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<mods:title>The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="ADC07168FF6021C76B9F42B5F6FE8018">The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9B1D1754C6A834959BCF65AB40D800DE">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="03C14E13F4B9249425AF900E2D2DAA46">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DFAD417F25DE81B8B1D6502E181834E3" type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B864CEC655474033BF68062D16B2B84">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959285" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:02E38F608953FAA3FF90B1ED37DD0E62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/02E38F608953FAA3FF90B1ED37DD0E62" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="02E38F608953FAA3FF90B1ED37DD0E62" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959285" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:02E38F608953FAA3FF90B1ED37DD0E62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/02E38F608953FAA3FF90B1ED37DD0E62" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Garcia, 2001" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="5034125D332DA7791A9A38E55393A740" ID-CoL="8X7FX" authority="Garcia, 2001" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Globulosis
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="551EDDA3243559ABA9E53DDD0FEB69A0" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2001
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1U</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="8B26D3E1CF3EAF913047F1385ECDE24F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1U</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="182D021DD562776880AB8A9BEB979644" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="17939A99A5ADC171BB02E9199CEED2EA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="514C1DB7AFD9A555F92DDCE15C351EFF" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7A351BFF5A4E51FFF480142096F6E296" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulosis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="2B8F9553C3015C7E653E8FB37E6E8154" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="113502A3D45C880949409BE2B6C3574E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9DFFB09B5E7BC5FE9766BF3199571C15" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulosis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="0E4BC4B60B3F900089B8040DE5090AC8" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2001: 153.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6559CFEE550199F6725C829462AA5CC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EDBD8A5933D69B7F69A861FE46B3CDA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D0B84E487DFE1E9B9E254C4040AE9A99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis hemisphericus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemisphericus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis hemisphericus</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="6FEAC44499C630E3ED326C912CFD73B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="4862FC8DF7DB52BFF58AA45F1524E012" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21988AE5791162024EFB94CF8D6D6054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="08CBA7D5F5ADDCF4961690DC3E93E5CA" authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis hemisphericus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemisphericus">
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<emphasis id="5FB33318E41808CE8D010B15DA34B86E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis hemisphericus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="A46351D5B7BAA3D7F94FDAF89A6186E7" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2001: 153; by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="93DFEDAE6DFF03629142E70A8C8BA492" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2FEE76AC73270174B1A34E1D58742098" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="005D22BDD7994BE73CA416695CD222A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, body length 1.9-2.3 mm. Body shape rounded in dorsal view, strongly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="271EDC13BF4D8BE30268E7EAAB1B0F85" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of head, pronotum and elytra smooth, with moderate to shallow ground punctation. Coloration yellow to dark brown, uniform along body, with paler mouthparts and tarsi (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2DA4D19227FEB77974C4F210EBAE8CE4" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Shape of head relatively oval. Eyes relatively small, anteriorly emarginated (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D79527D977E180BDE6484F03C28A7C12" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), not projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin mesally broadly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with anterior depression limited by low transverse carina; surface of mentum only slightly striate. Antennae with eight antennomeres, with cupule only slightly asymmetric and rounded in outline. Maxillary palps slender, slightly shorter than width of head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3F8F3B4351390D12D43E0A540BE7BA62" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pronotum evenly convex. Elytra without sutural or other distinct striae, with outer margins slightly flared; elytral ground punctation shallow to moderate, uniformly distributed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="544E390B5FDD394F33EB98B6A4DE4C74" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of prosternum flat. Mesoventrite with transverse ridge, usually elevated medially into acute tooth (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="92A5BECBA608DAB1A5D3CBDE08A038F3" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly as width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite uniformly covered by hydrofuge pubescence, with small, longitudinal posteromesal glabrous patch, and reduced posterolateral glabrous patches (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2714011765FCBFBB63CCF2A4E6DE9E99" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row long, thick, semi erect and sparse; apical spurs of protibiae short and of moderate thickness. Metafemora with moderate tibial grooves; hydrofuge pubescence covering basal 4/5 of anterior surface (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7806B2EF264EAF78B905E2F0FC608072" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tarsomeres 1-4 ventrally with rows of long and thick setae. Metatarsomeres 2-4 gradually decreasing in size, 5 nearly as long as 2-4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite with small truncation at apex, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="77DF893576F048BAD56D202DE2F15AB7" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30J</figureCitation>
|
||||
); with short basal piece, less than 1/3 length of parameres; median lobe wider than width of parameres; gonopore well differentiated.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 32" startId="F32">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 32.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="07D56CA985DDE053FE6865EDC68BB3FE" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 32" startId="F32">
|
||||
<paragraph id="047EBE760D476E50D8152E344224D1C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="03B5EBB39A86BDF3006E4E2689701691" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 32.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis flavus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis flavus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="608AF4644EB1DB71BE671E0F566A56A1" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis flavus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="30F4A4D8E40FEE7FC464904C1F238C8B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis flavus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9928FCE9EB9E45F27E4CF87F979D2490" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E8A765B012976C285DBE41E835C33ED9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5A31908D2DCD4846C3F8705E945CE718" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ACCAF24A146C3624A0063D60549941DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="68108565DB38F44ABA4E5BA06659FD50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="94F0145ED53AA1B1790FDCE81653C895" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF1BC64893FE051A7D54B5C9E226084A" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9C16BEAF6C63680DDFE411F8E28E1D04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is among the smallest acidocerines. Its small size along with very round and convex body shape, sets it apart from all other acidocerines known to date.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6E88EFEFB459E797962AEF2748C4749D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="48D34976D46F7A1640222E16BD187F4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A400E8E961A210FDF1458A06749798E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E23BF7CF27D5187B1E67C616AD2A1AF5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (Amazonas,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F659B11DFB6F9708BE329408654B8AD2" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="73541B006DC823E01BA0FAE64DF42F21" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus is most commonly found along the margins of small, sandy forested streams, especially with vegetated margins. However, a few specimens have been taken in shallow swamps.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F257D88D73FE5463D13B6417B59A1593" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="16F98200E4F9472FE8CEA1F15C5A49E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="10187C0602E59A70D9DD80088539A660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus is most commonly found along the margins of small, sandy forested streams, especially with vegetated margins. However, a few specimens have been taken in shallow swamps.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="82C505E20F00A43707A5EEC4ADADA586" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="97AED43FDF4FA96BF3FDE313276F8826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="36D4EC42D776BE2C65593CC14C7D7684" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The immature stages of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D393DE33D5ADE814BFF1B4FD0E50492E" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CFE12CED81BF7C58406BA91C0963A9A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="151 - 160" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" refId="B126" refString="Garcia, M, 2001. Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 35 (2): 151 - 160, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" title="Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" volume="35" year="2001">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FFE73F5D6D685E330925C2C4C2E5C847" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5EA907EC13C4F79335141DF041558EEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7282D37AC148C7E77AA0E7A40D8E7F41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="24B91FEA9F0BB95A6CCAF6D35DE4800E" author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="151 - 160" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" refId="B126" refString="Garcia, M, 2001. Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 35 (2): 151 - 160, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" title="Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" volume="35" year="2001">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="00DFD4BD68DD69A64AE024432028881F" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(2001)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described the genus with one species, and placed it in its own tribe (
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Globulosina">Globulosina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F55EF18701126F17CA6FC1D717AED32" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Globulosina">Globulosina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, now synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4A27B0BF55A07942C01929D85A157D7B" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). The genus was revised in 2017 by Short et al., who described one new species and examined new material that greatly expanded the range of the previously known species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BF51FF64C8B6922A2CEB2C79285D3B25" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="301651DEB2B9BB4FFFAF17C63D1F99D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="33A24B290E75F00685ECA6038E4553F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are two described species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC5E4D7FFCB29361E2FF93CEC118C01F" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F83238E47990B9A21833D38E1D0E698D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. One female specimen from Colombia has been left unidentified as it could not be reliably assigned to any species. Because of the extremely uniform external morphology in the genus, the male genitalia is the most reliable feature for species recognition. Based on additional material we have examined the genus appears to be more broadly distributed in the Amazon region than as currently published.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9068459104011C8662B531134BE0A3E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="666AC9E19962A08EA1B0495BB8FA44C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="83916E081A88B487B447D40F8AD23F8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The holotype, along with several additional specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis hemisphericus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemisphericus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis hemisphericus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED03A922409386B85AFD92B318BD8372" authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis hemisphericus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemisphericus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="397D533BDFE98D9405723CD1CE99DC87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis hemisphericus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
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|
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<normalizedToken id="D074FB7E82ECE925CAFDF1873D78FB7C" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, and the holotype and paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. flavus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. flavus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2CD0D2F24719C65CC72072837C790E8C" lsidName="G. flavus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0CC748F9D5C22D2B192BD6F742F3D675" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. flavus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short,
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="B15A446DFE824418A2BAD9C7285653A2" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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&
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="64A572B96417CC371ACEEF11EF99930C" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
were examined in this study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="151 - 160" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" refId="B126" refString="Garcia, M, 2001. Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 35 (2): 151 - 160, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" title="Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" volume="35" year="2001">
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="A0B0C079F4B8D0302FFB27C810C620C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
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<paragraph id="BEC4369B4AB75826D22A6A58DF2A2495" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8846DB083EBE5916D9159A0837C6D793" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="28FACF685803912C8EE3203505AF92E5" author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="151 - 160" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" refId="B126" refString="Garcia, M, 2001. Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 35 (2): 151 - 160, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" title="Nueva subtribu, genero y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978" volume="35" year="2001">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="07ED8E3B4F951B96FCB7C047CCF5060F" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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||||
2001
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: genus description, monotypic;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4232.2.10" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="271 - 281" refId="B272" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, Giron, JC, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Globulosis Garcia, 2001 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 4232 (2): 271 - 281, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4232.2.10" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Globulosis Garcia, 2001 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4232.2.10" volume="4232" year="2017">Short et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="B2191580B5B771D410712966B073BD14" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4232.2.10" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="271 - 281" refId="B272" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, Giron, JC, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Globulosis Garcia, 2001 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 4232 (2): 271 - 281, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4232.2.10" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Globulosis Garcia, 2001 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4232.2.10" volume="4232" year="2017">Short et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of one new species from Venezuela, range expansion for type species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="5B3175D297574FE711BBBD71A913D343" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
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@ -1,472 +1,472 @@
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Genus
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Tobochares Short &
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, 2007
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1N, O</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 52</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 53</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 54</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. fusus C T. luteomargo D T. emarginatus E T. kusad F T. kasikasima G T. anthonyae H T. autures I T. communis J T. romanoae K T. akoreio. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 55</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2C83054C0B30C87C054DEC046F7C3487" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1N, O</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F3BF05C0B4DF35369D66B8E6D0AEACA4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B6FDAAF60284A2A5638ACE04586CF22B" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DA5BB6DCAD9334AB34FFB33ECDB00960" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8F9001778D40A2ACA3E5EC59801BF28F" captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 52</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6A1A1A317D7713D0603897A88E34CECB" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 53</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1DFAA9DBF8B4B2A023352ACA6070FC7C" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 54</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1D2DA172E7B4F2B59375C12BBB40E705" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. fusus C T. luteomargo D T. emarginatus E T. kusad F T. kasikasima G T. anthonyae H T. autures I T. communis J T. romanoae K T. akoreio. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 55</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4E82EAFFBA596E5D42736D4F1E9CA412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2668E33635635561965E6315C5AC8054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="00DA5BA680AEA15C2D409E7B7D954CBA" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short &
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D924822E2591157FF321025964CE4F61" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2007: 2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="261876DC81DE29059DD67181A698E2E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="43590F872B3DBD92AEE0384311F9E9A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9EE157B80131406ABF64ECCF50A8A254" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & M.Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C1E4A94EF15CFDB3C0BC4637759E83EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AAB196444347A7B8FBE0A3410177E5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AF114B675F720C7AC67EA588DB7DB957" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D505690D6322B72B9D58262AA6E603E" authorityName="Short & M.Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F92D988270AFEFAD6182F9A6D714008E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short &
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="93390477657EBB4559CFABDA79DF33C6" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2007: 4; by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EDF86296175A6B053301C7C5FC1F6CC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="59585579409508D69F4DD29BC82E89B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3B4D13DFA7BCCEE2C5315E6BAF2105B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, total body length 1.5-2.6 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view; moderately to strongly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="63A92EBBE9B0C885C66135DBC9DC1D4E" captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52</figureCitation>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1CDEC0C8C238B4FB91325C89AB1399BE" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||||
); dorsal outline usually evenly curved. Color yellowish brown, orange brown to dark brown, sometimes with paler spots on head, or paler margins of pronotum and elytra; ground punctation moderate to shallow. Shape of head somewhat oval. Eyes not emarginate (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="74564CB56AA9E713188C07C469D220E9" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) to strongly emarginate (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60AFA67A5F7D6AE7EF790BD2C5B2887A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), moderate to small in size, somewhat oval, slightly to strongly projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly emarginate; membranous preclypeal area often visible. Labrum fully exposed, convex, and anteriorly emarginate. Mentum rather smooth, often medially depressed, or anteriorly shallowly crenulated; median anterior depression marked by transverse carina (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9C1E601FB71492C50DDFDA2AF47A8EA2" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Submentum anteriorly smooth and shiny. Antennae with eight antennomeres, cupule slightly asymmetric with rounded outline. Maxillary palps from short and slender (slightly shorter than the width of the head; e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="14191543E7349E6696AF08A9E275FFF1" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) to very short and stout (nearly half the width of the head; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54E</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="50FE5CD8F521A31E13056B0BD97A1E3C" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54E</figureCitation>
|
||||
); maxillary palpomere 4 similar in length to slightly longer than palpomere 3; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 straight, outer margin strongly curved along apical 2/3. Elytra without sutural striae (in some species, stria 1 more strongly impressed along posterior half of elytra; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0634D46D099588F498DACD8C8B1E3114" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A, B T. kappel: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C, D T. akoerio: C dorsal habitus D lateral habitus E, F T. kolokoe: E dorsal habitus F lateral habitus G, H T. goias: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); elytral punctures seemingly arranged in rows, in some species more pronounced; interserial punctures occasionally longitudinally aligned; serial punctures sometimes impressed into distinct grooves (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C98709A47A2FC3CFC62D8506D6B8EF9C" captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Prosternum flat. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite either flat, bulging or with transverse or longitudinal ridge (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="46C73FA53A326B1CF3C195EA4836E2CD" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly 0.3-0.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2230ECFA6024729A64CB635C9E8892D9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely pubescent, except for median glabrous patch, either ovoid and broad (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="22DF2FB74C9A759984D928E538E9F667" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14G</figureCitation>
|
||||
) or longitudinal and narrow (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="27FAED4A41D82A36C38A6119AFBF2E21" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row hair-like, semi erect, relatively long and thick; apical spurs of protibia from very short and stout, to enlarged to reach apex of protarsomere 3. Tarsomeres 2-4 densely covered by hair-like spines on ventral face; metatarsomeres 1-4 similar in length, 5 nearly as long as 3 and 4 combined, or metatarsomere 2 similar in length to 5. Metafemora mostly glabrous, with only few scattered setae, sometimes with hydrofuge pubescence along basal half of anterodorsal margin (e.g., Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4261071403DB4A234B906D379AA3DBE3" captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. sulcatus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. luteomargo: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53 C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4C2AD81B331E13949FC0D9DDBEE6C306" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Habitus of Tobochares spp. A-C T. communis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F T. fusus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53 C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fifth abdominal ventrite apically evenly rounded, without fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. fusus C T. luteomargo D T. emarginatus E T. kusad F T. kasikasima G T. anthonyae H T. autures I T. communis J T. romanoae K T. akoreio. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A3E5BCC41FE1FFC12879C107CAF24C00" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. fusus C T. luteomargo D T. emarginatus E T. kusad F T. kasikasima G T. anthonyae H T. autures I T. communis J T. romanoae K T. akoreio. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with basal piece usually very short (nearly 1/3 length of parameres); median lobe usually broader than each paramere; median lobe and parameres apically rounded to truncate; apex of median lobe seldom medially emarginated; gonopore well developed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 52" startId="F52">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 52.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="85A82FDE30B16232C1CF7EA0C473E2A1" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 52" startId="F52">
|
||||
<paragraph id="10DF893BFACE0A2983BD6F8447B74AE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E7EBFF790500A399E3752D957BE1BDE0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 52.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6FA95101B004F9CDCDA91F18DD6EBFB7" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="22DB4265674E1552B147FB63DDEF2E09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sulcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B5F4451860C35EB3C7B4A661E895976" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC85D8A769C19CFF568929DB948A4C8" lsidName="T. sulcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FAEFF4527D14C375F939E21ED72C6374" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F430DEEAC68F14A7A77C408CDF6143B2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="29166C8EBEE371B7C7DB8D92EA5591F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="316D5B8A0B9EED9D26B31DD304D126DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="297B772425CD48597057953136955C3B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D59E6A2546DE640DBC8ABD619005EB89" lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0D167F906E9D11A8D012272AB01E9C3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2CFB9207B0E77F5D0C79F49802412313" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1459CF62BDE07F85C08827A1E4D85C0D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B05913F87CF1FE68A1BC1853C07D9927" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 53" startId="F53">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 53.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="3FA892C6363DD9C48D4863931D66F661" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557452" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 53" startId="F53">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9910A52845474A9E7040A84FFA985317" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F1F155F299192D2A1A543D4B8A10FB0E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 53.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6AF2D49621739C5CC3ABC7D7C42BC5CB" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="41717551EE810BDAAD2B7D5140D1C2F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="488780AE992CBB87E6BB12F59466A0E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9FBEED7F76B71E92FED1EC3572C1EDD2" lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E534614233A60BA6314380F76B3E121" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A34299CE3351BC3800A0E8695BED854" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BF9D7195077F5F6B23CDB8C9693D4B4B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5DF3CF92C440484A190BDC63AE70644E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FBF5C2A47C02FE139660D712FFBC5866" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9E716D1E5DF4ED5A089A4B0052187D7D" lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5FDC559BE4AD1957365193199239F221" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="35A532ED24CF70ECD004B90DF50A8700" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BE17990AAD1057C65B7C2410BF896421" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F3A8E5C30C560811F9A4B878EA9897D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8C7615B8B2E534C2A48454903322D89F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A7C7375118EEF700A322E0190A9755B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F9A8920DA2AECCB3805C77B1CCC2ADAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2DB3D1D4A8FBF4E11E6E1369AD71B9C2" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EB542E92089BB1B8E9363597EB420693" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are among the smallest acidocerines. Some members of the group are unique in the presence of impressed elytral striae (
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC632092122B10DE038A329C6A647AF4" authorityName="Short" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F9BBA4BBAA9AD36BC72C5FD7401A529F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F1AAAEA122AAA42B7B49756DAE427DC3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E99F44F39DEACA17C09CE59680133E87" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2021a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3ACEBDCA23D0ED0E1AFE7B1F33BB4DA" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1C306AA22E6C3B0664E09A51C9965B5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
without elytral striae may resemble some
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="911062818BC907FDA442926A512CBB24" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="25D29460FFC99CCA4BDF4E0E1E786180" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(with eight antennomeres and mostly glabrous femora), and other than their distributions (
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BAD2CCC5640A52648D485EC0AFB67A22" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E7BA63073E7E0C66583159922056AC2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the New World,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F0A08B6FB3E01E4D79C46DD3740724FD" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20D5666B32ED943ED2AAC9E958A4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Old World) and slight differences in overall body shape, they can only be differentiated by the shape of the aedeagus (slender in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="14466441CF7096C3B2C66BD88F03120D" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8251A429477B9F97BE28F5EB364C3D33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. fusus C T. luteomargo D T. emarginatus E T. kusad F T. kasikasima G T. anthonyae H T. autures I T. communis J T. romanoae K T. akoreio. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D5C6C1314783125365306CDA0E173579" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. fusus C T. luteomargo D T. emarginatus E T. kusad F T. kasikasima G T. anthonyae H T. autures I T. communis J T. romanoae K T. akoreio. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55</figureCitation>
|
||||
; overall broader in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8CCAD630E914085856A97BD6E469B2CA" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4ED61C02DD9ADA95B279AC057045B5CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Aedeagi of Agraphydrus spp. A A. attenuatus B A. gracilipalpis C A. masatakai D A. chinensis E A. puzhelongi. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Line drawings taken from Komarek (2018)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557419" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4DA64F9E6156903508C22FEB6CA68CD6" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Aedeagi of Agraphydrus spp. A A. attenuatus B A. gracilipalpis C A. masatakai D A. chinensis E A. puzhelongi. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Line drawings taken from Komarek (2018)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557419" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Within the New World,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F9E74F2CDC05B6F170E95848E7335229" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F8BDCF7D060D03EEACB4A0D663641E7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most likely to be confused with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1E12C066F1EF4AD0C67443B2B70067C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7BC7EB0FAA62081A90C3ED1607C01FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which also contains small, seepage-inhabiting species, although currently the ranges of the two genera do not quite overlap. However, the difference in the number of antennomeres (nine in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89DEA59CD565ECA25414838C50344C03" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A9EDD5D60FE1F1D63CF6A8B2741B9CD7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) provides a clear point of separation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 54" startId="F54">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 54.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="C08F71CF02B3E267F069A9B62A3A11AF" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 54" startId="F54">
|
||||
<paragraph id="82DC650B1D3155EDBC97E71832D5F271" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="52B5A9602A1BA048125860E1AE57EAA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 54.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED96997135C02AD6491AEE6FB9C8181E" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="61F594472E4E6958D20C50ED70EFBEB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kappel" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kappel">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kappel</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E7FD1ADBD4F7C60B17345815A5896384" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A72FE01A36685F2382EB57A2E2BBA088" lsidName="T. kappel" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kappel">
|
||||
<emphasis id="90CB253428FD95EFACA233A66CD35681" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kappel</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="80AB2D4FB90F2815043A82BBDC67C2BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="356A791D2F84AFFE06193C610C881A8A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3BBED99339E3114DA1F014D18E090B6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DDAB0F7CF7B3D5E778B6A89908018DFD" lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||||
<emphasis id="06B4AD8AF591E3DE29BF5711325902D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3D4B80D7199523B305EB5370D18B6FBE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A071986093A4B0DFE3BC9D520D9D4BB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kolokoe" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kolokoe">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kolokoe</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0F1151388AA3916C46A460068CA94DAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B6237546616FE981956AE150FC563960" lsidName="T. kolokoe" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kolokoe">
|
||||
<emphasis id="467334CA50213FC9A0E00CBD01F27AD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kolokoe</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="05DF9702A30F3FEBA4703E9CA919BFEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8B3499AEF2A37F6EE2A71F5F2FD60148" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="goias">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. goias</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="74CCBAB922F3216E159766AA06BE88F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3468589F9E568D6244AB37C92FD40EFA" lsidName="T. goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="goias">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E924FA97515FD76B200631E4EDF5F5EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. goias</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8CC9454441CF200961AA1A113D2EADFC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CFC16A98C10AA08987B148D5E678991F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 55" startId="F55">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 55.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="629578CEE6BF8271074DD64DCA998142" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 55" startId="F55">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F3EDE539E958772823A00C787FC4BB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E01F03338CA2216CAD0AE8773D1F75BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 55.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9048752059036502C2BE5AB1A40A60B1" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="23587C1933998318F81C56BFD2E01126" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. benettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="benettii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. benettii</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="637BF03A341E4B5F771EB464DE0B71BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9733CA38F74D0FFA671DD25E20FF5094" lsidName="T. benettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="benettii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C956345D459D0E8774249866F9632693" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. benettii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="54A361873CB0A77B35C3990A06BF4DB0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F3FAFA1E9BDE012A7B0D424C3A4DFB2F" lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0CA428F1050C1CA9B066010EB5513309" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF2B3DA2C345739610B9C77E77B9E1DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D880727CB28326032347EF03A019416" lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="160F79A6AEC45F05E42B59CE3672FAE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. emarginatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="971D1B5B909E163B2A707FE1D03116E6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="14C99F507572E539A70636D0C297144F" lsidName="T. emarginatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D9E3C668584EFDEF18DBF02409F9DD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kusad" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kusad">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kusad</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C822553ADC60B2209BEB2D995FF2144" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="45E7611551F02B75145BE85CFDA467E4" lsidName="T. kusad" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kusad">
|
||||
<emphasis id="978AB76EEF6779B18279A9D8C7559DB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kusad</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kasikasima" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kasikasima">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kasikasima</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E592F89281140805D855BA42B30E6D0D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="45F13A9168DD1F4831628698B1FAF304" lsidName="T. kasikasima" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kasikasima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="889167AA5B53F56509FF907DA4959A14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kasikasima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anthonyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="anthonyae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. anthonyae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6BC82185FC2FB9D5FDD40FE660E9D521" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A44F301A442FF5436545E224B19F02D8" lsidName="T. anthonyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="anthonyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F988B07F191A9EEA01A113DBD7959AB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. anthonyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. autures" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="autures">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. autures</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2C00FE95C9CB74D49F13E86771998416" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3AA03A09B3F89ED2BCB1AD4AF5632D19" lsidName="T. autures" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="autures">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A37E0C427E2DA4E467A1755319D2D5A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. autures</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7EDF08C120355150BB68DCCD171F4AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="93D5DA614BEF27591DC7B703382708A3" lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4199DEE210C63440D776C27CD479CDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9D936A6BFC753863CE325270718CE6DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="19B58483DFC43166F12CC62CC810588D" lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D7F895F64DE70C00F7FCD78CE2DF2715" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoreio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="akoreio">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. akoreio</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9787A3788F95AD9AE4D3FA3686FEC5A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E60FF2264C24FC90592B535E9044BA7E" lsidName="T. akoreio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="akoreio">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F39F53E170A7C2BECF3378A5C5835AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. akoreio</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F2767A5ECDE70DDA46285362F11E921" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-K</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE83DA898C0A9F364BFB4C2A793731F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-K</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FB3B0A42CAA827DC1A303D0F11E0284F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4E3D30D5D3D0D91EDAF3F0A049C81644" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0A26B52926065412774CCB3426B95348" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A814C39231BF4F4BE77D5C63150E57EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E1BA739A357DFAD63E5249C17BB795C0" originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Amazonas,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Goiás">Goias</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="06E8DC0C51366EE52E71B17FF1C11371" originalValue="Goiás">Goias</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Roraima), French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3528AFFCB2DE2D1F7B11B79472833A9C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="35D20FA2E6FEF7E88A0C76FA1F52242C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0218995B6A8EF9F124900FB22ECE62B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E464E4E7F72271E9E09B7AFC04E8802B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Most
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0F333F74D645C3BA812F051FE566C165" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="328D12C47582581977C9FDCAAA5C294B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimens have been collected at hygropetric habitats, including isolated hygropetric seeps as well as wet rock surfaces along rivers and waterfalls. They can sometimes be found in large numbers. One species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13484316C7AEC08C086E219C65706A34" lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="089B010812E56465D7C134D002DA03A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, has been collected in both seepage habitats as well as terrestrially in the rotten fruits of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Clusiidae" genus="Clusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clusia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BB1981D0F96CB06F9C15706EBA40059E" class="Insecta" family="Clusiidae" genus="Clusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clusia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AA2A5FE9481C49786FBC76DB18A07654" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8F92200D797E1877F44ECCB104E9B30F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="548B1E8C26D2B36C7D9BFD74175589D5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E42C6E3B8039D6C49A26DC3D4B204518" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2021a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for more details).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DDA12910F68BA959A2FACF9625BD4846" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47FAB02DCB4E7BFC91115AEC00126EF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7488DE935F6F5E7F10F01C23353D6C85" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The immature stages of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="33650A06186D66EED19FDDD3683B426C" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6806539CFD9DAB3FD197E888D01D1D5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B267" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2007. Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Aquatic Insects 29 (1): 1 - 7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" title="Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" volume="29" year="2007">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0E1984E4FA266035163F0F687811A62B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="816C8904FC2A94D418EFF4D48DDCFA6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="57D1BFD748DE5E449CEF59CFC35D93DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0DAA22A11FAE9BE94AFC28A853B74361" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B267" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2007. Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Aquatic Insects 29 (1): 1 - 7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" title="Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" volume="29" year="2007">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DDFA6F2DC9A15ACC96848E217AB95A75" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(2007)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described the genus and one species from Venezuela. Additional species were described from Suriname, one by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" editor="O'Shea, BJ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 90" publicationUrl="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" refId="B271" refString="Short, AEZ, Kadosoe, V, 2011. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: O'Shea, BJ, Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 90, http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname." year="2011">Short and Kadosoe (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0435A5BC3CFFE543DCB5B819503D2B28" author="Short, AEZ" editor="O'Shea, BJ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 90" publicationUrl="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" refId="B271" refString="Short, AEZ, Kadosoe, V, 2011. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: O'Shea, BJ, Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 90, http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname." year="2011">Short and Kadosoe (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and two more by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" editor="Alonso, LE" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 89" publicationUrl="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" refId="B263" refString="Short, AEZ, 2013. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 89, https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname." year="2013">Short (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EAE40A8D06D6701A58CCDA1C4FE8BEA5" author="Short, AEZ" editor="Alonso, LE" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 89" publicationUrl="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" refId="B263" refString="Short, AEZ, 2013. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 89, https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname." year="2013">Short (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The genus was revised by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D039776FF5E13A526F5F4D8E191004FC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, including the description of five new species and the characterization of one specimen from
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="512C2E33305068BBFF98FF9BC040671C" originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
de la Selva (Venezuela) left undescribed until additional material can be studied. The genus was reviewed again just a few years later by
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9021B5E8D629B8B6037D3837B67EFDFF" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short (2021), in the light of new molecular evidence, describing 15 additional new species and establishing four diagnosable species groups.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FE0DF68413C974D818A5A70B997747EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="83957D71EFD8B047FA4A1AC94CBBD09C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="95A38976BB39F73482244E6A45B77286" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are 24 described species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17FBA050FA3545DE3B3CD4711EB2986C" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BBDDAC615683D55617117EF26B756CC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The genus is rather highly variable in its external morphology: there is variation in coloration, the degree of emargination of the eyes and the degree of development and extension of the elytral striae. The form of the aedeagus is also somewhat variable, although not as extreme as in some genera such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ACE65ABD80B02F42ECF5A5303DD863F1" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1CB2950D25BF19A89E9A2E440B964D43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="50B1684AA8345485166249E728592588" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0D0333D4AC7935E09EE7F6488ECFFB8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus is much richer in species and more broadly distributed in the Amazon region than as currently published. We have examined numerous additional specimens from around the Amazonian region, particularly the southern Amazon (e.g., Brazil: Rondonia) from where the genus is currently unknown. We would not be surprised if the genus exceeded 50 species when more attention is paid to seepage habitats in this region.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7A80C47BC9ED76809897E225947B7207" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus is much richer in species and more broadly distributed in the Amazon region than as currently published. We have examined numerous additional specimens from around the Amazonian region, particularly the southern Amazon (e.g., Brazil: Rondonia) from where the genus is currently unknown. We would not be surprised if the genus exceeded 50 species when more attention is paid to seepage habitats in this region.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes, paratypes, and additional specimens of all described species, as well as several undescribed species were examined for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EE04C64A496A74AD71F86AF9B7EF7F10" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CC998C6B9159678E8F2357824C0B0F45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5B84F48A1D948D9136EC078A6240F88E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes, paratypes, and additional specimens of all described species, as well as several undescribed species were examined for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B267" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2007. Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Aquatic Insects 29 (1): 1 - 7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" title="Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" volume="29" year="2007">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9E78D53B90E0702DDA9F7AA0B30F4BB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C354EE20C5282B18683B06532585922" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="137AD08AE577E764E3D68A6FCFA3A676" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5B1D813F48D6CE0D911B0FFCF72B1107" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B267" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2007. Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Aquatic Insects 29 (1): 1 - 7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" title="Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869" volume="29" year="2007">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4641C91435D2688507D64C4E4343062E" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and its type species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" editor="O'Shea, BJ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 90" publicationUrl="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" refId="B271" refString="Short, AEZ, Kadosoe, V, 2011. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: O'Shea, BJ, Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 90, http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname." year="2011">Short and Kadosoe 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FE3F77D7B6965A668FE200EA8C89480B" author="Short, AEZ" editor="O'Shea, BJ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 90" publicationUrl="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" refId="B271" refString="Short, AEZ, Kadosoe, V, 2011. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: O'Shea, BJ, Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 90, http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Kwamalasamutu Region, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1896/054.063.0107" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, Southwestern Suriname." year="2011">Short and Kadosoe 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of one additional species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" editor="Alonso, LE" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 89" publicationUrl="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" refId="B263" refString="Short, AEZ, 2013. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 89, https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname." year="2013">Short 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C3DBCC2D6F66A40189661AB5844760E1" author="Short, AEZ" editor="Alonso, LE" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 89" publicationUrl="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" refId="B263" refString="Short, AEZ, 2013. Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera). In: Alonso, LE, Larsen, TH, Eds., A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment (Vol. 67). Conservation International, Arlington: 79 - 89, https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" title="Chapter 4. Aquatic Beetles of the Grensgebergte and Kasikasima Regions, Suriname (Insecta: Coleoptera)." url="https://bioone.org/ebooks/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment/A-Rapid-Biological-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Palumeu-River-Watershed/Chapter/Aquatic-Beetles-of-the-Grensgebergte-and-Kasikasima-Regions-Suriname-Insecta/10.1896/054.067.0112" volumeTitle="A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname." year="2013">Short 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of two additional species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B742163AD7ED2CB1B5AC4F6DF5B486F0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: revision of the genus and description of five new species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
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and Short 2021a
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: review of the genus with description of 15 new species and establishment of four species groups;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
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@ -1,318 +1,318 @@
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sindolus Sharp, 1882</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 51</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="E8468F5A5FBC0AAF7BD8F02AD4912A2B" ID-CoL="8XPVZ" authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sindolus Sharp, 1882</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="B2E717AD3034F981BAD6DB56848585F5" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="96541E66CC24BEC4ABDF55A15EBEF6D0" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="9AE646CB6825CBF3055347BB3B52E414" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 51</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sindolus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="58BF49641147D7DE32739648552048B0" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sindolus</taxonomicName>
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||||
Sharp, 1882: 72.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Sindolus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sindolus">Helochares (Sindolus)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="D63FF8966616DCB5E0B5526BFE72C42B" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Sindolus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sindolus">Helochares (Sindolus)</taxonomicName>
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Sharp;
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0F6CA126075142DF940A9A6E461CE8" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
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1919c
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: 148; Knisch 1924: 199;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">Hansen 1999b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="967EE2B58551F1E47133FB43111C9A65" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">Hansen 1999b</bibRefCitation>
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: 158.
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|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9FC193232C92BD5FF803348D85625CF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FFE002C1814CFD2A9F3D4E419AD0E9B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="39FEC82DD8D11EFA3AE5932EB8F8943A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus optatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="196CB0EEE216CCFC401F7B9A864F654A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="75D7A44A14F9AC2033C18F010E05AED1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3506C64CCAE6B9B2BFA856491514000" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E947C4664AD2E778A464138D298434ED" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus optatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4738477B130B4BF8FC2C8DA155251D15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
1882: 72; by subsequent designation (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="5C8E448A8D809E8284495010D10179DF" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 292).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A652E6644C1155359B69918039AFCD86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="30254291E1E8060E88BCE908E4EDD372" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="762B4909C23841336BDB257D36A1A8F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small to medium sized beetles, body length 2.5-5.0 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, moderately to strongly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="03DD778CD704D4F99EB75A27EEFB72D2" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51</figureCitation>
|
||||
); dorsal outline usually evenly curved. Dorsal surfaces even and smooth, yellowish, orange brown to brown and rather uniform in coloration; ground punctation fine and extremely shallow (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="095825AF4BCC125931AA6B1CA7B0AA01" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51A</figureCitation>
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). Shape of head trapezoid. Eyes not emarginate, moderate to relatively large in size, subquadrate, separated by nearly 5
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="09AC75D05902A389FEFF6758498427C8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of eye, only slightly projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly and slightly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed, convex, and anteriorly emarginate. Mentum rather flat, with few shallow transverse crenulations on anterior region; median anterior depression relatively shallow, sometimes marked by transverse carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B7699856D118E3E49CC7EE1E20D890BD" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
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). Submentum smooth to very shallowly sculptured. Antennae with nine antennomeres, with strongly asymmetric and round cupule; antennomere 9 nearly 3
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B7A95AE7F705E9CD4F8A5A1504DA99E5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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longer than antennomere 8. Maxillary palps slender, 1.2-1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8BA71308369661CF699567B48A97D8B3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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longer than maximum width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 usually evenly weakly curved, outer margin curved along apical third; palpomere 4 nearly 0.8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D1EAB8EA40CB1D171AE474974762F294" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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as long as palpomere 3 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F00A842C116B79610E65A741CD0E4B50" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
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||||
). Pronotum evenly convex, usually with systematic punctures forming distinct anterolateral semicircles. Elytra without sutural striae, with margins only slightly flared; serial punctures absent; scarce systematic punctures, bearing moderately long setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0F543FF8D07CA57D18EDD5D590E7E64B" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51A</figureCitation>
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). Surface of prosternum somewhat longitudinally elevated, sometimes with low and blunt longitudinal carina; anterior margin acutely to roundly projected anteriorly. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with sharp and strongly elevated (laminar) longitudinal carina, with the ventral edge of the carina usually straight and parallel to the body (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="4F2B68E2B5C28E3DE461DB4675C80B83" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly half width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely and uniformly covered by hydrofuge pubescence (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8E27241313A3FC13723782F524AE466B" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with anterior row of spines reduced (short appressed spines) to extremely reduced (tiny denticles); apical spurs of protibiae moderate, broad and reaching apex of protarsomere 2. Metafemora with tibial grooves sharply marked, and hydrofuge pubescence covering at least basal four fifths of anterior surface (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="10737A3214DE66C6F4625738598E7F88" captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Habitus of Sindolus optatus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metatarsomere 2 slightly shorter or similar in length to metatarsomere 5, metatarsomere 2 similar in length to metatarsomeres 3 and 4 combined; ventral surface of all tarsomeres with long setiform setae on ventral surface (tarsomeres 1 and 2 with small stout spines). Abdomen with five pubescent ventrites. Fifth abdominal ventrite emarginate at apex; emargination fringed by stout setae. Aedeagus divided (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49E, F</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="27B682AA99F6DA9BB2BDFD0A2439C60E" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49E, F</figureCitation>
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||||
), somewhat pear-shaped, with basal piece nearly 0.3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="776FEB25A8BA3DF72ECCD0646711A63F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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length of parameres; parameres slender, narrowing apically, with outer margins at least slightly sinuated, usually apically rounded; median lobe divided into dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate of median lobe medially bifurcate, with narrow, slender and apically rounded lobes; ventral lobe of median lobe varying in width and length, usually very lightly sclerotized; gonopore well-developed, usually positioned at midlength of aedeagus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 51" startId="F51">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 51.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="9F92C6304063762D2B02FE35BF938805" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557450" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 51" startId="F51">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D2C35CDB8C2F35A7C27851AB80495F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A48D52D3DC3C867256E45A48A691C0A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 51.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus optatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6EC62DCA1504AC2DE0931BE5B5B5F992" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus optatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A3999CFB70BB0CF3E7B9E4730F318197" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="27ADECDBFE5E79E611942B2E9F0D5D5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="DBF6BF177B78A52864DC901DABE2296A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E431BB5054A14883AE745A98CCA72D7F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3C4EC2A26FDC480B15DC1304A8A4C8B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8FF66DEB98D0773D63840F89F7413726" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="08CA8B36FE15CB970D804160B0B79EF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="443249A4AE64098CE8F29BA819280CAC" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA03581BE245667C32A11CC48FC7CF35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only known genus of acidocerines that bears a sharp and strongly elevated (laminar) longitudinal carina.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6DE1023E1132498C4EE0B56937F62A90" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1443A30B288E3330D5F71AE18C387B15" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D94069A0B808544EC3142B46E9FD98BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0891482FC122F54A5F5C059A5F96EEE1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul), Colombia [in doubt;
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F89982D06BBF6DE82A22850ACD69AE7E" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1943d: 56], Costa Rica, French Guiana [in doubt;
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7AD8DA7532891A82210CDE90C09BD7E7" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1943d: 56], Guatemala, Lesser Antilles (Antigua), Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Uruguay; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="29F2B33D9DD0FECAC4E7540BB86FD119" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus mundus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F7E6121DBD3690C58A5199AE44F4E328" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="659A6ECE57511252B99E99CE86CF3217" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="16FD5905C75A429A63B0F05D5C57635B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6883DC39E4713B022FC4B902B8341426" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus mundus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C4BD18BA4F4B6AA63A7A82DF26C3669" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. optatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AA1064D1BD84ED709082BF0B83239439" lsidName="S. optatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="88526F2BF3F29B0EA100A5C4572614E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp have been collected in stagnant waters at low elevations in dry areas; both species have been collected at mercury vapor lights in a drying lowland marsh where
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. optatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4BAA7C722055E68AF5BA8881C695AECB" lsidName="S. optatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D20AEC2069C46441173E74C911364202" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp was extremely abundant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="63931AC94D58C5E920BE41372E08BFDF" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="638CF78123FD29AE9AF3455B55BDB1E5" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Kehr studied the annual life cycle (1994) and the spatial and temporal distribution (1995) of a population of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. femoratus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0876889A5D07C9E64780F2ECBF669F00" lsidName="S. femoratus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9B51F668ABFB47E6D57B9DE54CAF6D52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Argentina.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="22AF13508652D35D19986DB96FA2BD14" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AD3D45B9057C5EEACCDF4AED88635DBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5DE3674E5E90982145C6E677551F3061" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Immature stages are known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus talarum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talarum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus talarum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ACD740B64C8B85367F842BBA415B41F6" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus talarum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A532DF97FE3E425B8C0D991F1365598D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus talarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="049D5181EB348101E35441E5C399CB8F" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talarum" subGenus="Sindolus">Helochares (Sindolus) talarum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17AE836D581FD75E7995265DA7E5AC84" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talarum" subGenus="Sindolus">Helochares (Sindolus) talarum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); egg case, first, second and third instar larvae and pupae were all described and illustrated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="40C7300E5C837E1E1813778370F23C99" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C59343C5AA3B8F6B9841A6291CAB3425" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1983)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. From each egg case between 25 and 40 larvae emerged; some larvae perforated and entered the aerenchyma of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Spirodella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirodella intermedia" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spirodella intermedia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FB18E2AAF977AC6349D802C280F1B557" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Spirodella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirodella intermedia" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1E6E346D608F1951B728D9BC8499B77F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spirodella intermedia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viskova" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="94E818E6609099C3E2F1EA6BA3DD601D" authorityName="Viskova" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and spent some time in there, apparently breathing the air stored in the plant tissues (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="00C8D4F20953F61BDAFB80AF3E051574" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="862E6F507357039EC1B866339512662D" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In Argentina (Buenos Aires Province) first instar larvae start appearing in September, become abundant in October, and in November and the first two months of the summer all larval stages are abundant; at the end of March third instar larvae are the most common.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 83" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" refId="B108" refString="Fernandez, LA, 2004. Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 130 (1): 77 - 83, https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" title="Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle)." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" volume="130" year="2004">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D43C82E2F9E3DEEA4B732CF6E2077821" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 83" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" refId="B108" refString="Fernandez, LA, 2004. Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 130 (1): 77 - 83, https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" title="Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle)." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" volume="130" year="2004">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D5B974168AE1FCDD3F3C9E8F65CDDB91" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(2004)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also described the egg case and third instar larva of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="01C8A0DADD02B6F6C12D887AE05F6528" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F6C21C61E907BC4B53736C14E3C70E5F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="00A3720324144F1AE33FA4A092A1482A" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (as
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="E.Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Sindolus) femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus" subGenus="Sindolus">Helochares (Sindolus) femoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="67816617B766E0CEF19710052356F811" baseAuthorityName="E.Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Sindolus) femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus" subGenus="Sindolus">Helochares (Sindolus) femoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AB9CC0CAA8E05F9CC63511203C702B5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="14C25372B9DF0956C84AAF261B00E3F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5442B97C55821D1165E7007E967C62D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Originally described as a genus by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp (1882)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0DD128EE36CF645CC2DECC1CBF552B1F" author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp (1882)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
to accommodate two species from Central America; downgraded to subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16C71BEEBFE6412995038C6E2FCFDA0F" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED44AD6001FC2E9608F8961AF2931C8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2FA5430A81CE0DDC73A6DB9ED9E2C2C2" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E421B3418359E68F2651C1FF545BDF9A" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1919c)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0A23CA7EE72B635E483FB8B32289E0DA" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: designates type species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5A9DF8C9E8FD0720932DF45989F9B3E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="54BA1EF0702D7E13E2CB0FECB193DBDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="64756E147CE086EC1DAA3AD93B5F305A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are eight species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C086F1733157C63452E5C56CFEAF54FD" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA1F11208651127E29FEB1F0B3189633" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described. The genus is among the most easily recognized acidocerines in the New World.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A95FC8224776B698135E3FFE9FCFE181" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5F1D663571630B9145A4AB54C6B4780C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F718B5FD167ED8FF571F17C4F46399A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5C3691385625362851801BF1FBD0736F" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA57734B4401E696C719CF98B673E3C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EDCCBABA70E5F239F62A6974AD6C1A77" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. mundus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7F07B5A036F2940738BA7043F411FA87" lsidName="S. mundus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="392299B8F7561941C8FAC8960E7099B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. optatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E49B8D46E6A753ABC0426A2CF5BED6E4" lsidName="S. optatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="optatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="277E5D30EB24CFD5ACB1CB209EE114CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. optatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp. One of the available specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. mundus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C5F7501437222A87A17FE2846FF795DE" lsidName="S. mundus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0150913EFF2E10296E94C74F3FEA2434" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
had been previously compared wit the holotype by A. Shohrt.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F2C368745535A0C06E480D25315D56F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="40E1BF45C6ABF9EAFCA902BEAE406095" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="943A1CFB9039AE16AE5F5125A5FAD407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="83483E666D13996BA9452B39A8EB8E1D" author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and two species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 192" refId="B102" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1981. Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (3): 189 - 192" title="Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1981">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C98B09852905347BC227D93D21EEF846" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 192" refId="B102" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1981. Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (3): 189 - 192" title="Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1981">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AB91B2D6AEB43FE2C6FD4937BAFF2611" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1981
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of two new species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3F6083C9084405F2F66BEEE4D3F3777D" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
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<normalizedToken id="D668E1D7B5431FA4B7A09B71A9148957" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of immature stages for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus talarum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talarum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus talarum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C42CE20A05A38F976AB9443B5BC8ABEE" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus talarum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBF98316EDC37F453CE1B5C11F5A9CE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus talarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D0995A775286380C4B8C7B44CC3190B3" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 83" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" refId="B108" refString="Fernandez, LA, 2004. Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 130 (1): 77 - 83, https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" title="Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle)." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" volume="130" year="2004">
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FB64892E6FE1C56E92928C1A348028CD" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 83" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" refId="B108" refString="Fernandez, LA, 2004. Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 130 (1): 77 - 83, https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" title="Larvae of Neotropical Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): Description of H. femoratus (Brulle)." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25078837" volume="130" year="2004">
|
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<normalizedToken id="2689988EE703EF46F7B5D1C347BAC1D7" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
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2004
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of immature stages for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C231A4462E71F8D349BA52017CC45A8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus femoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07FD9D1F0E2CC2917239EDAC8587A516" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus femoratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BF631AF1E50B710981B6A39FD411EFD7" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="C04D4363CC75ED02E6462D7E24BE4524" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,287 +1,287 @@
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<mods:identifier id="DDBD3A8C04ECD13789806831E5333A08" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4DAB11481D233990F7E043E3655AC95E" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1045-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B49368E86973E9AC7370F8F6DC7C1B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B49368E86973E9AC7370F8F6DC7C1B5" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<treatment id="1B49368E86973E9AC7370F8F6DC7C1B5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B49368E86973E9AC7370F8F6DC7C1B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B49368E86973E9AC7370F8F6DC7C1B5" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EC2380F3DA6EDFA71321CAB12491FD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7FF9D1E62118D98F823792E1B3808772" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hansen, 1991" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Batochares Hansen, 1991</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Examples of seepage habitat for Acidocerinae A, B marginal seepage along river (Guyana: GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D isolated seep on granite inselberg (Venezuela: VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E, F hygropetric zone next to waterfall (Venezuela: VZ 12 - 0122 - 03 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 22D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="016ADF26CCF98C8FA6FF31B82CF85D9F" ID-CoL="8XJXL" authority="Hansen, 1991" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Batochares Hansen, 1991</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="336F3ECB17FFC39BFA2D5D1018B898E1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="646385876A4F336CD1B26CE2F7B83EC3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F16EA7220145A8C01A5633CEB2D4A241" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8943C404870FBC9CA6C9AAC819304784" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Examples of seepage habitat for Acidocerinae A, B marginal seepage along river (Guyana: GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D isolated seep on granite inselberg (Venezuela: VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E, F hygropetric zone next to waterfall (Venezuela: VZ 12 - 0122 - 03 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B13B369EE0FA1FA5355DC2E2C0E589DE" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 22D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="731DD8F6AD76FCCB1E944A172A81C983" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Batochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3F1EE43F0FAB10804050BBA665A3EF60" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="819480D828E52378DB55DE000A3FBAA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1A16CE4E9879CB0C6AF1956F963072C4" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Batochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="77C5D05220E1C21A01A33834FEEFDE5E" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1939b: 293 [Described as subgenus; unavailable, ICZN (1999) Art. 13.3: no type species designated].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF49CDFFE92A053FD27844AE345D235E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1C0F6D16CA1BDFB26BAD3BB4F2F047FA" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fixed as subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8D16F5C7125658D156D974681BE79C2E" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0882EDEDADE96417DD88535C262EF58F" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 292) [available, granting authorship to Hansen under ICZN (1999) Art. 50.1.].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3AF5928E2C4BB2C473F234531F42FC5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="48E512EF52222D1FED2609C19DC4F262" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Elevated to genus by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F2D198B7D767097FC3AFF4A673E7C969" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3388951A7B7EF765F619B78399B56291" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3FAE5FC4E614629BB237EF684D8677E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8747C9A30B86A32F5749C3A5B84E9D9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Batochares) burgeoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burgeoni" subGenus="Batochares">Helochares (Batochares) burgeoni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="57BA1590E12503F5DCDE61B2A7C5A74F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="454B262FBD98FFDBC9604F13B38298BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6C327C4F079DD2EB1924161B5B839FA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CF893BE7983993B03E348B4C8444AC14" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Batochares) burgeoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burgeoni" subGenus="Batochares">Helochares (Batochares) burgeoni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="63FC333932256F3BD678CDA9639FA205" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1939b: 294; by original designation (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="052F3F682013F755E5CFED1C9C4C673D" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 292).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D40FA65CD94B5A43674414221A5CD2F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="975C46FC3E933FD9109B9F85E35A06C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8F9720294ACAEE9FC12F0248EF8F1C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Body length between 3-4 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, moderately convex in lateral view, with dorsal outline nearly straight along basal 2/3 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60F9E8ABA364214B8A37E56A24ECC1A6" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsal surfaces smooth, uniformly covered by short setae, brown to pale brown in coloration, either uniform or with yellowish patches along margins of pronotum and elytra, or scattered throughout surface giving spotted appearance (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23A, B</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="F1FD05C834381AB0A59EE407DD447F2A" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); ground punctation fine and shallow; ventral surfaces rather densely covered by rather long and fine golden setae. Head rather oval in dorsal view, clearly constricted at anterior margin of eyes (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="61CCAF16DCEA69372EF00F4D6A0B9C64" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes not emarginate, moderate in size, separated by nearly 3.8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C065C5C7B006EDB498833A931030EE34" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of eye, strongly projected from outline of head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A10E22DB65C8B82B8286ECA7051AFA36" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Clypeus with anterior margin broadly emarginate, with medial region of emargination nearly straight; anterior corners round. Labrum fully exposed, with apical region anteriorly flattened, thus forming fine transverse carina across anterior region (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="637F96C383BF009B4AF15DDB2964C11D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mentum rather flat, surface laterally punctate, mesally and anteriorly striate, with anteromedial region depressed. Submentum finely and shallowly punctate. Antennae with nine antennomeres, with strongly asymmetric and round cupule. Maxillary palps nearly 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AD5548B228C3B8534D2DD3022C2BB153" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than maximum width of head, with palpomere 4 0.8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="156864868B36D28FD24A1ADA5A90C26E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as palpomere 3 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="800D666BCE946EB01E09FC21D315E8FB" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin apically slightly curved. Pronotum medially evenly convex, explanate and somewhat bending upwards along antero-lateral areas; posterior margin of pronotum clearly narrower than anterior margin of elytra combined. Elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins explanate, especially along anterior third; serial punctures well developed, forming longitudinal rows, at least well defined along outer areas, or visible along entire length of elytra; seta bearing systematic punctures irregularly distributed. Surface of prosternum slightly elevated along midline, with anterior margin acutely triangular and slightly projected anteriorly. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite rather flat; intercoxal process of mesoventrite broad (nearly as wide as antennal club), apically truncate; anapleural sutures sinuate, separated at anterior margin by distance slightly shorter than anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite with medial surface elevated as platform, densely covered with hydrofuge pubescence, except for posterolateral patches (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4EB3412DD3BC85ECB46A63395E457289" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row very fine and erect; apical spurs of protibiae small (larger spur similar in size and shape to tarsal claws). Metafemora without tibial grooves; metafemora with hydrofuge pubescence covering at least basal 2/3 of anterior surface (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B0056004E6C5A9BDE581E907A0332494" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Habitus of Batochares sp. A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metatarsomere 5 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CB981C76DE27938DBF2B59DA23998077" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than metatarsomere 2, metatarsomere 2 nearly as long as metatarsomeres 3 and 4 combined; tarsomeres 1 to 4 with sparse long setae on dorsal surface, and spiniform dense setae on ventral surface; tarsomere 5 with few setae along apical margin. Abdomen with five pubescent ventrites. Fifth abdominal ventrite with apex broadly truncate, without stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed, with basal piece nearly as long as parameres (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="28B44DA9D847B311F48F9366A325163D" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); parameres somewhat triangular, slender and apically narrowing; median lobe tapering to round apex; gonopore well-developed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="2AD2F52184E3744D008DF0B138AB8B18" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C193343E0CC0E6C92539DB2F81806ED6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F77888C149369E8A2DAAC30FF0C026C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8444B69A7D004EB3821FA8B8371E30A9" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A463459A5304D52543510144223D40F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D42A7FE5F1B5A92131B6DF5622DF66F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="47B82F6D37340EEA1EC450F196D0C20B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="33FBC5CF860B2D7FBBCD6A50D11C28AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="191FE8006812465F72DD1491188B8B6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6641FBE8EEF8B25F20CC20F6947CDAD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8FBBADEEE09B5DF14E69CF24BB82D9BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4141FE1C85BABCF15172C8E5A42F3C7B" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F77D55C6C69BA2C300575DC841F3712C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from all other known acidocerines by its unique labrum (with apical region anteriorly flattened, forming a transverse carina across anterior region; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FCD7843B5BDA9C3A2755E5C9A0F05334" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), combined with oval head which is constricted at the anterior margins of the eyes, anterolaterally explanate pronotum, explanate elytra, rows of serial punctures visible at least along outer margins, broadly truncate posterior margin of fifth abdominal ventrite, and unusually large basal piece of the aedeagus (longer than parameres). These features, especially the configuration of the labrum, pronotum and elytra, along with the yellow spots along the surface of the elytra distinguish
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9386E129859AD8C2E2C886915933F9A9" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="56375591A60020C424B7F86D59133753" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from all other known acidocerines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F35CF9188FBDC419B2D01AF9DA1FDD13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E703640E95B4839D3DA90B434B9BDAF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="862D6693E36457DBF18FD1F3E9CB2F9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3AE4F2D38E89DD538C796CF86ACAAC61" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Burundi/Rwanda, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Kenya, Republic of the Congo, Uganda; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="04FCEF50778C7121CDFD14F9C9EF6F08" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Little natural history information is available for the genus. Recent collecting data for a few series suggests it may be associated with the margins of streams and small rivers.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="87E7D97A83EB056D51958C3C7E08BB48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="30FF17D91ACEF8D71182BB71531E73A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C12DB7A9BB9381514B77FBC92AAD1E94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Little natural history information is available for the genus. Recent collecting data for a few series suggests it may be associated with the margins of streams and small rivers.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2352330AEE621E11C276232D91893C52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9EDCA612FF268F7EA36C84750EE930D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="244A8A61EB6A074FA4849AF04C392CD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Immature stages for
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3B657C248B7B9FB9D7F2CC181FD8B349" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7ADAA13AC019E31514905A7B9AE4F91" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E8E9AC58ED72654818C8104F15FD89EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C862A098E7A8BEA0B1C6CF082AB3BB7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BA22A58F0F865CE95EE5E055E1F609EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9428689F7A09195DFECC8E12C194488" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="32100833A4943F6A2B99F73BEFBF3179" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was described as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E6BFEF89FB689430167649DA8D6589CB" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="79E899A7E2F9C358B422928E949DD766" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 323" refId="B74" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1939b. Notes sur des Helochares africains. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 79: 293 - 323" title="Notes sur des Helochares africains." volume="79" year="1939 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4E9B7DF1C508784C761B64E9AA726CC6" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 323" refId="B74" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1939b. Notes sur des Helochares africains. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 79: 293 - 323" title="Notes sur des Helochares africains." volume="79" year="1939 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="28DB65C40A7C0914F8518BE3609F4E15" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1939b)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
who did not explicitly designate a type species; therefore, the subgenus name was unavailable according to article 13.3 of the ICZN (1999). In 1991, Hansen validated
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42E261D556A77C646D0DA34B81474066" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9904738D2562798DBD811477B6A03A9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B9325583CDB8CDCE5F7938CB1C540DBF" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="50279909C9B25B5275C7314366A3257B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by fixing the type species for it; therefore, under article 50.1 of the Code (ICZN 1999), Hansen is granted authorship of the subgenus name.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="07F80848A9E2F98FBE8341A2E2DBF9D2" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
considered
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF76CFF9309DB9CDB788AB441F295554" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="490E008F89CA43E44C23D3CC9ED972D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="528E40C59D3C16D55555831FBBDE3D64" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0B16789AF75374B6E7C7D16E4C3A4F66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based for the most part in the number of antennomeres, relatively long maxillary palps, characters of the mentum and pubescent femora, even though the author recognized the distinctiveness of the shape of the head and the explanate elytra.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7B65CCCF1896A1B2A611868AEB546C75" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7106D75A9A0A14A98918C7910B75A4E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was elevated to full generic status based on the phylogenetic analysis in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1E3C39A70C4CB5D1516EA47372553727" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in which it was resolved as an early-diverging, isolated lineage within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A42A43A89C13B12C91270AC3D51E07B7" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D6EF4E85F1EA26AF9396F459E6304B60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E1A194D2D90C580D40A0ED8B001FF857" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="387A1C08CF229E6FF69FAF2DB51EE8CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="61E70F4C88A66A5E53904CD9F906A642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are three species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE28B3E3912E4B7817C28E9737EC0CA9" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E06C8041F7055B53371584BE5ED93F47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described to date. In his description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares corrugatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corrugatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares corrugatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E35EAE20979C4FC2156B0C18FA3FB054" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares corrugatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corrugatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8FA06EE5F02A6A54A0318FFDE282334E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares corrugatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Balfour-Browne, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B16" refString="Balfour-Browne, J, 1958a. La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides. Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire 53: 169 - 190" title="La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides." volume="53" year="1958 a">Balfour-Browne (1958a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AA9EB437AE0D7412102CF1048EBAE8FB" author="Balfour-Browne, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B16" refString="Balfour-Browne, J, 1958a. La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides. Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire 53: 169 - 190" title="La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides." volume="53" year="1958 a">Balfour-Browne (1958a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 183), the author pointed out that his record of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. burgeoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="burgeoni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. burgeoni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BAA200C6E1D7CB95534B4AD624A3E1EB" lsidName="B. burgeoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="burgeoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7A9C3DBD0828EE655F9DFE8B2B690309" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. burgeoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Mutsora, Parc National Albert (currently Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Balfour-Browne, J" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the national Museums of Southern Rhodesia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.apncb.be/archives/publications/exploration-national-park-albert/exploration-national-park-albert-first-series/mission-g.-f.-de-witte-1933-1935/1950-fascicule-63-palpicornia/balfour-complet.pdf" refId="B11" refString="Balfour-Browne, J, 1950b. Palpicornia. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G. F. de Witte (1933-35) 63: 1-84. http://www.apncb.be/archives/publications/exploration-national-park-albert/exploration-national-park-albert-first-series/mission-g.-f.-de-witte-1933-1935/1950-fascicule-63-palpicornia/balfour-complet.pdf" title="Palpicornia. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G. F. de Witte (1933 - 35) 63: 1 - 84." url="http://www.apncb.be/archives/publications/exploration-national-park-albert/exploration-national-park-albert-first-series/mission-g.-f.-de-witte-1933-1935/1950-fascicule-63-palpicornia/balfour-complet.pdf" year="1950 b">Balfour-Browne 1950b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2B75F3EA8C6323133DECC92899DEF006" author="Balfour-Browne, J" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the national Museums of Southern Rhodesia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.apncb.be/archives/publications/exploration-national-park-albert/exploration-national-park-albert-first-series/mission-g.-f.-de-witte-1933-1935/1950-fascicule-63-palpicornia/balfour-complet.pdf" refId="B11" refString="Balfour-Browne, J, 1950b. Palpicornia. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G. F. de Witte (1933-35) 63: 1-84. http://www.apncb.be/archives/publications/exploration-national-park-albert/exploration-national-park-albert-first-series/mission-g.-f.-de-witte-1933-1935/1950-fascicule-63-palpicornia/balfour-complet.pdf" title="Palpicornia. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G. F. de Witte (1933 - 35) 63: 1 - 84." url="http://www.apncb.be/archives/publications/exploration-national-park-albert/exploration-national-park-albert-first-series/mission-g.-f.-de-witte-1933-1935/1950-fascicule-63-palpicornia/balfour-complet.pdf" year="1950 b">Balfour-Browne 1950b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) was not actually
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. burgeoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="burgeoni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. burgeoni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="70DA2EF9CA5099433DC02B5BF335A1A1" lsidName="B. burgeoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="burgeoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9EA8BE6E59A9DD23C636614788A02734" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. burgeoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but a larger and likely different species. The author also indicated the existence of a different species from Angola.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares burgeoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burgeoni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares burgeoni</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EF7E5EDADC93FDEF7DE1049BC42BEDE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC95E148BE71FB564922ADAAAD53F20B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D20F0CC4DD263479CF7A25D54CCE73E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="30EA5B360AB26AE2D09491C912B65638" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares burgeoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burgeoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D5682208932673389E773F0A3DA4B96C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares burgeoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="54982603ABBF878A7C8F932731EF91B8" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. byrrhus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="byrrhus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. byrrhus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31427C5D2DA6667F3EB018D76F6FEBB9" lsidName="B. byrrhus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="byrrhus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="27570CF537F6FFE8DA34B1D04AB9AF51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. byrrhus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="40DBE8C84A829C5918F43B212B6D3896" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 323" refId="B74" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1939b. Notes sur des Helochares africains. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 79: 293 - 323" title="Notes sur des Helochares africains." volume="79" year="1939 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E98EDF1E0BAAC0E98E51DDB061829788" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8EACE3F174A4F88BCA139D90406A7597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1754A92FCFDAFDA9C4D80A4991DC9457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7AD920787326957DF280052B940E6ADE" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 323" refId="B74" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1939b. Notes sur des Helochares africains. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 79: 293 - 323" title="Notes sur des Helochares africains." volume="79" year="1939 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9AF1DE643B9A8ACD1B364EB180C9528D" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1939b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 293: original description;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Balfour-Browne, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B16" refString="Balfour-Browne, J, 1958a. La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides. Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire 53: 169 - 190" title="La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides." volume="53" year="1958 a">Balfour-Browne 1958a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DE9ED6CA70BC6F199FD912F808E74229" author="Balfour-Browne, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B16" refString="Balfour-Browne, J, 1958a. La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides. Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire 53: 169 - 190" title="La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides." volume="53" year="1958 a">Balfour-Browne 1958a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 183: description of one additional species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0560AA79A18BCAB4A6763D4082D9B3EB" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 292: type species designated, subgenus validated;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EED2CE04FFBA4CEC0A40EF1ECE6F1BCF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: generic status, phylogenetic position and affinities discussed.
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Genus
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Crucisternum
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1Q</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 29</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30A-E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="546694629F3293829C5E98CBDA14BA71" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1Q</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3E476A7211004D6674235A20F529418E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5AF09C46C13B460D384C4862E7B073D1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="00A1FBCDEA9B0329A9D44C0EFC51C370" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0AD2620684C1E66E74E683829281C7E5" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 29</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B6B51DC840D2D514544306752158AF7C" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30A-E</figureCitation>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="18556668E231AF234EF4F1E5A8694064" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crucisternum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D2553508CA55CA31568254622B099A7F" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short, 2018: 116.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7E92FA97E45D8F4D00A849F63A933F00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="084FB8B6AF8EDE55C4164D052F63B006" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6C91ABB18C290B52F3DD949970B0D217" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum ouboteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4A946DDA0FCDCC7311D8E3FF4EE2C151" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ACD4C2953D850F0E0BF775F2CB1F8DB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F6A55F94E7558488F12EF84565E63B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6CEBB4D0D13D1730500133A7AA89972" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum ouboteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CB5117FE9EA262F51C8A19F6ECA5B092" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="72F2BF26F1B4E953C8548DA555059BF0" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short, 2018: 121; by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="78D0117DB7F7BB015FDEB9BF64282821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="66975437A31790DEF13DF60557959B76" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="239407715B30AC98D96E9DE9526103AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, body length 2.0-2.5 mm. Body shape elongated oval in dorsal view; moderately convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F704894DE3971AE008B7D424BD414E60" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Color orange brown to dark brown. Head trapezoid. Eyes moderate to small, projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly and roundly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with lateral oblique ridges; anterior median depression marked by transverse carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2EFA378524FAA50AFA1925E000E99E0E" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres, with cupule only slightly asymmetrical and rounded. Maxillary palps moderately long, slightly longer than width of head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A157D50BB41868390AE82CB74BD515A9" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins of elytra slightly flared; serial punctures, ground punctures and systematic punctures similar in size and degree of impression, either shallow or rather sharply marked; all punctures seemingly arranged in rows (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6D7ADC826E99A6B51A2C9927117E06DF" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Prosternum with well-developed median, longitudinal, laminar carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C573AC1907A7E28AA0BD81B023A01B13" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with a strongly produced, anteriorly pointed transverse ridge, longitudinally carinate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DBAEB0AE7E054BEFED356021EA8F7DF0" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anapleural sutures sinuate, separated by distance nearly 0.6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="38E7A3A9954F70AC0C33C5CA693920A5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely pubescent, except for median and postero-lateral glabrous patches (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F061D74C1DCAB107B11A1BBD2DC727FC" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row long and thick; apical spurs of protibiae short and stout, almost reaching apex of protarsomere 2. Metafemora covered by hydrofuge pubescence along basal 4/5 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E0409561200567FD96E4DC47122A26A0" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metatarsomeres 2-4 gradually slightly decreasing in size; metatarsomere 5 slightly longer than 2; ventral coverage of tarsomeres composed of fine and spiniform setae. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically rounded, truncate, or slightly emarginate, without stout setae. Aedeagus trilobate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30A-E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="842EC94632DC1F8F2AC7271D6F9B2676" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30A-E</figureCitation>
|
||||
); basal piece 0.2-0.25
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9DDF290451EE2AECFF5B5F44381CDF10" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the length of parameres; median lobe with well-developed lateral basal apodemes, and acute to narrowly rounded apex; parameres nearly as long as median lobe, with outer margins usually sinuate; gonopore situated distad of midlength of median lobe.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 29" startId="F29">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 29.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="5C77DDEB37A735B3714B0397156B5D92" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 29" startId="F29">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8008DF035091D85FA4EF4E963F293F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF1B8AED69C8AF70A497A591EB15C251" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 29.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum ouboteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C87AC2B994A49141F4001AF069485418" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum ouboteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E08EA0ABE94462B5EDA7B47E1DDF9DE6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="787B49727E09C769EEE7FB505CC4B09E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="96603206B0338BDFE9C937FD4F5A8E98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4BFD1038A792B9504234BEED6DA06B2E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 30" startId="F30">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 30.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="FE7252F2EC4CF12814E0C2F26043B9BF" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 30" startId="F30">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5E8B8F169D28AE226325C3557456E3C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="71F15082C4E0E011AC6E4AA1E3B31115" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 30.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="286CBACD63A0082D4AE02E9C76125E5A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="25A306096C54F3D9146C7D84815D8D3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82C96033324C763F59E65E196B0CF4AB" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EDA8DB9C8BB96C242B59B8ED8DD5B4EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C27F25A1FCBC54AD2B010430F16B5A89" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C509671D573259328641D613FB80E89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ouboteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C56F90516214274E190669BDF3AC856A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0D3076D902F1DC32D444E1AF9176519E" lsidName="C. ouboteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C21DD5A69BB8DE4697FF8A9EE13D9C59" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. toboganensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="toboganensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. toboganensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="78C274B5BADF1DEC03BA397E215F13F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="622FCDE61DBD96094AAD9214D9304640" lsidName="C. toboganensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="toboganensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="547C039EA17357D49CCE385EF487AE7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. toboganensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinuatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D863F777098BC0FA087D839EC9EB0C60" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E8847303258F160DE432567B3698898C" lsidName="C. sinuatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2EB06FA08895CAE6835BDA742766886D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. vanessae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="vanessae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. vanessae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="990F8912E888FFEF4478AE312A4E4238" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="196A5C0C8C8B66FC7CF66D623E72A2AD" lsidName="C. vanessae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="vanessae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8CABD2D5577AABCA228E03CDDBE4DF1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. vanessae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. queneyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="queneyi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. queneyi</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="845A07CA0F1C5B54726BEC3172A0B9ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A752A186C7F80A86B2C4C9F45D3CFF9B" lsidName="C. queneyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="queneyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="103C3969E7C8E144E92863DFA64B2D82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. queneyi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. teli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="teli">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. teli</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="557508E154B05345CF9A33CFCD72162B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E7C4142F81A4F2D5DD49D32C49A2D80" lsidName="E. teli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="teli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E52F510A9AD9FF63D5AEE8EA51936393" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. teli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spiculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiculatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. spiculatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="46C6FF78CC953911CA3134F7E3B11619" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4354B3B7F9FD56756A2291AE3B0A8E8F" lsidName="E. spiculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiculatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="108D55F686532977C54987F5D825EFB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. spiculatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. ogmos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ogmos">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. ogmos</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B67A1626DEF87C5FE6E7243B22502112" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF2191AA466FC05361AFFE71F9A3AE40" lsidName="E. ogmos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ogmos">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3A6D43E328B99DBCC48D12F335636D87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. ogmos</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. minor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. minor</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E6687194ABD56F7C8DC6E394B34CB392" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D9ED38F5F98323EE4A08DB16FFF37C42" lsidName="E. minor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="67E0B966E62DF8AC5760A2D2E8CAC432" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. minor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. flavus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. flavus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="21D5FBC0552E29ABD868CFAA2FD4A06D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="76B998793E5E7926F1E5CC40EA40259E" lsidName="G. flavus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E8DA4D98A5D2110E1F81405A5FBC44FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. flavus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8204C89F05DBA1A90E0F3D988D96807D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="342EF116E86CE932E360A40D3F2F6B38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="05520C97231859736DCD34DB62B8FAC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Although
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="586A4734B55351F4FED778B62DD9F2E2" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A6119EA85143F4F1B273EB66B94609ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is generally unremarkable dorsally from other small-bodied Neotropical acidocerines, several sternal features are strikingly unique and easily separate the genus from all others. The strongly developed prosternal carina found in the genus, combined with the cruciform shape of the posterior elevation of the mesoventrite (formed by the fusion of both transverse and longitudinal ridges), is unique for this genus in the subfamily.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="03707EBB88FB8A034CF9D5DEBA58D0A6" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8A0154A9992F94E8B94A1A82B2D434FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most likely to be confused in samples as a very small
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C54F2BFE5BAFD9C0FDB532783E8B82AE" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F1F69543C34BB72370B8181E416B84EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but can also easily be distinguished from that genus by the lack of sutural striae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="74EACBC97D74944201F42B88129891DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8843EAF81E099914CDE9ECBABE18BB8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A7EC9FFD1CE3D3D6FEEDFC06605B6B1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="023F046E64036FCC6841252B5B36F5B2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (Minas Gerais,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="287DB1DECFECCE829A8170A76C381BDD" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E2D8FD8043D46D8709034A9A72FB1A9C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6124CE89C8694D1D14BA6438C52444B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2C6B1616EFA0064C2C7080456F31BE78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="14141A2671B715A951401AC4DE57A83F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
All species of the genus are associated with forested streams, usually along margins that contain ample detritus. A single specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ouboteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F458B899F71ADAC103E54A219F0BA191" lsidName="C. ouboteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ouboteri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="41288168AE3361529381ACBC64F4F02C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ouboteri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was collected at a black light trap.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2F3BCBAAB9FF7FAD744C76C0163FC358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="79384FA61C3B2C5DABB06180249C5F5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C050AF09DA4BC53A3A9D54C1BB1C4747" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus was only recently described.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="97166BB3E913134BB77EF83CB9F1755B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6A1B115593047E3194F5CD406EA357BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="954081638EB8F90D429479DA496A75F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus was only recently described.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There are seven species currently known.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="24158349F9D3B9CE4D3FD35E238DD504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F717FC86FCA49906D3176BA3526B709F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BDB74D7A1B79D3B0791DD155C72B700F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There are seven species currently known.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all the known species were examined for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="738A51134295EB9AF2DF8929C73EB38B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D50266A16A3B8E4F16DD02E25E27F6D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E93BE7D4840BDBA6C847264853E0CE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all the known species were examined for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BF2CDB44E515F0E01ADB824C2256A764" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C555DAE21242866421514AD56A88B4E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3470A3A5B0B2ADB4CE3FD4EFEA849E91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3DDD830B6D5CDF19790FB6CC72289698" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B8DCA37E30EB97C0BEA26138CDCF1C3C" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and all its known species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D00325151B231604A02004686548B77F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,259 +1,259 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="A0BB562BE99256E90AFEA4AA229157C0">The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B3AF0975689026E48B764B1705A7F48">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6AF857E45A79C629D103127C990B54E3">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6931034F1E2E9C90F65F84DC278AE676">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B8E79A55651688ACC57FF7A3925C27D3">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B870C4118EE4448ACC5E3B17FD4EB32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B870C4118EE4448ACC5E3B17FD4EB32" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="2B870C4118EE4448ACC5E3B17FD4EB32" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B870C4118EE4448ACC5E3B17FD4EB32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B870C4118EE4448ACC5E3B17FD4EB32" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Giron & Short, 2019" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="DF8F51F946E50600061BADFF9012EA40" ID-CoL="8XL82" authority="Giron & Short, 2019" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Ephydrolithus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="ABC5E3F5EE81B493FDCA2C7075E45F01" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2019
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30F-I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 31</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="9EFDF028DB1E022F623337A340380102" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B6A38FF18CF7D3ECF7743130027A832C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BEF276DD109A5FD6055B38242AD05CA2" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30F-I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0A43BE90A156F5B923A191B689B4EB97" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 31</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ephydrolithus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="D95EAE97F45935187352B5F2B5A6FF6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="68F01FB187CA13F32F07DFA6A502BA3C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4FC10275968F0BF4CD5A5635811C8746" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ephydrolithus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="99AA9DBA0BAF543532EDBDE9DD86EBB2" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2019: 122.
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</paragraph>
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|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A5A5EA14C2E216E4D5E1FB9FCEA01FD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph id="E92B3A16D849A0C36EEAB747394348A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E253E09A90F64EC36567B5C8C862BE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus hamadae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamadae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus hamadae</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="84F5F5E1D99FBB09A5B237DF2D4D3A72" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="E717D32825C56A9128E7B219425C1EBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="C2DAB70F53A2C45703FD88F88E8C86D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="34E39489F9EE11F91A8C8194AB5BD804" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus hamadae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamadae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F2DBB9A144CC04D0471E261D06CCFB0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus hamadae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="549E17F1233150843E3ECC6BA2981DC6" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2019: 130; by original designation.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<subSubSection id="BC5101A52A2444B06B627F406F70ABE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C53D004C1DE502F9B16DB1196AB715E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FEA6DDF65C80186A9D606EF12A7EB379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, body length 1.8-3.3 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, moderate to strongly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="03D0E8ADE7A3950F2348D75B83C040DA" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31</figureCitation>
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||||
); with ground punctation usually moderately marked. Color yellowish brown to dark brown, usually uniform across body regions (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F72A4A34AE6D0880825C20CD602E5C89" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31</figureCitation>
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). Shape of head trapezoid. Eyes relatively small, at most only slightly emarginated anteriorly, usually moderately projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin from broadly to only slightly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with strong median anterior depression sometimes limited by low transverse carina; surface of mentum mostly smooth and undulated. Antennae with nine antennomeres; cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps short, nearly 2/3 width of head, and stout (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B005A9A56E7D9BAAC9160FE30B6A257C" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
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); inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin strongly curved along apical half. Elytra without sutural striae, and only rarely with impressed striae; ground punctures moderate to sharply marked, uniformly and rather densely distributed; systematic punctures slightly larger and deeper than remainder punctures; serial punctures usually not clearly differentiated; outer margins of elytra only slightly flared (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31A, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="38678608E19E72BAFD29025D5DB7F708" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Prosternum flat, sometimes only slightly elevated along longitudinal midline (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2509D8B0E6E4727ECF78F1434E286AC8" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite either with transverse ridge, or with well-developed tooth that extends anteriorly as longitudinal carina; anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly 0.3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2ECD7B9D4D00B1F0C5A0F8100F8D11A0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely pubescent, except for large median teardrop-shaped glabrous patch (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CFBCCF859E4EC803E668E203026CFFC4" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anteromedian area of metaventrite with a deep and narrow transverse depression before anterior intercoxal process. Protibiae with spines of anterior row hair-like, semi erect, relatively long and thick (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="82B998827E3BFC3FF33EBB6546ACA551" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). All tarsomeres bearing long apical hair-like setae on dorsal face, and two lateral rows of hair-like spines on ventral face of tarsomeres 2-4. Posterior femora mostly glabrous, with few scattered setae along basal half to basal 2/3, with hydrofuge pubescence along anterodorsal margin (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="31A149174243F104F95D58A3743BEF89" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Habitus of Ephydrolithus spp. A-C E. hamadae: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F E. ogmos: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
); tibial grooves well-developed, sometimes covered by hydrofuge pubescence. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically truncate, with stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30F-I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7321E5373355DF9B688E021D31FBEA5A" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Aedeagi of Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, and Globulosis spp. A C. ouboteri B C. toboganensis C C. sinuatus D C. vanessae E C. queneyi F E. teli G E. spiculatus H E. ogmos I E. minor J G. flavus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30F-I</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with outer margins convex, straight or sinuate, with basal piece 0.45-0.9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="813E4F6D0D89C2156B12B4CCEFBC4014" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of parameres; median lobe somewhat triangular in shape, with well-developed lateral basal apodemes; apex of median lobe widely to narrowly acute, sometimes
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“pinched”">"pinched"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E0D84CF08182FC8A8541B7B7FE4BE478" originalValue="“pinched”">"pinched"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
; parameres nearly as long as median lobe; well-developed gonopore, preapically situated.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 31" startId="F31">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 31.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="871992DD14C030A627795B4CA195A2A3" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 31" startId="F31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C976B3AB10E54B7EDB1285725AA5772" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F3BD9F0EFE96E5ECBF15FD409656FF74" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 31.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1202DEBB0CE5DCBF63CA3D6776FAFC1D" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3B0E3B4BDDCC8BB4BEEE1D989494F1F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. hamadae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hamadae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. hamadae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="570278AC7637010B7309D4B619F9F08A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CE8252965C50AAC97C5529FC596CF187" lsidName="E. hamadae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hamadae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8C0B0749C1769DF08C089053751BF1D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. hamadae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A6D81FFAB9ECE6FC53BDE298B1B4FA64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="10578AD0F46022FBBEA495FBDF82482D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7B5B1BF6F8EB08958C9E9A3B59FF9FAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. ogmos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ogmos">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. ogmos</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7B6E061E17340CB78258014DF891B11B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C40150478C107CE06A592D6865A34BD9" lsidName="E. ogmos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ogmos">
|
||||
<emphasis id="35FA46AF4A3F2FB59EC0C017CDB60B72" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. ogmos</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CF027C5A351024D00DF4449AB8D7D08B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9BC38F060494BA4AD50C0A594D8CBF24" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8614E53C1FB5E3C1038E8F917A6FD6E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="916D4B618E042D0B554BB46AFD903A1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3CC8EBA8859F5F85C6D32DC817624A3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A021A9A4C2AE5B4540E9A3F65AC4A407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ACFAA12655C850572CD3E1923A15E03C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA98A0754B360983B2290418071645A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from most Neotropical acidocerines by their mostly glabrous metafemora. From other genera exhibiting the same condition, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDA5FEDA3FEDAAFC87DB460C980F2D4C" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2966819918FB4EF9AC54C26C30091161" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="08FD82253D7DA82D3BB0BB4A7EF07968" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6DF2F34FC158F06B089532E949DD8096" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2017
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4E41FC6D06E653E68ACD470CAA8169D8" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C223B49D4349A19A1A8AF7ED6DC79582" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished by the entire (as opposed to divided; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A1E8303EA60C6B1B86FE49ADEF2CC2A4" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) eyes; from
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B849FA8A36FF72D55F9EBF93CB6BF3A" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="72B58EFE72EA674FD5461EA8F18AA5B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="980F0D059FFBB9EF825AB748B8ABB590" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="375AF21148A2EA22C604B5358ACC1D0F" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F5C132FD6C02641E275E5BC3B66A9AC7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be differentiated by the number of antennomeres (nine in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55BD752433DBF0D210692753D686BA9A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="95A12A549CB545666EE523E1E4874E1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, eight in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4A3795CD1B03FBFE9A34470769D45F7" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E3EDA1D2F994E23863C50723004BC04B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="001C808180FA6E2B8BFFB3E6336A5CAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B0B431E0CC60AC122A57BD053A4D625A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4833C7BF58823060C6D9D7DD3CB838D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F55EBEB117A50D7F323B3BBB1B99C781" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bahía">Bahia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="30EAE4E3079610AEF96328D93B7630FB" originalValue="Bahía">Bahia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Minas Gerais); Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A5D64253F98B80385594E3996B98D036" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="484A5E4B4D0F6EE72EC87369873F9C5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6ECB51ACBFEDE485467200B71ECBB5C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="20828FD392CB9931E0A0A13FEAD7ED77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
All known species are exclusively associated with rock seepages (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Examples of seepage habitat for Acidocerinae A, B marginal seepage along river (Guyana: GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D isolated seep on granite inselberg (Venezuela: VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E, F hygropetric zone next to waterfall (Venezuela: VZ 12 - 0122 - 03 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9041831F87C6653734147F87DB583247" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Examples of seepage habitat for Acidocerinae A, B marginal seepage along river (Guyana: GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D isolated seep on granite inselberg (Venezuela: VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E, F hygropetric zone next to waterfall (Venezuela: VZ 12 - 0122 - 03 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DBC1971DCA256EA305D97AB018969FBC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="848DAE4E7DD3844A722B857A8B468B7C" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
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and Short 2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ED8268F58DF8FCE4216003F0701BBD6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="19933E476EC021114777018153C21E05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="13CB0BC5A467CCCE58C9FBEB655F6CBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6C23661EFE1E84F5B2C4BFF1A5AD7EAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D44AB12B32FB985CEFFEEC95C1772D4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0FA6C25B805CA6867F9299F1A430966A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="99705EB30B4005B9245DA07412B1AD57" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="953FF4CEBE684D00D0F962D56B61DCE9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was only recently described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CFA9C9C058861E3DF95093CD06A5CB32" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4B8F720D4790E85561C3FF6CD1C7D247" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1AA502B4C86C2066EB35022A789ACFCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
In the etymology section of the original publication,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E8CF76FE205C15D2FC13924A4F5F0B47" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="25480EDCB3FB42B402F37891525170F2" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short (2019)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
indicate that the genus name is neuter, which is erroneous. The name is masculine, which is the gender for the Greek word
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lithos</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="40E686EC698B0011FF3E2F1A6AC6CCBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lithos</emphasis>
|
||||
, the last component of the genus name. Four species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5EBB1C49DEEF3E76A8BC312A0E17551E" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Ephydrolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephydrolithus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0A8C73327208F104FD072E21C45D3A59" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephydrolithus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been described until now, all of them from southeastern Brazil.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were examined for this study. We have also seen specimens of additional undescribed species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4A85356F3D6F13F531B6F29A8ECAB8C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="96AF99691EEBC9214F44D1F0BC05F967" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D6A70CC23954DECEB762022471835F5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were examined for this study. We have also seen specimens of additional undescribed species.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DE37B97E3D07A729BB4D6D1A0FFDBE10" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A20CD34E3D3AFBDB7B8660D0A9ECB8F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="01DA01F17DD9FFC2E67AEE93456D7050" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="68609070433A6E2B8BBAB9E5D3D578A1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9A723B57ADFB2C4CF131C1FA941F9272" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and all its known species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D13E7E1DC870D10391E207713EE7622F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,294 +1,294 @@
|
|||
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="730CBCBEFE7C4A0740CBA6B3358B120A" type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F99B3436EF3C2CE0F1D6387243AC6DD9">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C246265BBF8B37E04E5A1F77EAB9A17C">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2DFF5087A2A771552CB7E3A0FFDD7EE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2DFF5087A2A771552CB7E3A0FFDD7EE6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="2DFF5087A2A771552CB7E3A0FFDD7EE6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2DFF5087A2A771552CB7E3A0FFDD7EE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2DFF5087A2A771552CB7E3A0FFDD7EE6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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<subSubSection id="E029684768140205A697DCC3F0D4C913" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1DA17D58EC244C972AD8986BF2C09807" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Klug, 1855" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acidocerus Klug, 1855</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="452197D38313622F1AFFAD3A5A0025BB" ID-CoL="8XJ97" authority="Klug, 1855" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acidocerus Klug, 1855</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="445F3E333354572A90A254ACB8E49192" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="ED6E2C179EFA14B38EA9A64307A44884" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0C8A2C672D9F6D8C15A336F3E5FAB48D" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17</figureCitation>
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acidocerus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5B9412A9F3CB95987F8EFBD72743B3FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8AB6697527922C6A1E17B8D1F0AE7579" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64486022EAE64E0E7674C09C470F4D76" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acidocerus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Klug, 1855: 649.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5C2918B1B40A9A47D992591748455CA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="56F7893736DB35BAB439D72D755E21EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FE1F0B6BA23B880D4B902412FD417CFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus aphodioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphodioides">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus aphodioides</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="75C6FC0CC121E825FB07014AD65F90E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
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<paragraph id="C409E9EF42F5E4AA28E0379E374520D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="919C8C801196E00F2A82937F50DF2FE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2CD7997CA194F2D4A2E9D0687FAF255" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus aphodioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphodioides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0287CE5BE720D340567E9DA11E4D300C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus aphodioides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Klug, 1855: 649; by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="467F6C00A8B449773BA4DC6FE1E6DE38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="81EE18A8476423956F9A849A40AEE401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F55DA63D7676A82F74286B925689155C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, body length nearly 2.8 mm. Body shape elongate oval in dorsal view, moderately convex in lateral view, with dorsal outline nearly straight along anterior 2/3 of elytra (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="E0A37960E60C6010DC8FE9114EEB2803" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of head and pronotum granulate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8D3748A3E6A5FEF0663400106E0EB79C" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Body pale/yellowish brown, with head slightly darker. Eyes with anterior margin straight in lateral view (not emarginate), in dorsal view slightly projecting from outline of head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="4F40E605B2CF57B88CFF0EB3890B0D59" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labrum not concealed by clypeus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9DA214C6C58CF355E57FF2F3BBBD4D8C" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres, with strongly asymmetric cupule, with longer side acute. Maxillary palps elongate, with palpomere 4 nearly as long as palpomere 3 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="13373DBA0E957ACEB1443DC7EC945C95" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7B427C0DD872CC9FDCFCADDD67551113" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1943f
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 7, in key). Elytra without sutural striae, narrowly explanate laterally, serial punctures strongly marked, arranged in rows (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="71D03D6325BFD07D8C0ACBB9C2C9EB97" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17A</figureCitation>
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). Prosternum flat, rather sharply carinate medially, with angulate anteromedian projection. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite only weakly bulging. Metaventrite with hydrofuge pubescence. Metafemora without distinct tibial grooves, mostly pubescent, only glabrous at apex. Metatarsomeres 1-4 similar in length; metatarsomere 5 similar in length to metatarsomeres 1-4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically emarginate, with stout setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
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<caption id="5E569CAA416E648E5E9865F45038DEA9" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
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<paragraph id="8DA6D877B711879C829F3F350FB9E4D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<emphasis id="509314D4E9D2B38F744A8852D72C5395" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus aphodioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphodioides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus aphodioides</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3FCF32AAB59F9F58066A2CBB7A6A12EB" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus aphodioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphodioides">
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<emphasis id="5A2040D0957D8EB3CA92FE7D66D31C95" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus aphodioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="F2746482669E060FDCA95087554D80DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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dorsal habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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||||
<emphasis id="AA38D9FE9D7FFE83F421AB0A97C92236" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="38E632807B732EE18D314F09FB3AEA89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
head. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E4E930B605061D8EA99C5D7B8501FEAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B24DA7B8D2B56422E97A9550AC6F3059" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EE2F2268931398975677BA927271FC64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The long fifth metatarsomere (longer than metatarsomeres 1-4 combined) is unusual but not unique in the subfamily (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="63398ED3C8DFA9AB890443E2B82229D2" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The granulate surface of the head and body resembles that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EA291EEC54BB79BE6C6A82E29D3F1F61" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2D7E139E59FC531EFFD87C14686E0EAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but besides their geographic origin, the exposed labrum of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C1767389D478A26B089C170E10FCCF5" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="026F9077F2D3B2370905505AF073E0AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(as opposed to concealed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4CF66EF77EA144B29B5ECBC6840075B6" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="991A094AE9C3DC68D45B6E2C4E4F1CFD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) allows its recognition. The small size and coarse punctation of the elytra of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="43CE0932F2EF4A57603FA3AD88DDADB9" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="524FA61277EBD7038579CB8CD31A7753" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resemble some of the Old World
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5A45539B012A59FD3C530674D3665E2A" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1FC73625AFF33BCE7D6C0905DF7BFAD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Habitus of Helochares spp. A-C H. laevis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F H. sp. (India, Goa): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557435" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36D-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C0B7A664673BE57401804DF4E74E3AB0" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Habitus of Helochares spp. A-C H. laevis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F H. sp. (India, Goa): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557435" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36D-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and some
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="641F128538A89A752984BB398A4430FA" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A252E3394C2273C0CCC0700A8CA1910" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus hanseni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanseni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus hanseni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25195A212C68B895493E54389E33DEDA" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus hanseni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanseni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3A920C6751F95D5F2A90F3B5EC83A374" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus hanseni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Habitus of Agraphydrus spp. A A. hanseni B A. jilanzhui C A. longipalpus D A. contractus E A. anhuianus F A. puzhelongi. Images B-F from Komarek and Hebauer (2018). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557418" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9688AAA5359EF8D7FA46E6DB413EB3AA" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Habitus of Agraphydrus spp. A A. hanseni B A. jilanzhui C A. longipalpus D A. contractus E A. anhuianus F A. puzhelongi. Images B-F from Komarek and Hebauer (2018). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557418" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), from which it can be differentiated by the medially sharply carinate prosternum (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="921A2CCD4DED7A9AB8CB5CED7BB254CE" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="40F67F3862550712FDFB21D41752F5F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5F772BA2BDB823C705A209C410BF6D0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AF571A488C35784EF50A506DD74D4440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CCE369EB8E46F76A55D09D786326AACC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Mozambique; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="47C07A983C9EA50A30ED1EE6B0E79F01" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There is no natural history information available for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="490ADEDA315DA750ADC9CC9CEE727815" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C6C60019EB572C13F3795590A8DF45D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="82EB4460089DAF71EC990C4997C47386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There is no natural history information available for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DA8B6CBFE57E5B7A785165BE3641BA6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B7D1B50625AB8BFB857042B63684B7EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CFE6F69E0D3BFCF68EC6494000B66A14" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B3F1B199B7ABCD53F20D08DFDA896D0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="22B768672B344AC5A517817A08CF12EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="76AC2BACFEF26F0CDF14EA4438D05697" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The taxon was originally described as related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Spercheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spercheus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spercheus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AB7671E9E00716CF53464FBFE7AD5658" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Spercheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spercheus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="02588D2FCACA11F56619430CC35B39EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spercheus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kugelann, with maxillary palps similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Hydraena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydraena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydraena</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3688DC1786B192E6BCF49AD1394E18E4" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Hydraena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydraena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="68601B3F6EE4203B529A02615387169E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydraena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kugelann (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Klug, JFC" journalOrPublisher="Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="643 - 660" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" refId="B185" refString="Klug, JFC, 1855. (Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique). Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 643 - 660, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" title="(Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" volume="1855" year="1855">Klug 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="813E0B12102E9A08B79CD765D7AE3043" author="Klug, JFC" journalOrPublisher="Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="643 - 660" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" refId="B185" refString="Klug, JFC, 1855. (Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique). Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 643 - 660, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" title="(Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" volume="1855" year="1855">Klug 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and even later afforded its own subfamily (see taxonomic history of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0E9DFF01E8709E2272713683921D6C29" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
section, above).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4EF1089D15459BBCE35E5A8311C154D1" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D9E28EE6F3C42655F4E5F9DB846B3E11" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1943f
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 7) provided a list of diagnostic characters in a key, including the relative length of its tarsal segments, specifically that the fifth tarsomere is as long as tarsomeres 1-4 combined.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4E27DC41C1BC9FD80DEDDAC5C460FF42" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
redescribed the taxon based on syntypes.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B9FA31D3648C8FA1B9B48EFFAD3FE2FA" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149) further commented that he had seen other
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“typical”">"typical"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0624B50C720CDA4C460E6AA7AA2BC290" originalValue="“typical”">"typical"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90598740C78B3888303C426BC645244B" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D2733C55CE77D71E52562E899921660C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that also shared this feature and stated that "although
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B6585D3C2245C3EBD103B3D319BF3D6" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2FDA01AF810BA4C334E267BEBC1517F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may be somewhat reminiscent of a small
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C1A6E90BA7EF5D25A1B246B649458DC" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7B658CA09F1567E32635A2C08ECF036" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="…">...</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6CEACD2ADDDDE73B64C1D499768D044B" originalValue="…">...</normalizedToken>
|
||||
I prefer to maintain it as a distinct genus at the present stage". The genus was not included in the molecular phylogeny in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1D5B6D649F0625AC57C97268429B1013" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and its assignment to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8CB316237DDC1C6AB2097C8B21B7B1EE" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="59291B7F0F7AC5EC66D63E04673856CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group is based primarily on its overall dorsal sculpturing, lack of a sutural stria, and Afrotropical distribution.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AABE90F778793BCCECDC4914AD665AA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CD94D1C5CE63ACCF2798C1F69691146C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="252174CED783783C9A39F35AA426C75F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Only one described species.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A12439D98311892D6B164D74999BDF51" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
studied
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klug’s">Klug's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="62BA22E3C91F7F0798A5F13F795A4234" originalValue="Klug’s">Klug's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
syntypes housed at the Museum
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0B790BFB8E533DCC694423F9A32B707E" originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Naturkunde der
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Humboldt-Universität">Humboldt-Universitaet</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0A0F0593FFD04B959F082D1B2B9CDF58" originalValue="Humboldt-Universität">Humboldt-Universitaet</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in Berlin, Germany (ZMHB), which are the only known specimens for the genus. The diagnostic features listed above include information from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5971B2469487F413E2B7E6B9BDDEA243" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="236BF7926805EE60DC5423A53FD95410" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1943f)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="27FFE142E1B543353E93C5F3D1D3F86F" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and our own observations of photographs of the syntypes. Given that the specimens were mounted on cards when photographed, features of the ventral surface were not viewed by us. Characters of the ventral features (as well as the maxillary palps) as described above are based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3BAD5371F9F02DCAD825E79048D01CA8" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD77E431828F4D5728124EDBDF9DE776" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1943f)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BD978CE2F531A513188BB0A45D062D3D" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as the maxillary palps appeared to be missing by the time Hansen examined the syntypes. Until additional specimens are found, it is unlikely there will be a satisfactory resolution on deciding if
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF1054ACDB27AA5BCAC9458CAC2CDFCC" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2169ED6672406628D2FC974F2613CC87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is in fact a distinct genus or rather another variant of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="00F5C57B1470F60D6135F89C49550AC7" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="953F1A58B4FE2B8676126C9438087068" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus aphodioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphodioides">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus aphodioides</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C71CA0C146B4E565BC93E2243CF115FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC6B5C7F242DB4CE428AF48126A290A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="903ABF1195FA2706447AA03683A0B1A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A96C525AFE2207F6EFEA846A6C7D1274" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus aphodioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphodioides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D57E81BEEF9D1D512B6FA4E15860856" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus aphodioides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(photographs of syntypes).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Klug, JFC" journalOrPublisher="Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="643 - 660" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" refId="B185" refString="Klug, JFC, 1855. (Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique). Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 643 - 660, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" title="(Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" volume="1855" year="1855">Klug 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1FC0AB512B3B26198CDDA1BF21AB88B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FDBA48790324851FB7EBD1DE6F5368A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3DB68BC2DAF7630D550AF2CE8869BA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="73D5C10A0BE2B2155103F6831C54A47C" author="Klug, JFC" journalOrPublisher="Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="643 - 660" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" refId="B185" refString="Klug, JFC, 1855. (Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique). Bericht ueber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 643 - 660, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" title="(Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837" volume="1855" year="1855">Klug 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 649: original description;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="13B6AF0E3D801653FBE2EED091938F63" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F5F0DF653397CAB6859FD8F88C8EE543" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1943f
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 7: offers diagnostic features in a key;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3633B946F041985D4BC0E98A9B4528B8" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149: redescription;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9A67978C6C9C0CA4F738EA61CDFACA19" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D600D2D10CBAF88E1FBCDAA17E8180BB" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 741:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D9524E68BA60FF31077F2895AE628C55" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E7482CB4D33C6F423EE1C3295F1F9408" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
listed in subfamily
|
||||
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<taxonomicName id="1544CA95A0DD9CA32E6784CA794B6EE1" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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|
||||
: phylogenetic position and affinities discussed.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
|
|
|||
|
|
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Subfamily
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Zaitzev, 1908: 353, as subfamily.
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|
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as subtribe
|
||||
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|
||||
[of tribe
|
||||
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|
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, subfamily
|
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<taxonomicName id="C5F805EDDED82314C34DAC1255B1807B" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydrophilinae">Hydrophilinae</taxonomicName>
|
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] in
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="B169BFB730C2E33EEDCF2255BFDD155C" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 282;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">1999b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="1FB259659F73C3E45F7282C5070C9807" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">1999b</bibRefCitation>
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: 155).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Acidocerina">Acidocerina</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="D9532A987BD445E9BD98DA3A9979A6F3" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Acidocerina">Acidocerina</taxonomicName>
|
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as tribe [of subfamily
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydrophilinae">Hydrophilinae</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="BDA55A2C28908C85DEC06C67735A1972" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydrophilinae">Hydrophilinae</taxonomicName>
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] in
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<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 122" publicationUrl="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" refId="B265" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2011. World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006-2010). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1): 83 - 122, http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" title="World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010)." url="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" volume="51" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="2DB3DB5CA5615C2825777D3A7211857B" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 122" publicationUrl="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" refId="B265" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2011. World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006-2010). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1): 83 - 122, http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" title="World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010)." url="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" volume="51" year="2011">
|
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Short and
|
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<normalizedToken id="B5CECAA4EA9181F4DCCEDF6E3A75EA47" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
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(2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 85).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Acidocerina">Acidocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="75980ECBFF464335D824F4D82E139CD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F51D530FCF79622684D8E6FE3E48B8BE" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Acidocerina">Acidocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as subfamily in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="6D900379898C4B6F6B58A97A5E37BFA0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
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Short and
|
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<normalizedToken id="7AEC0538FBFE6A41CFC0B4E34EADE30B" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
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(2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 741).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Helopeltini">Helopeltini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="88CBB7F125548B5037545894CDB90D79" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="ABDB2A9040243C3B2D6EC528A470E871" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Helopeltini">Helopeltini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873: 118; synonymized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="67B230616331CDAEB1228F81242C37CE" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 282); unavailable: generic name is preoccupied (ICZN 1999, Code Art. 39).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="112E6A1E2A6BA9AF043F2C7B60278718" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8F0B422BADE5F66A5B82ED571418033D" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type genus:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B62A375555D0831C80F9204948B3A6FE" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873: 137 [synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D546DD377A4003F6D98714492F1F8C07" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Bergroth, 1888: 221].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="04DB06B86CE45423B9E55A357185F342" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E45E5B68B57A80F9F7C9CAA6E7C2C753" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Helocharae
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="29B34E9C3A8669D6343D92DAC58FE2AA" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1919c: 147; described as subtribe, synonymized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F12592C99AE222FBB74AD4E7D2F85C8C" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 282).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C0FA2C6DAC30104875719B0FE8C09351" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A375F8F6838E12F3D76A8C2CDA242326" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type genus:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1ED0D39A8422E50B4806E7D9E6E7BF68" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Mulsant, 1844a: 197.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Horelophopsinae">Horelophopsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="84D7A0A283042EA19F8F7FD9FA1BF4F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8FECDBEE2606E74AAA167FC1A21EDF25" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Horelophopsinae">Horelophopsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen, 1997: 108.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Horelophopsis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Horelophopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8F1E8FA64DD70042FF294831C962D0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F6EF55E18AFB3733CF0A22660E2A81F" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Horelophopsis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Horelophopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type genus:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Horelophopsis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Horelophopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0AEB602BD32BD4ACCBA4E5FC0D95F410" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Horelophopsis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Horelophopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen, 1997: 109; synonymized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="06086F48772128B8DBC0E2E9763574E6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
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Short and
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="EE091B3924CF0A1AAAA7B59C4D62ACFE" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
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(2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 15, in table, discussed along the text).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Globulina</taxonomicName>
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
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<paragraph id="2C7027588630395CC7E645F985F83C41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4D64850EDF3998603BE7B1A4CEB99C1B" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4BE9817C078420ED26EF5DE444C132D3" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2001: 153; emended to
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Globulosina">Globulosina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6912E7446B3703C28390908AB4039F48" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Globulosina">Globulosina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="315 - 359" publicationUrl="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.614.3424andrep=rep1andtype=pdf" refId="B270" refString="Short, AEZ, Hebauer, F, 2006. World Catalogue of Hydrophiloidea - additions and corrections, 1 (1999-2005) (Coleoptera). Koleopterologische Rundschau 76: 315 - 359, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.614.3424andrep=rep1andtype=pdf" title="World Catalogue of Hydrophiloidea - additions and corrections, 1 (1999 - 2005) (Coleoptera)." url="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.614.3424andrep=rep1andtype=pdf" volume="76" year="2006">Short and Hebauer (2006</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5725031E3C0E43A0704032F7CC8FC48F" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="315 - 359" publicationUrl="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.614.3424andrep=rep1andtype=pdf" refId="B270" refString="Short, AEZ, Hebauer, F, 2006. World Catalogue of Hydrophiloidea - additions and corrections, 1 (1999-2005) (Coleoptera). Koleopterologische Rundschau 76: 315 - 359, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.614.3424andrep=rep1andtype=pdf" title="World Catalogue of Hydrophiloidea - additions and corrections, 1 (1999 - 2005) (Coleoptera)." url="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.614.3424andrep=rep1andtype=pdf" volume="76" year="2006">Short and Hebauer (2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 338); synonymized with tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Acidocerini">Acidocerini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="254D9527A64B55A68C42A250AF460BC3" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Acidocerini">Acidocerini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 122" publicationUrl="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" refId="B265" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2011. World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006-2010). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1): 83 - 122, http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" title="World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010)." url="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" volume="51" year="2011">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5915C037B62AA6DCCB42211EBC32BD10" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 122" publicationUrl="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" refId="B265" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2011. World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006-2010). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1): 83 - 122, http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" title="World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010)." url="http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/51_1/51_1_83.pdf" volume="51" year="2011">
|
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Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="A6D84F053C762DACAD2A1237DA8E41E3" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
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2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 84.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulosis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BF08A3173BBE6EC77F41A736FC706A24" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F0594B23A7E6B9F5E7BE15035EFCD07" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulosis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type genus:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulosis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFBE5970768594DB817F36D6C061BB37" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Globulosis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4C47BFB484021888C5898F9087C554AC" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2001: 153.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type genus">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0024CD4686438F2867AD26CA406C4626" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type genus">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DE8627CAF8A36C8E5C8A991C5E33BA14" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EF930CB5C5B560702168055C83107BFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="36B2856D9335B98B9849AAD630168A57" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DCF1F11F4CA87F703B1B10D0DDF84799" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acidocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Klug, 1855: 649.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E7ED14A8C631E0C523232CB0F12F826F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D5BA7A558BE0FEDB4BD42F2DD72772D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5297AD58731C9A6872F547BAF6AD864B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Body length 1.2-14.0 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, dorsoventrally flattened, or weakly to strongly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DBA8AF620A23343F90AB0AD491593FAF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
); surface even (without elevations or depressions), granulate (e.g., Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="19A92323D5A6742CD9BEE85C42AD1447" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Habitus of Acidocerus aphodioides A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2FB2E4F76D15005850BB7AEFC2D6E184" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
) or smooth on head and pronotum. From yellowish to dark brown in coloration (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BF25F73C7A3C18A02C2F7DE663CD65BC" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
), usually uniform, sometimes different regions of body colored differently. Shape of head variable (trapezoid, subquadrate, round; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4742739FFB6A37C35EA597030B53F271" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anterior corners of frons sometimes extended posteriorly forming
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares canthus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canthus">Tobochares canthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1529440DFFC78F8CBF4E05F4886C15E5" authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares canthus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canthus">Tobochares canthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and emarginating anterior margin of eyes (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6159353B42204ACC7A13A0871B35B35E" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="55AC425E4EED2EC810C996108944AAD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2BAB745A608774BC2D4EB72713BAF6DD" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A87F08F770A54D5A124131797D037557" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="67E9A189E348767239C2D61BC5941E50" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes varying in size, shape, degree of emargination, and degree of projection from outline of head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2878C0744FD1C415DBFD5854A4947FF1" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
); absent only in cavernicolous genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="012F3B610CD764FA12E4043FB32A6A04" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0771C807484238B75BD4E1093B68E74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler, 1981a. Clypeus variable in shape (rectangular to trapezoid; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="71769CEC21A2056FCC4F9653EB8848F8" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with anterior margin from straight to mesally emarginate. Labrum usually exposed; concealed by clypeus in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0067C24019ECE8686677E44F05E36946" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89816588EE317BCCFCCCB06BA05FD40E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="716146EF44A2F13C766A9558836BF161" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="747ADFE3874E588A9395492645A3BDA0" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3F2FC48B3771A9EBD544B7E80DB98287" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="979594271CC5A50E4A23264801504B5F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mentum usually wider than long, with strong median anterior depression, may be limited by low transverse carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6AA280A3D94E6853D9E3E984BC4D07E9" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); surface of mentum with variable sculpture, ranging from smooth (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E91BF0799814CD75B550BC7975DAE84C" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) to roughly punctate or obliquely striate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9ED701695778149122E0DB36E7E5180" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with eight or nine antennomeres (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FD5D92BDC4BAA81A8294680992429AF4" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with cupule varying in symmetry and shape. Maxillary palps curved inward, ranging from very short (nearly half width of the head; e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops reticulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4792AA383D1B0DBB5EB5A35BF08B7976" authorityName="M.Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops reticulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C760F824588FE930E3DC1C029E60D33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2C86C709D12C1D92189DA5DF4339AB28" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and stout, to very long and slender (nearly twice the width of the head; e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="93FC6E23E0881105E5777351FBAD4D02" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CCBEA8340FD605D0AEE45CB4FC395446" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11K</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="62AC63EA602318AE54E8FA19F6A1CC15" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11K</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pronotum evenly convex, usually with systematic punctures forming paired anterolateral semicircles and paired short posterolateral transverse bands. Elytra with or without sutural striae, with outer margins simple, slightly flared, or laterally explanate; elytral punctation variable (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Elytral punctation A Tobochares communis with red arrow pointing to systematic puncture B Tobochares sipaliwini with red arrow pointing to systematic puncture, white arrow pointing to serial puncture, and black arrow pointing to ground / interserial puncture C Tobochares striatus with red arrow pointing to systematic puncture, white arrow pointing to serial puncture, and black arrow pointing to ground / interserial puncture D Tobochares communis elytron with all kinds of punctures similar in size and degree of impression, seemingly evenly distributed (to longitudinally aligned) E Quadriops similaris with serial punctures longitudinally aligned F Primocerus maipure with sutural stria G Tobochares striatus with impressed serial striae. Scale bars: 100 μm (A); 200 μm (B, C); 500 μm (D-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="28146A3E1E213C781E3D24BA42DFBFEA" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Elytral punctation A Tobochares communis with red arrow pointing to systematic puncture B Tobochares sipaliwini with red arrow pointing to systematic puncture, white arrow pointing to serial puncture, and black arrow pointing to ground / interserial puncture C Tobochares striatus with red arrow pointing to systematic puncture, white arrow pointing to serial puncture, and black arrow pointing to ground / interserial puncture D Tobochares communis elytron with all kinds of punctures similar in size and degree of impression, seemingly evenly distributed (to longitudinally aligned) E Quadriops similaris with serial punctures longitudinally aligned F Primocerus maipure with sutural stria G Tobochares striatus with impressed serial striae. Scale bars: 100 μm (A); 200 μm (B, C); 500 μm (D-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Hind wings usually well developed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="549C712A1F9DA21F5F9FBC6C177DC6F4" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
), seldom reduced along apical region (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6D2C4DB0C3254B9A8FA4D7904AB6D5A4" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of prosternum flat (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E885E53841C4FBEE0081DCDD07C73A9D" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), convex or rarely medially carinate (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AEE7D46E2125157BAE62903B884FF560" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="43A749BB0715C42F847A3D71A9DEC5A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B4313D09BE66FF2AFF280706A45CDD83" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Habitus of Crucisternum ouboteri A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with anterior margin straight or anteriorly projected. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite either only weakly bulging or with transverse (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14E, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3523E37FE8D62996D7D3DC1C0AF35BC0" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14E, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
) or longitudinal ridge (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="171A4F4EB15E30169552DB754FE66094" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
); with strongly produced, anteriorly pointed and longitudinally carinate transverse ridge in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1C16560DD5F4D632B8DD511639C6A072" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B42B60EF0FA86292E308E30A1D3464EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4EF5FC712DC2B5DF3C95F2F7DAF7330C" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anapleural sutures variable in shape and orientation. Metaventrite rather uniformly covered by hydrofuge pubescence (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2409CDC3C2761DCF57F6FD3F5CC17EF5" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
), sometimes with posteromesal glabrous patch (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D, F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="83A2EE28AF7C5DFB90C35D700BD489CB" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D, F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
), sometimes also with posterolateral glabrous patches (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8FA8B86DD47EA4184103349764AD5159" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Scanning electron micrographs of thorax in ventral view A, B prosternum: A Tobochares striatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection B Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to anterior projection C-G mesoventrite and metaventrite: C Crucisternum ouboteri with white arrows pointing to anteriorly pointed transverse ridge and longitudinal carina of mesoventrite, metaventrite with median glabrous patch D Nanosaphes tricolor with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrows pointing to median and postero-lateral glabrous patches of metaventrite E Quadriops reticulatus with black arrow pointing to transverse carina across mesoventrite and metaventrite uniformly pubescent F Tobochares communis with black arrow pointing to longitudinal carina along mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to narrow postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite G Tobochares kasikasima with black arrow pointing to transverse elevation across mesoventrite and white arrow pointing to broad postero-medial glabrous patch on metaventrite. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with anterior row of spines varying in shape and development; apical spurs of protibiae varying in development. Metafemora with tibial grooves of varying development; hydrofuge pubescence on anterior surface of metafemora absent, reduced to only basal or dorsal patch, or increasingly covering most of surface. Tarsomeres 5-5-5; tarsomeres variable in size, proportions, and dorsal and ventral coverage. Abdomen with five pubescent ventrites, density of setae ranging from sparse to very dense. Fifth abdominal ventrite with apex either rounded (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C7050EDDFD19B55C24434079A85A55BC" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15I</figureCitation>
|
||||
), truncate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="87E2AFD61D5CDBA89A1E0C6ED136B453" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15J</figureCitation>
|
||||
), or emarginate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="910DC60A39C426C874FFE7940C717D68" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Hind wing and abdominal ventrite 5 A-G hind wings: A Colossochares ellipticus B Primocerus gigas C Helobata larvalis D Crucisternum ouboteri E Tobochares sipaliwini F Quadriops similaris G Tobochares microps H-J abdominal ventrite 5: H Aulonochares tubulus I Primocerus neutrum J Ephydrolithus hamadae. Scale bars: 1 cm (A); 3 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D-F); 0.5 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15H</figureCitation>
|
||||
); apex with or without fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus usually symmetrical (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B52D9D1160516CD9B1F8388FA50AF85E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with basal piece varying in size from longer than parameres (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32E649C4D87535678590729A3F6702D8" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C8DD1C16788BF05770CAD44F7137795D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Aedeagi of Primocerus spp. A P. neutrum B, C P. maipure: B dorsal view C lateral view D, E P. pijiguaense: D dorsal view E lateral view F P. gigas G P. petilus H P. striatolatus I P. cuspidis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2A9495A47B6F4269538794C007CAAFF8" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Aedeagi of Primocerus spp. A P. neutrum B, C P. maipure: B dorsal view C lateral view D, E P. pijiguaense: D dorsal view E lateral view F P. gigas G P. petilus H P. striatolatus I P. cuspidis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="03CB4DCC9B747238EA541F91A925E7FE" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA617B32C5AFE188104D5C1D52408CB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="99B9C2E74189A34B326117E8C5969C96" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), to reduced and virtually absent (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27507B2AD902950EB50A69E14BAA236E" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4A0138F821A3DF3E390BFE9475DB1FD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Aedeagi of Peltochares spp. A P. conspicuus B P. foveicollis C P. sp. (Australia) D P. sp. (Tanzania;). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557444" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">45</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DB1C9D27054EDFA121803DE6D619A2FE" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Aedeagi of Peltochares spp. A P. conspicuus B P. foveicollis C P. sp. (Australia) D P. sp. (Tanzania;). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557444" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">45</figureCitation>
|
||||
); parameres highly variable in shape, either slender and only connected to each other at base of ventral surface (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16A-D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="140120F91D18DB07C0BC9C2CBF5A3480" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16A-D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
), or fused together forming tube-like structure (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="43BAF072BB04A7941090ECD5BF11868B" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
); apex of parameres either simple, or bifurcated and modified with hooks and spines (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15D4612173AC5A4ACB5B875C1753282E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); median lobe either simple or with dorsal and ventral lobes, with well-developed lateral basal apodemes; further modifications (longitudinal divisions, presence of internal hooks and spines, development of gonopore) widespread.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="05EB9117F534F295884C8032CFF82E55" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D0B65BA649683E60CCF7F4DCF72AFB59" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D5BB2EA9FF8C20F009FEB72B6C250FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Acidocerines can be generally recognized by their oval and moderately convex body shapes with slender maxillary palps and uniformly slender tibiae (usually strongly convex and sometimes rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cylominae">Cylominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6085FE9CC320ED4B88E9D17AF3C35A7A" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cylominae">Cylominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sphaeridiinae">Sphaeridiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FBC9216FD6A464585C8F32D7F808FE39" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sphaeridiinae">Sphaeridiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with short and stout maxillary palps and stout to apically broadened tibiae). The maxillary palps are always curved inwards in
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E165DAA1FBDCD77F167C98481F60DBB3" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(maxillary palpomere 2 with inner margin straight to concave; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12F-J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="647B02DCA2AC303E29FC5A425D2C3778" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Head structures A-C scanning electron micrographs of ventral view of head: A Tobochares pallidus with smooth mentum and white arrow pointing to transverse carina limiting posterior margin of antero-medial depression B Nanosaphes tricolor with top white arrow pointing to oblique crenulations of mentum, mid white arrow pointing to flat and smooth anterior surface of submentum, and bottom white arrow pointing to concave posterior surface of submentum C Quadriops reticulatus with white arrow pointing to antero-medial depression of mentum D, E light micrographs of antenna: D Aulonochares tubulus (9 antennomeres) E Chasmogenus cremnobates (8 antennomeres) F-J light micrographs of maxillary palps: F Quadriops reticulatus G Agraphydrus insidiator H Helochares sp. I Helochares lividus J Aulonochares tubulus. Scale bars: 100 μm (A-C)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557411" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12F-J</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with palpomeres 2-4 similar in length and proportions (curved outwards, zig-zag oriented, or with shorter palpomere 3 in most
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Fikacek" authorityYear="2013" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Enochrinae">Enochrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="19D35514DA74138FD867A31D72ED4827" authorityName="Short & Fikacek" authorityYear="2013" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Enochrinae">Enochrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bedel" authorityYear="1881" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chaetarthriinae">Chaetarthriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5EB941B8E07D89FD6BF1B1A36371A7DD" authorityName="Bedel" authorityYear="1881" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chaetarthriinae">Chaetarthriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). In addition, Acidocerines always bear five tarsomeres on the meso- and metatarsi (four in some enochrines).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="021868F349BA616F119BE98DB8CE125F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F65B7696FC5E2A16DFB3493E743F2444" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2484FCFDBE2A353BFA9E0C8C2688E145" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8E3FD6CB44FE434CCF9E99261FE06FA8" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: diagnosis of the group (at the time as a subtribe, and including some genera now placed in the subfamily
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Fikacek" authorityYear="2013" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Enochrinae">Enochrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EA78B40FE1111FCF06922F5D6DAC130D" authorityName="Short & Fikacek" authorityYear="2013" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Enochrinae">Enochrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), list of genera and subgenera with synonyms, key to genera, and description of each genus (8 out of the 23 recognized in this paper).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">Hansen 1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="59D9B31C3FEB8BE97D019DCD38BFB855" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">Hansen 1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: catalog with full list of species at the time (nearly 300), synonyms and references.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F01851B9F1A0DC489A566E3BA4275D5A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="986A24D5B119FB27F55903570EB96DB7" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC1CEA6D30A8FDBF91DBF9C717326449" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a subfamily excluding enochrine genera, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Horelophopsinae">Horelophopsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D60D0104F833B91A35D6827C815FD545" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Horelophopsinae">Horelophopsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as synonym, list of genera, general diagnosis.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="06432BDDD22D696AF3ABB09A0E054AAB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the subfamily, groups of genera.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E4A90810BDE7B559EC53AE309B05DADD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B2D8DFDB2FF30CBDB37949D42473CF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7FEA981D44A92B850702CE8FA1A3624D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The subfamily
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31C8FE58DD1FC2FEBB85A430A5386CD8" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a group with many contrasts. It includes some of the largest as well as smallest hydrophilids; some genera are either strikingly different from, or extremely similar to others; the external morphology of some genera is extremely uniform and species can only be recognized by characters of the male genitalia, or so variable that is difficult to diagnose the group as a unit; at the species level, the distributions can be very narrow and restricted to one or a few fairly close localities, or very broadly widespread across several continents. There is a trend for species living in the same kind of habitats to have certain shared morphological features. For example, species that live in aquatic habitats tend to have slender and relatively long maxillary palps and metafemora mostly covered by hydrofuge pubescence, whereas species living in hygropetric habitats tend to have shorter and stouter maxillary palps and reduced or absent coverage of hydrofuge pubescence on the metafemora.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,245 +1,245 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959277" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E32588B5754A0ABA237203807BC067B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4E32588B5754A0ABA237203807BC067B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="4E32588B5754A0ABA237203807BC067B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959277" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E32588B5754A0ABA237203807BC067B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4E32588B5754A0ABA237203807BC067B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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<subSubSection id="BC3E144FE7AB6F74EE3E488E9E327C5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Giron & Short, 2018" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="BC06CB79E057BB643A20CED99E8FEF02" ID-CoL="8XMZW" authority="Giron & Short, 2018" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Nanosaphes
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="2BEDE7EFABF46157F18C7B6C7235A4A4" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2018
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1L</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 40E-H</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 41</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="75E4A076A6F0E09DE2B6B2C143BE2F19" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5A27D9211332073DD059804B51A06D46" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BDDDF03F0725B93436458812E940A514" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 40E-H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="89D191EE74DEF998DB928407F929F9C6" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 41</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nanosaphes</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="C3316AF4FCFBAF1734DC9003C27FF4B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B922CCAE6F09F649D4004FF90C20940A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="141664D7BAD1451C038F5EF6D7D51BBD" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nanosaphes</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="8614C8A18C1A575A3CBB8BA55771B46A" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2018: 143.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
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<subSubSection id="C432D1E6F0A25E4B68432E2E3FE26024" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph id="09C0E623379EA57F9E675A2FCF876445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7FEA6079C3A5484FC9D2916662E4CE34" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes tricolor" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricolor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes tricolor</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="8FCF30F06E8DD720F28F6122B7497D1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="4F55B4B3383984DDB60B067F109DF102" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F1308402E91ACD5A54904C3ECF1F5788" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="E5968C0D122E3010A4852F8F3D3CE190" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes tricolor" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricolor">
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<emphasis id="39CFA1C62712F70C2E960C4111B4BA03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes tricolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="88EE076E17340B08EB388F210A16443B" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2018: 151; by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<subSubSection id="3BD2EEFA91E923569447AB855E21A49C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2685B3BBA14575E6F05FEF881B825ED3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FBB7C9D1D5383E0630A6BB08E9194685" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Very small beetles, body length 1.15-1.45 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view; slightly to moderately, and evenly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="75941A1B25B5A8F80C01C5686A36359E" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
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). Coloration uniformly brown, to variable along the body; ground punctation shallow to moderately marked (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2310E643EAA535E151D87647DA1678EB" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
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). Shape of head trapezoid and relatively wide. Eyes moderate in size, slightly emarginated anteriorly, not projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with lateral oblique ridges. Antennae with eight antennomeres; cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps slender, moderately long nearly 0.7
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<normalizedToken id="839BD16300671D00706E91EC10124D00" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin curved along apical half (e.g., Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D93E2F5924437FFC1A416B4F796F7D40" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41C, F</figureCitation>
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). Each elytron with ground punctures usually only shallowly marked, seemingly forming longitudinal rows, with irregularly distributed systematic punctures bearing rather long setae, denser along lateral and posterior regions; elytra without sutural striae. Prosternum flat, at most only weakly convex. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite, usually projected as low and short longitudinal carina between mesocoxae; anapleural sutures only weakly curved, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly 0.9
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<normalizedToken id="047561C83C8F4442BDAC11CF8989BCD4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite with posterolateral and mesal glabrous patches (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="E7D7FFD58E6EC580358AFBABF447B1A3" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41C, F</figureCitation>
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). Protibiae with spines of anterior row hair-like, semi erect, relatively long, thick and sparse. Metafemora mostly densely covered by hydrofuge pubescence (e.g., Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F3F80CBBAEA033B9AC4C5094DB07839B" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Habitus of Nanosaphes spp. A-C N. tricolor: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. punctatus: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41C, F</figureCitation>
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). All tarsomeres with long and thick spines on ventral faces of tarsomeres 2-4; metatarsomeres 2-4 gradually decreasing in size, metatarsomere 5 as long as 3 and 4 combined, 2 slightly shorter. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically emarginate, with fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40E-H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="FA43031C74C4E3FB63665FB1F5F531DC" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40E-H</figureCitation>
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), nearly parallel sided, with basal piece 0.3-0.6
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CE359D0151F323DEACCF87C67E49DECF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of parameres; median lobe with well-developed lateral basal apodemes, wider at base than base of each paramere, usually narrower at apex than preapical width of parameres; apex of median lobe rounded; parameres from slightly shorter to longer than median lobe, and only narrowing at apex; gonopore situated beyond midpoint of median lobe.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 41" startId="F41">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 41.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="A8DF63CFC9D5B9EF8633613C068B0432" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557440" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 41" startId="F41">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1FFEA034371B8048418B313C2E95B0DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9D9345C3332D17735C20B82E18113E8B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 41.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1A69AD1DB5C9A988DCB85F00667AF82D" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D3C58AA0515227513DB0CF7E813D1E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="232FC8B37A6909A346CD18547386DAC3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5043C30619EC3268CE4291D4054BA7E6" lsidName="N. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E5658111C70CD58E1F8D20573522E793" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0F4A41D21311BDDDCFE3890D59A81F10" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A5372A99095735AF92817BBB4D88E3D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="EE82433FDC694108BAD6AA59BA9925F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. punctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1A5781DB3622600C7B524E272D8490B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="559AF2D8959FEF6906919DB946BC4489" lsidName="N. punctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="49136525D5D6223A8FF35852146E60B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7A0A484D08A5B6A97A2B9B53D1F4FC7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C2830B0ACB0D70F4833A70E652D2A42" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC472FDB0FAC14E8AF9F9412B4D993C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E54E2702182FDDCBEA604FD9146B5A9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D31F9EFCBAB640435EEBBA2CB8E262B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A0CA13963A6016B22EACF96EF28C3C9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The minute size of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="082F40F420940ADD7E8D51CAF496C5D8" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="68A04686BE08470E161BDE5F080E06E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
make them smaller than any other
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D0574F247AFDDF28DCAAD23DB7AB9768" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the New World, and about equal in size to the smallest species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13912CD776039F4B5E1FCF58F20E1EE4" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A2A228A4CEF047EE1BCADEBD4AE2F3CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Old World. They are among the smallest water scavenger beetles worldwide. The lack of elytral serial or sutural striae and the antennae with eight antennomeres also separate
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC2006CD214C7835D91972DA9E2BA3FC" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="38646D0F10D508B5479B8FF513A5CD06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from all other Neotropical
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="69BFFFDADF12F3A0AD42D17F492FA244" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
genera except the co-occurring
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3CE976CB4911958E0AD7C77CF845B3A4" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7BD2AC30D2F906F3BAF946EA410BB6F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AFD754A7CAA1F11F8CC8EB0E4F06E8A7" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BD6FCDEBC60E12B375984722121E7AB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be easily separated from
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24C0B0A14ED4A32C081F8F2EE76FBC8D" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F7BCA1A55A7037E821A73427E13762F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its smaller size and narrower, more parallel sided body form (broader and almost rotund in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8FC90D9850400A819EED09EAE40B245C" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="245BEA0B50788D23523287A56ADDED9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8AAEDB722AB6291E1754FC3DFD3D3905" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="827C5110AC1480D55EC9D1DE86C68F6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B000A5C82FA07C6CBA55D76AC11E3C18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED90A752674BD157D024215FF4A7B01C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EFD84AFA45D93662CB9C34DAB5EB9ABD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="17BBA65974A3E904F6D3B53B3F75E31F" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), Guyana, Suriname; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8213D4205E4C713D956CF9938E73490B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species are associated with stream margins, particularly where there are marginal banks of sand and roots.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ECAF540B7F6A71FB2F8FC1493B6BB0A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DA1378AD79CF3CA2C336D9F687D07E5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="038CF9317F867C4908ACCD240C0110C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species are associated with stream margins, particularly where there are marginal banks of sand and roots.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EA63072D40EDE5CD39A8436A8FF7E20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="09649EAF9448BFFAB854068E69C2A3C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="02371D1735C04A97F10A6BD79151C57A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Immature stages are not known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="71727E2D14655B69EE199AEECB2532F7" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4E90870BFD35D84AE3FBE9E700967109" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DBD7F1C0EACAF455EB1878EF1A6B9B16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="09294C366923D48C1F2EF0A561DFBB6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="54EF3ABD04D351C3EA9F208EAEAAD407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8F28AA2917936971D5F631B621886D9F" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="919DB7B8C391D8D78E00C93BE25EAD1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was only recently described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="315088303E9A80D2B26A4C906AD78A7B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0303AFE2D1AA2D26AD9F6538DAEEA073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C7BA1A0337905E630878A2A633298F5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are four known species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82042190F513BAF8BDEC4B0E2DE59DBD" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CA4986665BF9CEE3A3EB2D07BF028D74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which can be differentiated from each other by external morphological features (e.g., elytral punctation, coloration, shape of the posterior elevation of the mesoventrite), which is somewhat unusual by acidocerine standards. We have seen additional material of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4332C4D31D9CBB8960735C90384E7E3" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E7DF408E1D5D7F3E3D446B763DE0E81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from other regions within the Guiana Shield.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were available for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E2A5D8ABDB07E051816D271D93B648B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0CC2FDD4B8E4F39B64C15EDB2B2F5A23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0DFE8078530C20A106E98336536F5DA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were available for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="BE64CE4784DD1166229019E933F233C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CF2E3CFB4A9E02793EFBB6B3F117AC17" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="983938C0AB872CF9ED9B8E749F973456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2F549BB8A1B8713146CAA04751646453" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
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<normalizedToken id="B5B58BC05590D319C7CE27C9D27ED9B1" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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and Short 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and all its known species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="10B6D1C5CE312B82DF33EF699922007C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,387 +1,387 @@
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Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quadriops Hansen, 1999</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1P</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11C</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 48</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49A-D</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="D0C59CF27885E373974E21F76E2052BF" ID-CoL="8XPK7" authority="Hansen, 1999" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quadriops Hansen, 1999</taxonomicName>
|
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<figureCitation id="DB8FDF8AA60153021460ACFC61708086" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1P</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="3066B4BF3243C65E91833E830874E810" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8AE3225D03CC90E072D2BC8004818A7" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8A28E0EEA835AA6C62A9746FC02C7A2F" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7F8DB4DF6AD9619A2CAE47D65C8E47B5" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 48</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1083364C7463D3E2B239BF70D42224B5" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49A-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quadriops</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A3DD71FAF897A36978D04CBBD3012559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A7059F8D051939440327FB00C07FC571" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B7E285F87DD3977E534B25D10AC3937" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quadriops</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen, 1999a: 131.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BF109756EE74251110B3BB4D8974B166" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="29D1524A978274FC511FC5DB885308B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7EA965939FFEED6101458FA9F1AD79B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops depressus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8E74B60F4127C81994E3B05279B2AAB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FBA820905839117A6944219E83B1C86D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0BE5D04431F855F39A4D2DE27CBB50E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A0C1947B2DD0BEA1FF9A9CE2657BF413" authorityName="M.Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops depressus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B8B7114511FE41C6111F68701A7BF62B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen, 1999a: 136; by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A6F05A959C88B463714D73BEE037FC65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="66294B59791016ACA86448C89888E69C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FDA9976AB45D5FDC3168D3F4F1F93F46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small to very small beetles, body length 1.6-2.6 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view; moderate to strongly convex in lateral view, dorsal outline evenly convex or nearly straight along median region (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="61B8B4D344667EE7D8E76FD287394460" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Color orange brown to dark brown, uniform along body regions; ground punctation shallow to moderately marked (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A81A11A733DA0F3A30544ADE672C014" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Shape of head somewhat rectangular. Frons lateral and posteriorly expanded, forming
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares canthus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canthus">Tobochares canthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="440BCD360901F78246113E9007FB6A11" authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares canthus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canthus">Tobochares canthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
completely dividing eyes in dorsal and ventral portions (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A7BA2FF444C602D57D8BDD2434584D32" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes very small in dorsal view. Clypeus laterally expanded in front and around outer margin of eyes; anterior margin of clypeus straight (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2520ED389CEF3C0542C11F05D1058F11" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labrum partly exposed. Mentum rather smooth and medially depressed; median anterior depression marked by a transverse carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0904BC7D1441295D87156CCB51E7F673" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres, cupule slightly asymmetric with rounded outline. Maxillary palps rather short and stout, nearly half as long as width of head; maxillary palpomere 4 slightly longer than palpomere 3; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 straight to convex, outer margin strongly curved along apical 2/3. Elytra without sutural striae, with punctures either irregularly distributed or forming well defined longitudinal rows; elytra narrowly explanate anteriorly, explanation gradually broader towards apex (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5BEA66A5A8160D2A40531D15BD4B6A72" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of prosternum flat. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite, usually with well-defined transverse ridge, seldom with acute tooth; anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly 0.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="476AA69C83E41CBE7F35D2A3D3696087" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite usually uniformly densely pubescent, sometimes with reduced posteromedian glabrous patch. Protibiae with spines of anterior row hair-like, semi erect, relatively long, and thick; apical spurs of protibia moderately stout, reaching apex of protarsomere 3. All tarsomeres with thick hair-like spines on ventral face of tarsomeres 2-4; metatarsomeres 1-4 similar in length, 5 nearly as long as 3 and 4 combined. Metafemora with tibial grooves moderately developed; anterior surface of metafemora mostly glabrous, with few very scattered small setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6E528DEEB1EB53B8B898A58ECAE46749" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Habitus of Quadriops spp. A-C Q. acroreius: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F Q. clusia: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fifth abdominal ventrite apically rounded and without fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49A-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0801D87C54B0BC987082162DA35B4DA1" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49A-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with basal piece about half length of parameres; median lobe wider than base of each paramere, with narrow, triangular, longitudinal sclerite, usually extending along apical third; parameres as long as, to longer than median lobe, and nearly half as wide; gonopore situated preapically; basal piece with lateral margins straight to sinuate, apically slightly diverging.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 48" startId="F48">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 48.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="9890C12B2B6BB73B31EBA2B385904D4B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 48" startId="F48">
|
||||
<paragraph id="895A9A28ED638141B80B3ED73FE7D377" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AAABE290B59D07434FB5C9943C16D5B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 48.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="273BAD5F0E4B26716A297DA348F2E71B" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F6AA446F48F5D609B6FA55444CAB50BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. acroreius" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acroreius">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. acroreius</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="700FF0417E1123C23EA179D6C3209D07" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AD0FE94FAE80A9DA8EBF4382B937C302" lsidName="Q. acroreius" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acroreius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E6FAD227B497AD7C3A0311B5E5094ED4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. acroreius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="043326BC2EF2B155794C89121C646F6B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="346F6287CA48A26A90C2B7B5D442203D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BADC3FAF9FFBECFB3392BB3E15427B1F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. clusia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="clusia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1249364543B3ECF1ED3827CA65AF4CB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="66E12D914633FE3D9FB4FCA85FB2D91A" lsidName="Q. clusia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="clusia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E18038A8772FD722E9028A1228F83D8C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1578521750991685836B0287D6BDA762" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="479F928F43B030C31381C32C6EE88FED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="46F5E36CF846F794C357F30270519118" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 49" startId="F49">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 49.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="BE99484BEFF1A11CD38B125B37DD8AB9" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 49" startId="F49">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9681571D7D0A2299840AB4771A993520" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="065515CF269DBDED696402ABEFB882D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 49.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C8B14B12CCDCBB0842435829C483A871" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="96076EFD9744A1AD4E3EEB6FC99C88C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="669DA3F7FE825413AC50625605CBD2E4" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5AE7D56FCBDFA25659C9566A78210C97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EA30BBEC70EA186E872C7FBDD4F6524B" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Sindolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sindolus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0BFB96751197FAD4238287134575099B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sindolus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. clusia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="clusia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="138D85794BB4EF175CE3D4875703398D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="33C407C3CC5D3AA346008D46D9989E40" lsidName="Q. clusia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="clusia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FB67286EFA8B9C610AC717077734B5D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5E57ECE5485CC8D1DAE55D6C2EBFF100" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6830CB101180C7289B458A745633F98A" lsidName="Q. depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="88B5A80BD78C0289FD8A2729F0A3E7BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. reticulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8B50EE09C918250BA1CC804CEDA307C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9B55BC5E3A1E9DA0995F4B137141AC1C" lsidName="Q. reticulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A77020A9D38B89D3AF73E626675901AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. similaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="similaris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. similaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B6BAE6B76A2334499AD3EC28BC99F27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CEB36726F75D939329C5EA0F90CBF648" lsidName="Q. similaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="similaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="971FA32BF35DCDF00F05603309C1DCD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. similaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D1E5A47D63B3132821F84A3F484E634D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="35BB6DA5A784F2819D2EFB1D016B6445" genus="S." lsidName="S." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C907C2CBE32C6CBC99F09AAA8C3B8DDE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (Venezuela)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3D581A1653F4B54BF680DA92E07FF71F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0E6E033D188DA4A79C923811EFAF0B74" genus="S." lsidName="S." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9E2F9490B5E47E1C65B9B5FFBD744324" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (Venezuela)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. ayacucho" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2ACC301F82CCD497F766CAD6ADFE409" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="707A1BEDC068BB7F0B5C6CE27CF48641" lsidName="R. ayacucho" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EFC910BCAB6C2C8084593093B9012E00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="AAF9018485A437C324BF4BBE7082B9EB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="588B7FCB8B6DB74FA166EEB35DF924CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I, J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. granitum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="granitum">R. cf. granitum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="058043907FCC7087FC29ABDFAC37BD7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I, J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="85FE78F68655BA4A9032A8479D2573C7" lsidName="R. granitum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="granitum">R. cf. granitum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Suriname):
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E45CC562DE2D8FD5D1F2C707D48EB29F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="982C4089F66FE002FDE5C84036FF04EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K, L</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. surinamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="surinamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. surinamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6EEC5208FF59C17C7A0533C40BEDE6D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K, L</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECDF1717EAF104A4DFD8A47FF08D5C29" lsidName="R. surinamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="surinamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D555ED2A7BAFA5697C3A445439B53B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. surinamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="862A69AF06F9F5939825C1C0AC4CD3BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="053FE80955E7794A6C50D1CD62474D62" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A93AA661B9FA7C4D2FB36D07159B50DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-L</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E88016975E0814C08C22AC1AC4FD8557" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-L</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DF8E9159B48A4043F4EAE508EA9E9415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B9441110A2FD9845E3A5E18AF9FE8435" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="677ED9B81D58D2411ECAB0CD1A83A8F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB4D22A5CE969D88CF3BAECEE073C41D" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9D66ADE653FC54C95197208ED438CFEC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only known acidocerine with fully divided eyes. Species with uniformly distributed punctures along the elytra may resemble
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8158657BF91BEA11EE32C4C26ACA667E" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A22B45451E18855444690F6366E76E2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but the moderate punctation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9D2402A224E6584BC7209F4D4C7C9C15" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="364B70C15DECE7CD76A81FA3481F4998" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very evident (punctation only shallowly marked in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9391E8725C8836E91DAE54411658162A" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Globulosis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5E7A3CC9D4BCEF0C16C465CF286136D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globulosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="02E0355A4C5B970793AD0A3C9B606C07" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Habitus of Globulosis flavus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Some species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D0858979CFECF1CF9603064A199099EA" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F0F14F2B299B2A85004AE518564D328D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have nearly divided eyes, and lack impressed striae along the elytra (
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares emarginatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1CD934F95F229ED97D40BCEC9C44D131" authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares emarginatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FA98E038EB7F49C0AD0B04F2E4FA7D7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6C247EBAFFF9031FB94DBFBD97777C85" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8836FA2A72AD8BC58F67449C55086194" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2021a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), resembling species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CE2DEB38C42286135D2B0B84532F4BE6" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4E7C2F06A7D9979D40978885EEE2DFB6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with uniformly distributed punctures along the elytra, but they differ in the shape of the posterior elevation of the mesoventrite (sharply elevated as a tooth or a blunt transverse carina in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6DA4A8009CF3B549A9B820CD75B39BE" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAE249858C9C829DFDC1DCE15AA221B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, medially bulging in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="canthus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. canthus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5A0F1F432ACD5CF8914DB67368B54CA6" lsidName="T. canthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="canthus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="92ACE4E0454D3A6923B40657D85123E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. canthus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kohlenberg & Short).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="94648354595B64CA01DFDB523C64A0AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D78E853FA80F3F5DB1598E9933100F9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="10732A513159E9CBA46B9A11C63C6954" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E169650E0A957B73CC3D138807FD380D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (Amazonas), Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="87F445771F43FD9F89E6B5EA96B5003C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AFA7FCFED4990F952FAC64BD47EA686D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="505B3B724D1DC5F66BC6DCDBD2765EBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5EA96CC5001A01FD91CE7DE4571B9514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Specimens have been caught using flight intercept traps, many long series have been collected on decaying
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Clusiidae" genus="Clusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clusia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="39CB2ED802E5692B794DEFCDF9032648" class="Insecta" family="Clusiidae" genus="Clusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clusia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3401C0B940FBE0227A2F4D1FD2A6045C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
fruits, which can be somewhat used as bait (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Examples of terrestrial habitat for Acidocerinae A, B Rotting Clusia fruit, showing Quadriops clusia crawling on the surface (Suriname: SR 17 - 0322 - 03 A) C collecting specimens by submerging rotting fruits in pans of water and waiting for the beetles to float to the surface." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557409" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="28CD5261953DFFE162E78D428D094AD6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Examples of terrestrial habitat for Acidocerinae A, B Rotting Clusia fruit, showing Quadriops clusia crawling on the surface (Suriname: SR 17 - 0322 - 03 A) C collecting specimens by submerging rotting fruits in pans of water and waiting for the beetles to float to the surface." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557409" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Additional specimens have been collected in rotten logs, sap flows on freshly cut trees, and in the refuse piles of leafcutter ants (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EAD42E197B921939EAF1EC6777C96304" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8D62610EC268565A4596703D8A5CD031" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2017
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7E546994B846F79BB6693D7143547C74" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5834BE8ABD83C97ECAB86BD489565DE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B89DE94B75408E712C0C80EE52910AC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The immature stages of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0548F7020E762D778334764677C5C220" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8AD76D7FE887CB5D94DC12A6F65DBEE9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B141" refString="Hansen, M, 1999a. Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Insect Systematics and Evolution 30 (2): 121 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" title="Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" volume="30" year="1999 a">Hansen (1999a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="994EE21F9AFA148AAB986B27492202FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E819BE1858114F8910B4162B14B9AD06" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E1BC5924628D893C1C8471A24DCDF2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="331A0F640F794603C843C31222491353" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B141" refString="Hansen, M, 1999a. Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Insect Systematics and Evolution 30 (2): 121 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" title="Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" volume="30" year="1999 a">Hansen (1999a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described the genus with five species, differentiated mostly by the presence and degree of impression of reticulation on the head and clypeus. When he originally described it,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B141" refString="Hansen, M, 1999a. Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Insect Systematics and Evolution 30 (2): 121 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" title="Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" volume="30" year="1999 a">Hansen (1999a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="34C40EC8ABE23942801E5CD6C505119B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B141" refString="Hansen, M, 1999a. Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Insect Systematics and Evolution 30 (2): 121 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" title="Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" volume="30" year="1999 a">Hansen (1999a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
was unsure of the taxonomic affinity of the genus, as the morphology of the lineage was somewhat unusual. He placed it in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" family="Hydrophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Acidocerina">Acidocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1ED4ABAD3C7D13218FFA4DA6FDC14727" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Acidocerina">Acidocerina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(now
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8C78C22532BD344A4AACAD78B69AD8C9" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) almost by default as it shared no characters in common with other lineages, but ultimately, he was correct as this placement as verified by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4EE8B0FEA675B2DE8E893E247056CB75" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 65" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" refId="B124" refString="Garcia, M, 2000b. Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 34 (1): 59 - 65, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" title="Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" volume="34" year="2000 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E5DD63A4E636122B148DF33998575A22" author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 65" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" refId="B124" refString="Garcia, M, 2000b. Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 34 (1): 59 - 65, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" title="Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" volume="34" year="2000 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="967D5A9AB8CB088F7193EBDB2407CC57" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(2000b)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described an additional species from Venezuela. The genus was revised by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8D4E2B5B22496F671D475A075AC3240B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="80AEFD8CE0D53A4177329C76F9F0233F" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short (2017)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: two species were synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops depressus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="40610F20D25BD2B4FD384E098FCBC8FB" authorityName="M.Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops depressus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E5829D73B3BEB6F9C8D4DCFC004308D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen; two new species were described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="544ED4C2AC76BD303ABA962E8026E110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="70F959D1C69432C265817D0AD5555936" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="339CABD87A5595728440358391C83333" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="486A85B4610A6CCF88CE46C401D19066" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="67BB78140BE91C12D371C3C2F9ABAD0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only fully terrestrial genus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FEA670F86A555DD77BE22CA44554C8D3" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. There are six described species within the genus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops acroreius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acroreius">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops acroreius</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F80185489532DCF4B580D7EBE3B0CD17" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="42DCDE4D40A3693AE8ACA8A5F48F001C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F4B97EDD208F1A1A256ADB23F39E75D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BE7C9B651EB575F246C300D92934A212" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quadriops acroreius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acroreius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C82F4EBCE342623BB977AE2EFD9D74A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quadriops acroreius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C5E64384B63970787B072EB5070CFDBA" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short (holotype and paratype),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. clusia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="clusia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="67BED9F9577DAEFBC373B587BC031D40" lsidName="Q. clusia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="clusia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5A24E2B47BB4B6A406729C5A6E1850E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. clusia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="83272B4A2F7D7176E532BCB262067B42" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short (holotype, paratypes and additional specimens),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. dentatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4468891000A7E8C489B67A6A2E2AEAD3" lsidName="Q. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A9A1C74ACA6D7523175A21560B2B5B7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. dentatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen (holotype and additional specimens),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="872027F01693E5377E5C1D2D7D535D8D" lsidName="Q. depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC3E2B24059D3B763C34AF1787EC57B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. depressus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen (holotype and additional specimens),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. reticulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6ACC033215FD5C181542526C56F06408" lsidName="Q. reticulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2C6DC3BF38F2C256A2A4FE9F1B190E2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen (holotype and additional specimens),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. similaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="similaris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. similaris</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1D7DFDB32072CB032B4B86D5D73EB07" lsidName="Q. similaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="similaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A7BD74353636BDB350A9D70580917D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q. similaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hansen (holotype and additional specimens).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B141" refString="Hansen, M, 1999a. Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Insect Systematics and Evolution 30 (2): 121 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" title="Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" volume="30" year="1999 a">Hansen 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="06953B6486094EECB2AAC00D68A0F620" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E733B77FB50AC7665D0BED9EE7E2CB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AD62F2032E0853F22DC5EFC6973E91CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EC970FC586993288652E63DE95178D76" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B141" refString="Hansen, M, 1999a. Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Insect Systematics and Evolution 30 (2): 121 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" title="Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631200X00228" volume="30" year="1999 a">Hansen 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 65" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" refId="B124" refString="Garcia, M, 2000b. Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 34 (1): 59 - 65, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" title="Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" volume="34" year="2000 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="63C8C93773EE3FA680C7D96F283CF7CC" author="Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 65" publicationUrl="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" refId="B124" refString="Garcia, M, 2000b. Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela. Boletin del Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas 34 (1): 59 - 65, http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" title="Una nueva especie de Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae) de Venezuela." url="http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/219" volume="34" year="2000 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7A659947841B733EB4E963A3D324F631" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2000b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of one additional species from Venezuela;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C3DBA136F80492BDFBE6F37AEA126CFF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 141" refId="B130" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 705: 115 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.19815" volume="705" year="2017">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="52C2AEC8243ADFD9118C31898425F501" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2017
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: generic revision including two synonymies and two new species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D5353CFE93ADA21D4F9278751DB52C60" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,513 +1,513 @@
|
|||
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||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:691A14D47234D37E43742D58EE233E5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/691A14D47234D37E43742D58EE233E5F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<treatment id="691A14D47234D37E43742D58EE233E5F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:691A14D47234D37E43742D58EE233E5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/691A14D47234D37E43742D58EE233E5F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="668FEB792D49B1CEBF5C569A5119C3F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4A24114E741C886FA7B5CD2D6A1EC2CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Kuwert, 1890" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crephelochares Kuwert, 1890</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1V</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5AE02E4F447D259C3462F4619CF9692B" ID-CoL="8XKLV" authority="Kuwert, 1890" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crephelochares Kuwert, 1890</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6E263115B7A02108F46AA5839E35C7E8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1V</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="88F81BA44CA85228E4DA6BAC337C59FB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="51F0F713DB760F9A832748CCB0290183" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0AACF194BA6CEB77934DBFF230901965" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CC8AB0F377773820793C195901BC11E2" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="05851064F14A3360D4356A5247F14716" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Crephelochares)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crephelochares">Helochares (Crephelochares)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5C1FFB291D9EC24A9D5026AED25C69DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B1442B89FE70EF1140129F2A6B274D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DBE5C82C747094797DCCF3B6B3A7D6D3" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Crephelochares)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crephelochares">Helochares (Crephelochares)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuwert, 1890a: 38.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Crepidelochares)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crepidelochares">Helochares (Crepidelochares)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3EAC888A5E52D7A67F90E91C3CDB1DED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1CD320AA65EACBAF70ECD2BA6649938C" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Crepidelochares)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crepidelochares">Helochares (Crepidelochares)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Ganglbauer, 1904: 248 [unjustified emendation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crephelochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3B8476D5316A705F6FA52776CEEC6D92" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crephelochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuwert, 1890].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Chasmogenus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chasmogenus">Helochares (Chasmogenus)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8997D71DC1360F8387105354CA758EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CA389EFB80DC5FC075795C983FBCDDA" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Chasmogenus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chasmogenus">Helochares (Chasmogenus)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuwert;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="275BC7668B19F2B00D0C5B3F426945E4" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4FC84630238521CA53D28CDE57B1DBA6" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1919c
