1178 lines
129 KiB
XML
1178 lines
129 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8FAAA27BF555BB5A50BC7DC56F6A15B7">A new species of Osteocephalus (Anura: Hylidae) from Amazonian Bolivia: first evidence of tree frog breeding in fruit capsules of the Brazil nut tree</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC479651956539A9BBB84C9B4D716A0A">Moravec, Ji Ř Í</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F5C7CA381903AA9D8BA390B99C781979">Aparicio, James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="54F5DF0C4E646F99681D29274C40DF7D">Guerrero-Reinhard, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1ED952060275506430153A456D05DCB7">Calderón, Gonzalo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7AE208999C18AED6E88C55CE045613C6">Jungfer, Karl-Heinz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="060C7556DC5C7B8CD864CBD956F4B712">Gvoždík, Václav</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="FF367BE0C637D162D58AAAFD21A6BFA8">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="495587FBDD51E134FF0BFA7C19D3D5E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5621756" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119623283" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5621756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:495587FBDD51E134FF0BFA7C19D3D5E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/495587FBDD51E134FF0BFA7C19D3D5E9" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="89E66566DD51E13EFF0BFA7C1CE0D411" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C14336EDDD51E13EFF0BFA7C1F55D434" blockId="6.[151,557,1511,1572]" box="[151,557,1511,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="9A0B8181DD51E13EFF0BFA7C1F55D434" bold="true" box="[151,557,1511,1537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFF0BFA7C1F55D434" bold="true" box="[151,557,1511,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD51E13EFF0BFA7C1C9BD434" ID-CoL="75BMP" box="[151,483,1511,1537]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFF0BFA7C1C9BD434" bold="true" box="[151,483,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD51E13EFE77FA7C1F55D434" box="[491,557,1511,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C14336EDDD51E13EFF0BF9911CE0D411" blockId="6.[151,557,1511,1572]" box="[151,408,1546,1572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD51E13EFF0BF9911D9FD411" box="[151,231,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1666]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (NMP 6 V 73810 / 2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (F) Adult male of Osteocephalus sp. (B) (NMP 6 V 73105) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(A–E), 3(A–B)
|
||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="89E66566DD51E13EFF0BF9CC19DAD539" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C14336EDDD51E13EFF0BF9CC1E1AD48B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1623,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFF0BF9CC1C69D444" bold="true" box="[151,273,1623,1649]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD51E13EFF0BF9CC1C74D444" box="[151,268,1623,1649]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="A7EDAE28DD51E13EFE85F9CC1C29D444" box="[281,337,1623,1649]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">CBF</collectionCode>
|
||
6051, adult male from the vicinity of the settlement of San Antonio de Filadelfia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A4C8502ADD51E13EFAB0F9CC18EED444" box="[1324,1430,1623,1649]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" precision="925" value="-11.3">11°18’ S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="A4C8502ADD51E13EFF0BF9E51C77D4AD" box="[151,271,1662,1688]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" precision="925" value="-67.38333">67°23’ W</geoCoordinate>
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||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD51E13EFEDAF9E51CEBD4AD" box="[326,403,1662,1688]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., Provincia Manuripi, Departamento Pando,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD51E13EFC6DF9E51935D4AD" box="[1009,1101,1662,1688]" name="Bolivia" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected on
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD51E13EFB6BF9E51DAAD48B" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="2007-11-22">22 November 2007</date>
|
||
by J. Moravec, M. Guerrero-Reinhard and G. Calderón.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD51E13EFF5AF95019DAD539" blockId="6.[151,1437,1623,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFF5AF9501CFAD4D0" bold="true" box="[198,386,1739,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Paratopotypes.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="A7EDAE28DD51E13EFE10F9501CB5D4D0" box="[396,461,1739,1765]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fx6k-enrh" name="Natal Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">NMP</collectionCode>
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD51E13EFE51F9501C97D4D0" box="[461,495,1739,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD51E13EFE46F9501C97D4D0" box="[474,495,1739,1765]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73810" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73810/1–3, two adult males and an adult female, same locality and collecting data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD51E13EFF73F9691C21D539" box="[239,345,1778,1804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="A7EDAE28DD51E13EFEF9F9691CE5D539" box="[357,413,1778,1804]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">CBF</collectionCode>
|
||
6052, adult female, same locality and collecting data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD51E13EFBA8F96919E6D539" box="[1076,1182,1778,1804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="89E66566DD51E13EFF0BF8831CC1D593" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C14336EDDD51E13EFF0BF8831CC1D593" blockId="6.[151,1437,1623,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFF0BF8831C66D507" bold="true" box="[151,286,1816,1842]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD51E13EFF0BF8831C61D507" box="[151,281,1816,1842]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CBF 6053–6054, adult male and adult female from San Antonio del Matti,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A4C8502ADD51E13EFB25F8831864D507" box="[1209,1308,1816,1842]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" precision="925" value="-11.5">11°30’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A4C8502ADD51E13EFAB6F88318EFD507" box="[1322,1431,1816,1842]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" precision="925" value="-68.88333">68°53’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD51E13EFF5EF8A41C76D56C" box="[194,270,1855,1881]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., Provincia Manuripi, Departamento Pando,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD51E13EFCF7F8A41EBFD56C" box="[875,967,1855,1881]" name="Bolivia" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected on
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD51E13EFBECF8A41822D56C" box="[1136,1370,1855,1881]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="2007-11-27">27 November 2007</date>
|
||
by J. Moravec, M. Guerrero-Reinhard and G. Calderón; NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD51E13EFCB2F8FD1E28D5B5" box="[814,848,1894,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD51E13EFCA7F8FD1E28D5B5" box="[827,848,1894,1920]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73820" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73820, adult female, same locality and collecting data as CBF 6053–6054.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="89E66566DD51E130FF5AF8281F9DD590" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD51E13FFF5AF8281EE0D110" blockId="6.[151,1437,1623,2036]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,2004]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFF5AF8281C3ED5F8" bold="true" box="[198,326,1971,1997]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A medium-sized species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD51E13EFD00F8281E31D5F9" box="[668,841,1971,1996]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD51E13EFD00F8281E31D5F9" box="[668,841,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Osteocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as revealed from mtDNA analyses, which can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: (1) medium size, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD51E13EFBEAF841185ED5C1" box="[1142,1318,2010,2036]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.955" metricValueMax="5.13" metricValueMin="4.779999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="49.55" valueMax="51.3" valueMin="47.8">47.8–51.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males,
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFF0BFF031C3AD287" box="[151,322,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.33" metricValueMin="4.77" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="55.5" valueMax="63.3" valueMin="47.7">47.7–63.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females; (2) snout rounded in dorsal view, rounded and slightly inclined posteroventrally in lateral view; (3) canthus rostralis distinct, angular, distinctly curved medially; loreal region concave; (4) low frontoparietal ridges well-marked in large individuals; (5) tympanum large, round to oval, about 62.5–76.5% of eye diameter, tympanic annulus distinct; supratympanic fold markedly developed; (6) vocal slits absent, vocal sac indistinct; (7) vomerine odontophores large, prominent, angular, narrowly separated or in contact medially, between oblique choanae, bearing 6–14 vomerine teeth each; (8) skin on dorsal surfaces with numerous minute tubercles; (9) low tarsal and ulnar tubercles present, slightly larger than dorsal tubercles; (10) axillary membrane absent; (11) basal webbing on hand [webbing formula II (2– –2+)—(3– –3+) III (3– –3)— (2 2/3–3–) IV]; toes about three fourths webbed [webbing formula I (1–1 1/4)—(1 2/3–2–) II (1–1+)—(2– –2) III (1– 1+)—(1 2/3–2) IV (1 2/3–2–)—(1– –1) V]; (12) single round distal subarticular tubercle under the fourth finger; (13) dark keratinous excrescences restricted to prepollex; (14) in life, dorsum tan, pale brown to purple brown, with scarce narrow irregular dark brown markings; a narrow pale supralabial line expanding in a subocular spot; flanks pale, without markings; hidden surfaces of thighs light brown; throat and belly creamy white; a narrow dark line along the mandible; ventral surfaces of thighs fleshy pink; iris bicoloured with a dark horizontal stripe, golden above, bronze below, both parts with fine dark reticulate to radiate lines; tibiae green or white; (15) in life, newly metamorphosed juveniles light brown dorsally, with a dark interorbital spot, bright orange iris, and creamy white upper arms, knees and heels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD50E130FF5AFCAA1ED2D631" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2004]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,152,1957]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFF5AFCAA1C0BD17E" bold="true" box="[198,371,817,843]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphologically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFDD3FCA91E70D17E" box="[591,776,818,843]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFDD3FCA91E70D17E" box="[591,776,818,843]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFDD3FCA91F1FD17E" box="[591,615,818,843]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all other Amazonian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFF26FCC21C0BD147" box="[186,371,857,882]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFF26FCC21C0BD147" box="[186,371,857,882]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Osteocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by absence of vocal slits and by the following combinations of characters: from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFAE2FCC21C53D1AD" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alboguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFAE2FCC21C53D1AD" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFAE2FCC218E0D147" box="[1406,1432,857,882]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. alboguttatus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by more extensive webbing and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFCEBFCE41948D1AD" box="[887,1072,895,920]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alboguttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFCEBFCE41948D1AD" box="[887,1072,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFCEBFCE41EE8D1AD" box="[887,912,895,920]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. alboguttatus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: toes two thirds webbed, light brown dorsum with small blackish dots, flanks and upper surface of thighs with small round white spots, beneath whitish with dark reticulation) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFDE7FC571E39D1D3" author="Boulenger" box="[635,833,972,998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum. Ed. 2., (reprinted: Wheldon & Wesley, ltd. and Verlag J. Cramer, 1966), London, 503 pp." type="book" year="1882">Boulenger 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFCD1FC571974D1D3" author="Duellman" box="[845,1036,972,998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. (1978) The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Miscellaneous Publications, The University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History, 65, 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1978">Duellman 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFBF8FC561996D1D3" box="[1124,1262,973,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buckleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFBF8FC561996D1D3" box="[1124,1262,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFBF8FC561905D1D3" box="[1124,1149,973,998]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. buckleyi
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by absence of large tarsal tubercles, absence of patagium and by eye colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFC4FFC681926D639" box="[979,1118,1011,1036]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buckleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFC4FFC681926D639" box="[979,1118,1011,1036]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFC4FFC681E94D639" box="[979,1004,1011,1036]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. buckleyi
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: large tubercles along the tarsus, well developed patagium, light iris without conspicuous dark pattern) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFBD9FB811873D601" author="Boulenger" box="[1093,1291,1050,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum. Ed. 2., (reprinted: Wheldon & Wesley, ltd. and Verlag J. Cramer, 1966), London, 503 pp." type="book" year="1882">Boulenger 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFA8BFB811C60D66E" author="Cochran" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. & Goin, C. J. (1970) Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin, 288, 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran & Goin 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; examined specimens listed in the Appendix); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFC1FFBDA1973D66F" box="[899,1035,1089,1114]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabrerai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFC1FFBDA1973D66F" box="[899,1035,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFC1FFBDA1EE3D66F" box="[899,923,1089,1114]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. cabrerai
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by absence of large dorsal, ulnar and tarsal tubercles, absence of patagium and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFCE7FBF3197DD6B4" box="[891,1029,1128,1153]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabrerai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFCE7FBF3197DD6B4" box="[891,1029,1128,1153]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFCE7FBF31EECD6B4" box="[891,916,1128,1153]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. cabrerai
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: large wart-like tubercles on head and dorsum, large tubercles along the ulna and tarsus, small patagium, irregularly mottled dorsal pattern, light iris with very fine vermiculation) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFDB2FB2F1836D6FB" author="Cochran" box="[558,1358,1204,1230]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. & Goin, C. J. (1970) Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin, 288, 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran & Goin 1970; examined specimens listed in the Appendix</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFF0BFB401CA6D6C0" authority="Cochran & Goin" authorityName="Cochran & Goin" box="[151,478,1243,1269]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFF0BFB401D80D6C1" box="[151,248,1243,1268]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFF0BFB401DC8D6C1" box="[151,176,1243,1268]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. carri
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Cochran & Goin)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFD34FB401E71D6C1" box="[680,777,1243,1268]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFD34FB401E71D6C1" box="[680,777,1243,1268]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFD34FB401FB9D6C1" box="[680,705,1243,1268]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. carri
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: dense large irregular dark spots on the dorsum, black spots on flanks, fuscous throat and chest) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFD00FA991EC9D729" author="Cochran" box="[668,945,1282,1308]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. & Goin, C. J. (1970) Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin, 288, 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran & Goin 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFB95FA9919EFD72E" box="[1033,1175,1282,1307]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="deridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFB95FA9919EFD72E" box="[1033,1175,1282,1307]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFB95FA99195AD72E" box="[1033,1058,1282,1307]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. deridens
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by larger size and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFEB1FAB21CCED777" box="[301,438,1321,1346]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="deridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFEB1FAB21CCED777" box="[301,438,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFEB1FAB21C3DD777" box="[301,325,1321,1346]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. deridens
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFDD9FAB21FD6D776" box="[581,686,1321,1347]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4899999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="34.9">34.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males and
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFCD3FAB21EC0D776" box="[847,952,1321,1347]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.06" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="50.6">50.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females, dorsum light or dark tan with or without irregular darker or lighter markings, golden yellow iris with a dark horizontal stripe and regular dark radiation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFECCFAED1F43D7A5" author="Jungfer" box="[336,571,1398,1424]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H., Ron, S., Seipp, R. & Almendariz, A. (2000) Two new species of hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus, from Amazonian Ecuador. Amphibia-Reptilia, 21, 327 - 340." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Jungfer
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFE29FAED1C8AD7BA" box="[437,498,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; examined specimens listed in the Appendix); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFB29FAED1D88D783" authority="Henle" authorityName="Henle" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elkejungingerae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFB29FAED18E4D7BA" box="[1205,1436,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFB29FAED19B6D7BA" box="[1205,1230,1398,1423]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. elkejungingerae
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Henle)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFD0BFA061E00D783" box="[663,888,1437,1462]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elkejungingerae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFD0BFA061E00D783" box="[663,888,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFD0BFA061FD7D783" box="[663,687,1437,1462]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. elkejungingerae
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: conspicuous tubercles with keratinized tips in breeding males, dorsum with broad light dorsolateral stripes in juvenile and subadult specimens (Henle
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFAFDFA5818E4D7E9" box="[1377,1436,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1983;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFF7DFA711CB8D431" author="Jungfer" box="[225,448,1514,1540]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H., Ron, S., Seipp, R. & Almendariz, A. (2000) Two new species of hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus, from Amazonian Ecuador. Amphibia-Reptilia, 21, 327 - 340." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Jungfer
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFEDCFA711C03D436" box="[320,379,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; examined specimens listed in the Appendix); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFBB9FA7119BDD436" box="[1061,1221,1514,1539]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscifacies">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFBB9FA7119BDD436" box="[1061,1221,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFBB9FA711945D436" box="[1061,1085,1514,1539]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. fuscifacies
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by larger size and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFECDF98A1C88D41F" box="[337,496,1553,1578]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscifacies">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFECDF98A1C88D41F" box="[337,496,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFECDF98A1C11D41F" box="[337,361,1553,1578]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. fuscifacies
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFDE2F98A1F9ED41E" box="[638,742,1553,1579]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.56" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="45.6">45.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males and
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFC1BF98A1EA0D41E" box="[903,984,1553,1579]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35128" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="53.2">53.2 in</quantity>
|
||
females, dorsum light or dark tan with or without irregular darker or lighter markings, light subocular spot absent, venter dark with creamy white granules or creamy white, golden iris with a dark horizontal stripe and regular dark radiation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFB61F9C51DAED4AB" author="Jungfer" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H., Ron, S., Seipp, R. & Almendariz, A. (2000) Two new species of hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus, from Amazonian Ecuador. Amphibia-Reptilia, 21, 327 - 340." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Jungfer
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFAFCF9C518E4D442" box="[1376,1436,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; examined specimens listed in the Appendix); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFCD4F91E1972D4AB" authority="Lynch" authorityName="Lynch" box="[840,1034,1668,1694]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFCD4F91E1EC0D4AB" box="[840,952,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFCD4F91E1E19D4AB" box="[840,865,1669,1694]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. heyeri
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lynch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by larger size and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFF3DF9301C68D4F1" box="[161,272,1707,1732]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFF3DF9301C68D4F1" box="[161,272,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFF3DF9301DC2D4F1" box="[161,186,1707,1732]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. heyeri
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFE39F9301F77D4F0" box="[421,527,1707,1733]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="36.1">36.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males and
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFD2BF9301E59D4F0" box="[695,801,1707,1733]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="47.7">47.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females, dorsum brown with darker markings and pale spots, flanks with pale spots, hidden surfaces of limbs dark brown with pale spots, iris dark) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFAD2F9491DAFD526" author="Lynch" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Lynch, J. D. (2002) A new species of the genus Osteocephalus (Hylidae: Anura) from the western Amazon. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, 26, 289 - 292." type="journal article" year="2002">Lynch 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFEB6F9621F14D526" authority="Jungfer & Lehr" authorityName="Jungfer & Lehr" box="[298,620,1785,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leoninae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFEB6F9621CCAD527" box="[298,434,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFEB6F9621C3AD527" box="[298,322,1785,1810]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. leoninae
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Jungfer & Lehr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by larger size and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFB9CF96219F1D527" box="[1024,1161,1785,1810]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leoninae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFB9CF96219F1D527" box="[1024,1161,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFB9CF9621960D527" box="[1024,1048,1785,1810]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. leoninae
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to 42.0 mm in males and
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD50E13FFE8BF8841CFAD50C" box="[279,386,1823,1849]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.32" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="53.2">53.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females, upper part of iris yellow without dark markings, unpigmented nuptial pads, bold dorsal pattern) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFE0EF8DD1FECD555" author="Jungfer" box="[402,660,1862,1888]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Lehr, E. (2001) A new species of Osteocephalus with bicoloured iris from Pozuzo (Peru: Departamento de Pasco) (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae). Zoologische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 51, 321 - 329." type="journal article" year="2001">Jungfer & Lehr 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFD3EF8DD1EF0D555" author="Chavez" box="[674,904,1862,1888]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Chavez, G., Medina-Muller, M. & Pereyra, A. (2008) Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae, Osteocephalus leoniae: Distribution extension. Check List, 4, 401 - 403." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Chávez
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFC9FF8DD1E38D56A" box="[771,832,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFC7CF8DD190FD56A" box="[992,1143,1862,1887]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leprieurii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFC7CF8DD190FD56A" box="[992,1143,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFC7CF8DD1E81D56A" box="[992,1017,1862,1887]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. leprieurii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by nuptial excrescences restricted to prepollex, skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFCCEF8F61E96D5B3" box="[850,1006,1901,1926]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leprieurii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFCCEF8F61E96D5B3" box="[850,1006,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFCCEF8F61E14D5B3" box="[850,876,1901,1926]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. leprieurii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: prepollical and subdigital nuptial excrescences, numerous conspicuous tubercles with keratinized tips in breeding males, golden iris with dark vermiculation, white supralabial stripe in juveniles) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD50E13FFC99F8211970D5E1" author="Jungfer" box="[773,1032,1978,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Hodl, W. (2002) A new species of Osteocephalus from Ecuador and a redescription of O. leprieurii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 23, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2002">Jungfer & Hödl 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD50E13FFBC1F821199DD5E6" box="[1117,1253,1978,2003]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutabor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD50E13FFBC1F821199DD5E6" box="[1117,1253,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD50E13FFBC1F821190DD5E6" box="[1117,1141,1978,2003]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. mutabor
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FE11FF031F61D284" box="[397,537,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutabor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FE11FF031F61D284" box="[397,537,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FE11FF031CDED284" box="[397,422,152,177]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. mutabor
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: numerous conspicuous tubercles with keratinized tips in breeding males, bold dark transverse markings, golden yellow iris with dark vermiculation, white dorsolateral stripes in juveniles) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE81FF7E193DD2CA" author="Jungfer" box="[285,1093,229,255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Hodl, W. (2002) A new species of Osteocephalus from Ecuador and a redescription of O. leprieurii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 23, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2002">Jungfer & Hödl 2002; examined specimens listed in the Appendix</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB00FF7E184DD2CB" box="[1180,1333,229,254]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oophagus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB00FF7E184DD2CB" box="[1180,1333,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FB00FF7E19CDD2CB" box="[1180,1205,229,254]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. oophagus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by head shape and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FE7DFE971F07D310" box="[481,639,268,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oophagus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FE7DFE971F07D310" box="[481,639,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FE7DFE971C82D310" box="[481,506,268,293]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. oophagus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: truncate snout in dorsal view, white mottling or reticulation on posterior half of the flanks, golden iris with regular black radiation, orange spots on elbow, knee and heel in juveniles) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE86FEC21926D346" author="Jungfer" box="[282,1118,345,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Schiesari, L. C. (1995) Description of a central Amazonian and Guianan tree frog, genus Osteocephalus (Anura, Hylidae), with oophagous tadpoles. Alytes, 13, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1995">Jungfer & Schiesari 1995; examined specimens listed in the Appendix</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB2FFEC21847D347" box="[1203,1343,345,370]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pearsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB2FFEC21847D347" box="[1203,1343,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FB2FFEC219B3D347" box="[1203,1227,345,370]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. pearsoni
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FE40FE1B1F1ED3AC" box="[476,614,384,409]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pearsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FE40FE1B1F1ED3AC" box="[476,614,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FE40FE1B1C8CD3AC" box="[476,500,384,409]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. pearsoni
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: small nonspinous tubercles in males, black reticulation on the venter, dark iris) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE8FFE3D1F45D3F5" author="Trueb" box="[275,573,422,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FDD5FE3D1E04D3F5" author="Jungfer" box="[585,892,422,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Schiesari, L. C. (1995) Description of a central Amazonian and Guianan tree frog, genus Osteocephalus (Anura, Hylidae), with oophagous tadpoles. Alytes, 13, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1995">Jungfer & Schiesari 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FC15FE3D19F1D3F5" author="Jungfer" box="[905,1161,422,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Lehr, E. (2001) A new species of Osteocephalus with bicoloured iris from Pozuzo (Peru: Departamento de Pasco) (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae). Zoologische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 51, 321 - 329." type="journal article" year="2001">Jungfer & Lehr 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB7CFE3C180ED3F5" box="[1248,1398,423,448]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB7CFE3C180ED3F5" box="[1248,1398,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FB7CFE3C1981D3F5" box="[1248,1273,423,448]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. planiceps
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smaller size, skin texture, keratinous excrescences restricted on prepollex and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB61FE5618EBD3D3" box="[1277,1427,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB61FE5618EBD3D3" box="[1277,1427,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FB61FE56186ED3D3" box="[1277,1302,461,486]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. planiceps
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5FE130FE87FE6F1CFCD03B" box="[283,388,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.59" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="65.9">65.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males and
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5FE130FDB6FE6F1FEBD03B" box="[554,659,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.82" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="88.2">88.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females, numerous conspicuous tubercles with keratinized tips in breeding males, keratinous excrescences extending laterally to disc of thumb, dark spots on flanks, iris with regular black radiation) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE4BFDDA1F10D06E" author="Cope" box="[471,616,577,603]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Cope, E. D. (1874) On some Batrachia and Nematognathi brought from the upper Amazon by Prof. Orton. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 26, 120 - 137." type="journal article" year="1874">Cope 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FDEAFDDA1E8CD06E" author="Duellman" box="[630,1012,577,603]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Mendelson, J. R. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles from northern Departamento Loreto, Peru: taxonomy and biogeography. University Kansas Science Bulletin, 55, 329 - 376." type="journal article" year="1995">Duellman & Mendelson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FB9FFDDA186CD06E" author="Jungfer" box="[1027,1300,577,603]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Lehr, E. (2001) A new species of Osteocephalus with bicoloured iris from Pozuzo (Peru: Departamento de Pasco) (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae). Zoologische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 51, 321 - 329." type="journal article" year="2001">Jungfer & Lehr 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, examined specimens listed in the Appendix); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FDE7FDF31E99D0B7" authority="Martins & Cardoso" authorityName="Martins & Cardoso" box="[635,993,616,642]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FDE7FDF31F8CD0B4" box="[635,756,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FDE7FDF31FEBD0B4" box="[635,659,616,641]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. subtilis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Martins & Cardoso
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by larger size and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FAE3FDF31D93D09D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FAE3FDF31D93D09D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FAE3FDF318EFD0B4" box="[1407,1431,616,641]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. subtilis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5FE130FEE1FD151C9DD09D" box="[381,485,654,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.88" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="38.8">38.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males, dark iris) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FD44FD15197AD09D" author="Martins" box="[728,1026,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Martins, M. & Cardoso, A. J. (1987) Novas especies de hilidos do Estado do Acre (Amphibia: Anura). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 47, 549 - 558." type="journal article" year="1987">Martins & Cardoso 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FBC4FD1419A6D09D" box="[1112,1246,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FBC4FD1419A6D09D" box="[1112,1246,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FBC4FD141908D09D" box="[1112,1136,655,680]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. taurinus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smaller size, less webbing on the hands and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FD23FD2E1E3DD0FB" box="[703,837,693,718]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FD23FD2E1E3DD0FB" box="[703,837,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD23FD2E1FAFD0FB" box="[703,727,693,718]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. taurinus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL up to 81.0 mm in males and
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5FE130FB7DFD2E184AD0FA" box="[1249,1330,693,719]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3901399999999997" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="in" value="94.1">94.1 in</quantity>
|
||
females, fingers one-half webbed, dark spots on flanks, small brown flecks on the throat, chest and sides of the belly, greenish gold iris with regular black radiation) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FC93FC991C58D176" author="Duellman" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. (2005) Cuzco Amazonico. The lives of amphibians and reptiles in an Amazonian rainforest. Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press." type="book" year="2005">Duellman 2005; examined specimens listed in the Aappendix</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FEEBFCB21F64D177" box="[375,540,809,834]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verruciger">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FEEBFCB21F64D177" box="[375,540,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FEEBFCB21CE8D177" box="[375,400,809,834]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. verruciger
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FC49FCB21901D177" box="[981,1145,809,834]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verruciger">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FC49FCB21901D177" box="[981,1145,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FC49FCB21E96D177" box="[981,1006,809,834]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. verruciger
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: numerous conspicuous tubercles with keratinized tips in breeding males, uniform reddish brown iris) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FBF9FCCB18E0D15F" author="Trueb" box="[1125,1432,848,874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FF0BFCED1C07D1A5" author="Jungfer" box="[151,383,886,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H., Ron, S., Seipp, R. & Almendariz, A. (2000) Two new species of hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus, from Amazonian Ecuador. Amphibia-Reptilia, 21, 327 - 340." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Jungfer
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FF66FCEC1C4FD1A5" box="[250,311,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE10FCED1FEDD1A5" author="Jungfer" box="[396,661,886,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Hodl, W. (2002) A new species of Osteocephalus from Ecuador and a redescription of O. leprieurii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 23, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2002">Jungfer & Hödl 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FD72FCEC1E1AD1A5" box="[750,866,887,912]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yasuni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FD72FCEC1E1AD1A5" box="[750,866,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD72FCEC1E7FD1A5" box="[750,775,887,912]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. yasuni
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FA83FCEC18ECD1A5" box="[1311,1428,887,912]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yasuni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FA83FCEC18ECD1A5" box="[1311,1428,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FA83FCEC1840D1A5" box="[1311,1336,887,912]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. yasuni
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: numerous conspicuous tubercles with keratinized tips in breeding males, yellow venter in adults, iris with irregular dark reticulation, intense yellow-orange venter and webbing in juveniles) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FB0AFC5F18EFD1EB" author="Ron" box="[1174,1431,964,990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Ron, S. & Pramuk, J. B. (1999) A new species of Osteocephalus (Anura: Hylidae) from Amazonian Ecuador and Peru." type="book" year="1999">Ron & Pramuk 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FF0BFC711C0ED631" author="Jungfer" box="[151,374,1002,1028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H., Ron, S., Seipp, R. & Almendariz, A. (2000) Two new species of hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus, from Amazonian Ecuador. Amphibia-Reptilia, 21, 327 - 340." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Jungfer
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FF6AFC711C49D636" box="[246,305,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE1DFC711F06D631" author="Jungfer" box="[385,638,1002,1028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Hodl, W. (2002) A new species of Osteocephalus from Ecuador and a redescription of O. leprieurii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 23, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2002">Jungfer & Hödl 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FD16FC711EE5D631" author="Cisneros-Heredia" box="[650,925,1002,1028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Cisneros-Heredia, D. F. (2007) Notes on some Osteocephalus treefrogs from Amazonian Ecuador. Herpetozoa, 19, 183." type="journal article" year="2007">Cisneros-Heredia 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5FE130FF5AFB8A1F9DD590" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
There are seven available names in the synonymy of four
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FC10FB8A1941D61F" box="[908,1081,1041,1066]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FC10FB8A1941D61F" box="[908,1081,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Osteocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB37FB8A1DAAD667" authority="Perraca, 1904" authorityName="Perraca" authorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="festae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB37FB8A184AD61F" box="[1195,1330,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla festae</emphasis>
|
||
Perraca, 1904
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FF7DFBA31C6DD667" box="[225,277,1080,1106]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FE1FFBA31C91D667" box="[387,489,1080,1106]" name="Ecuador" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “Valle de Santiago” (= lower Río Zamora) Province of Morona-Santiago) in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FEA6FBC41CB8D64D" box="[314,448,1119,1144]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buckleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FEA6FBC41CB8D64D" box="[314,448,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FEA6FBC41C2AD64D" box="[314,338,1119,1144]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. buckleyi
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FE4CFBC41E24D64D" authority="Melin, 1941" authorityName="Melin" authorityYear="1941" box="[464,860,1118,1144]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="leprieurii" subSpecies="britti">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FE4CFBC41FBBD64D" box="[464,707,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla leprieurii britti</emphasis>
|
||
Melin, 1941
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FCF0FBC51ED8D64D" box="[876,928,1118,1144]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FB8CFBC51924D64D" box="[1040,1116,1118,1144]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “Río Uaupés (north of the Río Japú”, Amazonas) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FE41FB1E191CD6AA" authority="Gorzula & Senaris, 1997" authorityName="Gorzula & Senaris" authorityYear="1997" box="[477,1124,1157,1183]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FE41FB1E1E4CD6AB" box="[477,820,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Osteocephalus ayarzaguenai</emphasis>
|
||
Gorzula & Señaris, 1997
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FBE8FB1E19D1D6AA" box="[1140,1193,1157,1183]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FA86FB1E18E0D6AA" box="[1306,1432,1157,1183]" name="Venezuela" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “Campamento Airo, Valle del Río Karuay”, Estado Bolívar) in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FBD0FB371998D6F0" box="[1100,1248,1196,1221]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leprieurii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FBD0FB371998D6F0" box="[1100,1248,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FBD0FB37191CD6F0" box="[1100,1124,1196,1221]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. leprieurii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB73FB371F5AD6D9" authority="Steindachner, 1862" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1862" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavolineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB73FB371C4BD6D9" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Osteocephalus flavolineatus</emphasis>
|
||
Steindachner, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FDAEFB491F1FD6D9" box="[562,615,1234,1260]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD47FB491E51D6D9" box="[731,809,1234,1260]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “Cocuy” (= Cucuí), Amazonas) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB6CFB481C1CD726" authority="Andersson, 1945" authorityName="Andersson" authorityYear="1945" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB6CFB4818E5D6D9" box="[1264,1437,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla depressa</emphasis>
|
||
Andersson, 1945
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FEE9FB621CD3D726" box="[373,427,1273,1299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD83FB621FF1D726" box="[543,649,1273,1299]" name="Ecuador" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “Río Pastaza, Watershed”) in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB49FB621818D727" box="[1237,1376,1273,1298]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB49FB621818D727" box="[1237,1376,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FB49FB621996D727" box="[1237,1262,1273,1298]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. taurinus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FF0BFABB1F57D70F" authority="Andersson, 1945" authorityName="Andersson" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,559,1312,1338]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riopastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FF0BFABB1C18D70C" box="[151,352,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla riopastazae</emphasis>
|
||
Andersson, 1945
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FDA1FABB1F09D70F" box="[573,625,1312,1338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD7DFABB1E3FD70F" box="[737,839,1312,1338]" name="Ecuador" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “Baños, Río Pastaza, Provincia Tungurahua”) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FF0BFADC1C8FD755" authority="Funkhouser, 1956" authorityName="Funkhouser" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,503,1350,1376]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orcesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FF0BFADC1C66D755" box="[151,286,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla orcesi</emphasis>
|
||
Funkhouser, 1956
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FD99FADD1F41D755" box="[517,569,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD3BFADD1E75D755" box="[679,781,1350,1376]" name="Ecuador" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: “[Río] Pacayacu, a stream that flows into the Cotapino, drainage of the Suno, Río Napo region”) in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FCF3FAF61976D7B3" box="[879,1038,1389,1414]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verruciger">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FCF3FAF61976D7B3" box="[879,1038,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FCF3FAF61EFFD7B3" box="[879,903,1389,1414]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. verruciger
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The new species differs from all of them by the following combination of characters: from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FCFFFA0F1E95D798" box="[867,1005,1428,1453]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="festae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FCFFFA0F1E95D798" box="[867,1005,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla festae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smaller size and by colouration (female
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FF67FA211C1CD7E1" box="[251,356,1466,1492]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FE11FA201C81D7E1" box="[397,505,1467,1492]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="festae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FE11FA201C81D7E1" box="[397,505,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">H. festae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL 75.0 mm, large median longitudinal dark brown blotch on the dorsum, dark brown spots on flanks, throat and belly) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FD2FFA7A1EA1D7CE" author="Trueb" box="[691,985,1505,1531]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FBB2FA7A1866D7CF" box="[1070,1310,1505,1530]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="leprieurii" subSpecies="britti">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FBB2FA7A1866D7CF" box="[1070,1310,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla leprieurii britti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by nuptial excrescences restricted to prepollex and by skin texture (male
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FC2DF9931967D417" box="[945,1055,1544,1570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FBD0F99319B5D414" box="[1100,1229,1544,1569]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="leprieurii" subSpecies="britti">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FBD0F99319B5D414" box="[1100,1229,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">H. l. britti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: prepollical and subdigital nuptial excrescences and tuberculate dorsum) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FCD1F9B51903D47D" author="Trueb" box="[845,1147,1582,1608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FB14F9B518F7D47D" author="Jungfer" box="[1160,1423,1582,1608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Hodl, W. (2002) A new species of Osteocephalus from Ecuador and a redescription of O. leprieurii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 23, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2002">Jungfer & Hödl 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FF46F9CE1F42D45B" box="[218,570,1621,1646]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FF46F9CE1F42D45B" box="[218,570,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Osteocephalus ayarzaguenai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FC9AF9CE1EA9D45B" box="[774,977,1621,1646]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FC9AF9CE1EA9D45B" box="[774,977,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FC9AF9CE1E67D45B" box="[774,799,1621,1646]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. ayarzaguenai
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: golden iris with dark vermiculation) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FF03F9E71EBDD4A3" author="Jungfer" box="[159,965,1660,1686]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jungfer, K. - H. & Hodl, W. (2002) A new species of Osteocephalus from Ecuador and a redescription of O. leprieurii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 23, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2002">Jungfer & Hödl 2002; examined specimen listed in the Appendix</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FB81F9E7180DD4A0" box="[1053,1397,1660,1685]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavolineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FB81F9E7180DD4A0" box="[1053,1397,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Osteocephalus flavolineatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smaller size and colouration (female
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FDD5F9391FD7D489" box="[585,687,1698,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FD4AF9381EE9D489" box="[726,913,1699,1724]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavolineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FD4AF9381EE9D489" box="[726,913,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5FE130FD4AF9381F96D489" box="[726,750,1699,1724]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. flavolineatus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5FE130FC43F9391933D489" box="[991,1099,1698,1724]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.18" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="81.8">81.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, light middorsal stripe, spots on the flanks) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FED1F9521F27D4D6" author="Cochran" box="[333,607,1737,1763]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. & Goin, C. J. (1970) Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin, 288, 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran & Goin 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FDF0F9521EE0D4D6" author="Trueb" box="[620,920,1737,1763]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FC6DF95219E4D4D7" box="[1009,1180,1737,1762]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FC6DF95219E4D4D7" box="[1009,1180,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla depressa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smaller size, skin texture, and by colouration (male
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5FE130FDBDF96B1FFFD53F" box="[545,647,1776,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FD32F96B1E40D53C" box="[686,824,1776,1801]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FD32F96B1E40D53C" box="[686,824,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">H. depressa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: SVL
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5FE130FC19F96B1E88D53F" box="[901,1008,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.89" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="68.9">68.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tuberculate dorsum, light middorsal stripe) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FF67F88D1F66D505" author="Cochran" box="[251,542,1814,1840]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. & Goin, C. J. (1970) Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin, 288, 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran & Goin 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FDB0F88D1E13D505" author="Trueb" box="[556,875,1814,1840]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FC56F88C19DED505" box="[970,1190,1815,1840]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riopastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FC56F88C19DED505" box="[970,1190,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla riopastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FAE2F88C1C59D563" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riopastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FAE2F88C1C59D563" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">H. riopastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: brown spots and mottling on throat, chest and belly) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FC32F8A619A0D562" author="Trueb" box="[942,1240,1853,1879]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FAFFF8A61D9AD548" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orcesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FAFFF8A61D9AD548" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyla orcesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin texture and by colouration (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5FE130FD31F8FF1E67D548" box="[685,799,1892,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orcesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5FE130FD31F8FF1E67D548" box="[685,799,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">H. orcesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: tuberculate dorsum, ventral surfaces dirty brown) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FF03F8101CD0D590" author="Cochran" box="[159,424,1931,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. & Goin, C. J. (1970) Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin, 288, 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran & Goin 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5FE130FE28F8101FA1D590" author="Trueb" box="[436,729,1931,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Trueb, L. (1971) A synopsis of neotropical hylid frogs, genus Osteocephalus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1971">Trueb & Duellman 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="95836665DD5EE131FF0BF9001CECD508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" targetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5EE131FF0BF9001CECD508" blockId="9.[151,1436,1691,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FF0BF9001C61D486" bold="true" box="[151,281,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5EE131FE3AF9001FA9D487" box="[422,721,1691,1714]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FE3AF9001FA9D487" box="[422,721,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD5EE131FD4BF9001E6BD486" box="[727,787,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FD4BF9001E6BD486" bold="true" box="[727,787,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5EE131FE48F9251F87D4E0" box="[468,767,1726,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FE48F9251F87D4E0" box="[468,767,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD5EE131FC9AF9261E3BD4E0" box="[774,835,1725,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FC9AF9261E3BD4E0" bold="true" box="[774,835,1725,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5EE131FE84F97A1F3ED4CD" box="[280,582,1761,1784]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FE84F97A1F3ED4CD" box="[280,582,1761,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD5EE131FDD0F97B1FF1D4CD" box="[588,649,1760,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FDD0F97B1FF1D4CD" bold="true" box="[588,649,1760,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(NMP6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5EE131FD7DF97B1E39D4C2" box="[737,833,1760,1783]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73810" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="EnaNcbi">V 73810</accessionNumber>
|
||
/2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5EE131FE88F8981F3BD52F" box="[276,579,1795,1818]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FE88F8981F3BD52F" box="[276,579,1795,1818]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD5EE131FDD6F8981FF0D52E" box="[586,648,1795,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FDD6F8981FF0D52E" bold="true" box="[586,648,1795,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(F) Adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5EE131FCCBF8981E8ED52F" box="[855,1014,1795,1818]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FCCBF8981E8ED52F" box="[855,1014,1795,1818]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Osteocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (B) (NMP6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5EE131FB3CF8981878D52F" box="[1184,1280,1795,1818]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73105" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="EnaNcbi">V 73105</accessionNumber>
|
||
) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="89E66566DD5EE134FF5AF8F61875D2CA" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5EE132FF5AF8F61C41D604" blockId="9.[151,1436,1901,2005]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,2001]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5EE131FF5AF8F61F5CD5B2" bold="true" box="[198,548,1901,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5EE131FE2DF8F61F67D5B2" box="[433,543,1901,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5EE131FD27F8F51E5ED5BD" box="[699,806,1902,1928]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="51.3">51.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL. Head narrower than body, slightly longer than wide; snout rounded in dorsal view, moderately protruding in lateral view; distance from nostril to eye shorter than diameter of eye; canthus rostralis distinct, angular, curved medially; loreal region concave; internarial area slightly depressed; nostrils moderately protuberant, directed laterally; interorbital area flat, IOD 112.2% of ELW; lateral margins of the frontoparietals barely visible through skin; eye large, strongly protuberant, its diameter about five times depth of lip below eye; tympanic membrane clearly evident, large, slightly wider than high, about two third of eye length, separated from eye by ca. 50% of its diameter; tympanic annulus distinct; supratympanic fold conspicuous, covering upper edge of tympanum, continuing above insertion of arm. Arm slender, axillary membrane absent; small low tubercles scattered along ventrolateral edge of forearm; relative length of fingers I<II<IV<III; fingers bearing large, oval discs, that of third finger about half of tympanum diameter; subarticular tubercles prominent, round, single; supernumerary tubercles present; palmar tubercle large, flat, disunited distally; prepollical tubercle large, flat, elliptical; prepollex enlarged; large dark keratinous nuptial excrescences covering inner surface of prepollex up to subarticular tubercle of thumb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5DE132FF6FFD861C43D002" box="[243,315,541,567]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1506,1530]" captionTargetBox="[282,1304,409,1465]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[278,1307,396,1475]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. (A) Palmar, and (B) plantar views of right hand and foot of the holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051). Scale bar equals 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189935/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); webbing rudimentary between fingers I and II; webbing formula of fingers
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FB49FD86198FD002" box="[1237,1271,541,567]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">II2</date>
|
||
–—3–
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FAAFFD861818D002" box="[1331,1376,541,567]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">III3</date>
|
||
–—
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FA1BFD861DC3D06B" bridgedPair="-" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">3– IV.</date>
|
||
Legs moderately long, slender; heels overlapping when limbs flexed perpendicular to the axis of body; small raised tubercles on the outer edge of tibiotarsal articulation; small low tubercles scattered along the ventrolateral edge of foot; toes moderately long, bearing oval discs slightly smaller than those of fingers; relative length of toes I<II<V<III<IV; outer metatarsal tubercle distinct, small, round; inner metatarsal tubercle large, ovoid; subarticular tubercles single, round, protuberant; supernumerary tubercles present; toes three fourths webbed; webbing formula of toes
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FD56FC931F9AD117" box="[714,738,776,802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">I1</date>
|
||
+—
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FC95FC931E4CD117" box="[777,820,773,802]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">2–II</date>
|
||
1—
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FCC3FC931E16D117" box="[863,878,776,802]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">2</date>
|
||
–III1—2–
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FC4AFC93197BD117" box="[982,1027,776,802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">IV2</date>
|
||
–—
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FBB2FC931921D117" box="[1070,1113,773,802]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">1–V.</date>
|
||
Skin on dorsum, head, and dorsal surfaces of limbs smooth, with numerous minute tubercles; skin on flanks shagreen; skin on venter coarsely granular; skin on throat slightly granular; proximal two thirds of lower surfaces of thighs slightly granular. Cloacal opening directed posteriorly at upper level of thighs; short simple cloacal sheath covering cloacal opening; rounded tubercles around vent and on posterior surface of proximal third of thigh. Tongue ovoid, widely attached to floor of mouth; vomerine odontophores angular, separated medially, between choanae, bearing 8 and 9 (left/right) vomerine teeth; choanae rhomboidal, oblique; vocal slits absent; vocal sac indistinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5DE132FF5AFBA61CE5D64B" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5DE132FE54FBA61F4BD662" box="[456,563,1085,1111]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: SVL 51.3; HL 17.7; HW 16.6; EN 5.3; ED 6.1; TD 4.0; ELW 4.9; IOD 5.4; TL 27.3; FL 33.4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5DE132FF5AFB101FABD781" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">In alcohol, head and dorsum tan with several narrow irregular darker tan to dark brown markings (including an indistinct interorbital stripe) narrowly outlined by pale brown line; dorsal surfaces of limbs tan with darker tan crossbars outlined by a pale brown line. A narrow pale supralabial line expanding in a subocular spot; a dark canthal stripe extending from nostril to the anterior margin of eye; a broad dark brown postocular stripe extending from posterior margin of eye across the tympanum to insertion of arm. Flanks pale with several inconspicuous small darker markings; a dark supracloacal spot; hidden surfaces of thighs tan. Throat and belly creamy white; a narrow dark line along the lower jaw; ventral surfaces of thighs yellowish white; plantar surfaces pale brown. Tibiae green.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5DE132FF5AFA5B1C73D47B" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||
In life, dorsal and lateral colouration differed only slightly from the preserved specimen in having a slight purple-red tint by day. Ventral surfaces of forearms and thighs fleshy pink; tibiae green. Iris bicoloured with dark brown horizontal stripe, golden above, bronze below, both parts with fine dark reticulate to radiate lines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5DE132FF03F9AF1D9ED47B" box="[159,230,1588,1614]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1666]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (NMP 6 V 73810 / 2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (F) Adult male of Osteocephalus sp. (B) (NMP 6 V 73105) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5DE133FF5AF9C11EACD367" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2001]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,152,338]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5DE132FF5AF9C11C39D441" bold="true" box="[198,321,1626,1652]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation of measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5DE132FD43F9C01E6AD440" box="[735,786,1627,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series is given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="8C7E0356DD5DE132FC76F9C0193DD440" box="[1002,1093,1627,1653]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,241,302,326]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,388,872]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 3. Variation of measurements (in mm) of the type series of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n.). See text for abbreviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/95836665DD5BE134FF0BFEB51C5CD35D" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" tableUuid="95836665DD5BE134FF0BFEB51C5CD35D">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5DE132FBCFF9C018E4D441" box="[1107,1436,1627,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5DE132FBCFF9C018E4D441" box="[1107,1436,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits sexual dimorphism in body size, but sexual dimorphism of dorsal skin texture is absent. Both breeding males and females bear similar minute flat to round tubercles on dorsal surfaces of head, body and limbs. The most conspicuous dorsal tubercles are present in female paratopotype CBF 6052 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5DE132FB47F9541859D4DC" box="[1243,1313,1743,1769]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1666]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (NMP 6 V 73810 / 2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (F) Adult male of Osteocephalus sp. (B) (NMP 6 V 73105) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C), having SVL
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5DE132FF4AF96D1C47D525" box="[214,319,1782,1808]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="47.7">47.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
and containing numerous small immature eggs. The new species shows considerable variation in number of vomerine teeth (6–14 on each odontophore). Vomerine odontophores are separated in
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5DE132FAB2F88718E0D503" box="[1326,1432,1820,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, paratopotype NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FEE6F8D81CE4D568" box="[378,412,1859,1885]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5DE132FE1BF8D81CE4D568" box="[391,412,1859,1885]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V72810" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
72810/1 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5DE132FDA3F8D81FD7D568" box="[575,687,1859,1885]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
CBF 6054 and NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FC32F8D81EA8D568" box="[942,976,1859,1885]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5DE132FC27F8D81EA8D568" box="[955,976,1859,1885]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73820" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73820, but in contact in the remaining
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5DE132FF0BF8F11DA0D5B1" box="[151,216,1898,1924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. Some variation seems to be evident in distinctiveness of lateral margins of the frontoparietals. They are not visible through skin in smaller individuals (SVL up to
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5DE132FCD8F80B1EE1D59F" box="[836,921,1936,1962]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
|
||
; paratopotype CBF 6052 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5DE132FB64F80B1825D59F" box="[1272,1373,1936,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
CBF 6053) and best pronounced in largest individuals (SVL above
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5DE132FCE9F82C1EB3D5E4" box="[885,971,1975,2001]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="59.0">59 mm</quantity>
|
||
; female paratopotype NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5DE132FA8EF82C184CD5E4" box="[1298,1332,1975,2001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5DE132FA83F82C184CD5E4" box="[1311,1332,1975,2001]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73810" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73810/3 and female
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FEB5FF031CE7D287" box="[297,415,152,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
CBF 6054 and NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FD35FF031FB4D287" box="[681,716,152,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FD2AFF031FB4D287" box="[694,716,152,178]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73820" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73820). Some differences can be found in shape of distal subarticular tubercle of the fourth finger. It is single in
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FC87FF251EF9D2ED" box="[795,897,190,216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and four other
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FBAAFF251910D2ED" box="[1078,1128,190,216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens, but it shows a slight tendency to bifidity in the paratopotype NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FD69FF7E1E6FD2CA" box="[757,791,229,255]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FC9EFF7E1E6FD2CA" box="[770,791,229,255]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73810" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73810/3 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FC2BFF7E195FD2CA" box="[951,1063,229,255]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
CBF 6053 and NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FABEFF7E183CD2CA" box="[1314,1348,229,255]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FAB3FF7E183CD2CA" box="[1327,1348,229,255]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73820" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73820. The finger and toe webbing formulae vary as follows: II (2– –2+)—(3– –3+) III (3– –3)—(2 2/3–3–) IV and I (1–1 1/4) —(1 2/3–2–) II (1–1+)—(2– –2) III (1–1+)—(1 2/3–2) IV (1 2/3–2–)—(1– –1) V.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="95836665DD5CE133FF0BFA791F41D42E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" targetBox="[282,1304,409,1465]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5CE133FF0BFA791F41D42E" blockId="11.[151,1436,1506,1564]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5CE133FF0BFA791C61D7CF" bold="true" box="[151,281,1506,1530]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
(A) Palmar, and (B) plantar views of right hand and foot of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5CE133FBD6FA79180DD7CC" box="[1098,1397,1506,1529]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5CE133FBD6FA79180DD7CC" box="[1098,1397,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD5CE133FAE0FA791DD4D429" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5CE133FAE0FA791DD4D429" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(CBF 6051). Scale bar equals 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5CE133FF5AF9D11FB2D5F5" blockId="11.[151,1437,1610,1984]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
General dorsal colouration in alcohol varies from light tan to dark tan with purple-red tint or to reddishbrown. Dorsal pattern varies mostly regarding distinctness and shape of the irregular darker markings. A more or less distinct interorbital streak narrower than the diameter of the eye is present in all individuals. Dorsal markings are fused in a large, irregular, indistinct dorsal spot in the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FC6BF9251924D4ED" box="[1015,1116,1726,1752]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
CBF 6053, whereas dorsal pattern of paratopotypes CBF 6052, NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FD1FF97F1FDDD4CB" box="[643,677,1764,1790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FD0CF97F1FDDD4CB" box="[656,677,1764,1790]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73810" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73810/1, 73810/3 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FC2EF97F196FD4CB" box="[946,1047,1764,1790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
73820 is almost missing. Ventral colouration in alcohol varies from cream white to yellowish-white. A fine dark brown mottling is present on the throat and pectoral area of the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FD23F8A91E57D579" box="[703,815,1842,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FCE2F8A91EDAD579" box="[894,930,1842,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FC10F8A91EDAD579" box="[908,930,1842,1868]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73820" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73820. Colour of tibiae seems to vary independently of age or size of individual specimens. The bones are green in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FBCAF8C219C5D546" box="[1110,1213,1881,1907]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and paratopotypes NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FF45F8E41D84D5AC" box="[217,252,1919,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FF7BF8E41D84D5AC" box="[231,252,1919,1945]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73810" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73810/1
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5CE133FEFBF81B1C0ED5AC" box="[359,374,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
|
||
3 (SVL
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5CE133FE45F8E41FF3D5AC" box="[473,651,1919,1945]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.375" metricValueMax="5.91" metricValueMin="4.84" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="53.75" valueMax="59.1" valueMin="48.4">48.4–59.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and white in paratopotype CBF 6052 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="1E47884FDD5CE133FB07F8E41877D5AC" box="[1179,1295,1919,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
CBF 6053, 6054 and NMP
|
||
<date id="B542102DDD5CE133FED7F83D1C16D5F5" box="[331,366,1958,1984]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||
6
|
||
<accessionNumber id="DEAFAB0EDD5CE133FEC5F83D1C16D5F5" box="[345,366,1958,1984]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V73820" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="EnaNcbi">V</accessionNumber>
|
||
</date>
|
||
73820 (SVL
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5CE133FD92F83D1FC5D5F5" box="[526,701,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.33" metricValueMin="4.77" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="55.5" valueMax="63.3" valueMin="47.7">47.7–63.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF59FF031875D2CA" blockId="12.[151,1436,152,255]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
In life, dorsal colouration varies from tan to brown. A slight purple-red tint observed in most specimens by day turns into ochre by night (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5BE134FDBBFF251F17D2ED" box="[551,623,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1666]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (NMP 6 V 73810 / 2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (F) Adult male of Osteocephalus sp. (B) (NMP 6 V 73105) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Newly metamorphosed juveniles are light brown dorsally with a dark interorbital spot, bright orange iris, and creamy white upper arms, knees and heels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5BE134FB38FF7E1993D2CA" box="[1188,1259,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1666]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (NMP 6 V 73810 / 2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (F) Adult male of Osteocephalus sp. (B) (NMP 6 V 73105) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="95836665DD5BE134FF0BFEB51C5CD35D" ID-Table-UUID="95836665DD5BE134FF0BFEB51C5CD35D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/95836665DD5BE134FF0BFEB51C5CD35D" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[151,1436,388,872]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF0BFEB51C5CD35D" blockId="12.[151,1436,302,360]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FF0BFEB51C7ED373" bold="true" box="[151,262,302,326]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">TABLE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Variation of measurements (in mm) of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FC16FEB519C6D370" box="[906,1214,302,325]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FC16FEB519C6D370" box="[906,1214,302,325]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8BB5784DD5BE134FB59FEB5187BD373" box="[1221,1283,302,326]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB59FEB5187BD373" bold="true" box="[1221,1283,302,326]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). See text for abbreviation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF03FE1F19ECD15D" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<table id="B3FCC44DDD5B1EC7FF0BFE1F18E4D15D" box="[151,1436,388,872]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFE1F18E4D388" box="[151,1436,388,445]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFE1F1C48D388" box="[151,304,388,445]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Measurement</th>
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFE1F1FEAD388" box="[416,658,388,445]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Males (N=4) Mean ± SD; Range</th>
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFE1F18E4D388" box="[931,1436,388,445]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Females (N=4) Mean ± SD; Range</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFE4A18E4D3DD" box="[151,1436,465,488]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFE4A1C48D3DD" box="[151,304,465,488]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFE4A1FEAD3DD" box="[416,658,465,488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">49.3 ± 1.56; 47.8–51.3</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFE4A18E4D3DD" box="[931,1436,465,488]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">57.6 ± 6.83; 47.7–63.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFE6718E4D008" box="[151,1436,508,573]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFE671C48D008" box="[151,304,508,573]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">HL HW</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFE671FEAD008" box="[416,658,508,573]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">16.9 ± 0.87; 15.7–17.7 16.2 ± 0.67; 15.4–16.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFE6718E4D008" box="[931,1436,508,573]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">19.4 ± 2.18; 16.6–21.9 18.4 ± 1.92; 15.6–20.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFDCA18E4D05D" box="[151,1436,593,616]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFDCA1C48D05D" box="[151,304,593,616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">EN</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFDCA1FEAD05D" box="[416,658,593,616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">5.0 ± 0.36; 4.5–5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFDCA18E4D05D" box="[931,1436,593,616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">6.1 ± 0.87; 4.9–7.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFDE718E4D088" box="[151,1436,636,701]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFDE71C48D088" box="[151,304,636,701]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">ED TD</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFDE71FEAD088" box="[416,658,636,701]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">5.9 ± 0.29; 5.1–6.1 3.7 ± 0.22; 3.5–4.0</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFDE718E4D088" box="[931,1436,636,701]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">6.1 ± 0.71; 5.1–6.8 4.3 ± 0.70; 3.5–5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFD4A18E4D0DD" box="[151,1436,721,744]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFD4A1C48D0DD" box="[151,304,721,744]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">ELW</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFD4A1FEAD0DD" box="[416,658,721,744]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">4.8 ± 0.08; 4.7–4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFD4A18E4D0DD" box="[931,1436,721,744]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">5.5 ± 0.79; 4.6–6.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFD6718E4D108" box="[151,1436,764,829]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFD671C48D108" box="[151,304,764,829]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">IOD TL</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFD671FEAD108" box="[416,658,764,829]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">5.0 ± 0.30; 4.7–5.4 26.5 ± 0.70; 25.7–27.3</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFD6718E4D108" box="[931,1436,764,829]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">5.8 ± 0.83; 4.8–6.6 31.9 ± 3.28; 27.2–32.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FCC34AFDD5B1EC7FF0BFCCA18E4D15D" box="[151,1436,849,872]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FF0BFCCA1C48D15D" box="[151,304,849,872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">FL</th>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FE3CFCCA1FEAD15D" box="[416,658,849,872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">32.5 ± 1.35; 30.5–33.4</td>
|
||
<td id="3C1D5DD3DD5B1EC7FC3FFCCA18E4D15D" box="[931,1436,849,872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">38.5 ± 4.46; 31.9–41.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="89E66566DD5BE134FF59FC351864D55D" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF59FC35183ED78A" blockId="12.[151,1438,942,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FF59FC351FBDD1FD" bold="true" box="[197,709,942,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Distribution, ecology and threat status.</emphasis>
|
||
The known localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FC60FC34182CD1FD" box="[1020,1364,943,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FC60FC34182CD1FD" box="[1020,1364,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Osteocephalus castaneicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lie in western and central part of the Departamento Pando, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FC0EFC4E1E93D1DA" box="[914,1003,981,1007]" name="Bolivia" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5BE134FC61FC4E1932D1DA" box="[1021,1098,981,1007]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,255,880,904]" captionTargetBox="[314,1273,197,857]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[314,1273,197,857]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic map of northern Bolivia showing the known distribution of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. in Bolivia: (1) San Antonio del Matti, (2) San Antonio de Filadelfia (type locality)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189936/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). This area is located in the south-western Amazon basin within the zone of tall evergreen lowland rainforest.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FB3CFC67181CD620" box="[1184,1380,1020,1045]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB3CFC67181CD620" box="[1184,1380,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FB3CFC6719C2D620" box="[1184,1210,1020,1045]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was encountered in more or less undisturbed terra firme forest with frequent occurrence of large climax forest trees [e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FF4EFBD21FF2D656" authority="Humb. & Bonpl." authorityName="Humb. & Bonpl." box="[210,650,1097,1123]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Bertholletia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="excelsa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FF4EFBD21CC3D657" box="[210,443,1097,1122]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Bertholletia excelsa</emphasis>
|
||
Humb. & Bonpl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FD0AFBD21E24D657" box="[662,860,1097,1122]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Ceiba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pentandra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FD0AFBD21E24D657" box="[662,860,1097,1122]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Ceiba pentandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Gaertn.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FC60FBD219C6D657" box="[1020,1214,1097,1122]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FC60FBD219C6D657" box="[1020,1214,1097,1122]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Cedrela odorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FB70FBD21855D657" box="[1260,1325,1097,1122]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB70FBD21855D657" box="[1260,1325,1097,1122]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Ficus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.]. The forest was characterised by relatively well defined tree strata and a dense canopy at ca.
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5BE134FB2AFBEB1858D6BF" box="[1206,1312,1136,1162]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="30.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="25.0">25–35 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground. The understory was dominated by various tree seedlings, young trees, herbaceous lianas, palms and ferns. The forest floor was covered by leaf litter with scattered large fruit capsules of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FB77FB26184ED6E2" box="[1259,1334,1213,1239]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
nut tree (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FF3DFB7F1CF3D6C8" box="[161,395,1252,1277]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Bertholletia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="excelsa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FF3DFB7F1CF3D6C8" box="[161,395,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Bertholletia excelsa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and other species of Lecythiadaceae. All observed individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FB3EFB7F1823D6C8" box="[1186,1371,1252,1277]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB3EFB7F1823D6C8" box="[1186,1371,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FB3EFB7F19C2D6C8" box="[1186,1210,1252,1277]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were sitting on vegetation in ca.
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5BE134FE6CFA911F2CD711" box="[496,596,1290,1316]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 m</quantity>
|
||
height. No calling males were located. Other hylid species found in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FEFCFAAA1F49D77F" box="[352,561,1329,1354]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FEFCFAAA1F49D77F" box="[352,561,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FEFCFAAA1C03D77F" box="[352,379,1329,1354]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FD2BFAAA194FD77E" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[695,1079,1329,1355]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hypsiboas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FD2BFAAA1E9CD77F" box="[695,996,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Hypsiboas lanciformis</emphasis>
|
||
Cope
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FBD9FAAA18E0D77E" authority="Schneider" authorityName="Schneider" box="[1093,1432,1329,1355]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hypsiboas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FBD9FAAA1997D77F" box="[1093,1263,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">H. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Schneider)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FF0BFAC31CBBD747" authority="De" authorityName="De" box="[151,451,1368,1394]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="camba">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FF0BFAC31CEFD744" box="[151,407,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Phyllomedusa camba</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FE3CFAC31CBBD747" box="[416,451,1368,1394]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
la Riva,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FDADFAC31E4FD747" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[561,823,1368,1394]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomopterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FDADFAC31FA1D744" box="[561,729,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">P. tomopterna</emphasis>
|
||
(Cope)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FCD8FAC3192ED747" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[836,1110,1368,1394]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vaillantii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FCD8FAC31EB7D744" box="[836,975,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">P. vaillantii</emphasis>
|
||
Boulenger
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FBFEFAC31D81D7AD" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FBFEFAC318E4D744" box="[1122,1436,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Trachycephalus coriaceus</emphasis>
|
||
(Peters)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FEA5FAE41F21D7AD" authority="Goeldi" authorityName="Goeldi" box="[313,601,1406,1432]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resinifictrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FEA5FAE41C9DD7AD" box="[313,485,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">T. resinifictrix</emphasis>
|
||
(Goeldi)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FDF8FAE41E5BD7AD" box="[612,803,1407,1432]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FDF8FAE41E5BD7AD" box="[612,803,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FDF8FAE41F05D7AD" box="[612,637,1407,1432]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently known (as
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FBCBFAE4190CD7AD" box="[1111,1140,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FBCBFAE41908D7AD" box="[1111,1136,1407,1432]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp.) to occur also in the Region Madre de Dios (exact localities not provided) in adjacent southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FB9DFA3E194FD78A" box="[1025,1079,1445,1471]" name="Peru" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5BE134FBE7FA3E1842D78A" author="May" box="[1147,1338,1445,1471]" pageId="12" pageNumber="54" refString="von May, R., Jacobs, J. M., Jennings, R. D., Catenazzi, A. & Rodriguez, L. O. (2007) Anfibios de Los Amigos, Manu y Tambopata, Peru. Rapid Color Guide # 236 version 1. Environmental & Conservation Programs, The Field Museum, Chicago. Available from http: // www. fmhn. org. / animalguides (accessed 10 August 2009)" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
May
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB25FA3E198BD78B" box="[1209,1267,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF51FA571D8ED52E" blockId="12.[151,1438,942,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Life history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FE1DFA571F43D7D0" box="[385,571,1484,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FE1DFA571F43D7D0" box="[385,571,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FE1DFA571CE1D7D0" box="[385,409,1484,1509]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely associated with fruit capsules of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FBF1FA5719CDD7D3" box="[1133,1205,1484,1510]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
nut tree, which are opened by agoutis (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FEE3FA681F7FD439" box="[383,519,1523,1548]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasyproctidae" genus="Dasyprocta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FEE3FA681F7FD439" box="[383,519,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Dasyprocta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.) or indigenous
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FD77FA691E4BD439" box="[747,819,1522,1548]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
nut collectors and abandoned on the forest floor. At both known localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FE4EF9821FEFD407" box="[466,663,1561,1586]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FE4EF9821FEFD407" box="[466,663,1561,1586]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FE4EF9821C94D407" box="[466,492,1561,1586]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
some of water-filled capsules contained tadpole assemblages numbering up to tens of individuals. Rarely the same tadpoles were found also in water-filled palm bracts lying on the ground. In some cases the assemblages consisted of larvae of markedly different sizes and different stage of development. The largest tadpoles reached a total length of
|
||
<quantity id="06049B08DD5BE134FBBAF91619D2D492" box="[1062,1194,1677,1703]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="33.0">33–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Occasionally, white ingested eggs were visible through the transparent venter of the larger larvae. The tadpoles were raised until metamorphosis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5BE134FEC5F9411CE6D4C1" box="[345,414,1754,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,198,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1666]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6051) in life, (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. (C) Adult female paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (CBF 6052) in life. (D) Night colouration of adult male paratype of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (NMP 6 V 73810 / 2) under natural conditions. (E) Newly metamorphosed juvenile of Osteocephalus castaneicola sp. n. (F) Adult male of Osteocephalus sp. (B) (NMP 6 V 73105) from Canadá (Bolivia, Pando) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189934/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E) and their determination was verified by genetic comparison with the adult specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="59C72A68DD5BE134FF03F89A1D9CD52E" box="[159,228,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,259,1229,1253]" captionTargetBox="[348,1238,197,1205]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[348,1238,197,1206]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. The majority rule consensus tree of the Bayesian phylogeny of the frog genus Osteocephalus, using mitochondrial 12 S rRNA – tRNA-Val – 16 S rRNA data. Nodal support, Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) and maximum likelihood (PhyML) bootstrap (1000 pseudoreplicates), are indicated. Collapsed branches were supported <50 % bootstrap and <0.50 BPP. The asterisk denotes the tadpole sample from a water-filled fruit capsule of the Brazil nut tree. Osteocephalus “ oophagus ” no. AF 467267 may represent O. cabrerai according to Fouquet et al. (2007, Supporting Information)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189933/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF59F8B31864D55D" blockId="12.[151,1438,942,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
According to the sparse data available we here classify
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FCC4F8B31969D574" box="[856,1041,1832,1857]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Osteocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FCC4F8B31969D574" box="[856,1041,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FCC4F8B31E08D574" box="[856,880,1832,1857]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. castaneicola
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as “Data Deficient” according to the IUCN red list criteria. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FE76F8D51F5BD55D" box="[490,547,1870,1896]" name="Peru" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the species occurs within protected areas (von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A56D4B1CDD5BE134FBCCF8D51877D55D" author="May" box="[1104,1295,1870,1896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="54" refString="von May, R., Jacobs, J. M., Jennings, R. D., Catenazzi, A. & Rodriguez, L. O. (2007) Anfibios de Los Amigos, Manu y Tambopata, Peru. Rapid Color Guide # 236 version 1. Environmental & Conservation Programs, The Field Museum, Chicago. Available from http: // www. fmhn. org. / animalguides (accessed 10 August 2009)" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
May
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB11F8D419B0D55D" box="[1165,1224,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="89E66566DD5BE134FF59F8EE19D3D5E9" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C14336EDDD5BE134FF59F8EE19D3D5E9" blockId="12.[151,1438,942,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FF59F8EE1C2AD5BA" bold="true" box="[197,338,1909,1935]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a compound from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FC3AF8EE1977D5BB" box="[934,1039,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">castanea</emphasis>
|
||
(Horse Chestnut,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06FC4D6EDD5BE134FB74F8EE1829D5BB" box="[1256,1361,1909,1934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Aesculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB74F8EE1829D5BB" box="[1256,1361,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Aesculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from which the Spanish
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FEEFF8071CB6D580" box="[371,462,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">castaña</emphasis>
|
||
(vernacular name of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B9EB767DDD5BE134FD6CF8071E40D583" box="[752,824,1948,1974]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
nut tree) was derived and the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="F388EAFFDD5BE134FB45F8071984D580" box="[1241,1276,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">col</emphasis>
|
||
ō (to inhabit). The name is used as a noun in apposition and refers to the life history of the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |