132 lines
16 KiB
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132 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.112.1753" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8a8b0bc5-87ca-421b-9049-061221979e02" ID-PMC="PMC3187643" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-112-21" ID-PubMed="21976987" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-112-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Megalommum Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae); a parasitoid of the pistachio longhorn beetle (Calchaenesthes pistacivora Holzschuh; Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) in Iran" checkinTime="1451250239487" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="van Achterberg, C. & Mehrnejad, M. R." docDate="2011" docId="6280595EE28028E3DF5944A75668C2FE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 112: 21-38" docOrigin="ZooKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.112.1753" docTitle="Megalommum pistacivorae Achterberg & Mehrnejad, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFCBFFDEFFA906375A4D095DFF81FFF8" masterDocTitle="A new species of Megalommum Szepligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae); a parasitoid of the pistachio longhorn beetle (Calchaenesthes pistacivora Holzschuh; Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) in Iran" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1668151748396" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Megalommum Szepligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae); a parasitoid of the pistachio longhorn beetle (Calchaenesthes pistacivora Holzschuh; Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) in Iran</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Achterberg, C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mehrnejad, M. R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>112</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>21</mods:start>
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<mods:end>38</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.112.1753</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.112.1753</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-112-21</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030000" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:16F7B146-34DD-40BB-A3CF-CA5D7806C8A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6280595EE28028E3DF5944A75668C2FE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:16F7B146-34DD-40BB-A3CF-CA5D7806C8A4
" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Megalommum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalommum pistacivorae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivorae">Megalommum pistacivorae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="24">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–316–2074–">-316-2074-</normalizedToken>
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76
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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Holotype, ♀ (RMNH), "Iran, Sirjan, ex
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Calchaenesthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calchaenesthes pistacivora" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivora">Calchaenesthes pistacivora</taxonomicName>
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(Ceramb.) on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pistacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pistacia vera" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vera">Pistacia vera</taxonomicName>
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, em. 14.iv.2007, M.R. Mehrnejad,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="RMNH’08”">RMNH'08"</normalizedToken>
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. Paratypes (3 ♀ + 4 ♂; RMNH): 1 ♂ topotypical and from same host, but emerged 12.xi.2007; 2 ♀ "Iran, Sirjan, 14.v.2009, at light, M.R. Mehrnejad,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="RMNH’09”">RMNH'09"</normalizedToken>
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; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂, id., but 17.v.2009; 2 ♂, id., but 30.iv.2009.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Body yellowish- or orange-brown; hind femur and coxa dark brown (Figs 1, 20); pterostigma medially (near vein r) partly yellow (Figs 2, 74, 75); OOL of ♀ slightly longer (Fig. 16); vein CU1b of fore wing triangular, strongly widened basally and weakly reclivous (Figs 2, 74, 75); vein 3-CU1 of fore wing 2-3 times as long as vein CU1b; vein 1-M of fore wing 1.4-2.2 times as long as vein 1-CU1 (Figs 2, 74, 75); vein 2-1A distinctly bent (Fig. 2); hind femur rather slender (Fig. 20); medio-basal area of second metasomal tergite smooth and slightly longer than half length of tergite (Figs 2, 18, 19); ovipositor sheath 0.25 times as long as fore wing and half as long as metasoma.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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Figures 1-6. 1-3:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Megalommum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalommum pistacivorae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivorae">Megalommum pistacivorae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., holotype female. 1 habitus dorsal (scale line = 1 mm) 2 wings and metasoma dorsal 3 head anterior. 4-6: Old
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pistacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pistacia khinjuk" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khinjuk">Pistacia khinjuk</taxonomicName>
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tree. 4 infested tree 5 old emergence holes of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Calchaenesthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calchaenesthes pistacivora" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivora">Calchaenesthes pistacivora</taxonomicName>
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6 tunnel of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Calchaenesthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calchaenesthes pistacivora" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivora">Calchaenesthes pistacivora</taxonomicName>
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with closed cocoon of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Megalommum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalommum pistacivorae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivorae">Megalommum pistacivorae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Holotype, ♀, length of body 7.6 mm, of fore wing 7.3 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="25" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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. Antenna about as long as fore wing, with 61 segments; apical antennal segment with distinct spine and slender, scapus robust and distinctly protruding apically, its inner aspect with minute double margin apically; third, fourth and penultimate segments 1.2, 0.9 and 1.6 times their maximum width, respectively; length of maxillary palp 0.9 times height of head; eye distinctly emarginate (Fig. 3); face narrow and irregularly rugulose; clypeus flat, partly smooth and with some microsculpture, dorsally with angled carina and ventral margin thin and lamelliform, with 5 long setae ventrally; hypoclypeal depression 0.7 times as wide as minimum width of face (Fig. 3); frons moderately concave behind antennal sockets, smooth, without median carina (Fig. 16); vertex slightly convex, smooth, sparsely setose and stemmaticum protruding and surrounded by a groove; OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 5:10:4; in dorsal view length of eye 5.2 times temple; temples directly narrowed behind eyes and smooth (Fig 16); malar suture absent, eye almost touching base of mandible; mandible strongly twisted and unidentate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.6 times its height; side of pronotum and propleuron smooth, except for some indistinct fine crenulae anteriorly and some punctulation posteriorly; pronotum vertical anteriorly and with a shallow groove and no antescutal depression; mesopleuron smooth, setose, except for a medial glabrous area; mesosternal sulcus smooth and narrow; metapleuron punctulate, convex; mesoscutum nearly completely sparsely punctulate and setose; notauli only present anteriorly and shallowly impressed; scutellar sulcus present and with distinct fine crenulae; scutellum weakly convex and sparsely punctulate; side of scutellum smooth; metanotum medio-anteriorly with carina, posteriorly evenly convex and smooth; propodeum smooth, setose and evenly convex.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Wings. Fore wing (Figs 1, 2): 1-M 1.8 times as long as 1-CU1; m-cu widened and 1.1 times as long as 1-M; first subdiscal cell with narrow and glabrous sclerome; 3-SR and SR1 weakly curved; r:3-SR:SR1 = 2:5:13; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 18:25:19; r-m largely unsclerotised; wide ring around dark patch of first subdiscal cell glabrous, but posteriorly setose; CU1b triangular and strongly widened basally. Hind wing: SR sinuate and marginal cell somewhat widened apically; subbasal cell setose; 1r-m weakly curved; M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 6:18:5.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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Legs. Tarsal claws simple and with bristly setae ventrally; hind femur slender (Fig. 20) compared to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Megalommum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalommum jacobsoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">Megalommum jacobsoni</taxonomicName>
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; length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.9, 10.0 and 4.7 times their maximum width, respectively; hind tibia with dense adpressed setae; hind tibial spurs 0.5 and 0.6 times as long as hind basitarsus; inner side of hind tibia and tarsus with dense long whitish setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.1 times its apical width, parallel-sided, dorso-lateral carinae strong behind spiracles and medial area longitudinally rugose; second tergite smooth except for crenulae near distinct triangular medio-basal area, area surrounded by crenulate groove and tergite antero-laterally with small triangular smooth areas (Fig. 18); second suture distinct and weakly sinuate and finely crenulate; medial length of second tergite 1.2 times median length of third tergite; third and following tergites smooth; ovipositor depressed, without notch or nodus dorsally and without ventral teeth, apically narrowed (Fig. 76); ovipositor straight, its sheath 0.25 times as long as fore wing
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="26" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Colour. Yellowish-brown; antenna, hind femur dorsally, hind tibia and tarsus and ovipositor sheath, black; fore and middle femora, tibiae and tarsi, and remainder of hind leg more or less dark brown; most veins of basal half of wing, sclerome of first subdiscal cell and apical 0.6 of pterostigma largely dark brown (Fig. 2), vein 1-R1 of fore wing yellowish and remainder of veins brown; wing membrane moderately infuscate, below parastigma and patch in first subdiscal cell dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Variation. Length of body of ♀ 6.7-8.7 mm (of ♂ 5.2-7.3 mm), and of fore wing of ♀ 6.7-8.1 mm (of ♂ 4.3-6.4 mm); antenna of ♀ with 54 (1), 61 (1) or 65 (1) segments, of ♂ with 44 (1), 47 (1), 51 (1) or 52 (1) segments; vein 1-M of fore wing 1.4-2.2 times as long as vein 1-CU1; vein 3-SR of fore wing 1.4-1.7 times vein 2-SR; body completely reddish-, orange or yellowish-brown; basal 0.4 of pterostigma largely yellowish or darkened and only with yellowish basal patch; hind coxa and femur largely dark brown to largely brown; length of first tergite 1.1-1.3 times its apical width; second metasomal suture weakly to strongly crenulate; second, third and base of fourth metasomal tergites of ♂ finely rugulose, but sometimes only superficially so and partly smooth; length of ovipositor sheath 0.25-0.26 times fore wing.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">South Palaearctic (Iran).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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Solitary and possibly endoparasitoid of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Calchaenesthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calchaenesthes pistacivora" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacivora">Calchaenesthes pistacivora</taxonomicName>
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Holzschuh (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName family="Cerambycidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="family">Cerambycidae</taxonomicName>
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) on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pistacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pistacia vera" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vera">Pistacia vera</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pistacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pistacia atlantica" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atlantica">Pistacia atlantica</taxonomicName>
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subsp. mutica (Fischer & C.A. Meyer) and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pistacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pistacia khinjuk" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khinjuk">Pistacia khinjuk</taxonomicName>
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Stocks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Named after the specific name of its host.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |