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<document id="6648AAA03FA86BC66FE3C19D4BE0C050" ID-CLB-Dataset="74756" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6657415" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4411cc96-85e7-4df6-ac26-1a1a3f609296" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-99-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6657415" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1654609426720" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Don E. Wilson" docDate="2015" docId="D344591F533207012305FD4F1855F898" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_5_Phalangeridae_0456.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 5 Monotremes and Marsupials, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Spilocuscus nudicaudatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="497" masterDocId="2F7D2167533D070E236FFFD11F06FFD9" masterDocTitle="Phalangeridae" masterLastPageNumber="497" masterPageNumber="456" pageNumber="497" updateTime="1699339030881" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="572F5A750689D9813C75574078659665">Phalangeridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DCEFC5E9777B551C24666EC52EB44756">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BF3AE1F0B63C50A8B24001C65DE903CD">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533207012305FD4F1FA5FD15" box="[106,163,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="5B52E809533207012305FD4F1FA5FD15" blockId="15.[104,1268,670,759]" box="[106,163,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<heading id="001A5F65533207012305FD4F1FA5FD15" box="[106,163,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<figureCitation id="C3D6F48C533207012305FD4F1FA5FD15" box="[106,163,670,716]" captionStart="Plate 27: Phalangeridae" captionStartId="13.[109,139,3459,3480]" captionTargetBox="[12,2741,13,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="11. Peleng Cuscus (Phalanger pelengensus), 12. Moluccan Cuscus (Phalanger ornatus), 13. Gebe Cuscus (Phalanger alexandrae), 14. Obi Cuscus (Phalanger rothschildi), 15. Ground Cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis), 16. Woodlark Cuscus (Phalanger lullulae), 17. Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis), 18. Eastern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus), 19. Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger mimicus), 20. Telefomin Cuscus (Phalanger matanim), 21. Steins Cuscus (Phalanger vestitus), 22. Silky Cuscus (Phalanger sericeus), 23. Mountain Cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae), 24. Black Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus rufoniger), 25. Waigeo Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis), 26. Admiralty Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus kraemeri), 27. Blue-eyed Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus wilsoni), 28. Common Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus), 29. Australian Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus nudicaudatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6657492/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">29.</figureCitation>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB825332070123DDFD4F1DD3FD15" box="[178,725,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="5B52E8095332070123DDFD4F1DD3FD15" blockId="15.[104,1268,670,759]" box="[178,725,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<heading id="001A5F655332070123DDFD4F1DD3FD15" box="[178,725,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<vernacularName id="D5EE98275332070123DDFD4F1DD3FD15" box="[178,725,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Australian Spotted Cuscus</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533207012074FD4F1BF2FD15" box="[795,1268,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5B52E809533207012074FD4F1BF2FD15" blockId="15.[104,1268,670,759]" box="[795,1268,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<heading id="001A5F65533207012074FD4F1BF2FD15" box="[795,1268,670,716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012074FD4F1BF2FD15" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[795,1268,670,716]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Spilocuscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
<emphasis id="6999341B533207012074FD4F1BF2FD15" box="[795,1268,670,716]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Spilocuscus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533207012306FD0C1B98FD2B" box="[105,1182,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="5B52E809533207012306FD0C1B98FD2B" blockId="15.[104,1268,670,759]" box="[105,1182,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<heading id="001A5F65533207012306FD0C1B98FD2B" box="[105,1182,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B533207012306FD0C1FB3FD2B" bold="true" box="[105,181,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="D5EE98275332070123D0FD0C1EAEFD2B" box="[191,424,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Phalanger de Cape York</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="6999341B5332070122D2FD0C1D11FD2B" bold="true" box="[445,535,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="D5EE982753320701214EFD0C1DF9FD2B" box="[545,767,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Kap-York-Tupfelkuskus</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701207BFD0C1C69FD2B" bold="true" box="[788,879,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="D5EE9827533207012016FD0C1B98FD2B" box="[889,1182,733,754]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Cuscus moteado de Australia</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825332070121A2FCF21B48FCB1" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5B52E8095332070121A2FCF21B48FCB1" blockId="15.[717,1313,803,1227]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B5332070121A2FCF21C6EFC99" bold="true" box="[717,872,803,832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070120FDFCF21B4FFCB1" authority="Gould, 1850" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1850" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalangista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudata" subGenus="Pseudocheirus">Phalangista (Pseudocheirus) nudicaudata Gould, 1850</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533207012706FC9E1C78FC6E" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5B52E809533207012706FC9E1C78FC6E" blockId="15.[717,1313,803,1227]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<materialsCitation id="EB85E254533207012706FC9E1C78FC6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3813123327" country="Australia" location="Cape York" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="5E32BED253320701271AFC9E1A11FCB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D344591F533207012305FD4F1855F898:5E32BED253320701271AFC9E1A11FCB1" box="[1141,1303,847,872]" country="Australia" name="Cape York" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" stateProvince="Queensland">Cape York</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="4AE0F12B5332070121A1FCA31B4EFC56" box="[718,1096,882,911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">the most northern point</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingCountry id="23FAA8995332070127E4FCA31A0DFC56" box="[1163,1291,882,911]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Australia</collectingCountry>
,”
<collectingRegion id="992926EB5332070121A1FC4B1C7CFC6E" box="[718,890,922,951]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Queensland</collectingRegion>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825332070121A1FC6C1B48FBF4" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5B52E8095332070121A1FC6C1B48FBF4" blockId="15.[717,1313,803,1227]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
Commonly considered a subspecies of S.
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A53320701219CFC3C1C70FBDF" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[755,886,1005,1030]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Spilocuscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">maculatus</taxonomicName>
, but it is best recognized as a distinct species. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825332070121A2FBE21B53FB12" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="distribution">
<caption id="0F92B8815332070121A2FBE21B53FB12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6657482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6657482/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" targetBox="[102,694,810,1224]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="5B52E8095332070121A2FBE21B53FB12" blockId="15.[717,1313,803,1227]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B5332070121A2FBE21C7BFB8D" bold="true" box="[717,893,1075,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Distribution.</emphasis>
Cape York Peninsula of NE Queensland, N of the Stewart River and the Coen-Archer River system, including Mcllwraith and Iron ranges.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533207012306FB041907FDA2" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="description">
<paragraph id="5B52E809533207012306FB041907FDA2" blockId="15.[105,1312,1237,1857]" lastBlockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B533207012306FB041E63FB2B" bold="true" box="[105,357,1237,1266]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head—body 41-58 cm (mean 48:6 cm), tail 37.5-48.5 cm (mean 42.7 cm); weight 2:7.4-9 kg (mean 3-6 kg). The Australian Spotted Cuscus is one of the smallest species of spotted cuscus; only the Admiralty Spotted Cuscus (S. kraemert) is smaller. Pelage patterning of the Australian Spotted Cuscus is diagnostic. Overall color of dorsum is steely gray from face to tail and on dorsal surfaces of limbs in both sexes, characterized by gray-brown underfur marked with silvery-golden tipping, a color similar to the Koala (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012289FA101C03FA07" authorityName="de Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[486,773,1473,1502]" class="Mammalia" family="Phascolarctidae" genus="Phascolarctos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">Phascolarctos cinereus</taxonomicName>
). Underside of the Australian Spotted Cuscus is cream from chin and cheeks to tail, sometimes extending to dorsal surface of tail. Gray dorsum is darker on head and forequarters than on hindquarters, and distal tail, ears, hands, and feet (sometimes rump) are typically yellowish-cream. Males have cream-colored spots and blotches on dorsum, mostly on midand lower back; females generally lack cream markings on dorsum and generally do not have darkened “saddle” markings on mid-back. Pelage is dense and rather woolly in appearance. Occasional individuals have an orange wash evident in fur, but predominate coloris dull gray. A similar (but not identical) gray pattern is seen only in some color variants of the Common Spotted Cuscus (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012172F8F51DC2F898" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[541,708,1828,1857]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Spilocuscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">S. maculatus</taxonomicName>
) from the Moluccas. As with other spotted cuscuses, ears of the Australian Spotted Cuscus are relatively short and largely hidden in fur. Natal coat is similar in color to that of adults but lacks conspicuous silver-gold tipping to fur. Sexual size dimorphism appears to be less pronounced in the Australian Spotted Cuscus than in most other species of
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012B7AFE4517A0FE6C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1861" box="[2069,2214,404,437]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Spilocuscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Spilocuscus</taxonomicName>
. Tail averages 11% shorter than head-body length. Skull of the Australian Spotted Cuscusis highly distinctive in its combination of small cranialsize and small, narrowed molars. Other similarly smallbodied
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070126BEFDDB1966FDF2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1861" box="[1489,1632,522,555]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Spilocuscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Spilocuscus</taxonomicName>
taxa (i.e. the Blue-eyed Spotted Cuscus, S. wilsoni, and the Admiralty Spotted Cuscus) have much larger teeth. The Australian Spotted Cuscus has two lower unicuspids.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253320701260BFD51189EFC99" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5B52E80953320701260BFD51189EFC99" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701260BFD511AD2FD78" bold="true" box="[1380,1492,640,673]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Habitat.</emphasis>
Primarily in rainforests from sea level to the summit of the Mcllwraith Range at an elevation of 820 m. The Australian Spotted Cuscus is less commonly observed in nipa palms (Nypafruticans,
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070125B0FD021877FD29" box="[1759,1905,723,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
) on fringes of mangroves, in freshwater and saltwater mangroves, in large paperbark trees (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070124A1FD261752FCC1" box="[1998,2132,759,792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Melaleuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Melaleuca</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012B0BFD2617FCFCC1" box="[2148,2298,759,792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
), and in open forest up to 500 m from the nearest rainforest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253320701260AFC971664FBF5" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="5B52E80953320701260AFC971664FBF5" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701260AFC971975FCBE" bold="true" box="[1381,1651,838,871]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
The Australian Spotted Cuscus is folivorous—frugivorous. It eats leaves of buttonwood (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070125C2FCBC183DFC57" box="[1709,1851,877,910]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Glochidion</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012421FCBC172FFC57" box="[1870,2089,877,910]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Phyllanthaceae</taxonomicName>
), fruits of a variety of trees including the Leichhardt tree (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070125A6FC4518B5FC6C" box="[1737,1971,916,949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Nauclea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">Nauclea orientalis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070124AAFC45175AFC6C" box="[1989,2140,916,949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
), native star-apple (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012A1BFC45151DFC6C" box="[2420,2587,916,949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Planchonella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Planchonella</taxonomicName>
ripicola,
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5332070126B6FC6D197AFC04" box="[1497,1660,956,989]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
), and the fig
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533207012425FC6D17ADFC04" box="[1866,2219,956,989]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispida">Ficus hispida (Moraceae)</taxonomicName>
. It also feeds on flowers, including those of the paperbark M. leucadendra. Captive Australian Spotted Cuscuses prefer young leaves and also eat animal matter, such as small vertebrates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253320701260AFBE31846FB28" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="5B52E80953320701260AFBE31846FB28" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701260AFBE31AEDFB8A" bold="true" box="[1381,1515,1074,1107]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Breeding.</emphasis>
Although few observations of reproductive characteristics of Australian Spotted Cuscuses have been made, pouch young have been observed in July—September and December, which suggest an extended breeding season. Although there are four teats in a females pouch, and despite three young having been reported, usually only one young is raised at a time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253320701260CFB26170FFA57" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="activity">
<paragraph id="5B52E80953320701260CFB26170FFA57" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701260CFB261957FAC1" bold="true" box="[1379,1617,1271,1304]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Australian Spotted Cuscuses are typically nocturnal and spend the day resting on branches or in thick clumps of foliage. They have been reported to construct rudimentary sleeping platforms of leaves by bring together branches. They can also be active for short periods after sunrise.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253320701260AFA441751F98A" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5B52E80953320701260AFA441751F98A" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701260AFA44173CFA6F" bold="true" box="[1381,2106,1429,1462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Australian Spotted Cuscuses are typically arboreal, but they also travel along the ground. Ability to disperse and not rely on tree hollows appears to allow them to inhabit rainforest fragments and regrowth. Predators of the Australian Spotted Cuscus include the wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax) and amethystine pythons (
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A53320701242CF9E7174DF98A" box="[1859,2123,1590,1619]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Morelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amethistina">Morelia amethistina</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253320701260AF98B1AFCF928" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="5B52E80953320701260AF98B1AFCF928" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B53320701260AF98B19CEF9A2" bold="true" box="[1381,1736,1626,1659]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
The Australian Spotted Cuscus has not been evaluated on The IUCN Red List because earlier taxonomies (although not formally the IUCN) considerit a subspecies of the Common Spotted Cuscus. Populations appear to be secure and stable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533207012609F8D11855F898" pageId="15" pageNumber="497" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="5B52E809533207012609F8D11855F898" blockId="15.[1379,2588,286,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="6999341B533207012609F8D11AF9F8C0" bold="true" box="[1382,1535,1792,1817]" pageId="15" pageNumber="497">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Dawson &amp; Degabriele (1973), Gray (1858a), Heinsohn (2004b), Helgen (2007c), Winter (2004), Winter &amp; Leung (2008a), Winter et al. (2004).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>