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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5998" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3ab2700-b888-4721-b7c1-fcb2d0bb38b2" ID-PMC="PMC8233300" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1045-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CDADD9D94DEB5471834AF0F1AB8B48AA" ID-PubMed="34228772" ID-ZooBank="2C3076FD13FB4842A7F6B0EBE9B23795" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1045-1" checkinTime="1624048151249" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. &amp; Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="A31E3BC7EE538638DD8BBA79A4B08822" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1045: 1-236" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1045" docPubDate="2021-06-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810" docTitle="Helobata Bergroth 1888" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="CDADD9D94DEB5471834AF0F1AB8B48AA" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="CDADD9D94DEB5471834AF0F1AB8B48AA" masterDocTitle="The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732682494875" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B4592B582581A372ED6AC899140AB99A">The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C616B5B10969A33186EC967BEA5AE829">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1D99653C976FB381575BA39B6798D779" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1B707C06D25E09364E1046267DADE360">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA &amp; Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A3DD308B9D781B581DD66CF28C2B50D">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5F6A7AC0728FFC6324C232873F12F626">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="A31E3BC7EE538638DD8BBA79A4B08822" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959271" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A31E3BC7EE538638DD8BBA79A4B08822" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A31E3BC7EE538638DD8BBA79A4B08822" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
<subSubSection id="E227513486E2990BEFB1C02DDDE343A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3C78E4697E090C0D8B048E0F21F1E5E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="BE8F09C86792F7A34E5E53B8683F85D0" ID-CoL="8VY5R" authority="Bergroth, 1888" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata Bergroth, 1888</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="DB575A86B1A5108031B17C1B9243EC32" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3502D4FE8196EC29D8279FDA999054A3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13D52B3E72781E625F88E794F616D4A1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9019C19DF60BDC9C5A2533CBCC4EDBC3" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="14D6BB7456829E6E88A0CEF6A1E7A1FF" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 33</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7B9899618E0B055F54197BCB3CBE615D" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 34</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="00D815CA0E09DAA56DC7A293236B8870" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1D21287B76CE282A1E15F9F9BB4D9782" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0D319B79C8E9F5982FC25D16CC4AD1D1" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
Horn, 1873: 137.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C6B47096A2780501B3846F5842AA327" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1A99FEE4697BDBEACD7A51F5DFD428AA" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
Type species:
<taxonomicName id="6935C4945EE053D2BB4090E8D94997B2" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
Horn, 1873: 137; by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5652A8598AFF69D6AEC3682340908F86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="7C18566EEFC1EC47EE84647C99AB5D40" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata</taxonomicName>
Bergroth, 1888: 221 - Replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="52DD4FFE41BC31128D1CCB09AA80F13C" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
Horn, 1873.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF38EADCABA7ABE2240C55143D13C451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="562D7447E7FC062E0CC95B6F98C0D316" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltina</taxonomicName>
Cockerell, 1906: 240 - Replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="0F1258CDBE2511FA6EC3F4C95472E1B7" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
Horn, 1873.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CABB0C2C8CE0348388E03091FC25E90E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C0D6F38FFAC7A8E65E271FB8EA930DEB" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
Type species:
<taxonomicName id="8B153F0A50441A3855B0C7C2CCB67D37" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
Horn, 1873: 137.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9584115581F1E9C14158616F5B908DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
<paragraph id="156BB1972D37ACD3FDE8C84358A09227" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C7F0CDC440E80DEAE97608EC4D37731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Feminine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB7389F4D591633EEEB028C9274F6457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph id="1D1D6A8408D0FD12E850FD425B178D57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06609B6F83FCBE3D2656893F329BCF36" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E51D149F8C75D5702E396CF8D8907539" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="9D7DBDF59D3230C85FD24BF73122C37B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Horn, 1873: 137; by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07A9690FC6B622C5B002633E866107FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8812548E6D503BA4CCC963D5BCEAFF84" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4865FFFBEDA3EE506E6AC7872419AA23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Medium sized beetles, body length 4-7 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, dorsoventrally flattened, with dorsal outline nearly straight along medial third in lateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2569BBA5F97E1BFEE8D6C02A5C79D388" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33</figureCitation>
); surface even and granulate. From yellowish, orange brown to dark brown in coloration, usually with patterns along elytra, with different areas of head and pronotum darkened. Shape of head somewhat trapezoid (Fig.
<figureCitation id="192A5E5055B77804C2DC2011E2C81F4C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
). Anterior corners of frons extended laterally and posteriorly, emarginating anterior margin of eyes. Eyes of moderate size, somewhat oval, anteriorly deeply emarginated, not projected from outline of head. Clypeus somewhat pentagonal, laterally explanate, with anterior margin usually straight (Fig.
<figureCitation id="241E0F4932CB708E2FCDAB476EF5D605" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
). Labrum concealed by clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="07D752A9F5CE7DF05CDDD33CE6CC4F51" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
). Mentum with surface variably sculptured, usually with oblique and transverse striae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2248C7B5ED6F3D058F7930750B3DF9D5" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
). Antennae with eight antennomeres, with cupule strongly asymmetric and oval in outline. Maxillary palps slender, slightly longer than greatest width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 weakly and evenly curved, and outer margin weakly curved along apical third (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D6D86A6757261C44D3D842E933655984" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
). Pronotum with surface of lateral areas flat. Elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins laterally explanate; serial punctures clearly aligned in longitudinal rows (Fig.
<figureCitation id="98C57279C8E1EE75C5829F06DCE453A9" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33A</figureCitation>
). Scutellar shield U-shaped. Surface of prosternum flat, to medially bulging, smooth to irregularly sculptured. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite only weakly bulging, with pair of lateral, longitudinal, low ridges; anapleural sutures nearly parallel along anterior section, separated anteriorly by distance slightly shorter than anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite uniformly covered by hydrofuge pubescence, with medial, narrow, and slightly carinate glabrous patch; posterolateral glabrous patches reduced. Protibiae with spines of anterior row short and semi erect; apical spurs of protibiae reduced, much shorter than protarsomere 1. Metafemora with tibial grooves moderately developed; hydrofuge pubescence covering 5/6 of anterior surface (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D89F1B9E8BC36930CD9EB2A99516C797" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
). Tarsomeres 1-4 ventrally densely covered by setae; metatarsomere 2 longer than 3 and 4 combined, 1 nearly as long as 3, and 5 nearly as long as 2-4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically emarginate, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus divided (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CCDBBBACB4BD708F0D39BA69C335C1E9" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
), parameres separated from each other for most of their lengths; median lobe divided in dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate usually strongly sclerotized; ventral plate bilaterally bifurcated, forming thick lateral lobes along apical region; basal piece nearly 0.2
<normalizedToken id="CB697E194511C533F5094BDA15E84E1F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of parameres, always noticeable; gonopore not clearly visible.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B3057B87C576515D2CDB5FD77836964F" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="FIgure 33" startId="F33">
<paragraph id="4BB88CDFD02114C10BD05502278D8FBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="288017C93122F1AFE1276CBE60091AF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">FIgure 33.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="1187E37ECF438C1DCFA5AF5AC54BC497" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53D8853BD1C5786083282E9548B81632" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
<emphasis id="578F33DF9812334B50A75583BE068814" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="42344A9F8EF11B4807DE86A61ED6D1D4" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="00EEF4983985B199E5BD3AC99CD0B89C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="8D0EE89876AD2F61133CFDD6FF711DDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
dorsal habitus
<emphasis id="5268328928B3CF6DE14D7C4EA901A2CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
lateral habitus
<emphasis id="2C5C57BF317FC3E95E5AE7C58058515F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
ventral habitus
<emphasis id="BC3D639857C09DEA95AA40AC0BF3611A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="550429CA59846CDB86AF3466B2AE7C10" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. quatipuru" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuru">
<emphasis id="BDA88FCBBDB77294C311003DF2A8B5AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. quatipuru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from
<bibRefCitation id="CAF03E9171EF3E65CE3711F5BECD2031" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
<emphasis id="27A39C94D71F6EEE535070AB7D3CCFD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BB3815510A8E433DA2771DB8173CEC88" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. amazonensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
<emphasis id="87D88BDF32A2945FA9F76C5E5FBFAA1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. amazonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from
<bibRefCitation id="68B35D14A00B2005E9BEC0AF889EDD3E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
<emphasis id="85820753D927D94DD1DE14A9368BB3DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1316E8C4626C4C34410655C710B46AA1" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pantaneira" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantaneira">
<emphasis id="7EB1D91ACECA8F7B236B7DB582EB9A47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. pantaneira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from
<bibRefCitation id="69B1D7AA03E1F6EC30A22E629ED3B16F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E91CF3A4D0EA54602416F8AC68672A11" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 34" startId="F34">
<paragraph id="2B5D8EDEA54E069E71294F22C2E4A986" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8FD24DB4EB03BD4BE91A6856032AC52D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 34.</emphasis>
Aedeagi of
<taxonomicName id="CA943B9A41010EEF9AE546A4A066D6BC" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="05F3C29AE0361FA61F3E9A1C6AE9900E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
<emphasis id="AF74FA9F6ADE42E26A814C463582DF75" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3A9F249599E5497D8EC955F218CB041F" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pantaneira" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantaneira">
<emphasis id="425595F3F059859ED8B942F170EE4E5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. pantaneira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from
<bibRefCitation id="6306B12A5322441C6766EDB7AF1DE5A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
):
<emphasis id="B829322CF207D2296ABA3F3355D1FD7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis id="C5BB3EDDF68CE4E98E02C8C9C67A1431" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis id="13B316CDB8F2656F6DF2072412238BD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FE2531D3B57B27471B9B2B08BAD2F81C" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. quatipuru" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuru">
<emphasis id="E6C7C03E55BBB56CADD3C2D0A358E096" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. quatipuru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="352939D180B72F86772D53D9D75DF88B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
<emphasis id="BA543D6E57A5118957ECEB8F053BCF49" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis id="BDA949BBFD8B3354A336EA4201402210" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis id="50BA9CA9CFCC8DAAB212851F9BE5D6C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6AC3D7AE4191C8E8936D44508DF84DE1" class="Insecta" genus="H." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H." order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95D5F24396225DB3609D066B6DFB1FCE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6EE5BAA57FB40D73F7C340E4EA318B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F0C943CA0095B7401BAE63D6313B78ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="244E3D695143D6906BBFB7422BEC04D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="427A4DC8CDBE991C32C5817E198E92D9" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="84ED5C0B063A4CA8941C666077E0BE0C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the most
<taxonomicName id="C2236BF66A0733C70E0856C137602EC5" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares conspicuous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspicuous">Peltochares conspicuous</taxonomicName>
genera of acidocerines, especially in the New World. The flattened and broadly explanate body shape and concealed labrum, accompanied by granulose surface, long and slender maxillary palps and well-defined elytral serial punctures, are quite unique in the subfamily. The only genus that shares some of these features is
<taxonomicName id="FE435C8395C925DB15901C852E73206D" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="57C1BBC17B15589A3019184D864482DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except that the latter has short maxillary palps, smooth surface and lacks serial punctures along the elytra. The configuration of the aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A3E67EE589295DBA0D18CC0812B6DE5D" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
), in particular the thickness of the lateral lobes of the ventral plate of the median lobe, is also unique among acidocerines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15C5C2BBC0AD4CF385E088047E251195" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F305F473375E5707636B45A27A91C64B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1938EC9D272027E4AC505E7CE94297AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2714180053554A06486FE1859B64E155" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nearctic</emphasis>
: United States (California, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).
<emphasis id="31998713BB887E1799ECB65E1240F790" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas,
<normalizedToken id="886F148A9144D449AC0C66EA6852923B" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul,
<normalizedToken id="C89943ACF4B2A10FA6F2789670FADBDA" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
, Rio de Janeiro, Roraima), Cuba, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
<figureCitation id="85972AB7CDDFAC616F15337CD6E0AF1D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BD3A7CA981B087074AD2B11DC4968FCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
<paragraph id="1F398327BAC027255382283DDE0834D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73C9B8B816034A43926BDA13C8CF2CE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Species of
<taxonomicName id="6AB846138CD40942C440CF4FA0353B15" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3980E228C8F658C3901551C6D7B72369" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur primarily in open habitats with abundant vegetation. According to
<bibRefCitation id="43C9B70D027604AE853AF4EFB97616AA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, specimens of
<taxonomicName id="56BED3CF9513621AA642001B675C902C" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ED24F8DEEE2FACB6C0A08178130ACA0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are uncommonly encountered and occur in marshes, swamps, and ponds, most often in small numbers, although they are rarely found in modest amounts (dozens of individuals; Short, pers. obs.). According to
<bibRefCitation id="E72ECC02C1423736294566852279F936" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997)</bibRefCitation>
, they can be found in slow moving creeks or rivers, living among the littoral vegetation or on floating plants. They are attracted to lights. Females have been observed carrying their egg cases attached to the ventral side of their abdominal ventrites (
<bibRefCitation id="FF410C90CF4F2357593A88CD69E259C0" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B77D68CE5A6AFF6ED1A0FF8EDEE14EF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
<paragraph id="842E002B60BD0248E1E959F6E90E8AE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89F7FC2E97E30107E0E963EE7EE95771" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The larva (first instar) and egg case are only known for
<taxonomicName id="61100A95EFDA66A3E123D8FBABE0C66D" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="5D7973E7D1A12C47455B083AF2CBD7AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; these immature stages were described by
<bibRefCitation id="FBCBECDF464B3294310C74660547E2E3" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="413 - 418" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" refId="B281" refString="Spangler, PJ, Cross, JL, 1972. A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85: 413 - 418, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" title="A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" volume="85" year="1972">Spangler and Cross (1972)</bibRefCitation>
. A differential diagnosis of the first instar larva was provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EB39E0D6CBF96ECBA97B662C9B724768" author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B112" refString="Fikacek, M, 2003. Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." title="Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." year="2003">
<normalizedToken id="D4175CE8E8FEECD52E54E6747E5986DB" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A8A671224AFC82B7A3DD2976AA4BA761" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
<paragraph id="AE3759689D86C4BF1AEE138B3A968213" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="351C801B139E609F2F8E952CE6418CFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This genus was described by
<bibRefCitation id="E0296A0B8A86D7CF521CF3A2AB59C466" author="Horn, GH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="118 - 137" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" refId="B172" refString="Horn, GH, 1873. Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13 (90): 118 - 137, https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" title="Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" volume="13" year="1873">Horn (1873)</bibRefCitation>
under the name
<taxonomicName id="4FFDABD14EACD186F6B2171095C8DCAB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2D4E76A8057CBFC63276E24B5D332B93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was preoccupied by
<taxonomicName id="0B3923AA1F8C9715990CC1061F0BD4DB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="743D0511DEFDBE9C872289CE53BB1E57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Signoret, 1858 (
<taxonomicName id="88CB545D2A515CA3ECD750A93C0E2ED3" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation id="A0CC90EDBBC3E1CE12F9B8CA744622B2" author="Bergroth, E" journalOrPublisher="Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" refId="B23" refString="Bergroth, E, 1888. Fahraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: e221. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" title="Fahraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: e 221." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" year="1888">Bergroth (1888)</bibRefCitation>
proposed the name
<taxonomicName id="7DF400240C1175464FDDD7C5BBC3D902" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A4FCD66960CB47D30EE6F465C372BECB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="32E3F79C6E72F90286B5A23F2305A1A8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="07F636FBD061EE7FDAE47BB4162E2B4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Horn, whereas
<bibRefCitation id="FE90B1070881AD8AC314E5C1E445547F" author="Cockerell, TDA" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="240 - 244" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" refId="B44" refString="Cockerell, TDA, 1906a. Preoccupied Generic names of Coleoptera. Entomological News 17: 240 - 244, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" title="Preoccupied Generic names of Coleoptera." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" volume="17" year="1906 a">Cockerell (1906a)</bibRefCitation>
proposed the name
<taxonomicName id="BF0540F6CD3B4A23ED2FCD1794A61A62" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F362FFD0D26078FA1E2C05523D4DEB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="FB946E94121E769B3F9BCC2BB40896BA" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7DF537A573E82AA289D5BCC87AADE41F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has priority, so it is the currently valid name for the genus, which was revised by
<bibRefCitation id="47CC311051BB19871972D6CC575061DC" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" publicationUrl="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" refId="B109" refString="Fernandez, LA, Bachmann, AO, 1987. Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 44 (2): 149 - 159, https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" title="Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" volume="44" year="1987">
<normalizedToken id="EBF14D6927CCCA9AA8D0745C2E823246" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
and Bachmann (1987)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3087DE30EA7C7901A74AEAAB07237BA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A3AD69B5777984ED1B68C31D48437412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9A5DE8D237314BF62BBA360C20D65A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
There are 13 species of
<taxonomicName id="52A227734C13C312730AF939239DB747" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A5313944256949AA3183DD95121F88B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described to date. The type species,
<taxonomicName id="6DE6B98500C8EA3B7306420702DE16FE" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="5C8A75867AED78DBD735BB7CA3EB886E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn), has generally been known under the name
<taxonomicName id="DF426B4F6A59BFF004D922C69F284672" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata striata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="D3FA135396C2F081E6EB6262256D913E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(originally published as
<taxonomicName id="461B008DB5B2BCBDBCB8FB7899794302" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
<emphasis id="08E1404C6D362E613365660A4A9F7631" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus striatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="EB31C383BB35949512F92718EAEECEE0" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
, 1841: 58, which is a primary homonym of
<taxonomicName id="18A00A60572B6C05C0F3F96D3D9CE334" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
<emphasis id="08EC47C1308F1819B3936562CFE601B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus striatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Say, 1825 [now
<taxonomicName id="B7F932CA7623DD7C4CAA16DAE8198C84" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
<emphasis id="ACCCAE17F42D3AE61C354E0BCE34A7DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Berosus striatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Say)]; therefore unavailable. The name
<taxonomicName id="25CC510B734E820BFB6DDAD85FADB4ED" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="6776BBDE4299DD4821383F0C6038C894" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) was then reinstated by
<bibRefCitation id="DE659DF024962DAF101B5095C88FDEF8" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
: 293). Photos of a syntype of
<taxonomicName id="E49DF757C7B9ACA9C95975DA73288ADD" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="A2BFB2F50008C5BF8DDB9E57CFB9F171" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn) are available at https://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Ent:101 (accessed 9 January 2021). The external morphology of members of
<taxonomicName id="82F26682F14E54BBEC8336CF02D8D2E5" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5FA1B4E46A6E6B0A749D61FE3B311A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very homogeneous. Some variation can be observed in the shape of the clypeus (e.g.,
<normalizedToken id="28410A3047B012517FE5EEA091893FEA" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
1987;
<bibRefCitation id="A42FDB537EEDFCF1EEA205055A90F7E6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="46B829745C31F90934DF5D50464FC7B5" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DA7F521A3CB88EB0461E1C5839AC846" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only Neotropical genus truly widespread in the New World, as it ranges from southeastern North America, all the way to Argentina and Southern Brazil.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92F74CA2ED9A9A52C48B418636E81830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
<paragraph id="28763C2170B6875DAAC5DFA8B16760A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5638AEFA4512ACF3C91D8791B22E6CA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2D60116B01A54B18F4A4A43922544339" authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata cuivaum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuivaum">
<emphasis id="8A2DE9596D3DB5D22F1E70331CBDC5B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata cuivaum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="95FE30EC6FE6FE46D80B79DD9E4D8186" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
(paratype),
<taxonomicName id="7C670C6F180A785202FF25E7070FA85E" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
<emphasis id="ED40C012470E153FE546ADCBF79603B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. larvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn), and
<taxonomicName id="CA1BFE547B6BEBFFF88E2FD971721EE7" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. lilianae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lilianae">
<emphasis id="2CD1A38B3198153444F585F03D6D89E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. lilianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="D23CC7992AF34D245E541B4265336F97" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
(paratype).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0930B3A3BBFC9590603DCF419A7AF226" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
<paragraph id="B8DFB8BB8226CAB06C7EA6933D21D04E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A37643B75AAB6D9DAB33C512ED3A4FB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="C28FAAE82C4B1489CD5133938D718015" author="Horn, GH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="118 - 137" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" refId="B172" refString="Horn, GH, 1873. Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13 (90): 118 - 137, https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" title="Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" volume="13" year="1873">Horn 1873</bibRefCitation>
: original description of the genus and the type species;
<bibRefCitation id="E1617E57DAC51410B9DD3EE959CE28E3" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="413 - 418" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" refId="B281" refString="Spangler, PJ, Cross, JL, 1972. A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85: 413 - 418, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" title="A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" volume="85" year="1972">Spangler and Cross 1972</bibRefCitation>
: description of egg case and first instar larva;
<bibRefCitation id="23AFE65E1D63AA38E6A0D98EC341CF8E" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" publicationUrl="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" refId="B109" refString="Fernandez, LA, Bachmann, AO, 1987. Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 44 (2): 149 - 159, https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" title="Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" volume="44" year="1987">
<normalizedToken id="05BE0F37A5E2F427DD709292706D171E" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
and Bachmann 1987
</bibRefCitation>
: review of the genus, description of four new species from Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay;
<normalizedToken id="37F00199D1816F30C1E8E5B0E303F364" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
2000: three new species from Venezuela;
<bibRefCitation id="6409D0E9CB3CB39CA2AFC77B5684A3AD" author="Makhan, D" journalOrPublisher="Calodema Supplementary Paper" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 3" publicationUrl="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" refId="B210" refString="Makhan, D, 2007. Helobata soesilae sp. nov. and Helobata aschnakiranae sp. nov. from Suriname (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Calodema Supplementary Paper 14: 1 - 3, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" title="Helobata soesilae sp. nov. and Helobata aschnakiranae sp. nov. from Suriname (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" volume="14" year="2007">Makhan 2007</bibRefCitation>
: two new species from Suriname;
<bibRefCitation id="2CDBF7C6E166ADC38C5BAA30A5B01868" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
: two new species from Brazil, review and new country records of Brazilian species;
<bibRefCitation id="3E13FB94FFC37CB63E6A081CE84999FF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
: new records from Brazil;
<bibRefCitation id="475EE825592845501AC7D7F109A91D69" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
: phylogenetic placement.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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