): flagellomeres (F) length: FI: 241 (235249, n = 5), FII: 113 (107116, n = 5),
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FBC9FBAB60135048" box="[1049,1097,1087,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FIII</collectionCode>
: 116 (110113, n = 5),
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FA84FBAB61C25048" box="[1364,1432,1087,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXIII</collectionCode>
: 61 (5558, n = 5) and
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FE4EFBF765B8506C" box="[414,482,1123,1149]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXIV</collectionCode>
: 64 (5564, n = 5). Ascoids: short posterior spur, atrophied peduncle; anterior spur long on F1, but does not reach the preapical papilla (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FD2AFB13670F50B0" box="[762,853,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); external ascoids implanted at a more apical level than the internal on FI; presence of a preapical papilla on FI
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FC8CFB3F67DD50D4" box="[860,903,1195,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FIII</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FC48FB3F604C50D4" box="[920,1046,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 2CE</figureCitation>
), papilla absent in FIV
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FAFCFB3F610350D4" box="[1324,1369,1195,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXI</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FABAFB3F648450F8" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 3CH</figureCitation>
), presence of three papillae on
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FDEFFB5B662F50F8" box="[575,629,1231,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXII</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FD7EFB5B66B450F8" box="[686,750,1231,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXIII</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FD2DFB5B67CE50F8" box="[765,916,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 3I and J</figureCitation>
), and 4 papillae on
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FBA4FB5B60EF50F8" box="[1140,1205,1231,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXIV</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FB15FB5B617A50F8" box="[1221,1312,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
); preapical spiniform papilla on
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FE53FB6765E9511C" box="[387,435,1267,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FIX</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FE6FFB6765B6511C" box="[447,492,1267,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXI</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FDF4FB67663E511C" box="[548,612,1267,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXIII</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FDA3FB676775511C" box="[627,815,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 3F, H and J</figureCitation>
); presence of simple setae on FVI
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FB6FFB67615A511C" box="[1215,1280,1267,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">FXIV</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FAC0FB6761CA511C" box="[1296,1424,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 3CK</figureCitation>
). Palpi (P) (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FEDAFA8365D05120" box="[266,394,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Figs 2GK</figureCitation>
) length: palpomere I: 32 (3241, n = 5), palpomere II: 136 (128136, n = 5), palpomere III: 148 (139145, n = 5), palpomere IV: 116 (107121, n = 5) and palpomere
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FC05FAAF67B15144" box="[981,1003,1339,1365]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
: 319 (290325, n = 5); palpal formula: 1.4.2.3.5;
<collectionCode id="26BDCFBE136BFFB9FEDAFACB656C5168" box="[266,310,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">PIII</collectionCode>
with Newsteads sensillae concentrated in the median region of the article (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FB49FACB60B05168" box="[1177,1258,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
). Parallel labial sutures not forked (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FEA1FA176599518C" box="[369,451,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[196,1399,192,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[178,1409,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male holotype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head; a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. Flagellomere III. F. Labrum-epipharynx. G. Palpomere I. H. Palpomere II. I. Palpomere III. J. Palpomere IV. K. Palpomere V. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890163/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFB9FF17FA3360AA51D0" blockId="3.[151,1437,690,2013]" box="[199,1264,1447,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Cervix: ventro-cervical sensilla present. Cervical sclerites bearing a pair of spiniform sensillae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFB9FF17FA5F670A5314" blockId="3.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
Thorax. Mesonotum: 482 (453504, n = 5) length. Pronotum, metanotum and post-notum light brown; paratergites and pleura off-white. Presence of five proepimeral setae; eight upper anepisternal setae; Absence of setae in the anterior region of the katepisternum. Wing (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FCD7F9876705523C" box="[775,863,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 3L</figureCitation>
): 1,831 (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FC10F986605B523C" box="[960,1025,1554,1581]" degrees="1,702" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="1.702">1,702</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FBD1F986600B523C" box="[1025,1105,1554,1581]" degrees="1,795" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="-1.795">1,795</geoCoordinate>
, n = 6) length, 470 (432470, n = 5) width. Veins:
<specimenCode id="100AFF00136BFFB9FEA9F9A365CC5246" box="[377,406,1591,1623]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
R
<subScript id="DC28553E136BFFB9FE5CF9DD65CC5246" attach="left" box="[396,406,1609,1623]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">5</subScript>
</specimenCode>
: 1,165 (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FE3DF9A366775240" box="[493,557,1591,1617]" degrees="1,073" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="1.073">1,073</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FDFDF9A366275240" box="[557,637,1591,1617]" degrees="1,128" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="-1.128">1,128</geoCoordinate>
, n = 6),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FD07F9A367595240" box="[727,771,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">alfa</emphasis>
: 330 (274339, n = 6),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FBDAF9A360605240" box="[1034,1082,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">beta</emphasis>
: 255 (255304, n = 6),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FA92F9A361CE5241" box="[1346,1428,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">gamma</emphasis>
: 304 (243261, n = 6),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FE5EF9CF659C5264" box="[398,454,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">delta</emphasis>
: 58 (2690, n = 6),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FD71F9CF66ED5265" box="[673,695,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">pi</emphasis>
: 124 (131160, n = 5).
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136BFFB9FC6CF9CF67AD5264" box="[956,1015,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Legs</collectorName>
: anterior, median and posterior.
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136BFFB9FA89F9CF61C25264" box="[1369,1432,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Coxa</collectorName>
: 298 (284311, n = 6), 298 (279307, n = 6), 293 (293311,
<emphasis id="72D88B69136BFFB9FCEBF9EB67135289" box="[827,841,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">n</emphasis>
= 6);
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136BFFB9FC5EF9EB67865288" box="[910,988,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Femur</collectorName>
: 730 (671709, n = 4), 708 (664679, n = 3), lost (672774, n = 4);
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136BFFB9FE1AF937665352AC" box="[458,521,1699,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Tibia</collectorName>
: 795 (758795, n = 4), 943 (925943, n = 3), lost (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FBECF936602652AC" box="[1084,1148,1698,1725]" degrees="1,165" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="1.165">1,165</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FBABF936609652AC" box="[1147,1228,1698,1725]" degrees="1,184" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="-1.184">1,184</geoCoordinate>
, n = 3);
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136BFFB9FAF6F93764F952F0" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Tarsomere I</collectorName>
: 460 (445453, n = 4), 532 (526649, n = 3), lost (642649, n = 3);
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136BFFB9FC17F95367A052F0" box="[967,1018,1735,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Sum</collectorName>
of the tarsomeres II+III+IV+V: 599 (584613, n = 4), 657 (650708, n = 3), lost (700723, n = 3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136BFFBEFF17F89B658255C0" blockId="3.[151,1437,690,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">
Abdomen: 1,480 (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FE4AF89A65835338" box="[410,473,1806,1833]" degrees="1,221" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="1.221">1,221</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136BFFB9FE09F89A66715338" box="[473,555,1806,1833]" degrees="1,572" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="524" precision="55" value="-1.572">1,572</geoCoordinate>
, n = 6) length; tergal papillae absent. Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FBB8F89B60965338" box="[1128,1228,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 3M</figureCitation>
): gonocoxite: 261 (246261, n = 6) length, 116 (90122, n = 6) width, with basal tuft of 4 setae, with the apical smaller and thinner than the others; two long, slender setae and one semifoliaceous seta longer than the others, with sickle-shaped tip/ apex; gonostyle: 154 (142150, n = 6) length, without preapical seta and with 4 well-developed spines: one apical, one upper external, one lower external and one internal. Upper external spine implanted in the apical third of the gonostyle and the lower external spine is situated at a more basal level than the inner spine. Paramere (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136BFFB9FAE3F85761CA53CC" box="[1331,1424,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="524">Fig. 3N</figureCitation>
): dorsal margin: 145 (145180, n = 4) length, ventral margin: 136 (136159, n = 4) length; convex dorsal margin, with 4 straight setae; apical extremity of the dorsal margin curved upwards; tubercule of the dorsal margin: upper edge 35 (35, n = 6), lower edge 17 (1430, n = 6), 12 (12, n = 6) width, with three setae with hook-shaped apex; digitiform apex of the paramere: 20 (1726, n = 6) length and 14 (1214, n = 6) width; ventral margin with preapical spur covered by a row of short setae and one of longer setae. Parameral sheath sclerotized and coniform. Epandrial lobe: 299 (284310, n = 6) length, 35 (3238,
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFDBBFEDF66235575" box="[619,633,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">n</emphasis>
= 6) width. Sperm pump (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFC7BFEDF605D5574" box="[939,1031,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 3O</figureCitation>
): 148 (148160, n = 6); ejaculatory apodeme: 119 (116128, n = 6); aedeagal ducts: 377 (377409, n = 6) length and 3 (3, n = 6) width, with bevelshaped apex (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFEFFFE0765DF55BC" box="[303,389,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,194,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE3. Maleholotypeof Lutzomyiaitambesp.n. A. FlagellomereIV.B. FlagellomereV.C.FlagellomereVI.D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Wing. M. Terminalia. N. Paramere. O. Sperm pump and aedeagal ducts. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890165/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 3O</figureCitation>
) and approximately 2.5 times longer than the sperm pump. Cerci: 122 (101150, n = 6) length and 43 (2943, n = 6) width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17FE4E67215021" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFF17FE4E657F55E5" bold="true" box="[199,293,474,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Female.</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFEA8FE4E658955E5" box="[376,467,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
): 391 (377404, n = 7) length, 354 (313362, n = 7) width; arrangement of deciduous bristles in the occiput region forming an “X” shape; clypeus: 139 (122151, n = 7) length, 93 (87101, n = 7) width; eyes: 203 (177206, n = 7) length, 119 (96122, n = 7) width; interocular distance 110 (107133, n = 7). Pharynx with striations and small teeth (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFE29FDD166085671" box="[505,594,581,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Cibarium with 4 well-developed posterior teeth, two internal, pointing to the pharynx, two lateral inclined outwards, and 1516 small, anterior teeth arranged in an undulating transverse row (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFF4FFD1964A256B6" box="[159,248,653,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
); sclerotized arch complete (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFDE9FD1966CB56B6" box="[569,657,653,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Labrum-epipharynx (LE) (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFC1FFD19607F56B6" box="[975,1061,653,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
): 310 (261287, n = 7); mandible as shown (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFEC5FD25652956DA" box="[277,371,689,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
). Apical region of the hypopharynx with 1415 serrated teeth (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFB84FD2560E856DA" box="[1108,1202,689,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
). Lacinia of maxilla with 25 internal teeth and 5 external teeth (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFDA9FD40669256FE" box="[633,712,724,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
). Antenna (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFC99FD40679E56FE" box="[841,964,724,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 4CE</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFC00FD40604356FE" box="[976,1049,724,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">5AK</figureCitation>
): flagellomeres (F) length: FI: 241 (203235, n = 6), FII: 110 (99104, n = 6), FIII: 107 (99107, n = 6), FXIII: 61 (5564, n =6) and FXIV: 61 (5564, n =6). Ascoids: short posterior spur, atrophied peduncle; anterior spur is long on FI, but does not reach the level of the preapical papilla (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFE5AFCD465BE574B" box="[394,484,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
); insertion of the ascoids on FI is variable; presence of a preapical papilla on FIFIII (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFF4FFCF76546576F" box="[159,284,867,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 4CE</figureCitation>
), papillae absent on FIVFXI (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFDABFCF766A7576F" box="[635,765,867,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 5AH</figureCitation>
), presence of three papillae on FXII and FXIII (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFACBFCF764FE57B0" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 5I and J</figureCitation>
), and four on FXIV (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFE43FC1365B457B3" box="[403,494,903,930]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
); preapical spiniform papilla on FIX, FXI and FXIII (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFB9AFC13615F57B0" box="[1098,1285,903,930]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 5F, H and J</figureCitation>
); presence of simple setae on FIVFXIV (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFE08FC3F660057D7" box="[472,602,939,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 5AK</figureCitation>
). Palpi (P) (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFD30FC3F670D57D7" box="[736,855,939,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Figs 5LP</figureCitation>
) length: palpomere I: 46 (3543, n = 7), palpomere II: 159 (139159, n = 7), palpomere III: 165 (154162, n = 7), palpomere IV: 130 (93133, n = 7) and palpomere V: 348 (310385, n = 7); palpal formula: 1.4.2.3.5.; PIII with Newsteads sensillae concentrated in the median region in the article (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFEE2FB8265D75020" box="[306,397,1046,1073]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 5N</figureCitation>
). Parallel labial sutures not forked (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFCCCFB8267345021" box="[796,878,1046,1072]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[206,1378,202,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[195,1391,181,1934]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Head. a. Labium. B. Pharynx and cibarium. C. Flagellomere I. D. Flagellomere II. E. FlagellomereIII.F. Labrum-epipharynx.G. Hypopharynx.H.Mandible.I. Laciniaof maxilla.(Bars:100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17FBAE60AA5045" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" box="[199,1264,1082,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Cervix: ventro-cervical sensilla present. Cervical sclerites bearing a pair of spiniform sensillae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17FBCA66825188" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
Thorax: mesonotum: 584 (555584, n = 6) length. Pronotum, metanotum and post-notum light brown; paratergites and pleura off-white. Presence of three proepimeral setae; eight upper anepisternal setae. Absence of setae in the anterior region of the katepisternum. Wing (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFCD6FB32673A50D0" box="[774,864,1190,1217]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 5Q</figureCitation>
): 2,164 (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFC11FB32605A50D1" box="[961,1024,1190,1216]" degrees="1,868" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="55" value="1.868">1,868</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFBD0FB32600850D1" box="[1024,1106,1190,1216]" degrees="2,109" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="55" value="-2.109">2,109</geoCoordinate>
, n = 6) length, 591 (526577, n = 6) width. Veins: R
<subScript id="DC28553E136CFFBEFE5BFB4865C950FB" attach="left" box="[395,403,1244,1258]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">5</subScript>
: 1,332 (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFE3FFB5E666A50F4" box="[495,560,1226,1253]" degrees="1,184" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="55" value="1.184">1,184</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFDE0FB5E662550F4" box="[560,639,1226,1253]" degrees="1,295" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="55" value="-1.295">1,295</geoCoordinate>
, n = 6),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFD09FB5E675F50F5" box="[729,773,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">alfa</emphasis>
: 414 (335446, n = 7),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFBDBFB5E606150F5" box="[1035,1083,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">beta</emphasis>
: 335 (270339, n = 7),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFA92FB5F61CE50F5" box="[1346,1428,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">gamma</emphasis>
: 316 (284307, n = 7),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFE5BFB7A65995119" box="[395,451,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">delta</emphasis>
: 84 (49151, n = 7),
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFD79FB7B66E55119" box="[681,703,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">pi</emphasis>
: 161 (117182, n = 6). Legs: anterior, median and posterior. Coxa: 330 (279339, n = 7), 335 (288330, n = 7), 344 (293330, n = 7); Femur: 777 (684795, n = 7), 740 (647740, n = 6), 851 (684851, n = 5); Tibia: 832 (721832, n = 7), 999 (795980, n = 6), 1.276 (8321.239, n = 5); Tarsomere I: 482 (409467, n = 7), 569 (445532, n = 6), 693 (481671, n = 5); Sum of tarsomeres II+III+IV+V: 664 (584650, n = 7), 686 (606664, n = 5), 759 (606752, n = 5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17FA366640527E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
Abdomen: 1,554 (
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFE44FA36658E51AC" box="[404,468,1442,1469]" degrees="1,295" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="55" value="1.295">1,295</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFE04FA36667E51AC" box="[468,548,1442,1469]" degrees="1,682" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="55" value="-1.682">1,682</geoCoordinate>
, n = 7) length. Spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFC50FA36678051AC" box="[896,986,1442,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 5R</figureCitation>
): body of spermathecae ringed, 20 (17 26, n = 7) in length, 14 (1417, n = 7) in width, with subspherical apical ring; junction between the body of the spermathecae and the individual duct marked by a slight constriction; common duct of the spermathecae: 17 (2023, n = 2) in length, 9 (1214, n = 2) in width; individual ducts: 142 (136165, n = 7) in length, 6 (6, n = 7) in width; common and individual sperm ducts are membranous with smooth walls (
<figureCitation id="D8974BFE136CFFBEFC08F9A6606B525C" box="[984,1073,1586,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[164,1417,193,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[149,1439,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Female paratype of Lutzomyia itambe sp. n. A. Flagellomere IV. B. Flagellomere V. C. Flagellomere VI. D. Flagellomere VII. E. Flagellomere VIII. F. Flagellomere IX. G. Flagellomere X. H. Flagellomere XI. I. Flagellomere XII. J. Flagellomere XIII. K. Flagellomere XIV. L. Palpomere I. M. Palpomere II. N. Palpomere III. O. Palpomere IV. P. Palpomere V. Q. Wing. R. Common, individual ducts and spermathecae. (Bars: 100 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7890169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Fig. 5R</figureCitation>
). Cerci: 139 (116136, n = 7) in length, 61 (3546, n = 7) in width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17F9ED608652A9" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFF17F9ED65FA5282" box="[199,416,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="F0C45D26136CFFBEFE63F9ED608652A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4099091305" collectingDate="2021-04-01" collectorName="Lima, G. C." country="Brazil" county="Paulo" latitude="-21.06889" location="Gruta do Itambe" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.4375" municipality="Altinopolis" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFE63F9ED66405282" box="[435,538,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<typeStatus id="9F17E9D9136CFFBEFE63F9ED66405282" box="[435,538,1657,1683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, ♁,
<collectingCountry id="38BB17EB136CFFBEFD83F9EE66E75285" box="[595,701,1658,1684]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="457301A0136CFFBEFD1CF9ED67D65282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D136BFFBEFF47FDD366BD53C7:457301A0136CFFBEFD1CF9ED67D65282" box="[716,908,1657,1683]" country="Brazil" county="Paulo" latitude="-21.06889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.4375" municipality="Altinopolis" name="Gruta do Itambe" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Gruta do Itambé</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFC4FF9EF60765282" box="[927,1068,1657,1686]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-21.06889">21º0408″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFBEDF9EF608E5282" box="[1085,1236,1657,1686]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-47.4375">47º2615″ W</geoCoordinate>
), municipality of
<collectingMunicipality id="A077CD01136CFFBEFF47F909654252A6" box="[151,280,1693,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Altinópolis</collectingMunicipality>
, state of S„o
<collectingCounty id="A9722FF7136CFFBEFE7DF90965AA52A6" box="[429,496,1693,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Paulo</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFE2BF909662952A6" box="[507,627,1693,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFE2BF909662952A6" box="[507,627,1693,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">01.iv.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, col.
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136CFFBEFD7FF909676E52A6" box="[687,820,1693,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Lima, G. C.</collectorName>
&amp; Paranhos, trap CDC, aphotic zone.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17F95665C8537B" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<materialsCitation id="F0C45D26136CFFBEFF17F95665D7537B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4099091303" collectingDate="2021-03-30" collectingDateMax="2021-06-03" collectingDateMin="2021-03-30" collectorName="Lima, G. C." country="Brazil" county="Gruta do Itambe" latitude="-21.06889" location="Paranhos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.4375" municipality="Altinopolis" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-female="16" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFF17F956656352CA" box="[199,313,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<typeStatus id="9F17E9D9136CFFBEFF17F956656352CA" box="[199,313,1730,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="38BB17EB136CFFBEFE9AF95565E852CA" box="[330,434,1729,1755]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
, 6♁♁,
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFDD7F955661A52CA" box="[519,576,1729,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">8♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCounty id="A9722FF7136CFFBEFD80F955675652CA" box="[592,780,1729,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Gruta do Itambé</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFCCDF95667FD52CA" box="[797,935,1729,1757]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-21.06889">21º0408″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="259831BC136CFFBEFC66F956601152CA" box="[950,1099,1729,1757]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-47.4375">47º2615″ W</geoCoordinate>
), municipality of
<collectingMunicipality id="A077CD01136CFFBEFAC7F95561C252CA" box="[1303,1432,1729,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Altinópolis</collectingMunicipality>
, state of
<collectingRegion id="82689999136CFFBEFF24F971653052EF" box="[244,362,1764,1791]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFEA7F970661652EF" box="[375,588,1764,1791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-30" valueMax="2021-06-03" valueMin="2021-03-30">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFEA7F970661652EF" box="[375,588,1764,1791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-30" valueMax="2021-06-03" valueMin="2021-03-30">30.iii. to 3.vi.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, col.
<collectorName id="ED5932AD136CFFBEFD5DF970674C52EE" box="[653,790,1764,1791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Lima, G. C.</collectorName>
&amp;
<location id="457301A0136CFFBEFCEEF97067F252EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C805E66D136BFFBEFF47FDD366BD53C7:457301A0136CFFBEFCEEF97067F252EF" box="[830,936,1764,1790]" country="Brazil" county="Gruta do Itambe" latitude="-21.06889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-47.4375" municipality="Altinopolis" name="Paranhos" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Paranhos</location>
, trap CDC, photic zone (3♁♁:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFAC3F97061D552EF" box="[1299,1423,1764,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-31">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFAC3F97061D552EF" box="[1299,1423,1764,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-31">31.iii.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
), disphotic zone (
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFE81F89C652E5333" box="[337,372,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFE52F89C65A45333" box="[386,510,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-31">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFE52F89C65A45333" box="[386,510,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-31">31.iii.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFDDCF89C666B5333" box="[524,561,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFD90F89C66E35333" box="[576,697,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFD90F89C66E35333" box="[576,697,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">01.iv.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFD17F89C66B15333" box="[711,747,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFD2AF89C672F5333" box="[762,885,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-06-02">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFD2AF89C672F5333" box="[762,885,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-06-02">02.vi.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFC53F89C67F25333" box="[899,936,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFC67F89C60685333" box="[951,1074,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-06-03">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFC67F89C60685333" box="[951,1074,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-06-03">03.vi.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
), aphotic zone (1♁:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFACEF89C61CD5333" box="[1310,1431,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFACEF89C61CD5333" box="[1310,1431,1800,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">01.iv.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
; 1♁:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFF18F8B865625357" box="[200,312,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-05-11">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFF18F8B865625357" box="[200,312,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-05-11">11.v.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
; 1♁.
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFE8FF8BA65BB5358" box="[351,481,1838,1865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-06-01">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFE8FF8BA65BB5358" box="[351,481,1838,1865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-06-01">01.vi.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFE22F8B866775357" box="[498,557,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFDE7F8B866EE5357" box="[567,692,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-30">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFDE7F8B866EE5357" box="[567,692,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-03-30">30.iii.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="56AA9CF2136CFFBEFD6EF8B866A35357" box="[702,761,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
:
<date id="341271BB136CFFBEFCD3F8B867245357" box="[771,894,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">
<collectingDate id="24568853136CFFBEFCD3F8B867245357" box="[771,894,1836,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" value="2021-04-01">01.iv.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
). The material will be deposited in the FSP-USPLESP-Phlebotominae
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B604F0136CFFBEFF17F8E0616153A3" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17F8E0616153A3" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFF17F8E06508539F" bold="true" box="[199,338,1908,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Etymology:</emphasis>
the specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="87AC2CF8136CFFBEFDE7F8E066D9539F" authorityName="Chaves Junior, Lima, Paranhos &amp; Andrade" authorityYear="2023" box="[567,643,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="itambe">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFDE7F8E066D9539F" box="[567,643,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">itambe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, derives from the type-locality where the specimens were collected at Gruta do Itambé, municipality of Altinópolis, state of S„o Paulo,
<collectingCountry id="38BB17EB136CFFBEFCA1F80C67E353A3" box="[881,953,1944,1970]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The epithet is noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B604F0136CFFBEFF17F82866BD53C7" box="[199,743,1980,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4013577B136CFFBEFF17F82866BD53C7" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2007]" box="[199,743,1980,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFF17F828653953C7" bold="true" box="[199,355,1980,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<collectingRegion id="82689999136CFFBEFF17F828650453C7" box="[199,350,1980,2006]" name="Distribution" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">Distribution</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="38BB17EB136CFFBEFEBAF828658953C7" box="[362,467,1980,2006]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="72D88B69136CFFBEFE0DF828660953C7" bold="true" box="[477,595,1980,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">
<collectingRegion id="82689999136CFFBEFE0DF828660953C7" box="[477,595,1980,2006]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="525">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Altinópolis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5823c6c8-5310-4953-af11-875aa0d7883e" ID-PMC="PMC7642131" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-980-119" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6" ID-PubMed="33192141" ID-ZooBank="7EFBE806533A4C119810262270E91835" ModsDocID="1313-2970-980-119" checkinTime="1603925100743" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Burckhardt, Daniel, Cort, Giulia Dalle &amp; Queiroz, Dalva Luiz de" docDate="2020" docId="C8061D20FBFB5A7086AECD1FAF8AC844" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 980: 119-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 980" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807" docTitle="Aphalara Burckhardt &amp; Cort &amp; Queiroz 2020, spp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6" lastPageNumber="119" masterDocId="3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6" masterDocTitle="Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1668169657862" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Burckhardt, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-5268</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">daniel.burckhardt@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cort, Giulia Dalle</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Queiroz, Dalva Luiz de</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>980</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7EFBE806533A4C119810262270E91835</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168653276" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C8061D20FBFB5A7086AECD1FAF8AC844" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8061D20FBFB5A7086AECD1FAF8AC844" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1987.tb01568.x" author="Burckhardt, D" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="299 - 392" refId="B2" refString="Burckhardt, D, 1987. Jumping plant lice (Homoptera: Psylloidea) of the temperate Neotropical region: Part 1. Psyllidae (subfamilies Aphalarinae, Rhinocolinae and Aphalaroidinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 89: 299 - 392, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1987.tb01568.x" title="Jumping plant lice (Homoptera: Psylloidea) of the temperate Neotropical region: Part 1. Psyllidae (subfamilies Aphalarinae, Rhinocolinae and Aphalaroidinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1987.tb01568.x" volume="89" year="1987">Burckhardt (1987)</bibRefCitation>
reported a single female from Argentina (Tucuman) suggesting that it may be introduced from North America. Whether this specimen belongs to
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sp. nov. cannot be checked as it appears to be lost (T. Vasarhelyi, pers. comm.).
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/156853988X00241" author="Brown, RG" journalOrPublisher="Brill, Scandinavian Science Press, Leiden-New York-Kobenhavn-Koeln" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" refId="B1" refString="Brown, RG, Hodkinson, ID, 1988. Taxonomy and Ecology of the Jumping Plant-lice of Panama (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Entomonograph 9. E.J. Brill, Scandinavian Science Press, Leiden-New York-Kobenhavn-Koeln, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/156853988X00241" title="Taxonomy and Ecology of the Jumping Plant-lice of Panama (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Entomonograph 9. E. J." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156853988X00241" year="1988">Brown and Hodkinson (1988)</bibRefCitation>
recorded a female in poor condition from Panama (Canal Zone, Herbert Osborn Collection) (USNM, slide mounted) that they questionably referred to
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. As the specimen is in poor condition, its identity cannot be determined.
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Kieffer, 1899
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Added by
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C0AFFE4FF25FE3EFB2D6FF9" blockId="33.[189,1165,442,469]" box="[189,1165,442,469]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0AFFE4FF25FE3EFCCB6FF9" ID-CoL="9H5FS" authority="Kiel, Fernando, Magtoto &amp; Kase, 2022" authorityName="Kiel, Fernando, Magtoto &amp; Kase" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,875,442,469]" class="Bivalvia" genus="Sisonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frijellanae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FF25FE3EFE356FF9" box="[189,405,442,469]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Sisonia frijellanae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C0AFFE4FE04FE3FFCCB6FF9" author="Kiel S. &amp; Fernando A. G. &amp; Magtoto C. Y. &amp; Kase T." box="[412,875,442,469]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" pagination="917 - 947" refId="ref18734" refString="Kiel S., Fernando A. G., Magtoto C. Y. &amp; Kase T. 2022. Mollusks from Miocene hydrocarbon-seep deposits in the Ilocos-Central Luzon Basin, Luzon Island, Philippines. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 67: 917 - 947. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00977.2022" type="journal article" year="2022">Kiel, Fernando, Magtoto &amp; Kase, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
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<mods:title id="37D892DDB8BA13EE449E363E2E2A45D2">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14D6ADFF7A5A3314492C30C7B323200D">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0AEE5EBBFD60CF4B48FA84BAD907A01">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C0AFFE4FD15FE79FC076C3B" box="[653,935,507,534]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C0AFFE4FD15FE79FC076C3B" blockId="33.[376,1212,507,604]" box="[653,935,507,534]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">
<heading id="1B5881D19C0AFFE4FD15FE79FC076C3B" box="[653,935,507,534]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0AFFE4FD15FE79FC036C3B" ID-CoL="9H4FM" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[653,931,507,534]" class="Bivalvia" genus="Sisonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ultimoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FD15FE79FCE46C3B" bold="true" box="[653,836,507,534]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Sisonia ultimoi</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C0AFFE4FCD4FE79FC076C3B" box="[844,935,508,534]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C0AFFE4FD68FDC7FCE36C71" blockId="33.[376,1212,507,604]" box="[752,835,578,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C0AFFE4FD68FDC7FCE36C71" box="[752,835,578,604]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,818,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-71@33.[189,1398,818,1676]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 13. The bivalve Sisonia ultimoi sp. nov. from the Middle Miocene Ca Cavalmagra seep deposit in northern Italy. A. Left valve (MSF 1280). B. Small right valve (MSF 1265). C. Left valve (MSF 2372). D. Large right valve with severe shell injury (MSF 1278). E. Right valve (MSF 1281). FG. Articulated specimen with broken posterior end (MSF 2367). HI. Holotype (MGGC 22330), articulated specimen showing outline of shell. JK. Paratype, articulated specimen with deformed posterior side, showing the regular commarginal ornament; this specimen preserves the most realistic inflation of all available specimens (MSF 2368). LM. Articulated specimen (MSF 2369). NO. Articulated specimen showing fine internal striation (MSF 2370). PQ. Deformed specimen showing the regular commarginal ornament (MSF 2371)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350749/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C0AFFE4FF25FD06FE966CB0" blockId="33.[189,310,643,669]" box="[189,310,643,669]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">
<heading id="1B5881D19C0AFFE4FF25FD06FE966CB0" bold="true" box="[189,310,643,669]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FF25FD06FE966CB0" bold="true" box="[189,310,643,669]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C0AFFE4FF25FD37FAA36CC2" blockId="33.[189,1399,690,752]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Shell small for genus; only moderately inflated; posterior ridge present but not very distinct, centralposterior sulcus weakly developed; umbones in anterior third; regular, fine commarginal ribs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C0AFFE4FF25F931FEF269C5" blockId="33.[187,1401,1716,2024]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FF25F931FEBA68E3" bold="true" box="[189,282,1716,1742]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
The bivalve
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0AFFE4FE2BF930FDC568E3" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[435,613,1716,1743]" class="Bivalvia" genus="Sisonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ultimoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FE2BF930FDC568E3" box="[435,613,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">Sisonia ultimoi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C0AFFE4FDF4F930FD6768E2" box="[620,711,1717,1743]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the Middle Miocene Ca Cavalmagra seep deposit in northern Italy.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FEF2F952FEDF68DC" bold="true" box="[362,383,1751,1777]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">A</emphasis>
. Left valve (MSF 1280).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FD33F95DFD1F68DF" bold="true" box="[683,703,1752,1778]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">B</emphasis>
. Small right valve (MSF 1265).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FBA5F952FBF268DC" bold="true" box="[1085,1106,1751,1777]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">C</emphasis>
. Left valve (MSF 2372).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FF25F97EFF726938" bold="true" box="[189,210,1787,1813]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">D</emphasis>
. Large right valve with severe shell injury (MSF 1278).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FCF9F97EFCD56938" bold="true" box="[865,885,1787,1813]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">E</emphasis>
. Right valve (MSF 1281).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FB35F97FFB446939" bold="true" box="[1197,1252,1786,1812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">FG</emphasis>
. Articulated specimen with broken posterior end (MSF 2367).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FC9EF89BFC976915" bold="true" box="[774,823,1822,1848]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">HI</emphasis>
. Holotype (MGGC 22330), articulated specimen showing outline of shell.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FE69F8C4FD846976" bold="true" box="[497,548,1857,1883]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">JK</emphasis>
. Paratype, articulated specimen with deformed posterior side, showing the regular commarginal ornament; this specimen preserves the most realistic inflation of all available specimens (MSF 2368).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FE46F80DFDBC698F" bold="true" box="[478,540,1928,1954]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">LM</emphasis>
. Articulated specimen (MSF 2369).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FC52F802FBA4698C" bold="true" box="[970,1028,1927,1953]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">NO</emphasis>
. Articulated specimen showing fine internal striation (MSF 2370).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0AFFE4FDD4F82FFD2369E9" bold="true" box="[588,643,1962,1988]" pageId="33" pageNumber="148">PQ</emphasis>
. Deformed specimen showing the regular commarginal ornament (MSF 2371).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C09FFE7FF25FE8CFAD76F7D" box="[189,1399,265,337]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="etymology">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C09FFE7FF25FE8CFEE46F0E" bold="true" box="[189,324,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF25FE8CFEE46F0E" bold="true" box="[189,324,265,291]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FEB3FAD76F7D" blockId="34.[189,1399,310,337]" box="[189,1399,310,337]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Named for Ultimo Bazzani (Castiglione dei Pepoli), who collected many of the specimens studied here.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C09FFE7FF24FEF2FE8F6CA6" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF24FEF2FE0A6FBC" blockId="34.[188,426,375,401]" box="[188,426,375,401]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<heading id="1B5881D19C09FFE7FF24FEF2FE0A6FBC" bold="true" box="[188,426,375,401]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF24FEF2FE0A6FBC" bold="true" box="[188,426,375,401]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF72FE23FEFC6FED" blockId="34.[189,809,422,483]" box="[234,348,422,448]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF72FE23FEFC6FED" bold="true" box="[234,348,422,448]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C09FFE7FF72FE23FEFC6FED" box="[234,348,422,448]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FF25FE4DFC896FCF" box="[189,809,456,483]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MGGC 22330" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C09FFE7FF25FE4DFEAF6FCF" box="[189,271,456,482]" name="Italy" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FEB4FE4DFE336FCF" bold="true" box="[300,403,456,482]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C09FFE7FEB4FE4DFE336FCF" box="[300,403,456,482]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<location id="457060669C09FFE7FE34FE4DFDCE6FCF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C0AFFE7FD15FE79FCA86AC0:457060669C09FFE7FE34FE4DFDCE6FCF" box="[428,622,456,482]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" stateProvince="Tuscany">Ca Cavalmagra</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C09FFE7FDE1FE4DFC856FCF" box="[633,805,456,482]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">MGGC 22330</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF72FD8CFE8F6CA6" blockId="34.[189,1399,521,652]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FF72FD8CFC206C6B" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MSF 1265, MSF 1278, MSF 1280, MSF 1281, MSF 1235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF72FD8CFEC76C0E" bold="true" box="[234,359,521,547]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C09FFE7FF72FD8CFEC76C0E" box="[234,359,521,547]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C09FFE7FF25FDA9FEAF6C6B" box="[189,271,556,582]" name="Italy" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FEA9FDA9FE386C6B" bold="true" box="[305,408,556,582]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C09FFE7FEA9FDA9FE386C6B" box="[305,408,556,582]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 10 specs;
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;
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(2 specs,
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a, L =
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,
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FAA4FDA9FE666C45" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MSF 1265, MSF 1278, MSF 1280, MSF 1281, MSF 1235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C09FFE7FAA4FDA9FF5A6C44" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">MSF 1265</specimenCode>
b, L =
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),
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FE56FDCBFD7B6C45" box="[462,731,590,616]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MSF 1265, MSF 1278, MSF 1280, MSF 1281, MSF 1235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C09FFE7FE56FDCBFDED6C45" box="[462,589,590,616]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">MSF 1278</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FDC6FDCBFD6E6C45" box="[606,718,590,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
),
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FD7BFDCBFC506C45" box="[739,1008,590,616]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MSF 1265, MSF 1278, MSF 1280, MSF 1281, MSF 1235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C09FFE7FD7BFDCBFCC26C45" box="[739,866,590,616]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">MSF 1280</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FCEBFDCBFC436C45" box="[883,995,590,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="18.3">18.3 mm</quantity>
),
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FC61FDCBFB4F6C45" box="[1017,1263,590,616]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MSF 1265, MSF 1278, MSF 1280, MSF 1281, MSF 1235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C09FFE7FC61FDCBFBD76C45" box="[1017,1143,590,616]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">MSF 1281</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FB11FDCBFB426C45" box="[1161,1250,590,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C09FFE7FB60FDCBFE8C6CA6" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="MSF 1265, MSF 1278, MSF 1280, MSF 1281, MSF 1235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C09FFE7FB60FDCBFAD76C44" box="[1272,1399,590,617]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">MSF 1235</specimenCode>
(5 specs)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C09FFE7FF25FD37FD396DE7" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FD37FEEE6CE1" blockId="34.[189,334,690,716]" box="[189,334,690,716]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<heading id="1B5881D19C09FFE7FF25FD37FEEE6CE1" bold="true" box="[189,334,690,716]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF25FD37FEEE6CE1" bold="true" box="[189,334,690,716]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FD65FD396DE7" blockId="34.[187,1399,736,970]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
Shell small for genus, reaching
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FDA2FD65FD056CD7" box="[570,677,736,762]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
in length, trapezoid to cunaeiform, moderately inflated with maximum inflation mid-shell at the umbones; umbones in anterior third of shell, moderately elevated, pointed, orthogyrate to very slightly prosogyrate; blunt ridge running from umbo to posteroventral margin, with weak sulcus to its anterior; ventral margin convex to straight; no lunule, escutcheon lanceolate, short; shell surface covered by numerous weak but distinct and regularly spaced commarginal ribs; interior covered by fine, radial striations. The largest articulated specimen, with broken posterior margin, is
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FEA1FC35FE2C6DE7" box="[313,396,944,970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
high and
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FD98FC35FDF16DE7" box="[512,593,944,970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C09FFE7FF25FC74FAD26A53" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FC74FE8F6A26" blockId="34.[189,303,1009,1035]" box="[189,303,1009,1035]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<heading id="1B5881D19C09FFE7FF25FC74FE8F6A26" bold="true" box="[189,303,1009,1035]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF25FC74FE8F6A26" bold="true" box="[189,303,1009,1035]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FB9AFAD26A53" blockId="34.[189,1398,1055,1151]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
Compared to the Late Miocene Philippine
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C09FFE7FD27FB9AFD526A14" box="[703,754,1055,1081]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C09FFE7FCC4FB9AFAB26A14" authority="(Kiel et al. 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Kiel" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[860,1298,1055,1081]" class="Bivalvia" genus="Sisonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frijellanae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FCC4FB9AFB966A14" box="[860,1078,1055,1081]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Sisonia frijellanae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C09FFE7FBDEFB9AFAAA6A14" author="Kiel S. &amp; Fernando A. G. &amp; Magtoto C. Y. &amp; Kase T." box="[1094,1290,1055,1081]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" pagination="917 - 947" refId="ref18734" refString="Kiel S., Fernando A. G., Magtoto C. Y. &amp; Kase T. 2022. Mollusks from Miocene hydrocarbon-seep deposits in the Ilocos-Central Luzon Basin, Luzon Island, Philippines. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 67: 917 - 947. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00977.2022" type="journal article" year="2022">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FB1EFBA5FB616A14" box="[1158,1217,1055,1081]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C09FFE7FAB8FB9AFEB26A76" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" class="Bivalvia" genus="Sisonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ultimoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FAB8FB9AFEB26A76" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Sisonia ultimoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C09FFE7FE81FBC7FED66A71" box="[281,374,1090,1116]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is much smaller (max.
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FD0AFBC7FD466A71" box="[658,742,1090,1116]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
vs
<quantity id="87579B589C09FFE7FC8AFBC4FCDD6A71" box="[786,893,1089,1116]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.87" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="68.7">68.7 mm</quantity>
in length), is posteriorly less inflated, and the median sulcus is weakly developed and does not always produce a concavity in the ventral margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C09FFE7FF25FB20FCA86AC0" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FB20FDDD6A92" blockId="34.[189,637,1189,1215]" box="[189,637,1189,1215]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
<heading id="1B5881D19C09FFE7FF25FB20FDDD6A92" bold="true" box="[189,637,1189,1215]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="149" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C09FFE7FF25FB20FDDD6A92" bold="true" box="[189,637,1189,1215]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C09FFE7FF25FB56FCA86AC0" blockId="34.[189,776,1235,1261]" box="[189,776,1235,1261]" pageId="34" pageNumber="149">
Middle Miocene (upper Langhian), northern
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFDB5F92BFBA668E5" blockId="11.[557,1030,1710,1772]" box="[557,1030,1710,1737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="1B5881D19C20FFCEFDB5F92BFBA668E5" box="[557,1030,1710,1737]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFDB5F92BFBA668E5" ID-CoL="9GJWQ" authority="Sacco, 1896" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[557,1030,1710,1737]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFDB5F92BFCCF68E4" bold="true" box="[557,879,1710,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Fissurella costicillatissima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFCEFF92BFBA668E5" author="Sacco F." box="[887,1030,1710,1736]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" refId="ref20718" refString="Sacco F. 1896. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXI. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1896">Sacco, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFCEFD45F954FCF768C1" box="[733,855,1745,1772]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFD45F954FCF768C1" blockId="11.[557,1030,1710,1772]" box="[733,855,1745,1772]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C20FFCEFD45F954FCF768C1" box="[733,855,1745,1772]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-38@13.[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Vetigastropoda Salvini-Plawen, 1980, Patellogastropoda Lindberg, 1986 and Neomphalina McLean, 1981 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AG. The colloniid (Vetigastropoda) Homalopoma domeniconii Moroni, 1966. AB. MSF 2357 from Ca Piantè. CD. MSF 2365 from Ca Piantè. EG. MSF 1216 from Le Colline.HL. The fissurellid (Vetigastropoda) Fissurella costicillatissima Sacco, 1897, from Le Colline. HI. Specimen with remnants of surface sculpture (MSF 1214). JL. Internal mold showing mantle attachment scars and foramen (MSF 1213). MN. The lottiid (Patellogastropoda) Tectura? cf. taurinensis Sacco, 1897, from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1310). OQ. The neomphaline Retiskenea? sp. from Ca Cavalmagra. OP. MSF 2364. Q. MSF 1312." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350719/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Fig. 5HL</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFC9FF25F896FCB76F6B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25F896FC286900" blockId="11.[189,904,1811,1837]" box="[189,904,1811,1837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C20FFCEFF25F896FC286900" box="[189,904,1811,1837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C20FFCEFF25F896FD1D6900" author="Sacco F." box="[189,701,1811,1837]" page="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFF25F896FD1D6900" ID-CoL="9GJWQ" authority="Sacco, 1896: 11" authorityName="Sacco" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1896" box="[189,701,1811,1837]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF25F896FE596900" box="[189,505,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Fissurella costicillatissima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFD98F896FD1D6900" author="Sacco F." box="[512,701,1811,1837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" refId="ref20718" refString="Sacco F. 1896. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXI. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1896">Sacco, 1896: 11</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1 figs 4647.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25F8D1FDE969BF" blockId="11.[189,1399,1876,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C20FFCEFF25F8D1FDE969BF" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFF25F8D1FE5C6943" ID-CoL="9GJWQ" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[189,508,1876,1902]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF25F8D1FE5C6943" box="[189,508,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Fissurella costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C20FFCEFD86F8D0FC0A6943" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[542,938,1876,1903]" page="277" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFD86F8D0FC0A6943" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[542,938,1876,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFD7FF8D0FC846943" box="[743,804,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
1984: 277
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 51 fig. 5ab. —
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C20FFCEFB32F8D1FEF469BF" author="Harzhauser M. &amp; Landau B. &amp; Mandic O. &amp; Kroh A. &amp; Kuttelwascher K. &amp; Grunert P. &amp; Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W." page="87" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFB32F8D1FEF469BF" author="Harzhauser M. &amp; Landau B. &amp; Mandic O. &amp; Kroh A. &amp; Kuttelwascher K. &amp; Grunert P. &amp; Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W." pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="83 - 113" refId="ref17830" refString="Harzhauser M., Landau B., Mandic O., Kroh A., Kuttelwascher K., Grunert P., Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W. 2014. Gastropods of an Ottnangian (Early Miocene) rocky shore in the North Alpine Foreland Basin (Allerding, Austria). Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 154: 83 - 113." type="journal article" year="2014">
Harzhauser
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFAA1F8D0FAD76943" box="[1337,1399,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
2014: 87
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1 figs 34, 5ab.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25F83CFCD669F9" blockId="11.[189,886,1977,2004]" box="[189,886,1977,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C20FFCEFF25F83CFCD669F9" box="[189,886,1977,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
?
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFF49F83CFD9369FE" ID-CoL="9GJWQ" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[209,563,1977,2003]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF49F83CFEE769FE" box="[209,327,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Fissurella</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFEECF83CFD9369FE" box="[372,563,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C20FFCEFDC8F83CFCD269F9" author="Cowper Reed F. R." box="[592,882,1977,2004]" page="516" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFDC8F83CFCD269F9" author="Cowper Reed F. R." box="[592,882,1977,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="511 - 517" refId="ref16680" refString="Cowper Reed F. R. 1932. New Miocene faunas from Cyprus. Geological Magazine 69: 511 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756800098277" type="journal article" year="1932">Cowper Reed 1932: 516</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FE8CFC566F0E" blockId="12.[189,1014,265,327]" box="[189,1014,265,292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C27FFC9FF25FE8CFC566F0E" box="[189,1014,265,292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
?
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF49FE8CFDAE6F0E" ID-CoL="9GJWQ" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[209,526,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF49FE8CFDAE6F0E" box="[209,526,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Fissurella costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C27FFC9FDB3FE8CFCFC6F0E" author="Konior K. &amp; Krach W." box="[555,860,265,292]" page="78" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FDB3FE8CFCFC6F0E" author="Konior K. &amp; Krach W." box="[555,860,265,292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="39 - 84" refId="ref18852" refString="Konior K. &amp; Krach W. 1965. Zlepience debowieckie i fauna miocenska z wiercenia B 4 kolo Bielska [On the Debowiec conglomerates and the Miocene fauna from borehole B 4 near Bielsko]. Acta Geologica Polonica 15: 39 - 84." type="journal article" year="1965">Konior &amp; Krach 1965: 78</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 4 fig. 10.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FEA9FCB76F6B" blockId="12.[189,1014,265,327]" box="[189,791,300,327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C27FFC9FF25FEA9FCB76F6B" box="[189,791,300,327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
?
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF49FEA9FD9C6F6B" ID-CoL="9GJWQ" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[209,572,300,326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF49FEA9FEE76F6B" box="[209,327,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Fissurella</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FEE5FEA9FD9C6F6B" box="[381,572,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C27FFC9FDC1FEA9FCB26F6B" author="David L." box="[601,786,300,326]" page="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FDC1FEA9FCB26F6B" author="David L." box="[601,786,300,326]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="9 - 13" refId="ref16787" refString="David L. 1967. La faune Helvetienne des &quot; sables de St. Fons &quot; (Miocene, Rhone). Publications de la Societe linneenne de Lyon Annee 36: 9 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1967.5877" type="journal article" year="1967">David 1967: 12</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25FEE8FB5D6F9B" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FEE8FE0A6FAA" blockId="12.[189,426,365,391]" box="[189,426,365,391]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FF25FEE8FE0A6FAA" bold="true" box="[189,426,365,391]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FEE8FE0A6FAA" bold="true" box="[189,426,365,391]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FE19FB5D6F9B" blockId="12.[189,1277,412,439]" box="[189,1277,412,439]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C27FFC9FF25FE19FC1F6F9B" box="[189,959,412,439]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" specimenCode="MSF 1213" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C27FFC9FF25FE19FEAF6F9B" box="[189,271,412,438]" name="Italy" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FEB4FE19FE336F9B" bold="true" box="[300,403,412,438]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C27FFC9FEB4FE19FE336F9B" box="[300,403,412,438]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 2 specs;
<location id="457060669C27FFC9FD89FE18FD316F9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C20FFC9FDB5F92BFCC06DDB:457060669C27FFC9FD89FE18FD316F9B" box="[529,657,412,439]" country="Italy" name="Le Colline" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" stateProvince="Tuscany">Le Colline</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C27FFC9FD05FE19FCBA6F9B" box="[669,794,412,438]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">MSF 1213</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C27FFC9FCC3FE19FC126F9B" box="[859,946,412,439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C27FFC9FC5EFE19FB5D6F9B" box="[966,1277,412,439]" collectionCode="MSF" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" specimenCode="MSF 1214" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C27FFC9FC5EFE19FBE36F9B" box="[966,1091,412,438]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">MSF 1214</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C27FFC9FB1CFE19FB516F9B" box="[1156,1265,412,439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25FE5BFBB76DAB" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FE5BFE8F6FD5" blockId="12.[189,303,478,504]" box="[189,303,478,504]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FF25FE5BFE8F6FD5" bold="true" box="[189,303,478,504]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FE5BFE8F6FD5" bold="true" box="[189,303,478,504]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FD89FBB76DAB" blockId="12.[188,1400,524,902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF25FD89FDA16C0B" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[189,513,524,550]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FD89FDA16C0B" box="[189,513,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Fissurella costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from the Upper Miocene of the Turin hills (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FF5DFDAAFEF66C64" author="Sacco F." box="[197,342,559,585]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" refId="ref20756" refString="Sacco F. 1897. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXII. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1897">Sacco 1897</bibRefCitation>
). It could potentially be widely distributed in the Miocene of the Mediterranean region, with a reliable record from an Early Miocene rocky shore deposit in the North Alpine Foreland Basin (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FF5EFDF3FE796CBD" author="Harzhauser M. &amp; Landau B. &amp; Mandic O. &amp; Kroh A. &amp; Kuttelwascher K. &amp; Grunert P. &amp; Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W." box="[198,473,630,656]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="83 - 113" refId="ref17830" refString="Harzhauser M., Landau B., Mandic O., Kroh A., Kuttelwascher K., Grunert P., Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W. 2014. Gastropods of an Ottnangian (Early Miocene) rocky shore in the North Alpine Foreland Basin (Allerding, Austria). Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 154: 83 - 113." type="journal article" year="2014">
Harzhauser
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FECDFDF2FE316CBD" box="[341,401,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
), and unconfirmed records from the Upper Miocene of
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C27FFC9FBF5FDF3FB626CBD" box="[1133,1218,630,656]" name="Cyprus" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FB4BFDF3FF5C6C9E" author="Cowper Reed F. R." pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="511 - 517" refId="ref16680" refString="Cowper Reed F. R. 1932. New Miocene faunas from Cyprus. Geological Magazine 69: 511 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756800098277" type="journal article" year="1932">Cowper Reed 1932</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C27FFC9FE89FD1CFEC26C9E" box="[273,354,665,691]" name="Poland" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Poland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FEEBFD1CFDDF6C99" author="Konior K. &amp; Krach W." box="[371,639,665,692]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="39 - 84" refId="ref18852" refString="Konior K. &amp; Krach W. 1965. Zlepience debowieckie i fauna miocenska z wiercenia B 4 kolo Bielska [On the Debowiec conglomerates and the Miocene fauna from borehole B 4 near Bielsko]. Acta Geologica Polonica 15: 39 - 84." type="journal article" year="1965">Konior &amp; Krach 1965</bibRefCitation>
), and
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C27FFC9FD50FD1CFCB86C9E" box="[712,792,665,691]" name="France" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FCB1FD1CFC1A6C9E" author="David L." box="[809,954,665,691]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="9 - 13" refId="ref16787" refString="David L. 1967. La faune Helvetienne des &quot; sables de St. Fons &quot; (Miocene, Rhone). Publications de la Societe linneenne de Lyon Annee 36: 9 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1967.5877" type="journal article" year="1967">David 1967</bibRefCitation>
). A specimen illustrated as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FA9AFD1CFE046CFB" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FA9AFD1CFAD86C9E" box="[1282,1400,665,691]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Fissurella</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF7DFD39FE046CFB" box="[229,420,700,726]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Mio-Pliocene of Lanzarote (Canary Islands) has a much more elongate foramen (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FEA8FD5AFDDB6CD4" author="Betancort Lozano J. F." box="[304,635,735,762]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" refId="ref15825" refString="Betancort Lozano J. F. 2012. Fosiles Marinos del Neogeno de Canarias (Coleccion de la ULPGC). Dos Neotipos, Catalogo y Nuevas Aportaciones (Sistematica, Paleoecologia y Paleoclimatologia). PhD thesis, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 10553 / 7718 [accessed 23 Oct. 2023]." type="url" year="2012">Betancort Lozano 2012: 96</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 4 fig. 3) and is unlikely to belong to this species. With this potentially wide geographic distribution,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FD3FFC87FC436D31" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" box="[679,995,770,796]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Fissurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costicillatissima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FD3FFC87FC436D31" box="[679,995,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Fissurella costicillatissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not unlike the extant fissurellid
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF25FCA3FDBD6D6D" authority="Verrill, 1882" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1882" box="[189,541,806,832]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" genus="Diodora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tanneri">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FCA3FEDE6D6D" box="[189,382,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Diodora tanneri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FE1DFCA3FDBD6D6D" author="Verrill A. E." box="[389,541,806,832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="447 - 587" refId="ref21962" refString="Verrill A. E. 1882. Catalogue of marine Mollusca added to the fauna of New England during the past ten years. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Science 5: 447 - 587. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12964" type="journal article" year="1882">Verrill, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is widespread in the western North Atlantic Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FB46FCA3FAD26D6D" author="Verrill A. E." box="[1246,1394,806,832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="447 - 587" refId="ref21962" refString="Verrill A. E. 1882. Catalogue of marine Mollusca added to the fauna of New England during the past ten years. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Science 5: 447 - 587. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12964" type="journal article" year="1882">Verrill 1882</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FF26FCCCFE3E6D4E" author="Barroso C. X. &amp; Lotufo T. M. &amp; Matthews-Cascon H." box="[190,414,841,867]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="2477 - 2488" refId="ref15510" refString="Barroso C. X., Lotufo T. M. d. C. &amp; Matthews-Cascon H. 2016. Biogeography of Brazilian prosobranch gastropods and their Atlantic relationships. Journal of Biogeography 43: 2477 - 2488. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 12821" type="journal article" year="2016">
Barroso
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FEB8FCCFFEFA6D4E" box="[288,346,841,867]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FE31FCCCFDD96D4E" author="Meyer K. S. &amp; Brooke S. D. &amp; Sweetman A. K. &amp; Wolf M. &amp; Young C. R." box="[425,633,841,867]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="17 - 29" refId="ref19580" refString="Meyer K. S., Brooke S. D., Sweetman A. K., Wolf M. &amp; Young C. R. 2017. Invertebrate communities on historical shipwrecks in the western Atlantic: relation to islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 566: 17 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 12058" type="book chapter" year="2017">
Meyer
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FE63FCCFFD966D4E" box="[507,566,841,867]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
) and has been reported from methane seeps in the Gulf of Mexico (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FF5CFCE9FE3F6DAB" author="Cordes E. E. &amp; Becker E. L. &amp; Fisher C. R." box="[196,415,876,902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="2537 - 2548" refId="ref16564" refString="Cordes E. E., Becker E. L. &amp; Fisher C. R. 2010. Temporal shift in nutrient input to cold-seep food webs revealed by stable-isotope signatures of associated communities. Limnology and Oceanography 55: 2537 - 2548. https: // doi. org / 10.4319 / lo. 2010.55.6.2537" type="journal article" year="2010">
Cordes
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FEB9FCE8FEFC6DAB" box="[289,348,876,902]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
) and the southern Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FCAAFCE9FBAB6DAB" author="Gracia A. &amp; Rangel-Buitrago N. &amp; Sellanes J." box="[818,1035,876,902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="1367 - 1377" refId="ref17636" refString="Gracia A., Rangel-Buitrago N. &amp; Sellanes J. 2012. Methane seep molluscs from the Sinu - San Jacinto fold belt in the Caribbean Sea of Colombia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 92: 1367 - 1377. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315411001421" type="journal article" year="2012">
Gracia
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FC11FCE8FC646DAB" box="[905,964,876,902]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25FC28FCC06DDB" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FC28FDDD6DE5" blockId="12.[189,637,941,968]" box="[189,637,941,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FF25FC28FDDD6DE5" bold="true" box="[189,637,941,968]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FC28FDDD6DE5" bold="true" box="[189,637,941,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FC59FCC06DDB" blockId="12.[189,864,988,1015]" box="[189,864,988,1015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Middle to Upper Miocene, northern Mediterranean basin.</paragraph>
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@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
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<treatment id="C80687AB9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFD036B5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350688" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350688" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFD036B5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80687AB9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFD036B5C" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFBAF6C3B" box="[548,1039,507,534]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFBAF6C3B" blockId="11.[548,1039,507,570]" box="[548,1039,507,534]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="1B5881D19C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFBAF6C3B" box="[548,1039,507,534]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFBAF6C3B" ID-CoL="9H2HR" authority="Moroni, 1966" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" box="[548,1039,507,534]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Homalopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="domeniconii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFCC66C3B" bold="true" box="[548,870,507,534]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma domeniconii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFCF6FE79FBAF6C3B" author="Moroni M. A." box="[878,1039,508,534]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFCEFD43FD9AFCF86C17" box="[731,856,543,570]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFD43FD9AFCF86C17" blockId="11.[548,1039,507,570]" box="[731,856,543,570]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C20FFCEFD43FD9AFCF86C17" box="[731,856,543,570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-38@13.[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Vetigastropoda Salvini-Plawen, 1980, Patellogastropoda Lindberg, 1986 and Neomphalina McLean, 1981 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AG. The colloniid (Vetigastropoda) Homalopoma domeniconii Moroni, 1966. AB. MSF 2357 from Ca Piantè. CD. MSF 2365 from Ca Piantè. EG. MSF 1216 from Le Colline.HL. The fissurellid (Vetigastropoda) Fissurella costicillatissima Sacco, 1897, from Le Colline. HI. Specimen with remnants of surface sculpture (MSF 1214). JL. Internal mold showing mantle attachment scars and foramen (MSF 1213). MN. The lottiid (Patellogastropoda) Tectura? cf. taurinensis Sacco, 1897, from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1310). OQ. The neomphaline Retiskenea? sp. from Ca Cavalmagra. OP. MSF 2364. Q. MSF 1312." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350719/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Fig. 5AG</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFCEFF25FDE5FBF26C57" box="[189,1106,608,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25FDE5FBF26C57" blockId="11.[189,1106,608,635]" box="[189,1106,608,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C20FFCEFF25FDE5FBF26C57" box="[189,1106,608,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C20FFCEFF25FDE5FC286C56" author="Moroni M. A." box="[189,904,608,635]" page="72" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFF25FDE5FC286C56" ID-CoL="9H2HR" authority="Moroni, 1966: 72" authorityName="Moroni" authorityPageNumber="72" authorityYear="1966" box="[189,904,608,635]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Homalopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="domeniconii" subGenus="Homalopoma">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF25FDE5FEFD6C57" box="[189,349,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFEF6FDE5FDAE6C57" box="[366,526,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFD87FDE5FD106C57" box="[543,688,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">domeniconii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFD2FFDE5FC286C56" author="Moroni M. A." box="[695,904,608,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966: 72</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2 figs 1, 46.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFCEFF25FD27FD2A6D79" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25FD27FE0A6C91" blockId="11.[189,426,674,700]" box="[189,426,674,700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="1B5881D19C20FFCEFF25FD27FE0A6C91" bold="true" box="[189,426,674,700]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF25FD27FE0A6C91" bold="true" box="[189,426,674,700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25FD54FD2A6D79" blockId="11.[189,1399,720,853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFF25FD54FC046CC6" box="[189,932,720,747]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cassano" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 2356" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C20FFCEFF25FD54FEAF6CC6" box="[189,271,721,747]" name="Italy" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFEA8FD55FDA56CC7" bold="true" box="[304,517,720,746]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C20FFCEFEA8FD55FDA56CC7" box="[304,517,720,746]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C20FFCEFD87FD54FDD56CC6" box="[543,629,721,747]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C20FFCEFD1BFD54FCB96CC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFD036B5C:457060669C20FFCEFD1BFD54FCB96CC6" box="[643,793,721,747]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Cassano" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Cassano</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFCBEFD54FC046CC6" box="[806,932,720,747]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 2356</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFC27FD54FE876D23" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Piante" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 2357" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
2 specs;
<location id="457060669C20FFCEFBBFFD54FB056CC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFD036B5C:457060669C20FFCEFBBFFD54FB056CC7" box="[1063,1189,720,747]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Piante" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Piantè</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFB2AFD54FA906CC6" box="[1202,1328,720,747]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 2357</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C20FFCEFF25FD71FEBA6D23" box="[189,282,756,782]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="9.7">9.7 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFEB5FD71FDF56D23" box="[301,597,755,782]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 2365" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFEB5FD71FE086D23" box="[301,424,755,782]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 2365</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C20FFCEFE68FD71FDEE6D23" box="[496,590,756,782]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="8.8">8.8 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFDEBFD71FB556D23" box="[627,1269,755,782]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 1216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFDEBFD71FD7A6D23" bold="true" box="[627,730,756,782]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C20FFCEFDEBFD71FD7A6D23" box="[627,730,756,782]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 5 specs;
<location id="457060669C20FFCEFCCCFD71FC736D23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C20FFCEFDBCFE7EFD036B5C:457060669C20FFCEFCCCFD71FC736D23" box="[852,979,756,782]" country="Italy" name="Le Colline" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" stateProvince="Tuscany">Le Colline</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFC46FD71FBFA6D20" box="[990,1114,755,782]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 1216</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C20FFCEFB39FD71FB486D23" box="[1185,1256,756,782]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFB63FD71FEFF6D1C" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 1217" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFB63FD71FAD76D23" box="[1275,1399,756,782]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 1217</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C20FFCEFE9FFC92FEF16D1C" box="[263,337,791,817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFEF0FC92FD0A6D1C" box="[360,682,791,818]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 2354" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFEF0FC92FE486D1F" box="[360,488,791,818]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 2354</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C20FFCEFDA4FC92FD3C6D1C" box="[572,668,791,817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFD2BFC92FC0A6D1C" box="[691,938,791,818]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="MSF 2355" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFD2BFC92FC936D1F" box="[691,819,791,818]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">MSF 2355</specimenCode>
[2 specs]
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C20FFCEFC50FC92FD276D79" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Mo" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204844" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C20FFCEFC50FC92FB846D1C" box="[968,1060,791,817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">2 specs</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C20FFCEFED8FCBEFDB26D79" box="[320,530,826,853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">NRM Mo 204844</specimenCode>
(2 specs)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C20FFCEFF25FCF9FD3A6B2C" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25FCF9FE8F6DBB" blockId="11.[189,303,892,918]" box="[189,303,892,918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="1B5881D19C20FFCEFF25FCF9FE8F6DBB" bold="true" box="[189,303,892,918]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF25FCF9FE8F6DBB" bold="true" box="[189,303,892,918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C20FFCEFF25FC2EFD3A6B2C" blockId="11.[189,1400,938,1281]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">
We believe
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFEC9FC2FFDA36DE9" author="Moroni M. A." box="[337,515,938,964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni (1966)</bibRefCitation>
correctly assigned this species to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFC2AFC2FFBF26DE9" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1864" box="[946,1106,938,964]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Homalopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFC2AFC2FFBF26DE9" box="[946,1106,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Initially reported from outcrops at Santa Sofia (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFE4DFC48FDD36DCA" author="Moroni M. A." box="[469,627,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFDE5FC48FCB86DCA" author="Taviani M." box="[637,792,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="185 - 191" refId="ref21234" refString="Taviani M. 1994. The &quot; calcari a Lucina &quot; macrofauna reconsidered: deep-sea faunal oases from Miocene-age cold vents in the Romagna Apennine, Italy. Geo-Marine Letters 14: 185 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01203730" type="journal article" year="1994">Taviani 1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFCBBFC48FCC16DCA" author="Taviani M." box="[803,865,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref21281" refString="Taviani M. 1996. La scoperta delle oasi di mare profondo nel Miocene italiano. Paleocronache 1996: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
), it has since been reported from other Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFF4BFC74FE846A27" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[211,292,1009,1034]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF4BFC74FE846A27" box="[211,292,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sites only rarely (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFE65FC75FCA26A26" author="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[509,770,1008,1035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="49 - 73" refId="ref20958" refString="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2019. La Vita nei mari prima del gesso: i &quot; calcari a Lucina &quot; e i carbonati preevaporitici di Monte Mauro. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Speleologia - Ser. II 34: 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="2019">Sami &amp; Taviani 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFC97FC75FC706A26" author="Kiel S. &amp; Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[783,976,1008,1035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="127 - 132" refId="ref18792" refString="Kiel S., Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2023. Unusual Miocene hydrocarbon-seep faunas from the Brisighella area in northern Italy: embedded in clastics and first records of the lucinid bivalves Megaxinus and Miltha. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68: 127 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 01021.2022" type="journal article" year="2023">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFCD4FC74FC296A27" box="[844,905,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFC7EFC75FB0F6A26" box="[998,1199,1008,1035]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Homalopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFC7EFC75FB266A27" box="[998,1158,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
reported by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFAD1FC75FEF16A03" author="Gill F. L. &amp; Harding I. C. &amp; Little C. T. S. &amp; Todd J. A." pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="191 - 209" refId="ref17380" refString="Gill F. L., Harding I. C., Little C. T. S. &amp; Todd J. A. 2005. Palaeogene and Neogene cold seep communities in Barbados, Trinidad and Venezuela: an overview. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 227: 191 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2005.04.024" type="journal article" year="2005">
Gill
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF27FB91FF5A6A00" box="[191,250,1043,1069]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
from the Eocene to Miocene seep deposits of
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C20FFCEFC1AFB96FC516A00" box="[898,1009,1043,1069]" name="Barbados" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Barbados</collectingCountry>
has more numerous spiral cords per whorl than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFEEFFBBDFD8B6A7C" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" box="[375,555,1079,1105]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Homalopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="domeniconii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFEEFFBBDFD8B6A7C" box="[375,555,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">H. domeniconii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Several species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C20FFCEFC86FBB2FC1E6A7C" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1864" box="[798,958,1079,1105]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Homalopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFC86FBB2FC1E6A7C" box="[798,958,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been reported from the Eocene Humptulips Formation in western
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C20FFCEFDF3FBDFFCE16A59" box="[619,833,1114,1140]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Washington State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C20FFCEFCCBFBDFFC316A59" box="[851,913,1114,1140]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">USA</collectingCountry>
, associated with methane-seep deposits and wood-falls (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFE19FBF8FD0E6ABA" author="Goedert J. L. &amp; Squires R. L." box="[385,686,1149,1175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="1182 - 1185" refId="ref17517" refString="Goedert J. L. &amp; Squires R. L. 1990. Eocene deep-sea communities in localized limestones formed by subduction-related methane seeps, southwestern Washington. Geology 18: 1182 - 1185. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (1990) 018 &lt;1182: EDSCIL&gt; 2.3. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1990">Goedert &amp; Squires 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFD25FBF8FC226ABA" author="Saul L. R. &amp; Squires R. L. &amp; Goedert J. L." box="[701,898,1149,1175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="788 - 794" refId="ref21084" refString="Saul L. R., Squires R. L. &amp; Goedert J. L. 1996. A new genus of cryptic lucinid? bivalve from Eocene cold seeps and turbidite-influenced mudstone, western Washington. Journal of Paleontology 70: 788 - 794. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022336000023829" type="journal article" year="1996">
Saul
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFD64FBFBFC996ABA" box="[764,825,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFC09FBF8FBAD6ABA" author="Kiel S." box="[913,1037,1149,1175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="161 - 174" refId="ref18337" refString="Kiel S. 2008. Fossil evidence for micro- and macrofaunal utilization of large nekton-falls: examples from early Cenozoic deep-water sediments in Washington State, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 267: 161 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2008.06.016" type="journal article" year="2008">Kiel 2008</bibRefCitation>
), all of which are much taller than
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF60FB24FE0E6A97" box="[248,430,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">H. domeniconii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Species of
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFDDAFB25FD426A97" box="[578,738,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Homalopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have also been reported from methane-seep deposits of Cretaceous age (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFE1BFB46FDF26AF3" author="Kaim A. &amp; Jenkins R. G. &amp; Hikida Y." box="[387,594,1219,1246]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="463 - 490" refId="ref18123" refString="Kaim A., Jenkins R. G. &amp; Hikida Y. 2009. Gastropods from Late Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits in Omagari and Yasukawa, Nakagawa area, Hokkaido, Japan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54: 463 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 2009.0042" type="journal article" year="2009">
Kaim
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFE48FB41FDAD6AF0" box="[464,525,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFDC7FB41FD3D6AF3" author="Kaim A. &amp; Skupien P. &amp; Jenkins R. G." box="[607,669,1220,1246]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="42 - 51" refId="ref18178" refString="Kaim A., Skupien P. &amp; Jenkins R. G. 2013. A new Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep locality from Czech Carpathians and its fauna. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 390: 42 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2013.03.010" type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C20FFCEFD33FB46FC956AF3" author="Kaim A." box="[683,821,1219,1246]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126" pagination="323 - 374" refId="ref18053" refString="Kaim A. 2022. A review of gastropods at ancient hydrocarbon seeps. In: Kaim A., Landman N. H. &amp; Cochran J. K. (eds) Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps. Topics in Geobiology: 323 - 374. Springer, Cham. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 031 - 05623 - 9 _ 11" type="book chapter" year="2022">Kaim 2022</bibRefCitation>
), indicating that this genus has a long history of taking advantage of methane-seep areas.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C20FFCEFF25FAADFDDD6B6F" bold="true" box="[189,637,1320,1346]" pageId="11" pageNumber="126">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Middle to Upper Miocene, northern
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.
