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<document id="71E1F59EE783BDA80D2EE7AE1BE138F6" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.528.3.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788143" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1639729849577" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ding, Mengqi, Zhang, Kaixuan, Tang, Yu, Wang, Junzhen, Li, Faliang, Yang, Keli, Wen, Wen &amp; Zhou, Meiliang" docDate="2021" docId="651C9A6F5266624F30B1FB392061FEBC" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.528.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 528 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Fagopyrum homotropicum Ohnishi 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="206" masterDocId="9925E2175267624B3039FFEC2406FF98" masterDocTitle="Newly discovered tetraploid Fagopyrum homotropicum in Tibet, China" masterLastPageNumber="208" masterPageNumber="202" pageNumber="203" updateTime="1731948024730" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="37322B6676D37492E50D1460A8602708">Newly discovered tetraploid Fagopyrum homotropicum in Tibet, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E5E23E14A37615DB870A7A8B9713C9B0">Ding, Mengqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="835E6CB2B3A18355F4389B86F7288360">Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4DF818400546E271698FD906F79AB915">Zhang, Kaixuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BCA52597EB82CEC670E7AFF7D0408E98">Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DFD8F102B079743FF62959BF51588B10">Tang, Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1FFA2DCFDC730F875A43777DF467DBF3">Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China. &amp; College of Food Science and Technology, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9E4A6B0DB96A3141298EDB5EBDBDC1C2">Wang, Junzhen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B1CAC6B199B8C95FE3E435F3426C203" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9226-7751</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AD806A4AB2AC4F1A54F4FB652C4978D6">Research Station of Alpine Crop, Xichang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Liangshan 616150, Sichuan, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B0DB25C0136EE43CDA55B4F564A632AD" type="email">2537772498@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="81DF59468A1D12880201D942585667AC">Li, Faliang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A2102CB45BD8E64E06EA6D7926C9CF9D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1210-0557</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EC3E84F4A9AA16D48D9D4D15F32A9243">Research Station of Alpine Crop, Xichang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Liangshan 616150, Sichuan, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2CB9FC2A575C75607E4DBECB3E4322AB" type="email">690969207@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FCD0E90C3324BF3180BB249922F32288">Yang, Keli</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="77DBF7C1CBADD992CEEF1E5066A686A5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4373-4771</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="27D98F33A30FFF9D64F6041E360B5DA0">Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE638A848A96D2527D2C75592AA0960E">Wen, Wen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="52EC495263D9C51F1C4A954A844A8E99">Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China. &amp; Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A76C9CE54ECF1828EBC8FCE2E4EC3D7A">Zhou, Meiliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5DD86A4BF6E97EB3E9CDB3A0FBBE70D">Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0971A02877F805A70802602C964298E6">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A490CEA434A7EDF87CAC6EEE126C0494">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C92D6C2AC66913436F77816C49CCB5C5">528</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="04A34B9E7CEC10CEFFEA23C33802F700">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FD96D1EFF987C4825720C071F9968397" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="651C9A6F5266624F30B1FB392061FEBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:651C9A6F5266624F30B1FB392061FEBC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/651C9A6F5266624F30B1FB392061FEBC" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25266624A30B1FB392691FB76" box="[136,663,1236,1262]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795266624A30B1FB392691FB76" blockId="1.[136,1452,1236,1334]" box="[136,663,1236,1262]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA5266624A30B1FB392692FB76" ID-CoL="3DS8V" authority="Ohnishi (1998: 20)" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1998" box="[136,660,1236,1262]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A30B1FB3925B2FB76" box="[136,436,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="892456885266624A3182FB382692FB76" author="Ohnishi, O." box="[443,660,1236,1262]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" pagination="18 - 28" refId="ref2812" refString="Ohnishi, O. (1998) Search for the wild ancestor of buckwheat. Description of new Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae) species and their distribution in China and the Himalayan hills. Fagopyrum 15: 18 - 28." type="journal article" year="1998">Ohnishi (1998: 20)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25266624A30B1FB102542FAAE" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795266624A30B1FB102542FAAE" blockId="1.[136,1452,1236,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A30B1FB1024BCFA89" bold="true" box="[136,186,1276,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Type</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A30F8FB1024DFFA89" bold="true" box="[193,217,1276,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5DDD21245266624A30E0FB102547FAAE" collectingDate="2017-09-20" collectionCode="CAAS" country="China" county="Mangkang County" elevation="2350" location="Mangkang County" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" specimenCode="CAAS2204" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tibet Autonomous region" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="95A26BE95266624A30E0FB10252EFA89" box="[217,296,1276,1297]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2F71E59B5266624A310FFB10263DFA8A" box="[310,571,1276,1298]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Tibet Autonomous region</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="046B53F55266624A3273FB102702FA89" box="[586,772,1276,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Mangkang County</collectingCounty>
,
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<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A332AFB10279BFA89" box="[787,925,1276,1298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="2350.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="2200.0">2200–2500 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
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,
<date id="990B0DB95266624A33DEFB1020A9FA89" box="[999,1199,1276,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" value="2017-09-20">
<collectingDate id="894FF4515266624A33DEFB1020A9FA89" box="[999,1199,1276,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" value="2017-09-20">20 September 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A3486FB102142FA89" box="[1215,1348,1276,1297]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Zhou 201709</emphasis>
(
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<specimenCode id="BD1383025266624A3084FACC2530FAAE" box="[189,310,1312,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">CAAS2204</specimenCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25266624A30B1FA88209BFA3A" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795266624A30B1FA88209BFA3A" blockId="1.[136,1452,1380,2019]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A30B1FA8824FDFAE6" bold="true" box="[136,251,1380,1406]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A313AFA882519FAE6" bold="true" box="[259,287,1380,1406]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">—</emphasis>
Tetraploid form of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA5266624A31C8FA89271AFAE6" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" box="[497,796,1380,1406]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A31C8FA89271AFAE6" box="[497,796,1380,1406]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to diploid form but it is differs by their shape and size of grains, which are bigger and slender than that of diploid form (see
<tableCitation id="A0371EC25266624A33FDFA642010FA3A" box="[964,1046,1416,1442]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,1155,1179]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters of tetraploid and diploid forms of Fagopyrum homotropicum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B9CA7BF15264624830B1FB6F20AFFB02" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" tableUuid="B9CA7BF15264624830B1FB6F20AFFB02">Table 1</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="758E37FC5266624A341DFA642089FA3A" box="[1060,1167,1416,1442]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,2028,2050]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,229,1211,1233]" captionTargetBox-0="[206,1385,213,1983]" captionTargetBox-1="[175,1412,198,1023]" captionTargetBox-2="[175,1418,337,1167]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@2.[183,1405,187,2001]" captionTargetId-1="figure-31@3.[151,1436,187,1026]" captionTargetId-2="figure-76@4.[151,1436,317,1187]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Tetraploid form of Fagopyrum homotropicum in different stages.A) Seedling stage, B) Flowering stage, C) Fruit setting stage, D) Plants in the wild environment." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Morphology of flower and fruits of Tetraploid form of Fagopyrum homotropicum: A) Flower when overlooking, B) Flower when side-looking, C) Immature seed, D) Mature seed." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Morphology of flower and fruits of diploid form of Fagopyrum homotropicum: A) Flower when overlooking, B) Flower when side-looking, C) Immature seed, D) Mature seed." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788145" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788147" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788149" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5788145/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5788147/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5788149/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25266624A3084FA4026C5F826" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="description">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795266624A3084FA4026C5F826" blockId="1.[136,1452,1380,2019]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A3084FA402541FA5E" bold="true" box="[189,327,1452,1478]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Description</emphasis>
:—Plants annual, herbaceous,
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A329EFA40272EFA5F" box="[679,808,1452,1479]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="cm" value="97.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="70.0">70–124 cm</quantity>
tall. Stems erect or semi-erect (= stem is erect for the distal half of its length), branching from basal or lower-middle nodes. Stems terete, glabrous, fuchsia coloured, with surface smoothly and longitudinal ribs. Leaves alternate, narrowly ovoid, triangular-ovate or ovate-triangular (2.0–6.2 ×
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), adaxially green or reddish-green, abaxially dark-green, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces; petioles 4.3–5.0 cm long, and the middle and upper petioles gradually become shorter to none; stipules thick membranous, obliquely tubular, sparsely white pubescent. Inflorescences racemose, axillary or terminal, 0.7-4.0 cm long, with dense cyme clusters inserted in the upper or middle-upper part of the inflorescence axis; bracts funnel-shaped, oblique with an acuminate apex, green, flowers 2–3 for each bract; pedicel linear, green or red-green, glabrous, with articulate; tepals 5 (2 smaller on the outside and 3 bigger on the inside), oval or ovate,
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A33C0F9202084F97F" box="[1017,1154,1740,1767]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.5 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A349AF9202128F97F" box="[1187,1326,1740,1767]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.6 mm</quantity>
, white and light-green basally; stamens 8, arranged in 2 whorls (
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A32E7F91C270CF892" box="[734,778,1776,1803]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
outer and
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inner), anther elliptic, red or fuchsia,
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A356EF91C24B0F8B7" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
, ovary ovoid triangular pyramidal,
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A3205F8F826C4F8B7" box="[572,706,1812,1839]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 mm</quantity>
long, yellow-green, styles 3, white, glabrous, stigma capitate, pistil and stamens has the same length (homostyled). Achenes broadly oval triangular pyramidal or triangular pyramidal,
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A30B1F8B02508F8EF" box="[136,270,1884,1911]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="4.95" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.4">4.4–5.5 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="2A4D869C5266624A3142F8B02607F8EF" box="[379,513,1884,1911]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.199999999999999" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="4.199999999999999" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.6 mm</quantity>
in diameter, with sharp or slightly blunt apex and sharp fruit edges; the skin of fruits is black-brown or brown when ripe, surface rough and lackluster, the tepals are persistent, and the achene is 2–3 times exposed to the tepals; styles persistent. (
<figureCitation id="758E37FC5266624A3270F84826B3F826" box="[585,693,1956,1982]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,2028,2050]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox-0="[206,1385,213,1983]" captionTargetBox-1="[175,1412,198,1023]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@2.[183,1405,187,2001]" captionTargetId-1="figure-31@3.[151,1436,187,1026]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Tetraploid form of Fagopyrum homotropicum in different stages.A) Seedling stage, B) Flowering stage, C) Fruit setting stage, D) Plants in the wild environment." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Morphology of flower and fruits of Tetraploid form of Fagopyrum homotropicum: A) Flower when overlooking, B) Flower when side-looking, C) Immature seed, D) Mature seed." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788145" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788147" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5788145/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5788147/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25266624A3084F82427CFF87A" box="[189,969,1992,2019]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795266624A3084F82427CFF87A" blockId="1.[136,1452,1380,2019]" box="[189,969,1992,2019]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5266624A3084F8242538F87A" bold="true" box="[189,318,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet refers to the homostyled character.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="B9CA7BF15265624930B1F80025D3F7BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788145/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" startId="2.[136,229,2028,2050]" targetBox="[206,1385,213,1983]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795265624930B1F80025D3F7BF" blockId="2.[136,1452,2028,2087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5265624930B1F80024FBF799" bold="true" box="[136,253,2028,2050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Tetraploid form of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA52656249318DF80126B2F79A" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" box="[436,692,2029,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B52656249318DF80126B2F79A" box="[436,692,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in different stages.A) Seedling stage, B) Flowering stage, C) Fruit setting stage, D) Plants in the wild environment.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B9CA7BF15264624830B1FBF4269CFBCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788147/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" startId="3.[136,229,1048,1070]" targetBox="[175,1412,198,1023]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795264624830B1FBF4269CFBCB" blockId="3.[136,1451,1048,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830B1FBF424F8FBB6" bold="true" box="[136,254,1048,1070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Morphology of flower and fruits of Tetraploid form of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA52646248332EFBF5201EFBB6" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" box="[791,1048,1049,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B52646248332EFBF5201EFBB6" box="[791,1048,1049,1070]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: A) Flower when overlooking, B) Flower when side-looking, C) Immature seed, D) Mature seed.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B9CA7BF15264624830B1FB6F20AFFB02" ID-Table-UUID="B9CA7BF15264624830B1FB6F20AFFB02" box="[136,1193,1155,1179]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B9CA7BF15264624830B1FB6F20AFFB02" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" startId="3.[136,224,1155,1179]" targetBox="[144,1440,1192,1798]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795264624830B1FB6F20AFFB02" blockId="3.[136,1193,1155,1179]" box="[136,1193,1155,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830B1FB6F24FDFB03" bold="true" box="[136,251,1155,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological characters of tetraploid and diploid forms of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA5264624833BCFB6820A5FB03" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" box="[901,1187,1155,1179]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624833BCFB6820A5FB03" box="[901,1187,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="ED0A2B79526462483190FB4427EAF89E" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<table id="9FB5D9D952649DB430A9FB4421A6F89E" box="[144,1440,1192,1798]" gridcols="3" gridrows="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FB4421A6FB26" box="[144,1440,1192,1214]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="1054404752649DB43190FB4427A5FB26" box="[425,931,1192,1214]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B526462483190FB44264BFB26" bold="true" box="[425,589,1192,1214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tetraploid form</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="1054404752649DB43381FB4421A6FB26" box="[952,1440,1192,1214]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B526462483381FB44203BFB26" bold="true" box="[952,1085,1192,1214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Diploid form</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FB2B21A6FB45" box="[144,1440,1223,1245]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FB2B257AFB45" box="[144,380,1223,1245]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FB24257AFB45" bold="true" box="[144,380,1223,1245]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Flower diameter in full</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FB2B27A5FB45" box="[425,931,1223,1245]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">3.9–4.4</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FB2B21A6FB45" box="[952,1440,1223,1245]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">3.9–4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FB0921A6FB63" box="[144,1440,1253,1275]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FB0921A6FB63" box="[144,1440,1253,1275]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FB09254EFB63" bold="true" box="[144,328,1253,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">bloom stage (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FAE821A6FA83" box="[144,1440,1284,1307]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FAE8257AFA83" box="[144,380,1284,1307]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FAE82525FA81" bold="true" box="[144,291,1284,1306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Perianth color</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FAE827A5FA83" box="[425,931,1284,1307]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">white</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FAE821A6FA83" box="[952,1440,1284,1307]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">white or pink</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FAC821A6FAA2" box="[144,1440,1316,1338]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FAC8257AFAA2" box="[144,380,1316,1338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FAC8250FFAA1" bold="true" box="[144,265,1316,1337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tepal shape</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FAC827A5FAA2" box="[425,931,1316,1338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">elliptic or ovate</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FAC821A6FAA2" box="[952,1440,1316,1338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">elliptic or ovate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FAA821A6FAC2" box="[144,1440,1348,1370]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FAA8257AFAC2" box="[144,380,1348,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FAA82534FAC2" bold="true" box="[144,306,1348,1370]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tepal size (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FAA827A5FAC2" box="[425,931,1348,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">2.3–2.5 (length),</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FAA821A6FAC2" box="[952,1440,1348,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">2.2–2.5 (length),</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FA8E21A6FAE0" box="[144,1440,1378,1400]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FA8E27A5FAE0" box="[425,931,1378,1400]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">1.3–1.6 (width)</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FA8E21A6FAE0" box="[952,1440,1378,1400]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">1.3–1.6 (width)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FA6D21A6FA0F" box="[144,1440,1409,1431]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FA6D257AFA0F" box="[144,380,1409,1431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FA6D251FFA0F" bold="true" box="[144,281,1409,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Gymnoecium</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FA6D27A5FA0F" box="[425,931,1409,1431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">1.1–1.2 mm, ovary ovoid triangular pyramidal, 0.7-</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FA6D21A6FA0F" box="[952,1440,1409,1431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">1.1–1.2 mm in total, ovary ovoid triangular</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FA7321A6FA2D" box="[144,1440,1439,1461]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FA7327A5FA2D" box="[425,931,1439,1461]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">0.8 mm long, yellow-green, stigma 0.4–0.5 mm</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FA7321A6FA2D" box="[952,1440,1439,1461]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">pyramidal, 0.7–0.8 mm long, yellow-green, stigma</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FA5021A6FA4A" box="[144,1440,1468,1490]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FA5021A6FA4A" box="[952,1440,1468,1490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">0.4–0.5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FA3721A6FA6A" box="[144,1440,1499,1522]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9FA37257AFA6A" box="[144,380,1499,1522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9FA372516FA69" bold="true" box="[144,272,1499,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Androecium</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FA3727A5FA6A" box="[425,931,1499,1522]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">filaments 1.1–1.2 mm, anther elliptic, red or fuchsia,</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FA3721A6FA6A" box="[952,1440,1499,1522]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">filaments 1.1–1.2mm, anther elliptic, red or</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9FA1521A6F997" box="[144,1440,1529,1551]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43190FA1527A5F997" box="[425,931,1529,1551]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">0.2–0.3 mm</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381FA1521A6F997" box="[952,1440,1529,1551]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">fuchsia, 0.2–0.3 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F9F421A6F9B7" box="[144,1440,1560,1583]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9F9F4257AF9B7" box="[144,380,1560,1583]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9F9F42500F9B6" bold="true" box="[144,262,1560,1582]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fruit shape</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F9F427A5F9B7" box="[425,931,1560,1583]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">broadly oval triangular pyramidal or triangular</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F9F421A6F9B7" box="[952,1440,1560,1583]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Long triangular pyramidal</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F9DA21A6F9D4" box="[144,1440,1590,1612]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F9DA27A5F9D4" box="[425,931,1590,1612]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">pyramidal</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F9B921A6F9F4" box="[144,1440,1621,1644]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9F9B9257AF9F4" box="[144,380,1621,1644]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9F9B924F9F9F3" bold="true" box="[144,255,1621,1643]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fruit color</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F9B927A5F9F4" box="[425,931,1621,1644]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Black-brown or brown, surface rough and lackluster</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F9B921A6F9F4" box="[952,1440,1621,1644]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">black or black-brown, surface smooth and</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F99F21A6F911" box="[144,1440,1651,1673]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F99F21A6F911" box="[952,1440,1651,1673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">lackluster</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F97E21A6F931" box="[144,1440,1682,1705]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9F97E257AF931" box="[144,380,1682,1705]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9F97E2545F930" bold="true" box="[144,323,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fruit length(mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F97E27A5F931" box="[425,931,1682,1705]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">4.4–5.5</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F97E21A6F931" box="[952,1440,1682,1705]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">4.1–4.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F95E21A6F951" box="[144,1440,1714,1737]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9F95E257AF951" box="[144,380,1714,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9F95E2563F950" bold="true" box="[144,357,1714,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fruit diameter (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F95E27A5F951" box="[425,931,1714,1737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">3.8–4.6</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F95E21A6F951" box="[952,1440,1714,1737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">2.9–3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F93E21A6F971" box="[144,1440,1746,1769]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<th id="1054404752649DB430A9F93E257AF971" box="[144,380,1746,1769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624830A9F93E2539F970" bold="true" box="[144,319,1746,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tepal persistence</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F93E27A5F971" box="[425,931,1746,1769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tepal present and fruit exposed to the tepal for 2–3</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F93E21A6F971" box="[952,1440,1746,1769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tepal present and fruit beyond the tepal for 2–3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5385293B52649DB430A9F91C21A6F89E" box="[144,1440,1776,1798]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="1054404752649DB43190F91C27A5F89E" box="[425,931,1776,1798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">times</td>
<td id="1054404752649DB43381F91C21A6F89E" box="[952,1440,1776,1798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">times</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F2526462483084F8DE24BBF80C" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B79526462483084F8DE24BBF80C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1842,2048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B526462483084F8DE25E6F8D4" bold="true" box="[189,480,1842,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—Tetraploid form of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA5264624832E1F8DF2005F8D4" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" box="[728,1027,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5264624832E1F8DF2005F8D4" box="[728,1027,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the barren hillside and rock piles in southwest
<collectingCountry id="95A26BE95264624831A0F8BA25D9F8E8" box="[409,479,1878,1904]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">China</collectingCountry>
, especially the junction area of
<collectingRegion id="2F71E59B526462483377F8BA278EF8E8" box="[846,904,1878,1904]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Tibet</collectingRegion>
and Yunan. It grows at elevation
<quantity id="2A4D869C526462483537F8BA21AAF8E8" box="[1294,1452,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" unit="m" value="2350.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="2200.0">2200–2500 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F2526462483084F87220F8F798" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B79526462483084F8722023F820" blockId="3.[136,1452,1842,2048]" box="[189,1061,1950,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B526462483084F872253FF820" bold="true" box="[189,313,1950,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Flowering time July–September; fruiting time August–October.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED0A2B79526462483084F82E20F8F798" blockId="3.[136,1452,1842,2048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B526462483084F82E2546F844" bold="true" box="[189,320,1986,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Pollination</emphasis>
:—Two years of field cultivated experiments stated that the inheritance of tetraploid form of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA526462483510F82F252CF798" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B526462483510F82F252CF798" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was stable, it is self-pollination and could fruits normally without manual intervention.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25263624F3084FF722129FE98" pageId="4" pageNumber="206" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795263624F3084FF722129FE98" blockId="4.[136,1451,158,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="206">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5263624F3084FF7225DEFF20" bold="true" box="[189,472,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="206">Morphological remarks</emphasis>
:—Based on the observation under the wild and field environment, tetraploid and diploid forms of
<taxonomicName id="2AB550FA5263624F30D7FF2F261FFF44" authorityName="Ohnishi" authorityYear="1998" box="[238,537,194,220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homotropicum">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5263624F30D7FF2F261FFF44" box="[238,537,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="206">Fagopyrum homotropicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are quite similar in morphological characters, both of them being homostyled, the characters of flower organs are undifferentiated while the shape and size of grains have a small difference.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5AF78F25263624F3084FEE62061FEBC" box="[189,1127,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="206" type="description">
<paragraph id="ED0A2B795263624F3084FEE62061FEBC" blockId="4.[136,1451,158,292]" box="[189,1127,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="206">
<emphasis id="DFC1F76B5263624F3084FEE625C8FEBC" bold="true" box="[189,462,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="206">Chromosome numbers</emphasis>
:—Tetraploids with 2n=4x=32, diploids 2n=2x=16 (
<figureCitation id="758E37FC5263624F342CFEE6205CFEBC" box="[1045,1114,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[136,229,2064,2086]" captionTargetId="figure-106@4.[410,1177,1295,2040]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Chromosome analysis of Tetraploid form of Fagopyrum homotropicum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794232/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="206">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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