154 lines
22 KiB
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154 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="9C7B58BDB2602A86997581D755E6CCC2" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2016.190" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c438ae3-9ea0-4eda-b893-acf6d5756c90" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="831004" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BE92596B-62D9-46CD-8486-CF6B36C640B1 1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1500288028508" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Berhard A. Huber, Booppa Petchard, Charles Leh Moi Ung, Joseph K. H. Koh & Amir R. M. Ghazali" docDate="2016" docId="7F7187D54E69700FFD9CC3E4CF8EF9C2" docLanguage="en" docName="Huber, B. A., Petcharad, B., Ung, C. L. M., Koh, J. K., & Ghazali, A. R. (2016). The Southeast Asian Pholcus halabala species group (Done).imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 190 (190)" docSource="http://www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/313" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pholcus buatong Huber" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="8348FFAD4E4C702AFFFCC07ECC17FFF8" masterDocTitle="The Southeast Asian Pholcus halabala species group (Araneae, Pholcidae): new data from field observations and ultrastructure" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1733942487093" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="05E46DCBF7D46C83C3E5019E2807555A">The Southeast Asian Pholcus halabala species group (Araneae, Pholcidae): new data from field observations and ultrastructure</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D9A998F6C72655FE3F40B1DB6A532FBE">Berhard A. Huber</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="99726522022F52549384611B8FF5BC2E">Booppa Petchard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0D7B824F9F6ED2DC5F875D8770F11911">Charles Leh Moi Ung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="745DFF9D266C0E82876863C8AEF4268C">Joseph K. H. Koh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E034B22E89EF087BFA585205B92D0655">Amir R. M. Ghazali</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="70C9B509A73CD7F7256883E9C528EC86">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A08277CDBFA91BDA4B520A84C759014D">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="7F7187D54E69700FFD9CC3E4CF8EF9C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6076805" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132549833" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6076805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7F7187D54E69700FFD9CC3E4CF8EF9C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F7187D54E69700FFD9CC3E4CF8EF9C2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" scope_family="Pholcidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="BFC265484E69700FFD9CC3E4CFC4FC4D" box="[608,979,922,949]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F76736C34E69700FFD9CC3E4CFC4FC4D" blockId="37.[608,979,922,949]" box="[608,979,922,949]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="AC2F81AF4E69700FFD9CC3E4CFC4FC4D" box="[608,979,922,949]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFD9CC3E4CF3BFC4D" ID-CoL="9472M" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[608,812,922,949]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buatong" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFD9CC3E4CF3BFC4D" bold="true" box="[608,812,922,949]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus buatong</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BFC265484E69700FFF41C3A2CF8EF9C2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F76736C34E69700FFF41C3A2CF8EF9C2" blockId="37.[189,1399,988,1594]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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This species group is newly proposed to include one species previously part of the
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFB6EC3A3C93DFC0F" box="[1170,1322,989,1015]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halabala">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFB6EC3A3C93DFC0F" box="[1170,1322,989,1015]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ph. halabala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFF3BC47FCDCBFBE3" authority="Huber, 2011" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2011" box="[199,476,1025,1051]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satun">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFF3BC47FCD2DFBE3" box="[199,314,1025,1051]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ph. satun</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="93494B324E69700FFEB8C47FCDCBFBE3" author="Huber B. A." box="[324,476,1025,1051]" journalOrPublisher="Bonner zoologische Monographien" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 509" part="58" refId="ref22845" refString="Huber B. A. 2011. Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner zoologische Monographien 58: 1 - 509." title="Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae)" type="journal article" year="2011">Huber, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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), one species previously tentatively assigned to the
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFBABC47FC930FBE3" box="[1111,1319,1025,1051]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethagala">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFBABC47FC930FBE3" box="[1111,1319,1025,1051]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus ethagala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFF3BC45BCE55FBC7" authority="Huber, 2011" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2011" box="[199,578,1061,1087]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwendingeri">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFF3BC45BCDB4FBC7" box="[199,419,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ph. schwendingeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="93494B324E69700FFE50C45BCE55FBC7" author="Huber B. A." box="[428,578,1061,1087]" journalOrPublisher="Bonner zoologische Monographien" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 509" part="58" refId="ref22845" refString="Huber B. A. 2011. Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner zoologische Monographien 58: 1 - 509." title="Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae)" type="journal article" year="2011">Huber, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and a newly described species (
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFC2EC45BC8A0FBC7" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[978,1207,1061,1087]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buatong" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFC2EC45BC874FBC7" box="[978,1123,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ph. buatong</emphasis>
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Huber
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DE9F57AA4E69700FFB39C45BC932FBC7" box="[1221,1317,1061,1087]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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). They share three putative synapomorphies, (1) the complete reduction of distal anterior apophyses on the male chelicerae (
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFE7AC413CDF9FB70" box="[390,494,1133,1160]" captionStart="Figs 154 – 158" captionStartId="40.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,476,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[194,1393,476,1855]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 154 – 158. Pholcus buatong Huber, sp. nov., ZFMK Ar 15045. 154 – 155. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at whitish membranous structure). 156. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 157 – 158. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus. Scale lines: 0.3 mm (156), 0.5 mm (154 – 155, 157 – 158)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183721/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 156</figureCitation>
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); (2) the very distinctive dorsal bulging of the male palpal patella (
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFAF6C413C966FB70" box="[1290,1393,1133,1160]" captionStart="Figs 154 – 158" captionStartId="40.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,476,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[194,1393,476,1855]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 154 – 158. Pholcus buatong Huber, sp. nov., ZFMK Ar 15045. 154 – 155. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at whitish membranous structure). 156. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 157 – 158. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus. Scale lines: 0.3 mm (156), 0.5 mm (154 – 155, 157 – 158)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183721/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
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; angle between femur and patella ~120–125° rather than ~180° as in typical pholcids); and (3) the large, heavily sclerotized ‘knob’ on the epigynum (
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFD29C4CBCFACFB28" box="[725,955,1205,1232]" captionStart="Figs 184 – 192" captionStartId="45.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,647,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[189,1399,647,1889]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figs 184 – 192. Female genitalia, untreated in ventral view, cleared in ventral and dorsal views. 184 – 186. Pholcus buatong Huber, sp. nov. 187 – 189. Ph. satun Huber, 2011. 190 – 192. Ph. schwendingeri Huber, 2011." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183729/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 184, 187, 190</figureCitation>
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). The group is strongly supported by preliminary molecular data (A. Valdez-Mondragón, B.A. Huber & D. Dimitrov unpublished data).
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFF41C480CDD8FAE0" box="[189,463,1278,1304]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwendingeri">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFF41C480CDD8FAE0" box="[189,463,1278,1304]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus schwendingeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFDF7C480CE8CFAE0" box="[523,667,1278,1304]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buatong" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFDF7C480CE8CFAE0" box="[523,667,1278,1304]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ph. buatong</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DE9F57AA4E69700FFD58C480CF17FAE0" box="[676,768,1278,1304]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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also share a distinctive whitish membranous process retrolatero-distally on the procursus (arrows in
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFD03C55CCF7CFAC5" box="[767,875,1314,1341]" captionStart="Figs 154 – 158" captionStartId="40.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,476,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[194,1393,476,1855]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 154 – 158. Pholcus buatong Huber, sp. nov., ZFMK Ar 15045. 154 – 155. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at whitish membranous structure). 156. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 157 – 158. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus. Scale lines: 0.3 mm (156), 0.5 mm (154 – 155, 157 – 158)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183721/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 155</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFC87C55CCFBCFAC4" box="[891,939,1314,1340]" captionStart="Figs 173 – 183" captionStartId="44.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,288,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[189,1399,288,1748]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figs 173 – 183. Pholcus schwendingeri Huber, 2011, ZFMK Ar 15051 – 52. 173 – 174. Male prosoma, oblique and frontal views. 175. Female prosoma, frontal view. 176. Male eye triad. 177. Process between male eye stalks. 178 – 179. Right genital bulb and procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 180. Left palp, retrolateral view (arrow points at whitish membranous structure). 181. Male gonopore. 182. Epigynum, ventral view. 183. FemaleALS. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus; tr = trochanter. Scale lines: 10 µm (183); 20 µm (177); 50 µm (181); 80 µm (176); 200 µm (175, 178 – 180, 182); 400 µm (173 – 174)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183727/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">180</figureCitation>
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). Otherwise this group appears rather inhomogeneous:
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<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFE79C538CE82FA98" box="[389,661,1350,1376]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwendingeri">
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<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFE79C538CE82FA98" box="[389,661,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus schwendingeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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males have extremely long eye stalks (
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFBA6C538C8AAFA98" box="[1114,1213,1350,1376]" captionStart="Figs 173 – 183" captionStartId="44.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,288,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[189,1399,288,1748]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figs 173 – 183. Pholcus schwendingeri Huber, 2011, ZFMK Ar 15051 – 52. 173 – 174. Male prosoma, oblique and frontal views. 175. Female prosoma, frontal view. 176. Male eye triad. 177. Process between male eye stalks. 178 – 179. Right genital bulb and procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 180. Left palp, retrolateral view (arrow points at whitish membranous structure). 181. Male gonopore. 182. Epigynum, ventral view. 183. FemaleALS. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus; tr = trochanter. Scale lines: 10 µm (183); 20 µm (177); 50 µm (181); 80 µm (176); 200 µm (175, 178 – 180, 182); 400 µm (173 – 174)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183727/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 173</figureCitation>
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) while males of the other two species have short eye stalks (
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<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFD3DC514CF3FFA7D" box="[705,808,1386,1413]" captionStart="Figs 154 – 158" captionStartId="40.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,476,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[194,1393,476,1855]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 154 – 158. Pholcus buatong Huber, sp. nov., ZFMK Ar 15045. 154 – 155. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at whitish membranous structure). 156. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 157 – 158. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = genital bulb; e = embolus; p = procursus. Scale lines: 0.3 mm (156), 0.5 mm (154 – 155, 157 – 158)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183721/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFCC2C514C813FA7C" box="[830,1028,1386,1412]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buatong" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFCC2C514C813FA7C" box="[830,1028,1386,1412]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus buatong</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DE9F57AA4E69700FFBF0C515C870FA7D" box="[1036,1127,1387,1413]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is rock-dwelling while the other two species are leaf litter dwelling;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFD37C5F1CF67FA50" box="[715,880,1423,1449]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satun">
|
||
<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFD37C5F1CF67FA50" box="[715,880,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus satun</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has small AME, while the other two species lack AME;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30D84D404E69700FFEB6C5CDCDE5FA35" box="[330,498,1459,1485]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satun">
|
||
<emphasis id="C5ACEAD14E69700FFEB6C5CDCDE5FA35" box="[330,498,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pholcus satun</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males have only one bulbal process (sclerotized embolus), while males of the other two species have a membranous embolus plus an appendix. In all three species, egg-sacs are carried in front of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFDEAC585CEAAF9EE" box="[534,701,1531,1558]" captionStart="Figs 143 – 152" captionStartId="38.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[217,1370,536,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[217,1371,536,1819]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figs 143 – 152. Live specimens, Pholcus buatong Huber, sp. nov. (143 – 146), Ph. satun Huber, 2011 (147 – 149), and Ph. schwendingeri Huber, 2011 (150 – 152). 143 – 145. ♂♂ and ♀ from Tham Buatong, Thailand. 146. ♂ from Tham Khao Phueng, Thailand. 147 – 149. Adult ♂, penultimate instar ♂, and ♀ from Gunung Jerai, Malaysia. 150 – 151. ♂♂ from Khao Sok, Thailand. 152. ♀ with egg-sac, from Phanom Bencha, Thailand." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183717/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 145, 152</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in typical pholcids. This species group is known from southern Thailand and northern mainland Malaysia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6FE32A464E69700FFCD9C661CF9BF9C2" box="[805,908,1567,1594]" captionStart="Fig. 153" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1329,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[189,1399,1329,1925]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 153. Known distributions of the Pholcus buatong species group (Malay Peninsula) and of the Pholcus andulau species group (northern Borneo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1183719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183719/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 153</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |