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<mods:title id="CA97E31211D4EFF4E6AA41E53F5E5478">Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini)</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0C8436F8B6E7D5AFF18F90B34883022" bold="true" box="[151,699,1779,1806]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6E7D5AFF18F90B34723022" ID-CoL="9BH8S" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,577,1779,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFF18F90B37493021" bold="true" box="[151,378,1779,1806]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
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stat. rest.
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<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6E7D5AFF18F8EF3762301E" blockId="39.[151,699,1779,1841]" box="[151,337,1815,1841]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">
(
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B6E7D5AFF10F8EF36C5301E" box="[159,246,1815,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-17@35.[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 28. Geographical distribution of Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851), Dynastor pharnaces Stichel, 1908 stat. nov., Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest., and Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest. Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www. inaturalist.org), respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269048/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Figs 28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B6E7D5AFE8DF8EF377A301E" box="[258,329,1815,1841]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 33" captionStart-1="FIGURE 34" captionStart-2="FIGURE 35" captionStart-3="FIGURE 36" captionStart-4="FIGURE 37" captionStartId-0="40.[151,250,1522,1546]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionStartId-2="42.[151,250,840,864]" captionStartId-3="42.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionStartId-4="43.[151,250,1313,1337]" captionTargetBox-0="[307,1286,391,1491]" captionTargetBox-1="[306,1286,184,1314]" captionTargetBox-2="[212,1380,188,808]" captionTargetBox-3="[221,1373,965,1902]" captionTargetBox-4="[195,1391,189,1289]" captionTargetId-0="figure-126@40.[294,1294,383,1499]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@41.[293,1293,181,1316]" captionTargetId-2="figure-23@42.[199,1387,181,815]" captionTargetId-3="figure-72@42.[211,1377,960,1908]" captionTargetId-4="figure-17@43.[189,1398,181,1289]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionTargetPageId-2="42" captionTargetPageId-3="42" captionTargetPageId-4="43" captionText-0="FIGURE 33. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 52.734– DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 34. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 3969– DZUP)." captionText-2="FIGURE 35. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 52.734–DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-3="FIGURE 36. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (DZ 3969–DZUP). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-4="FIGURE 37. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest. Lectotype of Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269058" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269060" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269062" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269064" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269066" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269058/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269060/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13269062/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13269064/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13269066/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">33–37</figureCitation>
)
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6E7D5AFF18F8A43430305B" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,515,1883,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFF18F8A4376A305C" box="[151,345,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFD9FF8A53538305C" bold="true" box="[528,779,1883,1910]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Étud. d’Entomologie 6</emphasis>
, p. 28, pl. 6, fig. 4 (male d, v); Manizales, Nouvelle 
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6E7D5AFAC9F8A333AF305C" box="[1350,1436,1883,1907]" name="Grenada" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Grenade</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6E7D5AFF42F882370530BD" box="[205,310,1914,1938]" name="Colombia" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, 
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], M. Alejo M. Patino leg., Coll. Oberthür.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6E7D5AFF18F86232F9309E" blockId="39.[151,1436,1883,2030]" box="[151,1226,1945,1969]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6E7D5AFF18F8623754309E" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,359,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFF18F8623754309E" box="[151,359,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
f. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6E7D5AFE0CF86137EE309E" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[387,477,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFE0CF86137EE309E" box="[387,477,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6E7D5AFE65F86134AA309E" author="Staudinger, O." box="[490,665,1945,1969]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" pagination="195 - 234" refId="ref35538" refString="Staudinger, O. (1887) I. Theil. Exotische Tagfalter in systematischer Reihenfolge mit Berucksichtigung neuer Arten. In: Staudinger, O. &amp; Schatz, E. (Eds.), Exotische Schmetterlinge. G. Lowensohn, Furth, pp. 195 - 234, pls. 86 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1887">Staudinger, 1887</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFD2CF8623484309E" box="[675,695,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">in</emphasis>
Staudinger &amp; Schatz. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFC14F861327E309E" bold="true" box="[923,1101,1945,1969]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Exot. Schmett. 1</emphasis>
(18), p. 214.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6E7D5AFF18F84037F830E0" authorityName="Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,459,1975,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="macrosiris" subSpecies="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFF18F84037F830E0" box="[151,459,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Dynastor macrosiris hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6E7D5AFE55F84F34BD30FF" author="Fruhstorfer, H." box="[474,654,1975,2000]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" refId="ref32787" refString="Fruhstorfer, H. (1912) Brassolidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.. Vol. 5. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 285 - 332." type="book" year="1912">Fruhstorfer, 1912</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFD15F840349D30E0" box="[666,686,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">in</emphasis>
Seitz. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFD78F84F35C530FF" bold="true" box="[759,1014,1975,2000]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Gross-Schmett. Erde 5,</emphasis>
p. 289.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6E7D5AFBD2F84F332330E0" author="Rothschild, L. W." box="[1117,1296,1975,1999]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" pagination="299 - 318" refId="ref35062" refString="Rothschild, L. W. (1916) Notes on Amathusiidae, Brassolidae, Morphidae, etc., with descriptions of new forms. Novitates zoologicae, 23 (3), 299 - 318." type="journal article" year="1916">Rothschild, 1916</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFA94F84F33A530FF" bold="true" box="[1307,1430,1975,2000]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Novit. Zool</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFF48F82E36D330C1" bold="true" box="[199,224,2006,2030]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">23</emphasis>
(3): 310.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6E7D5AFEDBF82E37D230C1" author="Stichel, H." box="[340,481,2006,2030]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref35743" refString="Stichel, H. (1932) n. k. In: Strand, E. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus Pars 51. Brassolidae. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1932">Stichel, 1932</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFE61F82E344930C1" bold="true" box="[494,634,2006,2030]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Lep. Cat. 51</emphasis>
, p. 22.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6E7D5AFD50F82E35AE30C1" author="Casagrande, M. M." box="[735,925,2006,2030]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" pagination="201 - 205" refId="ref32298" refString="Casagrande, M. M. (2004) Tribe Brassolini. In: Lamas, G. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotroprical Lepidoptera 5 A. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 201 - 205." type="book chapter" year="2004">Casagrande, 2004</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6E7D5AFC25F82E322030C1" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1836" box="[938,1043,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Brassolini">Brassolini</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFBAEF82F320630C1" box="[1057,1077,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">in</emphasis>
Lamas (ed.) 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6E7D5AFB4AF82E33AF30C1" bold="true" box="[1221,1436,2006,2030]" pageId="39" pageNumber="490">Checklist: Part 4A,</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF48FF6E37C23781" bold="true" box="[199,497,150,174]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FE72FF6F34223781" box="[509,529,151,174]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">in</emphasis>
Heppner (ed.). 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FD22FF6E35903781" bold="true" box="[685,931,150,175]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FD22FF6E354C3780" authority="Neotrop. Lep." authorityName="Neotrop. Lep." box="[685,895,150,175]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atlas Neotrop. Lep.</taxonomicName>
5A
</emphasis>
, p. 203.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FB87FF6F33083780" author="Garzon-Orduna, I. J. &amp; Penz, C. M." box="[1032,1339,151,175]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref32828" refString="Garzon-Orduna, I. J. &amp; Penz, C. M. (2009) Phylogeny of Dynastor and Brassolis butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): a tough nut to crack. Zootaxa, 2134 (1), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2134.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Garzón-Orduña &amp; Penz, 2009</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FACBFF6F36C937E2" bold="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Zootaxa 2134</emphasis>
: 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B617D55FF18FF2D329437C3" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,359]" box="[151,1191,212,238]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FF18FF2D37BA37C3" box="[151,393,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="strix" subSpecies="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF18FF2D37BA37C3" box="[151,393,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor strix hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FE18FF2C341937C3" author="Blandin, P." box="[407,554,212,236]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref31862" refString="Blandin, P. (1977) La distribution geographique des Brassolinae (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). faits et problemes. Publications du Laboratoire de Zoologie de l'Ecole normale superieure, Paris, 9, 161 - 218." type="journal article" year="1977">Blandin, 1977</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FDBCFF2C359D37C3" bold="true" box="[563,942,212,238]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup.</emphasis>
, Paris, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FC76FF2C323537C3" bold="true" box="[1017,1030,212,236]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">9</emphasis>
: 163; biogeogr.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B617D55FF18FF0B357A3606" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,359]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FF18FF0B37AB3625" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[151,408,243,266]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="macrosiris" subSpecies="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF18FF0B37AB3625" box="[151,408,243,266]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor macrosiris strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[misidentification]; Vélez &amp; Salazar, 1991. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FCDCFF0A323E3625" bold="true" box="[851,1037,242,266]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
Marip. 
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B617D55FC2CFF0A323E3625" box="[931,1037,242,266]" name="Colombia" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, p. 157 (fig. female v); biol.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FAB1FF0B36CF3606" author="Andrade, M. G." pageId="40" pageNumber="491" refId="ref31581" refString="Andrade, M. G. (2002) Biodiversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) de Colombia. In: Costa, C., Vanin, S. A., Lobo, J. M. &amp; Melic, A. (Eds.), Proyecto de Red Iberoamericana de Biogeografia y Entomologia Sistematica. PrIBES 2002. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, Zaragoza, pp. 153 - 172." type="book" year="2002">Andrade, 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FE88FEEA37283606" box="[263,283,274,297]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">in</emphasis>
Costa 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FEEEFEEA37BE3606" box="[353,397,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">et al</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FE15FEE934B93606" bold="true" box="[410,650,273,297]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Monogr. Terc. Milenio</emphasis>
, Zaragoza, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FC8DFEE9353C3606" bold="true" box="[770,783,273,297]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">2</emphasis>
: 162.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B617D55FF18FEC934673029" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B617D55FF18FEC932B63648" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,359]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FF18FEC9371B3667" ID-CoL="9C7DD" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[151,296,305,328]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF18FEC9371B3667" box="[151,296,305,328]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[misidentification]; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FE78FEC834B03667" author="Salazar, J. A." box="[503,643,304,328]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref35100" refString="Salazar, J. A. (1993) Una lista comentada de algunas especies de mariposas de distribucion restringida o locales en Colombia (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Shilap Revista de lepidopterologia, 21 (81), 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">Salazar, 1993</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FD03FEC8354E3667" bold="true" box="[652,893,304,328]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Shilap Revta. lepid. 21</emphasis>
(81): 38.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FC64FEC8324A3667" author="Salazar, J. A." box="[1003,1145,304,328]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref35144" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2002) Nuevas citas de localidades para algunas especies de mariposas de distribucion restringida o locales en Colombia (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Boletin cientifico. Museo de Historia Natural. Universidad de Caldas, 6, 153 - 159." type="journal article" year="2002">Salazar, 2002</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FB0EFEC837573649" bold="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
Bol. Cient. Mus. Hist. Nat. U. de 
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B617D55FE89FEB637623649" box="[262,337,334,358]" country="Colombia" name="Caldas" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Caldas</collectingRegion>
6
</emphasis>
: 157; ecol.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FE61FEB734493648" author="Salazar, J. A." box="[494,634,335,359]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="317 - 327" refId="ref35193" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2003) Revision de la lista de algunas especies de mariposas de distribucion poco conocida en Colombia (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Shilap Revista de lepidopterologia, 31 (124), 317 - 327." type="journal article" year="2003">Salazar, 2003</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FD0BFEB635453649" bold="true" box="[644,886,334,359]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Shilap Revta. lepid. 31</emphasis>
(124): 321, fig. 5 (male d).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF40A48B8B617D55FF18FA0A327A3101" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269058/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" startId="40.[151,250,1522,1546]" targetBox="[307,1286,391,1491]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B617D55FF18FA0A327A3101" blockId="40.[151,1436,1522,1582]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF18FA0A37133125" bold="true" box="[151,288,1522,1546]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FEA8FA0B34B43125" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[295,647,1522,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FEA8FA0B37D53125" box="[295,486,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FD01FA0A34C33125" bold="true" box="[654,752,1522,1546]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">stat. rest.</emphasis>
: Male, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FCCFFA0A35613125" bold="true" box="[832,850,1522,1546]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">a.</emphasis>
dorsal, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FC2BFA0A358B3125" bold="true" box="[932,952,1522,1546]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">b.</emphasis>
ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 52.734– DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B617D55FF18F97834673029" blockId="40.[151,1437,1664,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF18F978374F31B5" bold="true" box="[151,380,1664,1690]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Taxonomic history.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FE0BF979346B31B5" ID-CoL="9BH8S" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[388,600,1664,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FE0BF979346B31B5" box="[388,600,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was treated as a local form of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FC38F97932AD31B5" ID-CoL="386BM" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[951,1182,1665,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FC38F97932AD31B5" box="[951,1182,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FB46F97833A431B5" author="Staudinger, O." box="[1225,1431,1664,1690]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="195 - 234" refId="ref35538" refString="Staudinger, O. (1887) I. Theil. Exotische Tagfalter in systematischer Reihenfolge mit Berucksichtigung neuer Arten. In: Staudinger, O. &amp; Schatz, E. (Eds.), Exotische Schmetterlinge. G. Lowensohn, Furth, pp. 195 - 234, pls. 86 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1887">Staudinger (1887)</bibRefCitation>
, a subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FEC4F95D34003191" ID-CoL="386BM" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[331,563,1701,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FEC4F95D34003191" box="[331,563,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FDD0F95C35033191" author="Fruhstorfer, H." box="[607,816,1700,1726]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" refId="ref32787" refString="Fruhstorfer, H. (1912) Brassolidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.. Vol. 5. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 285 - 332." type="book" year="1912">Fruhstorfer (1912)</bibRefCitation>
and subsequent authors, and a subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FABBF95D375931CD" ID-CoL="9C7DD" authority="(Bates, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FABBF95D36FA31CD" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FF56F930375231CD" author="Bates, H. W." box="[217,353,1736,1762]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="161 - 164" refId="ref31661" refString="Bates, H. W. (1864) New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 1 (7), 161 - 164." type="journal article" year="1864">Bates, 1864</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FEFDF93037D231CD" bold="true" box="[370,481,1736,1762]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">stat. rest.</emphasis>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B617D55FD81F930348F31CD" author="Blandin, P." box="[526,700,1736,1762]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref31862" refString="Blandin, P. (1977) La distribution geographique des Brassolinae (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). faits et problemes. Publications du Laboratoire de Zoologie de l'Ecole normale superieure, Paris, 9, 161 - 218." type="journal article" year="1977">Blandin (1977)</bibRefCitation>
. This species has been cited in reviews, catalogs, and checklists, with records of geographic distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B617D55FF48F8E8320030F1" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B617D55FF48F8E8320030F1" blockId="40.[151,1437,1664,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF48F8E8374E3005" bold="true" box="[199,381,1808,1834]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Type material.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FE03F8E9351B3005" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[396,808,1808,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FE03F8E934543005" box="[396,615,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
was described based on an unspecified number of specimens. 
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B617D55FE95F8CC37B63061" box="[282,389,1844,1870]" count="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B617D55FE03F8CD37D03060" box="[396,483,1845,1871]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/ Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit. Mus. 1927—3./ Manizales AM. Patino/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FDD1F8A13594305D" authority=", Oberthur" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[606,935,1880,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FDD1F8A13500305D" box="[606,819,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
, Oberthur
</taxonomicName>
(Etudes d´ Entom. 6 
<superScript id="7C4A594B8B617D55FB1BF8A032A83049" attach="left" box="[1172,1179,1880,1894]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">e</superScript>
livraison Pl. VI. fig. 4 typicum specimen./. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the 
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B617D55FAB9F88433AE30B9" box="[1334,1437,1916,1942]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FF36F85934783095" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[185,587,1952,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF36F85937A23095" box="[185,401,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
, and the following labels will be attached: / 
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B617D55FBD0F85833223095" box="[1119,1297,1952,1978]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPUS</typeStatus>
/ 
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B617D55FAAFF85933AF3094" box="[1312,1436,1953,1979]" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B617D55FF18F83D342E30F1" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,541,1988,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B617D55FF18F83D375930F1" box="[151,362,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="491">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
, Piovesan, Casagrande &amp; O. Mielke det. 2024/.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF40A48B8B607D54FF18FAC436DA3256" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269060/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" startId="41.[151,250,1340,1364]" targetBox="[306,1286,184,1314]" targetPageId="41" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B607D54FF18FAC436DA3256" blockId="41.[151,1436,1340,1401]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FF18FAC43713327B" bold="true" box="[151,288,1340,1364]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FEA9FAC534B5327B" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[294,646,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FEA9FAC537D6327B" box="[294,485,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FD03FAC434DC327B" bold="true" box="[652,751,1340,1364]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
: Female, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FCDBFAC43554327B" bold="true" box="[852,871,1340,1364]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">a.</emphasis>
dorsal, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FC37FAC435FE327B" bold="true" box="[952,973,1340,1364]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">b.</emphasis>
ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 3969– DZUP).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B607D54FF48FA3234CC31CE" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B607D54FF48FA3234CC31CE" blockId="41.[151,1437,1482,1869]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FF48FA32377132CB" bold="true" box="[199,322,1482,1508]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FEC8FA33342A32CB" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[327,537,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FEC8FA33342A32CB" box="[327,537,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FD91FA3334B932CA" bold="true" box="[542,650,1483,1509]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FC59FA33328A32CB" authorityName="Piovesan &amp; Casagrande &amp; Lamas &amp; Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[982,1209,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FC59FA33328A32CB" box="[982,1209,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FB31FA33331432CA" bold="true" box="[1214,1319,1483,1509]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B607D54FB31FA33331432CA" box="[1214,1319,1483,1509]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FABBFA33373D3127" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FABBFA33373D3127" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FEC3FA1737DE3127" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[332,493,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FEC3FA1737DE3127" box="[332,493,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FE7BFA1734523126" bold="true" box="[500,609,1519,1545]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
, but differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FCA7FA17323D3127" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[808,1038,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FCA7FA17323D3127" box="[808,1038,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the VFW with a distinguishable rusty red band between M 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B607D54FE4DF9DD37F9311C" attach="left" box="[450,458,1573,1587]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">1</subScript>
and M 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B607D54FD92F9DD3416311C" attach="left" box="[541,549,1573,1587]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">3</subScript>
, this band is thinner than that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FC2AF9EB327B3103" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[933,1096,1555,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FC2AF9EB327B3103" box="[933,1096,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FBDFF9EB328C3102" bold="true" box="[1104,1215,1555,1581]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FB47F9EB33AE3103" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[1224,1437,1554,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FB47F9EB33AE3103" box="[1224,1437,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FF18F9CF373B317E" bold="true" box="[151,264,1591,1617]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FE27F9CF34A3317F" authorityName="Piovesan &amp; Casagrande &amp; Lamas &amp; Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[424,656,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FE27F9CF34A3317F" box="[424,656,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FD15F9CF353A317E" bold="true" box="[666,777,1591,1617]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B607D54FD15F9CF353A317E" box="[666,777,1591,1617]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged (
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FE4EF9A23471315A" box="[449,578,1626,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 24" captionStart-1="FIGURE 25" captionStartId-0="32.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionStartId-1="33.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionTargetBox-0="[301,1292,452,1552]" captionTargetBox-1="[307,1286,189,1289]" captionTargetId-0="figure-205@32.[288,1300,444,1560]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@33.[294,1294,181,1297]" captionTargetPageId-0="32" captionTargetPageId-1="33" captionText-0="FIGURE 24. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Brazil, Pará (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 25. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Peru, Río Huallaga (AMNH_IZC 00352908–AMNH)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269040" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269042" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269040/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269042/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Figs 24–25</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FDC1F9A3345F315A" box="[590,620,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionTargetBox="[274,1319,189,1289]" captionTargetId="figure-17@37.[261,1326,181,1297]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 30. Dynastor pharnaces Stichel, 1908 stat. nov.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Peru, Chanchamayo (USNMENT01589343–USNM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269052/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">30</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FDF7F9A334F2315A" box="[632,705,1627,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 33" captionStart-1="FIGURE 34" captionStartId-0="40.[151,250,1522,1546]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox-0="[307,1286,391,1491]" captionTargetBox-1="[306,1286,184,1314]" captionTargetId-0="figure-126@40.[294,1294,383,1499]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@41.[293,1293,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURE 33. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 52.734– DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 34. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 3969– DZUP)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269058" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269060" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269058/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269060/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">33–34</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FD43F9A33524315A" box="[716,791,1627,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 38" captionStart-1="FIGURE 39" captionStartId-0="45.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionStartId-1="46.[151,250,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox-0="[300,1291,189,1289]" captionTargetBox-1="[300,1291,317,1417]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@45.[287,1299,181,1297]" captionTargetId-1="figure-85@46.[287,1299,309,1425]" captionTargetPageId-0="45" captionTargetPageId-1="46" captionText-0="FIGURE 38. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; El Salvador, Ahuachapán (FLMNH MGCL 1107875–MGCL). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 39. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; El Salvador, Ahuachapán (FLMNH MGCL 1107876–MGCL)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269068" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269072" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269068/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269072/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">38–39</figureCitation>
). The male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FBAFF9A332C7315B" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[1056,1268,1626,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FBAFF9A332C7315B" box="[1056,1268,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FB74F9A3335B315A" bold="true" box="[1275,1384,1627,1653]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
also differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FEA9F987343E31B7" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[294,525,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FEA9F987343E31B7" box="[294,525,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FDC3F98734DC31B7" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[588,751,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FDC3F98734DC31B7" box="[588,751,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FD79F987355731B6" bold="true" box="[758,868,1663,1689]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
in having the median region of the aedeagus with tiny spines (
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FEAEF95A374A3193" box="[289,377,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="34.[151,250,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[231,1362,189,808]" captionTargetId="figure-23@34.[218,1370,181,815]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 26. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269044/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Figs 26</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FE09F95A37973192" box="[390,420,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="42.[151,250,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,188,808]" captionTargetId="figure-23@42.[199,1387,181,815]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 35. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 52.734–DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269062/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">35</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FE3EF95B37E23192" box="[433,465,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="47.[151,250,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[220,1372,189,808]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[207,1379,181,815]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 40. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 52.735–DZUP; CMBUT1654-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269074/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">40</figureCitation>
). The female genitalia is very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FC10F95B32B43193" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[927,1159,1699,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FC10F95B32B43193" box="[927,1159,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B607D54FB30F95B33513193" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[1215,1378,1699,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FB30F95B33513193" box="[1215,1378,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FAE5F95B36F831CE" bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">stat. rest.</emphasis>
, but the paired signa are smaller (
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FDC9F93E34AE31CE" box="[582,669,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[244,1355,965,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-66@34.[229,1359,960,1908]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 27. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (OM 78.930–DZUP–OM). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269046/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Figs 27</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FD26F93E34F431CF" box="[681,711,1734,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,965,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-72@42.[211,1377,960,1908]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 36. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (DZ 3969–DZUP). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269064" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269064/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">36</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B607D54FD5CF93F34C131CE" box="[723,754,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,960,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-66@47.[189,1398,960,1908]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 41. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (OM 41.943–DZUP–OM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269076/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">41</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B607D54FF48F91235FA3062" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B607D54FF48F91235FA3062" blockId="41.[151,1437,1482,1869]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B607D54FF48F912370C302B" bold="true" box="[199,319,1770,1796]" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">Variation.</emphasis>
FW, length of the available male: 
<quantity id="4CC759E68B607D54FD57F913351F302A" box="[728,812,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 mm</quantity>
, the available female: 
<quantity id="4CC759E68B607D54FBBAF91232B8302A" box="[1077,1163,1770,1797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="41" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
; width of the band that extends from the costal margin to CuA 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B607D54FDEDF8D934593000" attach="left" box="[610,618,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">1</subScript>
; size and shape of the spot in CuA 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B607D54FB9FF8D9322B3000" attach="left" box="[1040,1048,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">1</subScript>
–CuA 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B607D54FBD4F8D932503000" attach="left" box="[1115,1123,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="492">2</subScript>
. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF40A48B8B637D57FF18FCB034763487" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269062/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="493" startId="42.[151,250,840,864]" targetBox="[212,1380,188,808]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B637D57FF18FCB034763487" blockId="42.[151,1437,840,936]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FF18FCB03710344F" bold="true" box="[151,291,840,864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B637D57FEA4FCB134A1344F" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[299,658,840,864]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FEA4FCB137DF344F" box="[299,492,840,864]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FD14FCB03533344F" bold="true" box="[667,768,840,864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">stat. rest.</emphasis>
: Male genitalia: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FC3BFCB035F4344F" bold="true" box="[948,967,840,864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">a.</emphasis>
dorsal view, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FBD9FCB03259344F" bold="true" box="[1110,1130,840,864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">b.</emphasis>
ventral view, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FA8EFCB03320344F" bold="true" box="[1281,1299,840,864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">c.</emphasis>
lateral view; aedeagus: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FE8DFC94372534AB" bold="true" box="[258,278,876,900]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">d.</emphasis>
dorsal view, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FE11FC94379C34AB" bold="true" box="[414,431,876,900]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">e.</emphasis>
ventral view, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FDCFFC94347C34AB" bold="true" box="[576,591,876,900]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">f.</emphasis>
lateral view (DZ 52.734–DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF40A48B8B637D57FF18F873327030E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269064" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269064/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="493" startId="42.[151,250,1931,1955]" targetBox="[221,1373,965,1902]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B637D57FF18F873327030E7" blockId="42.[151,1436,1931,1992]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FF18F8733713308B" bold="true" box="[151,288,1931,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B637D57FEA9F87434B6308B" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[294,645,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FEA9F87437D6308B" box="[294,485,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FD04F87434DD308B" bold="true" box="[651,750,1932,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">stat. rest.</emphasis>
: Female genitalia: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FC3EF87435F7308B" bold="true" box="[945,964,1932,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">a.</emphasis>
lateral view; 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FBC0F8743250308B" bold="true" box="[1103,1123,1932,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">b.</emphasis>
detail of signa; 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B637D57FA89F874332B308B" bold="true" box="[1286,1304,1932,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="493">c.</emphasis>
ventral view (DZ 3969–DZUP). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF40A48B8B627D56FF18FAD937413272" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269066/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" startId="43.[151,250,1313,1337]" targetBox="[195,1391,189,1289]" targetPageId="43" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B627D56FF18FAD937413272" blockId="43.[151,1436,1313,1373]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF18FAD9372C3216" bold="true" box="[151,287,1313,1337]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FEAAFADA34B13216" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[293,642,1313,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FEAAFADA37D03216" box="[293,483,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FD08FAD934DA3216" bold="true" box="[647,745,1313,1337]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FCFBFADA32E13216" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[884,1234,1313,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FCFBFADA32013216" box="[884,1074,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
Oberthür, 1881
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FB58FAD9330B3216" bold="true" box="[1239,1336,1313,1337]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FAC9FAD9336A3216" bold="true" box="[1350,1369,1313,1337]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">a.</emphasis>
dorsal view, 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF5CFABD36DB3272" bold="true" box="[211,232,1349,1373]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">b.</emphasis>
ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B627D51FF48FA5735293632" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B627D56FF48FA5734FD30CA" blockId="43.[151,1437,1455,2022]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF48FA57377C32E6" bold="true" box="[199,335,1455,1481]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FED9FA48341932E6" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[342,554,1455,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FED9FA48341932E6" box="[342,554,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FDBFFA5734AE32E6" bold="true" box="[560,669,1455,1481]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
is also a case of a described species that has been considered a form or subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FED7FA2C347332C2" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[344,576,1492,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FED7FA2C347332C2" box="[344,576,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FDE6FA2C353F32C2" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[617,780,1492,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FDE6FA2C353F32C2" box="[617,780,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FC9BFA2B35B032C2" bold="true" box="[788,899,1491,1517]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FC03FA2B321432C2" author="Stichel, H." box="[908,1063,1491,1517]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref35630" refString="Stichel, H. (1904) Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, Fam. Nymphalidae, Subfam. Brassolinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, Fascicule XX. V. Verteneuil &amp; L. Desmet, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 48, 5 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Stichel (1904</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FBBCFA2B325F32C2" author="Stichel, H." box="[1075,1132,1491,1517]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" pagination="1 - 244" refId="ref35706" refString="Stichel, H. (1909) Brassolidae. Das Tierreich, 25, i - xiv + 1 - 244 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1235" type="book chapter" year="1909">1909</bibRefCitation>
) found 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FB47FA2C33AE32C2" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[1224,1437,1491,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FB47FA2C33AE32C2" box="[1224,1437,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF18FA0F373B313E" bold="true" box="[151,264,1527,1553]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
so similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FE20FA003467313E" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[431,596,1528,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE20FA003467313E" box="[431,596,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FDD1FA0F34FC313E" bold="true" box="[606,719,1527,1553]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
that he synonymized them. However, the wing color pattern, the morphology of the male genitalia, and the molecular data do not support this synonymy. Although 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FABBF9E436C83176" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FABBF9E436C83176" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE89F9C737443176" bold="true" box="[262,375,1599,1625]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
has a trans-Andean geographical distribution, like 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FC40F9B832473176" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[975,1140,1600,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FC40F9B832473176" box="[975,1140,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FBF0F9C732C33176" bold="true" box="[1151,1264,1599,1625]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
, it has a wing color pattern similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FE26F99C34A33152" authorityName="Piovesan &amp; Casagrande &amp; Lamas &amp; Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[425,656,1635,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE26F99C34A33152" box="[425,656,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FD16F99B35353152" bold="true" box="[665,774,1635,1661]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B627D56FD16F99B35353152" box="[665,774,1635,1661]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, mainly in the VFW rusty red band between M 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B627D56FABFF98E330B31AB" attach="left" box="[1328,1336,1654,1668]" fontSize="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">1</subScript>
and M 
<subScript id="17BBF6468B627D56FA02F98E33A631AB" attach="left" box="[1421,1429,1654,1668]" fontSize="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">3</subScript>
, and also occurs in high elevations (
<quantity id="4CC759E68B627D56FDADF97F34E2318E" box="[546,721,1671,1697]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B627D56FDADF97F3453318E" box="[546,608,1671,1697]" degrees="1,000" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" precision="55" value="1.0">1,000</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B627D56FDEFF97F3483318E" box="[608,688,1671,1697]" degrees="2,000" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" precision="55" value="-2.0">–2,000</geoCoordinate>
m
</quantity>
). Nevertheless, the VFW and VHW ripple pattern differs: while 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FF18F954375E31EA" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,365,1707,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF18F954375E31EA" box="[151,365,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FEFAF95337D631EA" bold="true" box="[373,485,1707,1733]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
has the VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FF18F928374E31C6" authorityName="Piovesan &amp; Casagrande &amp; Lamas &amp; Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,381,1743,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF18F928374E31C6" box="[151,381,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE09F93737C131C6" bold="true" box="[390,498,1743,1769]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B627D56FE09F93737C131C6" box="[390,498,1743,1769]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has this ripple pattern strongly and irregularly arranged. Although it was possible to obtain only a single DNA barcode sequence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FD57F90C359D3022" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[728,942,1779,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FD57F90C359D3022" box="[728,942,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FC39F90B32153022" bold="true" box="[950,1062,1779,1805]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
, comparing it with the sequence provided by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FEADF8EF3463301E" author="Matos-Maravi, P. &amp; Wahlberg, N. &amp; Freitas, A. V. L. &amp; DeVries, P. &amp; Antonelli, A. &amp; Penz, C. M." box="[290,592,1815,1842]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" pagination="704 - 724" refId="ref33761" refString="Matos-Maravi, P., Wahlberg, N., Freitas, A. V. L., DeVries, P., Antonelli, A. &amp; Penz, C. M. (2021) Mesoamerica is a cradle and the Atlantic Forest is a museum of Neotropical butterfly diversity: insights from the evolution and biogeography of Brassolini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 133 (3), 704 - 724. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / biolinnean / blab 034" type="journal article" year="2021">
Matos-Maraví 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE47F8E037CB301E" box="[456,504,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">et al</emphasis>
. (2021)
</bibRefCitation>
for 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FDF3F8E0356C301E" authorityName="Piovesan &amp; Casagrande &amp; Lamas &amp; Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[636,863,1815,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FDF3F8E0356C301E" box="[636,863,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FCEAF8EF35FD301E" bold="true" box="[869,974,1815,1841]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B627D56FCEAF8EF35FD301E" box="[869,974,1815,1841]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, the divergence (7.0%) found agrees with the differences found in the morphology. Based on the information accumulated in this study, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FB47F8C433AE307A" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[1224,1437,1851,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FB47F8C433AE307A" box="[1224,1437,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FF18F8A737353056" bold="true" box="[151,262,1887,1913]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
has a restricted geographical distribution in the Colombian Cordilleras, being sympatric with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FABBF898373230B2" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stygianus">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FABBF898373230B2" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor stygianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE85F87B374A30B2" bold="true" box="[266,377,1923,1949]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
Although there is no illustration of the ventral view of the specimens mentioned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FAC5F87B36E830EE" author="Salazar, J. A." pageId="43" pageNumber="494" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref35100" refString="Salazar, J. A. (1993) Una lista comentada de algunas especies de mariposas de distribucion restringida o locales en Colombia (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Shilap Revista de lepidopterologia, 21 (81), 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">Salazar (1993</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FF67F85F371030EE" author="Salazar, J. A." box="[232,291,1959,1985]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref35144" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2002) Nuevas citas de localidades para algunas especies de mariposas de distribucion restringida o locales en Colombia (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Boletin cientifico. Museo de Historia Natural. Universidad de Caldas, 6, 153 - 159." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FEA0F85F375A30EE" author="Salazar, J. A." box="[303,361,1959,1985]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" pagination="317 - 327" refId="ref35193" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2003) Revision de la lista de algunas especies de mariposas de distribucion poco conocida en Colombia (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Shilap Revista de lepidopterologia, 31 (124), 317 - 327." type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B627D56FE27F85F346D30EE" author="Andrade, M. G." box="[424,606,1959,1985]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" refId="ref31581" refString="Andrade, M. G. (2002) Biodiversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) de Colombia. In: Costa, C., Vanin, S. A., Lobo, J. M. &amp; Melic, A. (Eds.), Proyecto de Red Iberoamericana de Biogeografia y Entomologia Sistematica. PrIBES 2002. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, Zaragoza, pp. 153 - 172." type="book" year="2002">Andrade (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, from the locality where these specimens were collected, the autors were probably referring to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B627D56FE08F834346830CA" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[391,603,1995,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FE08F834346830CA" box="[391,603,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B627D56FDEEF83334FD30CA" bold="true" box="[609,718,1995,2021]" pageId="43" pageNumber="494">stat. rest.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B657D51FF48FF6F3431379E" blockId="44.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,514,150,177]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FF48FF6F37B6379F" bold="true" box="[199,389,150,177]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Natural history.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B657D51FF48FF42374337D6" blockId="44.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FF48FF4237C137FB" bold="true" box="[199,498,186,212]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FE74FF42344337FB" bold="true" box="[507,624,186,212]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B657D51FE74FF42344337FB" box="[507,624,186,212]" name="Colombia" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FD0EFF4334EA37FA" box="[641,729,187,213]" country="Colombia" name="Boyaca" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Boyacá</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FD68FF43350537FA" box="[743,822,187,213]" country="Colombia" name="Caldas" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Caldas</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FCCBFF43359037FA" box="[836,931,187,213]" country="Colombia" name="Quindio" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Quindío</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FC21FF43321337FA" box="[942,1056,187,213]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B657D51FBB6FF4332BC37FA" box="[1081,1167,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-17@35.[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 28. Geographical distribution of Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851), Dynastor pharnaces Stichel, 1908 stat. nov., Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest., and Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest. Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www. inaturalist.org), respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269048/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
), at elevations between 1,000 and 
<quantity id="4CC759E68B657D51FE82FF27375F37D6" box="[269,364,223,249]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" unit="m" value="2.0">
<elevation id="001213308B657D51FE82FF27375F37D6" box="[269,364,223,249]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" unit="m" value="2.0">2,000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B657D51FF48FEFB35293632" blockId="44.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,794,258,285]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FF48FEFB37E43633" bold="true" box="[199,471,258,285]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Temporal distribution.</emphasis>
January, April, July, August.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B657D51FF48FEDF331D354E" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B657D51FF48FEDF35AE364A" blockId="44.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FF48FEDF377D366E" bold="true" box="[199,334,295,321]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name probably refers to the Carthaginian general Hannibal (c. 247–183 B.C.) who commanded the forces against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B657D51FF48FE9636C836FE" blockId="44.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FF48FE9637FB36A7" bold="true" box="[199,456,366,392]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B657D51FE5FFE9736C436FE" collectingDate="1980-08" collectionCode="DZUP" collectorName="Schmidt Munn" country="Colombia" location="Otanche" municipality="Photos" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Boyaca" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE46E798B657D51FE5FFE97342F36A6" box="[464,540,367,393]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Photos</collectingMunicipality>
of the 
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B657D51FDFFFE9734E436A6" box="[624,727,367,393]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B657D51FD70FE9735E736A6" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[767,980,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FD70FE9735E736A6" box="[767,980,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B657D51FC6BFE97320A36A6" box="[996,1081,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1313,1337]" captionTargetBox="[195,1391,189,1289]" captionTargetId="figure-17@43.[189,1398,181,1289]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 37. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest. Lectotype of Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269066/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
), and the following specimens: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FF18FE6A37053683" bold="true" box="[151,310,402,428]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B657D51FF18FE6A37053683" box="[151,310,402,428]" name="Colombia" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FEC8FE6A37AD3682" bold="true" box="[327,414,402,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FEC8FE6A37AD3682" box="[327,414,402,429]" country="Colombia" name="Boyaca" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Boyacá</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
— 
<location id="8EE0A2D88B657D51FE34FE6B34293682" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E:8EE0A2D88B657D51FE34FE6B34293682" box="[443,538,403,429]" country="Colombia" municipality="Photos" name="Otanche" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" stateProvince="Boyaca">Otanche</location>
, 
<date id="FF81D2C38B657D51FDA7FE6B34AF3682" box="[552,668,403,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="1980-08">
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B657D51FDA7FE6B34AF3682" box="[552,668,403,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="1980-08">VIII-1980</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B657D51FD25FE6B35203682" box="[682,787,403,429]" count="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
*, 
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B657D51FCA3FE6B354D3682" box="[812,894,403,429]" count="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
*/**, 
<collectorName id="26CA91D58B657D51FC33FE6B32553682" box="[956,1126,403,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Schmidt Munn</collectorName>
leg., DZ 3969, DZ 52.734 (
<collectionCode id="ED2E6CC68B657D51FF10FE4F36DC36FE" box="[159,239,439,465]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B657D51FF48FE23331D354E" blockId="44.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B657D51FF48FE23331C36DA" box="[199,1327,474,501]" collectingDate="2021-07-29" country="Colombia" latitude="5.077889" location="Manizales" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.437805" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Caldas">
iNaturalist records: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FE25FE22347A36DB" bold="true" box="[426,585,474,500]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B657D51FE25FE22347A36DB" box="[426,585,474,500]" name="Colombia" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FDD5FE22349F36DB" bold="true" box="[602,684,474,500]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FDD5FE22349F36DB" box="[602,684,474,500]" country="Colombia" name="Caldas" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Caldas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
— 
<location id="8EE0A2D88B657D51FD45FE23350C36DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E:8EE0A2D88B657D51FD45FE23350C36DA" box="[714,831,475,501]" country="Colombia" latitude="5.077889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.437805" name="Manizales" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" stateProvince="Caldas">Manizales</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B657D51FCC3FE2235EC36DA" box="[844,991,474,501]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" precision="1" seconds="40.4" value="5.077889">5°04’40.4”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B657D51FC63FE2232A336DA" box="[1004,1168,474,501]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" precision="1" seconds="16.1" value="-75.437805">75°26’16.1”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF81D2C38B657D51FB11FE23331C36DA" box="[1182,1327,475,501]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2021-07-29">
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B657D51FB11FE23331C36DA" box="[1182,1327,475,501]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2021-07-29">29-VII-2021</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B657D51FAB3FE2335FC3536" collectingDate="2021-01-14" country="Colombia" latitude="4.6772223" location="Filandia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.65886" municipality="Johnnier Arango." pageId="44" pageNumber="495" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Quindio">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE46E798B657D51FAB3FE2336C03536" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Johnnier Arango.</collectingMunicipality>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FE8AFE0637543536" bold="true" box="[261,359,510,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FE8AFE0637543536" box="[261,359,510,537]" country="Colombia" name="Quindio" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Quindío</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
— 
<location id="8EE0A2D88B657D51FE0BFE0737D13536" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E:8EE0A2D88B657D51FE0BFE0737D13536" box="[388,482,511,537]" country="Colombia" latitude="4.6772223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.65886" municipality="Johnnier Arango." name="Filandia" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" stateProvince="Quindio">Filandia</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B657D51FE77FE0734B93536" box="[504,650,511,537]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" precision="1" seconds="38.0" value="4.6772223">4°40’38.0”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B657D51FD2EFE0635763536" box="[673,837,510,537]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" precision="1" seconds="31.9" value="-75.65886">75°39’31.9”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF81D2C38B657D51FCD2FE0735FC3536" box="[861,975,511,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2021-01-14">
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B657D51FCD2FE0735FC3536" box="[861,975,511,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2021-01-14">14-I-2021</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B657D51FC69FE07344B3512" collectingDate="2022-04-10" country="Colombia" latitude="5.5966115" location="Jardin" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.81139" municipality="Ricardo Archila." pageId="44" pageNumber="495" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE46E798B657D51FC69FE0732983536" box="[998,1195,511,537]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Ricardo Archila.</collectingMunicipality>
<emphasis id="B94B28118B657D51FB32FE0633063537" bold="true" box="[1213,1333,510,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B657D51FB32FE0633063537" box="[1213,1333,510,536]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
— 
<location id="8EE0A2D88B657D51FADDFE0733AB3536" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E:8EE0A2D88B657D51FADDFE0733AB3536" box="[1362,1432,511,537]" country="Colombia" latitude="5.5966115" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.81139" municipality="Ricardo Archila." name="Jardin" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" stateProvince="Antioquia">Jardín</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B657D51FF18FDDA37193512" box="[151,298,546,573]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" precision="1" seconds="47.8" value="5.5966115">5°35’47.8”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B657D51FEB2FDDA37D23512" box="[317,481,546,573]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" precision="1" seconds="41.0" value="-75.81139">75°48’41.0”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF81D2C38B657D51FE7BFDDB344B3512" box="[500,632,547,573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2022-04-10">
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B657D51FE7BFDDB344B3512" box="[500,632,547,573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2022-04-10">10-IV-2022</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B657D51FD04FDDB3319354E" collectingDate="2023-06-30" collectorName="Accessed" country="Colombia" location="Daniel Mesa." pageId="44" pageNumber="495" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<location id="8EE0A2D88B657D51FD04FDDB351B3512" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E:8EE0A2D88B657D51FD04FDDB351B3512" box="[651,808,547,573]" country="Colombia" name="Daniel Mesa." pageId="44" pageNumber="495" stateProvince="Antioquia">Daniel Mesa.</location>
(available at: inaturalist.org/observations/101350918; inaturalist.org/observations/68131527; inaturalist.org/observations/111029131. 
<collectorName id="26CA91D58B657D51FB9FFDBF3249354E" box="[1040,1146,583,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495">Accessed</collectorName>
<date id="FF81D2C38B657D51FB0EFDBF3311354E" box="[1153,1314,583,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2023-06-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B657D51FB0EFDBF3311354E" box="[1153,1314,583,609]" pageId="44" pageNumber="495" value="2023-06-30">June 30, 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>