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Genus
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Bruguière, 1789
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species
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Linnaeus, 1758
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, by subsequent designation.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFD2EF9E4FCE76851" bold="true" box="[694,839,1633,1660]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">Calliostoma</emphasis>
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;
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Dome-shaped shell, ca
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high, whorls with slightly convex flanks and indistinct suture, sculpture cancellate with 10 spirals on last whorl, crossed by equally sized and spaced, oblique and sinuous axial ribs.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Remarks</emphasis>
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The cancellate sculpture and dome-shaped spire of this species are somewhat unusual for
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, but the specimen is within the morphological range of other
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFCC9FEDCFC406F5E" box="[849,992,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Calliostoma</emphasis>
species
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(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFBD3FEDCFB7B6F5E" author="Quinn J. F. J." box="[1099,1243,345,371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="77 - 114" refId="ref20222" refString="Quinn J. F. J. 1992. New species of Calliostoma Swainson, 1840 (Gastropoda: Trochidae), and notes on some poorly known species from the western Atlantic Ocean. The Nautilus 106: 77 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9717" type="journal article" year="1992">Quinn 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFB7FFEDCFEFD6FBB" author="Dornellas A. P. S. &amp; Simone L. R. L." pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="267 - 293" refId="ref16898" refString="Dornellas A. P. S. &amp; Simone L. R. L. 2013. Comparative morphology and redescription of three species of Calliostoma (Gastropoda, Trochoidea) from Brazilian Coast. Malacologia 56: 267 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.4002 / 040.056.0215" type="journal article" year="2013">Dornellas &amp; Simone 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Shells with similar sculpture and a general dome-like habitus, though with much broader spire, are built by members of the genus
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFD37FE1BFCEE6F95" box="[687,846,414,440]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Ancistrobasis</emphasis>
Dall, 1889
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(i.e.,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFB83FE1AFA826F94" author="Ortega J. R. &amp; Gofas S." box="[1051,1314,414,441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="513 - 551" refId="ref20114" refString="Ortega J. R. &amp; Gofas S. 2019. The unknown bathyal of the Canaries: new species and new records of deep-sea Mollusca. Zoosystema 41: 513 - 551. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / zoosystema 2019 v 41 a 26" type="journal article" year="2019">Ortega &amp; Gofas 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFAA8FE1BFE9E6FF6" author="Gofas S. &amp; Luque A. A. &amp; Oliver J. D. &amp; Templado J. &amp; Serrano A." pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 114" refId="ref17578" refString="Gofas S., Luque A. A., Oliver J. D., Templado J. &amp; Serrano A. 2021. The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785: 1 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2021.785.1605" type="journal article" year="2021">
Gofas
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFF27FE47FF5A6FF6" box="[191,250,449,475]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C21FFCFFF25FD87FC2D6D1F" blockId="10.[187,1400,514,818]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">
The shell resembles certain species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFDE0FD87FC716C31" authority="Monterosato, 1884" authorityName="Monterosato" authorityYear="1884" box="[632,977,514,541]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Jujubinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFDE0FD87FD4A6C31" box="[632,746,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Jujubinus</emphasis>
Monterosato, 1884
</taxonomicName>
, for example
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFBF5FD87FEC36C6D" authority="(Millet, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Millet" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Jujubinus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFBF5FD87FB7F6C31" box="[1133,1247,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Jujubinus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFA92FD86FAD66C31" box="[1290,1398,515,540]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">proximus</emphasis>
(Millet, 1865)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFE3AFDA0FB1A6C12" authority="Landau, Van Dingenen &amp; Ceulemans, 2017" authorityName="Landau, Van Dingenen &amp; Ceulemans" authorityYear="2017" box="[418,1210,549,575]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Jujubinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sceauxensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFE3AFDA0FD076C12" box="[418,679,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Jujubinus sceauxensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFD29FDA0FB1A6C12" author="Landau B. M. &amp; Dingenen F. V. &amp; Ceulemans L." box="[689,1210,549,575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="75 - 166" refId="ref19098" refString="Landau B. M., Dingenen F. V. &amp; Ceulemans L. 2017. The upper Miocene gastropods of northwestern France, 1. Patellogastropoda and Vetigastropoda. Cainozoic Research 17: 75 - 166." type="journal article" year="2017">Landau, Van Dingenen &amp; Ceulemans, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C21FFCFFAAFFDA0FAD76C12" box="[1335,1399,549,575]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Loire</collectingRegion>
Basin in northwestern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C21FFCFFE5AFDCDFDB26C4F" box="[450,530,584,610]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFD86FDC2FD596C4F" author="Landau B. M. &amp; Dingenen F. V. &amp; Ceulemans L." box="[542,761,583,610]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="75 - 166" refId="ref19098" refString="Landau B. M., Dingenen F. V. &amp; Ceulemans L. 2017. The upper Miocene gastropods of northwestern France, 1. Patellogastropoda and Vetigastropoda. Cainozoic Research 17: 75 - 166." type="journal article" year="2017">
Landau
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFDE2FDCDFD146C4C" box="[634,692,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
: pls 23, 25). But
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFC2CFDC2FB866C4C" authorityName="Monterosato" authorityYear="1884" box="[948,1062,583,609]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Jujubinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFC2CFDC2FB866C4C" box="[948,1062,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Jujubinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits intertidal to shallow submarine habitats (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFE30FDEFFD216CA9" author="Rueda J. L. &amp; Marina P. &amp; Salas C. &amp; Urra J." box="[424,641,618,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="345 - 354" refId="ref20470" refString="Rueda J. L., Marina P., Salas C. &amp; Urra J. 2008. Jujubinus striatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gastropoda: Trochidae) from a deep Zostera marina bed in southern Spain (Alboran Sea): aspects of ecology and biology. Journal of Molluscan Studies 74: 345 - 354. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / mollus / eyn 021" type="journal article" year="2008">
Rueda
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFD98FDEEFD9B6CA9" box="[512,571,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFD16FDEFFCFA6CA9" author="Reich S. &amp; Wesselingh F. P. &amp; Renema W." box="[654,858,618,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="5 - 129" refId="ref20279" refString="Reich S., Wesselingh F. P. &amp; Renema W. 2014. A highly diverse molluscan seagrass fauna from the early Burdigalian (early Miocene) of Banyunganti (south-central Java, Indonesia). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museum Wien A 116: 5 - 129." type="journal article" year="2014">
Reich
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFD43FDEEFCB66CA9" box="[731,790,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
) and is unlikely to be found in a deep-marine seep environment. Similar sculpture and shell shapes can also be seen in members of the trochoid genus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFF24FD2AFDAE6CE7" authority="Fisher, 1879" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1879" box="[188,526,687,714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Odontotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFF24FD2AFECB6CE4" box="[188,363,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Odontotrochus</emphasis>
Fisher, 1879
</taxonomicName>
, for example the extant species
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFC02FD2AFAD76CE7" authority="Huang &amp; Fu, 2022" authorityName="Huang &amp; Fu" authorityYear="2022" box="[922,1399,687,714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Odontotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="suni">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFC02FD2AFB256CE4" box="[922,1157,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Odontotrochus suni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFB08FD35FAD76CE7" author="Huang S. - I. &amp; Fu I. - F." box="[1168,1399,688,714]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="37 - 48" refId="ref17963" refString="Huang S. - I. &amp; Fu I. - F. 2022. Descriptions of two new Calliostomatidae from Taiwan and one new Trochidae from North Australia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochoidea). Bulletin of Malacology, Taiwan 45: 37 - 48." type="journal article" year="2022">Huang &amp; Fu, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFF68FD57FE5A6CC1" authority="(Lan, 1991)" baseAuthorityName="Lan" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[240,506,722,748]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Odontotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="poppei">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFF68FD57FEC56CC1" box="[240,357,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">O. poppei</emphasis>
(Lan, 1991)
</taxonomicName>
from North
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C21FFCFFD17FD57FD5B6CC1" box="[655,763,722,748]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFC94FD57FC4B6CC1" author="Huang S. - I. &amp; Fu I. - F." box="[780,1003,722,749]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="37 - 48" refId="ref17963" refString="Huang S. - I. &amp; Fu I. - F. 2022. Descriptions of two new Calliostomatidae from Taiwan and one new Trochidae from North Australia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochoidea). Bulletin of Malacology, Taiwan 45: 37 - 48." type="journal article" year="2022">Huang &amp; Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
). The Late Miocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFB7BFD57FE5F6D22" authority="Sacco, 1896" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Phorculellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurangulosus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFB7BFD57FEC56D22" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Phorculellus taurangulosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFEF6FD70FE5F6D22" author="Sacco F." box="[366,511,757,783]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" refId="ref20718" refString="Sacco F. 1896. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXI. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1896">Sacco, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Turin hills (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C21FFCFFC98FD70FBEC6D22" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[768,1100,757,783]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFC52FD73FBA46D22" box="[970,1028,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">et al.</emphasis>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 48 fig. 1) has similar sculpture but less straight-sided whorls than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C21FFCFFD50FC92FCF76D1C" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1840" box="[712,855,791,817]" class="Gastropoda" family="Calliostomatidae" genus="Calliostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFD50FC92FCF76D1C" box="[712,855,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Calliostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? sp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C21FFCFFF25FCDDFC876D8C" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C21FFCFFF25FCDDFDDD6D5E" blockId="10.[189,637,856,883]" box="[189,637,856,883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">
<heading id="1B5881D19C21FFCFFF25FCDDFDDD6D5E" bold="true" box="[189,637,856,883]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="125" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C21FFCFFF25FCDDFDDD6D5E" bold="true" box="[189,637,856,883]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C21FFCFFF25FC02FC876D8C" blockId="10.[189,807,903,929]" box="[189,807,903,929]" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">
Middle Miocene (lower Serravallian), northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C21FFCFFD74FC02FC846D8C" box="[748,804,903,929]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="125">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFD0DFE8CFCF56F0E" bold="true" box="[661,853,265,291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Chilodontaidae</emphasis>
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indet.
</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C23FFCDFD45FEA9FCF66F6B" box="[733,854,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[188,231,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,893,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-150@8.[189,1398,893,1886]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3. Chilodontaidae Wenz, 1938 (Vetigastropoda) from the Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AC. Putzeysia diversii sp. nov. AB. Holotype, Ca Piantè (MSF 1079). C. Paratype, Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1300). DF. Chilodontaidae indet., Le Colline (MSF 1209)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350714/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Fig. 3DF</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C23FFCDFF25FEE8FC666F9B" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" type="materials_examined">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C23FFCDFF25FEE8FE0A6FAA" bold="true" box="[189,426,365,391]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFF25FEE8FE0A6FAA" bold="true" box="[189,426,365,391]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C23FFCDFF25FE19FC666F9B" blockId="8.[189,966,412,439]" box="[189,966,412,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C23FFCDFF25FE19FC626F9B" box="[189,962,412,439]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" specimenCode="MSF 1209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C23FFCDFF25FE19FEAF6F9B" box="[189,271,412,438]" name="Italy" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFEB4FE19FE336F9B" bold="true" box="[300,403,412,438]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C23FFCDFEB4FE19FE336F9B" box="[300,403,412,438]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C23FFCDFE34FE19FDA16F9A" box="[428,513,412,439]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C23FFCDFD01FE19FCB66F9B" box="[665,790,412,438]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">MSF 1209</specimenCode>
(H =
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.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFF25FE58FEEE6FDA" bold="true" box="[189,334,477,503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Description</emphasis>
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Tall, turbiniform shell, about
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high, four convex whorls with incised suture, sculptured by six equally spaced, fine spirals cords, crossed by likewise sized and spaced, oblique axial ribs; basal margin sharp, base smooth, slightly convex, narrow umbilical slit; aperture circular, entire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C23FFCCFF25FD11FB0B6FFD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFF25FD11FE8F6C83" bold="true" box="[189,303,660,686]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C23FFCCFF25FD47FB0B6FFD" blockId="8.[187,1399,706,836]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,265,465]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">
This worn specimen is difficult to place. It shows cancellate sculpture similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C23FFCDFB30FD46FAD66CF1" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[1192,1398,706,732]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFB30FD46FAD66CF1" box="[1192,1398,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C23FFCDFF23FD60FEB76CD2" box="[187,279,741,767]" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
described above, but all described species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C23FFCDFCA5FD60FC0D6CD3" authorityName="Sulliotti" authorityYear="1889" box="[829,941,741,766]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFCA5FD60FC0D6CD3" box="[829,941,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Putzeysia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in the size range of
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height, were the specimen concerned here is
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high. Furthermore, most species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C23FFCDFB59FC8DFA916D0C" authorityName="Sulliotti" authorityYear="1889" box="[1217,1329,776,801]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="8" pageNumber="123" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C23FFCDFB59FC8DFA916D0C" box="[1217,1329,776,801]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="123">Putzeysia</emphasis>
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show sculpture on the base, in contrast to the genuinely smooth base of the specimen concerned here. We place this specimen in the family
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C22FFCCFD92FE8CFD1D6F0E" authorityName="Wenz" authorityYear="1938" box="[522,701,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Chilodontaidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Chilodontaidae</taxonomicName>
due to its general resemblance of members of this family, but do not assign it to any genus. A Miocene species with similar shape and sculpture is
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C22FFCCFB5DFEA9FACA6F6B" box="[1221,1386,300,326]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Monodontella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFB5DFEA9FACA6F6B" box="[1221,1386,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">Monodontella</emphasis>
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?
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFF25FECBFEE66F45" box="[189,326,334,360]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">taurelegans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C22FFCCFED6FECBFE7E6F45" author="Sacco F." box="[334,478,334,360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" refId="ref20718" refString="Sacco F. 1896. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXI. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1896">Sacco, 1896</bibRefCitation>
re-illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C22FFCCFD38FECAFC4E6F45" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[672,1006,334,361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFCFCFECAFC3E6F45" box="[868,926,334,360]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
(1984
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 46 fig. 5ac), but that species has a taller spire than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C22FFCCFE59FEF7FDFC6FA6" box="[449,604,369,395]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFE59FEF7FD916FA6" box="[449,561,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">Putzeysia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, and distinct denticles in the aperture. The Early Miocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C22FFCCFA88FEF4FE736F80" authority="Sacco, 1896" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1896" genus="Magulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tauracutus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFA88FEF4FE9A6F80" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">Magulus tauracutus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C22FFCCFEDBFE11FE736F80" author="Sacco F." box="[323,467,403,430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" refId="ref20718" refString="Sacco F. 1896. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXI. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1896">Sacco, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
re-illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C22FFCCFD00FE11FC4A6F83" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[664,1002,404,430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFCC6FE11FC3A6F83" box="[862,922,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
(1984
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 47 fig. 6ab) is considered as belonging to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C22FFCCFEC0FE33FDEA6FFD" authority="Risso, 1826" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[344,586,438,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Gibbula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C22FFCCFEC0FE33FE186FFD" box="[344,440,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="124">Gibbula</emphasis>
Risso, 1826
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C22FFCCFDC1FE33FC846FFD" author="Harzhauser M." box="[601,804,438,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="124" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref17729" refString="Harzhauser M. 2021. The Cainozoic to present-day record of Circum-Mediterranean, NE Atlantic and North Sea Cantharidinae and Trochinae (Trochoidea, Gastropoda) - A synopsis. Zootaxa 4902: 1 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4902.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">Harzhauser 2021</bibRefCitation>
) and has a more dome-like spire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C24FFCAFDACFD85FBF36C37" ID-CoL="7P6SH" authority="van Aartsen, Bogi &amp; Giusti, 1989" authorityName="van Aartsen, Bogi &amp; Giusti" authorityYear="1989" box="[564,1107,512,539]" class="Gastropoda" family="Elachisinidae" genus="Laeviphitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFDACFD85FD626C36" bold="true" box="[564,706,512,539]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Laeviphitus</emphasis>
van Aartsen, Bogi &amp; Giusti, 1989
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C24FFCAFF25FDC7FBC46CA7" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFF25FDC7FEF86C76" blockId="15.[189,344,577,604]" box="[189,344,577,604]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<heading id="1B5881D19C24FFCAFF25FDC7FEF86C76" bold="true" box="[189,344,577,604]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFF25FDC7FEF86C76" bold="true" box="[189,344,577,604]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C24FFCAFF25FDC7FF5A6C71" box="[189,250,578,604]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFF25FDF5FBC46CA7" blockId="15.[189,1124,624,651]" box="[189,1124,624,651]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C24FFCAFF25FDF5FCE16CA7" ID-CoL="3RVK3" authority="van Aartsen, Bogi &amp; Giusti, 1989" authorityName="van Aartsen, Bogi &amp; Giusti" authorityYear="1989" box="[189,833,624,651]" class="Gastropoda" family="Elachisinidae" genus="Laeviphitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="verduini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFF25FDF5FE0E6CA7" box="[189,430,624,650]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Laeviphitus verduini</emphasis>
van Aartsen, Bogi &amp; Giusti, 1989
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
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<mods:title id="0FEFC94D92B276FF3AB071B5D86E4F99">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C24FFCAFD37F959FC2568DB" box="[687,901,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFD37F959FC2568DB" blockId="15.[687,901,1756,1817]" box="[687,901,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C24FFCAFD37F959FC8668DB" ID-CoL="7NJY4" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[687,806,1756,1782]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFD37F959FC8668DB" bold="true" box="[687,806,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Naticidae</emphasis>
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indet. 1
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C24FFCAFD45F97AFCF66934" box="[733,854,1791,1817]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFD45F97AFCF66934" blockId="15.[687,901,1756,1817]" box="[733,854,1791,1817]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C24FFCAFD45F97AFCF66934" box="[733,854,1791,1817]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-49@16.[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 6. Neritimorpha Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1975 and Caenogastropoda Cox, 1960 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AB. The phenacolepid (Neritimorpha) Thalassonerita megastoma Moroni, 1966, Le Colline (MSF 1223), internal mold showing columellar muscle scars. CE. The elachisinid (Caenogastropoda) Laeviphitus sp. C. Small specimen with preserved protoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204837). D. Close-up on transition between proto- and teleoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204838). E. Tall specimen (MSF 1204) from Le Colline. FG. Naticidae indet. sp. 1. F. Shell embedded in rock matrix, from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22304). G. Operculum (MSF 1218). H. Naticidae indet. sp. 2 from Guzzano (MGGC 22305). IK. Pisanianura? pusilla Bellardi 1872, from Castel di Casio. I. Specimen with remains of siphonal canal and shell sculpture (MGGC 22306). J. Small, internal mold (MGGC 22307). K. Large specimen with preserved shell (MGGC 22308). L. Semicassis aff. reticulata (Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840), Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22310)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350725/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Fig. 6FG</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C24FFCAFF25F8C4FEB269FD" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFF25F8C4FE0A6976" bold="true" box="[189,426,1857,1883]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFF25F8F5FEB269FD" blockId="15.[189,1399,1903,2000]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C24FFCAFF25F8F5FAC369A7" box="[189,1379,1903,1930]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Castiglion dei Pepoli" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" specimenCode="MGGC 22304" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C24FFCAFF25F8F5FEAF69A7" box="[189,271,1904,1930]" name="Italy" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFEA9F8EAFDA669A4" bold="true" box="[305,518,1903,1929]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C24FFCAFEA9F8EAFDA669A4" box="[305,518,1903,1929]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C24FFCAFDB9F8F5FDD869A7" box="[545,632,1904,1930]" count="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C24FFCAFD1DF8EAFC2369A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C24FFD4FD37F959FC9F6F59:457060669C24FFCAFD1DF8EAFC2369A4" box="[645,899,1903,1929]" country="Italy" name="Castiglion dei Pepoli" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Castiglion dei Pepoli</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C24FFCAFC08F8F5FB9A69A7" box="[912,1082,1904,1930]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">MGGC 22304</specimenCode>
(H = 18.6, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C24FFCAFA9DF8EAFAFC69A7" box="[1285,1372,1903,1930]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C24FFCAFF25F816FD226980" box="[189,642,1939,1965]" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Caselle C" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204847" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C24FFCAFF25F816FEB46980" box="[189,276,1939,1965]" count="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C24FFCAFEBAF816FE396980" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C24FFD4FD37F959FC9F6F59:457060669C24FFCAFEBAF816FE396980" box="[290,409,1939,1965]" country="Italy" name="Caselle C" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Caselle C</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C24FFCAFE3FF816FD226980" box="[423,642,1939,1965]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">NRM Mo 204847</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C24FFCAFD31F816FEAE69FD" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" specimenCode="MSF 1218" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C24FFCAFD31F816FCB06980" box="[681,784,1939,1965]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C24FFCAFCB4F816FC276980" box="[812,903,1939,1965]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C24FFCAFC0DF816FBB46980" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C24FFD4FD37F959FC9F6F59:457060669C24FFCAFC0DF816FBB46980" box="[917,1044,1939,1965]" country="Italy" name="Le Colline" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" stateProvince="Tuscany">Le Colline</location>
(operculae);
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C24FFCAFB2DF816FA946980" box="[1205,1332,1939,1965]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">MSF 1218</specimenCode>
(H =
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C3BFFD5FF25FE8DFB856FBA" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" type="description">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C3BFFD5FF25FE8DFEEE6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FF25FE8DFEEE6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
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Naticiform shell with moderately elevated spire, about four whorls, nearly
<quantity id="87579B589C3BFFD5FBD5FEB2FB036F7F" box="[1101,1187,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
tall, suture deep, growth increments compressed into oblique bulges near upper suture, remaining whorl smooth; operculum half-moon shaped, coiling expands rapidly, nucleus subcentral.
</paragraph>
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<caption id="14D066359C3BFFD5FF25F9CEFE2069C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350725/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" startId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" targetBox="[189,1398,528,1569]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3BFFD5FF25F9CEFE2069C5" blockId="16.[188,1399,1611,2024]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FF25F9CEFEAC6848" bold="true" box="[189,268,1611,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FE8CF9CEFC85684B" authority="Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1975" authorityName="Golikov &amp; Starobogatov" authorityYear="1975" box="[276,805,1611,1638]" pageId="16" pageNumber="129" rank="subClass" subClass="Neritimorpha">Neritimorpha Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1975</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FCC7F9CEFB0E6848" authority="Cox, 1960" authorityName="Cox" authorityYear="1960" box="[863,1198,1611,1637]" class="Gastropoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subClass" subClass="Caenogastropoda">Caenogastropoda Cox, 1960</taxonomicName>
from the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FF41F9EAFE8A68A5" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[217,298,1647,1672]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FF41F9EAFE8A68A5" box="[217,298,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seep deposits in northern Italy.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FD57F9EBFCA768A5" bold="true" box="[719,775,1646,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">AB</emphasis>
. The phenacolepid (
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FB95F9EBFB0F68A5" authorityName="Golikov &amp; Starobogatov" authorityYear="1975" box="[1037,1199,1646,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="129" rank="subClass" subClass="Neritimorpha">Neritimorpha</taxonomicName>
)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FB5EF9EBFE546886" authority="Moroni, 1966" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Phenacolepadidae" genus="Thalassonerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastoma">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FB5EF9EBFEE36886" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Thalassonerita megastoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3BFFD5FED5F914FE546886" author="Moroni M. A." box="[333,500,1681,1707]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Le Colline (MSF 1223), internal mold showing columellar muscle scars.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FF25F931FF5568E3" bold="true" box="[189,245,1716,1742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">CE</emphasis>
. The elachisinid (
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FE5AF930FD3268E2" authorityName="Cox" authorityYear="1960" box="[450,658,1717,1743]" class="Gastropoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subClass" subClass="Caenogastropoda">Caenogastropoda</taxonomicName>
)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FD07F930FCCA68E3" box="[671,874,1716,1743]" class="Gastropoda" family="Elachisinidae" genus="Laeviphitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-C">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FD07F930FC8868E2" box="[671,808,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Laeviphitus</emphasis>
sp.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FCCDF931FCCA68E3" bold="true" box="[853,874,1716,1742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">C</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Small specimen with preserved protoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204837).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FD0AF95DFD0768DF" bold="true" box="[658,679,1752,1778]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">D</emphasis>
. Close-up on transition between proto- and teleoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204838).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FDD3F97EFDFF6938" bold="true" box="[587,607,1787,1813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">E</emphasis>
. Tall specimen (MSF 1204) from Le Colline.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FBEFF97EFB0E6938" bold="true" box="[1143,1198,1787,1813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">FG</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FB25F97EFA8D6938" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[1213,1325,1787,1813]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Naticidae</taxonomicName>
indet. sp. 1.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FE90F89BFEBA6915" bold="true" box="[264,282,1822,1848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">F</emphasis>
. Shell embedded in rock matrix, from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22304).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FB52F89BFB416915" bold="true" box="[1226,1249,1822,1848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">G</emphasis>
. Operculum (MSF 1218).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FEFFF8C7FEDE6971" bold="true" box="[359,382,1858,1884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">H</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FE09F8C4FDA16976" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[401,513,1857,1883]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Naticidae</taxonomicName>
indet. sp. 2 from Guzzano (MGGC 22305).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FBAFF8C7FBC86971" bold="true" box="[1079,1128,1858,1884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">IK</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FBE4F8C7FEC36952" authority="Bellardi 1872" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1872" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Pisanianura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FBE4F8C7FAAD6976" box="[1148,1293,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Pisanianura</emphasis>
?
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FABFF8C4FAD76976" box="[1319,1399,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">pusilla</emphasis>
Bellardi 1872
</taxonomicName>
, from Castel di Casio.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FDE5F8E0FD286952" bold="true" box="[637,648,1893,1919]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">I</emphasis>
. Specimen with remains of siphonal canal and shell sculpture (MGGC 22306).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FE08F80DFE3F698F" bold="true" box="[400,415,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">J</emphasis>
. Small, internal mold (MGGC 22307).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FC14F80DFC03698F" bold="true" box="[908,931,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">K</emphasis>
. Large specimen with preserved shell (MGGC 22308).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FE0AF82EFE0669E8" bold="true" box="[402,422,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">L</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3BFFD5FE22F82EFBC569E8" authority="(Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840)" authorityName="Bon." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[442,1125,1963,1989]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FE22F82EFD9969E8" box="[442,569,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">Semicassis</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3BFFD5FDE2F82EFD4B69E8" box="[634,747,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="131">reticulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3BFFD5FD67F82EFBFC69E8" author="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G." box="[767,1116,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="131" refId="ref15732" refString="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G. 1840. Saggio Orittografico sulla Classe dei Gasteropodi Fossili dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte. Tipografia Reale, Torino." type="book" year="1840">Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22310).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C3AFFD4FF25FE8CFC9F6F59" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3AFFD4FF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" blockId="17.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3AFFD4FF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3AFFD4FF25FEB2FC9F6F59" blockId="17.[188,1398,311,373]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">
Generic assignments among
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FD93FEB2FDDB6F7C" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[523,635,311,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Naticidae</taxonomicName>
rely heavily on the morphology of the aperture and the umbilicus, both of which are obscured in the available specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A5EDEB0ACA13CD2F722C00DCFE808C00">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFDBBFA93FBB16B1C" blockId="14.[547,1041,1302,1364]" box="[547,1041,1302,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFDBBFA93FBB16B1C" ID-CoL="55ZQT" authority="Moroni, 1966" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" box="[547,1041,1302,1329]" class="Gastropoda" family="Phenacolepadidae" genus="Thalassonerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastoma">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFDBBFA93FCC86B1C" bold="true" box="[547,872,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Thalassonerita megastoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFCF7FA92FBB16B1C" author="Moroni M. A." box="[879,1041,1303,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C25FFCBFD44FABFFCF76B79" box="[732,855,1338,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C25FFCBFD44FABFFCF76B79" box="[732,855,1338,1364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-49@16.[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 6. Neritimorpha Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1975 and Caenogastropoda Cox, 1960 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AB. The phenacolepid (Neritimorpha) Thalassonerita megastoma Moroni, 1966, Le Colline (MSF 1223), internal mold showing columellar muscle scars. CE. The elachisinid (Caenogastropoda) Laeviphitus sp. C. Small specimen with preserved protoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204837). D. Close-up on transition between proto- and teleoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204838). E. Tall specimen (MSF 1204) from Le Colline. FG. Naticidae indet. sp. 1. F. Shell embedded in rock matrix, from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22304). G. Operculum (MSF 1218). H. Naticidae indet. sp. 2 from Guzzano (MGGC 22305). IK. Pisanianura? pusilla Bellardi 1872, from Castel di Casio. I. Specimen with remains of siphonal canal and shell sculpture (MGGC 22306). J. Small, internal mold (MGGC 22307). K. Large specimen with preserved shell (MGGC 22308). L. Semicassis aff. reticulata (Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840), Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22310)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350725/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Fig. 6AB</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C25FFCBFF25FAF9FCDF6BB8" box="[189,895,1403,1429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25FAF9FCDF6BB8" blockId="14.[189,895,1403,1429]" box="[189,895,1403,1429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C25FFCBFF25FAF9FCDF6BB8" box="[189,895,1403,1429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C25FFCBFF25FAF9FC986BB8" author="Moroni M. A." box="[189,824,1403,1429]" page="71" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFF25FAF9FC986BB8" ID-CoL="7SBLH" authority="Moroni, 1966: 71" authorityName="Moroni" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1966" box="[189,824,1403,1429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Phenacolepadidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastoma" subGenus="Thalassonerita">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25FAF9FEA86BB8" box="[189,264,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Nerita</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFE81FAFEFE696BB8" box="[281,457,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Thalassonerita</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFE42FAF9FDC06BB8" box="[474,608,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">megastoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFDFFFAFEFC986BB8" author="Moroni M. A." box="[615,824,1403,1429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966: 71</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C25FFCBFF25FA38FD3C6860" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25FA38FE0A6BFA" blockId="14.[189,426,1469,1495]" box="[189,426,1469,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
<heading id="1B5881D19C25FFCBFF25FA38FE0A6BFA" bold="true" box="[189,426,1469,1495]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25FA38FE0A6BFA" bold="true" box="[189,426,1469,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25FA69FD3C6860" blockId="14.[189,1399,1515,1613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
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<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C25FFCBFF25FA69FEAF682B" box="[189,271,1516,1542]" name="Italy" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">ITALY</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C25FFCBFEA8FA6EFDA56828" box="[304,517,1515,1541]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C25FFCBFD87FA6EFDDA682B" box="[543,634,1515,1542]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">5 specs</specimenCount>
;
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;
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.
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C25FFCBFB9EFA6EFE776804" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="MSF 1203" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C25FFCBFB9EFA6EFBCD6828" box="[1030,1133,1515,1541]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 3 specs;
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;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C25FFCBFF25F98AFE996804" box="[189,313,1551,1577]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">MSF 1203</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C25FFCBFE1BF98AFE6A6804" box="[387,458,1551,1577]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C25FFCBFE45F98AFCA76804" box="[477,775,1550,1577]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="MSF 1220" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C25FFCBFE45F98AFDFA6804" box="[477,602,1551,1577]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">MSF 1220</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C25FFCBFD05F98BFD5A6804" box="[669,762,1550,1577]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C25FFCBFC96F98AFBE56804" box="[782,1093,1550,1577]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="MSF 1223" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C25FFCBFC96F98AFC2A6804" box="[782,906,1551,1577]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">MSF 1223</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C25FFCBFC4BF98BFB9D6804" box="[979,1085,1550,1577]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="15.2">15.2 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C25FFCBFBC4F98BFD386860" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="6 specs, NRM Mo 204845" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C25FFCBFBC4F98BFB146804" box="[1116,1204,1550,1577]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">6 specs</specimenCode>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C25FFCBFE5AF9B7FD386860" box="[450,664,1586,1613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">NRM Mo 204845</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C25FFCBFF25F9F6FCDE69A2" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25F9F6FE8F68A0" blockId="14.[189,303,1651,1677]" box="[189,303,1651,1677]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
<heading id="1B5881D19C25FFCBFF25F9F6FE8F68A0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1651,1677]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25F9F6FE8F68A0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1651,1677]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25F927FCDE69A2" blockId="14.[188,1399,1698,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFF25F927FE5A6891" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" box="[189,506,1698,1724]" class="Gastropoda" family="Phenacolepadidae" genus="Thalassonerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastoma">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25F927FE5A6891" box="[189,506,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Thalassonerita megastoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported and at times figured from various Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFB53F926FABC6891" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[1227,1308,1699,1724]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFB53F926FABC6891" box="[1227,1308,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sites of the Romagna Apennines (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFE76F940FD2E68F2" author="Moroni M. A." box="[494,654,1733,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFD03F940FC9868F2" author="Taviani M." box="[667,824,1733,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="185 - 191" refId="ref21234" refString="Taviani M. 1994. The &quot; calcari a Lucina &quot; macrofauna reconsidered: deep-sea faunal oases from Miocene-age cold vents in the Romagna Apennine, Italy. Geo-Marine Letters 14: 185 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01203730" type="journal article" year="1994">Taviani 1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFCDDF940FC2268F2" author="Taviani M." box="[837,898,1733,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref21281" refString="Taviani M. 1996. La scoperta delle oasi di mare profondo nel Miocene italiano. Paleocronache 1996: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFC08F940FC6D68F2" author="Taviani M." box="[912,973,1733,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="351 - 366" refId="ref21304" refString="Taviani M. 2001. Fluid venting and associated processes. In: Vai G. B. &amp; Martini I. P. (eds) Anatomy of an Orogen: the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins: 351 - 366. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 015 - 9829 - 3 _ 20" type="book chapter" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
, 2011;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFBBDF940FA8668CD" author="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[1061,1318,1733,1760]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="39 - 56" refId="ref20917" refString="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2015. I Calcari a Lucina e i Gessi di Rontana. I Gessi di Brisighella e Rontana. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Speleologia - Ser. II 28: 39 - 56." type="journal article" year="2015">Sami &amp; Taviani 2015</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFAABF940FAD168F2" author="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[1331,1393,1733,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="49 - 73" refId="ref20958" refString="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2019. La Vita nei mari prima del gesso: i &quot; calcari a Lucina &quot; e i carbonati preevaporitici di Monte Mauro. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Speleologia - Ser. II 34: 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFF26F96DFE21692F" author="Kiel S. &amp; Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[190,385,1768,1794]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="127 - 132" refId="ref18792" refString="Kiel S., Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2023. Unusual Miocene hydrocarbon-seep faunas from the Brisighella area in northern Italy: embedded in clastics and first records of the lucinid bivalves Megaxinus and Miltha. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68: 127 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 01021.2022" type="journal article" year="2023">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF61F96CFE97692F" box="[249,311,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
). Specimen MSF 1223 from Le Colline shows scars of the left and right columellar muscles, consistent with the anatomical sketch of the closely related extant species
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFB5EF88EFE4D6964" authority="(Clarke, 1989)" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1989" class="Gastropoda" family="Phenacolepadidae" genus="Thalassonerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="naticoides">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFB5EF88EFE966965" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Thalassonerita naticoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFED0F8ABFE456964" author="Clarke A. H." box="[328,485,1838,1865]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="122 - 134" refId="ref16353" refString="Clarke A. H. 1989. New mollusks from undersea oil seep sites off Louisiana. Malacology Data Net 2: 122 - 134." type="journal article" year="1989">Clarke, 1989</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFD09F8AAFC1D6964" author="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P." box="[657,957,1838,1865]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref22117" refString="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P. 1993. New records, species, genera, and a new family of gastropods from hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps. Zoologica Scripta 22: 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00342. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Warén &amp; Bouchet (1993</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2).
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFBBEF8ABFAF96965" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1989" box="[1062,1369,1838,1864]" class="Gastropoda" family="Phenacolepadidae" genus="Thalassonerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="naticoides">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFBBEF8ABFAF96965" box="[1062,1369,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Thalassonerita naticoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very common species at methane-seeps in the Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C25FFCBFCC4F8D7FC166941" box="[860,950,1874,1900]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Mexico</collectingRegion>
and the Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFB43F8D7FAD26941" author="Clarke A. H." box="[1243,1394,1874,1900]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="122 - 134" refId="ref16353" refString="Clarke A. H. 1989. New mollusks from undersea oil seep sites off Louisiana. Malacology Data Net 2: 122 - 134." type="journal article" year="1989">Clarke 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFF26F8F0FE7769A2" author="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P." box="[190,471,1909,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref22117" refString="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P. 1993. New records, species, genera, and a new family of gastropods from hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps. Zoologica Scripta 22: 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00342. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Warén &amp; Bouchet 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFE7BF8F0FD3569A2" author="Olu K. &amp; Lance S. &amp; Sibuet M. &amp; Henry P. &amp; Fiala-Medoni A. &amp; Dinet A." box="[483,661,1909,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="811 - 841" refId="ref19953" refString="Olu K., Lance S., Sibuet M., Henry P., Fiala-Medoni A. &amp; Dinet A. 1997. Cold seep communities as indicators of fluid expulsion patterns through mud volcanoes seaward of the Barbados Accretionary Prism. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Reserach Papers 44: 811 - 841. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0967 - 0637 (96) 00123 - 9" type="journal article" year="1997">
Olu
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFD8DF8F3FDF069A2" box="[533,592,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFD07F8F0FCD269A2" author="Amon D. J. &amp; Gobin J. &amp; Van Dover C. L. &amp; Levin L. A. &amp; Marsh L. &amp; Raineault N. A." box="[671,882,1909,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="342" refId="ref15320" refString="Amon D. J., Gobin J., Van Dover C. L., Levin L. A., Marsh L. &amp; Raineault N. A. 2017. Characterization of methane-seep communities in a deep-sea area designated for oil and natural gas exploitation off Trinidad and Tobago. Frontiers in Marine Science 4: 342. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fmars. 2017.00342" type="journal article" year="2017">
Amon
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFD76F8F3FC8969A2" box="[750,809,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C24FFCAFF25FE8DFD036F7C" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" blockId="15.[189,637,264,291]" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
<heading id="1B5881D19C24FFCAFF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="130" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C24FFCAFF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C24FFCAFF25FEB2FD036F7C" blockId="15.[189,675,311,338]" box="[189,675,311,338]" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">
Middle to Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C24FFCAFDF0FEB2FD006F7C" box="[616,672,311,337]" name="Italy" pageId="15" pageNumber="130">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
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<mods:title id="43BC88D9D84DA6FEC9152491BBA52D1F">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="34DDAF4D2EDE6F802950C48990D79C88">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9C5012B10FA4AED035B6B2FD8E85F491">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="56ACD37AC5DCA53E75FAA65DDAB2D46B">Sami, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D4A99084AA3B8B80A3A7DC54DDC1B7C5">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="04F8DEA55C9230453512069007A6C590">Institute of Marine Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="1B5881D19C25FFCBFD25FE8DFCD76F0E" box="[701,887,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C25FFCBFD25FE8DFCE16F0E" ID-CoL="7PFP4" authorityName="Waren &amp; Bouchet" authorityYear="2001" box="[701,833,264,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neomphalidae" genus="Retiskenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFD25FE8DFCE16F0E" bold="true" box="[701,833,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Retiskenea</emphasis>
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? sp.
</heading>
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C25FFCBFD43FEA9FCF86F6A" box="[731,856,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-38@13.[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Vetigastropoda Salvini-Plawen, 1980, Patellogastropoda Lindberg, 1986 and Neomphalina McLean, 1981 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AG. The colloniid (Vetigastropoda) Homalopoma domeniconii Moroni, 1966. AB. MSF 2357 from Ca Piantè. CD. MSF 2365 from Ca Piantè. EG. MSF 1216 from Le Colline.HL. The fissurellid (Vetigastropoda) Fissurella costicillatissima Sacco, 1897, from Le Colline. HI. Specimen with remnants of surface sculpture (MSF 1214). JL. Internal mold showing mantle attachment scars and foramen (MSF 1213). MN. The lottiid (Patellogastropoda) Tectura? cf. taurinensis Sacco, 1897, from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1310). OQ. The neomphaline Retiskenea? sp. from Ca Cavalmagra. OP. MSF 2364. Q. MSF 1312." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350719/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Fig. 5OQ</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25FEE8FE0A6FAA" bold="true" box="[189,426,365,391]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C25FFCBFEB4FE19FE336F9B" box="[300,403,412,438]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 2 specs;
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;
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,
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<specimenCode id="10099EC69C25FFCBFCF1FE19FC496F9B" box="[873,1001,412,438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">MSF 2364</specimenCode>
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25FE58FEEE6FDA" bold="true" box="[189,334,477,503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Description</emphasis>
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Low, turbiniform, smooth shell with about 2.5 whorls, about
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across; whorls nearly circular in cross section, suture deep, slight bulge near upper suture.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25FDF4FE8F6CA6" bold="true" box="[189,303,625,651]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Remarks</emphasis>
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The two available specimens are embedded in rock matrix and are rather poorly preserved. They have the size and habitus of specimens belonging to the neomphaline
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFC57FD47FBEE6CF1" box="[975,1102,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Retiskenea</emphasis>
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(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFB05FD46FF5B6D2D" author="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P." pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="116 - 231" refId="ref22173" refString="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P. 2001. Gastropoda and Monoplacophora from hydrothermal vents and seeps; new taxa and records. The Veliger 44: 116 - 231." type="journal article" year="2001">Warén &amp; Bouchet 2001</bibRefCitation>
; Kiel 2006;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFE08FD63FD2F6D2D" author="Campbell K. A. &amp; Peterson D. &amp; Alfaro A. C." box="[400,655,742,768]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="140 - 153" refId="ref16126" refString="Campbell K. A., Peterson D. &amp; Alfaro A. C. 2008. Two new species of Retiskenea? (Gastropoda: Neomphalidae) from Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep-carbonates of northern California. Journal of Paleontology 82: 140 - 153. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 05 - 025.1" type="journal article" year="2008">
Campbell
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFD95FD63FDEA6D2D" box="[525,586,742,768]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFD05FD63FCCB6D2D" author="Kaim A. &amp; Jenkins R. G. &amp; Tanabe K. &amp; Kiel S." box="[669,875,742,768]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="401 - 440" refId="ref18232" refString="Kaim A., Jenkins R. G., Tanabe K. &amp; Kiel S. 2014. Mollusks from late Mesozoic seep deposits, chiefly in California. Zootaxa 3861: 401 - 440. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3861.5.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Kaim
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFD71FD63FC866D2D" box="[745,806,742,768]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C25FFCBFCE1FD63FBA26D2D" author="Kaim A." box="[889,1026,742,768]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" pagination="323 - 374" refId="ref18053" refString="Kaim A. 2022. A review of gastropods at ancient hydrocarbon seeps. In: Kaim A., Landman N. H. &amp; Cochran J. K. (eds) Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps. Topics in Geobiology: 323 - 374. Springer, Cham. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 031 - 05623 - 9 _ 11" type="book chapter" year="2022">Kaim 2022</bibRefCitation>
), but do not preserve details of the protoconch, which would be needed for a reliable assignment to the neomphalids. The specimens are quite similar to a skeneimorph gastropod reported by us from the Late Miocene Ca Fornace seep deposit (Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFEC5FCD5FE376D44" box="[349,407,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
2018).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C25FFCBFF25FC15FCA86DF4" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25FC15FDDD6D86" blockId="14.[189,637,912,939]" box="[189,637,912,939]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
<heading id="1B5881D19C25FFCBFF25FC15FDDD6D86" bold="true" box="[189,637,912,939]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="129" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C25FFCBFF25FC15FDDD6D86" bold="true" box="[189,637,912,939]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C25FFCBFF25FC3AFCA86DF4" blockId="14.[189,776,959,985]" box="[189,776,959,985]" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">
Middle Miocene (upper Langhian), northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C25FFCBFD55FC3AFCA56DF4" box="[717,773,959,985]" name="Italy" pageId="14" pageNumber="129">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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Genus
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<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FDA7FAB1FC556B63" box="[575,1013,1331,1358]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FDA7FAB1FC556B63" ID-CoL="7PJ4S" authority="Sacco, 1897" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" box="[575,1013,1331,1358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Lottiidae" genus="Tectura" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonariida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FDA7FAB1FD0A6B60" bold="true" box="[575,682,1331,1358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FDA7FAB1FD3B6B63" bold="true" box="[575,667,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura</emphasis>
?
</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FD4EFAB6FCFD6B60" bold="true" box="[726,861,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">taurinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FCFDFAB1FC556B63" author="Sacco F." box="[869,1013,1332,1358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" refId="ref20756" refString="Sacco F. 1897. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXII. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1897">Sacco, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FD41FAD2FCFB6B5F" box="[729,859,1367,1394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FD41FAD2FCFB6B5F" blockId="12.[575,1013,1331,1394]" box="[729,859,1367,1394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C27FFC9FD41FAD2FCFB6B5F" box="[729,859,1367,1394]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-38@13.[189,1398,609,1710]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Vetigastropoda Salvini-Plawen, 1980, Patellogastropoda Lindberg, 1986 and Neomphalina McLean, 1981 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AG. The colloniid (Vetigastropoda) Homalopoma domeniconii Moroni, 1966. AB. MSF 2357 from Ca Piantè. CD. MSF 2365 from Ca Piantè. EG. MSF 1216 from Le Colline.HL. The fissurellid (Vetigastropoda) Fissurella costicillatissima Sacco, 1897, from Le Colline. HI. Specimen with remnants of surface sculpture (MSF 1214). JL. Internal mold showing mantle attachment scars and foramen (MSF 1213). MN. The lottiid (Patellogastropoda) Tectura? cf. taurinensis Sacco, 1897, from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1310). OQ. The neomphaline Retiskenea? sp. from Ca Cavalmagra. OP. MSF 2364. Q. MSF 1312." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350719/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Fig. 5MN</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25FA1CFC75683A" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FA1CFD5F6B9E" blockId="12.[189,767,1432,1459]" box="[189,767,1432,1459]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C27FFC9FF25FA1CFD5F6B9E" box="[189,767,1432,1459]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C27FFC9FF25FA1CFDC56B9F" author="Sacco F." box="[189,613,1432,1458]" page="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" year="1897">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF25FA1CFDC56B9F" authority="Sacco, 1897: 20" authorityName="Sacco" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1897" box="[189,613,1432,1458]" class="Gastropoda" family="Lottiidae" genus="Tectura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonariida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurinensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FA1CFE3F6B9F" box="[189,415,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura taurinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FE3FFA1DFDC56B9F" author="Sacco F." box="[423,613,1432,1458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" refId="ref20756" refString="Sacco F. 1897. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXII. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1897">Sacco, 1897: 20</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2 fig. 53.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FA5FFBAA6BD9" blockId="12.[189,1034,1498,1560]" box="[189,1034,1498,1524]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C27FFC9FF25FA5FFBAA6BD9" box="[189,1034,1498,1524]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF25FA5FFE646BDE" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1897" box="[189,452,1498,1524]" class="Gastropoda" family="Lottiidae" genus="Tectura" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonariida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurinensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FA5FFEB66BDE" box="[189,278,1498,1523]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FEDAFA5FFE646BDE" box="[322,452,1498,1523]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">taurinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C27FFC9FE7AFA5FFCE06BD9" author="Cossmann M. &amp; Peyrot, A." box="[482,832,1498,1524]" page="34" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" year="1917">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FE7AFA5FFCE06BD9" author="Cossmann M. &amp; Peyrot, A." box="[482,832,1498,1524]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="157 - 365" refId="ref16621" refString="Cossmann M. &amp; Peyrot, A. 1917. Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine. Tome 3, Gastropodes, Scaphopodes et Amphineures. Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 69: 157 - 365. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 31657755 [accessed 23 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1917">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot 1917: 34</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2 figs 4749.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25FA7BFC75683A" blockId="12.[189,1034,1498,1560]" box="[189,981,1533,1560]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C27FFC9FF25FA7BFC75683A" box="[189,981,1533,1560]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF25FA7BFE3F683A" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1897" box="[189,415,1534,1559]" class="Gastropoda" family="Lottiidae" genus="Tectura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonariida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurinensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FA7BFE3F683A" box="[189,415,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura taurinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C27FFC9FE25FA78FC9B683A" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[445,827,1533,1559]" page="279" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FE25FA78FC9B683A" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[445,827,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FD18FA7BFD1B683A" box="[640,699,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">et al.</emphasis>
1984: 279
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 51 fig. 3.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25F9BBFBA368AA" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25F9BBFE0A6875" blockId="12.[189,426,1598,1624]" box="[189,426,1598,1624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FF25F9BBFE0A6875" bold="true" box="[189,426,1598,1624]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25F9BBFE0A6875" bold="true" box="[189,426,1598,1624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25F9E8FBA368AA" blockId="12.[189,1027,1645,1671]" box="[189,1027,1645,1671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C27FFC9FF25F9E8FC5E68AA" box="[189,1022,1645,1671]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" specimenCode="MSF 1310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C27FFC9FF25F9E8FEAF68AA" box="[189,271,1645,1671]" name="Italy" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FEB4F9E8FE3368AA" bold="true" box="[300,403,1645,1671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C27FFC9FEB4F9E8FE3368AA" box="[300,403,1645,1671]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C27FFC9FE34F9E8FDA168AA" box="[428,513,1645,1671]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C27FFC9FD95F9E8FD6F68AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C27FFC9FDA7FAB1FD0369FD:457060669C27FFC9FD95F9E8FD6F68AA" box="[525,719,1645,1671]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" stateProvince="Tuscany">Ca Cavalmagra</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C27FFC9FD42F9E8FCF768AA" box="[730,855,1645,1671]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">MSF 1310</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C27FFC9FC00F9E8FC5768AA" box="[920,1015,1645,1671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25F92BFE8A694D" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25F92BFE8F68E5" blockId="12.[189,303,1710,1736]" box="[189,303,1710,1736]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FF25F92BFE8F68E5" bold="true" box="[189,303,1710,1736]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25F92BFE8F68E5" bold="true" box="[189,303,1710,1736]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25F958FE8A694D" blockId="12.[189,1400,1757,1888]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C27FFC9FF25F958FEFB68DA" author="Sacco F." box="[189,347,1757,1783]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" refId="ref20756" refString="Sacco F. 1897. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXII. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1897">Sacco (1897)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species from the Turin hills and as being
<quantity id="87579B589C27FFC9FC6EF958FBF968DA" box="[1014,1113,1757,1783]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">46 mm</quantity>
long and up to
<quantity id="87579B589C27FFC9FA83F958FAD768DA" box="[1307,1399,1757,1784]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
high. This matches the size of the specimen from Ca Cavalmagra. However, as protoconch and shell microstructure of this species remain unknown, its assignment to the patellogastropod
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FB22F8A1FAB36910" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" box="[1210,1299,1828,1853]" class="Gastropoda" family="Lottiidae" genus="Tectura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonariida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FB22F8A1FAB36910" box="[1210,1299,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains tentative.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C27FFC9FF25F80DFD0369FD" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25F80DFDDD698F" blockId="12.[189,637,1928,1954]" box="[189,637,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="1B5881D19C27FFC9FF25F80DFDDD698F" bold="true" box="[189,637,1928,1954]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25F80DFDDD698F" bold="true" box="[189,637,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C27FFC9FF25F833FD0369FD" blockId="12.[189,675,1974,2001]" box="[189,675,1974,2001]" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">
Middle to Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C27FFC9FDF0F833FD0069FD" box="[616,672,1974,2000]" name="Italy" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
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Genus
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FD48FB06FC8C6AB0" bold="true" box="[720,812,1155,1181]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura</emphasis>
Gray, 1847
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species
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C27FFC9FF25FB77FEFD6B21" authorityName="da Costa" authorityYear="1778" box="[189,349,1266,1292]" class="Gastropoda" family="Patellidae" genus="Patella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplysiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FF25FB77FEFD6B21" box="[189,349,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Patella parva</emphasis>
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da
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, 1778 (=
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C27FFC9FDA5FB76FD5E6B21" box="[573,766,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="127">Tectura virginea</emphasis>
(O.F. Müller, 1776))
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, by original designation.
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View file

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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FD18FD92FCF26C1C" bold="true" box="[640,850,534,561]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C2CFFC2FD44FDDFFCF76C59" box="[732,855,602,628]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[188,231,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,893,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-150@8.[189,1398,893,1886]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3. Chilodontaidae Wenz, 1938 (Vetigastropoda) from the Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AC. Putzeysia diversii sp. nov. AB. Holotype, Ca Piantè (MSF 1079). C. Paratype, Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1300). DF. Chilodontaidae indet., Le Colline (MSF 1209)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350714/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3AC</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25FD1FFE966C99" bold="true" box="[189,310,666,692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C2CFFC2FF25FD42FD206D6B" blockId="7.[189,1399,711,838]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Shell turbiniform made of at least 4 whorls; suture deep; whorls slightly convex, sculpture cancellate, made of 2024 opisthocyrt axial ribs per whorl, crossed by 45 spirals, intersections tuberculate; basal margin rounded-angular, marked by spiral cord; base weakly sculptured, at least two spiral cords near umbilical slit; aperture nearly circular.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25FCE9FEE46DAB" bold="true" box="[189,324,876,902]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Etymology</emphasis>
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The new taxon is dedicated to the amateur paleontologist Mauro Diversi (19642021) who provided over the years many important samples to the Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali of Faenza, including specimens from the Calcari a
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FD82FC58FDCB6DDB" box="[538,619,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Lucina</emphasis>
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deposits discussed in previous papers by the authors.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25FB9EFE0A6A18" bold="true" box="[189,426,1051,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Material examined</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2CFFC2FEB4FBEFFDA16AA9" box="[300,513,1130,1156]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF72FB2FFE066AE9" bold="true" box="[234,422,1194,1220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Other material</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C2CFFC2FF25FB49FBAB6ACB" box="[189,1035,1227,1254]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" specimenCode="MSF 1300" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2CFFC2FF25FB49FEAF6ACB" box="[189,271,1228,1254]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FEB4FB49FE336ACB" bold="true" box="[300,403,1228,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2CFFC2FEB4FB49FE336ACB" box="[300,403,1228,1254]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 3 specs;
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;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C2CFFC2FD46FB49FCFB6ACB" box="[734,859,1228,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">MSF 1300</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C2CFFC2FC38FB49FC5E6ACB" box="[928,1022,1228,1254]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C2CFFC2FB8AFB49FAA76ACB" box="[1042,1287,1228,1254]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" specimenCode="MSF 1301" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C2CFFC2FB8AFB49FB2F6ACB" box="[1042,1167,1228,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">MSF 1301</specimenCode>
[
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C2CFFC2FB06FB49FB5C6ACB" box="[1182,1276,1228,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">2 specs</specimenCount>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C2CFFC2FF25FA89FD316947" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2CFFC2FF25FA89FE8F6B0B" blockId="7.[189,303,1292,1318]" box="[189,303,1292,1318]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">
<heading id="1B5881D19C2CFFC2FF25FA89FE8F6B0B" bold="true" box="[189,303,1292,1318]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25FA89FE8F6B0B" bold="true" box="[189,303,1292,1318]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2CFFC2FF25FABCFBBB6BD6" blockId="7.[188,1399,1336,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FF25FABCFE2C6B7F" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,396,1336,1362]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25FABCFE2C6B7F" box="[189,396,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C2CFFC2FE0BFABCFE4C6B7E" box="[403,492,1337,1363]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from the
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C2CFFC2FD37FABCFD426B7E" box="[687,738,1337,1363]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FCDBFABCFB876B7F" baseAuthorityName="Aradas" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[835,1063,1336,1362]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FCDBFABCFB876B7F" box="[835,1063,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having much less convex whorl flanks, a less incised suture, and more pronounced sculpture on the base (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FBF0FADFFAF16B59" author="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D. &amp; Villari A." box="[1128,1361,1370,1396]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="387 - 397" refId="ref20380" refString="Reitano A., Scuderi D. &amp; Villari A. 2022. Lectotype designation for Putzeysia clathrata (Aradas, 1847) (Gastropoda Eucyclidae) and its systematic position. Biodiversity Journal 13: 387 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.31396 / Biodiv. Jour. 2022.13.2.387.397" type="journal article" year="2022">
Reitano
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FB56FADEFAA96B59" box="[1230,1289,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
). A specimen from uppermost Miocene (Messinian) deep-water strata in
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2CFFC2FC6FFAFEFB9A6BB8" box="[1015,1082,1403,1429]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Spain</collectingCountry>
identified as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FB46FAF9FE8B6B9A" baseAuthorityName="Aradas" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FB46FAF9FAEE6BB8" box="[1246,1358,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF27FA18FE8B6B9A" box="[191,299,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FEF0FA18FDE56B9A" author="Barrier P. &amp; Zibrowius H. &amp; Lozouet P. &amp; Montenat C. &amp; Ott d'Estevou P. &amp; Serrano F. &amp; Soudet H. - J." box="[360,581,1437,1463]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref15448" refString="Barrier P., Zibrowius H., Lozouet P., Montenat C., Ott d'Estevou P., Serrano F. &amp; Soudet H. - J. 1991. Une faune de fond dur du bathyal superieur dans le Miocene terminal des cordilleres Betiques (Carboneras, SE Espagne). Mesogee 51: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1991">
Barrier
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FE5CFA1BFE5E6B9A" box="[452,510,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
1991
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4.2) differs notably from
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FC33FA1BFBDC6B9A" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[939,1148,1437,1463]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FC33FA1BFBDC6B9A" box="[939,1148,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its much stronger ornament, consisting of only two strong spiral cords per whorl and the axial ribs being more oblique; the ornament is also very strong on the base, in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FCDCFA64FBB46BD7" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[836,1044,1504,1530]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FCDCFA64FBB46BD7" box="[836,1044,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2CFFC2FF25F9A4FD316947" blockId="7.[189,1399,1568,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FF25F9A4FE2C6817" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,396,1568,1594]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25F9A4FE2C6817" box="[189,396,1568,1594]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C2CFFC2FE0BF9A4FE4D6816" box="[403,493,1569,1595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from the extant
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FC98F9A4FB466817" authority="Reitano &amp; Scuderi, 2021" authorityName="Reitano &amp; Scuderi" authorityYear="2021" box="[768,1254,1568,1594]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rickyi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FC98F9A4FC1A6817" box="[768,954,1568,1594]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia rickyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FC59F9A5FB466817" author="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D." box="[961,1254,1568,1594]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="937 - 946" refId="ref20329" refString="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D. 2021. A new species of Putzeysia Sulliotti, 1889 (Gastropoda Eucyclidae) from the Ionian Sea (Italy). Biodiversity Journal 12: 937 - 946. https: // doi. org / 10.31396 / Biodiv. Jour. 2021.12.4.937.946" type="journal article" year="2021">Reitano &amp; Scuderi, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2CFFC2FAAAF9A5FAD66817" box="[1330,1398,1568,1594]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Sicily</collectingRegion>
mainly by a slightly lower spire, straighter whorl flanks, and the much weaker ornamentation on the base (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FE99F9E0FD876852" author="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D." box="[257,551,1637,1663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="937 - 946" refId="ref20329" refString="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D. 2021. A new species of Putzeysia Sulliotti, 1889 (Gastropoda Eucyclidae) from the Ionian Sea (Italy). Biodiversity Journal 12: 937 - 946. https: // doi. org / 10.31396 / Biodiv. Jour. 2021.12.4.937.946" type="journal article" year="2021">Reitano &amp; Scuderi 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Even more similar is the Early Pleistocene to Recent
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FB2EF9E3FEDA688C" authority="(Calcara, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Calcara" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wiseri">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FB2EF9E3FAD76852" box="[1206,1399,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia wiseri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FF5DF903FED1688C" author="Calcara P." box="[197,369,1670,1697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref16033" refString="Calcara P. 1842. Nuove ricerche ed osservazioni sopra vari molluschi Siciliani. Nuove specie di Calyptrea. Il Maurolico, Giornale del Gabinetto Letterario di Messina 13: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1842">Calcara, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, also from the Mediterranean Sea, and fossil in southern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2CFFC2FBA0F903FBCF688D" box="[1080,1135,1670,1696]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Italy</collectingCountry>
, which has a spire of similar height, but the whorls are more convex and it has a sculptured base (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FBF7F92DFAD268EF" author="Guidastri R. &amp; Melone G. &amp; Taviani M." box="[1135,1394,1704,1730]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="125 - 136" refId="ref17693" refString="Guidastri R., Melone G. &amp; Taviani M. 1984. Systematic position of &quot; Trochus &quot; wiseri Calcara (Prosobranchia: Trochidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde 114: 125 - 136." type="journal article" year="1984">
Guidastri
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FB72F92CFA8868EF" box="[1258,1320,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FF25F94FFE7E68C9" author="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D." box="[189,478,1738,1764]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="937 - 946" refId="ref20329" refString="Reitano A. &amp; Scuderi D. 2021. A new species of Putzeysia Sulliotti, 1889 (Gastropoda Eucyclidae) from the Ionian Sea (Italy). Biodiversity Journal 12: 937 - 946. https: // doi. org / 10.31396 / Biodiv. Jour. 2021.12.4.937.946" type="journal article" year="2021">Reitano &amp; Scuderi 2021</bibRefCitation>
). The same applies to two extant species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FC7BF94EFBF368C9" authorityName="Sulliotti" authorityYear="1889" box="[995,1107,1739,1764]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FC7BF94EFBF368C9" box="[995,1107,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2CFFC2FB5FF94FFAD668C9" box="[1223,1398,1738,1764]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
(Engl &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FEBDF96EFE136928" author="Rolan E." box="[293,435,1771,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="93 - 98" refId="ref16950" refString="Engl W. &amp; Rolan E. 2009. Two new species of Putzeysia (Prosobranchia, Chilodontidae) from the Canary Islands. Iberus 27: 93 - 98." type="journal article" year="2009">Rolán 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FE50F969FD286928" baseAuthorityName="Calcara" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[456,648,1772,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wiseri">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FE50F969FD286928" box="[456,648,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia wiseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is common at mud volcanoes, and carbonate and coral mounds in the deep Gulf of Cadiz (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FE6CF888FD64690A" author="Genio L. &amp; Waren A. &amp; Matos F. L. &amp; Cunha M. R." box="[500,708,1805,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="5159 - 5170" refId="ref17321" refString="Genio L., Waren A., Matos F. L. &amp; Cunha M. R. 2013. The snails' tale in deep-sea habitats in the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic). Biogeosciences 10: 5159 - 5170. https: // doi. org / 10.5194 / bg- 10 - 5159 - 2013" type="journal article" year="2013">
Génio
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FDDBF88BFDDD690A" box="[579,637,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). The Middle Miocene (upper Langhian)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2CFFC2FB3FF88BFAD6690A" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[1191,1398,1805,1831]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Putzeysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FB3FF88BFAD6690A" box="[1191,1398,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Putzeysia diversii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be the earliest fossil record of the genus, previously known from the Messinian (uppermost Miocene) of
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2CFFC2FECDF8D5FE386947" box="[341,408,1872,1898]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2CFFC2FE3FF8D5FD246947" author="Barrier P. &amp; Zibrowius H. &amp; Lozouet P. &amp; Montenat C. &amp; Ott d'Estevou P. &amp; Serrano F. &amp; Soudet H. - J." box="[423,644,1872,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref15448" refString="Barrier P., Zibrowius H., Lozouet P., Montenat C., Ott d'Estevou P., Serrano F. &amp; Soudet H. - J. 1991. Une faune de fond dur du bathyal superieur dans le Miocene terminal des cordilleres Betiques (Carboneras, SE Espagne). Mesogee 51: 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1991">
Barrier
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FD9BF8D4FD966947" box="[515,566,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">et al</emphasis>
. 1991
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C2CFFC2FF25F815FBF869FA" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2CFFC2FF25F815FDDD6987" blockId="7.[189,637,1936,1962]" box="[189,637,1936,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">
<heading id="1B5881D19C2CFFC2FF25F815FDDD6987" bold="true" box="[189,637,1936,1962]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2CFFC2FF25F815FDDD6987" bold="true" box="[189,637,1936,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2CFFC2FF25F838FBF869FA" blockId="7.[189,1112,1981,2007]" box="[189,1112,1981,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">
Middle to Upper Miocene (upper Langhian to upper Tortonian), northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2CFFC2FB84F838FBF469FA" box="[1052,1108,1981,2007]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="122">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
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<mods:title id="93D3A09EF89B7CFAB195A97BFD53BC76">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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Reitano
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(2022)
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for a detailed discussion and re-description of the
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), by original designation.
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, pl. 1 fig. 37.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25FB10FBA96A82" blockId="4.[189,1033,1173,1199]" box="[189,1033,1173,1199]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FF25FB10FD016A82" ID-CoL="B3DDY" authority="Sacco, 1895: 18" authorityName="Sacco" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[189,673,1173,1199]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum" subGenus="Phasianema">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FF25FB10FEEE6A82" box="[189,334,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Phasianema</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FEC7FB10FE506A82" box="[351,496,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Phasianema</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FD99FB13FD016A82" box="[513,673,1174,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FD27FB10FCFD6A82" author="Moroni M. A." box="[703,861,1173,1199]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni 1966</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 4 figs 23.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C2FFFC1FF25FB53FD036B9F" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25FB53FE0A6ADD" blockId="4.[189,426,1238,1264]" box="[189,426,1238,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<heading id="1B5881D19C2FFFC1FF25FB53FE0A6ADD" bold="true" box="[189,426,1238,1264]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FF25FB53FE0A6ADD" bold="true" box="[189,426,1238,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25FA80FB366B6F" blockId="4.[189,1399,1284,1347]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C2FFFC1FF25FA80FB9E6B32" box="[189,1086,1284,1311]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Piante" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="MSF 2352, MSF 2353" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2FFFC1FF25FA80FEAF6B32" box="[189,271,1285,1311]" name="Italy" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FEB6FA81FDA36B33" bold="true" box="[302,515,1284,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2FFFC1FEB6FA81FDA36B33" box="[302,515,1284,1310]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 2 specs;
<location id="457060669C2FFFC1FD1BFA80FCA16B32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C2FFFC3FDDEFC6AFDEA6DB5:457060669C2FFFC1FD1BFA80FCA16B32" box="[643,769,1285,1311]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Piante" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Piantè</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C2FFFC1FC95FA80FC2B6B32" box="[781,907,1284,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">MSF 2352</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C2FFFC1FC4AFA80FB916B32" box="[978,1073,1285,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C2FFFC1FBDDFA80FE846B6F" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Piante" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="MSF 2352, MSF 2353" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C2FFFC1FBDDFA80FB636B32" box="[1093,1219,1284,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">MSF 2353</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C2FFFC1FA92FA80FAF46B32" box="[1290,1364,1285,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FF25FAADFE846B6F" bold="true" box="[189,292,1320,1346]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2FFFC1FF25FAADFE846B6F" box="[189,292,1320,1346]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C2FFFC1FEA5FAADFCFC6B6F" box="[317,860,1320,1346]" collectionCode="MSF" location="Le Colline" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="MSF 1230, MSF 2351" specimenCount="1">
2 specs;
<location id="457060669C2FFFC1FE3AFAADFD826B6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C2FFFC3FDDEFC6AFDEA6DB5:457060669C2FFFC1FE3AFAADFD826B6F" box="[418,546,1320,1346]" name="Le Colline" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Le Colline</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C2FFFC1FDB6FAADFD0B6B6F" box="[558,683,1320,1346]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">MSF 1230</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C2FFFC1FD69FAADFCEF6B6F" box="[753,847,1320,1346]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C2FFFC1FCFBFAADFB366B6F" box="[867,1174,1320,1347]" collectionCode="MSF" location="Le Colline" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" specimenCode="MSF 1230, MSF 2351" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C2FFFC1FCFBFAADFC406B6E" box="[867,992,1320,1347]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">MSF 2351</specimenCode>
(W =
<quantity id="87579B589C2FFFC1FBB3FAADFB2A6B6F" box="[1067,1162,1320,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25FAECFDDD6BAE" blockId="4.[189,637,1385,1411]" box="[189,637,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<heading id="1B5881D19C2FFFC1FF25FAECFDDD6BAE" bold="true" box="[189,637,1385,1411]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FF25FAECFDDD6BAE" bold="true" box="[189,637,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25FA1DFD036B9F" blockId="4.[189,675,1432,1458]" box="[189,675,1432,1458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
Middle to Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2FFFC1FDF0FA1DFD006B9F" box="[616,672,1432,1458]" name="Italy" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C2FFFC3FF25FA5CFDEA6DB5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25FA5CFE8F6BDE" blockId="4.[189,303,1497,1523]" box="[189,303,1497,1523]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<heading id="1B5881D19C2FFFC1FF25FA5CFE8F6BDE" bold="true" box="[189,303,1497,1523]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FF25FA5CFE8F6BDE" bold="true" box="[189,303,1497,1523]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2FFFC1FF25F98DFD6369E4" blockId="4.[188,1400,1544,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
This species was originally reported from the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FCADF98CFC26680F" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[821,902,1545,1570]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FCADF98CFC26680F" box="[821,902,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deposits by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FB8EF98DFB62680F" author="Moroni M. A." box="[1046,1218,1544,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni (1966)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FB7CF98DFEFD6868" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FB7CF98DFEFD6868" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Phasianema taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and was subsequently cited as such from other Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FBB9F9A9FBD26868" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[1057,1138,1580,1605]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FBB9F9A9FBD26868" box="[1057,1138,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sites in the Romagna Apennines (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FED3F9CBFDE76845" author="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[331,583,1614,1640]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="49 - 73" refId="ref20958" refString="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2019. La Vita nei mari prima del gesso: i &quot; calcari a Lucina &quot; e i carbonati preevaporitici di Monte Mauro. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Speleologia - Ser. II 34: 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="2019">Sami &amp; Taviani 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FDCAF9CBFCAB6845" author="Kiel S. &amp; Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[594,779,1614,1640]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="127 - 132" refId="ref18792" refString="Kiel S., Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2023. Unusual Miocene hydrocarbon-seep faunas from the Brisighella area in northern Italy: embedded in clastics and first records of the lucinid bivalves Megaxinus and Miltha. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68: 127 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 01021.2022" type="journal article" year="2023">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FD12F9CAFD656845" box="[650,709,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FC86F9CBFC196844" author="Sacco F." box="[798,953,1614,1641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" refId="ref20680" refString="Sacco F. 1895. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XVIII. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1895">Sacco (1895)</bibRefCitation>
introduced
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FBDAF9CBFEFC68A6" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="costatum" variety="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FBDAF9CBFAE46845" box="[1090,1348,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Phasianema costatum</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FF24F9F7FEFC68A6" box="[188,348,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for rare specimens from the Helvetian of Cinzano in the Turin hills (coll. Rovasenda).
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FF26F910FD836882" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[190,547,1685,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref16981" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1981. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte I. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 6: 1 - 327. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58567944 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1981">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FE12F910FE696882" box="[394,457,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">et al.</emphasis>
(1981)
</bibRefCitation>
indicated that fossils from Cinzano locality are late Miocene in age.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2FFFC1FF25F93DFECA68FF" author="Moroni M. A." box="[189,362,1720,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni (1966)</bibRefCitation>
wrote that compared to the variants of the
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2FFFC1FCFAF93DFC7668FF" box="[866,982,1720,1746]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C2FFFC1FB97F93DFBEF68FF" box="[1039,1103,1720,1746]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Loire</collectingRegion>
basins, and of the Italian Pliocene,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FEB7F95EFDC768D8" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" box="[303,615,1755,1781]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FEB7F95EFDC768D8" box="[303,615,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Phasianema taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(elevated to species level by her) differs in size, by having a thicker shell, different proportion between the spiral cords and the interspaces, growth striae on the cords and interspaces, a the clearer umbilicus that is well delimited by the last spiral cord, a columellar callus with a straight margin that is oblique to the axis and parallel to the direction of the umbilical rim, a much narrower subsutural depression due to the twisted coil and therefore a less slender general shape. We follow her interpretation and consider the respective specimens from the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FB04F809FB4D6988" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[1180,1261,1932,1957]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FB04F809FB4D6988" box="[1180,1261,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deposits as conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2FFFC1FE1CF82BFD1C69E5" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" box="[388,700,1966,1992]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2FFFC1FE1CF82BFD1C69E5" box="[388,700,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Phasianema taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2EFFC0FF25FE8CFC856CAE" blockId="5.[188,1399,265,643]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FEDCFE8CFDD26F0E" authority="Wood, 1842" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1842" box="[324,626,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FEDCFE8CFE756F0E" box="[324,469,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Phasianema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FE46FE8CFDD26F0E" author="Wood S. V." box="[478,626,265,291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="527 - 544" refId="ref22241" refString="Wood S. V. 1842. A catalog of shells from the Cray. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 1 9: 455 - 461, 527 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484209442810" type="journal article" year="1842">Wood, 1842</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, however, is a pyramidellid (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FC4CFE8CFB546F0E" author="van Aartsen J. J. &amp; Gittenberger E. &amp; Goud J." box="[980,1268,265,291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref21826" refString="van Aartsen J. J., Gittenberger E. &amp; Goud J. 1998. Pyramidellidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) collected during the Dutch CANCAP and MAURITANIA expeditions in the south-eastern part of the North Atlantic Ocean (part 1). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 321: 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1998">
van Aartsen
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FBF6FE8FFB0C6F0E" box="[1134,1196,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
), based on the Pliocene fossil
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FE34FEA9FCE16F6B" authority="Wood, 1842" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1842" box="[428,833,300,326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FE34FEA9FD3E6F6B" box="[428,670,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Phasianema sulcata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FD32FEA9FCE16F6B" author="Wood S. V." box="[682,833,300,326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="527 - 544" refId="ref22241" refString="Wood S. V. 1842. A catalog of shells from the Cray. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 1 9: 455 - 461, 527 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484209442810" type="journal article" year="1842">Wood, 1842</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as indicated by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FB82FEA8FAD36F6A" author="van Regteren Altena C. O." box="[1050,1395,300,327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="62 - 64" refId="ref21912" refString="van Regteren Altena C. O. 1956. The genus Phasianema in the Pliocene of Western Europe. Basteria 20: 62 - 64." type="journal article" year="1956">van Regteren Altena (1956)</bibRefCitation>
. We find it questionable that a thick-shelled species like
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FCFEFECAFB026F44" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" box="[870,1186,335,361]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FCFEFECAFB026F44" box="[870,1186,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Phasianema taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should belong to the pyramidellids, although its protoconch, which could provide more definitive evidence, remains unknown. The
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C2EFFC0FEF5FE13FE746F9D" box="[365,468,406,432]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FE63FE13FD486F9D" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1842" box="[507,744,406,432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FE63FE13FD486F9D" box="[507,744,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Phasianema sulcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FC08FE13FB856F9D" author="Wood S. V." box="[912,1061,406,432]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="527 - 544" refId="ref22241" refString="Wood S. V. 1842. A catalog of shells from the Cray. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 1 9: 455 - 461, 527 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484209442810" type="journal article" year="1842">Wood (1842</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5 fig. 15) is much higher spired than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FEDAFE3FFE5E6FFE" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" box="[322,510,442,467]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FEDAFE3FFE5E6FFE" box="[322,510,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">P. taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, has more numerous spirals with the typical “opisthobranch” pitted grooves, and the outer lip does not show the flaring, reinforced endings of the spiral ribs. Recently,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FB46FE59FAD56FDB" author="Kaim A." box="[1246,1397,476,502]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="323 - 374" refId="ref18053" refString="Kaim A. 2022. A review of gastropods at ancient hydrocarbon seeps. In: Kaim A., Landman N. H. &amp; Cochran J. K. (eds) Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps. Topics in Geobiology: 323 - 374. Springer, Cham. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 031 - 05623 - 9 _ 11" type="book chapter" year="2022">Kaim (2022)</bibRefCitation>
re-assigned the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FE47FD85FD906C34" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[479,560,512,537]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FE47FD85FD906C34" box="[479,560,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FD4DFE7AFC576C34" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" box="[725,1015,511,537]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FD4DFE7AFC576C34" box="[725,1015,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Phasianema taurocrassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the late Pliocene pyramidellid
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FF24FDA7FE136C11" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[188,435,546,572]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amathinidae" genus="Carinorbis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FF24FDA7FE136C11" box="[188,435,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Carinorbis clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, that species has high, angular spiral cords crossed by widely spaced axial (oblique) lamellae (see
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FD8CFDC3FCAC6C4D" author="Tabanelli C. &amp; Micali P. &amp; Bertaccini E. &amp; Bertamini R. &amp; Bongiardino C. &amp; Gardella F. &amp; Petracci P." box="[532,780,582,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref21166" refString="Tabanelli C., Micali P., Bertaccini E., Bertamini R., Bongiardino C., Gardella F. &amp; Petracci P. 2022. La malacofauna dello &quot; spungone &quot; Pyramidelloidea: Amanthinidae e Pyramidellidae - parte 1 a (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Pylopulmonata). Quaderno di Studi e Notizie di Storia Naturale della Romagna 55: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="2022">
Tabanelli
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FD12FDC2FD656C4D" box="[650,709,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 12) very unlike beaded spirals and fine, dense oblique striations of the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FDD2FDEFFD3B6CAE" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[586,667,618,643]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FDD2FDEFFD3B6CAE" box="[586,667,618,643]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D066359C2EFFC0FF25F8C4FCC169C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" startId="5.[189,232,1857,1883]" targetBox="[189,1398,787,1816]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2EFFC0FF25F8C4FCC169C5" blockId="5.[187,1399,1857,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FF25F8C4FEAE6976" bold="true" box="[189,270,1857,1883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Seguenzioidea A.E. Verrill, 1884 (
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FD2AF8C4FCC66976" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="1980" box="[690,870,1857,1883]" class="Gastropoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="119" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subClass" subClass="Vetigastropoda">Vetigastropoda</taxonomicName>
) from the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FBC7F8C7FB106976" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[1119,1200,1858,1883]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FBC7F8C7FB106976" box="[1119,1200,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seep deposits in northern Italy.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FEF5F8E1FE3E6953" bold="true" box="[365,414,1892,1918]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">AJ</emphasis>
. The cataegid
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FDD5F8E0FC5869AD" authority="(Sacco, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[589,1016,1893,1920]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FDD5F8E0FCE96952" box="[589,841,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Cataegis taurocrassa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2EFFC0FCC1F8E0FC4F69AD" author="Sacco F." box="[857,1007,1893,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" refId="ref20680" refString="Sacco F. 1895. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XVIII. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1895">Sacco, 1895</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FB9DF8E1FB9C6953" bold="true" box="[1029,1084,1892,1918]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">AD</emphasis>
. Complete specimen from Le Colline (MSF 1230).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FE79F80DFDB5698F" bold="true" box="[481,533,1928,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">EF</emphasis>
. Specimen partly embedded in rock matrix (MSF 2351).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FB21F80DFB56698F" bold="true" box="[1209,1270,1928,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">GH</emphasis>
. Complete specimen from Ca Piantè (MSF 2352).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FD11F82EFD1269E8" bold="true" box="[649,690,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">IJ</emphasis>
. Complete specimen from Ca Piantè (MSF 2353).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FA9BF82EFA9C69E8" bold="true" box="[1283,1340,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">KL</emphasis>
. The calliotropid
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2EFFC0FED4F84BFDA169C4" box="[332,513,1998,2025]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eucyclidae" genus="Calliotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="5" pageNumber="120" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2EFFC0FED4F84BFE7969C5" box="[332,473,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="120">Calliotropis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
from Ca Piantè (MSF 1076).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2DFFC3FF25FE8FFB696FDA" blockId="6.[188,1399,265,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">
We place
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FEA5FE8CFDDC6F0E" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1895" box="[317,636,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" genus="Phasianema" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FEA5FE8CFDDC6F0E" box="[317,636,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Phasianema taurocrassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the seguenzoid genus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FC5DFE8CFB8D6F0E" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[965,1069,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FC5DFE8CFB8D6F0E" box="[965,1069,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FBF3FE8CFACD6F0E" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1131,1389,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FBF3FE8CFACD6F0E" box="[1131,1389,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis taurocrassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) based on its overall shell shape; distinctive, nodular spiral ornament; and the oblique, circular aperture with callused inner lip. The genus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FDF3FED5FC7D6F44" authority="Waren &amp; Rouse, 2016" authorityName="Waren &amp; Rouse" authorityYear="2016" box="[619,989,335,362]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Kanoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FDF3FED5FD616F44" box="[619,705,336,361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Kanoia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FD54FED5FC7D6F44" author="Waren A. &amp; Rouse G. W." box="[716,989,335,362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="59 - 66" refId="ref22204" refString="Waren A. &amp; Rouse G. W. 2016. A new genus and species of Cataegidae (Gastropoda: Seguenzioidea) from eastern Pacific Ocean methane seeps. Novapex 17: 59 - 66." type="journal article" year="2016">Warén &amp; Rouse, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was introduced for
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FB40FED5FAE06F47" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[1240,1344,336,362]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FB40FED5FAE06F47" box="[1240,1344,336,362]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like species from Caribbean and tropical eastern Pacific deep-water methane-seeps, mainly based on radula characters (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FEDAFE13FDE36F9D" author="Waren A. &amp; Rouse G. W." box="[322,579,406,432]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="59 - 66" refId="ref22204" refString="Waren A. &amp; Rouse G. W. 2016. A new genus and species of Cataegidae (Gastropoda: Seguenzioidea) from eastern Pacific Ocean methane seeps. Novapex 17: 59 - 66." type="journal article" year="2016">Warén &amp; Rouse 2016</bibRefCitation>
). As pointed out earlier in the context of a species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FB3CFE13FAAC6F9D" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[1188,1292,406,432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FB3CFE13FAAC6F9D" box="[1188,1292,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Pliocene of the
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2DFFC3FEEDFE3CFE5C6FFE" box="[373,508,441,467]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Philippines</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FD92FE3CFDD26FFE" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[522,626,441,467]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FD92FE3CFDD26FFE" box="[522,626,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to have a higher, more conical spire whereas the spire of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FF26FE58FEB46FDB" authorityName="Waren &amp; Rouse" authorityYear="2016" box="[190,276,477,502]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Kanoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FF26FE58FEB46FDB" box="[190,276,477,502]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Kanoia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears somewhat dome-shaped (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FD3EFE59FCC26FDB" author="Kiel S. &amp; Aguilar Y. M. &amp; Kase T." box="[678,866,476,502]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="589 - 627" refId="ref18686" refString="Kiel S., Aguilar Y. M. &amp; Kase T. 2020. Mollusks from Pliocene and Pleistocene seep deposits in Leyte, Philippines. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65: 589 - 627. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00756.2020" type="journal article" year="2020">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FD79FE58FCBC6FDB" box="[737,796,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), unlike
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FC5FFE58FB626FDB" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[967,1218,477,503]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FC5FFE58FB626FDB" box="[967,1218,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis taurocrassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C2DFFC3FF25FD9BFDEA6DB5" blockId="6.[187,1399,542,920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">
The most distinctive features of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FDA8FD9BFD7C6C1A" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[560,732,542,568]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FDA8FD9BFD7C6C1A" box="[560,732,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">C. taurocrassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which clearly set it apart from other species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FA9EFD9BFACE6C15" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[1286,1390,542,568]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FA9EFD9BFACE6C15" box="[1286,1390,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, include the twisted coiling of the last whorl, the large umbilical slit, and the strongly nodular spiral ornament. Among the extant species,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FD14FDE1FBEC6C53" authority="Vilvens, 2016" authorityName="Vilvens" authorityYear="2016" box="[652,1100,612,638]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tallorbioides">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FD14FDE1FC366C53" box="[652,918,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis tallorbioides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FC39FDE1FBEC6C53" author="Vilvens C." box="[929,1100,612,638]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="67 - 76" refId="ref22013" refString="Vilvens C. 2016. New records and new species of Cataegis (Gastropoda: Seguenzioidea) from Solomon Islands. Novapex 17: 67 - 76." type="journal article" year="2016">Vilvens, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from
<quantity id="87579B589C2DFFC3FB38FDE1FA8A6C52" box="[1184,1322,612,639]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.68" metricValueMax="5.93" metricValueMin="5.43" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="568.0" valueMax="593.0" valueMin="543.0">543593 m</quantity>
depth around the
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2DFFC3FEA7FD02FDA36C8C" box="[319,515,647,673]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FD89FD02FD126C8C" author="Vilvens C." box="[529,690,647,673]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="67 - 76" refId="ref22013" refString="Vilvens C. 2016. New records and new species of Cataegis (Gastropoda: Seguenzioidea) from Solomon Islands. Novapex 17: 67 - 76." type="journal article" year="2016">Vilvens 2016</bibRefCitation>
), has perhaps the most distinct nodular ornament, though not as nodular as in
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FEE0FD2EFD846CE9" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[376,548,683,709]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FEE0FD2EFD846CE9" box="[376,548,683,709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">C. taurocrassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In most other extant species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FC04FD2EFBA46CE8" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[924,1028,683,709]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FC04FD2EFBA46CE8" box="[924,1028,683,709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the spiral ornament is granular rather than nodular (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FE37FD4BFD6C6CC5" author="McLean J. H. &amp; Quinn J. F. J." box="[431,716,718,744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref19466" refString="McLean J. H. &amp; Quinn J. F. J. 1987. Cataegis, new genus of three new species from the continental slope (Trochidae: Cataeginae new subfamily). The Nautilus 101: 111 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 17408" type="journal article" year="1987">McLean &amp; Quinn 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FD42FD4BFC356CCA" author="Fu I. - F. &amp; Sun C. - L." box="[730,917,717,744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref17241" refString="Fu I. - F. &amp; Sun C. - L. 2006. A new bathyal trochid from South China Sea. Bulletin of Malacology, Taiwan 30: 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="2006">Fu &amp; Sun 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FC3AFD4BFBE56CCA" author="Vilvens C." box="[930,1093,717,744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="67 - 76" refId="ref22013" refString="Vilvens C. 2016. New records and new species of Cataegis (Gastropoda: Seguenzioidea) from Solomon Islands. Novapex 17: 67 - 76." type="journal article" year="2016">Vilvens 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The Oligocene/Miocene species from the Caribbean region assigned to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FD4EFD74FC9E6D26" authorityName="McLean &amp; Quinn" authorityYear="1987" box="[726,830,753,779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FD4EFD74FC9E6D26" box="[726,830,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FC58FD74FEA26D03" authority="(Van Winkle, 1919)" baseAuthorityName="Van Winkle" baseAuthorityYear="1919" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="godineauensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FC58FD74FB766D26" box="[960,1238,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis godineauensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FB7DFD74FF596D03" author="Van Winkle K." pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="19 - 27" refId="ref21938" refString="Van Winkle K. 1919. Remarks on some new species from Trinidad. Bulletins of American Paleontology 8: 19 - 27." type="journal article" year="1919">Van Winkle, 1919</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, have rather strong spiral ridges that are only finely crenulated (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FC63FC91FB176D02" author="Gill F. L. &amp; Harding I. C. &amp; Little C. T. S. &amp; Todd J. A." box="[1019,1207,788,815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="191 - 209" refId="ref17380" refString="Gill F. L., Harding I. C., Little C. T. S. &amp; Todd J. A. 2005. Palaeogene and Neogene cold seep communities in Barbados, Trinidad and Venezuela: an overview. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 227: 191 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2005.04.024" type="journal article" year="2005">
Gill
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FBADFC90FBD16D03" box="[1077,1137,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FB5CFC91FF5D6D7F" author="Kiel S. &amp; Hansen B. T." pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="0140788" refId="ref18470" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Hansen B. T. 2015. Cenozoic methane-seep faunas of the Caribbean region. PLoS ONE 10: e 0140788. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0140788" type="journal article" year="2015">Kiel &amp; Hansen 2015</bibRefCitation>
), in contrast to the strong nodular ornament of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FC83FCBDFC686D7C" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[795,968,824,850]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taurocrassa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FC83FCBDFC686D7C" box="[795,968,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">C. taurocrassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The Pliocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C2DFFC3FBECFCBDFE616D58" authority="Kiel, Aguilar &amp; Kase, 2020" authorityName="Kiel, Aguilar &amp; Kase" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Cataegidae" genus="Cataegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seguenziida" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ramosi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FBECFCBDFA946D7C" box="[1140,1332,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Cataegis ramosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FAA5FCB2FE616D58" author="Kiel S. &amp; Aguilar Y. M. &amp; Kase T." pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="589 - 627" refId="ref18686" refString="Kiel S., Aguilar Y. M. &amp; Kase T. 2020. Mollusks from Pliocene and Pleistocene seep deposits in Leyte, Philippines. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65: 589 - 627. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00756.2020" type="journal article" year="2020">Kiel, Aguilar &amp; Kase, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C2DFFC3FD92FCDFFD2E6D59" box="[522,654,858,884]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">Philippines</collectingCountry>
differs by lacking an umbilical slit and having non-tuberculate spiral sculpture (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C2DFFC3FE19FCFBFD9E6DB5" author="Kiel S. &amp; Aguilar Y. M. &amp; Kase T." box="[385,574,894,920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="121" pagination="589 - 627" refId="ref18686" refString="Kiel S., Aguilar Y. M. &amp; Kase T. 2020. Mollusks from Pliocene and Pleistocene seep deposits in Leyte, Philippines. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65: 589 - 627. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00756.2020" type="journal article" year="2020">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C2DFFC3FE24FCFBFE576DB5" box="[444,503,894,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C30FFDEFDD6F901FC4668B2" ID-CoL="3WCHX" authority="(Sacco, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[590,998,1668,1695]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perusina">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFDD6F901FC9B68B3" bold="true" box="[590,827,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Lucinoma perusina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFCD3F900FC7D68B2" author="Sacco F." box="[843,989,1669,1695]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" refId="ref20794" refString="Sacco F. 1901. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXIX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1901">Sacco, 1901</bibRefCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C30FFDEFD4CF92DFCC068EF" box="[724,864,1704,1730]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFD4CF92DFCC068EF" blockId="27.[590,998,1668,1730]" box="[724,864,1704,1730]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C30FFDEFD4CF92DFCC068EF" box="[724,864,1704,1730]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-221@28.[189,1398,1009,1727]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 10. Lucinid bivalves from Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy.AD. Lucinoma perusina (Sacco, 1901). AB. Articulated specimen showing lunule and anterior adductor muscle scar, from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22316). C. Internal mold from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22317). D. Specimen with preserved shell sculpture from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22319).EG. Meganodontia hoernea (Des Moulins, 1868). EF. Complete specimen with some shell remains from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22321). G. Incomplete internal mold showing long and curved anterior adductor muscle scar, from Guzzano (MGGC 22320)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350739/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Fig. 10AD</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25F96CFCF4692E" blockId="27.[189,993,1769,1831]" box="[189,852,1769,1795]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
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<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C30FFDEFF25F96CFDDC692E" author="Sacco F." box="[189,636,1769,1795]" page="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" year="1901">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C30FFDEFF25F96CFDDC692E" ID-CoL="6CL3D" authority="Sacco, 1901: 83" authorityName="Sacco" authorityPageNumber="83" authorityYear="1901" box="[189,636,1769,1795]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Dentilucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perusina">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25F96CFE16692E" box="[189,438,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Dentilucina perusina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFE25F96CFDDC692E" author="Sacco F." box="[445,636,1769,1795]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" refId="ref20794" refString="Sacco F. 1901. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXIX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1901">Sacco, 1901: 83</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 19 figs 1214.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C30FFDEFF25F889FC99690B" ID-CoL="5NHNT" authority="Sacco, 1901" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1901" box="[189,825,1804,1831]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Dentilucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="perusina" variety="pseudorotunda">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25F889FE16690B" box="[189,438,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Dentilucina perusina</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFE77F889FD3E690B" box="[495,670,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">pseudorotunda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFD3EF889FC99690B" author="Sacco F." box="[678,825,1804,1830]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" refId="ref20794" refString="Sacco F. 1901. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXIX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1901">Sacco, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 21 fig. 15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25F8CBFBDC6945" blockId="27.[189,1399,1869,2001]" box="[189,1148,1869,1896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C30FFDEFF25F8CBFBDC6945" box="[189,1148,1869,1896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C30FFDEFF25F8CBFDE1694A" authority="Moroni 1966" box="[189,577,1870,1896]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Phacoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perusinus" subGenus="Lucinoma">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25F8CBFE976945" box="[189,311,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Phacoides</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFED0F8CBFE1D694A" box="[328,445,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Lucinoma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFE57F8CBFDE1694A" box="[463,577,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">perusinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C30FFDEFDC6F8CBFC886945" author="Moroni M. A." box="[606,808,1870,1896]" page="82" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFDC6F8CBFC886945" author="Moroni M. A." box="[606,808,1870,1896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni 1966: 82</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 5 figs 1, 3, pl. 6 figs 12.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25F8F4FDEA69A6" blockId="27.[189,1399,1869,2001]" box="[189,586,1905,1931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C30FFDEFF25F8F4FE5169A6" ID-CoL="7NJKF" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1828" box="[189,497,1905,1931]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Lucinidae
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFED7F8F4FE4D69A6" author="Taviani M." box="[335,493,1905,1931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" pagination="7 - 14" refId="ref21281" refString="Taviani M. 1996. La scoperta delle oasi di mare profondo nel Miocene italiano. Paleocronache 1996: 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">Taviani 1996</bibRefCitation>
:
</taxonomicName>
fig. 4b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25F810FE1369FC" blockId="27.[189,1399,1869,2001]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C30FFDEFF25F810FE1369FC" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C30FFDEFF25F810FE006983" ID-CoL="3WCHX" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[189,416,1941,1966]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perusina">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25F810FE006983" box="[189,416,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Lucinoma perusina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C30FFDEFE23F811FD476982" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[443,743,1940,1967]" page="453" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFE23F811FD476982" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[443,743,1940,1967]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani 2017: 453</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 89. —
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFC19F811FBDE6983" author="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." box="[897,1150,1940,1966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" pagination="49 - 73" refId="ref20958" refString="Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2019. La Vita nei mari prima del gesso: i &quot; calcari a Lucina &quot; e i carbonati preevaporitici di Monte Mauro. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Speleologia - Ser. II 34: 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="2019">Sami &amp; Taviani 2019</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1b. —
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C30FFDEFA9CF811FE8969FC" author="Kiel S. &amp; Sami M. &amp; Taviani M." pageId="27" pageNumber="142" pagination="127 - 132" refId="ref18792" refString="Kiel S., Sami M. &amp; Taviani M. 2023. Unusual Miocene hydrocarbon-seep faunas from the Brisighella area in northern Italy: embedded in clastics and first records of the lucinid bivalves Megaxinus and Miltha. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68: 127 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 01021.2022" type="journal article" year="2023">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFAA5F810FAD76983" box="[1341,1399,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2a, 3c.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C37FFD9FF25FE8DFB566F96" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C37FFD9FF25FE8DFE0A6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FE8DFE0A6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C37FFD9FF25FEB2FB566F96" blockId="28.[189,1399,311,443]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FF25FEB2FC7B6F7C" box="[189,987,311,338]" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Caselle C" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204849" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C37FFD9FF25FEB2FEAF6F7C" box="[189,271,311,337]" name="Italy" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FEB2FEB2FE5F6F7C" bold="true" box="[298,511,311,337]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C37FFD9FEB2FEB2FE5F6F7C" box="[298,511,311,337]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FD80FEB2FDDF6F7F" box="[536,639,311,338]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">13 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C37FFD9FD13FEB2FD5F6F7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C30FFD9FDD6F901FC406DBC:457060669C37FFD9FD13FEB2FD5F6F7C" box="[651,767,311,337]" country="Italy" name="Caselle C" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Caselle C</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FC92FEBDFC7B6F7C" box="[778,987,311,338]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">NRM Mo 204849</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FC6BFEB2FAD66F7C" box="[1011,1398,311,338]" collectionCode="MGGC" location="Guzzano" municipality="Guzzano" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="MGGC 22314" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FC6BFEB2FBEC6F7F" box="[1011,1100,311,338]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">3 specs</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="A074ACC79C37FFD9FBCFFEB2FB636F7C" box="[1111,1219,311,337]" name="Guzzano" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Guzzano</collectingMunicipality>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FB56FEB2FAD66F7C" box="[1230,1398,311,337]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">MGGC 22314</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FF48FEDFFDE56F58" box="[208,581,346,373]" collectionCode="MGGC" location="Casola" municipality="Casola" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="MGGC 22315" specimenCount="6">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FF48FEDFFE8B6F58" box="[208,299,346,373]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">6 specs</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="A074ACC79C37FFD9FEA1FEDFFE2D6F59" box="[313,397,346,372]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Casola</collectingMunicipality>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FE02FEDFFDE56F58" box="[410,581,346,373]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">MGGC 22315</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FDFAFEDFFE9A6FB5" collectionCode="MGGC" location="Castel di Casio" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="MGGC 22316" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FDFAFEDFFD1C6F58" box="[610,700,346,373]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">3 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C37FFD9FD52FEDFFC236F59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C30FFD9FDD6F901FC406DBC:457060669C37FFD9FD52FEDFFC236F59" box="[714,899,346,372]" name="Castel di Casio" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Castel di Casio</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FC09FEDFFB9B6F59" box="[913,1083,346,372]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">MGGC 22316</specimenCode>
(L = 37.6, H = 41.5, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C37FFD9FF25FEF8FE8D6FB5" box="[189,301,381,408]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.57" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="25.7">25.7 mm</quantity>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FEDBFEFBFCDD6FB5" box="[323,893,382,408]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="MGGC 22318" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FEDBFEFBFE4D6FB5" box="[323,493,382,408]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">MGGC 22318</specimenCode>
(L = 41; H = 38, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C37FFD9FC91FEFBFCD66FB5" box="[777,886,382,408]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="22.8">22.8 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FC02FEFBFDDE6F96" collectionCode="MGGC" location="Castiglion dei Pepoli" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="MGGC 22319" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FC02FEFBFBA46FB5" box="[922,1028,382,408]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">13 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C37FFD9FB8AFEF8FAB16FBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C30FFD9FDD6F901FC406DBC:457060669C37FFD9FB8AFEF8FAB16FBA" box="[1042,1297,381,407]" name="Castiglion dei Pepoli" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" stateProvince="Tuscany">Castiglion dei Pepoli</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FA86FEFBFEA66F96" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">MGGC 22319</specimenCode>
(L = 41.8, H = 43.2, W = 29.4).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C37FFD9FD03FE24FB566F96" box="[667,1270,416,443]" collectionCode="MGGC" location="Castiglion dei Pepoli" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="MGGC 22319" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FD03FE24FCA26F96" bold="true" box="[667,770,417,443]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C37FFD9FD03FE24FCA26F96" box="[667,770,417,443]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FC84FE24FC236F96" box="[796,899,417,443]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">29 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C37FFD9FC17FE24FBB06F96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C30FFD9FDD6F901FC406DBC:457060669C37FFD9FC17FE24FBB06F96" box="[911,1040,417,443]" name="Le Colline" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Le Colline</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C37FFD9FB83FE24FB526F96" box="[1051,1266,416,443]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">NRM Mo 204850</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C37FFD9FF25FE67FC496D0F" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C37FFD9FF25FE67FE8F6FD1" blockId="28.[189,303,482,508]" box="[189,303,482,508]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
<heading id="1B5881D19C37FFD9FF25FE67FE8F6FD1" bold="true" box="[189,303,482,508]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FE67FE8F6FD1" bold="true" box="[189,303,482,508]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C37FFD9FF25FD94FC496D0F" blockId="28.[189,1399,529,802]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FF25FD94FE056C07" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[189,421,529,554]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perusina">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FD94FE056C07" box="[189,421,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Lucinoma perusina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widespread in Miocene seep deposits in
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C37FFD9FC5AFD94FC596C06" box="[962,1017,529,555]" name="Italy" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Italy</collectingCountry>
, emphasized once more by the abundant new material reported here. The label associated with the specimens from Casola read “
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FF52FDDDFE436C5C" authority="Michlt" authorityName="Michelotti" authorityYear="1861" box="[202,483,599,625]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strigosa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF52FDDDFE256C5C" box="[202,389,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Lucina strigosa</emphasis>
Michlt
</taxonomicName>
”.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C37FFD9FE64FDD2FD0E6C5F" author="Chavan A." box="[508,686,599,626]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" pagination="515 - 516" refId="ref16294" refString="Chavan A. 1959. Quelques interessantes subdivisions. Cahiers Geologiques 53: 515 - 516." type="journal article" year="1959">Chavan (1959)</bibRefCitation>
assigned the Miocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FC51FDDDFAF56C5C" authority="Michelotti, 1861" authorityName="Michelotti" authorityYear="1861" box="[969,1365,599,625]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strigosa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FC51FDDDFB246C5C" box="[969,1156,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Lucina strigosa</emphasis>
Michelotti, 1861
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FF25FDFFFD886CB8" authority="Chavan, 1959" authorityName="Chavan" authorityYear="1959" box="[189,552,634,661]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Pseudolucinisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FDFFFEDD6CB9" box="[189,381,634,660]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Pseudolucinisca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C37FFD9FE1CFDFFFD886CB8" author="Chavan A." box="[388,552,634,661]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" pagination="515 - 516" refId="ref16294" refString="Chavan A. 1959. Quelques interessantes subdivisions. Cahiers Geologiques 53: 515 - 516." type="journal article" year="1959">Chavan, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C37FFD9FDC7FDFFFCD46CB9" author="Glover E. A. &amp; Taylor J. D." box="[607,884,634,660]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" pagination="443 - 457" refId="ref17448" refString="Glover E. A. &amp; Taylor J. D. 2008. Callucina and Pseudolucinisca (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Lucinidae) from Australia: revision of genera and description of three new species. Records of the Western Australian Museum 24: 443 - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.18195 / issn. 0312 - 3162.24 (4). 2008.443 - 457" type="journal article" year="2008">Glover &amp; Taylor (2008)</bibRefCitation>
questioned this placement, pointing out that
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FF25FD18FEDD6C9A" authorityName="Chavan" authorityYear="1959" box="[189,381,669,695]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Pseudolucinisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FD18FEDD6C9A" box="[189,381,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Pseudolucinisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a large, strongly asymmetrical lunule. The specimens from Casola are too poorly preserved to show much external sculpture or the lunule. But
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C37FFD9FC0FFD44FB986CF6" box="[919,1080,705,731]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
shows a long and elongate anterior adductor muscle scar, unlike that of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FD7BFD61FB0B6CD3" authority="(Tate, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[739,1195,740,766]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Pseudolucinisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lacteola">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FD7BFD61FBAE6CD3" box="[739,1038,740,766]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Pseudolucinisca lacteola</emphasis>
(Tate, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C37FFD9FB27FD61FB536CD3" box="[1215,1267,740,766]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FF25FC82FEDD6D0C" authorityName="Chavan" authorityYear="1959" box="[189,381,775,801]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Pseudolucinisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FC82FEDD6D0C" box="[189,381,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Pseudolucinisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and instead resembling that of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C37FFD9FD67FC8DFC426D0C" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[767,994,776,801]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perusina">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FD67FC8DFC426D0C" box="[767,994,776,801]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Lucinoma perusina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C37FFD9FF25FCCDFC406DBC" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C37FFD9FF25FCCDFDDD6D4E" blockId="28.[189,637,840,867]" box="[189,637,840,867]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
<heading id="1B5881D19C37FFD9FF25FCCDFDDD6D4E" bold="true" box="[189,637,840,867]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C37FFD9FF25FCCDFDDD6D4E" bold="true" box="[189,637,840,867]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C37FFD9FF25FCFDFC406DBC" blockId="28.[189,992,887,914]" box="[189,992,887,914]" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">
Upper Oligocene (upper Chattian) to Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C37FFD9FC3DFCF2FC7D6DBC" box="[933,989,887,913]" name="Italy" pageId="28" pageNumber="143">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
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<mods:title id="9292B4C24F769CAE7BDF3FACDE177A30">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8A16BB5E533F300C4E87260D303F16E6">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB94BD0BAD86E7D51C58235005D9C81A">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="991A89C7354391441CDCA771A6559050" type="email">steffen.kiel@nrm.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4442836D2BCC845B00AFE6FD5E2BF71D">Sami, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68486F121A276D4D2D22D805C85214BD">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6D6A29D201CB161F1C181FFF250A121" type="email">marco.sami@cheapnet.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="86254D932F9DACFBFCB6BD7FE22F8D8D">Taviani, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BCEFB98EFCC6DBA7C20EC596914631C9">Institute of Marine Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="99972FB5416D7AAECC253F3652EED534" type="email">marco.taviani@bo.ismar.cnr.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFD07FD65FCF96CD6" bold="true" box="[671,857,736,763]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Channelaxinus</emphasis>
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?
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sp.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25FCC0FE0A6D72" bold="true" box="[189,426,837,863]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Material examined</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C30FFDEFEB4FCF6FDA16DA0" box="[300,513,883,909]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
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;
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;
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Mo 204840 (L =
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.
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25FC30FEEE6DE2" bold="true" box="[189,334,949,975]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Description</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25FC66FB3D6A0C" blockId="27.[189,1399,995,1057]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Moderately inflated shell; umbones elevated, small, pointed, prosogyrate; posterior sulcus very close to posterodorsal margin, deep, bordered by sharp ridge; two faint, posterodorsal ridges.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25FBCDFE8F6A4F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1096,1122]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Remarks</emphasis>
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With its sharp posterior ridge and groove, and the faint, radial posterodorsal ridge, this specimen resembles
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF22FB1FFECA6A99" box="[186,362,1178,1204]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Channelaxinus</emphasis>
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from the Middle Miocene Ca Cavalmagra seep deposit (
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, fig. 5), and is hence tentatively place in
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. With about
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in length
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is notably larger than
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and 2 reported above.
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Middle Miocene, northern
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.
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Genus
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Dall, 1901
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species
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Genus
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Valentich-Scott &amp; Coan
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Valentich-Scott &amp; Coan
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFF25FD78FE0A6D3A" bold="true" box="[189,426,765,791]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C31FFDFFF25FCA9FBB96D6B" blockId="26.[189,1049,811,838]" box="[189,1049,811,838]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C31FFDFFF25FCA9FBB56D6B" box="[189,1045,811,838]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" specimenCode="MGGC 22312" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C31FFDFFF25FCA9FEAF6D6B" box="[189,271,812,838]" name="Italy" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFEB4FCAEFDA16D68" bold="true" box="[300,513,811,837]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C31FFDFFEB4FCAEFDA16D68" box="[300,513,811,837]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C31FFDFFD82FCA9FDCF6D6B" box="[538,623,812,838]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; Casola;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C31FFDFFD43FCA9FC236D6B" box="[731,899,812,838]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">MGGC 22312</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C31FFDFFC5CFCA9FBAD6D6B" box="[964,1037,812,838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="14D066359C31FFDFFF25F80DFCFC69C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350735" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350735/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" startId="26.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1398,925,1888]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C31FFDFFF25F80DFCFC69C5" blockId="26.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFF25F80DFEB2698F" bold="true" box="[189,274,1928,1954]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Thyasirid bivalves from Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFD4AF80CFC83698F" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[722,803,1929,1954]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFD4AF80CFC83698F" box="[722,803,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seep deposits in northern Italy.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFB59F80DFB59698F" bold="true" box="[1217,1273,1928,1954]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">AB</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFA96F80DFEA269E8" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFA96F80DFAD6698F" box="[1294,1398,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
, Castiglione dei Pepoli (MGGC 22311).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFCABF82EFCE869E8" bold="true" box="[819,840,1963,1989]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">C</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFCFCF82EFB8869E8" box="[868,1064,1963,1990]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFCFCF82EFC6C69E8" box="[868,972,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
, Casola (MGGC 22312).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFF25F84BFF5469C5" bold="true" box="[189,244,1998,2024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">DE</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFE9BF84BFE1369C5" authorityName="Valentich-Scott &amp; Coan" authorityYear="2012" box="[259,435,1998,2024]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Channelaxinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFE9BF84BFE1369C5" box="[259,435,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Channelaxinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? sp., Caselle A (NRM Mo 204840).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C30FFDEFF25FE8DFC156FB5" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25FE8DFEEE6F0F" blockId="27.[189,334,264,290]" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<heading id="1B5881D19C30FFDEFF25FE8DFEEE6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25FE8DFEEE6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25FEB2FC156FB5" blockId="27.[189,1399,311,408]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Small, little inflated, sub-triangular shell, surface with distinct, irregular growth increments, umbones elevated, pointed, slightly prosogyrate; posterior sulcus present, widening posteriorly, bordered by indistinct ridge; anterodorsal margin very long, slightly concave.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C30FFDEFF25FE3AFCBC6C2A" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25FE3AFDDD6FF4" blockId="27.[189,637,447,473]" box="[189,637,447,473]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
<heading id="1B5881D19C30FFDEFF25FE3AFDDD6FF4" bold="true" box="[189,637,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="142" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C30FFDEFF25FE3AFDDD6FF4" bold="true" box="[189,637,447,473]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C30FFDEFF25FE6BFCBC6C2A" blockId="27.[189,796,493,520]" box="[189,796,493,520]" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">
Lower Miocene (lower Burdigalian), northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C30FFDEFD78FE68FCB86C2A" box="[736,792,493,519]" name="Italy" pageId="27" pageNumber="142">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFDC6FA4FFC756BC9" blockId="25.[606,981,1481,1508]" box="[606,981,1481,1508]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<heading id="1B5881D19C32FFDCFDC6FA4FFC756BC9" box="[606,981,1481,1508]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" reason="2">
Genus
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD29FA4CFCBD6BC9" bold="true" box="[689,797,1481,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Thyasira</emphasis>
Lamarck, 1818
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<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C32FFDCFF25F98EFF5A6808" box="[189,250,1547,1573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Type</typeStatus>
species
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFF25F9BFFD926879" ID-CoL="7C22Y" authority="Montagu, 1803" authorityName="Montagu" authorityYear="1803" box="[189,562,1594,1620]" class="Bivalvia" family="Tellinidae" genus="Tellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25F9BFFED56879" box="[189,373,1594,1620]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Tellina flexuosa</emphasis>
Montagu, 1803
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
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Thyasirids are generally small and rare in the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFCD6FBF5FC3F6AA4" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[846,927,1136,1161]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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deposits. The only previous records are
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assigned to
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD9AFB17FD126A81" box="[514,690,1170,1196]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Channelaxinus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
from the Ca Cavalmagra site (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFBA7FB17FA926A81" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[1087,1330,1170,1196]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani 2017</bibRefCitation>
). This is a remarkable contrast to coeval seep deposits in both the Pacific and the Caribbean regions (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFA84FB30FEE46ADE" author="Amano K. &amp; Little C. T. S. &amp; Campbell K. A. &amp; Jenkins R. G. &amp; Saether K. P." pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="43 - 53" refId="ref15179" refString="Amano K., Little C. T. S., Campbell K. A., Jenkins R. G. &amp; Saether K. P. 2015. Paleocene and Miocene Thyasira sensu stricto (Bivalvia: Thyasiridae) from chemosynthetic communities from Japan and New Zealand. The Nautilus 129: 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="2015">
Amano
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25FB5CFF5B6ADF" box="[189,251,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFECBFB5DFE316ADF" author="Amano K. &amp; Kiel S. &amp; Hryniewicz K. &amp; Jenkins R. G." box="[339,401,1240,1266]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="267 - 321" refId="ref15238" refString="Amano K., Kiel S., Hryniewicz K. &amp; Jenkins R. G. 2022. Bivalvia in ancient hydrocarbon seeps. In: Kaim A., Landman N. H. &amp; Cochran J. K. (eds) Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps. Topics in Geobiology 53: 267 - 321. Springer, Cham. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 031 - 05623 - 9 _ 10" type="journal article" year="2022">2022</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFE38FB5DFD006ADE" author="Kiel S. &amp; Hansen B. T." box="[416,672,1240,1267]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="0140788" refId="ref18470" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Hansen B. T. 2015. Cenozoic methane-seep faunas of the Caribbean region. PLoS ONE 10: e 0140788. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0140788" type="journal article" year="2015">Kiel &amp; Hansen 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFD37FB5DFC216ADF" author="Hryniewicz K." box="[687,897,1240,1266]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="571 - 647" refId="ref17895" refString="Hryniewicz K. 2022. Ancient hydrocarbon seeps of the world. In: Kaim A., Landman N. H. &amp; Cochran J. K. (eds) Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps. Topics in Geobiology: 571 - 647. Springer, Cham. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 031 - 05623 - 9 _ 20" type="book chapter" year="2022">Hryniewicz 2022</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFC09FB5DFBF66ADF" author="Kiel S. &amp; Fernando A. G. &amp; Magtoto C. Y. &amp; Kase T." box="[913,1110,1240,1266]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="917 - 947" refId="ref18734" refString="Kiel S., Fernando A. G., Magtoto C. Y. &amp; Kase T. 2022. Mollusks from Miocene hydrocarbon-seep deposits in the Ilocos-Central Luzon Basin, Luzon Island, Philippines. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 67: 917 - 947. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00977.2022" type="journal article" year="2022">
Kiel
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFC56FB5CFBAC6ADF" box="[974,1036,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
), where large thyasirids typically assigned to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFE26FB7EFD7F6B38" authority="Gabb, 1866" authorityName="Gabb" authorityYear="1866" box="[446,735,1275,1301]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Conchocele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFE26FB7EFDE86B38" box="[446,584,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Conchocele</emphasis>
Gabb, 1866
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often dominate the assemblages. In the Cenozoic seep deposits of the Mediterranean region, only a few larger thyasirids reaching
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were reported from the Eocene Buje site in
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C32FFDCFE40FAC7FD8E6B71" box="[472,558,1346,1372]" name="Croatia" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Croatia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFDA7FAC7FCF36B70" author="Natalicchio M. &amp; Peckmann J. &amp; Birgel D. &amp; Kiel S." box="[575,851,1346,1373]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="444 - 459" refId="ref19710" refString="Natalicchio M., Peckmann J., Birgel D. &amp; Kiel S. 2015. Seep deposits from northern Istria, Croatia: a first glimpse into the Eocene seep fauna of the Tethys region. Geological Magazine 152: 444 - 459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756814000466" type="journal article" year="2015">
Natalicchio
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD49FAC6FCAB6B71" box="[721,779,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
2015
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), large thyasirids are absent from the Pliocene Stirone river seep deposit (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFD9DFAE0FCA56B52" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[517,773,1381,1407]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="557 - 568" refId="ref18593" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2018. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from the late Pliocene Stirone River hydrocarbon seep complex in northern Italy. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63: 557 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00473.2018" type="journal article" year="2018">Kiel &amp; Taviani 2018</bibRefCitation>
), and thyasirids tend to be small and uncommon at present-day Mediterranean seeps (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFDD7FA0DFCA36B8F" author="Olu K. &amp; Sibuet M. &amp; Fiala-Medoni A. &amp; Gofas S. &amp; Salas C. &amp; Mariotti A. &amp; Foucher J. - P. &amp; Woodside J." box="[591,771,1416,1442]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="1915 - 1936" refId="ref20030" refString="Olu K., Sibuet M., Fiala-Medoni A., Gofas S., Salas C., Mariotti A., Foucher J. - P. &amp; Woodside J. 2004. Cold seep communities in the deep eastern Mediterranean Sea: composition, symbiosis and spatial distribution on mud volcanoes. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Reserach Papers 51: 1915 - 1936. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr. 2004.07.004" type="journal article" year="2004">
Olu
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD1BFA0CFD1E6B8F" box="[643,702,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFC97FA0DFC0E6B8F" author="Taviani M." box="[783,942,1416,1442]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="69 - 83" refId="ref21451" refString="Taviani M. 2014. Marine chemosynthesis in the Mediterranean Sea. In: Goffredo S. &amp; Dubinsky Z. (eds) The Mediterranean Sea: Its History and Present Challenges: 69 - 83. Springer, Dordrecht. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 007 - 6704 - 1 _ 5" type="book chapter" year="2014">Taviani 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFD5DF9FEFCCF68B8" box="[709,879,1659,1686]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD5DF9FEFC9168BB" bold="true" box="[709,817,1659,1686]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C32FFDCFD44F91BFCF76894" box="[732,855,1694,1721]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFD44F91BFCF76894" blockId="25.[709,879,1659,1721]" box="[732,855,1694,1721]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C32FFDCFD44F91BFCF76894" box="[732,855,1694,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,925,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-139@26.[189,1398,925,1888]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 9. Thyasirid bivalves from Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AB. Thyasira sp. 1, Castiglione dei Pepoli (MGGC 22311). C. Thyasira sp. 2, Casola (MGGC 22312). DE. Channelaxinus? sp., Caselle A (NRM Mo 204840)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350735/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Fig. 9AB</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C32FFDCFF25F965FB7F6904" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25F965FE0A68D7" blockId="25.[189,426,1760,1786]" box="[189,426,1760,1786]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<heading id="1B5881D19C32FFDCFF25F965FE0A68D7" bold="true" box="[189,426,1760,1786]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25F965FE0A68D7" bold="true" box="[189,426,1760,1786]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25F88AFB7F6904" blockId="25.[189,1247,1806,1833]" box="[189,1247,1806,1833]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C32FFDCFF25F88AFB7A6904" box="[189,1242,1806,1833]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" specimenCode="MGGC 22311" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C32FFDCFF25F88AFEAF6904" box="[189,271,1807,1833]" name="Italy" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFEB4F88BFDA16905" bold="true" box="[300,513,1806,1832]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C32FFDCFEB4F88BFDA16905" box="[300,513,1806,1832]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C32FFDCFD82F88AFDCF6904" box="[538,623,1807,1833]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; Castiglione dei Pepoli;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C32FFDCFC16F88AFB956904" box="[910,1077,1807,1833]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">MGGC 22311</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C32FFDCFBE3F88AFB736904" box="[1147,1235,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C32FFDCFF25F8D5FBFD69F2" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25F8D5FEEE6947" blockId="25.[189,334,1872,1898]" box="[189,334,1872,1898]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<heading id="1B5881D19C32FFDCFF25F8D5FEEE6947" bold="true" box="[189,334,1872,1898]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25F8D5FEEE6947" bold="true" box="[189,334,1872,1898]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25F8FBFBFD69F2" blockId="25.[189,1398,1918,2015]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Small, well-inflated, smooth, rounded-pentagonal shell, about as long as high, umbones elevated, blunt, slightly prosogyrate; posterior sulcus close to posterodorsal margin, deep, bordered distinct, roundtopped ridge; submarginal sulcus narrow; anterodorsal margin slightly concave</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C31FFDFFF25FE8CFD1D6C2C" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C31FFDFFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" blockId="26.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
<heading id="1B5881D19C31FFDFFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C31FFDFFF25FEB2FD1D6C2C" blockId="26.[189,1399,311,514]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
The two species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFE3EFEB2FDAE6F7C" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1818" box="[422,526,311,337]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFE3EFEB2FDAE6F7C" box="[422,526,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reported here are all small, poorly preserved, and represented by a single specimen each, making a robust identification difficult. They are placed in
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFBB1FEDFFB316F59" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1818" box="[1065,1169,346,372]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFBB1FEDFFB316F59" box="[1065,1169,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to their overall shape and size, and the presence of a shallow posterior sinus. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFBFAFEF8FAB26FB5" box="[1122,1298,381,408]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFBFAFEF8FB6A6FBA" box="[1122,1226,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
appears to have a submarginal sulcus. The
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C31FFDFFDF9FE24FCB06F96" box="[609,784,417,443]" count="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
differ in inflation and outline:
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFB10FE24FA946F96" box="[1160,1332,417,443]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFB10FE24FB506F96" box="[1160,1264,417,443]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
from Castiglione dei Pepoli is more globular than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFD46FE41FC2B6FF3" box="[734,907,452,478]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFD46FE41FCE66FF3" box="[734,838,452,478]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
from Casola; the latter is taller (it has a longer anterior margin) than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C31FFDFFD97FE62FD186C2C" box="[527,696,487,514]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Thyasira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFD97FE62FDD76C2C" box="[527,631,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Thyasira</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C31FFDFFF25FDADFC786C5C" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C31FFDFFF25FDADFDDD6C6E" blockId="26.[189,637,552,579]" box="[189,637,552,579]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
<heading id="1B5881D19C31FFDFFF25FDADFDDD6C6E" bold="true" box="[189,637,552,579]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C31FFDFFF25FDADFDDD6C6E" bold="true" box="[189,637,552,579]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C31FFDFFF25FDDDFC786C5C" blockId="26.[189,984,599,626]" box="[189,984,599,626]" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">
Lower to Middle Miocene (Aquitanian to Langhian), northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C31FFDFFC05FDD2FC756C5C" box="[925,981,599,625]" name="Italy" pageId="26" pageNumber="141">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFDD5FCBBFC476D75" ID-CoL="7PS64" authority="(Mayer, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[589,999,830,857]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Acharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="doderleini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFDD5FCBBFC976D74" bold="true" box="[589,823,830,857]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Acharax doderleini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFCDEFCBAFC7E6D75" author="Mayer M. C." box="[838,990,830,857]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="358 - 373" refId="ref19419" refString="Mayer M. C. 1861. Description de coquilles fossiles des terrains tertiaires superieurs. Journal de Conchyliologie 9: 358 - 373. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 15608463 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1861">Mayer, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C33FFDDFF25FC26FCF66A68" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C33FFDDFF25FC26FD786D93" blockId="24.[189,728,931,958]" box="[189,728,931,958]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C33FFDDFF25FC26FD786D93" box="[189,728,931,958]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFF25FC26FD746D93" ID-CoL="8V2S2" authority="Mayer, 1861: 364 - 365" authorityName="Mayer" authorityPageNumber="364 - 365" authorityYear="1861" box="[189,724,931,958]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Solenomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="doderleini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF25FC26FE1E6D90" box="[189,446,931,957]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Solenomya doderleini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFE5DFC21FD746D93" author="Mayer M. C." box="[453,724,931,958]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="358 - 373" refId="ref19419" refString="Mayer M. C. 1861. Description de coquilles fossiles des terrains tertiaires superieurs. Journal de Conchyliologie 9: 358 - 373. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 15608463 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1861">Mayer, 1861: 364365</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C33FFDDFF25FC61FB7C6A0F" blockId="24.[189,1398,996,1094]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C33FFDDFF25FC61FB7C6A0F" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFF25FC61FE636DD3" ID-CoL="8V2S2" authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1861" box="[189,451,996,1022]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Solenomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="doderleini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF25FC61FE636DD3" box="[189,451,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Solenomya doderleini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C33FFDDFE70FC60FD176DD2" author="Sacco F." box="[488,695,997,1023]" page="128" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFE70FC60FD176DD2" author="Sacco F." box="[488,695,997,1023]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" refId="ref20794" refString="Sacco F. 1901. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXIX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1901">Sacco 1901: 128</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 27 figs 14. —
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C33FFDDFC22FC61FB016DD2" author="Merlino B." box="[954,1185,996,1023]" page="188" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFC22FC61FB016DD2" author="Merlino B." box="[954,1185,996,1023]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 272" refId="ref19523" refString="Merlino B. 2007. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte III. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 17: 1 - 272. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58566071 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="2007">Merlino 2007: 188</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 17 fig. 5. —
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C33FFDDFF72FB8DFD916A0F" author="Harzhauser M. &amp; Mandic O. &amp; Schlogl J." box="[234,561,1032,1058]" page="221" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFF72FB8DFD916A0F" author="Harzhauser M. &amp; Mandic O. &amp; Schlogl J." box="[234,561,1032,1058]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="211 - 231" refId="ref17778" refString="Harzhauser M., Mandic O. &amp; Schlogl J. 2011. A late Burdigalian bathyal mollusc fauna from the Vienna Basin (Slovakia). Geologica Carpathica 62: 211 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10096 - 011 - 0018 - 7" type="journal article" year="2011">
Harzhauser
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFEEFFB8CFE126A0F" box="[375,434,1032,1058]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 221
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 10.12. — Mikuž &amp; Gašparič 2016: 156, fig. 10.12.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C33FFDDFF25FBAEFCF66A68" blockId="24.[189,1398,996,1094]" box="[189,854,1067,1094]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C33FFDDFF25FBAEFCF66A68" box="[189,854,1067,1094]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFF25FBAEFE016A68" ID-CoL="7PS64" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[189,417,1067,1093]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Acharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="doderleini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF25FBAEFE016A68" box="[189,417,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Acharax doderleini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C33FFDDFE25FBAEFD446A68" author="Taviani M. &amp; Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A." box="[445,740,1067,1093]" page="1068" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFE25FBAEFD446A68" author="Taviani M. &amp; Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A." box="[445,740,1067,1093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="1067 - 1076" refId="ref21513" refString="Taviani M., Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A. 2011. Chemosynthetic bivalves of the family Solemyidae (Bivalvia, Protobranchia) in the Neogene of the Mediterranean Basin. Journal of Paleontology 85: 1067 - 1076. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 10 - 119.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
Taviani
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFD83FBA9FDF66A68" box="[539,598,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 1068
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 46.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="14D066359C33FFDDFF25F8C4FCB469C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350731" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350731/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" startId="24.[189,232,1857,1883]" targetBox="[189,1398,1250,1816]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C33FFDDFF25F8C4FCB469C5" blockId="24.[187,1399,1857,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF25F8C4FEAD6976" bold="true" box="[189,269,1857,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
Protobranch bivalves from Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFD48F8C7FC816976" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[720,801,1858,1883]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFD48F8C7FC816976" box="[720,801,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seep deposits in northern Italy.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFB39F8C4FB786976" bold="true" box="[1185,1240,1857,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">AD</emphasis>
. The nuculid
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFF26F8E0FD9C6952" authority="Bronn, 1831" authorityName="Bronn" authorityYear="1831" box="[190,572,1893,1919]" class="Bivalvia" family="Nuculidae" genus="Nucula" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF26F8E0FEB36952" box="[190,275,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Nucula</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFED1F8E0FE3E6952" box="[329,414,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">sulcata</emphasis>
Bronn, 1831
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFDD0F8E1FDFD6953" bold="true" box="[584,605,1892,1918]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">A</emphasis>
. MSF 2366.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFD61F8E0FCAC6952" bold="true" box="[761,780,1893,1919]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">B</emphasis>
. Right valve from Le Colline (MSF 1212).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFA89F8E1FA866953" bold="true" box="[1297,1318,1892,1918]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">C</emphasis>
. Right valve from Le Colline (MSF 1210).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFDC4F80DFDD1698F" bold="true" box="[604,625,1928,1954]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">D</emphasis>
. Left valve from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1311).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFB0DF80DFB69698F" bold="true" box="[1173,1225,1928,1954]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">EF</emphasis>
. The solemyid
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFF23F82EFDF969E8" authority="(Mayer, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[187,601,1963,1989]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Acharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="doderleini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF23F82EFE0269E8" box="[187,418,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Acharax doderleini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFE2EF82EFDF069E8" author="Mayer M. C." box="[438,592,1963,1989]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="358 - 373" refId="ref19419" refString="Mayer M. C. 1861. Description de coquilles fossiles des terrains tertiaires superieurs. Journal de Conchyliologie 9: 358 - 373. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 15608463 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1861">Mayer, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Ca Fornace erratics.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFC32F82EFC1E69E8" bold="true" box="[938,958,1963,1989]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">E</emphasis>
. External mold of right valve (MSF 2361).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFE88F84BFE8269C5" bold="true" box="[272,290,1998,2024]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">F</emphasis>
. Internal mold of right valve (MSF 2360).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C32FFDCFF25FE8DFD2E6F59" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25FE8DFE0A6F0F" blockId="25.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<heading id="1B5881D19C32FFDCFF25FE8DFE0A6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25FE8DFE0A6F0F" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25FEB2FD2E6F59" blockId="25.[189,1399,311,373]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C32FFDCFF25FEB2FBE66F7C" box="[189,1094,311,338]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Fornace" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" specimenCode="MSF 2360" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C32FFDCFF25FEB2FEAF6F7C" box="[189,271,311,337]" name="Italy" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFEB1FEB2FE5E6F7C" bold="true" box="[297,510,311,337]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C32FFDCFEB1FEB2FE5E6F7C" box="[297,510,311,337]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 3 specs;
<location id="457060669C32FFDCFDE1FEB2FCA96F7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C33FFDCFDD5FCBBFE7A6DFA:457060669C32FFDCFDE1FEB2FCA96F7F" box="[633,777,311,338]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Fornace" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Fornace</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C32FFDCFC8CFEB2FC306F7C" box="[788,912,311,337]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">MSF 2360</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C32FFDCFC55FEB2FB996F7C" box="[973,1081,311,337]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.64" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="46.4">46.4 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C32FFDCFBD4FEB2FAD76F7C" box="[1100,1399,311,338]" collectionCode="MSF" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" specimenCode="MSF 2361" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C32FFDCFBD4FEB2FB686F7C" box="[1100,1224,311,337]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">MSF 2361</specimenCode>
(L = 53.0 mm)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C32FFDCFF57FEDFFD2B6F59" box="[207,651,346,373]" collectionCode="NRM" location="Caselle A" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204848" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C32FFDCFF57FEDFFE886F58" box="[207,296,346,373]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C32FFDCFEACFEDFFE086F59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C33FFDCFDD5FCBBFE7A6DFA:457060669C32FFDCFEACFEDFFE086F59" box="[308,424,346,372]" name="Caselle A" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Caselle A</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C32FFDCFE2CFEDEFD2B6F59" box="[436,651,346,373]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">NRM Mo 204848</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C32FFDCFF25FE19FE676D45" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25FE19FE8F6F9B" blockId="25.[189,303,412,438]" box="[189,303,412,438]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
<heading id="1B5881D19C32FFDCFF25FE19FE8F6F9B" bold="true" box="[189,303,412,438]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25FE19FE8F6F9B" bold="true" box="[189,303,412,438]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C32FFDCFF25FE4FFE676D45" blockId="25.[187,1401,458,872]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">
See
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFF6DFE4FFD976FC9" author="Mikuz V. &amp; Gasparic R." box="[245,567,458,484]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="155 - 166" refId="ref19644" refString="Mikuz V. &amp; Gasparic R. 2014. Some rare fossils from Slovenske gorice, Slovenia. Geologija 57: 155 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.5474 / geologija. 2014.013" type="journal article" year="2014">Mikuž &amp; Gašparič (2014)</bibRefCitation>
for a more extensive synonymy.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFC7AFE4FFB436FC9" author="Taviani M. &amp; Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A." box="[994,1251,458,484]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="1067 - 1076" refId="ref21513" refString="Taviani M., Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A. 2011. Chemosynthetic bivalves of the family Solemyidae (Bivalvia, Protobranchia) in the Neogene of the Mediterranean Basin. Journal of Paleontology 85: 1067 - 1076. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 10 - 119.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
Taviani
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFBD0FE4EFB296FC9" box="[1096,1161,458,484]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
re-assigned “
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFF52FE68FE796C2A" authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1861" box="[202,473,493,520]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Solenomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="doderleini">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF52FE68FEEB6C2A" box="[202,331,493,519]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Solenomya</emphasis>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFEF8FE68FE796C2A" box="[352,473,493,519]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">doderleini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFD9AFE68FDC46C2A" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[514,612,493,519]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Acharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD9AFE68FDC46C2A" box="[514,612,493,519]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Acharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is followed here. They gave its geologic range in northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C32FFDCFF26FD94FF546C06" box="[190,244,529,555]" name="Italy" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Italy</collectingCountry>
as Early Miocene (Burdigalian) to Late Pliocene (Piacenzian). The new material documented here falls well within this geologic range. This species occurs mainly in deep-water marls and at methane seep deposits. Already
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFE17FDDDFDCC6C5F" author="Mayer M. C." box="[399,620,599,626]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="358 - 373" refId="ref19419" refString="Mayer M. C. 1861. Description de coquilles fossiles des terrains tertiaires superieurs. Journal de Conchyliologie 9: 358 - 373. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 15608463 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1861">Mayer (1861: 365)</bibRefCitation>
wrote “I have found this [species] in the layer with large globular
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFF25FDFEFEB86CB9" box="[189,280,635,660]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Lucines</emphasis>
, forming the base of the Tortonian stage, at Pino, near Torino”, indicating the association of this species with members of the chemosymbiotic bivalve family
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFC4BFD18FBEB6C9A" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1828" box="[979,1099,669,695]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Lucinidae</taxonomicName>
, probably
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFB56FD18FE7A6CF6" authority="Bouchet &amp; Cosel, 2004" authorityName="Bouchet &amp; Cosel" authorityYear="2004" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Meganodontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFB56FD18FAD96C9A" box="[1230,1401,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Meganodontia</emphasis>
Bouchet &amp; Cosel, 2004
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFD9FFD44FCA76CF6" authority="Dall, 1901" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1901" box="[519,775,705,731]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFD9FFD44FDDC6CF7" box="[519,636,705,730]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Lucinoma</emphasis>
Dall, 1901
</taxonomicName>
, as in many Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFB85FD44FBCE6CF7" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[1053,1134,705,730]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFB85FD44FBCE6CF7" box="[1053,1134,705,730]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seep deposits. Whilst frequently found in Mio-Pliocene deep-sea reducing sediments of the Italian Peninsula,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFB6CFD61FAF76CD3" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[1268,1367,740,766]" class="Bivalvia" family="Solemyidae" genus="Acharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Solemyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFB6CFD61FAF76CD3" box="[1268,1367,740,766]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Acharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is by contrast rarely found in Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C32FFDCFDE6FC8DFD6F6D0C" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[638,719,776,801]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFDE6FC8DFD6F6D0C" box="[638,719,776,801]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deposits (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C32FFDCFCD0FC82FB906D0C" author="Taviani M. &amp; Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A." box="[840,1072,775,801]" pageId="25" pageNumber="140" pagination="1067 - 1076" refId="ref21513" refString="Taviani M., Angeletti L. &amp; Ceregato A. 2011. Chemosynthetic bivalves of the family Solemyidae (Bivalvia, Protobranchia) in the Neogene of the Mediterranean Basin. Journal of Paleontology 85: 1067 - 1076. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 10 - 119.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
Taviani
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C32FFDCFC36FC8DFC496D0C" box="[942,1001,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
). In the erratics found near CaFornace,
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is associated with a few specimens of the lucinid
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.
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Neogene, northern
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFF25FCD7FCFD6D40" box="[189,861,850,877]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFF25FCD7FCA06D40" authority="Kiel &amp; Taviani, 2017: 459" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Taviani" authorityPageNumber="459" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,768,850,877]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Archivesica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strigarum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25FCD7FE626D41" box="[189,450,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Archivesica strigarum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C34FFDAFE51FCD7FCA06D40" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[457,768,850,877]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani, 2017: 459</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 13.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFF25FC16FDF76A4B" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FC16FE0A6D80" blockId="31.[189,426,915,941]" box="[189,426,915,941]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25FC16FE0A6D80" bold="true" box="[189,426,915,941]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FC47FDF76A4B" blockId="31.[189,1399,961,1127]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFF25FC47FC5B6DF6" box="[189,1019,961,988]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Castel di Casio" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22322" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C34FFDAFF25FC47FEAF6DF1" box="[189,271,962,988]" name="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFEABFC44FDA86DF6" bold="true" box="[307,520,961,987]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C34FFDAFEABFC44FDA86DF6" box="[307,520,961,987]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C34FFDAFDBBFC44FDDA6DF1" box="[547,634,961,988]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C34FFDAFD11FC44FCE26DF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C34FFDAFD8CFD6BFC4C6B81:457060669C34FFDAFD11FC44FCE26DF6" box="[649,834,961,987]" country="Italy" name="Castel di Casio" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Castel di Casio</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFCC9FC44FC5B6DF6" box="[849,1019,961,987]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22322</specimenCode>
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFB81FC44FD376DD3" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Castillon dei Pepoli" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22323" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C34FFDAFB81FC44FBD46DF1" box="[1049,1140,961,988]" count="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="generic">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C34FFDAFB1AFC44FAD26DF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C34FFDAFD8CFD6BFC4C6B81:457060669C34FFDAFB1AFC44FAD26DF6" box="[1154,1394,961,987]" country="Italy" name="Castillon dei Pepoli" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Castillon dei Pepoli</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFF25FC61FEC66DD3" box="[189,358,996,1022]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22323</specimenCode>
(L = 79.8, H =
<quantity id="87579B589C34FFDAFDBCFC61FD306DD3" box="[548,656,996,1022]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="39.8">39.8 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFD2AFC61FED26A0C" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Caselle A" municipality="Mo" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204841, NRM Mo 204842, NRM Mo 204843" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C34FFDAFD2AFC61FCBB6DD2" box="[690,795,996,1023]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">13 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C34FFDAFCB0FC61FC3D6DD3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C34FFDAFD8CFD6BFC4C6B81:457060669C34FFDAFCB0FC61FC3D6DD3" box="[808,925,996,1022]" country="Italy" municipality="Mo" name="Caselle A" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Caselle A</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFC32FC60FBDE6DD3" box="[938,1150,996,1023]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">NRM Mo 204841</specimenCode>
(L = 73.2, H = 38.8, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C34FFDAFF60FB82FEC56A0C" box="[248,357,1031,1057]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="27.8">27.8 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFEE1FB82FDF36A0C" box="[377,595,1031,1057]" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Caselle A" municipality="Mo" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204841, NRM Mo 204842, NRM Mo 204843" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFEE1FB82FDEF6A0C" box="[377,591,1031,1057]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">NRM Mo 204842</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFDC3FB82FC8E6A0C" box="[603,814,1031,1057]" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Caselle A" municipality="Mo" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204841, NRM Mo 204842, NRM Mo 204843" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFDC3FB82FC8E6A0C" box="[603,814,1031,1057]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">NRM Mo 204843</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFCD0FB82FEDC6A6E" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Casola" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22326" specimenCount="13" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C34FFDAFCD0FB82FC106A0C" box="[840,944,1031,1057]" count="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="generic">13 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C34FFDAFC24FB82FBB06A0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C34FFDAFD8CFD6BFC4C6B81:457060669C34FFDAFC24FB82FBB06A0C" box="[956,1040,1031,1057]" country="Italy" name="Casola" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Casola</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFB84FB82FB646A0C" box="[1052,1220,1031,1057]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22326</specimenCode>
(L = 41.5, H = 23.5, W = 13.3),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFE1BFBACFC006A6E" box="[387,928,1065,1092]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22325" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFE1BFBACFD8B6A69" box="[387,555,1065,1092]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22325</specimenCode>
(L = 45.0, H = 27.0, W = 16.1),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFC3FFBACFAD76A6E" box="[935,1399,1065,1092]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22324" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFC3FFBACFBEF6A6E" box="[935,1103,1065,1091]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22324</specimenCode>
(L = 48.6, H =
<quantity id="87579B589C34FFDAFA9DFBACFACF6A6E" box="[1285,1391,1065,1091]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="27.4">27.4 mm</quantity>
)
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFF56FBC9FDF36A4B" box="[206,595,1100,1127]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Guzzano" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22328" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C34FFDAFF56FBC9FE836A4A" box="[206,291,1100,1127]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C34FFDAFEB7FBC9FE3B6A4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C34FFDAFD8CFD6BFC4C6B81:457060669C34FFDAFEB7FBC9FE3B6A4B" box="[303,411,1100,1126]" country="Italy" name="Guzzano" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Guzzano</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFE3FFBC9FDF36A4B" box="[423,595,1100,1126]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22328</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFF25FB08FAFC6B10" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FB08FE8F6A8A" blockId="31.[189,303,1165,1191]" box="[189,303,1165,1191]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="1B5881D19C34FFDAFF25FB08FE8F6A8A" bold="true" box="[189,303,1165,1191]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25FB08FE8F6A8A" bold="true" box="[189,303,1165,1191]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FB3EFAFC6B10" blockId="31.[187,1400,1211,1341]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFF25FB3EFE616AF8" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,449,1211,1237]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Archivesica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strigarum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25FB3EFE616AF8" box="[189,449,1211,1237]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Archivesica strigarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was initially described based on only a few specimens from the Middle Miocene Sasso delle Streghe and Deruta localities (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C34FFDAFD2BFB58FC0F6AD5" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[691,943,1245,1272]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani 2017</bibRefCitation>
), but our new collections indicate that this species is quite common in the Middle Miocene seep deposits in
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C34FFDAFC40FA85FBB06B37" box="[984,1040,1280,1306]" name="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Italy</collectingCountry>
. The new specimens illustrated here show the previously only poorly known external surface and provide a better view on the hinge.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFF25FAE6FC4C6B81" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FAE6FDDD6B53" blockId="31.[189,637,1379,1406]" box="[189,637,1379,1406]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="1B5881D19C34FFDAFF25FAE6FDDD6B53" bold="true" box="[189,637,1379,1406]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25FAE6FDDD6B53" bold="true" box="[189,637,1379,1406]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FA17FC4C6B81" blockId="31.[189,1004,1426,1452]" box="[189,1004,1426,1452]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
Upper Oligocene (upper Chattian) to Middle Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C34FFDAFC28FA17FC486B81" box="[944,1000,1426,1452]" name="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
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<mods:title id="9AE42D04A86904EB684FC70925A396EB">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1EA1F583F140D307C36A87E21C560EC0">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8AA43D94AF73CD488DD31896803FBA35">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C099750BDBBC1C64A642892D4CA920A3">Sami, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AD7D745BEB8A7089987421358BDC182D">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FEED6620FF61BB98EF95C0A9D71F0417">Institute of Marine Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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Genus
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFD3EF907FC2D68B0" blockId="31.[678,909,1666,1727]" box="[678,909,1666,1693]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="1B5881D19C34FFDAFD3EF907FC2D68B0" box="[678,909,1666,1693]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFD3EF907FC2D68B0" ID-CoL="7PL2R" authorityName="Cosel &amp; Olu" authorityYear="2009" box="[678,909,1666,1693]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Wareniconcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFD3EF907FCC568B1" bold="true" box="[678,869,1666,1693]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFD3EF907FCF568B0" bold="true" box="[678,853,1666,1693]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Wareniconcha</emphasis>
?
</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFD46F920FCF66892" box="[734,854,1701,1727]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFD46F920FCF66892" blockId="31.[678,909,1666,1727]" box="[734,854,1701,1727]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C34FFDAFD46F920FCF66892" box="[734,854,1701,1727]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,836,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-143@32.[189,1398,836,1710]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 12. Vesicomyid bivalves from Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AH. Archivesica strigarum Kiel &amp; Taviani, 2017.AB. Articulated specimen from Caselle A (NRM Mo 204841). C. Hinge of RV (Caselle A, NRM Mo 204842). D. Hinge of LV (Caselle A, NRM Mo 204843). E. Articulated specimen from Casola showing ligament (MGGC 22325). F. Articulated specimen from Casola, view on RV showing anterior adductor muscle scar (MGGC 22326). G. Internal mold of RV showing muscle scars and pallial line, from Castillon dei Pepoli (MGGC 22323).H. Left valve with shell remains, from Casola (MGGC 22324). IJ. Wareniconcha? sp., external view on articulated specimen from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22329)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350747/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Fig. 12IJ</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFF25F963FAD76903" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25F963FE0A692D" blockId="31.[189,426,1766,1792]" box="[189,426,1766,1792]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="1B5881D19C34FFDAFF25F963FE0A692D" bold="true" box="[189,426,1766,1792]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25F963FE0A692D" bold="true" box="[189,426,1766,1792]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25F891FAD76903" blockId="31.[189,1399,1812,1839]" box="[189,1399,1812,1839]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C34FFDAFF25F891FAD26903" box="[189,1394,1812,1839]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Castel di Casio" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MGGC 22329" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C34FFDAFF25F891FEAF6903" box="[189,271,1812,1838]" name="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFEB0F891FE5D6903" bold="true" box="[296,509,1812,1838]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C34FFDAFEB0F891FE5D6903" box="[296,509,1812,1838]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C34FFDAFD8DF891FDC86902" box="[533,616,1812,1839]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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Castel
<collectorName id="ED5A536B9C34FFDAFD5AF891FC856903" box="[706,805,1812,1838]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">di Casio</collectorName>
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;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C34FFDAFCA8F891FC776903" box="[816,983,1812,1838]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">MGGC 22329</specimenCode>
(L = 31.0, H = 26.8, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C34FFDAFB66F891FACB6903" box="[1278,1387,1812,1839]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.58" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="15.8">15.8 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFE5FF25F8D0FB8E6F6B" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25F8D0FEEE6942" blockId="31.[189,334,1877,1903]" box="[189,334,1877,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="1B5881D19C34FFDAFF25F8D0FEEE6942" bold="true" box="[189,334,1877,1903]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25F8D0FEEE6942" bold="true" box="[189,334,1877,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFE5FF25F806FB8E6F6B" blockId="31.[189,1399,1923,2020]" lastBlockId="32.[189,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Shell outline roundish-oval, umbo elevated, blunt; anterior margin acutely rounded, ventral margin convex; anterior adductor muscle scar elongate-oval; pallial line crenulate, close and parallel to ventral margin; no pallial sinus, but at its posterior end, the pallial line curves sharply upward and attaches to posterior adductor muscle scar at its anterior side. Shell with fine, radial, internal striations; posterior adductor muscle scar bound anteriorly by weak but distinct posterior ridge.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C0BFFE5FF25FEEBFD4D6C4A" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" type="discussion">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C0BFFE5FF25FEEBFE8F6FA5" bold="true" box="[189,303,366,392]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0BFFE5FF25FEEBFE8F6FA5" bold="true" box="[189,303,366,392]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C0BFFE5FF25FE19FD4D6C4A" blockId="32.[189,1399,412,615]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">
This shell is insufficiently preserved for a confident assignment to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0BFFE5FC4EFE19FBDD6F9B" authorityName="Cosel &amp; Olu" authorityYear="2009" box="[982,1149,412,438]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Wareniconcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0BFFE5FC4EFE19FBDD6F9B" box="[982,1149,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Wareniconcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: it lacks the external shell and hence the lunule and escutcheon remain unknown; the posterior margin is broken off; and the hinge dentition cannot be examined. However, overall the shell is very similar to the
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C0BFFE5FB7EFE66FAB96FD0" box="[1254,1305,483,509]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0BFFE5FF27FD83FD036C0D" authority="(Thiele, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Thiele" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[191,675,518,544]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Wareniconcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0BFFE5FF27FD83FE4C6C0D" box="[191,492,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Wareniconcha guineensis</emphasis>
(Thiele, 1931)
</taxonomicName>
. It certainly is too short and has a too narrow and elongate anterior adductor muscle scar to be an aberrant specimen of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0BFFE5FC1AFDACFAD36C6E" authority="Kiel &amp; Taviani, 2017" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2017" box="[898,1395,553,579]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Archivesica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aharoni">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0BFFE5FC1AFDACFBCF6C6E" box="[898,1135,553,579]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Archivesica aharoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C0BFFE5FBEEFDACFAD36C6E" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[1142,1395,553,579]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani, 2017</bibRefCitation>
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, or other Italian Miocene species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C0BFFE5FDC4FDC9FD456C4B" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[604,741,588,614]" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" genus="Archivesica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0BFFE5FDC4FDC9FD456C4B" box="[604,741,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Archivesica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C0BFFE5FF25FD08FB216CFB" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C0BFFE5FF25FD08FDDD6C85" blockId="32.[189,637,653,680]" box="[189,637,653,680]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">
<heading id="1B5881D19C0BFFE5FF25FD08FDDD6C85" bold="true" box="[189,637,653,680]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="147" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C0BFFE5FF25FD08FDDD6C85" bold="true" box="[189,637,653,680]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C0BFFE5FF25FD38FB216CFB" blockId="32.[189,1153,700,727]" box="[189,1153,700,727]" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">
Upper Oligocene (upper Chattian) to Lower Miocene (Aquitanian), northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C0BFFE5FBDDFD39FBDD6CFB" box="[1093,1149,700,726]" name="Italy" pageId="32" pageNumber="147">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A9D8B16FA03CA8BA9EA1EFB2D1E82BC3">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="07F6B351E6446A03A6F711A54C12DB5A">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="189884C925F90157525F0982202EB09B">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F6FAA4B5CEFF8EC303E5D334B5C590DB">Institute of Marine Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FDC5FE8DFCAD6F0E" bold="true" box="[605,781,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Meganodontia</emphasis>
Bouchet &amp; Cosel, 2004
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<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C36FFD8FF25FECEFF5A6F48" box="[189,250,331,357]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25FEFCFB986FBE" blockId="29.[189,1080,377,403]" box="[189,1080,377,403]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C36FFD8FF25FEFCFCB66FBE" ID-CoL="3YWG5" authority="Bouchet &amp; Cosel, 2004" authorityName="Bouchet &amp; Cosel" authorityYear="2004" box="[189,790,377,403]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Meganodontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acetabulum">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF25FEFCFE586FBE" box="[189,504,377,403]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Meganodontia acetabulum</emphasis>
Bouchet &amp; Cosel, 2004
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
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<mods:title id="E950CA44428CBE4AD03BBE5D1E084DEF">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="723F7EC7AF8976DE4B5A78ECAA72DFA6">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="243947F2D18BC23E60A12D8AA357EBE0">Sami, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="84A0E667FA9B41825CA897A199B58BE5">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFD8FD97FE3CFB846FFE" box="[527,1060,441,468]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FD97FE3CFB846FFE" blockId="29.[527,1060,441,502]" box="[527,1060,441,468]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<heading id="1B5881D19C36FFD8FD97FE3CFB846FFE" box="[527,1060,441,468]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C36FFD8FD97FE3CFB846FFE" ID-CoL="3YWG7" authority="(Des Moulins, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Des Moulins" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[527,1060,441,468]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Meganodontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernea">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FD97FE3CFC896FF9" bold="true" box="[527,809,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Meganodontia hoernea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C36FFD8FCA1FE3CFBBC6FFE" author="Des Moulins C." box="[825,1052,441,467]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="357 - 379" refId="ref16835" refString="Des Moulins C. 1868. Descriptions et figures de quelques coquilles fossiles du terrain tertiaire et de la craie (Gironde, Dordogne, Royan). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 26: 357 - 379. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34123467 [accessed 23 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1868">Des Moulins, 1868</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFD8FD4DFE5EFCFE6FDB" box="[725,862,475,502]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FD4DFE5EFCFE6FDB" blockId="29.[527,1060,441,502]" box="[725,862,475,502]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C36FFD8FD4DFE5EFCFE6FDB" box="[725,862,475,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-221@28.[189,1398,1009,1727]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 10. Lucinid bivalves from Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy.AD. Lucinoma perusina (Sacco, 1901). AB. Articulated specimen showing lunule and anterior adductor muscle scar, from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22316). C. Internal mold from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22317). D. Specimen with preserved shell sculpture from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22319).EG. Meganodontia hoernea (Des Moulins, 1868). EF. Complete specimen with some shell remains from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22321). G. Incomplete internal mold showing long and curved anterior adductor muscle scar, from Guzzano (MGGC 22320)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350739/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Fig. 10EG</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFD8FF25FD99FE146C85" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25FD99FE0A6C1B" blockId="29.[189,426,540,566]" box="[189,426,540,566]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<heading id="1B5881D19C36FFD8FF25FD99FE0A6C1B" bold="true" box="[189,426,540,566]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF25FD99FE0A6C1B" bold="true" box="[189,426,540,566]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25FDCCFE146C85" blockId="29.[189,1399,585,680]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C36FFD8FF25FDCCFBE26C4E" box="[189,1090,585,612]" collectionCode="MGGC" collectorName="Guzzano" country="Italy" location="Guzzano" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" specimenCode="MGGC 22320" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C36FFD8FF25FDCCFEAF6C4E" box="[189,271,585,611]" name="Italy" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FEB2FDCCFE5F6C4E" bold="true" box="[298,511,585,611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C36FFD8FEB2FDCCFE5F6C4E" box="[298,511,585,611]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C36FFD8FD80FDCCFDCC6C49" box="[536,620,585,612]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C36FFD8FDE0FDCCFD446C4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C36FFD8FD97FE3CFC6B6DC6:457060669C36FFD8FDE0FDCCFD446C4E" box="[632,740,585,611]" country="Italy" name="Guzzano" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Guzzano</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C36FFD8FD77FDCCFC376C4E" box="[751,919,585,611]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">MGGC 22320</specimenCode>
(L = 50+ mm)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C36FFD8FBC2FDCCFCCF6CAB" collectionCode="MGGC" collectorName="di Casio" country="Italy" location="Castel di Casio" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" specimenCode="MGGC 22321" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C36FFD8FBC2FDCCFB126C49" box="[1114,1202,585,612]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C36FFD8FB26FDCCFAD16C4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C36FFD8FD97FE3CFC6B6DC6:457060669C36FFD8FB26FDCCFAD16C4E" box="[1214,1393,585,611]" country="Italy" name="Castel di Casio" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Castel di Casio</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C36FFD8FF25FDE9FEC56CAB" box="[189,357,620,646]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">MGGC 22321</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C36FFD8FEEEFDEEFE416CAB" box="[374,481,619,646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-221@28.[189,1398,1009,1727]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 10. Lucinid bivalves from Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy.AD. Lucinoma perusina (Sacco, 1901). AB. Articulated specimen showing lunule and anterior adductor muscle scar, from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22316). C. Internal mold from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22317). D. Specimen with preserved shell sculpture from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22319).EG. Meganodontia hoernea (Des Moulins, 1868). EF. Complete specimen with some shell remains from Castel di Casio (MGGC 22321). G. Incomplete internal mold showing long and curved anterior adductor muscle scar, from Guzzano (MGGC 22320)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350739/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
: L = 78, H = 79.5, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C36FFD8FD62FDEEFCC86CAB" box="[762,872,619,646]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="51.5">51.5 mm</quantity>
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</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C36FFD8FC09FDE9FEBC6C85" collectionCode="NRM" collectorName="Le Colline" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" specimenCode="NRM Mo 205351, Mo 205352" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C36FFD8FC09FDE9FC586CAB" box="[913,1016,620,646]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
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• 2 specs;
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;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C36FFD8FA9BFDE9FEB86C85" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">NRM Mo 205351</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C36FFD8FEBCFD0BFE106C85" box="[292,432,653,680]" collectionCode="NRM" collectorName="Le Colline" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" specimenCode="NRM Mo 205351, Mo 205352" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C36FFD8FEBCFD0BFE106C85" box="[292,432,653,680]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Mo 205352</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFD8FF25FD4BFDD26D50" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="discussion">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C36FFD8FF25FD4BFE8F6CC5" bold="true" box="[189,303,718,744]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF25FD4BFE8F6CC5" bold="true" box="[189,303,718,744]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25FD7EFDD26D50" blockId="29.[187,1399,763,893]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
See
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C36FFD8FF75FD7EFE4D6D38" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[237,493,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani (2017)</bibRefCitation>
for an extensive synonymy of this species. The few available Middle Miocene specimens (from Guzzano and Castel di Casio) are smaller (maximum length
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) than those from the Upper Miocene, but are morphologically well within the range known of the Upper Miocene specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C36FFD8FF5CFCE6FEC36D50" author="Moroni M. A." box="[196,355,867,893]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C36FFD8FEE8FCE6FDC66D50" author="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M." box="[368,614,867,893]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" pagination="444 - 466" refId="ref18554" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Taviani M. 2017. Chemosymbiotic bivalves from Miocene methane-seep carbonates in Italy. Journal of Paleontology 91: 444 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.154" type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel &amp; Taviani 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFD8FF25FC26FC6B6DC6" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25FC26FDDD6D90" blockId="29.[189,637,931,957]" box="[189,637,931,957]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<heading id="1B5881D19C36FFD8FF25FC26FDDD6D90" bold="true" box="[189,637,931,957]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF25FC26FDDD6D90" bold="true" box="[189,637,931,957]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25FC54FC6B6DC6" blockId="29.[189,971,977,1003]" box="[189,971,977,1003]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
Upper Oligocene (upper Chattian) to Late Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C36FFD8FC08FC54FC686DC6" box="[912,968,977,1003]" name="Italy" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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Genus
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Shell oval, flat, reaching
<quantity id="87579B589C36FFD8FE7AFAF4FD956BA1" box="[482,565,1393,1420]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
in length, with anterior and posterior groove producing narrow anteroand posterodorsal areas; umbones little elevated, pointed, slightly prosogyrate, displaced anterior at about ⅓ of shell length; anterodorsal margin nearly straight; anterior margin gently rounded, with smooth transition to convex ventral margin; posterodorsal margin almost straight, with angular transition to posterior margin; posterior margin with indent at end of posterior groove; ventral commissure slightly undulating; external surface covered by numerous densely-spaced, fine commarginal ribs that become stronger toward the outer margin; at antero- and posteroventral margin, the ribs their interspaces are often covered by obliquely tangential thread-like ridges; no radial sculpture; aams thin, elongate, reaching just below mid-line of shell, deviating from pallial line at an angle of about 15°; pallial line entire, running close and parallel to ventral margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFD8FF25F960FDE96963" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25F960FEE468D2" blockId="29.[189,324,1765,1791]" box="[189,324,1765,1791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<heading id="1B5881D19C36FFD8FF25F960FEE468D2" bold="true" box="[189,324,1765,1791]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF25F960FEE468D2" bold="true" box="[189,324,1765,1791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25F897FDE96963" blockId="29.[189,1398,1810,1871]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
Named after Románia, Latin name for Romagna (
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C36FFD8FCAAF897FBF26901" box="[818,1106,1810,1836]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Emilia-Romagna region</collectingRegion>
) where a number of key Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C36FFD8FEB5F8B0FEDE6963" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[301,382,1845,1870]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FEB5F8B0FEDE6963" box="[301,382,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sites are located.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C36FFDBFF25F8F0FD376F4A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25F8F0FE0A69A2" blockId="29.[189,426,1909,1935]" box="[189,426,1909,1935]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<heading id="1B5881D19C36FFD8FF25F8F0FE0A69A2" bold="true" box="[189,426,1909,1935]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF25F8F0FE0A69A2" bold="true" box="[189,426,1909,1935]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF72F826FEFC6990" blockId="29.[189,1324,1955,2015]" box="[234,348,1955,1981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FF72F826FEFC6990" bold="true" box="[234,348,1955,1981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C36FFD8FF72F826FEFC6990" box="[234,348,1955,1981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C36FFD8FF25F840FA8C69F3" blockId="29.[189,1324,1955,2015]" box="[189,1324,1988,2015]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C36FFD8FF25F840FA8C69F3" box="[189,1324,1988,2015]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cassano" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" specimenCode="MSF 2346" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C36FFD8FF25F840FEAF69F2" box="[189,271,1989,2015]" name="Italy" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C36FFD8FEB4F841FDA169F3" bold="true" box="[300,513,1988,2014]" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C36FFD8FEB4F841FDA169F3" box="[300,513,1988,2014]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<location id="457060669C36FFD8FD82F840FD0F69F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C36FFDAFDCEFB3AFD896FFA:457060669C36FFD8FD82F840FD0F69F2" box="[538,687,1989,2015]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Cassano" pageId="29" pageNumber="144" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Cassano</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C36FFD8FD23F840FC9B69F3" box="[699,827,1988,2015]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="29" pageNumber="144">MSF 2346</specimenCode>
, a left valve with preserved shell material.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C35FFDBFF72FE8CFEC76F0E" blockId="30.[189,1399,265,359]" box="[234,359,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF72FE8CFEC76F0E" bold="true" box="[234,359,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C35FFDBFF72FE8CFEC76F0E" box="[234,359,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C35FFDBFF25FEAEFD376F4A" blockId="30.[189,1399,265,359]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C35FFDBFF25FEAEFC026F68" box="[189,930,298,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cassano" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" specimenCode="MSF 2345" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C35FFDBFF25FEAEFEAF6F68" box="[189,271,299,325]" name="Italy" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFEB3FEAFFDA06F69" bold="true" box="[299,512,298,324]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C35FFDBFEB3FEAFFDA06F69" box="[299,512,298,324]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 9 specs;
<location id="457060669C35FFDBFDE7FEAEFCB36F68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C36FFDAFDCEFB3AFD896FFA:457060669C35FFDBFDE7FEAEFCB36F68" box="[639,787,299,325]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Cassano" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Cassano</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C35FFDBFC87FEAEFC3F6F68" box="[799,927,298,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">MSF 2345</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C35FFDBFC32FEAEFB8E6F68" box="[938,1070,299,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cassano" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" specimenCode="MSF 2347" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C35FFDBFC32FEAEFB8A6F68" box="[938,1066,299,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">MSF 2347</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C35FFDBFBADFEAEFB196F68" box="[1077,1209,299,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cassano" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" specimenCode="MSF 2348" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C35FFDBFBADFEAEFB156F68" box="[1077,1205,299,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">MSF 2348</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C35FFDBFB58FEAEFE2E6F4A" collectionCode="L, W" country="Italy" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" specimenCode="MSF 2362" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C35FFDBFB58FEAEFA9D6F69" box="[1216,1341,298,325]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">MSF 2362</specimenCode>
(L = 30, W = 7.0 mm),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C35FFDBFE0DFEC8FD336F4A" box="[405,659,333,359]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cassano" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" specimenCode="MSF 2363" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C35FFDBFE0DFEC8FDB26F4A" box="[405,530,333,359]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">MSF 2363</specimenCode>
(L = 29.2)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C35FFDAFF25FE0BFB776F45" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C35FFDBFF25FE0BFE8F6F85" blockId="30.[189,303,398,424]" box="[189,303,398,424]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<heading id="1B5881D19C35FFDBFF25FE0BFE8F6F85" bold="true" box="[189,303,398,424]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF25FE0BFE8F6F85" bold="true" box="[189,303,398,424]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C35FFDAFF25FE39FB776F45" blockId="30.[187,1400,444,887]" lastBlockId="31.[189,1398,265,361]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFF25FE39FEAB6FFB" authorityName="Adams &amp; Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[189,267,444,470]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF25FE39FEAB6FFB" box="[189,267,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFEFFFE38FE766FFB" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[359,470,445,470]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFEFFFE38FE766FFB" box="[359,470,445,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C35FFDBFE44FE38FD956FFA" box="[476,565,445,471]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
shows many characteristics of the genus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFB95FE39FBFB6FFB" authorityName="Adams &amp; Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[1037,1115,444,470]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFB95FE39FBFB6FFB" box="[1037,1115,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except that it has a very thin and only moderately long aams, whereas typical species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFC2BFE5AFBA16FD4" authorityName="Adams &amp; Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[947,1025,479,505]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFC2BFE5AFBA16FD4" box="[947,1025,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a very long and lenticular aams that widens in the center, and reaches almost to the ventral margin (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C35FFDBFB8EFD84FB716C36" author="Ludbrook N. H." box="[1046,1233,513,539]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref19357" refString="Ludbrook N. H. 1969. The genus Miltha (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in the Australian Cainozoic. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 93: 55 - 63." type="journal article" year="1969">Ludbrook 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C35FFDBFB45FD84FACA6C36" author="Vokes H. E." box="[1245,1386,513,539]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="93 - 126" refId="ref22041" refString="Vokes H. E. 1969. Observations on the genus Miltha (Mollusca: Bivalvia) with notes on the type and Florida Neogene species. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 7: 93 - 126." type="journal article" year="1969">Vokes 1969</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, most species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD9FFDA1FDF56C13" authorityName="Adams &amp; Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[519,597,548,574]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD9FFDA1FDF56C13" box="[519,597,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a narrower posterodorsal area, and they are significantly larger (
<quantity id="87579B589C35FFDBFF5DFDC2FEBB6C4C" box="[197,283,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
and more) compared to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFDDCFDC2FD326C4C" authorityName="Adams &amp; Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[580,658,583,609]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFDDCFDC2FD326C4C" box="[580,658,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD6FFDCDFCC66C4C" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[759,870,584,609]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD6FFDCDFCC66C4C" box="[759,870,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="87579B589C35FFDBFCE0FDC2FC6D6C4C" box="[888,973,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
max).
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFBBCFDC2FBD26C4C" authorityName="Adams &amp; Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[1060,1138,583,609]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFBBCFDC2FBD26C4C" box="[1060,1138,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFB4FFDCDFAE66C4C" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[1239,1350,584,609]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFB4FFDCDFAE66C4C" box="[1239,1350,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a slightly undulating ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C35FFDBFDE1FDECFD7E6CA9" box="[633,734,617,644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,944,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-273@30.[189,1398,944,1782]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 11. The lucinid bivalve Miltha? romaniae sp. nov., from the Ca Cassano seep deposit in northern Italy. A. Paratype (MSF 2345). B. Paratype (MSF 2347). C. Holotype (MSF 2346). DF. Paratype with well-preserved ventral side (MSF 2362). D. Ventral view showing the slight undulation of the ventral margin. E. Posteroventral surface showing the increasing strength and spacing of the commarginal ribs. F. Close-up on anteroventral surface, showing the fine obliquely tangential thread-like ridges. G. Paratype (MSF 2363), right valve embedded in rock matrix, showing the aams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350743/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
) but seems not to show differences in inflation between left and right valves, as in
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD9CFD09FCA06C8B" authority="(Vokes 1969)" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[516,768,652,678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD9CFD09FDF26C8B" box="[516,594,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C35FFDBFDFCFD09FD576C8B" author="Vokes H. E." box="[612,759,652,678]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="93 - 126" refId="ref22041" refString="Vokes H. E. 1969. Observations on the genus Miltha (Mollusca: Bivalvia) with notes on the type and Florida Neogene species. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 7: 93 - 126." type="journal article" year="1969">Vokes 1969</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Also the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFC6BFD09FF5A6CE4" authority="Frassinetti, 1978" authorityName="Frassinetti" authorityYear="1978" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Matanziella">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFC6BFD09FBE16C8B" box="[1011,1089,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFBCDFD09FB416C8B" box="[1109,1249,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Matanziella</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C35FFDBFB6DFD09FF5A6CE4" author="Frassinetti D." pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref17208" refString="Frassinetti D. 1978. Matanziella, nuevo subgenero de Bivalvia (Mollusca: Lucinidae) en el Mioceno de Chile central. Revista Geologica de Chile 5: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1978">Frassinetti, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is larger and has a broader aams than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD22FD2AFCA86CE4" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[698,776,687,713]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD22FD2AFCA86CE4" box="[698,776,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFCF0FD35FC776CE4" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[872,983,688,713]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFCF0FD35FC776CE4" box="[872,983,688,713]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and furthermore differs by lacking the distinct grooves separating the antero-and posterodorsal areas (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C35FFDBFC56FD54FB316CC1" author="Frassinetti D." box="[974,1169,721,748]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref17208" refString="Frassinetti D. 1978. Matanziella, nuevo subgenero de Bivalvia (Mollusca: Lucinidae) en el Mioceno de Chile central. Revista Geologica de Chile 5: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1978">Frassinetti 1978</bibRefCitation>
). Species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFAB1FD54FAD76CC6" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[1321,1399,721,747]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFAB1FD54FAD76CC6" box="[1321,1399,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
show differences in inflation between left and right valves. This was not observed in the few available, articulated specimens of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFE44FC92FD8A6D1C" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[476,554,791,817]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFE44FC92FD8A6D1C" box="[476,554,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD10FC9DFD576D1C" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[648,759,792,817]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD10FC9DFD576D1C" box="[648,759,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C35FFDBFCE3FC92FBB66D1C" author="Vokes H. E." box="[891,1046,791,817]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" pagination="93 - 126" refId="ref22041" refString="Vokes H. E. 1969. Observations on the genus Miltha (Mollusca: Bivalvia) with notes on the type and Florida Neogene species. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 7: 93 - 126." type="journal article" year="1969">Vokes (1969)</bibRefCitation>
noted that this feature appears only later during ontogeny, and is only detectable in specimens larger than about
<quantity id="87579B589C35FFDBFB1EFCBCFB7A6D79" box="[1158,1242,825,852]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
length. With the largest available articulated specimen of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD5FFCD9FCB56D5B" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[711,789,860,886]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD5FFCD9FCB56D5B" box="[711,789,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFCEEFCD8FC456D5B" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[886,997,861,886]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFCEEFCD8FC456D5B" box="[886,997,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being about
<quantity id="87579B589C35FFDBFBE6FCD9FB716D5A" box="[1150,1233,860,887]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
long, the lack of this feature might just be a matter of its small size relative to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFC36FE8CFC5C6F0E" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[942,1020,265,291]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFC36FE8CFC5C6F0E" box="[942,1020,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Due to the differences outlined above,
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFE8AFEA9FEC06F6B" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[274,352,300,326]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFE8AFEA9FEC06F6B" box="[274,352,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.)
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFE59FEA9FD906F68" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[449,560,300,325]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFE59FEA9FD906F68" box="[449,560,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might represent a new genus or subgenus closely related to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFB6CFEA9FAE26F6B" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[1268,1346,300,326]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFB6CFEA9FAE26F6B" box="[1268,1346,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but with its hinge area remaining unknown, we prefer to assign this species to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C34FFDAFBB0FECBFBD66F45" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[1064,1142,334,360]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFBB0FECBFBD66F45" box="[1064,1142,334,360]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Miltha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. lat.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="14D066359C35FFDBFF25F89BFB2469C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350743" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350743/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" startId="30.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[189,1398,944,1782]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C35FFDBFF25F89BFB2469C4" blockId="30.[189,1399,1822,2025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF25F89BFEBA6915" bold="true" box="[189,282,1822,1848]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
The lucinid bivalve
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C35FFDBFD97F89BFD416915" authority="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani, 2023" authorityName="Kiel &amp; Sami &amp; Taviani" authorityYear="2023" box="[527,737,1822,1848]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Miltha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romaniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD97F89BFDFC6915" box="[527,604,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">Miltha</emphasis>
?
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFDEAF89AFD416915" box="[626,737,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">romaniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857D49C35FFDBFD71F89AFCE76914" box="[745,839,1823,1849]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, from the Ca Cassano seep deposit in northern Italy.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF67F8C4FEB46976" bold="true" box="[255,276,1857,1883]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
. Paratype (MSF 2345).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFDB6F8C7FDE26971" bold="true" box="[558,578,1858,1884]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
. Paratype (MSF 2347).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFCC3F8C4FCD06976" bold="true" box="[859,880,1857,1883]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
. Holotype (MSF 2346).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFB08F8C7FB666971" bold="true" box="[1168,1222,1858,1884]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">DF</emphasis>
. Paratype with well-preserved ventral side (MSF 2362).
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFD32F8E0FD1E6952" bold="true" box="[682,702,1893,1919]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">D</emphasis>
. Ventral view showing the slight undulation of the ventral margin.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFEBBF80DFE97698F" bold="true" box="[291,311,1928,1954]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">E</emphasis>
. Posteroventral surface showing the increasing strength and spacing of the commarginal ribs.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF64F82EFEAE69E8" bold="true" box="[252,270,1963,1989]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">F</emphasis>
. Close-up on anteroventral surface, showing the fine obliquely tangential thread-like ridges.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C35FFDBFF25F84BFF7469C5" bold="true" box="[189,212,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="145">G</emphasis>
. Paratype (MSF 2363), right valve embedded in rock matrix, showing the aams.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C34FFDAFF25FE0AFD896FFA" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FE0AFDDD6F84" blockId="31.[189,637,399,425]" box="[189,637,399,425]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="1B5881D19C34FFDAFF25FE0AFDDD6F84" bold="true" box="[189,637,399,425]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C34FFDAFF25FE0AFDDD6F84" bold="true" box="[189,637,399,425]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C34FFDAFF25FE3BFD896FFA" blockId="31.[189,553,445,472]" box="[189,553,445,472]" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">
Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C34FFDAFE76FE38FD866FFA" box="[494,550,445,471]" name="Italy" pageId="31" pageNumber="146">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
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<mods:title id="123B17AFC2BDCA5CFD10A31C70A94EC9">Mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) from Miocene cold-seep deposits in northern Italy: revisions and additions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4CA7F283CC1910534CC22E600508C4BF">Kiel, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E18AEA17FEFAA3743392611EE7D118A4">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FE5471A44FD7929C2B5A47AF4DFCEC36">Sami, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4D856BFA3EF07638F9AB3A8E3FB13D45">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="27088400D6427E5F17CF3562984E4E04" type="email">marco.sami@cheapnet.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="267C734014778F936114FA7DA717EFF2">Institute of Marine Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="089EA2D57E897FFEEBAD6BC2A6F577A0" type="email">marco.taviani@bo.ismar.cnr.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C38FFD6FDD7FD09FC446C8A" box="[591,996,652,679]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FDD7FD09FC446C8A" blockId="19.[591,996,652,714]" box="[591,996,652,679]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<heading id="1B5881D19C38FFD6FDD7FD09FC446C8A" box="[591,996,652,679]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FDD7FD09FC446C8A" ID-CoL="8VQVQ" authority="(Bellardi, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[591,996,652,679]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FDD7FD09FC826C8A" bold="true" box="[591,802,652,679]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Eosipho hoernesi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FCA9FD08FC7C6C8A" author="Bellardi L." box="[817,988,653,679]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C38FFD6FD44FD35FCF86CE7" box="[732,856,688,714]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FD44FD35FCF86CE7" blockId="19.[591,996,652,714]" box="[732,856,688,714]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C38FFD6FD44FD35FCF86CE7" box="[732,856,688,714]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,695,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-77@21.[189,1398,695,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 7. Neogastropoda Wenz, 1938 and Heterobranchia Burmeister, 1837 from Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AC. The eosiphonid Eosipho hoernesi (Bellardi, 1872). AB. Specimen with well-preserved aperture, from Ca Piantè (MSF 1070). C. Specimen showing details of spiral ornament, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204839). D. The buccinid Neptunea? sp. from Le Colline (MSF 2359). EF. The olivid Olivella longispira Bellardi, 1882. E. From Le Colline (MSF 1202). F. From Guzzano (MGGC 22310). G. The turrid Turris citima (Bellardi, 1877), from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1307). HI. The turrid Turricula sp., from Ca Piantè (MSF 1081). J. The pyramidellid (Heterobranchia) Turbonilla sp., from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1305)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350729/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Fig. 7AC</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C38FFD6FF25FD74FEC86DBE" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FD74FC296D21" blockId="19.[189,1180,753,815]" box="[189,905,753,780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C38FFD6FF25FD74FC296D21" box="[189,905,753,780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C38FFD6FF25FD74FD116D21" author="Bellardi L." box="[189,689,753,780]" page="153" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" year="1873">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FF25FD74FD116D21" authority="Bellardi, 1873: 153" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1873" box="[189,689,753,780]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Chrysodomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hornesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF25FD74FE656D26" box="[189,453,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Chrysodomus Hörnesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FE54FD74FD116D21" author="Bellardi L." box="[460,689,753,780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi, 1873: 153</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 11 figs 1415.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FC93FB3C6D02" blockId="19.[189,1180,753,815]" box="[189,1180,789,815]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C38FFD6FF25FC93FB3C6D02" box="[189,1180,789,815]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FF25FC93FD3E6D02" authority="(Bellardi)" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" box="[189,670,789,815]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Neptunea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi" subGenus="Neptunea">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF25FC93FE8D6D02" box="[189,301,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Neptunea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FEA6FC93FE0E6D02" box="[318,430,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Neptunea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FE58FC90FD856D02" box="[448,549,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">hoernesi</emphasis>
(Bellardi)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FD3EFC90FC8A6D02" box="[678,810,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">subdilatata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C38FFD6FCA9FC90FBA26D02" author="Moroni M. A." box="[817,1026,789,815]" page="76" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FCA9FC90FBA26D02" author="Moroni M. A." box="[817,1026,789,815]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966: 76</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 19 fig. 1.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FCD3FEC86DBE" blockId="19.[189,1398,854,915]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C38FFD6FF25FCD3FEC86DBE" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FF25FCD3FE2C6D5D" ID-CoL="8VQVQ" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[189,396,854,880]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF25FCD3FE2C6D5D" box="[189,396,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Eosipho hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FE36FCD3FCA76D5D" author="Brunetti M. M. &amp; Della Bella G." box="[430,775,854,880]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="3 - 37" refId="ref15990" refString="Brunetti M. M. &amp; Della Bella G. 2016. Revisioni di alcuni generi della famiglia Buccinidae Rafinesque, 1815 nel Plio-Pleistocene del Bacino Mediterraneo, con descrizione di tre nuove specie. Bolletino Malacologico 52: 3 - 37." type="journal article" year="2016">Brunetti &amp; Della Bella 2016</bibRefCitation>
: fig.
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<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C38FFD6FC3CFCD3FBD26D5D" author="Kovacs Z." box="[932,1138,854,880]" page="72" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" year="2021">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FC3CFCD3FBD26D5D" author="Kovacs Z." box="[932,1138,854,880]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="65 - 99" refId="ref18932" refString="Kovacs Z. 2021. Middle Miocene Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda) assemblage from the Faget Basin (Romania) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 37: 65 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.17111 / FragmPalHung. 2021.37.65" type="journal article" year="2021">Kovács 2021: 72</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 2223. —
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C38FFD6FAADFCD3FEC46DBE" author="Kaim A." page="332" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FAADFCD3FEC46DBE" author="Kaim A." pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="323 - 374" refId="ref18053" refString="Kaim A. 2022. A review of gastropods at ancient hydrocarbon seeps. In: Kaim A., Landman N. H. &amp; Cochran J. K. (eds) Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps. Topics in Geobiology: 323 - 374. Springer, Cham. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 031 - 05623 - 9 _ 11" type="book chapter" year="2022">Kaim 2022: 332</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C38FFD6FF25FC3EFDEE6A0A" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FC3EFE0A6DF8" blockId="19.[189,426,955,981]" box="[189,426,955,981]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<heading id="1B5881D19C38FFD6FF25FC3EFE0A6DF8" bold="true" box="[189,426,955,981]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF25FC3EFE0A6DF8" bold="true" box="[189,426,955,981]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FC6FFDEE6A0A" blockId="19.[189,1398,1001,1063]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C38FFD6FF25FC6FFBF56A2E" box="[189,1109,1001,1028]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Piante" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" specimenCode="MSF 1070" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C38FFD6FF25FC6FFEAF6A29" box="[189,271,1002,1028]" name="Italy" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FEABFC6CFDA86A2E" bold="true" box="[307,520,1001,1027]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C38FFD6FEABFC6CFDA86A2E" box="[307,520,1001,1027]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C38FFD6FDBBFC6CFDDA6A29" box="[547,634,1001,1028]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C38FFD6FD11FC6CFCA76A2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C38FFD1FDD7FD09FD036F7C:457060669C38FFD6FD11FC6CFCA76A2E" box="[649,775,1001,1027]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Piante" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Piantè</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C38FFD6FC8DFC6CFC356A2E" box="[789,917,1001,1027]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">MSF 1070</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C38FFD6FC78FC6CFBED6A2E" box="[992,1101,1001,1028]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.47" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="54.7">54.7 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C38FFD6FBEAFC6CFDEA6A0A" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Ca' Rovereti" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" specimenCode="NRM Mo 204839" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C38FFD6FBEAFC6CFB696A29" box="[1138,1225,1001,1028]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C38FFD6FB40FC6CFAD26A2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C38FFD1FDD7FD09FD036F7C:457060669C38FFD6FB40FC6CFAD26A2E" box="[1240,1394,1001,1027]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Rovereti" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">Ca Rovereti</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C38FFD6FF25FB88FE2F6A0A" box="[189,399,1037,1063]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">NRM Mo 204839</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C38FFD6FE4DFB89FDE26A0A" box="[469,578,1036,1063]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.58" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="45.8">45.8 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C38FFD6FF25FBCBFEEA69B5" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FBCBFE8F6A45" blockId="19.[189,303,1102,1128]" box="[189,303,1102,1128]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<heading id="1B5881D19C38FFD6FF25FBCBFE8F6A45" bold="true" box="[189,303,1102,1128]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF25FBCBFE8F6A45" bold="true" box="[189,303,1102,1128]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FBF9FD50684C" blockId="19.[188,1399,1148,1633]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
This species was originally placed in
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FDE3FBF8FC336ABA" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[635,915,1148,1175]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Neptunea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FDE3FBF8FD4B6ABB" box="[635,747,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Neptunea</emphasis>
Röding, 1798
</taxonomicName>
or its synonym
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FBCCFBF9FF5A6A97" authority="Swainson, 1840" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Chrysodomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FBCCFBF9FB556ABB" box="[1108,1269,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Chrysodomus</emphasis>
Swainson, 1840
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FEA0FB25FDFC6A97" author="Harzhauser M. &amp; Landau B. &amp; Mandic O. &amp; Kroh A. &amp; Kuttelwascher K. &amp; Grunert P. &amp; Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W." box="[312,604,1184,1210]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="83 - 113" refId="ref17830" refString="Harzhauser M., Landau B., Mandic O., Kroh A., Kuttelwascher K., Grunert P., Schneider S. &amp; Danninger W. 2014. Gastropods of an Ottnangian (Early Miocene) rocky shore in the North Alpine Foreland Basin (Allerding, Austria). Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 154: 83 - 113." type="journal article" year="2014">
Harzhauser
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FE51FB24FDA66A97" box="[457,518,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
regarded it as not belonging to this genus. Both
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FB35FB25FEF16AF0" author="Brunetti M. M. &amp; Della Bella G." pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="3 - 37" refId="ref15990" refString="Brunetti M. M. &amp; Della Bella G. 2016. Revisioni di alcuni generi della famiglia Buccinidae Rafinesque, 1815 nel Plio-Pleistocene del Bacino Mediterraneo, con descrizione di tre nuove specie. Bolletino Malacologico 52: 3 - 37." type="journal article" year="2016">Brunetti &amp; Della Bella (2016)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FE10FB46FD946AF0" author="Kovacs Z." box="[392,564,1219,1245]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="65 - 99" refId="ref18932" refString="Kovacs Z. 2021. Middle Miocene Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda) assemblage from the Faget Basin (Romania) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 37: 65 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.17111 / FragmPalHung. 2021.37.65" type="journal article" year="2021">Kovács (2021)</bibRefCitation>
placed it in
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FD25FB46FCBD6AF0" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1929" box="[701,797,1219,1245]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FD25FB46FCBD6AF0" box="[701,797,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Eosipho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and this treatment is followed here.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FB52FB46FAD66AF0" author="Moroni M. A." box="[1226,1398,1219,1245]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni (1966)</bibRefCitation>
introduced a new subspecies
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FDBBFB62FC2A6B2D" box="[547,906,1254,1280]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Neptunea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="hoernesi" subSpecies="subdilatata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FDBBFB62FC2A6B2D" box="[547,906,1254,1280]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Neptunea hoernesi subdilatata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a buccinid from the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FABCFB62FAD56B2D" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[1316,1397,1255,1280]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FABCFB62FAD56B2D" box="[1316,1397,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deposits. We find our specimens difficult to distinguish from
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FC04FA8CFBC06B0E" author="Bellardi L." box="[924,1120,1289,1315]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardis (1873</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 11 fig. 14) original illustration of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FEFFFAA9FDD56B6B" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[359,629,1324,1350]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Chrysodomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FEFFFAA9FDD56B6B" box="[359,629,1324,1350]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Chrysodomus hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, though his “Varietá A” (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FC3BFAA9FBEB6B6A" author="Bellardi L." box="[931,1099,1324,1351]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi 1873</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 11 fig. 15) does have less convex whorls with a shallower suture.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FD21FAD5FBAD6B47" author="Brunetti M. M. &amp; Della Bella G." box="[697,1037,1360,1386]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="3 - 37" refId="ref15990" refString="Brunetti M. M. &amp; Della Bella G. 2016. Revisioni di alcuni generi della famiglia Buccinidae Rafinesque, 1815 nel Plio-Pleistocene del Bacino Mediterraneo, con descrizione di tre nuove specie. Bolletino Malacologico 52: 3 - 37." type="journal article" year="2016">Brunetti &amp; Della Bella (2016</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19f) illustrated a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FF47FAF6FE4F6BA0" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[223,495,1395,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Chrysodomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF47FAF6FE4F6BA0" box="[223,495,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Chrysodomus hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Bellardi-Sacco collection, which differs marginally by its slightly broader last whorl from the Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FDF2FA12FD1B6B9D" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[618,699,1431,1456]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FDF2FA12FD1B6B9D" box="[618,699,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens available to us. A specimen identified as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FA8EFA13FE826BFE" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FA8EFA13FE826BFE" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Eosipho hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Middle Miocene of
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C38FFD6FD18FA3CFD4A6BFE" box="[640,746,1465,1491]" name="Romania" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Romania</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FD62FA3CFC3A6BFE" author="Kovacs Z." box="[762,922,1465,1491]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="65 - 99" refId="ref18932" refString="Kovacs Z. 2021. Middle Miocene Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda) assemblage from the Faget Basin (Romania) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 37: 65 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.17111 / FragmPalHung. 2021.37.65" type="journal article" year="2021">Kovács 2021</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2223) has a distinctly higher spire and more oblique axial ribs than the Italian specimens assigned to this species. Buccinoid species are known to show variation in shell shape, especially the height of the spire, along depth gradients (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FF5DF9A6FE486813" author="Bouchet P. &amp; Waren A." box="[197,488,1571,1598]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="123 - 296" refId="ref15940" refString="Bouchet P. &amp; Waren A. 1985. Revision of the northeast Atlantic bathyal and abyssal Neogastropoda excluding Turridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Bolletino Malacologico, Supplemento 1: 123 - 296. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 140763" type="journal article" year="1985">Bouchet &amp; Warén 1985</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FE6FF9A6FCE66810" author="Olabarria C. &amp; Thurston M. H." box="[503,838,1571,1597]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="59 - 66" refId="ref19896" refString="Olabarria C. &amp; Thurston M. H. 2003. Patterns of morphological variation of the deep-sea gastropod Troschelia berniciensis (King, 1846) (Buccinidae) from the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Molluscan Studies 70: 59 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / mollus / 70.1.59" type="journal article" year="2003">Olabarria &amp; Thurston 2003</bibRefCitation>
). Hence, we are not in favor of distinguishing subspecies or variants among
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FD85F9C3FD49684D" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[541,745,1606,1632]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FD85F9C3FD49684D" box="[541,745,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Eosipho hoernesi</emphasis>
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.
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A similar species is
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FE2BF902FBA1688C" authority="Martin" authorityName="Martin" box="[435,1025,1671,1698]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Siphonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="semisulcata" subGenus="Pseudoneptunea">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FE2BF902FD92688C" box="[435,562,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Siphonalia</emphasis>
(
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)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FC84F902FC07688C" box="[796,935,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">semisulcata</emphasis>
Martin
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FBB4F90DFB61688F" author="Beets C." box="[1068,1217,1672,1698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="255 - 328" refId="ref15562" refString="Beets C. 1942. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der angeblich oberoligocanen Mollusken-Fauna der Insel Buton, Niederlandisch-Ostindien. Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen 13: 255 - 328." type="journal article" year="1942">Beets (1942</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 28 fig. 68) from a presumed, Late Miocene seep deposit in Buton,
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C38FFD6FCFBF92EFC7868E8" box="[867,984,1707,1733]" name="Indonesia" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, but its spirals are less distinct on the whorls flanks but stronger on the base than in
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FC8AF94AFC3868C5" box="[786,920,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">E. hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FC3FF94AFBB768C5" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[935,1047,1743,1768]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Neptunea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FC3FF94AFBB768C5" box="[935,1047,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Neptunea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FBB1F94BFBCC68C5" box="[1065,1132,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Sipho</emphasis>
?)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FB13F94BFB7C68C5" box="[1163,1244,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">altenai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FB7CF94BFAD168C5" author="Beets C." box="[1252,1393,1742,1768]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="255 - 328" refId="ref15562" refString="Beets C. 1942. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der angeblich oberoligocanen Mollusken-Fauna der Insel Buton, Niederlandisch-Ostindien. Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen 13: 255 - 328." type="journal article" year="1942">Beets, 1942</bibRefCitation>
, from the same locality also has very similar axial and spiral sculpture, but a much short siphonal canal than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FF60F890FE206903" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[248,384,1812,1838]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF60F890FE206903" box="[248,384,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">E. hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The late Eocene to Oligocene
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FD64F891FC616903" box="[764,961,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Colus sekiuensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FC50F891FB706903" author="Kiel S. &amp; Goedert J. L." box="[968,1232,1812,1838]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="41 - 52" refId="ref18432" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Goedert J. L. 2007. Six new mollusk species associated with biogenic substrates in Cenozoic deep-water sediments in Washington State, USA. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 52: 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2007">Kiel &amp; Goedert, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, from organic substrates and seep deposits in western
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,
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C38FFD6FC1FF8BDFC60697F" box="[903,960,1848,1874]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C38FFD6FC4BF8B2FB7D697F" author="Kiel S. &amp; Goedert J. L." box="[979,1245,1847,1874]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" pagination="41 - 52" refId="ref18432" refString="Kiel S. &amp; Goedert J. L. 2007. Six new mollusk species associated with biogenic substrates in Cenozoic deep-water sediments in Washington State, USA. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 52: 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2007">Kiel &amp; Goedert 2007</bibRefCitation>
), has similar though more incised sculpture, is smaller, and its siphonal canal is more strongly twisted than that of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C38FFD6FF27F8FAFEE269B5" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[191,322,1918,1944]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Eosipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF27F8FAFEE269B5" box="[191,322,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">E. hoernesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C3FFFD1FF25FE8DFD036F7C" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3FFFD1FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" blockId="20.[189,637,264,291]" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
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Middle to Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C3FFFD1FDF0FEB2FD006F7C" box="[616,672,311,337]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Italy</collectingCountry>
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</treatment>
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Genus
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Thiele, 1929
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species
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(
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)
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A61E0062CC5200260893371F7B86C8A1">Sami, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E098652F6A50116EAF16E4F961489D6">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, 51, Via Medaglie DOro 51, 48018 Faenza, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BF54C83C0E6889155A7D75541BC165F2" type="email">marco.sami@cheapnet.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7A8EBBE0E49853B314178615ACE99342">Taviani, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C7EF8F486A463A5421E9A7691769B19B">Institute of Marine Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="43C8950BD699158BFFB2E524BB52DC12" type="email">marco.taviani@bo.ismar.cnr.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E210D505E28517E2563710BB302ED5DB">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2A77187604F46F06C3830FF5B787A4A0">
<mods:date id="78711D290D2EFAA5A1E6DFA79A9D4476">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D9E6F7EB981E44844A002E672D80558B">2023-12-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C06EA0D71A5BFC5B4AC4C1A29E795966">910</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F014C4782B2F6C1A9002073BC2028A74">115</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="864249C4BD4E54C92AFA24C05BB6FF99">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2365/10359</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="F270C5306196BAC205FF5B0AD1421F1D" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.910.2365</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1040522C3587CD865BB24561AD5833B2" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF52F40BC328B29EF45FE545B2FC3180" type="Zenodo-Dep">10350702</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C80687AB9C39FFD6FE31FDE7FE796F62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350741" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10350741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C39FFD6FE31FDE7FE796F62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80687AB9C39FFD6FE31FDE7FE796F62" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FE31FDE7FB2B6C51" box="[425,1163,609,636]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FE31FDE7FB2B6C51" blockId="18.[425,1163,609,669]" box="[425,1163,609,636]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<heading id="1B5881D19C39FFD7FE31FDE7FB2B6C51" box="[425,1163,609,636]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FE31FDE7FB2B6C51" authority="(Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840) (Bon.)" authorityName="Bon." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[425,1163,609,636]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FE31FDE7FD8B6C51" bold="true" box="[425,555,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FDF9FDE4FD756C51" bold="true" box="[609,725,609,636]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">reticulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FD7CFDE7FB8F6C51" author="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G." box="[740,1071,610,636]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" refId="ref15732" refString="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G. 1840. Saggio Orittografico sulla Classe dei Gasteropodi Fossili dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte. Tipografia Reale, Torino." type="book" year="1840">Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840</bibRefCitation>
) (Bon.)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FD77FD06FCE66CB0" box="[751,838,643,669]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FD77FD06FCE66CB0" blockId="18.[425,1163,609,669]" box="[751,838,643,669]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C39FFD7FD77FD06FCE66CB0" box="[751,838,643,669]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-49@16.[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 6. Neritimorpha Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1975 and Caenogastropoda Cox, 1960 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AB. The phenacolepid (Neritimorpha) Thalassonerita megastoma Moroni, 1966, Le Colline (MSF 1223), internal mold showing columellar muscle scars. CE. The elachisinid (Caenogastropoda) Laeviphitus sp. C. Small specimen with preserved protoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204837). D. Close-up on transition between proto- and teleoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204838). E. Tall specimen (MSF 1204) from Le Colline. FG. Naticidae indet. sp. 1. F. Shell embedded in rock matrix, from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22304). G. Operculum (MSF 1218). H. Naticidae indet. sp. 2 from Guzzano (MGGC 22305). IK. Pisanianura? pusilla Bellardi 1872, from Castel di Casio. I. Specimen with remains of siphonal canal and shell sculpture (MGGC 22306). J. Small, internal mold (MGGC 22307). K. Large specimen with preserved shell (MGGC 22308). L. Semicassis aff. reticulata (Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840), Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22310)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350725/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Fig. 6L</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FF25FD41FAC16D12" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FD41FEF16CD2" blockId="18.[189,1398,707,767]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60BF11939C39FFD7FF25FD41FEF16CD2" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C39FFD7FF25FD41FCEB6CF3" author="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G." box="[189,843,707,734]" page="53" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" year="1840">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FF25FD41FCEB6CF3" authority="Bon. Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840: 53" authorityName="Bon. Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1840" box="[189,843,707,734]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Cassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF25FD41FE246CF0" box="[189,388,707,734]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Cassis reticulata</emphasis>
Bon.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE57FD46FCEB6CF3" author="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G." box="[463,843,707,734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" refId="ref15732" refString="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G. 1840. Saggio Orittografico sulla Classe dei Gasteropodi Fossili dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte. Tipografia Reale, Torino." type="book" year="1840">Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840: 53</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(145) [Bon. refers to an unpublished museum catalog].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FCA0FAC16D12" blockId="18.[189,1377,804,831]" box="[189,1377,804,831]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FF25FCA0FE146D13" authorityName="Bon." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[189,436,804,831]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF25FCA0FE146D13" box="[189,436,804,831]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE4AFCA0FDFE6D12" author="Sacco F." box="[466,606,805,831]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" refId="ref20832" refString="Sacco F. 1904. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1904">Sacco 1904</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 20 figs 1819. —
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FCFAFCA0FB066D12" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[866,1190,804,831]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FBBDFCA0FBC06D13" box="[1061,1120,804,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1 figs 910.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FF25FCE1FAC56D86" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FCE1FE0A6D53" blockId="18.[189,426,868,894]" box="[189,426,868,894]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<heading id="1B5881D19C39FFD7FF25FCE1FE0A6D53" bold="true" box="[189,426,868,894]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF25FCE1FE0A6D53" bold="true" box="[189,426,868,894]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FC17FAC56D86" blockId="18.[189,1381,913,940]" box="[189,1381,913,940]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C39FFD7FF25FC17FAC06D86" box="[189,1376,913,940]" collectionCode="MGGC" country="Italy" location="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="MGGC 22310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Emilia-Romagna">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C39FFD7FF25FC17FEAF6D81" box="[189,271,914,940]" name="Italy" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FEB4FC14FDA16D86" bold="true" box="[300,513,913,939]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C39FFD7FEB4FC14FDA16D86" box="[300,513,913,939]" country="Italy" name="Emilia-Romagna" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Emilia-Romagna</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C39FFD7FD82FC14FDCF6D81" box="[538,623,913,940]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; Castiglion dei Pepoli;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C39FFD7FC19FC14FB896D86" box="[897,1065,913,939]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">MGGC 22310</specimenCode>
(H = 48.6, W = 42.0 mm)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FF25FC54FC0769AD" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FC54FE8F6DC6" blockId="18.[189,303,977,1003]" box="[189,303,977,1003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<heading id="1B5881D19C39FFD7FF25FC54FE8F6DC6" bold="true" box="[189,303,977,1003]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF25FC54FE8F6DC6" bold="true" box="[189,303,977,1003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FB85FE146A8D" blockId="18.[189,1401,1024,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
This specimen is here assigned to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FDC9FB85FD706A37" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1852" box="[593,720,1024,1050]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FDC9FB85FD706A37" box="[593,720,1024,1050]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the similarities with the species outlined below. It should be noted, though, that certain deep-sea buccinids produce very similar globular shells with fine spiral sculpture. Examples include a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FDEFFBC6FCB36A70" box="[631,787,1091,1117]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Latisipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FDEFFBC6FD466A70" box="[631,742,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Latisipho</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
that was recently reported from hydrothermal vent in the Bering Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE06FBE1FD326A52" author="Nekhaev I. O. &amp; Chaban E. M. &amp; Kantor Y. I. &amp; Kuchsh D. A. &amp; Matveeva K. &amp; Rybakova E." box="[414,658,1124,1151]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="105164" refId="ref19767" refString="Nekhaev I. O., Chaban E. M., Kantor Y. I., Kuchsh D. A., Matveeva K. &amp; Rybakova E. 2022. Shellbearing Gastropoda from the methane seeps and hydrothermal vents of the Bering Sea: a preliminary description. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 204: 105164. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2022.105164" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nekhaev
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FD88FBE0FDEC6A53" box="[528,588,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FD43FBE0FB2A6A52" authority="Clarke, 2022" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2022" box="[731,1162,1124,1151]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Buccinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cascadiense">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FD43FBE0FC466A53" box="[731,998,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Buccinum cascadiense</emphasis>
Clarke, 2022
</taxonomicName>
, from the Northeast Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE85FB03FE086A8D" author="Clark R. N." box="[285,424,1158,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="221 - 226" refId="ref16311" refString="Clark R. N. 2022. Four new deep-sea whelks from the North American Pacific coast (Neogastropoda: Buccinidae). The Festivus 254: 221 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.54173 / F 543221" type="journal article" year="2022">Clark 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FB43FD0D6858" blockId="18.[189,1399,1222,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
The Middle Miocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FE25FB43FBB86ACD" authority="(Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840)" authorityName="Bon." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[445,1048,1222,1248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FE25FB43FD156ACD" box="[445,693,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis reticulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FD5CFB43FBB06ACD" author="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G." box="[708,1040,1222,1248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" refId="ref15732" refString="Bellardi L. &amp; Michelotti G. 1840. Saggio Orittografico sulla Classe dei Gasteropodi Fossili dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte. Tipografia Reale, Torino." type="book" year="1840">Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
as illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FB44FB43FAD36ACD" author="Sacco F." box="[1244,1395,1222,1248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" refId="ref20832" refString="Sacco F. 1904. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1904">Sacco (1904</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 20 figs 1819) and
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE41FB6DFC976B2F" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[473,823,1255,1282]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FD3CFB6DFD436B2C" box="[676,739,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
(1984
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1 figs 910) has a less globular last whorl and lacks the distinct shoulder. All species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FD78FA8FFCFF6B09" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1852" box="[736,863,1290,1316]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FD78FA8FFCFF6B09" box="[736,863,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Miocene of the Paratethys (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FA85FA8CFEE16B68" author="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M. &amp; Beu A. G." pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="69 - 109" refId="ref19054" refString="Landau B., Harzhauser M. &amp; Beu A. G. 2009. A revision of the Tonnoidea (Caenogastropoda, Gastropoda) from the Miocene Paratethys and their palaeobiogeographic implications. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 149: 69 - 109." type="journal article" year="2009">
Landau
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF26FAA9FF596B68" box="[190,249,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 4) have a lower spire with less convex whorls than the specimen from Castiglione dei Pepoli. A similar whorl profile as the specimen from Castiglione dei Pepoli has
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FBC0FAC8FEF16BA7" authority="Sacco, 1890" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1890" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="miolaevigata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FBC0FAC8FAD66B4B" box="[1112,1398,1356,1383]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis miolaevigata</emphasis>
Sacco, 1890
</taxonomicName>
, but that species typically has less distinct spirals on the whorls flank (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FB2CFAF5FAD26BA7" author="Sacco F." box="[1204,1394,1392,1418]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" refId="ref20832" refString="Sacco F. 1904. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte XXX. Carlo Clausen, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1904">Sacco 1904: 97</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 20 figs 510) and
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE21FA17FCAA6B86" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Novelli M. &amp; Opresso G. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[441,778,1425,1452]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 484" refId="ref17054" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Novelli M., Opresso G., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1984. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte II. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 7: 1 - 484." type="journal article" year="1984">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FDE6FA17FD1A6B86" box="[638,698,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
(1984
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1 fig. 6). Another species with similar fine spiral sculpture on the entire whorl is the Early Miocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FCBBFA36FB6B6BE0" authority="(Sacco, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Sacco" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[803,1227,1459,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Sconsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ottnangensis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FCBBFA36FBBB6BE0" box="[803,1051,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Sconsia ottnangensis</emphasis>
(Sacco, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
. However, the specimens illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FE7BFA51FD6D6BC3" author="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M. &amp; Beu A. G." box="[483,717,1492,1518]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="69 - 109" refId="ref19054" refString="Landau B., Harzhauser M. &amp; Beu A. G. 2009. A revision of the Tonnoidea (Caenogastropoda, Gastropoda) from the Miocene Paratethys and their palaeobiogeographic implications. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 149: 69 - 109." type="journal article" year="2009">
Landau
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FDDAFA50FDDD6BC3" box="[578,637,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
(2009
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5 figs 12) are somewhat deformed and the similarity in shell shape to the specimen from Castiglione dei Pepoli may be an artifact. Specimens reported as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FF27F992FCA9681F" authority="(Martin, 1943)" baseAuthorityName="Martin" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[191,777,1559,1586]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Phalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bituminatum" subGenus="Semicassis">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF27F992FE82681C" box="[191,290,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Phalium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FEA9F99DFE10681F" box="[305,432,1560,1586]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FE59F992FDF5681C" box="[449,597,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">bituminatum</emphasis>
(Martin, 1943)
</taxonomicName>
from a presumed mud volcano or seep deposit in the Late Miocene of Waisiu, Buton Island,
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C39FFD7FD15F9BCFD5F687E" box="[653,767,1593,1619]" name="Indonesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FC97F9BCFC73687E" author="Beets C." box="[783,979,1593,1619]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="255 - 328" refId="ref15562" refString="Beets C. 1942. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der angeblich oberoligocanen Mollusken-Fauna der Insel Buton, Niederlandisch-Ostindien. Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen 13: 255 - 328." type="journal article" year="1942">Beets 1942: 277</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 28 fig. 58), have much stronger tubercles than the specimen reported here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25F91EFC0769AD" blockId="18.[189,1401,1690,1920]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
A morphologically very similar species was reported by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FCCAF91EFBF26898" author="Moroni M. A." box="[850,1106,1690,1717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni (1966: 7576</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 3 fig. 2) as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FA9CF91EFE7868FB" authority="Moroni, 1966" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Galeodea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="delibrata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FA9CF91EFE8968FB" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Galeodea delibrata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FEAAF939FE7868FB" author="Moroni M. A." box="[306,472,1724,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the Late Miocene Calcari a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FCE3F938FC6C68FB" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityYear="1797" box="[891,972,1725,1750]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FCE3F938FC6C68FB" box="[891,972,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deposits in the Santa Sofia area. In addition to being much larger (up to
<quantity id="87579B589C39FFD7FDE2F95BFD6E68D5" box="[634,718,1758,1785]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="95.0">95 mm</quantity>
high) than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FCC5F95BFB2768D5" authorityName="Bon." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[861,1159,1758,1784]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FCC5F95BFC7C68D5" box="[861,988,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FB8EF95BFB2768D5" box="[1046,1159,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Castiglion dei Pepoli, it also differs by having a slightly more slender shell. Miocene Mediterranean/Paratethyan species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FEA0F8A6FD936910" authority="Link, 1807" authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1807" box="[312,563,1827,1853]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Galeodea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FEA0F8A6FE0A6910" box="[312,426,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Galeodea</emphasis>
Link, 1807
</taxonomicName>
are generally much higher spired than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FC64F8A6FB416910" authorityName="Moroni" authorityYear="1966" box="[1020,1249,1827,1853]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Galeodea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="delibrata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FC64F8A6FB416910" box="[1020,1249,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Galeodea delibrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FA86F8A6FE9A6973" author="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M. &amp; Beu A. G." pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="69 - 109" refId="ref19054" refString="Landau B., Harzhauser M. &amp; Beu A. G. 2009. A revision of the Tonnoidea (Caenogastropoda, Gastropoda) from the Miocene Paratethys and their palaeobiogeographic implications. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 149: 69 - 109." type="journal article" year="2009">
Landau
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF25F8C0FF576973" box="[189,247,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
) and due to its overall similarity to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FD42F8C0FBA06973" authorityName="Bon." baseAuthorityName="Bellardi &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[730,1024,1860,1887]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FD42F8C0FCF96972" box="[730,857,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FC17F8C1FBA06973" box="[911,1024,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we provisionally re-assign that species to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FEAFF8E3FE1669AD" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1852" box="[311,438,1894,1920]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FEAFF8E3FE1669AD" box="[311,438,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FE7FF8E3FC0369AD" authority="(Moroni, 1966))" baseAuthorityName="Moroni" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[487,931,1894,1920]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Semicassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="delibrata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FE7FF8E3FD7A69AD" box="[487,730,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis delibrata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C39FFD7FD71F8E3FC2F69AD" author="Moroni M. A." box="[745,911,1894,1920]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref19681" refString="Moroni M. A. 1966. Malacofauna del &quot; Calcare a Lucine &quot; di S. Sofia - Forli. Palaeontographica Italica 60: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1966">Moroni, 1966</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C38FFD6FF25FE8DFE796F62" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" blockId="19.[189,637,264,291]" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
<heading id="1B5881D19C38FFD6FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="134" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C38FFD6FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C38FFD6FF25FEB0FE796F62" blockId="19.[189,473,309,335]" box="[189,473,309,335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">
Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C38FFD6FE05FEB0FE756F62" box="[413,469,309,335]" name="Italy" pageId="19" pageNumber="134">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FDF8FE30FC746FFD" box="[608,980,437,464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FDF8FE30FC746FFD" blockId="18.[608,980,437,464]" box="[608,980,437,464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<heading id="1B5881D19C39FFD7FDF8FE30FC746FFD" box="[608,980,437,464]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" reason="2">
Genus
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FD2AFE30FC946FE2" bold="true" box="[690,820,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Semicassis</emphasis>
Mörch, 1852
</taxonomicName>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C39FFD7FF25FDA7FDAD6C11" ID-CoL="RNFD" authority="Reeve, 1848" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1848" box="[189,525,546,572]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cassidae" genus="Cassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica">
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Reeve, 1848
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Schubert &amp; Wagner, 1829
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), by subsequent designation.
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@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FD37FE1EFC866F98" ID-CoL="7NJY4" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[687,806,411,437]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
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indet. 2
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C3AFFD4FD75FE3AFCE76FF4" box="[749,839,447,473]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-49@16.[189,1398,528,1569]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 6. Neritimorpha Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1975 and Caenogastropoda Cox, 1960 from the Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AB. The phenacolepid (Neritimorpha) Thalassonerita megastoma Moroni, 1966, Le Colline (MSF 1223), internal mold showing columellar muscle scars. CE. The elachisinid (Caenogastropoda) Laeviphitus sp. C. Small specimen with preserved protoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204837). D. Close-up on transition between proto- and teleoconch, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204838). E. Tall specimen (MSF 1204) from Le Colline. FG. Naticidae indet. sp. 1. F. Shell embedded in rock matrix, from Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22304). G. Operculum (MSF 1218). H. Naticidae indet. sp. 2 from Guzzano (MGGC 22305). IK. Pisanianura? pusilla Bellardi 1872, from Castel di Casio. I. Specimen with remains of siphonal canal and shell sculpture (MGGC 22306). J. Small, internal mold (MGGC 22307). K. Large specimen with preserved shell (MGGC 22308). L. Semicassis aff. reticulata (Bellardi &amp; Michelotti, 1840), Castiglion dei Pepoli (MGGC 22310)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350725/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
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; Guzzano;
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C3AFFD4FF25FD1AFEB66CF0" blockId="17.[189,1399,671,733]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Naticiform shell with very low spire, smooth apart from fine growth increments, aperture relatively narrow.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FF25FC81FE8F6D33" bold="true" box="[189,303,772,798]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Remarks</emphasis>
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This single specimen has a very low spire and is almost involute. With these features it differs markedly from the species mentioned above, as well as from any other fossil naticid reported from
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(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FABFFCD0FE9F6DBF" author="Robba E. &amp; Pedriali L. &amp; Quaggiotto E." pageId="17" pageNumber="132" pagination="109 - 234" refId="ref20434" refString="Robba E., Pedriali L. &amp; Quaggiotto E. 2016. Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene naticid gastropods of northern Italy. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 122: 109 - 234." type="journal article" year="2016">
Robba
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FF26FCFCFF596DBF" box="[190,249,888,914]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">et al.</emphasis>
2016
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Genus
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species
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Brocchi, 1814
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FDDBFB55FD796AC7" bold="true" box="[579,729,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Pisanianura</emphasis>
?
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, pl. 11 fig. 24.
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• 4 specs;
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(H = 25.4, W =
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<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3AFFD4FA86FA20FEA66BCF" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">MGGC 22307</specimenCode>
(H = 15.8, W =
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),
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3AFFD4FDCAFA4DFBE06BCF" box="[594,1088,1480,1506]" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" specimenCode="MGGC 22308" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3AFFD4FDCAFA4DFD5C6BCF" box="[594,764,1480,1506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">MGGC 22308</specimenCode>
(H = 27.0, W =
<quantity id="87579B589C3AFFD4FC5DFA4DFB936BCF" box="[965,1075,1480,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="23.4">23.4 mm</quantity>
),
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<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3AFFD4FBD1FA4DFED16828" collectionCode="MGGC" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" specimenCode="MGGC 22309" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3AFFD4FBD1FA4DFB526BCF" box="[1097,1266,1480,1506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">MGGC 22309</specimenCode>
(H = 23.4, W =
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).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3AFFD4FF25F9A9FB7269A2" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" type="discussion">
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<heading id="1B5881D19C3AFFD4FF25F9A9FE8F686B" bold="true" box="[189,303,1580,1606]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FF25F9A9FE8F686B" bold="true" box="[189,303,1580,1606]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3AFFD4FF25F9DEFB7269A2" blockId="17.[189,1399,1627,1935]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FF25F9DEFEFE6858" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[189,350,1627,1653]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Anura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FF25F9DEFEFE6858" box="[189,350,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Anura pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FD2BF9DEFCC86858" author="Bellardi L." box="[691,872,1627,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi (1873)</bibRefCitation>
from the Middle Miocene of the Turin hills; it was reported to reach
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in height and as being rare. The specimens of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FBFDF9FAFB4368B5" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[1125,1251,1662,1688]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Anura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FBFDF9FAFBD568B5" box="[1125,1141,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">P</emphasis>
.?
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FB0BF9FBFB4368B5" box="[1171,1251,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Castel di Casio appear to have fewer and more widely spaced spiral threads than
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FBAFF927FAD66896" authority="(Bellardi, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1079,1398,1697,1723]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Pisanianura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="craverii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FBAFF927FB126896" box="[1079,1202,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">P. craverii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FB5AF924FACE6896" author="Bellardi L." box="[1218,1390,1697,1723]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(see illustrations in
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FE30F941FDED68F2" author="Bellardi L." box="[424,589,1732,1759]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi 1873</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FDC2F940FC0168F2" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[602,929,1732,1759]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref16981" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1981. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte I. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 6: 1 - 327. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58567944 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1981">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FCB8F940FCFC68F3" box="[800,860,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">et al.</emphasis>
1981
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FC36F941FB5C68F2" author="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M." box="[942,1276,1732,1759]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" pagination="135 - 137" refId="ref19018" refString="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M. 2012. An addition to the tonnoidean gastropods of the middle Miocene Paratethys: the genus Pisanianura Rovereto, 1899. Cainozoic Research 9: 135 - 137." type="journal article" year="2012">Landau &amp; Harzhauser 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Miocene and Pliocene species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FE41F96DFD72692F" authority="Bellardi, 1873" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[473,722,1768,1794]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Anura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FE41F96DFD82692F" box="[473,546,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Anura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FDB1F96DFD72692F" author="Bellardi L." box="[553,722,1768,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi, 1873</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
reported by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FCFFF96DFBBC692F" author="Bellardi L." box="[871,1052,1768,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" refId="ref15589" refString="Bellardi L. 1873. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte I. Cephalopoda, Pteropoda, Heteropoda, Gastropoda (Muricidae et Tritonidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1873">Bellardi (1873)</bibRefCitation>
were mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FA94F96DFEDB6908" author="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P." pageId="17" pageNumber="132" pagination="56 - 102" refId="ref22080" refString="Waren A. &amp; Bouchet P. 1990. Laubierinidae and Pisanianurinae (Ranellidae), two new deep-sea taxa of the Tonnoidea (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). The Veliger 33: 56 - 102." type="journal article" year="1990">Warén &amp; Bouchet (1990)</bibRefCitation>
when discussing
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FDF8F889FD516908" authorityName="Rovereto" authorityYear="1899" box="[608,753,1804,1829]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Pisanianura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FDF8F889FD516908" box="[608,753,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Pisanianura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They regarded the middle Miocene
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FB53F88EFAF06908" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1227,1360,1803,1829]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Pisanianura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="craverii">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FB53F88EFAF06908" box="[1227,1360,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">A. craverii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as belonging to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FEC2F8AAFE4A6965" authorityName="Rovereto" authorityYear="1899" box="[346,490,1839,1864]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Pisanianura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FEC2F8AAFE4A6965" box="[346,490,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Pisanianura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but considered the position of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FCFAF8ABFC736965" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[866,979,1838,1864]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Anura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FCFAF8ABFC736965" box="[866,979,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">A. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as “more doubtful”. This view was adopted by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3AFFD4FED1F8D4FD096946" author="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M." box="[329,681,1873,1899]" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" pagination="135 - 137" refId="ref19018" refString="Landau B. &amp; Harzhauser M. 2012. An addition to the tonnoidean gastropods of the middle Miocene Paratethys: the genus Pisanianura Rovereto, 1899. Cainozoic Research 9: 135 - 137." type="journal article" year="2012">Landau &amp; Harzhauser (2012)</bibRefCitation>
. Because our specimens neither preserve the protoconch nor allow a clear view on the aperture, we assigned
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FD77F8F0FCC069A3" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1873" box="[751,864,1908,1935]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Anura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FD77F8F0FCC069A3" box="[751,864,1908,1935]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">A. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only hesitantly to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3AFFD4FBA2F8F0FB6B69A3" authorityName="Rovereto" authorityYear="1899" box="[1082,1227,1909,1934]" class="Gastropoda" family="Laubierinidae" genus="Pisanianura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="17" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3AFFD4FBA2F8F0FB6B69A3" box="[1082,1227,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="132">Pisanianura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C39FFD7FF25FE8DFC406F62" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" blockId="18.[189,637,264,291]" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
<heading id="1B5881D19C39FFD7FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C39FFD7FF25FE8DFDDD6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,637,264,291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C39FFD7FF25FEB3FC406F62" blockId="18.[189,992,309,336]" box="[189,992,309,336]" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">
Upper Oligocene (upper Chattian) to Upper Miocene, northern
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C39FFD7FC3DFEB0FC7D6F62" box="[933,989,309,335]" name="Italy" pageId="18" pageNumber="133">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
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Genus
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3CFFD2FDC2F914FC7A6881" ID-CoL="4834Y" authority="Bronn, 1831" authorityName="Bronn" authorityYear="1831" box="[602,986,1681,1708]" class="Bivalvia" family="Nuculidae" genus="Nucula" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculida" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3CFFD2FDC2F914FD146881" bold="true" box="[602,692,1681,1708]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">Nucula</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3CFFD2FD71F914FC9F6881" bold="true" box="[745,831,1681,1708]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">sulcata</emphasis>
Bronn, 1831
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C3CFFD2FD43F930FCF868E2" box="[731,856,1717,1743]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3CFFD2FD43F930FCF868E2" blockId="23.[602,986,1681,1743]" box="[731,856,1717,1743]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">
<figureCitation id="D8942A389C3CFFD2FD43F930FCF868E2" box="[731,856,1717,1743]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1250,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-165@24.[189,1398,1250,1816]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 8. Protobranch bivalves from Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AD. The nuculid Nucula aff. sulcata Bronn, 1831. A. MSF 2366. B. Right valve from Le Colline (MSF 1212). C. Right valve from Le Colline (MSF 1210).D. Left valve from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1311). EF. The solemyid Acharax doderleini (Mayer, 1861) from Ca Fornace erratics. E. External mold of right valve (MSF 2361). F. Internal mold of right valve (MSF 2360)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350731/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">Fig. 8AD</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C3CFFD2FF25F973FED169A8" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3CFFD2FF25F973FE0A693D" blockId="23.[189,426,1782,1808]" box="[189,426,1782,1808]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3CFFD2FF25F973FE0A693D" bold="true" box="[189,426,1782,1808]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3CFFD2FF25F973FE0A693D" bold="true" box="[189,426,1782,1808]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3CFFD2FF25F8A0FED169A8" blockId="23.[189,1399,1828,1926]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3CFFD2FF25F8A0FC626912" box="[189,962,1828,1855]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Le Colline" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" specimenCode="MSF 1210" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
<collectingCountry id="38B8762D9C3CFFD2FF25F8A0FEAF6912" box="[189,271,1829,1855]" name="Italy" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">ITALY</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3CFFD2FEB3F8A0FE326912" bold="true" box="[299,402,1829,1855]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">
<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C3CFFD2FEB3F8A0FE326912" box="[299,402,1829,1855]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 3 specs;
<location id="457060669C3CFFD2FD97F8A0FD2F6912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C3CFFDDFDC2F914FD586C2C:457060669C3CFFD2FD97F8A0FD2F6912" box="[527,655,1829,1855]" country="Italy" name="Le Colline" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" stateProvince="Tuscany">Le Colline</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3CFFD2FD02F8A0FCB76912" box="[666,791,1829,1855]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">MSF 1210</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C3CFFD2FCCFF8A1FC146912" box="[855,948,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3CFFD2FC50F8A0FB546912" box="[968,1268,1829,1855]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" specimenCode="MSF 1212" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3CFFD2FC50F8A0FBE56912" box="[968,1093,1829,1855]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">MSF 1212</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C3CFFD2FB11F8A0FB466912" box="[1161,1254,1829,1855]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="7.3">7.3 mm</quantity>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3CFFD2FB62F8A0FAD76913" box="[1274,1399,1828,1855]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" specimenCode="MSF 2366" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3CFFD2FB62F8A0FAD76913" box="[1274,1399,1828,1855]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">MSF 2366</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3CFFD2FF56F8CDFC1B694E" box="[206,955,1864,1891]" collectionCode="NRM" country="Italy" location="Tuscany" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" specimenCode="NRM Mo 205366" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C3CFFD2FF56F8CDFE82694F" box="[206,290,1864,1890]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3CFFD2FD72F8CDFC1B694E" box="[746,955,1864,1891]" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">NRM Mo 205366</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3CFFD2FC4AF8CDFECC69A8" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" specimenCode="MSF 1311" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toscana">
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C3CFFD2FC4AF8CDFB86694F" box="[978,1062,1864,1890]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="457060669C3CFFD2FBA9F8CDFB51694F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C3CFFDDFDC2F914FD586C2C:457060669C3CFFD2FBA9F8CDFB51694F" box="[1073,1265,1864,1890]" country="Italy" name="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" stateProvince="Toscana">Ca Cavalmagra</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3CFFD2FB64F8CDFAD7694F" box="[1276,1399,1864,1890]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="23" pageNumber="138">MSF 1311</specimenCode>
(L =
<quantity id="87579B589C3CFFD2FF6FF8EEFEC469A8" box="[247,356,1899,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="23" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="10.7">10.7 mm</quantity>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B565369C33FFDDFF25FE8CFD586C2C" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C33FFDDFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" blockId="24.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<heading id="1B5881D19C33FFDDFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C33FFDDFF25FEB2FD586C2C" blockId="24.[189,1399,311,514]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFF25FEB2FED16F7C" authorityName="Bronn" authorityYear="1831" box="[189,369,311,337]" class="Bivalvia" family="Nuculidae" genus="Nucula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFF25FEB2FED16F7C" box="[189,369,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Nucula sulcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an extant taxon, common in the European Neogene and Quaternary, its taxonomic history, nomenclature, and distribution was extensively discussed by
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFC6CFEDEFB1A6F59" author="La Perna R." box="[1012,1210,346,373]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="109 - 140" refId="ref18984" refString="La Perna R. 2007. Revision of the Nuculidae (Bivalvia: Protobranchia) from the Cerulli Irelli collection (Pleistocene, Mediterranean). Palaeontographica Italica 91: 109 - 140." type="journal article" year="2007">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFC6CFEDEFBFF6F58" box="[1012,1119,347,373]" class="Bivalvia" family="Lucinidae" genus="Lucina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perna">La Perna</taxonomicName>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
. The specimens illustrated here resemble
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFE6EFEF8FD0D6FBA" authorityName="Bronn" authorityYear="1831" box="[502,685,381,407]" class="Bivalvia" family="Nuculidae" genus="Nucula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFE6EFEF8FD0D6FBA" box="[502,685,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Nucula sulcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general outline, but with the hinge features obscured, our assignment remains tentative.
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C33FFDDFDFAFE24FC016F96" author="Lucente C. C. &amp; Taviani M." box="[610,929,416,443]" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" pagination="176 - 190" refId="ref19301" refString="Lucente C. C. &amp; Taviani M. 2005. Chemosynthetic communities as fingerprints of submarine slidinglinked hydrocarbon seepage, Miocene deep-sea strata of the Tuscan-Romagna Apennines, Italy. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 227: 176 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2005.04.025" type="journal article" year="2005">Lucente &amp; Taviani (2005)</bibRefCitation>
recorded a
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C33FFDDFBA2FE24FB1D6F96" box="[1082,1213,417,443]" class="Bivalvia" family="Nuculidae" genus="Nucula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculida" pageId="24" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C33FFDDFBA2FE24FB2F6F96" box="[1082,1167,417,443]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="139">Nucula</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
of comparable dimensions (only a mold) associated with large vesicomyids from Serravallian-aged hydrocarbonimprinted sediments in the Romagna Apennines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
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Genus
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FD00FBF1FCAC6AA2" bold="true" box="[664,780,1140,1167]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Turricula</emphasis>
Schumacher, 1817
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<typeStatus id="9F14881F9C3DFFD3FF25FB33FF5A6AFD" box="[189,250,1206,1232]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Type</typeStatus>
species
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3DFFD3FF25FB60FD886AD2" authority="Linnaeus, 1767" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[189,552,1253,1279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="javanus">
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Linnaeus, 1767
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FDC8FB60FC896AD2" box="[592,809,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Turricula flammea</emphasis>
Schumacher, 1817
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View file

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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C3DFFD3FD75FD9AFCE76C14" box="[749,839,543,569]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,695,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-77@21.[189,1398,695,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 7. Neogastropoda Wenz, 1938 and Heterobranchia Burmeister, 1837 from Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AC. The eosiphonid Eosipho hoernesi (Bellardi, 1872). AB. Specimen with well-preserved aperture, from Ca Piantè (MSF 1070). C. Specimen showing details of spiral ornament, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204839). D. The buccinid Neptunea? sp. from Le Colline (MSF 2359). EF. The olivid Olivella longispira Bellardi, 1882. E. From Le Colline (MSF 1202). F. From Guzzano (MGGC 22310). G. The turrid Turris citima (Bellardi, 1877), from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1307). HI. The turrid Turricula sp., from Ca Piantè (MSF 1081). J. The pyramidellid (Heterobranchia) Turbonilla sp., from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1305)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350729/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C3DFFD3FF25FDE5FCA16C56" blockId="22.[189,769,608,635]" box="[189,769,608,635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">
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<treatmentCitation id="C10E10AC9C3DFFD3FF25FDE5FDD56C56" author="Bellardi L." box="[189,629,608,635]" page="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3DFFD3FF25FDE5FDD56C56" authority="Bellardi, 1877: 17" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1877" box="[189,629,608,635]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Pleurotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FF25FDE5FE376C57" box="[189,407,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Pleurotoma citima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3DFFD3FE06FDE5FDD56C56" author="Bellardi L." box="[414,629,608,635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" refId="ref15640" refString="Bellardi L. 1877. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte II (Pleurotomidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1877">Bellardi, 1877: 17</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 1 fig. 7.
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<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3DFFD3FF25FD27FE376C91" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1877" box="[189,407,674,700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Pleurotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citima">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FF25FD27FE376C91" box="[189,407,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Pleurotoma citima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3DFFD3FE2CFD27FD596C91" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[436,761,674,700]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref16981" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1981. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte I. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 6: 1 - 327. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58567944 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1981">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FDE0FD26FD136C91" box="[632,691,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
1981
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 8 fig. 1ab.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3DFFD3FF25FD66FC516D01" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3DFFD3FF25FD66FE0A6CD0" blockId="22.[189,426,739,765]" box="[189,426,739,765]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3DFFD3FF25FD66FE0A6CD0" bold="true" box="[189,426,739,765]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FF25FD66FE0A6CD0" bold="true" box="[189,426,739,765]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C3DFFD3FF25FC97FC516D01" blockId="22.[189,1009,786,812]" box="[189,1009,786,812]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">
<materialsCitation id="F0C73CE09C3DFFD3FF25FC97FC4D6D01" box="[189,1005,786,812]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Italy" location="Ca' Cavalmagra" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" specimenCode="MSF 1307" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuscany">
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<collectingRegion id="826BF85F9C3DFFD3FEB4FC97FE336D01" box="[300,403,786,812]" country="Italy" name="Toscana" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="56A9FD349C3DFFD3FE34FC97FE5E6D01" box="[428,510,786,812]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3DFFD3FD42FC97FCF76D01" box="[730,855,786,812]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">MSF 1307</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C3DFFD3FC04FC97FC456D01" box="[924,997,786,812]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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.
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3DFFD3FF25FCD6FAF26DB1" box="[189,1362,851,924]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3DFFD3FF25FCD6FE8F6D40" blockId="22.[189,303,851,877]" box="[189,303,851,877]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3DFFD3FF25FCD6FE8F6D40" bold="true" box="[189,303,851,877]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FF25FCD6FE8F6D40" bold="true" box="[189,303,851,877]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C3DFFD3FF25FC07FAF26DB1" blockId="22.[189,1362,898,924]" box="[189,1362,898,924]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3DFFD3FF25FC07FED26DB1" author="Bellardi L." box="[189,370,898,924]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" refId="ref15640" refString="Bellardi L. 1877. I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte II (Pleurotomidae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1877">Bellardi (1877)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species as being infrequent in Middle Miocene strata of the Turin hills.
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3DFFD3FF25FC46FD956A21" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3DFFD3FF25FC46FDDD6DF0" blockId="22.[189,637,963,989]" box="[189,637,963,989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3DFFD3FF25FC46FDDD6DF0" bold="true" box="[189,637,963,989]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="137" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3DFFD3FF25FC46FDDD6DF0" bold="true" box="[189,637,963,989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="137">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
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Middle Miocene, northern
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.
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<heading id="1B5881D19C3FFFD1FDA7FA69FC54682B" box="[575,1012,1516,1543]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3FFFD1FDA7FA69FC54682B" authority="Bellardi, 1882" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1882" box="[575,1012,1516,1543]" class="Gastropoda" family="Olividae" genus="Olivella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longispira">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FDA7FA69FD3E682A" bold="true" box="[575,670,1516,1543]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Olivella</emphasis>
cf.
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C3FFFD1FD47F98AFCF56807" box="[735,853,1551,1578]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,695,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-77@21.[189,1398,695,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 7. Neogastropoda Wenz, 1938 and Heterobranchia Burmeister, 1837 from Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AC. The eosiphonid Eosipho hoernesi (Bellardi, 1872). AB. Specimen with well-preserved aperture, from Ca Piantè (MSF 1070). C. Specimen showing details of spiral ornament, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204839). D. The buccinid Neptunea? sp. from Le Colline (MSF 2359). EF. The olivid Olivella longispira Bellardi, 1882. E. From Le Colline (MSF 1202). F. From Guzzano (MGGC 22310). G. The turrid Turris citima (Bellardi, 1877), from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1307). HI. The turrid Turricula sp., from Ca Piantè (MSF 1081). J. The pyramidellid (Heterobranchia) Turbonilla sp., from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1305)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350729/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Fig. 7EF</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25F9D4FE3C6846" box="[189,412,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Olivella longispira</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3FFFD1FE3BF9D4FD296846" author="Bellardi L." box="[419,649,1617,1643]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" refId="ref15681" refString="Bellardi L. 1882. I Molluschi dei terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte III. Gasteropoda (Buccinidae, Cyclopsidae, Purpuridae, Coralliophilidae, Olividae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1882">Bellardi, 1882: 221</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 12 fig. 37.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25F917FE3C6881" box="[189,412,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Olivella longispira</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3FFFD1FE21F916FC966881" author="Ferrero Mortara E. L. &amp; Montefameglio L. &amp; Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R." box="[441,822,1682,1709]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref16981" refString="Ferrero Mortara E. L., Montefameglio L., Pavia G. &amp; Tampieri R. 1981. Catalogo dei tipi e degli esemplari figurati della collezione Bellardi e Sacco. Parte I. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Cataloghi 6: 1 - 327. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58567944 [accessed 25 Oct. 2023]." type="journal article" year="1981">
Ferrero Mortara
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FDE4F916FD176881" box="[636,695,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">et al.</emphasis>
1981: 133
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, pl. 35 fig. 3ab.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25F956FE0A68C0" bold="true" box="[189,426,1747,1773]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
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</emphasis>
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;
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(H =
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.
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;
<location id="457060669C3FFFD1FF25F8A3FE9D6912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80687AB9C3FFFD0FDA7FA69FD076C2A:457060669C3FFFD1FF25F8A3FE9D6912" box="[189,317,1829,1856]" country="Italy" name="Le Colline" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" stateProvince="Tuscany">Le Colline</location>
;
<specimenCode id="10099EC69C3FFFD1FED1F8A3FE66696D" box="[329,454,1830,1856]" collectionCode="MSF" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7f85-3xtv" name="Sauriermuseum Frick" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">MSF 1202</specimenCode>
(H =
<quantity id="87579B589C3FFFD1FD93F8A3FDD9696D" box="[523,633,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" unit="mm" value="13.4">13.4 mm</quantity>
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.
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<heading id="1B5881D19C3EFFD0FF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="136" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3EFFD0FF25FE8CFE8F6F0E" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="21" pageNumber="136">Remarks</emphasis>
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Although the base of the aperture is not preserved in either of the two available specimens, they are here assigned to
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3EFFD0FED3FEDFFD8B6F59" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1882" box="[331,555,346,372]" class="Gastropoda" family="Olividae" genus="Olivella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="136" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longispira">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3EFFD0FED3FEDFFD8B6F59" box="[331,555,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="136">Olivella longispira</emphasis>
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due to their slender shells with a tall spire. This species was originally described from the Middle Miocene of the Turin hills, where it reaches
<quantity id="87579B589C3EFFD0FC61FEFBFBEA6FB5" box="[1017,1098,382,408]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
in height (
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3EFFD0FB5DFEF8FACB6FB5" author="Bellardi L." box="[1221,1387,381,408]" pageId="21" pageNumber="136" refId="ref15681" refString="Bellardi L. 1882. I Molluschi dei terreni Terziari del Piemonte e della Liguria, Parte III. Gasteropoda (Buccinidae, Cyclopsidae, Purpuridae, Coralliophilidae, Olividae). Stamperia Reale, Torino. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12269" type="book" year="1882">Bellardi 1882</bibRefCitation>
).
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3EFFD0FF24FE3AFD076C2A" pageId="21" pageNumber="136" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3EFFD0FF24FE3AFDDC6FF4" blockId="21.[188,636,447,473]" box="[188,636,447,473]" pageId="21" pageNumber="136">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3EFFD0FF24FE3AFDDC6FF4" bold="true" box="[188,636,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="136" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3EFFD0FF24FE3AFDDC6FF4" bold="true" box="[188,636,447,473]" pageId="21" pageNumber="136">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3EFFD0FF25FE6BFD076C2A" blockId="21.[189,679,493,520]" box="[189,679,493,520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="136">
Lower to Middle Miocene, northern
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FD5CFDE9FC996CAB" bold="true" box="[708,825,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Neptunea</emphasis>
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? sp.
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<figureCitation id="D8942A389C3FFFD1FD75FD0BFCE76C84" box="[749,839,654,681]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,695,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-77@21.[189,1398,695,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 7. Neogastropoda Wenz, 1938 and Heterobranchia Burmeister, 1837 from Miocene Calcari a Lucina seep deposits in northern Italy. AC. The eosiphonid Eosipho hoernesi (Bellardi, 1872). AB. Specimen with well-preserved aperture, from Ca Piantè (MSF 1070). C. Specimen showing details of spiral ornament, from Ca Rovereti (NRM Mo 204839). D. The buccinid Neptunea? sp. from Le Colline (MSF 2359). EF. The olivid Olivella longispira Bellardi, 1882. E. From Le Colline (MSF 1202). F. From Guzzano (MGGC 22310). G. The turrid Turris citima (Bellardi, 1877), from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1307). HI. The turrid Turricula sp., from Ca Piantè (MSF 1081). J. The pyramidellid (Heterobranchia) Turbonilla sp., from Ca Cavalmagra (MSF 1305)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10350729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10350729/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25FD55FE0A6CC7" bold="true" box="[189,426,720,746]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Material examined</emphasis>
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<heading id="1B5881D19C3FFFD1FF25FCC5FEEE6D77" bold="true" box="[189,334,832,858]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25FCC5FEEE6D77" bold="true" box="[189,334,832,858]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Description</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="401036BD9C3FFFD1FF25FCEBFC056D81" blockId="20.[189,1399,878,940]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Tall, slender shell, incised suture, at least three whorls, ten or more low, flat-topped spiral cords, earlier whorls with ca 10 broad, blunt axial ribs with wide interspaces.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3FFFD1FF25FC56FB276A4F" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25FC56FE8F6DC0" bold="true" box="[189,303,979,1005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Remarks</emphasis>
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Shows the typical sculpture of
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FDB5FB87FD3D6A36" box="[557,669,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Neptunea</emphasis>
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, but also of other buccinids including
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FBFFFB87FB7C6A36" box="[1127,1244,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Buccinum</emphasis>
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or
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FA9DFB87FAD76A36" box="[1285,1399,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Beringius</emphasis>
Dall, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, or the high-spired species of
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D3E9C3FFFD1FD36FBA0FC646A12" authority="Dall, 1918" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1918" box="[686,964,1061,1087]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Aulacofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FD36FBA0FC9D6A12" box="[686,829,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Aulacofusus</emphasis>
Dall, 1918
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B4C9C3FFFD1FC4DFBA0FB566A12" author="Kosyan A. R. &amp; Kantor Y. I." box="[981,1270,1061,1087]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref18898" refString="Kosyan A. R. &amp; Kantor Y. I. 2013. Revision of the genus Aulacofusus Dall, 1918 (Gastropoda: Buccinidae). Ruthenica 23: 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="2013">Kosyan &amp; Kantor 2013</bibRefCitation>
). The only available specimen has a much higher spire than
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<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FD64FBCDFC696A4F" box="[764,969,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Eosipho hoernesi</emphasis>
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reported above.
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<subSubSection id="08B565369C3FFFD1FF25FB0CFC876AFF" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401036BD9C3FFFD1FF25FB0CFDDD6A89" blockId="20.[189,637,1161,1188]" box="[189,637,1161,1188]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">
<heading id="1B5881D19C3FFFD1FF25FB0CFDDD6A89" bold="true" box="[189,637,1161,1188]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="135" reason="3">
<emphasis id="72DBEAAF9C3FFFD1FF25FB0CFDDD6A89" bold="true" box="[189,637,1161,1188]" pageId="20" pageNumber="135">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Middle Miocene (lower Serravallian), northern
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@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
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Genus
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Swainson, 1831
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species
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Wood, 1828
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Swainson, 1831
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<paragraph id="401036AEFF8B064AD6CCFB872DE50C46" blockId="1.[151,664,1078,1104]" box="[151,664,1078,1104]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
<heading id="1B5881C2FF8B064AD6CCFB872DE50C46" bold="true" box="[151,664,1078,1104]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD6CCFB872DE50C46" bold="true" box="[151,664,1078,1104]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
Family?
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD759FB872DE50C46" authority="Handlirsch, 1906" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[258,664,1078,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Archipsyllidae Handlirsch, 1906</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD6CCFBCC2E1F0C80" bold="true" box="[151,354,1149,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Included genera.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD730FBCC2DCA0C80" authority="Handlirsch, 1906" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[363,695,1149,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Archipsylla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD730FBCC2E960C83" box="[363,491,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Archipsylla</emphasis>
Handlirsch, 1906
</taxonomicName>
(
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genus),
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD506FBCC2B9F0C80" authority="Vishniakova, 1976" authorityName="Vishniakova" authorityYear="1976" box="[861,1250,1149,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Archipsyllodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD506FBCC2B7F0C83" box="[861,1026,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Archipsyllodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8B064AD250FBCC2B9F0C80" author="Vishniakova, V. N." box="[1035,1250,1149,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" pagination="180 - 188" refId="ref5563" refString="Vishniakova, V. N. (1976) Relict Archipsyllidae (Insecta: Psocoptera) in the Mesozoic fauna. Paleontological Journal, 10 (2), 180 - 188." type="journal article" year="1976">Vishniakova, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD2ABFBCC2E120CAC" authority="Vishniakova, 1976" authorityName="Vishniakova" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Archipsyllopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD2ABFBCC2AE10C83" box="[1264,1436,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Archipsyllopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8B064AD6CCFB102E120CAC" author="Vishniakova, V. N." box="[151,367,1185,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" pagination="180 - 188" refId="ref5563" refString="Vishniakova, V. N. (1976) Relict Archipsyllidae (Insecta: Psocoptera) in the Mesozoic fauna. Paleontological Journal, 10 (2), 180 - 188." type="journal article" year="1976">Vishniakova, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD720FB132CFF0CAC" authority="Beutel, Prokop, Muller et Pohl" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[379,898,1185,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD720FB132D650CAF" box="[379,536,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Bittacopsocus</emphasis>
Beutel, Prokop, Müller et Pohl
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857C7FF8B064AD5D1FB132C880CAF" box="[906,1013,1186,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD258FB102FAE0CC8" authority="Liang, Zhang and Liu, 2016" authorityName="Liang, Zhang and Liu" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Burmopsylla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD258FB102BEF0CAF" box="[1027,1170,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Burmopsylla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8B064AD2C0FB102FAE0CC8" author="Liang, F. &amp; Zhang, W. &amp; Liu, X." pageId="1" pageNumber="358" pagination="483 - 490" refId="ref5052" refString="Liang, F., Zhang, W. &amp; Liu, X. (2016) A new genus and species of the paraneopteran family Archipsyllidae in mid-Cretaceous amber of Myanmar. Zootaxa, 4105 (5), 483 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4105.5.4" type="journal article" year="2016">Liang, Zhang and Liu, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD686FB742D670CC8" authority="Vishniakova, 1976" authorityName="Vishniakova" authorityYear="1976" box="[221,538,1221,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Eopsylla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD686FB742E420CCB" box="[221,319,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Eopsylla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8B064AD71DFB742D670CC8" author="Vishniakova, V. N." box="[326,538,1221,1246]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" pagination="180 - 188" refId="ref5563" refString="Vishniakova, V. N. (1976) Relict Archipsyllidae (Insecta: Psocoptera) in the Mesozoic fauna. Paleontological Journal, 10 (2), 180 - 188." type="journal article" year="1976">Vishniakova, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD47EFB742DB80CCB" box="[549,709,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Mydioganthus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8B064AD497FB742B5B0CC8" author="Yoshizawa, K. &amp; Lienhard, C." box="[716,1062,1221,1246]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" pagination="229 - 245" refId="ref5596" refString="Yoshizawa, K. &amp; Lienhard, C. (2016) Bridging the gap between chewing and sucking in the hemipteroid insects: new insights from Cretaceous amber. Zootaxa, 4079 (2), 229 - 245. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4079.2.5" type="journal article" year="2016">Yoshizawa and Lienhard, 2016</bibRefCitation>
and
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD200FB742FAE0D14" authority="Huang et al., 2016" authorityName="Huang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Psocorrhyncha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD200FB742A7B0CCB" box="[1115,1286,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Psocorrhyncha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8B064AD357FB772FAE0D14" author="Huang, D. Y. &amp; Bechly, G. &amp; Nel, P. &amp; Engel, M. S. &amp; Prokop, J. &amp; Azar, D. &amp; Casi, Ch. - Y. &amp; van de Kamp, T. &amp; Staniczek, A. H. &amp; Garrouste, R. &amp; Krogmann, L. &amp; dos Santos Rolo, T. &amp; Baumbach, T. &amp; Ohlhoff, R. &amp; Shmakov, A. S. &amp; Bourgouin, T." pageId="1" pageNumber="358" pagination="23004" refId="ref4910" refString="Huang, D. Y., Bechly, G., Nel, P., Engel, M. S., Prokop, J., Azar, D., Casi, Ch. - Y., van de Kamp, T., Staniczek, A. H., Garrouste, R., Krogmann, L., dos Santos Rolo, T., Baumbach, T., Ohlhoff, R., Shmakov, A. S., Bourgouin, T. &amp; Nel. A. (2016) New fossil insect order Permopsocida elucidates major radiation and evolution of suction feeding in hemimetabolous insects (Hexapoda: Acercaria). Scientific Reports, 6, 23004. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 23004" type="journal article" year="2016">
Huang
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD306FB772AE10CCB" box="[1373,1436,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">et al.,</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
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<mods:title id="8DE21F22096C8B2616A832F8CE9D579D">† Bittacopsocus- a new bizarre genus of † Permopsocida (Insecta) from Burmese Cretaceous amber</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="51DDF6722B24E0599F92D9A8DF751DF2">Müller, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="1B5881C2FF8B064AD6CCF9B22C940E0B" bold="true" box="[151,1001,1538,1565]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD6CCF9B22C940E0B" bold="true" box="[151,1001,1538,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD6FEF9B32CF90E0B" authority="Beutel, Prokop, Muller et Pohl" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[165,900,1538,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD6FEF9B32D7D0E0A" bold="true" box="[165,512,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Bittacopsocus megacephalus</emphasis>
Beutel, Prokop, Müller
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD574F9B32C390E0A" bold="true" box="[815,836,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">et</emphasis>
Pohl
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E857C7FF8B064AD5D7F9B22C940E0B" box="[908,1001,1539,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="08B56525FF8B064AD6CCF9F82B1E0EBF" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8B064AD6CCF9F82B1E0EBF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1609,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD6CCF9F82EFF0E74" bold="true" box="[151,386,1609,1634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Material examined.</emphasis>
Currently only one nearly complete specimen is known (No. BUB2853). The winged adult designated as the
<typeStatus id="9F14880CFF8B064AD732F9DC2EB60E90" box="[361,459,1645,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of the new species is housed in the collection of Patrick Müller (66894 Käshofen, Friedhofstrasse 9,
<collectingCountry id="38B8763EFF8B064AD706F9232EB70EBC" box="[349,458,1682,1706]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Germany</collectingCountry>
). The specimen will be made freely available upon request.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="08B56525FF8B064AD69CF9042AFB0F00" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8B064AD69CF9042AFB0F00" blockId="1.[151,1437,1609,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD69CF9042E330ED8" bold="true" box="[199,334,1717,1742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus name “
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD472F9072DBB0EDB" box="[553,710,1718,1741]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Bittacopsocus</emphasis>
” refers to the habitus resembling the mecopteran hanging flies (
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD6C5F9682E6B0EE4" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[158,278,1753,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bittacidae</taxonomicName>
), combined with “psocus” referring to the resemblance with
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8B064AD59EF96B2B3D0EE7" box="[965,1088,1754,1777]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Psocoptera</taxonomicName>
(barklice) (Greek “psōchos” = dust). The species epithet refers to the large relative size of the head (Greek “mega” = large, “cephalon” = head).
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B56525FF8B0648D69CF8902C5D0F35" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8B064AD69CF8902C620F94" blockId="1.[151,1437,1609,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8B064AD69CF8902E3C0F2C" bold="true" box="[199,321,1825,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
In the case of the fossil described here, it is not possible to assign a specific diagnosis to species and genus. Consequently, we provide only a single diagnosis. Parts of this can be assigned to a particular rank when further related new taxa will be discovered and described.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D06626FF880649D6CCF8392C8B0F88" box="[151,1014,1928,1950]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625018/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="359" startId="2.[151,250,1928,1950]" targetBox="[150,1436,193,1907]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF880649D6CCF8392C8B0F88" blockId="2.[151,1014,1928,1950]" box="[151,1014,1928,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="359">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF880649D6CCF8392E6E0F8B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1928,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="359">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
A, B, Microphotograph, †
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF880649D47BF8382C380F88" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[544,837,1928,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF880649D47BF8382C380F88" box="[544,837,1928,1950]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="359">Bittacopsocus megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from both sides.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="14D06626FF890648D6CCFB062C190CFA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625020/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="360" startId="3.[151,250,1207,1229]" targetBox="[186,1424,224,1176]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF890648D6CCFB062C190CFA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1207,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF890648D6CCFB062E6B0CDA" bold="true" box="[151,278,1207,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF890648D777FB082EA10CDB" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[300,476,1207,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF890648D777FB082EA10CDB" box="[300,476,1207,1230]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">B. megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, line drawing. Abbreviations: ab—abdomen, cx—coxa, fe—femur, fl—flagellomere, pedpedicellus, prn—pronotum, sc—scapus, ta—tarsomere, tr—trochanter.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF890648D69CFAA22C5D0F35" blockId="3.[151,1437,1299,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">
The new species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: body small, total length excluding legs ca.
<quantity id="87579B4BFF890648D733FA862EBC0D59" box="[360,449,1335,1360]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
; head semi-prognathous and flattened, very large, in relation to total body size, about as large as thoracic segments combined; mouthparts with elongate mandibles with strongly developed molar plate and long incisors; antennae extremely thin and seven-segmented; transverse crest present on vertex; pronotum with thin collar-like differentiation; pterothoracic segments subequal in size, mesothorax slightly larger; legs extremely elongated and thin, with four-segmented tarsi; wings very slender, forewings slightly larger, with distinct pterostigmata and two series of pentagonal, hexagonal and heptagonal cells delimited by crossveins; ScP connected to costa over short distance close to wing base, then diverging posteriorly towards radius; M + CuA basally attached to R; long fusion of veins M and CuA with successively diverging CuA1 and CuA2 enclosing a narrow, almost triangular cell, the areola postica; long crossvein cua-cup with alternating polarity from proximally convex to distally concave; anal area formed by two stiffened anal veins; A1 with numerous strong spines; forewing with three branches of RP and six main branches of M; hindwing with two branches of RP and four branches of M; abdomen slightly narrowed anteriorly, widest in middle region, apparently neither compressed dorsoventrally nor laterally; segmental borders distinctly recognizable in middle region; posteriorly with moderately enlarged last exposed sternum and small appendages, likely parameres.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08B56525FF89064CD69CF89E2B490973" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="3" pageNumber="360" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF890648D69CF89E2B200F79" blockId="3.[151,1437,1299,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF890648D69CF89E2E490F5E" bold="true" box="[199,308,1839,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">Remarks</emphasis>
. We assume that the specimen is a male as otherwise an exposed ovipositor (gonapophyses VIII and IX [=1
<superScript id="B7DA9BE6FF890648D6B9F8E22F910F77" attach="left" box="[226,236,1875,1889]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">st</superScript>
and 2
<superScript id="B7DA9BE6FF890648D76AF8E22E3C0F77" attach="left" box="[305,321,1875,1889]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">nd</superScript>
valve], as shown in
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF890648D47DF8E72D970F79" author="Liang, F. &amp; Zhang, W. &amp; Liu, X." box="[550,746,1878,1903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360" pagination="483 - 490" refId="ref5052" refString="Liang, F., Zhang, W. &amp; Liu, X. (2016) A new genus and species of the paraneopteran family Archipsyllidae in mid-Cretaceous amber of Myanmar. Zootaxa, 4105 (5), 483 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4105.5.4" type="journal article" year="2016">
Liang
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF890648D434F8E62DDD0F78" box="[623,672,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2B) should be recognizable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF890648D69CF8CB2DBC0F85" blockId="3.[151,1437,1299,2011]" box="[199,705,1914,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">
Description (adult male).
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF890648D7BDF8CB2D380F85" bold="true" box="[486,581,1914,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">Habitus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF890648D40FF8CB2DE60F85" box="[596,667,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, B, Microphotograph, †Bittacopsocus megacephalus, from both sides." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF890648D4F2F8CA2DC50F85" box="[681,696,1915,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[186,1424,224,1176]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[150,1436,193,1186]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. †B. megacephalus, line drawing. Abbreviations: ab—abdomen, cx—coxa, fe—femur, fl—flagellomere, pedpedicellus, prn—pronotum, sc—scapus, ta—tarsomere, tr—trochanter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625020/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF89064FD69CF82F2D9D08C3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1299,2011]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,213]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="3" pageNumber="360">
With very large head and relatively compact postcephalic body. Length from anterior cephalic margin to abdominal apex ca.
<quantity id="87579B4BFF890648D7DCF8732E990FCC" box="[391,484,1986,2011]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
, but legs much longer. Only few long setae recognizable but some regions like antennae, legs, outer margin of wings and posterior abdominal sternites with dense vestiture of short hairs. Coloration light brown, probably due to taphonomy.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D06626FF8E064FD6CCFC7F2E350C57" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625022/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="361" startId="4.[151,250,974,996]" targetBox="[279,1312,296,925]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8E064FD6CCFC7F2E350C57" blockId="4.[151,1436,974,1089]" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8E064FD6CCFC7F2E640BF2" bold="true" box="[151,281,974,996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8E064FD768FC612E9B0BF2" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[307,486,974,997]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8E064FD768FC612E9B0BF2" box="[307,486,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">B. megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, line drawings, A, head, dorsolateral view; B, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: aclanteclypeus, atp—anterior tentorial pit, ce—compound eye, col—collar, cor—coronal suture, cre—transverse crest, cx—coxa, ga—galea, lbr—labrum, md—mandible, oc—ocellus, pcl—postclypeus, ped—pedicellus, pl—labial palp, pmx—maxillary palp, sc—scapus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="14D06626FF8E064FD6CCF9522C2F0F01" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625024/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="361" startId="4.[151,250,1763,1785]" targetBox="[252,1337,1174,1685]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8E064FD6CCF9522C2F0F01" blockId="4.[151,1436,1763,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8E064FD6CCF9522E6A0EEE" bold="true" box="[151,279,1763,1785]" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8E064FD774F9552E9C0EEF" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,481,1763,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8E064FD774F9552E9C0EEF" box="[303,481,1763,1785]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">B. megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, wings. Abbreviations: Ap—areola postica, C—costa, CuA—cubitus anterior, M—media, RA—radius anterior, RP—radius posterior, ScP—subcosta posterior.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8E064ED69CF88F2DD60B2E" blockId="4.[151,1437,1854,2024]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,824]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">
Head (
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF8E064FD749F88F2EEC0F41" box="[274,401,1854,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,974,996]" captionTargetBox="[279,1312,296,925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,265,953]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. †B. megacephalus, line drawings, A, head, dorsolateral view; B, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: aclanteclypeus, atp—anterior tentorial pit, ce—compound eye, col—collar, cor—coronal suture, cre—transverse crest, cx—coxa, ga—galea, lbr—labrum, md—mandible, oc—ocellus, pcl—postclypeus, ped—pedicellus, pl—labial palp, pmx—maxillary palp, sc—scapus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625022/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="361">Figs 3A, B</figureCitation>
) semi-prognathous, moderately inclined, flattened. Large in relation to size of postcephalic body, head capsule longer than thoracic segments combined. Foramen occipitale large, neck region broadly connected with prothorax by exposed cervical membrane. Ventral closure of head well sclerotized, probably formed by gula, with dense pattern of distinct punctures. Coronal suture present, originates at anterior border of transverse crest, extends to middle region of compound eyes; other ecdysial sutures not recognizable, apparently absent. Compound eyes well-developed, with numerous ommatidia, oval, moderately flattened dorsoventrally, separated from ventral region of head capsule by distinct lateral edge. Median ocellus located between antennal insertion areas, paired ocelli present between middle region of compound eyes. Region of vertex with conspicuously raised transverse crest, continuous with lateral sub-ocular edge. Clypeus divided in longer postclypeus and shorter transverse anteclypeus; paraclypeal lobes (see
<bibRefCitation id="243E4B5FFF8F064ED5B5FE992BAF0956" author="Huang, D. Y. &amp; Bechly, G. &amp; Nel, P. &amp; Engel, M. S. &amp; Prokop, J. &amp; Azar, D. &amp; Casi, Ch. - Y. &amp; van de Kamp, T. &amp; Staniczek, A. H. &amp; Garrouste, R. &amp; Krogmann, L. &amp; dos Santos Rolo, T. &amp; Baumbach, T. &amp; Ohlhoff, R. &amp; Shmakov, A. S. &amp; Bourgouin, T." box="[1006,1234,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="362" pagination="23004" refId="ref4910" refString="Huang, D. Y., Bechly, G., Nel, P., Engel, M. S., Prokop, J., Azar, D., Casi, Ch. - Y., van de Kamp, T., Staniczek, A. H., Garrouste, R., Krogmann, L., dos Santos Rolo, T., Baumbach, T., Ohlhoff, R., Shmakov, A. S., Bourgouin, T. &amp; Nel. A. (2016) New fossil insect order Permopsocida elucidates major radiation and evolution of suction feeding in hemimetabolous insects (Hexapoda: Acercaria). Scientific Reports, 6, 23004. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 23004" type="journal article" year="2016">
Huang
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8F064ED21CFE982BFA0956" box="[1095,1159,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
: fig.
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) absent; postclypeus only very slightly convex; frontoclypeal and clypeolabral suture distinct, transverse. Right anterior tentorial pit recognizable at proximolateral edge of frontoclypeal suture. Free labrum well-developed, large, with curved, short setae on surface and longer setae along anterior edge. Antennal insertion areas located antero-dorsad anterior margin of compound eyes, widely separated. Scapus very large, slightly shorter than compound eyes, slightly narrowing proximad, then again widened at base; surface with indistinct pattern of short setae; pedicellus less than half as long as scapus and distinctly narrower, with oblique distal edge; pattern of setae similar to that of scapus; flagellum thin and very long, composed of only five segments, with dense pattern of spine-like setae; two first flagellomeres subequal in length, 2 slightly longer than 1; flagellomeres 3 and 4 almost equal in length, each slightly longer than 2; apical segment two-thirds the length of flagellomere 4, even thinner than proximal flagellomeres. Mandibles well-developed, long, slightly intercrossing in midline, with long incisors. Proximal maxillary parts not clearly recognizable, endite lobes not visible; maxillary palp slender, four-segmented, normally developed. Prementum very distinctly separated from proximal labial elements; labial endite lobes not recognizable; labial palp unmodified, slender, probably three-segmented, but proximal palpomere not clearly recognizable; apical palpomere spindle-shaped.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D06626FF8F064ED6CCF9BC2EE80E76" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625026/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="362" startId="5.[151,250,1549,1571]" targetBox="[388,1188,922,1491]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8F064ED6CCF9BC2EE80E76" blockId="5.[151,1436,1549,1632]" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8F064ED6CCF9BC2E6A0E34" bold="true" box="[151,279,1549,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8F064ED774F9BF2E9F0E35" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,482,1549,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8F064ED774F9BF2E9F0E35" box="[303,482,1549,1571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">B. megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, wing bases. A, forewing; B, hindwing. Abbreviations: A1, A2—anal veins, Ap—areola postica, CuA-CuP specialized crossvein, CuA—cubitus anterior, M—media, RA—radius anterior, RP—radius posterior, ScP—subcosta posterior.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8F064DD69CF9362C2E08EE" blockId="5.[151,1437,1671,2021]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1295]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">
Thorax (
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF8F064ED771F9362E0B0EB6" box="[298,374,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[186,1424,224,1176]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[150,1436,193,1186]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. †B. megacephalus, line drawing. Abbreviations: ab—abdomen, cx—coxa, fe—femur, fl—flagellomere, pedpedicellus, prn—pronotum, sc—scapus, ta—tarsomere, tr—trochanter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625020/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF8F064ED7DDF9392ED70EB6" box="[390,426,1672,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,974,996]" captionTargetBox="[279,1312,296,925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,265,953]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. †B. megacephalus, line drawings, A, head, dorsolateral view; B, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: aclanteclypeus, atp—anterior tentorial pit, ce—compound eye, col—collar, cor—coronal suture, cre—transverse crest, cx—coxa, ga—galea, lbr—labrum, md—mandible, oc—ocellus, pcl—postclypeus, ped—pedicellus, pl—labial palp, pmx—maxillary palp, sc—scapus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625022/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF8F064ED7E1F9392EB70EB6" box="[442,458,1672,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[252,1337,1174,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,1138,1741]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. †B. megacephalus, wings. Abbreviations: Ap—areola postica, C—costa, CuA—cubitus anterior, M—media, RA—radius anterior, RP—radius posterior, ScP—subcosta posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF8F064ED781F9362E950EB6" box="[474,488,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1549,1571]" captionTargetBox="[388,1188,922,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,877,1528]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. †B. megacephalus, wing bases. A, forewing; B, hindwing. Abbreviations: A1, A2—anal veins, Ap—areola postica, CuA-CuP specialized crossvein, CuA—cubitus anterior, M—media, RA—radius anterior, RP—radius posterior, ScP—subcosta posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625026/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="362">5</figureCitation>
) slightly longer than head. Cervical sclerites not recognizable, apparently absent. Pronotum anteriorly with thin-walled elevated ridge forming dorsal collar-like structure; posterior pronotal subunits present as two transverse bulges, anterior one with strong lateral seta. Pleural region with very distinct oblique line, probably representing propleural suture, ventrally reaching proximal procoxal margin. Precoxal sternal region sclerotized, well-developed, as wide as entire segment, about as long as procoxal base; profurcal or prospinal pits not recognizable. Procoxae medially adjacent, conical, about 1.5 as long as wide at base. Protrochantin not recognizable. Short protrochanter distinct, with group of pointed, anteriorly directed spine-like setae. Femur cylindrical, thin and elongated, about as long as head and thorax combined, slightly widening distally; surface with dense vestiture of short, spine-like setae. Tibia approximately 1.5 times as long as femur, distinctly thinner, smallest diameter in middle region; vestiture similar to that of femur; single stout tibial spur visible. Tarsus thin and four-segmented, without euplantulae or hairy soles; tarsomere 1 much longer than others, with similar vestiture as femur and tibia; tarsomere 2 about 1/3, 3 about half as long 2; distal segment longer than penultimate tarsomere, distinctly widening distally, with claw and arolium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8C064DD69CFEB52F92099E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">Both pterothoracic segments larger than prothorax, mesothorax slightly larger than metathorax. Mid legs similar to prolegs, but medially adjacent coxae more elongated, and hind legs distinctly longer than other two pairs. Details of meso- and metanotum and pleural regions not visible. Mesoventrite extensive, metaventrite much smaller.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8C064DD69CFE242BA00A49" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">
Two pairs of wings well-developed but narrow, with distinctly reduced anal field; pterostigma distinct, black, larger on hind wing. Forewing length
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, maximum width
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. Hind wings slightly shorter and narrower than fore wings, with fewer terminal branches of M. Row of distinct spines present at antero-basal edge, and also possible stridulatory organ close to wing base; entire margin of both wings with seam of fine long setae. Wing venation strongly affected by extremely narrow base, with a long stem of M + CuA; long part of anterior margin formed by C + Sc + RA; short branches of CuA1 and CuA2 diverge successively from M.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8C064DD69CFDDD2AFB0C4E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">
Forewing venation with two series of closed pentagonal, hexagonal and heptagonal cells; ScP basally connected to costa over short distance, then diverging obliquely towards radius
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distad of wing base; division of RA and RP
<quantity id="87579B4BFF8C064DD7FAFD052D780ADA" box="[417,517,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="363" unit="mm" value="0.97">0.97 mm</quantity>
from wing base; convex RA continues anteriad to connect with C + ScP towards wing apex; three short crossveins present between RA and RP short of the pterostigma; RP distally connected to anterior branch of M, ending with three branches, two of them directed anteriad and parallel, covering wing apex; pterostigma well developed, with distal limit
<quantity id="87579B4BFF8C064DD4C1FC912D820B21" box="[666,767,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="363" unit="mm" value="0.42">0.42 mm</quantity>
from wing apex; crossvein perpendicular to RA and to RP exactly below middle of pterostigma; M+CuA diverges posteriad from stem of R
<quantity id="87579B4BFF8C064DD26CFCF52BE10B4A" box="[1079,1180,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.77" pageId="6" pageNumber="363" unit="mm" value="1.77">1.77 mm</quantity>
from wing base; short posterior branches of CuA1 and CuA2 diverge successively from M forming areola postica as long and almost triangular cell; M deeply bifurcated shortly behind branch of CuA2; anterior branch zigzag-shaped, ending on posterior wing margin approximately at level of pterostigma; posterior branch also zigzag-shaped, with five main short posterior branches ending on posterior wing margin; long crossvein cua-cup present with alternating polarity from proximally convex to distally concave; division of CuA and CuP very close to wing base; slightly concave and faint CuP running nearly straight closely parallel to crossvein cua-cup towards posterior wing margin; two convex and reinforced anal veins A1 and A2 diverge
<quantity id="87579B4BFF8C064DD4B7FBF12C2D0C41" box="[748,848,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="363" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
from wing base; A1 with numerous strong spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8C064DD69CFBD52D9F0D19" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">
Hindwings similar to forewings in shape and general venation pattern, but slightly smaller and differing in several specific features: only one large closed cell present, located in distal 3
<superScript id="B7DA9BE6FF8C064DD256FB362B670C83" attach="left" box="[1037,1050,1159,1173]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">rd</superScript>
of wing; proximal rows of spines absent; ScP approaching costal margin close to wing base, afterwards connected with it over distance of
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, then diverging posteriad towards radius; RP ending with two branches at wing apex; M pectinate with four short posterior branches ending on posterior wing margin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14D06626FF8C064DD6CCF8082DFF0FF8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625028/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="363" startId="6.[151,250,1977,1999]" targetBox="[416,1153,1347,1920]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8C064DD6CCF8082DFF0FF8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1977,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8C064DD6CCF8082E6E0FD8" bold="true" box="[151,275,1977,1999]" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87AF4D2DFF8C064DD77DF80B2EAE0FD9" authorityName="Beutel &amp; Prokop &amp; Müller &amp; Pohl" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,467,1977,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Archipsyllidae" genus="Bittacopsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
<emphasis id="72DBEABCFF8C064DD77DF80B2EAE0FD9" box="[294,467,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="363">B. megacephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, abdomen. A, entire abdomen, right side; B, posterior abdomen, left side. Abbreviations: parparamere, prp—paraproct, sVIII—sternum VIII.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="401036AEFF8D064CD69CFF262B490973" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="364">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="D8942A2BFF8D064CD712FF262EEC08A6" box="[329,401,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1977,1999]" captionTargetBox="[416,1153,1347,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,1314,1956]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. †B. megacephalus, abdomen. A, entire abdomen, right side; B, posterior abdomen, left side. Abbreviations: parparamere, prp—paraproct, sVIII—sternum VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625028/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="364">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) probably composed of eight distinctly developed segments, but proximal segments not clearly visible. Anterior segments moderately narrowed but without distinct constriction. Presumptive segments IIIVII distinctly separated, with distinctly developed tergites and sternites of similar length. Tergites and sternites not overlapping. Presumptive sternite VIII elongated, forming subgenital plate; tergite VIII shorter but apparently strongly sclerotized. Paired processes, presumably parameres of aedeagus, recognizable between tergite and sternite VIII. Paraproct indistinctly visible on one side. Spiracles not recognizable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1134-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0973AEF60C1D54EBA960C4E252F447B0" ID-ZooBank="C79C5E40D9C64E3B816F0201713DBA77" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1134-129" checkinTime="1670590531721" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Brunke, Adam J." docDate="2022" docId="C806BB117C435FA98122B5BFAF3C1ED3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1134: 129-170" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1134" docPubDate="2022-12-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853" docTitle="Quediellus humilis Casey 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="0973AEF60C1D54EBA960C4E252F447B0" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="0973AEF60C1D54EBA960C4E252F447B0" masterDocTitle="A world generic revision of Quediini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae), part 1. Early diverging Nearctic lineages" masterLastPageNumber="170" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1670590531721" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>A world generic revision of Quediini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae), part 1. Early diverging Nearctic lineages</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Brunke, Adam J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">adam.j.brunke@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:number>2022-12-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1134</mods:number>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="taxonomic account">
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C806BB117C435FA98122B5BFAF3C1ED3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C806BB117C435FA98122B5BFAF3C1ED3" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName LSID="C806BB11-7C43-5FA9-8122-B5BFAF3C1ED3" authority="Casey" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus humilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humilis">Quediellus humilis Casey</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Holotype</emphasis>
(male, United States National Museum of Natural History, not examined)
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Cal”">&quot;Cal&quot;</normalizedToken>
. / Casey bequest 1925 / Type USNM 48306 /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus humilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humilis">Quediellus humilis</taxonomicName>
Csy.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that this specimen was a small male of
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. While it was not studied, several small non-type males were examined from northern California that perfectly fit the
<normalizedToken originalValue="nanulus">'nanulus'</normalizedToken>
morphotype, including some examined by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
himself and identified as
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Non-type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Canada: Alberta</emphasis>
: Marmot Creek, 10 mi SW Kananaskis F.E.S., 15.VIII.1971, 5000', sifting deciduous litter along large stream, J.M. Campbell (1 male, 1 female, CNC); Waterton Lakes N.P., mi 2 of Red Rock Canyon Road, 16.VI.1980, 4400', J.M. Campbell (1 male, 1 female CNC); Waterton Lakes N.P., 1 mi N Pass Creek Bridge, 4500', sifting
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
litter in moist deciduous forest, 5.VIII.1976, J.M. Campbell (1 male, 1 female, CNC).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">British Columbia</emphasis>
: Greater Vancouver: Stanley Park, 20.V.1989, A. Smetana (2, CNC); same except 28.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); same except 21.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); Brunswick, 20.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); Langley, open oak forest, 10.XII.1979, S. Rahe (2, CNC); Fraser Valley: Mission, berlese sample, 25.VII.1953, W.R.M. Mason (2, CNC); Vancouver Island: Chemainus Lake, mushrooms and rotten fir wood, edge of path, 25.IX.2020, A. Davies (1, CNC); Mesachie Lake, Forest Experiment Station, 1950 m, woody debris from log, 23.VII.1979, I. Smith (2, CNC); Salt Spring Island, Fulford Harbour, Petroglyph, 25.IX.1974, BD Ainscough (2, CNC); Gabriola Island, Gabriola, marsh with sedges, pitfall traps, 30.IX.1994, BF &amp; JL Carr (1, CNC); same except sifting maple litter beside firewood and compost bin, 30.IV.1993 (3, CNC); same except sifting moss in forest near Hoggan Lake, 14.VI.1989 (1, CNC); Englishman River Provincial Park, cedar litter, 10.III.1997, B.D. Ainscough (1, CNC); Yellow Point, Cedar, under rotten log, 18.V.1978, B.D. Ainscough (1, CNC); Lake Cowichan, spring run beside North Shore Road, 1.7 km N town, moss and litter, 7.VI.1979, I. Smith (1, CNC); Stamp Falls [Stamp River] Provincial Park, 8 mi NW Alberni, 26.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (2, CNC); Victoria, sifting litter and grass, 28.X.1985, BF &amp; JL Carr (1, CNC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">United States: California</emphasis>
: Alpine Co.: 22 mi NE Strawberry, Clark Fork River near Cottonwood Creek, 1767 m, 14.VII.1976, L. &amp; N. Herman (1, CNC); Amador Co.: 4 mi S Jackson, sift oak, maple and alder litter, 3.II.1979, D.S. Chandler (1, FMNH); 1 mi W Pine Grove, 24.VI.1975, A. Newton and M. Thayer (1, CNC); 'Mokel
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hill">Hill'</normalizedToken>
[= Mokelumne Hill], VII.1925, VanDyke (4, CNC); Alameda Co.: Berkeley, under Umbellifera duff, 23.II.1962, J.F. Lawrence (1, CNC); El Dorado Co.: Lake Tahoe, Taylor Creek at Camp Richardson, 1900 m, 9.VII.1986, A. Smetana (2, CNC); Humboldt Co.: 5 mi N Trinidad, Patricks Point State Park, hemlock/pine/alder litter, 14.VIII.1966, J+S Cornell (1, FMNH); Eureka, VI.1902, H.S. Barber (2, CNC); Marin Co.: Lagunitas Creek, near Tocaloma, 18.III.1983, A. Smetana (5, CNC); Monterey Co.: Jamesburg, Ian Moore (1, CNC); Placer Co.: Meeks Bay, West Lake Blvd, 1917 m, ex. riparian litter, 15.XI.2008, A. Brunke (1, DEBU); Lake Tahoe, Tahoe City, 1950 m, 7.VII.1986, A. Smetana (2, CNC); Tahoe Pines, 3.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); Tahoe Pines, 1889 m, 10.VIII.1969, A. Smetana (2, CNC); San Diego Co.: San Diego, F.E. Blaisdell (1, CNC); Sonoma Co.: Annadel State Park, Hunter Spring nr. Canyon Trail, 220 m, 26.IV.-17.V.2007, P. Kerr and S. Blank (1, UTCI); Sobre Vista, 24.IV.1910, Van Dyke (1, CNC); Trinity Co.: Upper Canyon Creek Lake, 17mi N Junction City, 1737 m, 12.VII.1979, JM &amp; BA Campbell (6, CNC); Upper Canyon Creek Meadows, 16mi N Junction City, 1463 m, 13-19.VII.1979 (1, CNC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Nevada</emphasis>
: Douglas Co.: Zephyr Cove, 1900 m, 9.VII.1986, A. Smetana (3, CNC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Oregon</emphasis>
: Columbia Co.: Oak Island, Sauvies Lake, Columbia River, 5mi N 2mi E Burlington, 30 m, Oregon oak and snowberry duff, 7.X.1972, E.M. Benedict (2, CNC); Curry Co.: 4mi S Pistol River, on US 101 (Mark 342), 60 m, Sitka spruce duff and soil, 12.II.1972, E.M. Benedict (1, CNC); Douglas Co.: 1mi S &amp; 2mi W Ash, 152 m, deciduous Myrtle litter and duff, 11.XII.1971, E.M. Benedict (1, CNC); ~4.5mi E Wells Creek, Ranger Station, Umpqua River, 91 m, oak duff and soil, 11.XII.1971, E.M. Benedict (1, CNC); Klamath Co.: Mares Egg Springs, 1280 m, 20.VII.1979, JM Campbell &amp; J Schuh (4, CNC); same except 25.VI.1974, A. &amp; D. Smetana (1, CNC); 7 mile Creek, west of Forth Klamath, 20.VII.1979, JM Campbell &amp; J Schuh (1, CNC); Lane Co.: Coast Guard Road, Approximately 1mi N Florence, 152 m, moss festoons, 6.V.1972, E.M. Benedict (2, CNC); Lincoln Co.: Eakman [= Ekman] Lake, 5mi E Waldport, 0 m, beach grass, 5.V.1973, E.M. Benedict (2, CNC); Tillamook Co.: Rest area, Wilson River Highway, 0.5mi S &amp; 1mi W
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lees">Lee's</normalizedToken>
Camp, western red cedar and red alder, 4.XI.1972, E.M. Benedict (2, CNC); Washington Co.: 0.25mi E Sherwood Highway &amp; US-99W, 60 m, rotten hay, barley and dung, 1.I.1972, E.M. Benedict (2, CNC);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Washington</emphasis>
: Jefferson Co.: Olympic National Park, Hoh Ranger Station, 182 m, 13.V.1968, Campbell and Smetana (1, CNC); same except 19.VIII.1979, JM &amp; BA Campbell (4, CNC); San Juan: San Juan Islands, Jones Island, 2.V.1988, J. Bergdahl (2, CNC); San Juan Islands, Matia Island, 28.VIII.1988, J. Bergdahl (2, CNC); San Juan Islands, Flattop Island, 22.I.1988, J. Bergdahl (1, CNC); San Juan Islands, Stewart Island, 18.X.1987, J. Bergdahl (1, CNC); same except 6.VIII.1988 (1, CNC); Sucia Island, 28.VIII.1988, J. Bergdahl (4, CNC); same except 30.VIII.1988; San Juan Islands, Jones Island, 2.V.1988, J. Bergdahl (3, CNC); San Juan Islands, Clark Island, 27.VIII.1988, J. Bergdahl (1, CNC); Skagit Co.: San Juan Islands, Fidalgo Island, 5.IV.1986, J. Bergdahl (4, CNC); Snohomish Co.: Chase Lake, 15.VIII.1961, W. Suter (2, CNC); Siskiyou Co.: VII, C.V. Riley (2, CNC); Whatcom Co.: Deming, S end Sumas Mt., Reardon property, ANMT site 1275, 95 m, berl., leaf &amp; log litter incl. under
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.M.Fries" authorityYear="1821" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Meruliaceae" genus="Phlebia" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Phlebia" order="Polyporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Phlebia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
polypores on log, 2nd growth
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.A.Carriere" authorityYear="1867" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Pseudotsuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Thuja" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thuja" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Thuja</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer macrophyllum" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Acer macrophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">circinatum</emphasis>
, 13.XI.2014, A. Newton &amp; M. Thayer (1, FMNH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">As in generic diagnosis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Measurements ♂ (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 10 (5 macropterous; 5 brachypterous)): HW/HL 1.07-1.17; PW/PL 1.02-1.19; EW/EL 1.08-1.29; ESut/PL 0.54-0.79; PW/HW 1.14-1.27; forebody length 2.3-3.1 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Measurements ♀ (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">n</emphasis>
= 10 (5 macropterous; 5 brachypterous)): HW/HL 1.10-1.15; PW/PL 1.04-1.14; EW/EL 1.15-1.36; ESut/PL 0.56-0.82; PW/HW 1.14-1.30; forebody length 2.5-3.2 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Head dark brown, darker than pronotum, which is paler, entirely brown to pale reddish with yellow borders; elytra brownish, often with epipleural area, and lateral and apicolateral parts of disc paler, frequently contrasting yellow; abdomen dark brown, tergites at most narrowly paler at apex; antennae brown, with antennomeres 1-3 paler, yellow-brown or at least bases paler; legs pale, yellow to yellowish brown, tibiae dark brown; palpi yellowish brown to dark brown (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Habitus and distribution of Quediellus debilis (Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Head slightly transverse, eyes large, moderately convex and protruding from lateral outline, temples small, about 1/4 to 1/3 of eye length (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-C dorsal head A, B showing extent of head punctation (white arrow) and color of first antennomere base (black arrow) D-F elytral punctation and microsculpture A Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) B P. marginicollis sp. nov. C, D Quediellus debilis (Horn) E Quedionuchus longipennis (Mannerheim) F Quedius densiventris (Casey). Abbreviations: af = anterior frontal puncture; b = basal puncture; pf = posterior frontal puncture; sa = supra-antennal puncture. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779763" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">5C</figureCitation>
); disc of head with sparse microsculpture of transverse waves, spaces between lines greater than width of lines; antennomeres of varying shape depending on morphotype, with
<normalizedToken originalValue="nanulus">'nanulus'</normalizedToken>
type having 1-3 elongate, 4 quadrate to elongate, 5 or 6-10 transverse and macropterous individuals of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="debilis">'debilis'</normalizedToken>
morphotype having 1-5 or 1-6 elongate and 7-10 or 8-10 distinctly transverse; pronotum about as wide as long to moderately transverse, moderately wider than head; disc with microsculpture as on head; elytra moderately to distinctly transverse, markedly variable from scarcely longer at sides than pronotum at middle to moderately longer (1.06-1.21,
<normalizedToken originalValue="nanulus">'nanulus'</normalizedToken>
morphotype), or distinctly longer than pronotum at middle (1.26-1.41,
<normalizedToken originalValue="debilis">'debilis'</normalizedToken>
morphotype) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Habitus and distribution of Quediellus debilis (Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">12</figureCitation>
); disc of elytra with punctures varying from superficial, sparse and widely scattered (nanulus type) to slightly denser and coarser in individuals with the longest elytra (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Habitus and distribution of Quediellus debilis (Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">12</figureCitation>
); wings as non-functional stubs or fully developed; abdomen generally sparsely punctate, denser at bases of tergites but variable, with punctation overall denser in
<normalizedToken originalValue="debilis">'debilis'</normalizedToken>
morphotype; abdomen with dense, very fine microsculpture of transverse waves; abdominal tergite VII without or with palisade fringe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Male.</emphasis>
Sternite VIII with distinct emargination of variable depth and width; tergite X triangular, with moderately long, narrowly rounded apex; sternite IX varying from slightly expanded to broad at middle, with long, slender asymmetrical basal part and narrow, rounded apex; median lobe in ventral view with acute apex, sides of apex straight to acuminate resulting in a pinched appearance (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8L</figureCitation>
), individuals from the Rockies with sides broadly arcuate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8K</figureCitation>
); median lobe in lateral view bearing a distinct tooth of variable distance from apex and with variably-sized emargination ventrad of tooth, apex narrow and rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8O-Q</figureCitation>
); paramere slender and varying from fusiform (basal constriction, widest subapically) to subparallel-sided or weakly narrowing apicad (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8M, N</figureCitation>
); paramere with peg setae arranged in two rows, varying from well-organized to slightly disorganized and doubled in places, rows divergent from sides of paramere and weakly to strongly convergent basad in western individuals (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8N</figureCitation>
); in eastern individuals, rows generally following the margins of paramere and not convergent basad (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8M</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Female.</emphasis>
Tergite X overall pentagonal, with emargination on each side of protruding, pointed apex, with longitudinal, median pigmented area, setae generally limited to midline (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I female tergite X A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) B I. mutator (Smetana) C I. prostans (Horn) D I. seriatus (Horn), evenly convex E I. uncifer sp. nov., discal impression F Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) G P. marginicollis sp. nov. H-I Quediellus debilis (Horn). Pigmented area on tergite in E not shown for clarity but similar to I. seriatus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779767" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">9H-I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Canada</emphasis>
: AB, BC.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">United States</emphasis>
: CA, ID, MT, NV, OR, WA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Broadly distributed along the western cordilleras on both the eastern and western sides of the continental divide (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Distributions of A Iratiquedius amabilis (Smetana) (circles), I. mutator (Smetana) (squares) B I. prostans (Horn) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records) C I. seriatus (Horn) (circles), I. uncifer sp. nov. (squares) D Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) (circles), P. marginicollis sp. nov. (squares) E Quediellus debilis (Horn) (circles) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779769" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">11E</figureCitation>
). At the northern edge of its western distribution,
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is entirely flightless and appears to extend eastward along the Fraser River in British Columbia to at least the Hope area but it is not clear how distantly east and west populations are separated by the drier, central interior, if at all.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779769" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Distributions of
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brunke" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smetana" baseAuthorityYear="1971" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Iratiquedius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iratiquedius amabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Iratiquedius amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smetana) (circles),
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mutator" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="mutator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. mutator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smetana) (squares)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. prostans" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="prostans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. prostans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. seriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="seriatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. seriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) (circles),
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. uncifer" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="uncifer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">I. uncifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (squares)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraquedius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraquedius puncticeps" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puncticeps">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Paraquedius puncticeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) (circles),
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. marginicollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="marginicollis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">P. marginicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (squares)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName=", comb. res." baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quediellus debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) (circles) (black - specimens examined, white - literature records).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="bionomics">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Bionomics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
In the northern part of its range on the western side of the continental divide (British Columbia to Oregon, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Habitus and distribution of Quediellus debilis (Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">12</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is entirely flightless (wings as small stubs) and lives more or less in moist, forest litter-based microhabitats, including leaf litter, moss on rocks, treehole litter, and decaying wood and fungi, though it is sometimes collected in litter or moss along the
<normalizedToken originalValue="waters">water's</normalizedToken>
edge. Further south, south of northernmost California (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Habitus and distribution of Quediellus debilis (Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">12</figureCitation>
), the species is more typically found in wet litter along creeks and most commonly fully winged with longer elytra. On the eastern side of the continental divide, examined specimens (all from Alberta) were fully winged with palisade fringe but with narrow elytra. In Alberta, specimens were collected in deciduous litter (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.) in a forest and along a stream.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Habitus and distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName=", comb. res." baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quediellus debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
treated
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quediellus nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as a separate though variable species that could be confidently diagnosed from
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
solely by the 'smaller
<normalizedToken originalValue="aedeagus">aedeagus'</normalizedToken>
and in the key by the shorter and less narrow paramere with peg setae rows shorter. A more northern population of generally narrower, smaller-bodied individuals with shorter elytra was considered to correspond to
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while a more southern population of generally larger, more fusiform specimens with longer and broader elytra was considered to correspond to
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Based on the material
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
had available, there was some degree of geographic overlap in California, especially the northern Sierra Nevada (Lake Tahoe area).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
An examination of dissected males from across this range on the western side of the continental divide, including many of the original specimens examined by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, revealed no reliable differences in the highly variable aedeagus in ventral or lateral view (but see below), despite remarkably disparate morphological forms at either end of the range of variability (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Habitus and distribution of Quediellus debilis (Horn) morphotypes: brachypterous, palisade fringe absent (circle), brachypterous, palisade fringe present (square - habitus as in previous), winged, shorter and narrower elytra (triangle), winged, longer and broader elytra (hexagon). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779770" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">12</figureCitation>
). On average, individuals in the north of the distribution tend to have a paramere with a distinct basal constriction and long apical part, while individuals in the far south of the distribution have a more parallel-sided paramere with a shorter apical part (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8N</figureCitation>
). However, there are exceptions, even within the same series. These trends do not correspond with the drawings presented in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(northern) and
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(southern) and it is possible that they were reversed. The length of the rows of peg setae, number of peg setae and their distribution were all found to be highly variable and did not correspond to external morphotype. Often this variation was marked, even among individuals from the same locality, despite rather uniform external morphology. Congruently, sequenced individuals of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="debilis">'debilis'</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="nanulus">'nanulus'</normalizedToken>
morphotypes (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Neighbor-joining trees of CO 1 barcode sequences for species of Iratiquedius, Paraquedius, and Quediellus, calculated under the Kimura- 2 model for pairwise distance. White circles indicate macropterous ' debilis' morphotypes of Q. debilis, all other Q. debilis are of brachypterous ' nanulus' morphotypes. Scale bar equivalent to 2 % divergence. Sequence length, including number of ambiguous base pairs (N's), is given at the end of each sample name." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779768" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">10</figureCitation>
, white circles) did not form separate clusters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Individuals on the eastern side of the continental divide (Rocky Mountains) were considered by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" author="Smetana, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 303" refId="B10" refString="Smetana, A, 1971. Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 103 (79): 1 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" title="Revision of the tribe Quediini of North America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10379fv" volume="103" year="1971">Smetana (1971)</bibRefCitation>
to belong to
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The three specimens examined (all Alberta) exhibited very subtle differences on the median lobe and paramere compared to all other western specimens (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A aedeagus in ventral view B, C, D, G, H, K, L median lobe of aedeagus B, G, K, L in ventral view, C, D, H, O-Q in lateral view E, F, I, J, M, N underside of paramere showing peg setae A-F Paraquedius marginicollis sp. nov. E atypical specimen from Clallam County, Washington, United States G-J Paraquedius puncticeps (Horn) I lectotype, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada J non-type specimen from Vancouver Island K-Q Quediellus debilis (Horn), specimens from east (K, M) and west (L, M) sides of the continental divide. Filled circles = typical ' nanulus' morphotype; open circles = typical ' debilis' morphotype. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779766" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">8</figureCitation>
), though these differences may not hold when more males are dissected. Cluster analysis treated all specimens of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quediellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a single OTU and BIN, with relatively high (3.27%) intraspecific divergence, likely due to the fact that this species is flightless and a poor disperser over much of its range (British Columbia to northern California). The single half-length sequence from the Rockies did not cluster separately from the western samples (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Neighbor-joining trees of CO 1 barcode sequences for species of Iratiquedius, Paraquedius, and Quediellus, calculated under the Kimura- 2 model for pairwise distance. White circles indicate macropterous ' debilis' morphotypes of Q. debilis, all other Q. debilis are of brachypterous ' nanulus' morphotypes. Scale bar equivalent to 2 % divergence. Sequence length, including number of ambiguous base pairs (N's), is given at the end of each sample name." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1134.87853.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/779768" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">10</figureCitation>
). Therefore,
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. nanulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="nanulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. nanulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here treated as a synonym of
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Q. debilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Q. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and both populations on either side of the continental divide are considered to be conspecific, leaving only one highly variable species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quediellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Quediellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
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@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
<document id="1EED8E5C50FED860109DABACFCB3E854" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151" ID-PMC="PMC4867695" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--8151" ID-PubMed="27226759" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e8151" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae" checkinTime="1553126227509" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Broad, Gavin R., Shaw, Mark R. &amp; Godfray, H. Charles J." docDate="2016" docId="C806E775D539024E272CF667A4907332" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8151" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151" docTitle="Aleiodes unipunctator Thunberg 1824" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="8151" masterDocId="FF80FFE6F029FFE45721D6221629FFE3" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae" masterLastPageNumber="8151" masterPageNumber="8151" pageNumber="8151" updateTime="1668123779934" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<taxonomicName id="AF4E0B2EF32E6D6BF7C2C4DF3F8286A7" ID-CoL="BMM6" ID-ENA="422173" authority="Thunberg, 1824" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes unipunctator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unipunctator">Aleiodes unipunctator (Thunberg, 1824)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4A52106C1214C91F2A43A4EE1007C963" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Ichneumon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichneumon unipunctator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unipunctator">Ichneumon unipunctator</taxonomicName>
Thunberg, 1824
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA898A771AAB8AA28374212C7F5D73EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<taxonomicName id="60CF26277C8B92AB7633BE76A54658A0" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea ductor" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="species" species="ductor">ductor</taxonomicName>
(Thunberg, 1824,
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)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4D0AAA10B385C1A962A50B97CC04809" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<taxonomicName id="61AFFEC1A65F3E12BA36A1A7FAC48F09" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea irregularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="species" species="irregularis">irregularis</taxonomicName>
Wesmael, 1838
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="2BAE32925C310EF594F9A63EFAB4592F" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A43E6DA91A30D0B8ACB999CF590B71A" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD1523E4505499C775989FFC434771EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="notes">
<paragraph id="3E7465444EBD110097EC60296A342625" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AADED98DEDF9E611EF71D8948C354198" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Anticipates synonymy to be published by van Achterberg &amp; Shaw (in prep.).</paragraph>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jarvis, Charlie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<bibCitation author="Linnaeus" pagination="724" title="Phaseolus helvolus" volumeTitle="Species Plantarum 2" year="1753">
<treatmentCitation author="Linnaeus" pageNumber="724" year="1753">
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Phaseolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helvolus">
<emphasis bold="true" pageNumber="736">Phaseolus helvolus</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Species Plantarum</emphasis>
2
</volumeTitle>
: 724. 1753
</treatmentCitation>
</bibCitation>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">nom. &amp; orth. cons.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageNumber="736" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageNumber="736">&quot;Habitat in Carolina.&quot; RCN: 5319.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageNumber="736" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageNumber="736">
Conserved type (Delgado Salinas &amp; Lavin in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Taxon</emphasis>
53: 839. 2004): U.S.A. South Carolina, Georgetown County, edge of marsh on ocean side of Beach Rd., about 1 mile N of its terminus on South Island, 22 Aug 1991,
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">J.B. Nelson 11140</emphasis>
(USC;
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<paragraph pageNumber="736">
Current name:
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="736">Strophostyles helvola</emphasis>
(L.) Elliott
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rudd" authorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Faboideae">Faboideae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageNumber="736" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageNumber="736">
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Note:</emphasis>
Verdcourt (in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Taxon</emphasis>
46: 357. 1997) proposed a conserved type for the name, duly recommended by the Committee for Spermatophyta (in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Taxon</emphasis>
48: 369. 1999), as was the conservation of the spelling
<normalizedToken originalValue="“helvolus”">&quot;helvolus&quot;</normalizedToken>
. However, Delgado Salinas &amp; Lavin (in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Taxon</emphasis>
53: 839. 2004) subsequently found that the conserved type (U.S.A. North Carolina, Biltmore, sandy flats, 19 Aug 1896; Biltmore herb. No. 1302, US No. 966089) was identifiable as
<taxonomicName authority="(Muhl. ex Willd.) Britton. They" authorityName="Britton. They" baseAuthorityName="Willd." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strophostyles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">Strophostyles umbellata</emphasis>
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Britton. They
</taxonomicName>
successfully proposed the replacement of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Verdcourts">Verdcourt's</normalizedToken>
type with another conserved type corresponding with current usage of
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="736">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Elliott" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strophostyles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helvola">S. helvola</taxonomicName>
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<mods:namePart>Lyal, Chris H. C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schmitt, Michael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ślipinski, S. Adam</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>88</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-88-1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159362379" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C807C400AF83E83A2FEB9BC3086B6DF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C807C400AF83E83A2FEB9BC3086B6DF0" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<subSubSection pageId="240" pageNumber="241" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
†Subfamily
<taxonomicName authority="Medvedev, 1968" authorityName="Medvedev" authorityYear="1968" lsidName="" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Protoscelidinae">Protoscelidinae Medvedev, 1968</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="240" pageNumber="241" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Protoscelinae">Protoscelinae</taxonomicName>
L. N. Medvedev, 1968: 155 [stem: Protoscelid-]. Type genus:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Protoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protoscelis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protoscelis</taxonomicName>
L. N. Medvedev, 1968. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
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<mods:title id="00CCDDA5BA763E6F4CE8390468DC081B">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4E1A75BD7E08F5715F5884901EF72D4B">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C80887E3FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B7B3F8F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236082" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236082" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B7B3F8F5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B7B3F8F5" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD0FFBAFF22FE71B7B0FDCD" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B47BFDF0" blockId="14.[151,627,501,562]" box="[151,627,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<heading id="1B568199FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B47BFDF0" bold="true" box="[151,627,501,527]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B47BFDF0" bold="true" box="[151,627,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B7DEFDF0" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,470,501,527]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF22FE71B76DFDF0" bold="true" box="[151,357,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFD0FFBAFE56FE71B47BFDF0" box="[483,627,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF22FD9CB7B0FDCD" blockId="14.[151,627,501,562]" box="[151,440,536,562]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">(Figs. 14, 15, 17, 22, 30)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD0FFBAFF22FDE3B226FC15" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF22FDE3B300FD05" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF22FDE3B781FD7E" bold="true" box="[151,393,615,641]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD0FFBAFE03FDECB428FD7D" box="[438,544,616,642]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Kibwezi [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD0FFBAFD12FDECB590FD7D" box="[679,920,616,642]" name="Kenya" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Republic of Kenya</collectingCountry>
],
<date id="341F1035FFD0FFBAFC04FDECB225FD7D" box="[945,1069,616,642]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" value="1917-05-15">15-5-1917</date>
, g. sl. Arct. 5859
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFAACFDECB37CFD7D" box="[1305,1396,616,642]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFF22FD14B6FBFD55" box="[151,243,656,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
; Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD0FFBAFE91FD14B784FD55" box="[292,396,656,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, Mlanje [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD0FFBAFDB6FD14B508FD55" box="[515,768,656,682]" name="Malawi" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
], g.sl. Arct. 4657
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFC53FD14B249FD55" box="[998,1089,656,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFBC0FD14B2D9FD55" box="[1141,1233,656,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
; 3 ΨΨ, Kibwezi [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD0FFBAFF28FD3CB78BFD2D" box="[157,387,696,722]" name="Kenya" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Republic of Kenya</collectingCountry>
],
<date id="341F1035FFD0FFBAFE20FD3CB406FD2D" box="[405,526,696,722]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" value="1917-01-11">11-1-1917</date>
(g. sl. Arct. 5858
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFD57FD3CB537FD2D" box="[738,831,696,722]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
),
<date id="341F1035FFD0FFBAFCE7FD3CB5C4FD2D" box="[850,972,696,722]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" value="1917-05-18">18-5-1917</date>
(g. sl. Arct. 5857
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFB15FD3CB2F5FD2D" box="[1184,1277,696,722]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
), and 5-1917, all in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFF6CFD64B73DFD05" box="[217,309,736,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
; ɗ, Zomba,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD0FFBAFE70FD64B444FD05" box="[453,588,736,762]" name="Malawi" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Nyassaland</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD0FFBAFDEFFD64B544FD05" box="[602,844,736,762]" name="Malawi" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
], g. sl. Arct. 4656
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFB96FD64B276FD05" box="[1059,1150,736,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFB1DFD64B30CFD05" box="[1192,1284,736,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70FC83B226FC15" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70FC83B74DFCDE" bold="true" box="[197,325,775,801]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD0FFBAFE70FC8CB44FFCDD" box="[453,583,776,802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="22.0">2229 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground color straw-yellow; pattern brown-grey; wing pattern differs from
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD0FFBAFE9EFCB4B755FCB5" box="[299,349,816,842]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
species as follows: average size of bands more slender, median band at its origin proximally directed, submarginal streaks never linked by transverse line, first (subcostal) streak divided in two and rising streak number in submarginal band to nine; underside same color as upperside, pattern limited to anterior portions of median and postmedian bands and submarginal streaks, of which the anterior are more evident; pink dusting in median area (notably g. sl. Arct. 5858
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD0FFBAFD60FC54B53AFC15" box="[725,818,976,1002]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">BMNH</collectionCode>
); fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD0FFBAFF70FC73B2AFF995" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70FC73B2E7FBC5" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70FC73B743FBEE" bold="true" box="[197,331,1015,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside same color as forewing ground color, with two to four lightly demarked marginal streaks; underside same color as upperside; fringes brown-grey around apex, otherwise yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70FBC3B36CFB25" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70FBC3B718FB9E" bold="true" box="[197,272,1095,1121]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Body:</emphasis>
head, thorax, and abdomen same color as forewing ground color; brown-grey dot on vertex of head; female antennae filiform, male unknown; labial palpi porrect, not extending beyond frons; tegulae with one dark dot; two dots on mesonotum, one on mesoscutellum; legs pale yellow with dark marking as in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFA36FB1CB704FB26" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFA36FB1CB704FB26" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but distal portion of tarsus yellow; tibial spurs 0-2-2; male pregenital segments not examined;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70FB6CB7F1FA85" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">VII female sternum slightly longer than VI, with small pleural pouches at cephalic edge; VII tergum trapezoidal, two times as long as VI; VIII abdominal segment half as long as VI; dorsal pheromone gland bilobate, long, almost two times posterior apophyses; ventral pheromone gland bilobate, bag-shaped, half the length of posterior apophyses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70FA03B2AFF995" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70FA03B74AFA5E" bold="true" box="[197,322,1415,1441]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Genitalia:</emphasis>
ɗ: similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFDE7FA0CB4E1FA5E" box="[594,745,1416,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFDE7FA0CB4E1FA5E" box="[594,745,1416,1441]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but with ala valvae more slender, its swelling ending in a more proximal position, waves of distal and dorsal edges of supravalva with three or four small finger-like processes, and vesica lobes lacking spines; Ψ: ostium circular with edges slightly bell-shaped; VIII sternum with large quadrangular lamella postvaginalis; ductus bursae cylindrical, short and narrow, well sclerotized; bursa copulatrix linked to ductus almost at right angle, with membranous sub-cylindrical cervix, from the proximal end of which arises ductus seminalis; corpus small, membranous; signa absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD0FFBAFF70F9F3B2EFF96D" box="[197,1255,1655,1682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70F9F3B2EFF96D" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" box="[197,1255,1655,1682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70F9F3B75EF96E" bold="true" box="[197,342,1655,1681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Etymology:</emphasis>
the name
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFE65F9FCB415F96E" box="[464,541,1656,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFE65F9FCB415F96E" box="[464,541,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reflects the similarity of this species to
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFC5AF9FCB2E8F96E" box="[1007,1248,1656,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFC5AF9FCB2E8F96E" box="[1007,1248,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Asuroides sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD0FFBAFF70F91BB7B3F8F5" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70F91BB7B3F8F5" blockId="14.[151,1437,615,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70F91BB749F946" bold="true" box="[197,321,1695,1721]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Remarks:</emphasis>
this species is separable from the others by ground color, and the nine streaks of the marginal band that are not joined by a line (the marginal streaks are also free in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFC49F94CB268F91E" box="[1020,1120,1736,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFC49F94CB268F91E" box="[1020,1120,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but that species only has seven), and the genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
<document id="E6244DA9829527991EACFAB7EBD728C4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180969" ID-GBIF-Dataset="717ae76c-8f76-4b1f-9397-e46d144f5e8b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180969" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459822400119" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Durante, Antonio" docDate="2008" docId="C80887E3FFD2FFBAFF22FC56B2C6FE5D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01713p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1713" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Asuroides rubea Durante, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="3431FF9BFFDEFFB4FFB5FF84B608FFFF" masterDocTitle="Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1698221980251" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="51519A9AB62058FB0EDAF05D600B0C7E">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="1FB42B186FA5CCAB71771E8A80F810E9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CD5FE661EF06B02D02BFB1E9E9186EFB">
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<mods:namePart id="CA187E4E164FC1BD16E7ABFC9522F53E">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="B40B2FD67C968CA97EE563174F19FAB2">
<mods:date id="EB18AE95C6EF62D7F91F2CD55BE9DA22">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="71751E41F07345C35FE1C20DB396616C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A1F1A3752F97F591870BBF6013A25B27">1713</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0E01A9CFCE8B12D088DEBDCF236514C6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.180969</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C80887E3FFD2FFBAFF22FC56B2C6FE5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236080" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236080" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFD2FFBAFF22FC56B2C6FE5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFD2FFBAFF22FC56B2C6FE5D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD2FFB8FF22FC56B7BFFBF0" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF22FC56B463FC13" blockId="12.[151,619,978,1039]" box="[151,619,978,1004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<heading id="1B568199FFD2FFB8FF22FC56B463FC13" bold="true" box="[151,619,978,1004]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF22FC56B463FC13" bold="true" box="[151,619,978,1004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD2FFB8FF22FC56B7C6FC13" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,462,978,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF22FC56B755FC13" bold="true" box="[151,349,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFD2FFB8FE6EFC56B463FC13" box="[475,619,978,1004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF22FC71B7BFFBF0" blockId="12.[151,619,978,1039]" box="[151,439,1013,1039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">(Figs. 11, 12, 13, 21, 29)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD2FFB8FF22FBC4B33FF8FA" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF22FBC4B2B5FB55" blockId="12.[151,1437,1087,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF22FBC4B78CFBA5" bold="true" box="[151,388,1088,1114]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
ɗ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD2FFB8FE1CFBC4B41AFBA5" box="[425,530,1088,1114]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Johannesburg [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD2FFB8FD7BFBC4B20AFBA5" box="[718,1026,1088,1114]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
],
<quantity id="87599B10FFD2FFB8FBA0FBC4B265FBA5" box="[1045,1133,1088,1114]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft</quantity>
, 1-1899, g. sl. Arct. 5868
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD2FFB8FF22FBECB6FAFB7D" box="[151,242,1128,1154]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD2FFB8FEA9FBECB770FB7D" box="[284,376,1128,1154]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
; Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD2FFB8FE2AFBECB40FFB7D" box="[415,519,1128,1154]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD2FFB8FDA6FBECB4A4FB7D" box="[531,684,1128,1154]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, Johannesburg,
<date id="341F1035FFD2FFB8FCDDFBECB5ECFB7D" box="[872,996,1128,1154]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" value="1938-01-14">14-1-1938</date>
, g. sl. Arct. 5869
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD2FFB8FB03FBECB319FB7D" box="[1206,1297,1128,1154]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD2FFB8FA89FBECB390FB7D" box="[1340,1432,1128,1154]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
; ɗ, same locality as
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD2FFB8FECEFB14B7EBFB55" box="[379,483,1168,1194]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<date id="341F1035FFD2FFB8FE5AFB14B461FB55" box="[495,617,1168,1194]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" value="1940-07-24">24-7-1940</date>
[abdomen almost completely missing], in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD2FFB8FBE8FB14B2B1FB55" box="[1117,1209,1168,1194]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70FB3CB33FF8FA" blockId="12.[151,1437,1087,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70FB3CB74DFB2D" bold="true" box="[197,325,1208,1234]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD2FFB8FE73FB3CB44EFB2D" box="[454,582,1208,1234]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="20.0">2022 mm</quantity>
(female
<quantity id="87599B10FFD2FFB8FD1AFB3CB500FB2D" box="[687,776,1208,1234]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
); upperside ground color brick red; pattern brown-grey; basal area marked as in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD2FFB8FE1AFB64B448FB06" box="[431,576,1248,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FE1AFB64B448FB06" box="[431,576,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but dot on radial vein clearly separated from costal fascia, and with posterior dot behind cubital vein more discernible; basal band presenting deep distal concavity (similar to
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD2FFB8FAE4FA8CB715FAB6" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FAE4FA8CB715FAB6" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), bend at anal vein level creating more acute angle than in other
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD2FFB8FBBBFAB4B28AFAB6" box="[1038,1154,1328,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FBBBFAB4B28AFAB6" box="[1038,1154,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, inner edge with yellow scales; initial part of the median band arising from costa, turning abruptly proximally (cf. the more typical distally), meeting basal band in discal cell and continuing almost perpendicular to inner margin, toward the postmedian band, with which it joins at CuA2 vein; median band ending at inner margin in proximal direction, with slight arch; streak at anal vein joins median and basal bands; postmedian band arising on costa close to median band, and with typical question-mark-shape of the genus; submarginal band following shape of postmedian band, formed by a whole line, inner dots and streaks indistinct except for two on M1 and M3; Cshaped patch present at distal end of cell; costa brown-grey in male, except yellow between postmedian and submarginal bands (costa uniformly grey in female); yellow scales sparsely distributed after basal band; underside ochreous yellow, with pink dusting on anterior half of discal and postdiscal areas that does not touch costa, which has a similar coloration to upperside; pattern limited to costal and subcostal portion of the postmedian and submarginal bands (submarginal band reaches CuA
<quantity id="87599B10FFD2FFB8FC06F96FB5D7F8FA" box="[947,991,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
female); fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD2FFBAFF70F896B5C9FED5" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70F896B270F8D2" blockId="12.[151,1437,1087,2037]" box="[197,1144,1810,1837]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70F896B743F8D3" bold="true" box="[197,331,1810,1836]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside ochreous yellow; underside like upperside; fringes yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB9FF70F8BEB4F9FEAD" blockId="12.[151,1437,1087,2037]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,152,338]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70F8BEB718F8AB" bold="true" box="[197,272,1850,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Body:</emphasis>
head, thorax and abdomen same color as hindwings; head with grey dot on vertex; antennae ciliated, yellow (female filiform); labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond frons; tegulae with two grey dots; thorax with two dots on mesoscutum and one on mesoscutellum; legs ochreous yellow with distal portion of femur and distal and proximal portions of tibia deep grey (character not readily discernible on hind legs); tibial spurs 0-2-2; male with VIII abdominal segment about half as long as VII; male with VIII tergum cephalic edge thickened, with two small apodemes turned cephalad; male coremata small, depth about one fourth of VII sternum, and with slim internal androconial scales; female with VII sternum about one and half times as long as that of VI; female with VII tergum trapezoidal, twice as long as VI; female with pleural invaginations between VII and VI segment, dorsal pheromone gland bilobate, with lobes arranged in semilunar shape, slightly longer than posterior apophyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD3FFB9FF22FA6DB6E6F8E9" blockId="13.[151,1436,1513,1814]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FF22FA6DB705F9FE" bold="true" box="[151,269,1513,1537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">PLATE 5.</emphasis>
Figures 2330.
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FE7CFA6EB43BF9FE" box="[457,563,1514,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FE7CFA6EB43BF9FE" box="[457,563,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, female genitalia. 23,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FC39FA6EB306F9FE" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[908,1294,1514,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FC39FA6EB281F9FE" box="[908,1161,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson)
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FAABFA6EB394F9FE" box="[1310,1436,1514,1537]" name="Ghana" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FF28F988B766F9DC" box="[157,366,1548,1571]" name="Ghana" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Republic of Ghana</collectingCountry>
], genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5746 BMNH; 24,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FC8DF988B266F9DC" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[824,1134,1548,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FC8DF988B206F9DC" box="[824,1038,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides dimidiata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FBCDF988B2D0F9DC" box="[1144,1240,1548,1571]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, W. Kiwu [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FAFAF988B7C5F9B9" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
], genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5865 BMNH; 25,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FC21F9ABB2C5F9B9" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[916,1229,1583,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FC21F9ABB266F9B9" box="[916,1134,1583,1606]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides calimerae</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FB62F9ABB33FF9B9" box="[1239,1335,1583,1606]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FAF4F9ABB390F9B9" box="[1345,1432,1583,1606]" name="Senegal" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Senegal</collectingCountry>
, genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5860 BMNH; 26,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FDC3F9D6B5ABF996" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[630,931,1618,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FDC3F9D6B537F996" box="[630,831,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides fasciata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FC07F9D6B21AF996" box="[946,1042,1618,1641]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FB94F9D6B260F996" box="[1057,1128,1618,1641]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Congo</collectingCountry>
Française [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FB5EF9D6B6EBF974" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
], genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5872 BMNH; 27,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FD07F9F0B211F974" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[690,1049,1652,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FD07F9F0B5B1F974" box="[690,953,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides retromaculata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FB91F9F0B28AF974" box="[1060,1154,1652,1675]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FB38F9F0B324F974" box="[1165,1324,1652,1675]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">French Guinea</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FA8CF9F0B702F951" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Republic of Guinea</collectingCountry>
], genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5863 BMNH; 28,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FD49F913B206F951" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[764,1038,1687,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FD49F913B5A2F951" box="[764,938,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides rosea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FBA8F913B275F951" box="[1053,1149,1687,1710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FB39F913B30FF951" box="[1164,1287,1687,1710]" name="Malawi" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Nyassaland</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FAADF913B6E6F92E" name="Malawi" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
], genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5866 BMNH; 29,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FD71F93EB5DDF92E" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[708,981,1722,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FD71F93EB57BF92E" box="[708,883,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FC55F93EB237F92E" box="[992,1087,1722,1745]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FBFFF93EB2DFF92E" box="[1098,1239,1722,1745]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5869 BMNH; 30,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD3FFB9FE22F958B4A5F90C" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[407,685,1756,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FE22F958B445F90C" box="[407,589,1756,1779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FD0DF958B51FF90C" box="[696,791,1756,1779]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, Kibwezi [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD3FFB9FC3CF958B253F90C" box="[905,1115,1756,1779]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Republic of Kenya</collectingCountry>
], genitalia Ψ, g. sl. Arct. 5858 BMNH.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD3FFBAFF70F8CDB5C9FED5" blockId="13.[151,1437,1865,2012]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,152,418]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD3FFB9FF70F8CDB74AF89C" bold="true" box="[197,322,1865,1891]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Genitalia:</emphasis>
ɗ: general structure similar to that of
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD3FFB9FCBDF8CEB533F89B" box="[776,827,1866,1892]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
species; juxta, well sclerotized, pentagonal; valvellae hemiellipsoidal, displaced dorso-laterally; processus distalis plicae not perceptible; valvar distal edge with two finger-like processes; aedeagus sclerotized along distal half; vesica bilobate with thick cluster of spines only on largest lobe; Ψ: ostium almost as large as the whole caudal margin of VII segment; lamella postvaginalis large, membranous, sub-rectangular; ductus bursae is caudally cylindrical, thereafter growing thin, irregular, funnel-shaped, well sclerotized, as deep as caudal diameter; cervix reniform not sclerotized, but solid, joining ductus bursae dorsally; ductus seminalis arising from ductus bursae in latero-caudal direction at right, corpus bursae arising cephalad, membranous, ovoidal, without signa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD0FFBAFF70FEB3B2C6FE5D" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD0FFBAFF70FEB3B2C6FE5D" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,418]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70FEB3B75EFEAE" bold="true" box="[197,342,311,337]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Etymology:</emphasis>
the name comes from rubeus (reddish), descriptive of the forewing ground colour.
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFF70FEDBB749FE86" bold="true" box="[197,321,351,377]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Remarks:</emphasis>
this
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD0FFBAFECBFEE4B7FAFE86" box="[382,498,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD0FFBAFECBFEE4B7FAFE86" box="[382,498,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is separable from other species in the genus by the brick red forewing ground color, as well as genitalic characters (e.g., vesica containing spines only on the largest lobe).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
<document id="55567B4FEBEEF1A6585874FC5BF7C8D4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180969" ID-GBIF-Dataset="717ae76c-8f76-4b1f-9397-e46d144f5e8b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180969" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459822400119" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Durante, Antonio" docDate="2008" docId="C80887E3FFD4FFB8FF22FAD8B4EFFC82" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01713p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1713" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Asuroides rosea Durante, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="3431FF9BFFDEFFB4FFB5FF84B608FFFF" masterDocTitle="Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1698221980251" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="1A38F7CCDD646A3C8C1C586DDED9B921" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="F8A98EC4AFE4A04555C225F35FD78E72">
<mods:title id="A5BE948694A8E67424639F1FDD3991E6">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8F46EFD3890816AC856E67E1D7C34286" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6F52D8FC920B09BD24C80323F801CAFF">
<mods:roleTerm id="32E8AC5BC5D8260E2576ECB8A9F1B2A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0FFCE3266DB78B7E1699C2D4BA381456">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5006D60076900D2EC5A9C5735F87B3AD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1E14F4A604677A776609DCD191DFD910">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2409982FE409C92F2790F1AACAB95422">
<mods:date id="C01511D244652FB859FC730DDD80398E">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BF585D33986C32CADCC838454D1DD7BB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="960B92727A5F716D8171C72063FB52ED">1713</mods:number>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:identifier id="6A35CB52DDFB9659AB3BE1578CDD4E3B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.180969</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="79B60606B8D5FD0823BC18FE5CF74AB7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F267789B9FF2BB8185140E2B5950829F" type="Zenodo-Dep">180969</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="C80887E3FFD4FFB8FF22FAD8B4EFFC82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236078" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356059" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236078" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFD4FFB8FF22FAD8B4EFFC82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFD4FFB8FF22FAD8B4EFFC82" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD4FFBEFF22FAD8B769FA66" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF22FAD8B46EFA89" blockId="10.[151,614,1372,1433]" box="[151,614,1372,1398]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="1B568199FFD4FFBEFF22FAD8B46EFA89" bold="true" box="[151,614,1372,1398]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF22FAD8B46EFA89" bold="true" box="[151,614,1372,1398]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFF22FAD8B7C1FA89" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,457,1372,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF22FAD8B750FA89" bold="true" box="[151,344,1372,1398]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Asuroides rosea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFD4FFBEFE63FAD8B46EFA89" box="[470,614,1372,1398]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF22FAFBB769FA66" blockId="10.[151,614,1372,1433]" box="[151,353,1407,1433]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">(Figs. 10, 16, 28)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD4FFBEFF22FA4AB333F8AE" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF22FA4AB773F9EE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1486,1873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF22FA4AB78CFA17" bold="true" box="[151,388,1486,1512]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD4FFBEFE1DFA4BB419FA16" box="[424,529,1487,1513]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Zomba Plateau,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD4FFBEFD6BFA4BB56DFA16" box="[734,869,1487,1513]" name="Malawi" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Nyassaland</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD4FFBEFCC6FA4BB26FFA16" box="[883,1127,1487,1513]" name="Malawi" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
], 1-1921, g. sl. Arct. 5866
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD4FFBEFF22FA73B6FAF9EE" box="[151,242,1527,1553]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD4FFBEFEAEFA73B77FF9EE" box="[283,375,1527,1553]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF70F99AB333F8AE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1486,1873]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF70F99AB74DF9C7" bold="true" box="[197,325,1566,1592]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD4FFBEFE7CF99BB42AF9C6" box="[457,546,1567,1593]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="31.0">31 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground color light orange yellow, darker and shaded with pink inside cell in postdiscal and submarginal areas; pattern brown-grey; basal area with small costal patch, a subcostal dot,and streak posteriorly and distally; all bands in this species more slender than the average thickness for the genus; basal band similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFD22F913B556F94F" box="[663,862,1687,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFD22F913B556F94F" box="[663,862,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, even if with more pointed corners; median and postmedian bands similar to those in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFDF2F93BB504F927" box="[583,780,1727,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFDF2F93BB504F927" box="[583,780,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, even if postmedian band has sharper angles; number of streaks in submarginal band reduced to seven, since one of four posterior streaks is absent; C-shaped patch with distal concavity present; costa entirely yellow except for small portion from submarginal band to apex; underside paler yellow than upperside; submarginal band present only as streaks; fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD5FFB8FF22F8A4B2F0FD21" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD5FFBFFF22F8A4B6E6F80C" blockId="11.[151,1437,1824,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFF22F8A4B705F8C7" bold="true" box="[151,269,1824,1848]" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">PLATE 4.</emphasis>
Figures 1822.
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD5FFBFFE72F8A4B438F8C8" box="[455,560,1824,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFE72F8A4B438F8C8" box="[455,560,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, male genitalia. 18,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD5FFBFFCC1F8A4B2E5F8C8" authority="Wallengren" authorityName="Wallengren" box="[884,1261,1824,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFCC1F8A4B25CF8C8" box="[884,1108,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Asuroides sagenaria</emphasis>
(Wallengren)
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD5FFBFFB48F8A4B325F8C8" box="[1277,1325,1824,1847]" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
, Caffraria [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFF28F8C1B7B6F8A3" box="[157,446,1861,1884]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
], genitalia ♂; 19,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD5FFBFFD3DF8C1B201F8A3" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[648,1033,1861,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFD3DF8C1B58CF8A3" box="[648,900,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson)
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD5FFBFFBA2F8C1B274F8A3" box="[1047,1148,1861,1884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFB3EF8C1B30FF8A3" box="[1163,1287,1861,1884]" name="Ghana" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFAADF8C1B6EAF87D" name="Ghana" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Republic of Ghana</collectingCountry>
], genitalia ♂, g. sl. Arct. 5646 BMNH; 20,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD5FFBFFD04F8EFB224F87D" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[689,1068,1899,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFD04F8EFB5A2F87D" box="[689,938,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson)
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFB82F8EFB295F87D" box="[1079,1181,1899,1922]" name="Cameroon" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Kamerun</collectingCountry>
, genitalia ♂, g. sl. Arct. 5732 BMNH; 21,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD5FFBFFEEEF814B462F858" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[347,618,1936,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFEEEF814B402F858" box="[347,522,1936,1959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD5FFBFFDC0F814B4DDF858" box="[629,725,1936,1959]" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Johannesburg [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFC35F814B29FF858" box="[896,1175,1936,1959]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
], genitalia ♂, g. sl. Arct. 5868 BMNH; 22,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD5FFBFFEE8F831B47DF833" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[349,629,1973,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD5FFBFFEE8F831B41DF833" box="[349,533,1973,1996]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD5FFBFFD34F831B4D7F833" box="[641,735,1973,1996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFD59F831B56FF833" box="[748,871,1973,1996]" name="Malawi" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Nyassaland</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD5FFBFFCC0F831B25DF833" box="[885,1109,1973,1996]" name="Malawi" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
], genitalia ♂, g. sl. Arct. 4656 BMNH.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70FF13B57AFF26" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70FF13B743FF4E" bold="true" box="[197,331,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside straw-yellow, with two dark marginal streaks; underside like the upperside, but with the two marginal streaks not well marked; fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70FF63B217FDC0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70FF63B718FEFE" bold="true" box="[197,272,231,257]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Body:</emphasis>
head, thorax and abdomen light orange yellow; some grey scales on vertex of head; antennae yellow, filiform; labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond frons; tegulae with two grey dots; notum in
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD2FFB8FF22FEB3B6F6FEAE" box="[151,254,311,337]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
rubbed, pattern therefore unknown; forelegs yellow with dark scales on distal portion of femur and entire tibia; mid and hindlegs yellow with dark scales only on distal end of femur and tibia; tibial spurs 0-2-2; VII abdominal segment rigid; VII sternum trapezoidal, about one and one-half times as long as VI; VII tergum trapezoidal, twice as long as VI; abdominal segment VIII less than half as long as VI; tergum rigid, like VII; sternum less rigid, with large sub-rectangular membranous median area (lamella postvaginalis); dorsal pheromone gland bilobate, twice as long as posterior apophyses; ventral pheromone glands formed by two small semicircular pouches, less than one third of the depth of posterior apophyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70FDC8B2F0FD21" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70FDC8B74AFD99" bold="true" box="[197,322,588,614]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Ψ: ostium elliptical, occupying entire posterior edge of abdominal VII sternum; ductus bursae funnel-shaped, well sclerotized, slightly shorter than VII sternum; corpus bursae without signa, and joining ductus to forming a small portion with same size and shape of ductus, after it enlarges like a sack with a dorsal dome-shaped expansion. Ductus seminalis arises at the connection of corpus and ductus bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD2FFB8FF70FD6FB2F1FCF9" box="[197,1273,747,774]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70FD6FB2F1FCF9" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,893]" box="[197,1273,747,774]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70FD6FB75EFCFA" bold="true" box="[197,342,747,773]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Etymology:</emphasis>
the name refers to the pink shading in the forewing discal and postdiscal areas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD2FFB8FF70FC97B4EFFC82" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD2FFB8FF70FC97B4EFFC82" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FF70FC97B749FCD2" bold="true" box="[197,321,787,813]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Remarks:</emphasis>
this species has the weakest pattern in the genus, and the basal and postmedian bands have the sharpest angles. The pink shade in the forewing cell is diagnostic, and the dark hindwing fringes are shared only with
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD2FFB8FEB8FCE7B7DCFC83" box="[269,468,867,892]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD2FFB8FEB8FCE7B7DCFC83" box="[269,468,867,892]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The male is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
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<mods:title id="8475A1AC0B728E46CCA3DA2E8850814F">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9F1D6E5F7F68972638D2AD61402C806D">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B3285EB6B3D6966AD6DF239426C693F1">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C80887E3FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B7C0F9B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236074" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236074" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B7C0F9B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B7C0F9B3" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD6FFBCFF22FF13B72EFF2B" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B48BFF4E" blockId="8.[151,643,151,212]" box="[151,643,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="1B568199FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B48BFF4E" bold="true" box="[151,643,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B48BFF4E" bold="true" box="[151,643,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B7EEFF4E" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,486,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF22FF13B77DFF4E" bold="true" box="[151,373,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Asuroides fasciata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFD6FFBCFE46FF13B48BFF4E" box="[499,643,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF22FF3EB72EFF2B" blockId="8.[151,643,151,212]" box="[151,294,186,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">(Figs. 8, 26)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD6FFBCFF22FE8EB4AAFCD3" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF22FE8EB5E9FEB3" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF22FE8EB78BFEDB" bold="true" box="[151,387,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFE10FE8EB407FEDB" box="[421,527,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Fort Crampel,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD6FFBCFD70FE8EB51BFEDB" box="[709,787,266,292]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Congo</collectingCountry>
Française [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD6FFBCFC2CFE8EB2A3FEDB" box="[921,1195,266,292]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
], no date, g. sl. Arct. 5872
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFF6DFEB6B73BFEB3" box="[216,307,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFEE8FEB6B7B1FEB3" box="[349,441,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
; Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFE55FEB6B440FEB3" box="[480,584,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, same data as
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFD5BFEB6B550FEB3" box="[750,856,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFC34FEB6B5D5FEB3" box="[897,989,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF70FEDEB4AAFCD3" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70FEDEB74DFE8B" bold="true" box="[197,325,346,372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD6FFBCFE73FEDEB441FE8B" box="[454,585,346,372]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="26.0">2627 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground color straw-yellow; pattern grey; basal area with one dot at subcostal vein and a longitudinal patch posterior to it, patch varyingly linked to basal band; basal band forms distal convexity at nearly right angle at cell level, whereas the bend at anal vein is nearly imperceptible; median band not starting with initial strip in distal direction, but arising at about half costa toward the basal band without touching it; at cell level forming an obtuse angle with distal concavity, and continuing to postmedian band without touching it, thereafter turning toward inner margin with a curved strip with distal concavity; postmedian and submarginal bands arising from costa separately, meeting at cell level with V-shaped confluence, contuining coupled as question-mark-shaped curvature, forming large fascia (unique in the genus); distal edge of fascia extends two finger-like extensions at M1 and M3 level; C-shaped patch with distal concavity at distal end of cell; costa yellow, with grey dusting in correspondence with basal area and with bands; underside like upperside, but basal and median bands nearly wanting; C-shaped discal patch absent; fringes yellow (
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFEFBFC96B7B0FCD3" box="[334,440,786,812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) to grey (
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFD9CFC96B49DFCD3" box="[553,661,786,812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD6FFBCFF70FCBEB2D2FA2B" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF70FCBEB250FC5B" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70FCBEB743FCAB" bold="true" box="[197,331,826,852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside lighter yellow than forewings, with large marginal grey band; margin with thin yellow colouring that becomes larger at apex; costa yellow from base to apex, where it becomes grey; underside like upperside; fringes grey along termen, yellow at tornus and along anal margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF70FC36B7D1FACB" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70FC36B718FC33" bold="true" box="[197,272,946,972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Body:</emphasis>
head gold yellow with grey dot on vertex; antennae filiform yellow; labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond frons; patagia and tegulae gold yellow; two grey dots on tegulae; notum gold yellow anteriorly, lighter posteriorly; abdomen color same as forewing ground color; legs yellow with distal end of femur and distal and proximal ends of tibia grey; foreleg tibia with grey dusting, notably on anterior and internal side; tibial spurs 0-2-2; abdomen VII sternum long, two thirds of VI; VII tergum trapezoidal, longer than two times VI; small bag-shaped pleural invagination between VI and VII abdominal segments; VIII abdominal segment less than half as long as VI, membranous, but rigid; lamella postvaginalis membranous, stiff, semicircular; dorsal pheromone gland bilobate, with short lobes, as long or slightly longer than posterior apophyses; dorsolaterally there are small bag-shaped formations of the membrane between A8 and A9, probably with pherormonal function.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF70FAC6B2D2FA2B" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70FAC6B74AFAA3" bold="true" box="[197,322,1346,1372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Ψ: ostium funnel-shaped, large, about half size of VIII sternum; lamella postvaginalis semicircular; ductus bursae well sclerotized, L-shaped, covering length of VII sternum; cervix bursae solid, twice as wide as long, meeting ductus bursae dorsally; ductus seminalis arising on right, corpus bursae arises on left (cephalic direction); corpus bursae sub-spherical, membranous, scarcely solid, without signa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD6FFBCFF70FA66B5CFFA03" box="[197,967,1506,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF70FA66B5CFFA03" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" box="[197,967,1506,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70FA66B75EFA03" bold="true" box="[197,342,1506,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Etymology:</emphasis>
name for the large marginal fascia on the hindwings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD6FFBCFF70F98EB7C0F9B3" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF70F98EB7C0F9B3" blockId="8.[151,1437,266,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70F98EB749F9DB" bold="true" box="[197,321,1546,1572]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Remarks:</emphasis>
a uniquely patterned
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD6FFBCFDF5F98FB4BCF9DB" box="[576,692,1547,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFDF5F98FB4BCF9DB" box="[576,692,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with large fasciae on both wings, as well as distinctive genitalia. The male is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
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<mods:title id="8BC562B36324F756DA9800386DDE649E">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF22F91BB4C7F946" blockId="8.[151,719,1695,1756]" box="[151,719,1695,1721]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="1B568199FFD6FFBCFF22F91BB4C7F946" bold="true" box="[151,719,1695,1721]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF22F91BB4C7F946" bold="true" box="[151,719,1695,1721]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD6FFBCFF22F91BB43AF946" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,562,1695,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF22F91BB7CAF946" bold="true" box="[151,450,1695,1721]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Asuroides retromaculata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFD6FFBCFD8AF91BB4C7F946" box="[575,719,1695,1721]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF22F946B72DF923" blockId="8.[151,719,1695,1756]" box="[151,293,1730,1756]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">(Figs. 9, 27)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD6FFBDFF22F896B7BAFE35" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBCFF22F896B347F8AB" blockId="8.[151,1436,1810,2036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF22F896B78EF8D3" bold="true" box="[151,390,1810,1836]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFE1AF896B410F8D3" box="[431,536,1810,1836]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Macenta,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD6FFBCFD2BF896B547F8D3" box="[670,847,1810,1836]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">French Guinea</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD6FFBCFCEAF896B25CF8D3" box="[863,1108,1810,1836]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Republic of Guinea</collectingCountry>
], 2/10, 19/
<date id="341F1035FFD6FFBCFB63F896B359F8D3" box="[1238,1361,1810,1836]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1926-05-21">21-5-1926</date>
, g. sl. Arct. 5864
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFEAEF8BEB77FF8AB" box="[283,375,1850,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
. in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFE15F8BEB7F4F8AB" box="[416,508,1850,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
; Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFD97F8BEB482F8AB" box="[546,650,1850,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, same data as
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD6FFBCFC84F8BEB592F8AB" box="[817,922,1850,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, g. sl. Arct. 5863
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFBDFF8BEB2CDF8AB" box="[1130,1221,1850,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD6FFBCFB5AF8BEB343F8AB" box="[1263,1355,1850,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD6FFBDFF70F8E6B7BAFE35" blockId="8.[151,1436,1810,2036]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,152,458]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF70F8E6B74DF883" bold="true" box="[197,325,1890,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD6FFBCFE76F8E6B44CF883" box="[451,580,1890,1916]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="25.0">2528 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground color ochreous yellow, paler than in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD6FFBCFB7FF8E7B357F883" box="[1226,1375,1891,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFB7FF8E7B357F883" box="[1226,1375,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; pattern brown-grey; basal area with large roundish patch composed of subcostal dot, set further back in comparison to
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD6FFBCFF59F837B78EF833" box="[236,390,1971,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFF59F837B78EF833" box="[236,390,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and with rounded patch instead of longitudinal patch as in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD6FFBCFBD9F837B30DF833" box="[1132,1285,1971,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD6FFBCFBD9F837B30DF833" box="[1132,1285,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; dark costal dusting extending to form distinct costal patch; basal band with slight distal concavity in median portion; median band similar that in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFE58FF1CB488FF4E" box="[493,640,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFE58FF1CB488FF4E" box="[493,640,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but somewhat less thick and stocky; postmedian band arising on costa, well separated from median band and repeating same pattern as postmedian band in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFB7AFF44B36EFF26" box="[1231,1382,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFB7AFF44B36EFF26" box="[1231,1382,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but more irregularly; postmedian band meeting median band at anal vein; submarginal band comprising eight fairly rounded streaks; the first five (anterior) streaks joined by transverse line, last three (posterior) free or joined; discal C-shaped patch with distal concavity; costa ochreous yellow except in basal area, limited to a patch as described above, in relation to bands and from submarginal band to apex, where it is brown-grey; underside color same as upperside; only anterior portions of median, postmedian and submarginal bands visible; fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD7FFBEFF2DF9ACB6CCFDBD" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD7FFBDFF2DF9ACB5D8F935" blockId="9.[151,1436,1576,1738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFF2DF9ACB704F9BF" bold="true" box="[152,268,1576,1600]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">PLATE 2.</emphasis>
Figures 915.
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFE03F9ADB428F9BF" box="[438,544,1577,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFE03F9ADB428F9BF" box="[438,544,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, adults. 9,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFD43F9ADB26CF9C0" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[758,1124,1576,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFD43F9ADB209F9BF" box="[758,1025,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides retromaculata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFB38F9ACB2E5F9C0" box="[1165,1261,1576,1599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFB4EF9ACB394F9C0" box="[1275,1436,1576,1599]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">French Guinea</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFF28F9CFB770F99D" box="[157,376,1611,1634]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Republic of Guinea</collectingCountry>
]; 10,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFE07F9CFB4B5F99D" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[434,701,1611,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFE07F9CFB454F99D" box="[434,604,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides rosea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFD54F9CFB549F99D" box="[737,833,1611,1634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFCF9F9CFB5CFF99D" box="[844,967,1611,1634]" name="Malawi" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Nyassaland</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFC61F9CFB2BCF99D" box="[980,1204,1611,1634]" name="Malawi" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
]; 11,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFB58F9CFB6F8F97B" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFB58F9CFB394F99D" box="[1261,1436,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, ♂
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFEA1F9E9B77CF97B" box="[276,372,1645,1668]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Johannesburg [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFDABF9E9B53DF97B" box="[542,821,1645,1668]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
]; 12,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFCDAF9EAB276F97B" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[879,1150,1645,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFCDAF9EAB215F97A" box="[879,1053,1646,1669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFB17F9E9B308F97B" box="[1186,1280,1645,1668]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFABEF9E9B390F97B" box="[1291,1432,1645,1668]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">South Africa</collectingCountry>
; 13,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFF0BF915B7C4F958" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[190,460,1680,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFF0BF915B764F957" box="[190,364,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, ♂
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFE5BF914B445F958" box="[494,589,1680,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFDE2F914B4EBF958" box="[599,739,1680,1703]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">South Africa</collectingCountry>
; 14,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFCA1F915B5C1F957" box="[788,969,1681,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFCA1F915B5C1F957" box="[788,969,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFC5AF914B247F958" box="[1007,1103,1680,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Kibwezi [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFB75F914B399F958" box="[1216,1425,1680,1703]" name="Kenya" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Republic of Kenya</collectingCountry>
]; 15,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD7FFBDFF0AF937B7DCF935" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[191,468,1715,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFF0AF937B77CF935" box="[191,372,1715,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, ♂
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD7FFBDFE42F937B45DF935" box="[503,597,1715,1738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFDD5F937B4D3F935" box="[608,731,1715,1738]" name="Malawi" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Nyassaland</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD7FFBDFD5DF937B5CEF935" box="[744,966,1715,1738]" name="Malawi" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Republic of Malawi</collectingCountry>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD7FFBDFF70F979B552F897" blockId="9.[151,1437,1789,2016]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFF70F979B743F8E8" bold="true" box="[197,331,1789,1815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside diaphanous straw-yellow, more intense along termen, with sequence of five evanescent submarginal streaks and large dot at tornus, all light grey; undersides like upperside, but with submarginal streaks more prominently marked; fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD7FFBEFF70F8F1B7EBFEAD" blockId="9.[151,1437,1789,2016]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,778]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD7FFBDFF70F8F1B718F870" bold="true" box="[197,272,1909,1935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Body:</emphasis>
head, thorax and abdomen same color as forewing ground; grey dot on vertex of head; antennae filiform yellow; labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond frons; two dark dots on tegulae; thorax with two dots on mesoscutum and one on mesoscutellum; legs yellow with dark scales on distal portion of femur and distal and proximal portions of tibia, this being more apparent on forelegs; tibial spurs 0-2-2; abdomen VII sternum slightly longer than VI; small pleural pouch between VI and VII segments; VII tergum trapezoidal, two times longer than VI; VIII abdominal segment slight greater than one third of VI; dorsal pheromone gland bilobate, almost twice as long as posterior apophyses; ventral pheromone gland bilobate, about half as long as posterior apophyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF70FEDBB6CCFDBD" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF70FEDBB74AFE86" bold="true" box="[197,322,351,377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Ψ: ostium circular, with slightly bell-shaped edges; lamella postvaginalis small, membranous; ductus bursae cylindrical, well sclerotized, as long as sternum VII, dividing at its anterior end into two stems, one about two times longer than the other; arch arising from between stems, from which cervix bursae arises dorsally; ductus seminalis membranous, vaguely pear-shaped, arising from cervix bursae; corpus bursae suboval, membranous; signa absent; longer axis of entire cervix-corpus displaced perpendicularly to ductus bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD4FFBEFF70FDCBB7AEFD6D" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF70FDCBB7AEFD6D" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF70FDCBB75EFD96" bold="true" box="[197,342,591,617]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Etymology:</emphasis>
the name is a combination of
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFD0DFDD4B4E7FD96" box="[696,751,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">retro</emphasis>
(behind) and
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFC21FDD4B209FD96" box="[916,1025,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">maculata</emphasis>
(spotted), referring to the large dot at the hindwing tornus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD4FFBEFF70FD1BB591FAFF" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF70FD1BB704FCF5" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF70FD1BB749FD46" bold="true" box="[197,321,671,697]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Remarks:</emphasis>
the most similar species to
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFD33FD24B543FD46" box="[646,843,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFD33FD24B543FD46" box="[646,843,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFCCBFD24B23DFD46" box="[894,1077,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFCCBFD24B23DFD46" box="[894,1077,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">A. atricraspeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFBD8FD24B2F6FD46" box="[1133,1278,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFBD8FD24B2F6FD46" box="[1133,1278,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is separable from both by the unique hndwing pattern. The two-stemmed ductus bursae is distinctive. The male is unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD4FFBEFF22FB42B591FAFF" blockId="10.[151,1436,1222,1281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFF22FB42B702FB21" bold="true" box="[151,266,1222,1246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">PLATE 3.</emphasis>
Figures 1617.
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFE08FB43B42FFB21" box="[445,551,1223,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFE08FB43B42FFB21" box="[445,551,1223,1246]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, adult wing venation. 16,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFC2EFB43B2A1FB21" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[923,1193,1223,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFC2EFB43B24FFB21" box="[923,1095,1223,1246]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Asuroides rosea</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD4FFBEFB7AFB43B327FB21" box="[1231,1327,1223,1246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, forewing venation; 17,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD4FFBEFE9CFB6EB436FAFF" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[297,574,1257,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD4FFBEFE9CFB6EB7D6FAFE" box="[297,478,1258,1281]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD4FFBEFDD4FB6DB4B7FAFF" box="[609,703,1257,1280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, hindwing venation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
<document id="AB145145F7B0BCDD2FA03981C0E48528" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180969" ID-GBIF-Dataset="717ae76c-8f76-4b1f-9397-e46d144f5e8b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180969" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459822400119" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Durante, Antonio" docDate="2008" docId="C80887E3FFD8FFB3FF22FCBBB281FE35" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01713p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1713" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Asuroides calimerae Durante, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="3431FF9BFFDEFFB4FFB5FF84B608FFFF" masterDocTitle="Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1698221980251" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="617F618797057EAE75D26DDCB68FD1D0">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B507996A1B69C00196F50AF1B5408FA0">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5E0C8334065C756052F6D3203E4F8EFB">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C80887E3FFD8FFB3FF22FCBBB281FE35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236070" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356056" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236070" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFD8FFB3FF22FCBBB281FE35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFD8FFB3FF22FCBBB281FE35" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD8FFB2FF22FCBBB72EFC83" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF22FCBBB493FCA6" blockId="6.[151,667,831,892]" box="[151,667,831,857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="1B568199FFD8FFB2FF22FCBBB493FCA6" bold="true" box="[151,667,831,857]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF22FCBBB493FCA6" bold="true" box="[151,667,831,857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FF22FCBBB7F7FCA6" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,511,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF22FCBBB785FCA6" bold="true" box="[151,397,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Asuroides calimerae</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFD8FFB2FDB9FCBBB493FCA6" box="[524,667,831,857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF22FCE6B72EFC83" blockId="6.[151,667,831,892]" box="[151,294,866,892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">(Figs. 7, 25)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD8FFB2FF22FC36B74DFA53" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF22FC36B491FC0B" blockId="6.[151,1437,946,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF22FC36B78FFC33" bold="true" box="[151,391,946,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD8FFB2FE04FC36B412FC33" box="[433,538,946,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Sédhiou,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FD29FC36B4F5FC33" box="[668,765,946,972]" name="Senegal" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Senegal</collectingCountry>
; 20/
<date id="341F1035FFD8FFB2FC80FC36B5A6FC33" box="[821,942,946,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="1917-08-30">30-8-1917</date>
, g. sl. Arct. 5860
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD8FFB2FB24FC36B2E4FC33" box="[1169,1260,946,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD8FFB2FAA8FC36B371FC33" box="[1309,1401,946,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">BMNH</collectionCode>
; Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD8FFB2FF22FC5EB6F7FC0B" box="[151,255,986,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, same data as
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD8FFB2FE13FC5EB407FC0B" box="[422,527,986,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD8FFB2FD8CFC5EB49DFC0B" box="[569,661,986,1012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF70FB86B74DFA53" blockId="6.[151,1437,946,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF70FB86B74DFBE3" bold="true" box="[197,325,1026,1052]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD8FFB2FE73FB86B441FBE3" box="[454,585,1026,1052]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="23.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="23.0">2324 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground colour pale ochreous yellow; pattern grey; basal area with dot-shaped or longitudinally elongated patch; basal band bent with obtuse angle proximally at the cell level, continuing to the inner margin with slight deflection on anal vein; median band arising with short piece perpendicular to costa, at subcostal vein heading toward basal band, touching basal band with horizontal streak, continuing distally and joining postmedian band at CuA2, then angling obtusely in proximal direction to inner margin; postmedian band arising close to median band, in question-mark shape, with distal edge elongated in three or four points longitudinally at cell level; submarginal band shaped similarly to postmedian, and consisting of an uninterrupted line; longitudinal streaks on M1 and M3 clearly discernible; C-shaped patch at distal end of cell present; costa yellow with light grey dusting between median and postmedian band; underside same color as upperside, bands much paler than on upperside, with scattered grey among the bands; fringes yellow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD8FFB3FF70FA3EB4D4FEFD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF70FA3EB42DFA03" blockId="6.[151,1437,946,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF70FA3EB743FA2B" bold="true" box="[197,331,1466,1492]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside straw-yellow, more deeply shaded along costa, termen and anal margin; underside like the upperside; fringes yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF70F98EB388F89B" blockId="6.[151,1437,946,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF70F98EB718F9DB" bold="true" box="[197,272,1546,1572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Body:</emphasis>
head, notum, thorax sterna, and entire abdomen same color as forewing ground (in specimens examined, the heads were faded, making it difficult to ascertain the presence or absence of dark scales); antennae filiform, yellow; labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond frons; tegulae with two grey dots; thorax with two grey dots on mesonotum, one on mesoscutellum; legs yellow, distal ends of femur and tibia dark (character not easily ascertained on mid- and hindlegs); tibial spurs 0-2-2; abdomen with VII sternum slightly longer than VI, its caudal edge presenting a small median hollow in line with ostium; VII tergum trapezoidal, twice as long as VI; VIII sternum slender, membranous, becoming stiff at lamella postvaginalis level; VIII tergum harder than sternum, sub-rectangular; dorsal pheromone gland unpaired, bilobate, almost twice as long as posterior apophyses; ventral pheromone glands paired, bag-shaped, slightly longer than half the apophyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB3FF70F8F6B4D4FEFD" blockId="6.[151,1437,946,2012]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,152,458]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF70F8F6B74AF873" bold="true" box="[197,322,1906,1932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Ψ: ostium roundish with rim blunted, almost bell-shaped, with ventral V-shaped notch; lamella postvaginalis sub-triangular, lightly sclerotized; ductus bursae with caudal portion rigid, sub-cylindrical, as long as VII and VI sterna together; median portion more than three times as long as caudal portion, wall with bee-nest-like structure, anterior portion becoming smooth and enlarging horn-like; ductus seminalis arising from median portion; corpus bursae bag-shaped, membranous, as in ductus enlarging and connecting creating a sharp bend; cervix bursae lacking; signa absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD9FFB3FF70FE8BB514FEAD" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70FE8BB514FEAD" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70FE8BB75EFED6" bold="true" box="[197,342,271,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Etymology:</emphasis>
this name honors the town of Calimera (South
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD9FFB3FC23FE94B5C5FED5" box="[918,973,272,298]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Italy</collectingCountry>
) and its citizens, who proudly provide hospitality to the Museo di Storia Naturale del Salento.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD9FFB3FF70FEDBB281FE35" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70FEDBB281FE35" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70FEDBB749FE86" bold="true" box="[197,321,351,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Remarks:</emphasis>
as a rule, the bands comprising the forewing pattern of
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FC63FEE4B264FE86" box="[982,1132,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FC63FEE4B264FE86" box="[982,1132,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are larger than other species in the genus, except
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FE74FE0CB437FE5E" box="[449,575,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FE74FE0CB437FE5E" box="[449,575,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. fasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The yellow wing fringes distinguish
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FBB7FE0CB290FE5E" box="[1026,1176,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FBB7FE0CB290FE5E" box="[1026,1176,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from all other congenerics, and the genitalia are unlike other members of the genus. The male is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
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<mods:title id="374C93438DD2141163DCF23C2DF3BDE3">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF22FD99B49EFDC8" blockId="7.[151,662,541,602]" box="[151,662,541,567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="1B568199FFD9FFB3FF22FD99B49EFDC8" bold="true" box="[151,662,541,567]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF22FD99B49EFDC8" bold="true" box="[151,662,541,567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF22FD99B781FDC8" bold="true" box="[151,393,541,567]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Asuroides dimidiata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
,
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF22FDC4B72EFDA5" blockId="7.[151,662,541,602]" box="[151,294,576,602]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">(Figs. 6, 24)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD9FFB3FF22FD0EB5BAFB53" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF22FD0EB562FD33" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF22FD0EB773FD5B" bold="true" box="[151,379,650,676]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Material analyzed</emphasis>
: Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD9FFB3FE1EFD0EB41CFD5B" box="[427,532,650,676]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Lowowo Valley, South Lowa Dist., W. Kiwu [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD9FFB3FBF8FD0EB6E3FD33" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
],
<quantity id="87599B10FFD9FFB3FF48FD36B75CFD33" box="[253,340,690,716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="ft" value="4000.0">4000 ft</quantity>
, 3-1924, g. sl. Arct. 5865
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD9FFB3FD30FD36B4E8FD33" box="[645,736,690,716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFD9FFB3FCBFFD36B56EFD33" box="[778,870,690,716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70FD5EB5BAFB53" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70FD5EB74DFD0B" bold="true" box="[197,325,730,756]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFD9FFB3FE65FD5EB423FD0B" box="[464,555,730,756]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground color ochreous yellow, darker in the basal area and between postmedian and submarginal bands; pattern brown-grey; large patch in basal area, formed by large dot behind cubital vein and dot on radial vein, merging with large costal fascia; basal band joins costal fascia at distal end, and continues to inner margin with slight distal uniform convexity; median band similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FF01FCFEB741FC6C" box="[180,329,890,915]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF01FCFEB741FC6C" box="[180,329,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but thicker and corners more rounded; postmedian band arising on costa close to median band, similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FED6FC26B7F2FC44" box="[355,506,930,955]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FED6FC26B7F2FC44" box="[355,506,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but more irregular, and linked to median band by a streak more or less at anal vein level; submarginal band consisting of seven dots, the two most posterior being merged together, and the four most anterior are linked by transversal line; two dots on M1 and M3 elongated distally; C-shaped patch present at distal end of discal cell; costa yellow except grey in basal area, at origin of median and postmedian bands, and from submarginal to apex; fringes brown-grey; underside with costal fascia in basal area clearly visible, but median, postmedian and submarginal bands scarcely distinguishable; ground color similar to upperside, but with diffuse and variable pink-orange colour present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD9FFB3FF70FB3EB573F923" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70FB3EB29FFB2B" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" box="[197,1175,1210,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70FB3EB743FB2B" bold="true" box="[197,331,1210,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside straw-yellow, underside like upperside; fringes straw-yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70FB66B7BBF9EB" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70FB66B718FB03" bold="true" box="[197,272,1250,1276]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Body:</emphasis>
head, thorax and abdomen same color as forewings ground; brown-grey dot on vertex; antennae yellow, filiform; labial palpi yellow porrect, not extending beyond frons; tegulae with two grey dots (notum on specimen examined spoiled, pattern not discernible); fore legs and one midleg present, color yellow with distal end of femur and tibia brown-grey (scarcely evident in the mid-leg); tibial spurs 0-2-?; abdomen with VII sternum longer than VI, clearly divided in two sub-rectangular shields; VII tergum sub-rectangular and long, about two times VI; VIII abdominal segment long, less than half VI segment, rigid except around the ostium, where it is soft and membranous (lamella postvaginalis); dorsal pheromone gland bilobate, as long as the posterior apophyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70F9A6B573F923" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70F9A6B74AF9C3" bold="true" box="[197,322,1570,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Ψ: ostium rounded, medium sized; ductus bursae sclerotized, cylindrical, slightly shorter than VII abdominal sternum; corpus bursae sub-spherical, not falling into the same axis as ductus but shifted left; dorsally presenting a sub-cylindrical prominence, from posterior end of which the ductus seminalis arises, and from anterior end a slender, diaphanous, bag-shaped appendix arises; corpus bursae sprinkled inside with small spines; anterior portion of appendix spined; signa absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD9FFB3FF70F96EB768F8D3" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70F96EB768F8D3" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70F96EB75EF8FB" bold="true" box="[197,342,1770,1796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Etymology:</emphasis>
the specific epithet refers to the poor condition of the
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD9FFB3FC6DF96EB24AF8FB" box="[984,1090,1770,1796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, appearing after dissection as only half a moth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD9FFB3FF70F8BEB47AF80B" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD9FFB3FF70F8BEB47AF80B" blockId="7.[151,1437,650,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FF70F8BEB749F8AB" bold="true" box="[197,321,1850,1876]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FEFFF8BFB7D4F8AB" box="[330,476,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FEFFF8BFB7D4F8AB" box="[330,476,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FDD6F8BFB4F2F8AB" box="[611,762,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FDD6F8BFB4F2F8AB" box="[611,762,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FCBEF8BFB5DAF8AB" box="[779,978,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FCBEF8BFB5DAF8AB" box="[779,978,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FC56F8BFB272F8AB" box="[995,1146,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FC56F8BFB272F8AB" box="[995,1146,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FB03F8BFB366F8AB" box="[1206,1390,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FB03F8BFB366F8AB" box="[1206,1390,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. atricraspeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be separated as follows: from all four other species by the thicker medial band; from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FB01F8E7B342F883" box="[1204,1354,1891,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FB01F8E7B342F883" box="[1204,1354,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the different hindwing ground color; from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FDE9F80FB529F85B" box="[604,801,1931,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FDE9F80FB529F85B" box="[604,801,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lacking hindwing patterning; from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FB56F80FB370F85B" box="[1251,1400,1931,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FB56F80FB370F85B" box="[1251,1400,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having dark forewing fringes; from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD9FFB3FD8CF837B4E7F833" box="[569,751,1971,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD9FFB3FD8CF837B4E7F833" box="[569,751,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">A. atricraspeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by genitalia (larger and shorter bursa, corpus bursae not in axis with ductus). The male is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
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<mods:title id="6E15199214F83AF4A81F581A6D9F6070">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9E8A2CFBC49F710A3C17AAB2E13CF4AC">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="4D2005B7C4B2BE522D79081D824F7B93">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C80887E3FFDBFFB2FF22FCE3B2B3FD1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236068" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236068" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFDBFFB2FF22FCE3B2B3FD1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFDBFFB2FF22FCE3B2B3FD1D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDBFFB1FF22FCE3B794FC5B" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF22FCE3B565FC7E" blockId="5.[151,877,871,932]" box="[151,877,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="1B568199FFDBFFB1FF22FCE3B565FC7E" bold="true" box="[151,877,871,897]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF22FCE3B565FC7E" bold="true" box="[151,877,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FF22FCE3B482FC7E" authority="Hampson, 1914" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,650,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF22FCE3B7A5FC7E" bold="true" box="[151,429,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson, 1914)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFDBFFB1FD2DFCE3B565FC7E" box="[664,877,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF22FC0EB794FC5B" blockId="5.[151,877,871,932]" box="[151,412,906,932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">(Figs. 4, 5, 19, 20, 23)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDBFFB1FF22FC5EB23FFC0E" box="[151,1079,986,1009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF22FC5EB23FFC0E" blockId="5.[151,1079,986,1009]" box="[151,1079,986,1009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FF22FC5EB41FFC0E" authority="Hampson, 1914" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,535,986,1009]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF22FC5EB76DFC0E" box="[151,357,986,1009]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Asura atricraspeda</emphasis>
Hampson, 1914
</taxonomicName>
, Cat. Lepid. Phalaenae Br. Mus. Suppl. vol. I: 766.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDBFFB1FF22FBA6B369F993" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF22FBA6B7B5FB4B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1058,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF22FBA6B772FBC3" bold="true" box="[151,378,1058,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Material analyzed</emphasis>
: ɗ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDBFFB1FE11FBA6B7D1FBC3" box="[420,473,1058,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDBFFB1FE50FBA6B464FBC3" box="[485,620,1058,1084]" name="Ghana" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
, Bibianaha [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDBFFB1FD49FBA6B5EAFBC3" box="[764,994,1058,1084]" name="Ghana" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Republic of Ghana</collectingCountry>
], g. sl. Arct. 5646
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FB0DFBA6B31BFBC3" box="[1208,1299,1058,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FA89FBA6B39FFBC3" box="[1340,1431,1058,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
, and hereby designated as
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDBFFB1FE76FBCEB47FFB9B" box="[451,631,1098,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="lectotype">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FE76FBCEB47FFB9B" bold="true" box="[451,631,1098,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">LECTOTYPE</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
; 2 ΨΨ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDBFFB1FD7FFBCEB57EFB9B" box="[714,886,1098,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
, same data as
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDBFFB1FBA9FBCEB282FB9B" box="[1052,1162,1098,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FB01FBCEB318FB9B" box="[1204,1296,1098,1124]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
; ɗ,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDBFFB1FA88FBCEB390FB9B" box="[1341,1432,1098,1124]" name="Nigeria" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
, g. sl. Arct. 5734
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FEEEFBF6B7BEFB73" box="[347,438,1138,1164]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FE55FBF6B434FB73" box="[480,572,1138,1164]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
; ɗ,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDBFFB1FDDFFBF6B4EFFB73" box="[618,743,1138,1164]" name="Cameroon" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
, g. sl. Arct. 5732
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FC03FBF6B219FB73" box="[950,1041,1138,1164]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FB8EFBF6B29FFB73" box="[1083,1175,1138,1164]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
; Ψ,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDBFFB1FB70FBF6B31CFB73" box="[1221,1300,1138,1164]" name="Ghana" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Ghana</collectingCountry>
, g. sl. Arct. 5746
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FF6DFB1EB73BFB4B" box="[216,307,1178,1204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDBFFB1FEE8FB1EB7B1FB4B" box="[349,441,1178,1204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF70FB46B369F993" blockId="5.[151,1437,1058,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF70FB46B74DFB23" bold="true" box="[197,325,1218,1244]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFDBFFB1FE70FB46B440FB23" box="[453,584,1218,1244]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="18.0">1825 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground colour orange yellow (female lighter than male); pattern brown-grey (less prominent in females); basal area with large dot, costa heavily tinged with black; basal and median bands more thickened and closer than in other
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FCEDFA97B5C4FAD3" box="[856,972,1299,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FCEDFA97B5C4FAD3" box="[856,972,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species; basal band arising from distal end of black costal streak, bending at level of cell and anal vein, being convex distally; median band arising a little before half costa, directed distally for a short distance, then forming acute angle and bending towards the basal band (meeting this at cell level), then bending distally to join the postmedian band between the second cubital and the anal vein, then extending proximally to inner margin and fusing with basal band; postmedian band arising beyond the median band on costa, shaped like trembling question mark, and with base joining the median band and subsequently extending towards the inner margin; submarginal band following the shape of postmedian band, and consisting of six quite roundish streaks, the two streaks on M1 and M3 lengthened distally; C-shaped patch at the end of the cell present; underside lighter than upperside; fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDBFFB2FF70F9FEB271FE5D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF70F9FEB776F943" blockId="5.[151,1437,1058,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF70F9FEB743F96B" bold="true" box="[197,331,1658,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Hindwing:</emphasis>
upperside ground colour straw-yellow; underside like upperside; fringes straw-yellow with some black at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF70F94EB4E7F82B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1058,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF70F94EB70EF91B" bold="true" box="[197,262,1738,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Body</emphasis>
: head, thorax and abdomen same color as forewing ground, thorax sterna slightly lighter; head with dark dot on vertex; female antennae filiform (missing on males); labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond the frons; tegulae and thorax pattern not examined; legs orange yellow, with distal part of femur and distal and proximal parts of tibia dark; few dark scales on the distal segment of tarsus and pretarsus; tibial spurs 0-2-2; male with small dimple-shaped coremata between VII and VIII sternum; female abdominal segments VII and VIII membranous, pheromone dorsal gland with rather narrow, shallow lobes and total gland length comparable to length of posterior apophyses
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF70FF13B271FE5D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF70FF13B74AFF4E" bold="true" box="[197,322,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Genitalia:</emphasis>
ɗ: uncus quite long and larger than other
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FCE3FF1CB5C2FF4E" box="[854,970,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FCE3FF1CB5C2FF4E" box="[854,970,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, curved at median region and pointed distally; tegumen and vinculum strong; saccus not deep; juxta trapezoidal; papilla-shaped valvellae in dorso-lateral position; distal margin of valva least wavy in the genus, and notably the inferior apex process (ventral) is roundish and wider than all congeneric species; aedeagus with bilobed vesica, with single large cornutus; Ψ: on the basis of the image of BMNH 5476, the ductus bursae appears stiff in its caudal portion, which is frustum-of-cone shaped (antrum?), and membranous for a long distance up to the membranous corpus bursae, which appear suboval and without signa; the cervix appears to be absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFD8FFB2FF70FE2BB2B3FD1D" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFD8FFB2FF70FE2BB2B3FD1D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FF70FE2BB749FE36" bold="true" box="[197,321,431,457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Remarks:</emphasis>
this species resembles
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FDE6FE34B4EBFE36" box="[595,739,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FDE6FE34B4EBFE36" box="[595,739,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FCA9FE34B5EBFE36" box="[796,995,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FCA9FE34B5EBFE36" box="[796,995,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general coloration, but can be separated from both by the thicker basal and median bands on the forewing; it differs from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FB01FE5CB373FE0E" box="[1204,1403,472,497]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FB01FE5CB373FE0E" box="[1204,1403,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being unmaculated on the hindwing; and it differs from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FC8FFD84B5DAFDE6" box="[826,978,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FC8FFD84B5DAFDE6" box="[826,978,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has yellow fringes. The ductus bursae of
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FEBFFDACB7CEFDBE" box="[266,454,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atracraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FEBFFDACB7CEFDBE" box="[266,454,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. atracraspeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is long, not curved at the anterior end as in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FC71FDACB251FDBE" box="[964,1113,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FC71FDACB251FDBE" box="[964,1113,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and the rigid posterior end is larger and shorter than in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FE40FDD4B486FD96" box="[501,654,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FE40FDD4B486FD96" box="[501,654,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. calimerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The species occurs in
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FC07FDD4B209FD95" box="[946,1025,592,618]" name="Ghana" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ghana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FBA4FDD4B264FD95" box="[1041,1132,592,618]" name="Nigeria" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FBCEFDD4B2F0FD95" box="[1147,1272,592,618]" name="Cameroon" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FAB2FDD4B390FD95" box="[1287,1432,592,618]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FF22FDFCB6EDFD6D" box="[151,229,632,658]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Congo</collectingCountry>
(ex
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FEA9FDFCB7C0FD6D" box="[284,456,632,658]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">French Congo</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FE6BFDFCB575FD6D" box="[478,893,632,658]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(ex
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FC01FDFCB263FD6D" box="[948,1131,632,658]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Belgian Congo</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FB35FDFCB2D6FD6D" box="[1152,1246,632,658]" name="Uganda" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FB5EFDFCB34DFD6D" box="[1259,1349,632,658]" name="Angola" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Angola</collectingCountry>
. Specimens from the
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FEFBFD24B474FD45" box="[334,636,672,698]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
are
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFD8FFB2FD07FD24B511FD46" box="[690,793,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFD8FFB2FD07FD24B511FD46" box="[690,793,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. rubea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Note that the cornutus in the male
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFD8FFB2FB78FD24B330FD45" box="[1229,1336,672,698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
is more curved and smaller than in the specimens examined from
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FC8EFD4CB59BFD1D" box="[827,915,712,738]" name="Nigeria" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFD8FFB2FC79FD4CB24EFD1D" box="[972,1094,712,738]" name="Cameroon" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
(Fig. 20).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
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<mods:title id="4FFDA9F657A57A9215E6FE001D6949C3">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="C80887E3FFDCFFB7FF22FDCBB5E6FAC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236064" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356051" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236064" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80887E3FFDCFFB7FF22FDCBB5E6FAC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80887E3FFDCFFB7FF22FDCBB5E6FAC5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDCFFB6FF22FDCBB407FD96" box="[151,527,591,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF22FDCBB407FD96" blockId="2.[151,527,591,617]" box="[151,527,591,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="1B568199FFDCFFB6FF22FDCBB407FD96" bold="true" box="[151,527,591,617]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF22FDCBB407FD96" bold="true" box="[151,527,591,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FF22FDCBB789FD96" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,385,591,617]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF22FDCBB718FD96" box="[151,272,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, new genus
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDCFFB6FF22FD1EB40EFC13" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF22FD1EB4A4FD4E" blockId="2.[151,684,666,689]" box="[151,684,666,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDCFFB6FF22FD1EB6C4FD4E" box="[151,204,666,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FE98FD1EB4A0FD4E" authority="Wallengren, 1860" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1860" box="[301,680,666,689]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Setina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FE98FD1EB7EAFD4E" box="[301,482,666,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Setina sagenaria</emphasis>
Wallengren, 1860
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF22FD66B40EFC13" blockId="2.[151,1437,738,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF22FD66B71EFD03" bold="true" box="[151,278,738,764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Forewing:</emphasis>
wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFDCFFB6FE20FD66B41FFD03" box="[405,535,738,764]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="20.0">2031 mm</quantity>
, overall appearance squatter than in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FC74FD66B20FFD04" box="[961,1031,738,763]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC74FD66B20FFD04" box="[961,1031,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; ground colour from straw-yellow to ochreous yellow, to brick-red, with brown-grey or violaceous-grey pattern formed by irregular transverse bands; normally two basal dots; one basal band; one median band, linked to basal band by a longitudinal streak, approaching post-median band and sometimes joined with it at the costa; median and post-median bands connected at first anal vein (except in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FD28FC06B57CFC64" box="[669,884,898,923]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FD28FC06B57CFC64" box="[669,884,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides fasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); sub-marginal band formed by series of longitudinal streaks (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FEE1FC2EB414FC3C" box="[340,540,938,963]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FEE1FC2EB414FC3C" box="[340,540,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or a continuous line (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FC99FC2EB5E5FC3C" box="[812,1005,938,963]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC99FC2EB5E5FC3C" box="[812,1005,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FC49FC2EB29BFC3C" box="[1020,1171,938,963]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Setina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC49FC2EB29BFC3C" box="[1020,1171,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); streaks on veins M1 and M3 always distally shifted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDCFFB7FF70FC7EB759FF25" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF70FC7EB40CFB9B" blockId="2.[151,1437,738,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF70FC7EB743FBEB" bold="true" box="[197,331,1018,1044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Hindwing:</emphasis>
proportionately larger than in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FD06FC7EB4F1FBEC" box="[691,761,1018,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FD06FC7EB4F1FBEC" box="[691,761,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; ground colour uniform, similar or lighter than forewing; small grey sub-marginal streaks may be present (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FD6DFBA6B5F1FBC4" box="[728,1017,1058,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FD6DFBA6B5F1FBC4" box="[728,1017,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FBBCFBA6B262FBC4" box="[1033,1130,1058,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FBBCFBA6B262FBC4" box="[1033,1130,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FBCCFBA6B2EEFBC4" box="[1145,1254,1058,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FBCCFBA6B2EEFBC4" box="[1145,1254,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FAABFBA6B394FBC4" box="[1310,1436,1058,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FAABFBA6B394FBC4" box="[1310,1436,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. fasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there is a large marginal fascia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF70FBF6B49FFAFB" blockId="2.[151,1437,738,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF70FBF6B736FB73" bold="true" box="[197,318,1138,1164]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Venation:</emphasis>
similar to
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FE0EFBF7B409FB73" box="[443,513,1139,1164]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FE0EFBF7B409FB73" box="[443,513,1139,1164]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with forewing subcosta anastomosing with R; Rs1 free; Rs2, Rs3, Rs4 stalked (in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FF75FB1FB70CFB4B" box="[192,260,1179,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF75FB1FB70CFB4B" box="[192,260,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">rubea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFDCFFB6FEBBFB1EB75AFB4B" box="[270,338,1178,1204]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FEBBFB1EB75AFB4B" bold="true" box="[270,338,1178,1204]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
M1 is also stalked with [Rs2, Rs3, Rs4]); hindwing frenulum composed of 34 bristles; Rs and M1 stalked; M2 always free (in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FDF2FB47B485FB23" box="[583,653,1219,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FDF2FB47B485FB23" box="[583,653,1219,1244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it can have the same origin with M3); M3 and CuA1 always free, even if the origin is close (see Figs. 1617).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF70FA96B5FBF993" blockId="2.[151,1437,738,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF70FA96B718FAD3" bold="true" box="[197,272,1298,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Body:</emphasis>
legs with tibial spur formula 0-2-2 (in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FD56FA97B521FAD3" box="[739,809,1299,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FD56FA97B521FAD3" box="[739,809,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is 0-2-4); apodemes of the second abdominal sternum relatively long; ventrally, between A7A8, males have small coremata with androconia inside; female dorsal pheromone glands unpaired with one posterior opening in the A8A9 intersegmental membrane, bifurcating anteriorly to form two lobes that vary from being shallow (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FC0EFA0FB2D6FA5B" box="[955,1246,1419,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC0EFA0FB2D6FA5B" box="[955,1246,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FB44FA0FB379FA5B" box="[1265,1393,1419,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FB44FA0FB379FA5B" box="[1265,1393,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. fasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to deep (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FF56FA37B75CFA33" box="[227,340,1459,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF56FA37B75CFA33" box="[227,340,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); this is somewhat unusual for Lithosiinae, where “the lobes [vary] from very short… to slightly elongated, with tapering apices” (
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDCFFB6FD35FA5EB582FA0B" author="Bendib" box="[640,906,1498,1524]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Bendib, A. &amp; Minet, J. (1998) Female pheromone glands in Arctiidae (Lepidoptera). Evolution and phylogenetic significance. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris (III series), 321, 1007 - 1014." type="journal article" year="1998">Bendib &amp; Minet 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 1010); additional ventral glands with probable pherormonal function (they may be absent from
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FCB4F987B5E5F9E3" box="[769,1005,1539,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FCB4F987B5E5F9E3" box="[769,1005,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FC48F987B257F9E3" box="[1021,1119,1539,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC48F987B257F9E3" box="[1021,1119,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses two ventral saccular formations between A8A9, that appear composed from a different tissue; see
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDCFFB6FB70F9AEB364F9BB" author="Durante" box="[1221,1388,1578,1604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" refString="Durante, A. (2007) I Lepidotteri del Delta del Niger (settimo contributo). Genus Thumatha Walker (Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Con descrizione della nuova specie Thumatha lunaris. Thalassia Salentina, 30, 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="2007">Durante 2007</bibRefCitation>
for additional notes on the utility of pheromonal glands in arctiid taxonomy).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB7FF70F9FEB759FF25" blockId="2.[151,1437,738,2004]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,1338]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF70F9FEB74AF96B" bold="true" box="[197,322,1658,1684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Genitalia:</emphasis>
ɗ: valva not bifurcate into supravalva and ala valvae processes as in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FBCCF9FFB2B7F96B" box="[1145,1215,1659,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FBCCF9FFB2B7F96B" box="[1145,1215,1659,1684]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; processus distalis plicae appears as a swelling almost at half costa, and is often difficult to observe; uncus long, one third of the valva, distally curved, ending with a small and well sclerotized tip; aedeagus tubular; vesica bilobate with either single large cornutus (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FE41F977B5ACF8F3" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[500,932,1778,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FE41F977B501F8F3" box="[500,777,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson))
</taxonomicName>
, one or two clusters of spines (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FA9DF977B6D3F8CB" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FA9DF977B6D3F8CB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides rubea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FF59F89FB78CF8CB" box="[236,388,1819,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Setina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FF59F89FB78CF8CB" box="[236,388,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or no cornutus or spines (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FD7FF89FB530F8CB" box="[714,824,1819,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FD7FF89FB530F8CB" box="[714,824,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Ψ: ostium usually elliptical, variable in size from one sixth (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FEACF8C7B781F8A3" box="[281,393,1859,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FEACF8C7B781F8A3" box="[281,393,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to three fourths (
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FDD9F8C7B4D8F8A3" box="[620,720,1859,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FDD9F8C7B4D8F8A3" box="[620,720,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) the average diameter of A7; lamella antevaginalis absent; postvaginalis present; antrum not distinguished from ductus; ductus bursae always well sclerotized, usually cylindrical; cervix present (reduced in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FDE8F817B576F853" box="[605,894,1939,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retromaculata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FDE8F817B576F853" box="[605,894,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Asuroides retromaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, absent in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FC4BF817B256F853" box="[1022,1118,1939,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC4BF817B256F853" box="[1022,1118,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), from which ductus seminalis originates (in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FECCF83FB7D1F82B" box="[377,473,1979,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FECCF83FB7D1F82B" box="[377,473,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it originates at the junction of ductus bursae and corpus); corpus bursae membranous, of moderate size (in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FE7BFF1CB426FF4E" box="[462,558,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FE7BFF1CB426FF4E" box="[462,558,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">A. rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is large and sclerotized), lacking signa; anterior and posterior apophyses well developed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDDFFB7FF70FF63B51FFED5" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF70FF63B51FFED5" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF70FF63B75EFEFE" bold="true" box="[197,342,231,257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Etymology:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FEEAFF6CB7DBFEFE" box="[351,467,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FEEAFF6CB7DBFEFE" box="[351,467,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is feminine, and represents a combination of the name
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FBD8FF6CB2BBFEFE" box="[1133,1203,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FBD8FF6CB2BBFEFE" box="[1133,1203,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FB4FFF6CB33FFEFE" box="[1274,1335,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">oides</emphasis>
(similar to), indicating the close relationship of the two genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDDFFB7FF70FEB3B7C0FE0D" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF70FEB3B7C0FE0D" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF70FEB3B749FEAE" bold="true" box="[197,321,311,337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Remarks:</emphasis>
a group of medium sized African lithosiine moths that previously had been included in the genus
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF5CFEE4B79DFE85" authority="Walker." authorityName="Walker." box="[233,405,352,378]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF5CFEE4B727FE86" box="[233,303,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
Walker.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FE11FEE4B410FE86" box="[420,536,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FE11FEE4B410FE86" box="[420,536,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is Afrotropical in distribution, ranging throughout south-Saharan Africa (
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FF2AFE0CB6F6FE5D" box="[159,254,392,418]" name="Senegal" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Senegal</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FE97FE0CB77AFE5D" box="[290,370,392,418]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, to the South African Republic). Most of the species of
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FC48FE0CB279FE5E" box="[1021,1137,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FC48FE0CB279FE5E" box="[1021,1137,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are know from few specimens, and quite limited geographic ranges, with the exception of
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FC64FE34B2EFFE36" box="[977,1255,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FC64FE34B2EFFE36" box="[977,1255,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which occurs widely throughout Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDDFFB7FF73FD84B5E6FAC5" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF73FD84B49DFC2D" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF73FD84B732FDE6" box="[198,314,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF73FD84B732FDE6" box="[198,314,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosable as follows: male antennae ciliated or serrate (bipectinate in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FB18FD84B2FBFDE6" box="[1197,1267,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FB18FD84B2FBFDE6" box="[1197,1267,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FA9AFD84B6DEFDBD" author="Common" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Common, I. F. B. (1990) Moths of Australia. Melbourne University Press, 535 pp." type="book" year="1990">Common 1990</bibRefCitation>
); tibial spur formula 0-2-2 (0-2-
<quantity id="87599B10FFDDFFB7FDE1FDACB48CFDBD" box="[596,644,552,578]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FD39FDACB4DAFDBE" box="[652,722,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FD39FDACB4DAFDBE" box="[652,722,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); male valva undivided (valva with evident and well developed saccular process in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FE0AFDD4B40DFD96" box="[447,517,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FE0AFDD4B40DFD96" box="[447,517,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[= distal end of ala valvae, sensu
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FC2FFDD4B274FD95" author="Birket-Smith" box="[922,1148,592,618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Birket-Smith, J. (1965) A revision of the West African eilemic moths, based on the male genitalia. (Lep., Arctiidae, Lithosinae; incl. gen. Crocosia, Eilema, Lithosia, Pelosia, Phryganopsis a. o.). Haile Sellassie I University (Addis Ababa), Papers from the Faculty of Science, Series C (Zoology), 1, 1 - 161." type="journal article" year="1965">Birket-Smith 1965</bibRefCitation>
]); median costal process of male valva very small, often difficult to observe (clearly evident in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FC58FDFCB23BFD6E" box="[1005,1075,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FC58FDFCB23BFD6E" box="[1005,1075,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[= processus distalis plicae]); male vesica bilobate, with or without spines and cornuti (vesica multilobate with clusters of spines in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FAF1FD24B382FD46" box="[1348,1418,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FAF1FD24B382FD46" box="[1348,1418,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); female cervix and corpus bursae often laterally displaced relative to ductus bursae (usually on same axis in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF22FD74B6D5FCF6" box="[151,221,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22FD74B6D5FCF6" box="[151,221,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); ductus bursae always sclerotized at least partially. In
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FCC4FD74B5BFFCF6" box="[881,951,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FCC4FD74B5BFFCF6" box="[881,951,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDDFFB7FC7DFD74B5F4FCF5" box="[968,1020,752,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FBD7FD74B394FCF5" authority="Walker, 1854" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[1122,1436,752,778]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FBD7FD74B2FEFCF6" box="[1122,1270,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">A. cervicalis</emphasis>
Walker, 1854
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FF6DFC9CB74DFCCD" box="[216,325,792,818]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Australia</collectingCountry>
) the forewings are longer and the hindwings are proportionally smaller than in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FB5BFC9CB36AFCCE" box="[1262,1378,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FB5BFC9CB36AFCCE" box="[1262,1378,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the overall wing pattern consists of large patches on a blackish ground color, whereas the ground color is light in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF03FCECB722FC7E" box="[182,298,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF03FCECB722FC7E" box="[182,298,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(some other Australian and Bornean
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FD5CFCECB527FC7E" box="[745,815,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FD5CFCECB527FC7E" box="[745,815,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a somewhat less extensive dark ground colour e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF65FC14B42AFC55" authority="Donovan 1805" authorityName="Donovan" authorityYear="1805" box="[208,546,912,938]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lydia">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF65FC14B750FC56" box="[208,344,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura lydia</emphasis>
(Donovan 1805)
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FD20FC14B207FC55" authority="Hampson, 1900" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[661,1039,912,938]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulguritis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FD20FC14B546FC56" box="[661,846,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura fulguritis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FCE0FC14B207FC55" author="Hampson" box="[853,1039,912,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum. Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae). Vol. II. London, xx + 589 pp." type="book" year="1900">Hampson, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
presents a wing pattern similar to the genus
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FEB8FC3CB499FC2D" authority="Moore (Holloway 2001)" authorityName="Moore (Holloway" authorityYear="2001" box="[269,657,952,978]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FEB8FC3CB760FC2E" box="[269,360,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Lyclene</emphasis>
Moore (Holloway 2001)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF73FC64B5E6FAC5" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF73FC64B732FC06" box="[198,314,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF73FC64B732FC06" box="[198,314,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to fit well within the arctiid tribe Nudariini Walker [1865] (note that
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FB7DFC64B305FC06" box="[1224,1293,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FB7DFC64B305FC06" box="[1224,1293,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had historically been tabulated in Nudariini Börner, 1920; see
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FD5AFB8CB23AFBDD" author="Speidel" box="[751,1074,1032,1058]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Speidel, W. &amp; Naumann, C. M. (2004) A survey of family - group names in noctuoid moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Systematics and Biodiversity, 2 (2), 191 - 221." type="journal article" year="2004">Speidel &amp; Naumann (2004)</bibRefCitation>
for elaboration). Nevertheless, the tibial spur formula of 0-2-
<quantity id="87599B10FFDDFFB7FE44FBB4B416FBB5" box="[497,542,1072,1098]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FD90FBB4B491FBB6" box="[549,665,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FD90FBB4B491FBB6" box="[549,665,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to have not been previously described for Nudariini, with only 0-2-4 being reported by
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FE42FBDCB50FFB8D" author="Bendib" box="[503,775,1112,1138]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Bendib, A. &amp; Minet, J. (1999 [2000]) Lithosiine main lineages and their possible interrelationships. I. Definition of new or resurrected tribes (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.), 35 (3 - 4), 241 - 263." type="journal article" year="1999">Bendib &amp; Minet (1999</bibRefCitation>
[2000]). In fact, 0-2-2 is rare throughout the subfamily Lithosiinae: it is not seen in Nudariini, Phryganopterygini,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FCFDFB04B5A5FB65" box="[840,941,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Acsalini">Acsalini</taxonomicName>
, Eudesmiini, and Endrosini; in Cisthenini, 0-2-4, 0-2-3, and 0-2-2 all occur, but the African genera
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FCF3FB2CB23BFB3D" authority="Wallengren" authorityName="Wallengren" box="[838,1075,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pusiola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FCF3FB2CB5A8FB3E" box="[838,928,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Pusiola</emphasis>
Wallengren
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FBF4FB2CB31EFB3D" authority="Strand" authorityName="Strand" box="[1089,1302,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pusiolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FBF4FB2CB2C8FB3E" box="[1089,1216,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Pusiolania</emphasis>
Strand
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FAE1FB2CB6E3FB15" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FAE1FB2CB394FB3E" box="[1364,1436,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Siccia</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
present 0-2-4; and in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FE5FFB54B457FB15" ID-CoL="93N4G" box="[490,607,1232,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lithosiini">Lithosiini</taxonomicName>
, the genera
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FD5CFB54B56AFB16" box="[745,866,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Architosia</emphasis>
Birket-Smith,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FBA5FB54B26BFB16" box="[1040,1123,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Zobida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FBA5FB54B26BFB16" box="[1040,1123,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Zobida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.-S., Nanna B.-S.,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FAE7FB54B391FB16" box="[1362,1433,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Tesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FAE7FB54B391FB16" box="[1362,1433,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Tesma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.-S.,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF50FB7CB730FAEE" box="[229,312,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cragia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF50FB7CB730FAEE" box="[229,312,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Cragia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.-S.,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FE24FB7CB7D4FAEE" box="[401,476,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Muxta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FE24FB7CB7D4FAEE" box="[401,476,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Muxta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.-S.,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FD80FB7CB518FAED" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[565,784,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FD80FB7CB49DFAEE" box="[565,661,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Lithosia</emphasis>
Fabricius
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FCAAFB7CB590FAEE" box="[799,920,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Archilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FCAAFB7CB590FAEE" box="[799,920,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Archilema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.-S.,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FC47FB7CB2A6FAED" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[1010,1198,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pelosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FC47FB7CB242FAEE" box="[1010,1098,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Pelosia</emphasis>
Hübner
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FB08FB7CB310FAEE" box="[1213,1304,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Ovenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FB08FB7CB310FAEE" box="[1213,1304,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Ovenna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.-S., and
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF22FAA4B741FAC5" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[151,329,1312,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22FAA4B6E2FAC6" box="[151,234,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Eilema</emphasis>
Hübner
</taxonomicName>
all present 0-2-4 (pers. obs.; see also
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FCB7FAA4B5E9FAC5" author="Birket-Smith" box="[770,993,1312,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Birket-Smith, J. (1965) A revision of the West African eilemic moths, based on the male genitalia. (Lep., Arctiidae, Lithosinae; incl. gen. Crocosia, Eilema, Lithosia, Pelosia, Phryganopsis a. o.). Haile Sellassie I University (Addis Ababa), Papers from the Faculty of Science, Series C (Zoology), 1, 1 - 161." type="journal article" year="1965">Birket-Smith 1965</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
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<mods:title id="71C190646F7840D193068D8EEB632146">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF22FA13B56EFA4E" blockId="3.[151,870,1431,1492]" box="[151,870,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<heading id="1B568199FFDDFFB7FF22FA13B56EFA4E" bold="true" box="[151,870,1431,1457]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" reason="1">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22FA13B56EFA4E" bold="true" box="[151,870,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF22FA13B48BFA4E" authority="Wallengren, 1860" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,643,1431,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22FA13B786FA4E" bold="true" box="[151,398,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asuroides sagenaria</emphasis>
(Wallengren, 1860)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="69E6579CFFDDFFB7FD25FA13B56EFA4E" box="[656,870,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF22FA3EB74BFA2B" blockId="3.[151,870,1431,1492]" box="[151,323,1466,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">(Figs. 1, 2, 18)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDDFFB7FF22F98EB5D1F97E" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF22F98EB52CF9DE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1546,1665]" box="[151,804,1546,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF22F98EB419F9DE" authority="Wallengren, 1860" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,529,1546,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Setina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22F98EB743F9DE" box="[151,331,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Setina sagenaria</emphasis>
Wallengren, 1860
</taxonomicName>
, Wien. Ent. Mon., IV: 46.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF22F9AEB207F9BE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1546,1665]" box="[151,1039,1578,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF22F9AEB406F9BE" authority="Wallengren, 1860" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,526,1578,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22F9AEB740F9BE" box="[151,328,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Asura sagenaria</emphasis>
Wallengren, 1860
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FDACF9AEB4CDF9BE" author="Hampson" box="[537,709,1578,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum. Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae). Vol. II. London, xx + 589 pp." type="book" year="1900">Hampson, 1900</bibRefCitation>
, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., II: 445.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF22F9CEB5D1F97E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1546,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FF22F9CEB7FAF99E" authority="Walker, 1864" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,498,1610,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Barsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22F9CEB754F99E" box="[151,348,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Barsine natalensis</emphasis>
Walker, 1864
</taxonomicName>
, List Het. Br. Mus. XXXI: 250, is synonymized with
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDDFFB7FB9DF9CEB29BF99E" box="[1064,1171,1610,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FB9DF9CEB29BF99E" box="[1064,1171,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDDFFB7FB0FF9CEB367F99E" author="Hampson" box="[1210,1391,1610,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum. Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae). Vol. II. London, xx + 589 pp." type="book" year="1900">Hampson (1900)</bibRefCitation>
, but its
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDDFFB7FF52F9EEB71DF97E" box="[231,277,1642,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
is damaged and it is not possible to examine the genitalia (Fig. 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDDFFB0FF22F936B2ADFE5D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB7FF22F936B437F8E3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1714,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF22F936B78DF933" bold="true" box="[151,389,1714,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Material analyzed:</emphasis>
ɗ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDDFFB7FE19F936B7E9F933" box="[428,481,1714,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
, Caffraria [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FDD2F936B596F933" box="[615,926,1714,1740]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
], no date, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDDFFB7FB8FF936B284F933" box="[1082,1164,1714,1740]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rsbi-vwmq" name="Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Collections" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">NHRS</collectionCode>
; ɗ,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FB0BF936B2F5F933" box="[1214,1277,1714,1740]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Natal</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FAB8F936B73CF90B" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
], no date, g. sl. Arct. 5861
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDDFFB7FDC4F95EB4C4F90B" box="[625,716,1754,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDDFFB7FD42F95EB55BF90B" box="[759,851,1754,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">BMNH</collectionCode>
; ɗ, Zululand [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDDFFB7FC4FF95EB324F90B" box="[1018,1324,1754,1780]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
], no date, g. sl. Arct. 5862
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDDFFB7FEEEF886B7BEF8E3" box="[347,438,1794,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">BMNH</collectionCode>
, in
<collectionCode id="26B0AE30FFDDFFB7FE55F886B434F8E3" box="[480,572,1794,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">BMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDDFFB0FF70F8AEB2ADFE5D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1714,2020]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,418]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDDFFB7FF70F8AEB74DF8BB" bold="true" box="[197,325,1834,1860]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Forewing:</emphasis>
ɗ: wingspan
<quantity id="87599B10FFDDFFB7FE5DF8AEB462F8BB" box="[488,618,1834,1860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="23.0">2325 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground colour ochreous yellow; pattern brown-grey; basal area with proximal dot on subcosta and longitudinal patch posteriorly and distally to it; basal band bending at level of cell and anal vein (1A+2A), being convex distally; median band arising at about half costa, directed distally for short distance, then forming acute angle and bending toward basal band (meeting this at cell level), then again distally joining post-median band between second cubital and anal vein, from there extending proximally to inner margin; post-median band arising slightly beyond median band on the costa, shaped like a question mark with the base joined to the median, thereafter extending towards the inner margin with slight distal inclination; sub-marginal band same shape as postmedian, consisting of eight streaks joined transversally, two streaks on M1 and M3 often lengthen distally to join the termen; a C-shaped patch with distal concavity at distal end of cell; costa dark basally, at the beginning of the median and sub-median bands, and at least along its distal third, otherwise yellow; underside ground color same as upperside, wing pattern covering only the anterior portions of the postmedian and submarginal bands; fringes brown-grey.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDAFFB1FF22F98FB35EFDBD" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDAFFB0FF22F98FB379F92F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1547,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FF22F98FB703F9DC" bold="true" box="[151,267,1547,1571]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">PLATE 1.</emphasis>
Figures 18.
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FE11F988B406F9DC" box="[420,526,1548,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FE11F988B406F9DC" box="[420,526,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species, adults. 1,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FCD7F988B2DEF9DC" authority="Wallengren" authorityName="Wallengren" box="[866,1238,1548,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FCD7F988B237F9DC" box="[866,1087,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides sagenaria</emphasis>
(Wallengren)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FB4BF988B327F9DC" box="[1278,1327,1548,1571]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
, Caffraria [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FF28F9AAB7BBF9BA" box="[157,435,1582,1605]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
]; 2,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FE6AF9ABB547F9BA" authority="Wallengren" authorityName="Wallengren" box="[479,847,1582,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FE6AF9ABB4B2F9B9" box="[479,698,1583,1606]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides sagenaria</emphasis>
(Wallengren)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FCCFF9AAB5BCF9BA" box="[890,948,1582,1605]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Natal</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FC75F9AAB2DEF9BA" box="[960,1238,1582,1605]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
]; 3,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FAB7F9ABB728F997" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Barsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FAB7F9ABB6C4F997" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Barsine natalensis</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
, ♂
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FEF2F9D5B770F997" box="[327,376,1617,1640]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FE36F9D5B7B5F997" box="[387,445,1617,1640]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Natal</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FE7EF9D5B4ECF997" box="[459,740,1617,1640]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
]; 4,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FCA4F9D5B285F997" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[785,1165,1617,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FCA4F9D5B202F997" box="[785,1034,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FB07F9D5B31FF997" box="[1202,1303,1617,1640]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FA97F9D5B394F997" box="[1314,1436,1617,1640]" name="Ghana" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FF28F9F0B772F974" box="[157,378,1652,1675]" name="Ghana" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Republic of Ghana</collectingCountry>
]; 5,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FE05F9F0B53CF974" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[432,820,1652,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FE05F9F0B4A6F974" box="[432,686,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides atricraspeda</emphasis>
(Hampson)
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FCD7F9F0B5FDF974" box="[866,1013,1652,1675]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FBB1F9F0B28BF974" box="[1028,1155,1652,1675]" name="Ghana" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FB20F9F0B379F974" box="[1173,1393,1652,1675]" name="Ghana" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Republic of Ghana</collectingCountry>
]; 6,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FF22F913B7D0F952" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[151,472,1686,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FF22F913B77BF951" box="[151,371,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides dimidiata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FDB2F912B46FF952" box="[519,615,1686,1709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, W. Kiwu [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FD5BF912B28CF952" box="[750,1156,1686,1709]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
]; 7,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FB0EF913B6F8F92F" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FB0EF913B394F951" box="[1211,1436,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides calimerae</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FEA6F93DB77BF92F" box="[275,371,1721,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FEC8F93DB7DDF92F" box="[381,469,1721,1744]" name="Senegal" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Senegal</collectingCountry>
; 8,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDAFFB0FE4FF93DB516F92F" authority="Durante" authorityName="Durante" box="[506,798,1721,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FE4FF93DB4B6F92F" box="[506,702,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asuroides fasciata</emphasis>
Durante
</taxonomicName>
, Ψ
<typeStatus id="9F1A8857FFDAFFB0FCF4F93DB5A9F92F" box="[833,929,1721,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FC1EF93DB5FAF92F" box="[939,1010,1721,1744]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Congo</collectingCountry>
Française [
<collectingCountry id="38B67665FFDAFFB0FBD9F93DB36FF92F" box="[1132,1383,1721,1744]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDAFFB0FF70F887B42CF8B9" blockId="4.[151,1436,1795,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FF70F887B743F8E2" bold="true" box="[197,331,1795,1821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Hindwing:</emphasis>
ground colour above and below as in forewing; brown-grey on fringes limited to the apex, the remainder being ochreous yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDAFFB1FF70F8D7B5A1FEFD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1795,2022]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,778]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDAFFB0FF70F8D7B718F892" bold="true" box="[197,272,1875,1901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Body:</emphasis>
head, thorax and abdomen same colour as ground color of wings, thorax sterna slightly lighter; head with dark dot on vertex; antennae yellow, serrate; labial palpi yellow, porrect, not extending beyond the frons; tegulae with two dark dots; thorax with one dot on mesoscutellum (some dark scales also present on mesoscutum); legs ochreous yellow, distal part of femur and distal and proximal parts of tibia brown grey; few scales of the distal segment of tarsus and the pretarsus are dark; tibial spurs 0-2-2; cephalic margin of eighth abdominal sternum thickened, large, U-shaped; coremata joined to it, modest sized, no larger than one third of the seventh sternum and half as deep as it; some androconia inside.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF70FE8BB35EFDBD" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF70FE8BB74AFED6" bold="true" box="[197,322,271,297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Genitalia:</emphasis>
ɗ: uncus fairly long, thin, curved caudally at its distal fourth; ending with small sclerotized point; tegumen and vinculum robust, particularly the latter that forms a shallow saccus; paratergal sclerites (sensu
<bibRefCitation id="24304B04FFDBFFB1FF5CFEE4B7B0FE85" author="Tikhomirov" box="[233,440,352,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" refString="Tikhomirov, A. M. (1979) The phylogenetic relationship and classification of European Arctiidae (Lepidoptera) as indicated by the functional morphology of the male genitalia. Entomological Review, 58, 63 - 69." type="journal article" year="1979">Tikhomirov 1979</bibRefCitation>
) fairly slender; manica penis strengthened ventrally by subtriangular juxta and laterally by two long, thin valvellae; ala valvae (sacculus) swollen, turgid, with its distal two fifth slender; supravalva with medium-costal swelling (processus distalis plicae) covered by about twenty bristles; distal valvar edge with characteristic undulation of which the ventral protrusion is the most distinct; aedeagus tubular, lightly bent in lateral aspect, lightly sclerotized dorsally on its distal portion; vesica bilobate, shorter lobe covered by a dozen spines, longer lobe by about fifty spines as strong as the first group and of varying size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB657EFFDBFFB1FF70FDCBB42BFCF5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDBFFB1FF70FDCBB42BFCF5" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FF70FDCBB749FD96" bold="true" box="[197,321,591,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Remarks:</emphasis>
the similar ground color of both fore- and hindwings differentiates
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FBEDFDD4B2E5FD96" box="[1112,1261,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FBEDFDD4B2E5FD96" box="[1112,1261,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the other species in the group, except for
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FDA1FDFCB48AFD6E" box="[532,642,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FDA1FDFCB48AFD6E" box="[532,642,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the ground color is lighter in
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FBDCFDFCB2DFFD6E" box="[1129,1239,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FBDCFDFCB2DFFD6E" box="[1129,1239,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FA8EFDFCB6D6FD46" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FA8EFDFCB6D2FD46" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">A. sagenaria</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The more or less regularly undulated valval distal margin, and biolobate vesica with cluster of thorns are both diagnostic. The female is unknown. Based on the male genitalia and wing pattern,
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDBFFB1FAB7FD4CB393FD1E" box="[1282,1435,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FAB7FD4CB393FD1E" box="[1282,1435,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. sagenaria</emphasis>
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should be transferred from
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<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDBFFB1FE63FD74B414FCF6" box="[470,540,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Asura</emphasis>
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.
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View file

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<mods:title id="194008217EC822970EDFBA8F584C773E">Asuroides, a new genus of lithosiine moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae)</mods:title>
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Key to the species of
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<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDFFFB5FE29F906B41DF963" bold="true" box="[412,533,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Asuroides</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDFFFB5FF22F949B39CF918" box="[151,1428,1741,1767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">1. Hindwings with distinctive dark markings ..................................................................................................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDFFFB5FF22F971B39DF8F0" blockId="1.[151,1429,1741,2007]" box="[151,1429,1781,1807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDFFFB5FF22F971B39DF8F0" box="[151,1429,1781,1807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">- Hindwings lacking marks, or at most faintly marked..................................................................................4</keyLead>
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<keyStep id="FB552E50FFDFFFB5FF22F899B39DF8A0" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDFFFB5FF22F899B39CF8C9" box="[151,1428,1821,1847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
2. Hindwings with large dark marginal fascia ....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDFFFB5FA82F899B39CF8C9" box="[1335,1428,1821,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDFFFB5FA82F899B39CF8C9" box="[1335,1428,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">fasciata</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDFFFB5FF22F8C1B39DF8A0" blockId="1.[151,1429,1741,2007]" box="[151,1429,1861,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDFFFB5FF22F8C1B39DF8A0" box="[151,1429,1861,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">- Hindwings lacking dark fascia, and with less conspicuous patterns ...........................................................3</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDFFFB5FF22F8E9B39DF879" box="[151,1429,1901,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
3. Hindwings with rounded dark patch at anal angle, no dark marginal streaks .......................
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<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDFFFB5FB5AF8E9B39DF879" box="[1263,1429,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">retromaculata</emphasis>
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- Hindwings lacking rounded dark patch, and with dark marginal streaks............................................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDFFFB5FAE1F811B39BF851" box="[1364,1427,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDFFFB5FAE1F811B39BF851" box="[1364,1427,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">rosea</emphasis>
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4. Forewing ground color brick red ........................................................................................................
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<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDCFFB6FF22FF1CB39CFF4D" box="[151,1428,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">- Forewing ground color yellow.....................................................................................................................5</keyLead>
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<keyStep id="FB552E50FFDCFFB6FF22FF44B39DFEFD" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF22FF44B39CFF25" blockId="2.[151,1429,152,498]" box="[151,1428,192,218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDCFFB6FF22FF44B39CFF25" box="[151,1428,192,218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">5. Forewing and and hindwing ground color similar.......................................................................................6</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="401E36F5FFDCFFB6FF22FF6CB39DFEFD" blockId="2.[151,1429,152,498]" box="[151,1429,232,258]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDCFFB6FF22FF6CB39DFEFD" box="[151,1429,232,258]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">- Hindwing ground color lighter than forewing ground color........................................................................7</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDCFFB6FF22FE94B39DFED6" box="[151,1429,272,298]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
6. Wing ground color ochreous yellow; eight submarginal streaks, transversely joined
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FB21FE94B39DFED6" box="[1172,1429,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
...................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FA94FE94B39DFED6" box="[1313,1429,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagenaria">sagenaria</taxonomicName>
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- Wing ground colour light straw yellow; nine submarginal streaks, well separated ..........................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FAFDFEBCB39DFEAE" box="[1352,1429,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FAFDFEBCB39DFEAE" box="[1352,1429,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">similis</emphasis>
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7. Forewing fringes yellow ...............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FAAAFEE4B39CFE86" box="[1311,1428,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calimerae">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FAAAFEE4B39CFE86" box="[1311,1428,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">calimerae</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="FB5095C0FFDCFFB6FF22FE0CB39DFE5D" box="[151,1429,392,418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">- Forewing fringes dark..................................................................................................................................8</keyLead>
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8. Forewing basal and median bands thickened, broadly in contact
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FC05FE34B39CFE36" box="[944,1428,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
.............................................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FB4AFE34B39CFE36" box="[1279,1428,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricraspeda">atricraspeda</taxonomicName>
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- Forewing median band thickened, slightly contacting basal band ...............................................
<taxonomicName id="87A14D76FFDCFFB6FA91FE5CB39DFE0E" box="[1316,1429,472,497]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Asuroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis id="72D5EAE7FFDCFFB6FA91FE5CB39DFE0E" box="[1316,1429,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">dimidiata</emphasis>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="(Schedl, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa cylindrotomica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrotomica">Amasa cylindrotomica (Schedl, 1939)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Amasa cylindrotomica, 2.1 - 2.4 mm (A, B, I), A. eugeniae paratype, 2.8 - 3.2 mm (C, D, J), A. galeoderma holotype, 3.0 mm (E, F, K), and A. gibbosa holotype, 3.5 - 3.6 mm (G, H, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.983.52630.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/470808" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 8A, B, I</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pseudoxyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoxyleborus cylindrotomicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrotomicus">Pseudoxyleborus cylindrotomicus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1939b: 40.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus cylindrotomicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrotomicus">Xyleborus cylindrotomicus</taxonomicName>
(Schedl):
<bibRefCitation author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 49" refId="B371" refString="Schedl, KE, 1942c. Neue Scolytidae aus Java. 76. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 85: 1 - 49" title="Neue Scolytidae aus Java. 76. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea." volume="85" year="1942 c">Schedl 1942c</bibRefCitation>
: 6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood &amp; Bright" authorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus cylindrotomicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrotomicus">Xylosandrus cylindrotomicus</taxonomicName>
(Schedl):
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 185" refId="B487" refString="Wood, SL, 1989. Nomenclatural changes and new species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), part IV. The Great Basin Naturalist 49: 167 - 185, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" title="Nomenclatural changes and new species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), part IV." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" volume="49" year="1989">Wood 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 177.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa cylindrotomica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrotomica">Amasa cylindrotomica</taxonomicName>
(Schedl):
<bibRefCitation author="Dole, SA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 545" refId="B109" refString="Dole, SA, Cognato, AI, 2010. Revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Proceedings of the California of Science 61: 451 - 545" title="Revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." volume="61" year="2010">Dole and Cognato 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 525.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus semitruncatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semitruncatus">Xyleborus semitruncatus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1942c: 35. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935008654721" author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 98" refId="B376" refString="Schedl, KE, 1951a. Fauna Indomalayaensis, I. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 93: 41 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935008654721" title="Fauna Indomalayaensis, I." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935008654721" volume="93" year="1951 a">Schedl 1951a</bibRefCitation>
: 79;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 185" refId="B487" refString="Wood, SL, 1989. Nomenclatural changes and new species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), part IV. The Great Basin Naturalist 49: 167 - 185, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" title="Nomenclatural changes and new species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), part IV." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22642" volume="49" year="1989">Wood 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 177.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus truncatellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatellus">Xyleborus truncatellus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1951a: 79. Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation author="Kalshoven, LGE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 97" refId="B219" refString="Kalshoven, LGE, 1959a. New cases of synonymy in Indomalayan scolytids. Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 19: 93 - 97" title="New cases of synonymy in Indomalayan scolytids." volume="19" year="1959 a">Kalshoven 1959a</bibRefCitation>
: 95.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus jucundus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Xyleborus jucundus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1954a: 138 (new name for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus truncatellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatellus">Xyleborus truncatellus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1951 nec
<bibRefCitation author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Biologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="261 - 284" refId="B373" refString="Schedl, KE, 1949. Neotropical Scolytoidea. I. 97th Contribution to the morphology and taxonomy of the Scolytoidea (Col). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 9: 261 - 284" title="Neotropical Scolytoidea. I. 97 th Contribution to the morphology and taxonomy of the Scolytoidea (Col)." volume="9" year="1949">Schedl 1949</bibRefCitation>
). Synonymy:
<bibRefCitation author="Kalshoven, LGE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 97" refId="B219" refString="Kalshoven, LGE, 1959a. New cases of synonymy in Indomalayan scolytids. Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 19: 93 - 97" title="New cases of synonymy in Indomalayan scolytids." volume="19" year="1959 a">Kalshoven 1959a</bibRefCitation>
: 95.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lectotype</emphasis>
(NHMW). Not examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
2.1-2.4 mm long (mean = 2.25 mm; n = 2); 2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" author="Sittichaya, W" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 127" refId="B435" refString="Sittichaya, W, Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, 2019. Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand. ZooKeys 862: 109 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" title="Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" volume="862" year="2019">Sittichaya et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). This species is distinguished by its minute size, stout form with the pronotum approximately as long as the elytra; declivital surface shagreened, dull, glabrous; and antennal club type 5.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa opalescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opalescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amasa opalescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Thailand.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Recorded from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Syzygium aromaticum" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aromaticum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syzygium aromaticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName family="Myrtaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" author="Sittichaya, W" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 127" refId="B435" refString="Sittichaya, W, Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, 2019. Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand. ZooKeys 862: 109 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" title="Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" volume="862" year="2019">Sittichaya et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.983.52630.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/470808" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa cylindrotomica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrotomica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amasa cylindrotomica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 2.1-2.4 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B, I</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. eugeniae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. eugeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
paratype, 2.8-3.2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D, J</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. galeoderma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="galeoderma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. galeoderma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype, 3.0 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F, K</emphasis>
), and
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. gibbosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gibbosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. gibbosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype, 3.5-3.6 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H, L</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
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<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF7341FCFE4661D9" bold="true" box="[151,414,1667,1694]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Corallocoris aldabrae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFE4241FBFD8961D9" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[422,593,1668,1694]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="3 - 30" refId="ref9650" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1987) New African Leptopodomorpha (Heteroptera: Saldidae, Omaniidae, Leptopodidae), with an annotated checklist of Saldidae from Africa. II. New taxa of Saldidae (except the genus Saldula), Omaniidae, Leptopodidae, and a checklist of African shorebug. Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 101, 3 - 30." type="journal article" year="1987">Cobben, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC2CB4DFF7341B7FC1861B8" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="60B1055BFFC2CB4DFF7341B7FC1861B8" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC2CB4DFF7341B7FDE461A7" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[151,572,1736,1760]" page="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFF7341B7FDE461A7" ID-CoL="5ZZNC" authority="Cobben, 1987: 24" authorityName="Cobben" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,572,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Corallocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aldabrae">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF7341B7FEA361A7" box="[151,379,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Corallocoris aldabrae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFE6741B7FDE461A7" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[387,572,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="3 - 30" refId="ref9650" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1987) New African Leptopodomorpha (Heteroptera: Saldidae, Omaniidae, Leptopodidae), with an annotated checklist of Saldidae from Africa. II. New taxa of Saldidae (except the genus Saldula), Omaniidae, Leptopodidae, and a checklist of African shorebug. Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 101, 3 - 30." type="journal article" year="1987">Cobben, 1987: 24</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
<typeStatus id="9F1A9CD7FFC2CB4DFDA341B7FD7161A7" box="[583,681,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="56A7E9FCFFC2CB4DFD5741B6FD1E61A7" box="[691,710,1737,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" type="female"></specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFD3041B7FC9B61A7" box="[724,835,1736,1760]" name="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Aldabra Atoll, Middle Island [= Passe Houareau, Malabar Island]; BMNH.
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC2CB4DFE904198FDE461B8" author="Polhemus, D. A." box="[372,572,1767,1791]" page="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFE904198FDFD61B8" author="Polhemus, D. A." box="[372,549,1767,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref10326" refString="Polhemus, D. A. (1990) Heteroptera of Aldabra Atoll and nearby islands, western Indian Ocean, Part 1. Marine Hetertoptera (Insecta): Gerridae, Veliidae, Hermatobatidae, Saldidae and Omaniidae, with notes on ecology and insular zoogeography. Atoll Research Bulletin, 345, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00775630.345.1" type="journal article" year="1990">Polhemus (1990)</bibRefCitation>
: 7
</treatmentCitation>
(habitat), 9 (in key), 14 (distribution).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC2CB4DFF234052FD0160F4" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC2CB4DFF234052FD0160F4" blockId="9.[151,1436,1837,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF234052FE9C6000" bold="true" box="[199,324,1837,1863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Body length of female (1.50). This species is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFBE04051FB5B6000" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1958" box="[1028,1155,1837,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Omania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marksae">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFBE04051FBCF600F" box="[1028,1047,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFBC04052FB5B6000" box="[1060,1155,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">marksae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characteristics: two elevated spots on the frons are distinctly larger than the ocelli and are somewhat elongate and contact the eyes; the femora predistally are weakly fuscous; the base of hypocostal lamina is clearly notched ventrally (
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFDCD40E6FD1460F4" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[553,716,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="3 - 30" refId="ref9650" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1987) New African Leptopodomorpha (Heteroptera: Saldidae, Omaniidae, Leptopodidae), with an annotated checklist of Saldidae from Africa. II. New taxa of Saldidae (except the genus Saldula), Omaniidae, Leptopodidae, and a checklist of African shorebug. Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 101, 3 - 30." type="journal article" year="1987">Cobben, 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC2CB4DFF2340C2FCB26090" box="[199,874,1981,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC2CB4DFF2340C2FCB26090" blockId="9.[151,1436,1837,2007]" box="[199,874,1981,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF2340C2FEBB6090" bold="true" box="[199,355,1981,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFE8E40C2FE3A6090" box="[362,482,1981,2007]" name="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
(Aldabra Atoll) (
<figureCitation id="D89A3EF0FFC2CB4DFD4040C2FD256090" box="[676,765,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1435,181,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution maps of species of Omaniidae: A, Distribution of all known species of Omaniidae. B, Detailed distribution records of Corallocoris xishaensis sp. nov. (solid red dots)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223773/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="0D2317CEFFC2CB4DFCEC40C2FC856090" box="[776,861,1981,2007]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,248,151,177]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 3. Known distribution records of Omaniidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/14DE72FDFFC1CB4EFF7347E8FCEA67F6" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" tableUuid="14DE72FDFFC1CB4EFF7347E8FCEA67F6">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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View file

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<heading id="1B569519FFC2CB4DFF7342E7FDEF62F5" bold="true" box="[151,567,1431,1458]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" reason="1">
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Genus
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<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF0A42E8FE5C62F5" bold="true" box="[238,388,1431,1458]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Corallocoris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFE6842E7FDEF62F5" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[396,567,1432,1458]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="61 - 90" refId="ref9614" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1970) Morphology and taxonomy of intertidal dwarf bugs (Heteroptera: Omaniidae Fam. Nov.). TiJdschrift voor Entomologie, 113, 61 - 90." type="journal article" year="1970">Cobben, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="401E2275FFC2CB4DFF7342A3FE0F62B3" blockId="9.[151,1437,1500,1586]" box="[151,471,1500,1524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">
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<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFF7342A3FE0B62B3" ID-CoL="3TX3" authority="Cobben, 1970: 62" authorityName="Cobben" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,467,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Corallocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF7342A3FEC162B3" box="[151,281,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Corallocoris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFEFA42A3FE0B62B3" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[286,467,1500,1524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="61 - 90" refId="ref9614" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1970) Morphology and taxonomy of intertidal dwarf bugs (Heteroptera: Omaniidae Fam. Nov.). TiJdschrift voor Entomologie, 113, 61 - 90." type="journal article" year="1970">Cobben, 1970: 62</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="9F1A9CD7FFC2CB4DFE3F42A2FDD562B2" box="[475,525,1501,1525]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFD8C42A2FC1E62B3" authority="Woodward, 1958" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1958" box="[616,966,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Omania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marksae">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFD8C42A2FCCD62B3" box="[616,789,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Omania marksae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFCFD42A3FC1E62B3" author="Woodward, T. W." box="[793,966,1500,1524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="101 - 110" refId="ref10892" refString="Woodward, T. W. (1958) Studies on Queensland Hemiptera. Part III. A remarkable new intertidal saldid. University of Queensland Papers, 1, 101 - 110." type="journal article" year="1958">Woodward, 1958</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFB5942A3FAB662B3" author="Polhemus, J. T." box="[1213,1390,1500,1524]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="225 - 262" refId="ref10396" refString="Polhemus, J. T. (1976) Shore bugs (Hemiptera: Saldidae, etc.). In: Cheng, L. (Ed.), Marine insects. North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam &amp; Oxford &amp; American Elsevier Publishing Company, New York, New York, pp. 225 - 262." type="book chapter" year="1976">Polhemus (1976)</bibRefCitation>
: 240
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(distribution, note);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC2CB4DFE704284FD136154" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." box="[404,715,1531,1555]" page="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFE704284FD706154" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." box="[404,680,1531,1555]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref10635" refString="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Polhemus, J. T. (1980) Analysis of taxonomic congruence among morphological, ecological, and biogeographic data sets for the Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera). Systematic Zoology, 29, 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2412623" type="journal article" year="1980">Schuh &amp; Polhemus (1980)</bibRefCitation>
: 19
</treatmentCitation>
(distribution, habitat, phylogenetic relationships);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC2CB4DFB354284FF356175" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Galil, B. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." page="260" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFB354284FA416154" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Galil, B. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." box="[1233,1433,1531,1555]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="243 - 406" refId="ref10590" refString="Schuh, R. T., Galil, B. &amp; Polhemus, J. T. (1987) Catalog and bibliography of Leptopodomorpha (Heteroptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 185, 243 - 406." type="journal article" year="1987">
Schuh
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFAF34283FA936154" box="[1303,1355,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
(1987)
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: 260
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(catalogue, distribution);
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<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFE104165FD7A6175" author="Lindskog, P." box="[500,674,1562,1586]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" refId="ref10125" refString="Lindskog, P. (1995) Infraorder Leptopodomorpha. In: Auckema, B. &amp; Rieger, C. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palearctic Heteroptera. Vol. 1. General introduction: Enicocephalomorpha &amp; Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha &amp; Leptopodomorpha. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 115 - 141." type="book" year="1995">Lindskog (1995)</bibRefCitation>
: 140
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, distribution).
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<mods:title id="21097F02B87107CDF4654A99B9182F2C">First record of the intertidal dwarf bug family Omaniidae from China, with description of a new species (Heteroptera: Leptopodomorpha)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFF73415CFE5F6179" bold="true" box="[151,391,1571,1598]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Omania coleoptrata</emphasis>
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(
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; HNHM.
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:123
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: 5
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(catalogue, distribution); Filippi (1957): 41 (distribution);
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: 494
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: 125
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(catalogue, distribution);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC3CB4CFCA341B6FBD661A6" author="Schuster, R." box="[839,1038,1737,1761]" page="125" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC3CB4CFCA341B6FC3961A6" author="Schuster, R." box="[839,993,1737,1761]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" pagination="327 - 343" refId="ref10774" refString="Schuster, R. (1965) Faunistische Studien am Roten Meer (im Winter 1961 / 62). Teil 1: Litoralbewohnende Arthropoden terrestrischer Herkunft. Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Systematik), 92, 327 - 343." type="journal article" year="1965">Schuster (1965)</bibRefCitation>
: 125
</treatmentCitation>
(distribution);
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<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC3CB4CFB7841B6FAF761A6" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[1180,1327,1737,1761]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" pagination="61 - 90" refId="ref9614" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1970) Morphology and taxonomy of intertidal dwarf bugs (Heteroptera: Omaniidae Fam. Nov.). TiJdschrift voor Entomologie, 113, 61 - 90." type="journal article" year="1970">Cobben (1970)</bibRefCitation>
: 63
</treatmentCitation>
, 67, 70, 72, 76, 79, 85 (figures), 64 (diagnosis, distribution, morphology), 69 (in key), 71 (habitat);
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: 25
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(distribution);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC3CB4CFABB4197FE446059" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." page="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" year="1980">
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Schuh
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFDA64078FDA96059" box="[578,625,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
(1987)
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: 261
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, distribution);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC3CB4CFC384079FB746058" author="Lindskog, P." box="[988,1196,1798,1823]" page="141" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC3CB4CFC384079FBA76059" author="Lindskog, P." box="[988,1151,1798,1822]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" refId="ref10125" refString="Lindskog, P. (1995) Infraorder Leptopodomorpha. In: Auckema, B. &amp; Rieger, C. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palearctic Heteroptera. Vol. 1. General introduction: Enicocephalomorpha &amp; Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha &amp; Leptopodomorpha. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 115 - 141." type="book" year="1995">Lindskog (1995)</bibRefCitation>
: 141
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, distribution).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC3CB4CFF73405AFEEE601B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1676,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60B1055BFFC3CB4CFF73405AFEEE601B" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC3CB4CFF73405AFDE8607A" authority="China, 1938: 257" authorityName="China" authorityPageNumber="257" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,560,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" genus="Dollfusella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutissima">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFF73405AFEA5607A" box="[151,381,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Dollfusella minutissima</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC3CB4CFE60405AFDE8607A" author="China, W. E." box="[388,560,1829,1853]" page="257" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC3CB4CFE60405AFDE8607A" author="China, W. E." box="[388,560,1829,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" pagination="255 - 257" refId="ref9539" refString="China, W. E. (1938) A new genus and species of Acanthiidae (Saldidae) from Sinai Peninsula. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte, 37, 255 - 257." type="journal article" year="1938">
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC3CB4CFE60405AFE18607A" box="[388,448,1829,1853]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">China</collectingCountry>
, 1938: 257
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="9F1A9CD7FFC3CB4CFDDE405AFD4F607A" box="[570,663,1829,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="56A7E9FCFFC3CB4CFD464059FD6E607A" box="[674,694,1830,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="male"></specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC3CB4CFD26405AFC9A607A" box="[706,834,1829,1853]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
, Sanafir Island; MNHN (synonymized by
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC3CB4CFB00405AFEF2601B" author="Poisson, R. A. &amp; Poisson, A." page="123" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC3CB4CFB00405AFEF2601B" author="Poisson, R. A. &amp; Poisson, A." pageId="8" pageNumber="457" refId="ref10240" refString="Poisson, R. A. &amp; Poisson, A. (1943) Sur la synonymie de Dollfusella minutissima China 1938 et Omania coleoptrata Horvath 1915 (Hem. Acanthiidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 48, 123. [https: // www. persee. fr / doc / bsef _ 0037 - 928 x _ 1943 _ num _ 48 _ 8 _ 15691] https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1943.15691" type="url" year="1943">Poisson &amp; Poisson 1943: 123</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC3CB4CFF7340FBFB876084" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC3CB4CFF7340FBFB876084" blockId="8.[151,1437,1924,2023]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFF7340FBFE5E60D9" bold="true" box="[151,390,1924,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F0C92828FFC3CB4CFE7540FBFB846084" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3938576306" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="M. Alam &amp; Linnavuori" country="Egypt" location="Rotes Meer" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Al Bahr al Ahmar">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFE7540FBFE2160D9" bold="true" box="[401,505,1924,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC3CB4CFE7540FBFE2C60D9" box="[401,500,1924,1950]" name="Egypt" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">EGYPT</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<quantity id="87598F90FFC3CB4CFDE740FBFD9660D8" box="[515,590,1924,1951]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
N. of
<collectorName id="ED5447A3FFC3CB4CFD4440FAFCD260D8" box="[672,778,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">M. Alam</collectorName>
, leg.
<collectorName id="ED5447A3FFC3CB4CFCA840FAFC1360D8" box="[844,971,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Linnavuori</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="56A7E9FCFFC3CB4CFC3E40FAFBCF60D8" box="[986,1047,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="8265EC97FFC3CB4CFBC240FAFB7660D8" box="[1062,1198,1925,1951]" country="Egypt" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Rotes Meer</collectingRegion>
, Gubal strait, winter 1961/1962,
<specimenCount id="56A7E9FCFFC3CB4CFEF940D6FE906084" box="[285,328,1961,1987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC3CB4CFE8640D6FD9C6084" authorityName="Horvath" authorityYear="1915" box="[354,580,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Omania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coleoptrata">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFE8640D6FD9C6084" box="[354,580,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Omania coleoptrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="56A7E9FCFFC3CB4CFDBC40D6FD576084" box="[600,655,1961,1987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
[no further information]; (all in
<collectionCode id="26B0BAB0FFC3CB4CFC1E40D6FB8B6084" box="[1018,1107,1961,1987]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC3CB4DFF2340B3FD1E66CE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="8" pageNumber="457" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC3CB4DFF2340B3FC32665A" blockId="8.[151,1437,1924,2023]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC3CB4CFF2340B3FE9C60A1" bold="true" box="[199,324,1996,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="457">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Body length of male (1.281.38), female (1.441.48). This taxon can be distinguished from the species of
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFEE847E8FE4367F6" authorityName="Cobben" authorityYear="1970" box="[268,411,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Corallocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFEE847E8FE4367F6" box="[268,411,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Corallocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following characteristics: the body surface is uniformly black (
<figureCitation id="D89A3EF0FFC2CB4DFB4147E8FAC767F6" box="[1189,1311,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[162,1435,192,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8.AB, Habitus of Omania coleoptrata, paratypes, female:A, dorsal view; B, lateral view CD, habitus of Corallocoris nauruensis, paratypes, male: C, dorsal view; D, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223769/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Fig. 8AB</figureCitation>
); a collumlike area of the head is demarcated from the vertex by a line that makes a sharp triangular incision anteromedially; the forewing lacks claval and R+M sutures (
<figureCitation id="D89A3EF0FFC2CB4DFD6747A0FD2667BE" box="[643,766,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[162,1435,192,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8.AB, Habitus of Omania coleoptrata, paratypes, female:A, dorsal view; B, lateral view CD, habitus of Corallocoris nauruensis, paratypes, male: C, dorsal view; D, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223769/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Fig. 8AB</figureCitation>
); the grasping structure of the male is simple; the ponticulus basalis of the phallus has a dorsal bridge-like projection (see
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFCA0467CFC06665A" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[836,990,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="61 - 90" refId="ref9614" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1970) Morphology and taxonomy of intertidal dwarf bugs (Heteroptera: Omaniidae Fam. Nov.). TiJdschrift voor Entomologie, 113, 61 - 90." type="journal article" year="1970">Cobben 1970</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC2CB4DFF234659FD1E66CE" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF234659FEF26607" bold="true" box="[199,298,294,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFED44658FDCA6606" authorityName="Horvath" authorityYear="1915" box="[304,530,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Omania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coleoptrata">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFED44658FDCA6606" box="[304,530,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Omania coleoptrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in rock crevices below the high tide level of the intertidal zone (
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFABC4658FF0B6622" author="China, W. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="255 - 257" refId="ref9539" refString="China, W. E. (1938) A new genus and species of Acanthiidae (Saldidae) from Sinai Peninsula. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte, 37, 255 - 257." type="journal article" year="1938">
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFABC4658FA456606" box="[1368,1437,295,321]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">China</collectingCountry>
1938
</bibRefCitation>
), and in one instance was found living with a species of
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFCD64634FBF96622" authority="(Coleoptera)" baseAuthorityName="Coleoptera" box="[818,1057,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Ptiliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ptiliidae (Coleoptera)</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFBB04634FAC06622" box="[1108,1304,331,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Halophilosciidae" genus="Halophiloscia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFBB04634FB2B6622" box="[1108,1267,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Halophiloscia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(Crustacea:
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC2CB4DFF734610FF2966CE" box="[151,241,367,393]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Isopoda</taxonomicName>
) in the same rock pieces (
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC2CB4DFDF04610FD6166CE" author="Schuster, R." box="[532,697,366,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" pagination="327 - 343" refId="ref10774" refString="Schuster, R. (1965) Faunistische Studien am Roten Meer (im Winter 1961 / 62). Teil 1: Litoralbewohnende Arthropoden terrestrischer Herkunft. Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Systematik), 92, 327 - 343." type="journal article" year="1965">Schuster 1965</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC2CB4DFF2346EDFD6D6696" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC2CB4DFF2346EDFD6D6696" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC2CB4DFF2346EDFEBB66EB" bold="true" box="[199,355,402,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFE8F46ECFE7666EA" box="[363,430,403,429]" name="Egypt" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(African
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFDFB46ECFDBD66EA" box="[543,613,403,429]" name="Egypt" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="8265EC97FFC2CB4DFD9546ECFCFD66EA" box="[625,805,403,429]" country="Egypt" name="Shamal Sina'" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Sinai Peninsula</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFCDE46ECFCA666EA" box="[826,894,403,429]" name="Oman" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Oman</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFC6B46ECFC3066EA" box="[911,1000,403,429]" name="Oman" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Muscat</collectingCountry>
);
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFC1946ECFB8466EA" box="[1021,1116,403,429]" name="Pakistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(the coast of
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFB1F46ECFA8766EA" box="[1275,1375,403,429]" name="Pakistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
); and
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC2CB4DFF7346C8FEF06696" box="[151,296,439,465]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
(Sanafir Island) (
<figureCitation id="D89A3EF0FFC2CB4DFE0A46C8FD9F6696" box="[494,583,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1435,181,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution maps of species of Omaniidae: A, Distribution of all known species of Omaniidae. B, Detailed distribution records of Corallocoris xishaensis sp. nov. (solid red dots)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223773/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="458">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="0D2317CEFFC2CB4DFDB646C8FD7F6696" box="[594,679,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,248,151,177]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 3. Known distribution records of Omaniidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/14DE72FDFFC1CB4EFF7347E8FCEA67F6" pageId="9" pageNumber="458" tableUuid="14DE72FDFFC1CB4EFF7347E8FCEA67F6">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
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<mods:title id="FA6F1578874A7AF9F4B57301D8A60BFD">First record of the intertidal dwarf bug family Omaniidae from China, with description of a new species (Heteroptera: Leptopodomorpha)</mods:title>
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<mods:identifier id="0C3604360F0766AE23916665E408257B" type="Zenodo-Dep">7223747</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C8089363FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FC9F6543" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223779" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203118071" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7223779" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C8089363FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FC9F6543" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8089363FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FC9F6543" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC4CB4BFF7347E8FD8A67F6" box="[151,594,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FD8A67F6" blockId="15.[151,594,151,213]" box="[151,594,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<heading id="1B569519FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FD8A67F6" bold="true" box="[151,594,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FD8A67F6" ID-CoL="5ZZP7" authority="(Miyamoto, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Miyamoto" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[151,594,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Corallocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satoi">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FD8A67F6" bold="true" box="[151,594,151,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFF7347E8FEB567F6" bold="true" box="[151,365,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Corallocoris satoi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFE9947E8FD9267F6" author="Miyamoto, S." box="[381,586,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" pagination="39 - 49" refId="ref10217" refString="Miyamoto, S. (1963) New halophilous saldids from the Tokara Islands. Sieboldia, 3, 39 - 49." type="journal article" year="1963">Miyamoto, 1963</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC4CB4BFF7347C4FF336792" box="[151,235,187,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="description">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC4CB4BFF7347C4FF336792" blockId="15.[151,594,151,213]" box="[151,235,187,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
(
<figureCitation id="D89A3EF0FFC4CB4BFF7B47C4FF3B6792" box="[159,227,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1435,181,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution maps of species of Omaniidae: A, Distribution of all known species of Omaniidae. B, Detailed distribution records of Corallocoris xishaensis sp. nov. (solid red dots)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223773/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC4CB4BFF734784FD0A6617" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC4CB4BFF734784FD0A6617" blockId="15.[151,1437,250,336]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="60B1055BFFC4CB4BFF734784FD0A6617" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC4CB4BFF734784FE206655" author="Miyamoto, S." box="[151,504,250,274]" page="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC4CB4BFF734784FE206655" authority="Miyamoto, 1963: 39" authorityName="Miyamoto" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,504,250,274]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Omania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satoi">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFF734784FEF86655" box="[151,288,251,274]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Omania satoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFEC24785FE206655" author="Miyamoto, S." box="[294,504,250,274]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" pagination="39 - 49" refId="ref10217" refString="Miyamoto, S. (1963) New halophilous saldids from the Tokara Islands. Sieboldia, 3, 39 - 49." type="journal article" year="1963">Miyamoto, 1963: 39</bibRefCitation>
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.
<typeStatus id="9F1A9CD7FFC4CB4BFDE54785FDBB6655" box="[513,611,250,274]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="56A7E9FCFFC4CB4BFD894784FD586655" box="[621,640,251,274]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="female"></specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC4CB4BFD684784FD106655" box="[652,712,251,274]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Takarajima; ELKU.
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC4CB4BFC444785FB866655" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[928,1118,250,274]" page="68" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFC444785FBE46655" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[928,1084,250,274]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" pagination="61 - 90" refId="ref9614" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1970) Morphology and taxonomy of intertidal dwarf bugs (Heteroptera: Omaniidae Fam. Nov.). TiJdschrift voor Entomologie, 113, 61 - 90." type="journal article" year="1970">Cobben (1970)</bibRefCitation>
: 68
</treatmentCitation>
(diagnosis), 69 (in key);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC4CB4BFAB94785FEAA6676" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Galil, B. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." page="261" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFAB94785FE9C6676" author="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Galil, B. &amp; Polhemus, J. T." pageId="15" pageNumber="464" pagination="243 - 406" refId="ref10590" refString="Schuh, R. T., Galil, B. &amp; Polhemus, J. T. (1987) Catalog and bibliography of Leptopodomorpha (Heteroptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 185, 243 - 406." type="journal article" year="1987">
Schuh
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFF234665FF216676" box="[199,249,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">et al.</emphasis>
(1987)
</bibRefCitation>
: 261
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, distribution);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC4CB4BFD904666FCF76676" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[628,815,281,305]" page="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFD904666FCD76676" author="Cobben, R. H." box="[628,783,281,305]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" pagination="3 - 30" refId="ref9650" refString="Cobben, R. H. (1987) New African Leptopodomorpha (Heteroptera: Saldidae, Omaniidae, Leptopodidae), with an annotated checklist of Saldidae from Africa. II. New taxa of Saldidae (except the genus Saldula), Omaniidae, Leptopodidae, and a checklist of African shorebug. Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 101, 3 - 30." type="journal article" year="1987">Cobben (1987)</bibRefCitation>
: 25
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(distribution);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC4CB4BFC214666FB476676" author="Lindskog, P." box="[965,1183,281,305]" page="140" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFC214666FBA96676" author="Lindskog, P." box="[965,1137,281,305]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" refId="ref10125" refString="Lindskog, P. (1995) Infraorder Leptopodomorpha. In: Auckema, B. &amp; Rieger, C. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palearctic Heteroptera. Vol. 1. General introduction: Enicocephalomorpha &amp; Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha &amp; Leptopodomorpha. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 115 - 141." type="book" year="1995">Lindskog (1995)</bibRefCitation>
: 140
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, distribution);
<treatmentCitation id="C1000464FFC4CB4BFF234647FE086608" author="Hayashi, M. &amp; Tomokuni, M. &amp; Yoshizawa, K. &amp; Ishikawa, T." box="[199,464,311,336]" page="376" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="24305F84FFC4CB4BFF234647FE786608" author="Hayashi, M. &amp; Tomokuni, M. &amp; Yoshizawa, K. &amp; Ishikawa, T." box="[199,416,311,336]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" refId="ref9885" refString="Hayashi, M., Tomokuni, M., Yoshizawa, K. &amp; Ishikawa, T. (Eds.) (2016) Catalogue of the Insects of Japan. Vol. 4. Paraneoptera. Touka-shobo, Fukuoka, 376 pp. [in Japanese]" type="book" year="2016">
Hayashi
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFEC54647FE8C6617" box="[289,340,312,336]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
: 376
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(catalogue, distribution).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC4CB4BFF734602FC2E66A7" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC4CB4BFF734602FC2E66A7" blockId="15.[151,1436,381,516]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFF734602FECC66D0" bold="true" box="[151,276,381,407]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Body length of female (1.45). It can be distinguished from other species of
<taxonomicName id="87A159F6FFC4CB4BFBB54601FB3866DF" authorityName="Cobben" authorityYear="1970" box="[1105,1248,382,408]" class="Insecta" family="Omaniidae" genus="Corallocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFBB54601FB3866DF" box="[1105,1248,382,408]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Corallocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following characteristics: cephalic trichobothria pair 2 is in front of pair 1; cephalic trichobothria pair 3 does not arise from light spots; the fourth antennal segment is twice as long as the third segment.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08BB71FEFFC4CB4BFF234696FC9F6543" box="[199,839,489,516]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="401E2275FFC4CB4BFF234696FC9F6543" blockId="15.[151,1436,381,516]" box="[199,839,489,516]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">
<emphasis id="72D5FE67FFC4CB4BFF234696FEBB6544" bold="true" box="[199,355,489,515]" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="38B662E5FFC4CB4BFE8E4695FE726543" box="[362,426,490,516]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Japan</collectingCountry>
(Ryukyu Islands) (
<figureCitation id="D89A3EF0FFC4CB4BFD644695FD026543" box="[640,730,490,516]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1435,181,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution maps of species of Omaniidae: A, Distribution of all known species of Omaniidae. B, Detailed distribution records of Corallocoris xishaensis sp. nov. (solid red dots)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223773/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="464">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="0D2317CEFFC4CB4BFD004695FCE16543" box="[740,825,490,516]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,248,151,177]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 3. Known distribution records of Omaniidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/14DE72FDFFC1CB4EFF7347E8FCEA67F6" pageId="15" pageNumber="464" tableUuid="14DE72FDFFC1CB4EFF7347E8FCEA67F6">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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