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 148 [taxonomic treatment];
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Knisch, A" journalOrPublisher="Junk, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B188" refString="Knisch, A, 1924a. Hydrophilidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Coleopterorum Catalogus (Vol. 14, part 79). W. Junk, Berlin" title="Hydrophilidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Coleopterorum Catalogus (Vol. 14, part 79). W." year="1924 a">Knisch 1924a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2F993BCE712467E39742B13D68D7FC39" author="Knisch, A" journalOrPublisher="Junk, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B188" refString="Knisch, A, 1924a. Hydrophilidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Coleopterorum Catalogus (Vol. 14, part 79). W. Junk, Berlin" title="Hydrophilidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Coleopterorum Catalogus (Vol. 14, part 79). W." year="1924 a">Knisch 1924a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 195 [catalog].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crephelochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="87B1BA51E35716986D904763FD2539D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BC27D35CE6D18A3D54EFEF190FA67B79" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crephelochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuwert;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CA9E8826783A9179EDAD252CA50D4C54" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B88EACEE379DD9687470BD6F88C1D042" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1986
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 148 [junior synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4A882F251DA4E8605A7F30492BC6F06" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as genus];
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AA8F20719FC6CCCE4EC20F9076992382" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 293 [catalog];
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="735713E74CD9D01306FF264F79079CDF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
[elevated to generic rank].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus (Crephelochares)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crephelochares">Chasmogenus (Crephelochares)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4D235FA02D092126DA084DE5B6013AF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1D895DA6784B7DFE96016A3879314563" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus (Crephelochares)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crephelochares">Chasmogenus (Crephelochares)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuwert;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2DBF9E1E72BFEF99C513CBE9612E7A81" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 62 [as subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C140CFCA3357E551F135BC30151A7EBF" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="39659943057CDCB28D36A8C09FBA4C44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2004CB831E880C1D041964C4099AA438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F78D8AE75D9FC4AEA7C841CDF270812" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares livornicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livornicus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares livornicus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EA798E5AC2D087304226EFF8B549C8EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="03313675F5EF45E976D525DB63337A1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="856D501B616E2A77507FD36F42AA9569" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2836DEF129F394B972CD7FE67C21D1D4" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares livornicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livornicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8E5D86ED06248B369C091B389FC22658" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares livornicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuwert, 1890: 38; subsequent designation by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="154 - 166" refId="B73" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1939a. Revision des especes du sous-genre Crephelochares d' Helochares. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 79: 154 - 166" title="Revision des especes du sous-genre Crephelochares d' Helochares." volume="79" year="1939 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8E770AA956BB0B371AB7216AE07C2CE0" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="154 - 166" refId="B73" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1939a. Revision des especes du sous-genre Crephelochares d' Helochares. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 79: 154 - 166" title="Revision des especes du sous-genre Crephelochares d' Helochares." volume="79" year="1939 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C6269D159BDE3D5BBCC13D4316350273" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1939a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 154).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="27AA57872708BBA2104D746BFBB32055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="809CA06E57C1B467080EAE42FC9614B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="484F222E8230B0DE0922CE624331AE63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Body length ranging from 2.5-4.8 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, dorsoventrally slightly flattened, moderately convex in lateral view, with dorsal outline nearly evenly convex (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E5E9DCAA8860B3E90363BBF9BD387B97" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
); surface even and smooth, with usually shallow ground punctation (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8262A5105BA42AA0193C1A3BEAF553F2" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Coloration usually dark brown seldom yellowish, uniform across body regions. Head trapezoid (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2794D3CDB56B6993A100330C4CD6D22B" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes relatively large, at most only slightly emarginated anteriorly, and not or only slightly projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin mesally emarginate; membranous preclypeal area visible when clypeus strongly emarginated. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum punctate or punctate laterally and medially obliquely striate; medial surface flat to depressed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A18068E7320A31D054B5A24FD035FDD7" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anteromedial depression sometimes limited by low transverse carina. Antennae with nine antennomeres, with cupule slightly asymmetric and rounded. Maxillary palps slender, 1.2-1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DA41484E887790D1EE6F44D3610AB6EB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than width of head; maxillary palpomere 4 nearly 0.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C91D4DDED8DE6B72EC8C3D1C4A108853" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of maxillary palpomere 3; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, and outer margin curved along apical half. Pronotum evenly convex. Elytra with sutural striae, with outer margins slightly flared; ground punctures usually only shallowly marked, serial punctures absent and at least one median row of systematic punctures visible on each elytron (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E4B77A79DD2BA6116159B94A36626A4E" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of prosternum usually flat, sometimes tectiform. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with longitudinal carina; anapleural sutures sinuate, separated at anterior margin by distance similar to slightly shorter than anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite with posteromesal and posterolateral glabrous patches (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5B40A28CA819FBC2491C46DB1D1DE6EF" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row semi erect, relatively long, thick and sparse; apical spurs of protibiae relatively short and stout, not reaching apex of protarsomere 2. Metafemora with tibial grooves moderately developed; hydrofuge pubescence covering basal 4/5 of anterior surface of metafemora (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9F68EA8C72213ECAD61D8E7C43E45C52" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Habitus Crephelochares spp. A-C Crephelochares nitescens: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D Crephelochares cf. patrizii (image from Bird et al. 2017). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metatarsomeres 2-4 gradually decreasing in size, with two rows of spines on ventral surface; metatarsomere 2 slightly longer than 5, 5 shorter than 3 and 4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite emarginate at apex, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DA48640443A0B237AD9ABD4CE5D8992F" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with parameres at most only fused at base on dorsal surface; median lobe divided in dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate sclerotized along margins, medially membranous, membranes with papillae or denticles along apico-medial region; ventral plate as inverted Y, sometimes accompanied by basal median laminar sclerite; basal piece nearly as long as or longer than ventral length of parameres, always noticeable; gonopore not clearly visible.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 28.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="720173673FD0875AA1F97EA0490D85DD" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
|
||||
<paragraph id="320437771C97B3446DAC19988422A108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5D944EF133E928F845F1738F4045F576" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 28.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0257A2F768994295A79E7CADEA885D43" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBF1E495CBD1FAAEFD8E51E0FCEF6A06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D3789A24582897BE0ACB498C4EE358DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96DD035A03AED239C5FFF49E8EC42440" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6C1D6F588E998D56E31FBB5F3075FF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1BFE11ACD1713AB891206215D459D882" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="85A6662987F096360191BD85CD57624F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED556FB531471B535F727B8A1BF0F4A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares patrizii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares cf. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="96F2CA8A1AF804F453C4CF4A21A70A3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AF0C52B0F24B40A386A5A3A91407719" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares patrizii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="50EB994154050739411C9F6086BBD464" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares cf. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(image from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.11622" author="Bird, MS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="51 - 84" refId="B25" refString="Bird, MS, Bilton, DT, Perissinotto, R, 2017. Diversity and distribution of polyphagan water beetles (Coleoptera) in the Lake St Lucia system, South Africa. ZooKeys 656: 51 - 84, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.11622" title="Diversity and distribution of polyphagan water beetles (Coleoptera) in the Lake St Lucia system, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.11622" volume="656" year="2017">Bird et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A35FC087CBD09B576A53960D2C35AEE9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.11622" author="Bird, MS" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="51 - 84" refId="B25" refString="Bird, MS, Bilton, DT, Perissinotto, R, 2017. Diversity and distribution of polyphagan water beetles (Coleoptera) in the Lake St Lucia system, South Africa. ZooKeys 656: 51 - 84, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.11622" title="Diversity and distribution of polyphagan water beetles (Coleoptera) in the Lake St Lucia system, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.11622" volume="656" year="2017">Bird et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5A3B00214F86214C56BAEB0346226BCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="72753057ABFB34602ED473A074CF519F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="43FA5151B001154B76B917915EC6612E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Among Old World acidocerines,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E44AA7C0CA7CC47318D31A4DC18B5C8D" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2F486DD4934CFB8D0E2EEB7F2FD0A8F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is unique in the presence of sutural stria. The Neotropical
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DEEDBC3BD8D4D692C054D001C7C5AAAE" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="19BA3993CB56F28D27BB2FF8E0B03600" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the most similar genus, as they both share this character (along with the more distantly related Neotropical genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="036A98F7DB36CDA28DD00C44690E1B0A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="45615CA1FF225179762D25D2BBC71A95" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). They can be differentiated by the number of antennomeres (eight in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5FDD3D95274D05F708599D2494D056FC" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1AA16C9891B62ED6F37C2A4F3E0ADA76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, nine in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="41F3F6FEA3EC6E4100ADC4622388C366" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="02A7A460B9CEDBF001970BE70A2688A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the form of the aedeagus (trilobed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B33E072452CAE4658439645048301266" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB3FA8B1B192EAC047D47D7791CD1218" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4D8927C30824EE2B7FB436BD652992BD" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
; divided and further modified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5815784372081431C7F328477D332075" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A754B0F25154E5BE4B8AA9B0CF27B006" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="722EEF1555CEB59989DF84FA7E51CB80" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The configuration of the aedeagus in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="43F86335C9431886873C72BDC3467FA3" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="904042E256D1D44FFD232264D1D0E315" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is quite unique in
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="543310B5B2555CC746DF7DFE15A06D11" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, especially because of the configuration of the median lobe and its inner membranes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="202B9EA0CF85C206054FE8EF80C407B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="29132C6195D22EF61FE1BC6B0102C7EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="46C5A3360221066046C58A5D3EF8B23B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="303DDF1A20BEDC67314308C07CBA889E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles (Aldabra), Sierra Leone, Somalia, Republic of South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Australasian</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D7B2E36ED33AE2732B8E4918497D69B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Australasian</emphasis>
|
||||
: Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland), Fiji (Vanua Levu, Viti Levu), New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indo-Malayan</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F6A349C1F9F0CA9025409E8C95C2C830" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indo-Malayan</emphasis>
|
||||
: Cambodia, China (Guangdong, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Yunnan), Indonesia (Borneo, Java, Papua, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palearctic</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="17CCCADE6C65E7E4E7DB80EB54A5070C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palearctic</emphasis>
|
||||
: Bosnia, Croatia, Greece, Israel, Italy, Japan, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5BD20CB3400C096A7C3566C850F1A042" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4B8ED8E87D404754FFE6DE3240EBEB23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A956C144CA94DEC66E1CE0C4D00C6E8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="58B30041C6B242CE29877CF74A172A9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="224A1550C176BCCB672673FFCF426C6F" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 55) reproduced the larval descriptions by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="500035CF44FD51A3F42B58AE7D5F8E5F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, who reared larvae from adults of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3024ABD531863AC0982A59803F90FDD8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB902C9E67D52476334C1103C6377D98" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="34CF969465DE08ABD2025174D6D87F4F" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="512EDAE1874D094D68F46EA0E9DCFF4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) in laboratory conditions. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ED0B24DEFA6ECCAD4A27EA54A14106B6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 223), females lay between 18 and 25 eggs, "located below the surface of damp soil, in a mossy hollow constructed by the adult; the hollow was always of the same size and shape and lined inside with loose silk. Eggs were deposited at right angles to base of nest, each covered by strands of fine silk attached to floor, walls and adjacent eggs". The larvae hatch in 5-7 days and are predaceous (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D12AAF9133CD0AFC250F44E8C8EB73F7" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 55). "The larvae would not pupate in damp tissue paper, but only in moss. [
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="…">...</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8465EFD08DFF9991BFACA97DD5FB3C35" originalValue="…">...</normalizedToken>
|
||||
]. The larvae pupated naked in the upper moss or in curled decaying leaves" (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="609B0E53672263680E0AE09FB6814853" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 223). Complete development lasted 24-33 days.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B112" refString="Fikacek, M, 2003. Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." title="Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." year="2003">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0EA9C7E4F3B55B7094C6D1F529F9A4AB" author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B112" refString="Fikacek, M, 2003. Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." title="Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." year="2003">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3DCD55C13D47648A496736A513F4C712" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(2003)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
provided a diagnosis, pointed out the incompleteness of the descriptions and drawings offered by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8F84F67A05D1599B5D8DAB3181D6FE5B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and commented on the unusualness of the habit of laying eggs on the ground by hydrophilid standards.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B02FA691B20832C2C5F323553CAF3CFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
As for the adults, ecological information is very scarce. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="78C99524DACAA35B9A90EF2C00ECE8F4" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. livornicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="livornicus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. livornicus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5DF30D08C9885DA972FE989FAB9D03DF" lsidName="C. livornicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="livornicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="39233A1A951E5E463BED6CFE1A9A0105" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. livornicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Kuwert) was collected in stagnant water with decaying plants and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. orbus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orbus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. orbus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F3396AA93A721CDD1A296954C5A4D07B" lsidName="C. orbus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orbus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F050D22E877E3948BF6090F4D075EB41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. orbus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Watanabe) was collected in a rice field. The recently described
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. parorbus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="parorbus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. parorbus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F93B7E9C2C8D829C1234B7501B6EAE95" lsidName="C. parorbus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="parorbus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7A64F2DA56D48B0713842E4F6E12F8B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. parorbus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Jia and Tang) was also recorded from stagnant waters (Jia and Tang 2018).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F99F4208E623D72D80549412DB308176" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AB6482A3EE45EF97326098D55B71FC41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3C6F887788B8F532E16FAF278742721" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The only species for which immature stages are known is
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B19171EB6B840625B8C970882FF730D8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF63B5D56F78C6F4E4B9C5D15F97A474" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[from Australia; immature stages were originally described as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="155E9F19DD3801C54B37B6FCA12C8287" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F0D45F45359E5FE3FCD2EF92EA4907C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AC1817695E4CAF26449AA1ADCA2C5A75" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
].
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1F01C3A44FB8EEF7EAB3EA726D60ACE8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">Anderson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described the breeding method he used, the eggs and egg case, first and third instar larvae and pupa, as well as the entire life cycle.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D4A5C25EE7A99854A6F5F19E706E7827" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 55) reproduced
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Anderson’s">Anderson's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E0BF3EC28A0373C56D6C5CC9943F38B6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" author="Anderson, JME" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="219 - 228" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, JME, 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Australian Journal of Entomology 15 (2): 219 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" title="Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1976.tb01696.x" volume="15" year="1976">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4836C7E28BDB9BB14743C0998DED97C0" originalValue="Anderson’s">Anderson's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1976)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
findings.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0CA5580D0C0D1531FD96C92F3B203E37" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F88BF36C4CA846711724D644B25785C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B804F5477D0E91DEF84DB74425D16B95" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8620416DA12C3140999F55AB05512CB6" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2A7F74B9C37DDA951708DC03EC84550B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was originally described as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11BD96984CAC565A2950E7DE06387375" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="855E57AA78F72A63F3AD0FD709173336" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Kuwert (1890: 38). In 1904, Ganglbauer established
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ganglbauer" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crepidelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crepidelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crepidelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8DF522997E2CBE7F8E3A9FABF1943097" authorityName="Ganglbauer" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crepidelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crepidelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED8379A7519E2E61FE7DCA4389D574C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crepidelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
without justification or explanation. Later,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1C7B69B70F658FB499A1086B3C4971CE" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4DB25B9811A432CA01A3226E7227149C" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1919c
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 148) synonymized
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C222B31BC5216D7F6D9F422FEAA9D6B9" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C0DBE2B785062AF5304C59F39DA5980D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E6659A64A77018307426A7178C326AAF" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2AAAAA05703EB42BF31ABBC91F6EFF0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
keeping
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E96F408B2E965E9E9BE3104BF56E7972" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F4469D0CCA4B6CEA403DC0E1CC0A225" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E9B25D7C7DB12AB2530BAE8BD8940163" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B21421D0CB73E7402112CB5507FBCCE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In 1986,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="86B81C75987EF0BD63A4F18AABBAB2A6" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
reinstated
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1586A6FBFB02D44245D0DE1A662F5A19" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1B301558AB3528C746CA8B2135ADC77E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a genus, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="015D49990B6392B7A770BE7C194D1D85" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="92CA9BD29CEF4107AD5412A6E06BDDB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a junior synonym. Subsequent authors alternately either treated
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9685859C698667D4896142E80200ADC3" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E4B542B17D673874FCB44A02B9EB9B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a subgenus or junior synonym.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D0A9AC0A9E237C5D628E36EB0A112CA8" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
removed
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A206262BB6EE621E4CC6315E4821455" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="78E55E8AA6468E7BEE6835EDE9CF8150" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from synonymy with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="718200A50C08421312EC00C9C3DC4E74" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E83C151A8FA283829182C80DA1F8DE8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and established it as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="44CD9515A205829C5EFD3A9FA6A1A28F" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DFB9A4C3C40941D6BADB963F97B126B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, discussing morphological features in support of this view, which he maintained in subsequent works (Hebauer 1995). However,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8D0AB7379822468AF74CA2AC6EC93FDB" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="62D48AE41CFC0B2A9E65F00F7489912C" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Hansen, M, 1999b. World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup" title="World catalogue of insects (Volume 2). Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) (Coleoptera)." year="1999 b">1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) viewed the differences in antennomeres and the aedeagal complexity as "rather subtle" and maintained the two names as synonymous without subgeneric division. The phylogenetic analysis by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BDA6CD4946B9475D7FB1E9FF7FC7B6D7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, together with the morphological evidence offered by Hebauer, resulted in the recognition of the generic status of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD91A333BE9D618433ECD910079F6BB8" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2633716EAD31649919097F0BDF501458" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ABBB271C26BC5B619288E56B672F7DD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21579B783333C4A8DB931D2591A24E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="556964B9186B218D0C429F41006A40FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are 29 species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Chephelochares" lsidName="Chephelochares" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="65283670DEEDDF159249DE01581FDDE1" genus="Chephelochares" lsidName="Chephelochares" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="431A62B55626863BFEC7316E8CD1491C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described to date; some of the older species have long lists of synonyms. The most comprehensive treatment for the genus was by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B66C956F34BD6A58470991874474ECF" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; the genus was then considered as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1B350F64D6021A7C03799B39FCD2DA3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2357418FD1A7599FA2914C9EB2A70CD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares abnormalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares abnormalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="49A387F66338BA5ED1C472A1FCE107D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="50723A466180B26C769544FD854D5F4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4852DA8BEFAC75EB87B56B448ED02DC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0F8E57C0D93FD34A6ADF4A97A45A3246" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares abnormalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0A0E4FDF52963882056F77EC9FC0A6DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares abnormalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Sharp),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. africanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="africanus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. africanus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5CE47BE98B4BD55ED0D3E1DBB8422506" lsidName="C. africanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="africanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F16CEA3FFEBAB31D1F9E0D3D5CD0A6A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. africanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3C15134B552B491EEA4A45A38200F655" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. balkei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="balkei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. balkei</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B5B344972CFA7F6291480FF2FD8A5196" lsidName="C. balkei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="balkei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B249FA35D3EF00180E77F65D3B5B9943" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. balkei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Short)*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. irianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irianus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. irianus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CF5F04B57972F558019BFC7AC5729B2C" lsidName="C. irianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="irianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F6DF6F9DACD3DC61EF1542CB5F8390B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. irianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer)*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. livornicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="livornicus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. livornicus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="66A2FCCC0E2D97E633039DA96380FAB8" lsidName="C. livornicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="livornicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CE9EE8B3C0F9F28C387C2D07D3EDDADB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. livornicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Kuwert),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mauritiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mauritiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mauritiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3E8EBAE316CFD8C29FB1FBC5846DEFF3" lsidName="C. mauritiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mauritiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A1634F1964B1A60DCFE1E3079BE42FD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mauritiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Balfour-Browne),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. molinai" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="molinai">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. molinai</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C88F6F5549F78C1A10F3B99CE61A3F64" lsidName="C. molinai" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="molinai">
|
||||
<emphasis id="96C45D049166574FF3254F37C795B441" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. molinai</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer)*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. nitescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F56FB6ABB71236FF3E556201F0827D6B" lsidName="C. nitescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D60B09116D454FECEE6C01D038814B30" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fauvel),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. orbus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orbus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. orbus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AF545875E52ADACEA5C4FA46AFA9E64F" lsidName="C. orbus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orbus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="628A733317D1D43609D92771AD9E876B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. orbus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Watanabe),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. paramollis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paramollis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. paramollis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CC77B29C2BCBD9C1CB059B2AE920342" lsidName="C. paramollis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paramollis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A85B1F54F9713063E073935B3A0A212B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. paramollis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer)*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. patrizii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CCB3CCF7E687AF9C9A2EC60033319C71" lsidName="C. patrizii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="922284EB4400A2B9D0036EABFCBE18E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Balfour-Browne),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. punctulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B6421A5A15F4D90BA1954D65B577807" lsidName="C. punctulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7CE73972464A2B301FA0C939942071A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Short)*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ruandanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ruandanus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ruandanus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A091056D60FFC02B793392409AAC663E" lsidName="C. ruandanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ruandanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B65BCCBA251C05328D4F6393F15A1915" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ruandanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Balfour-Browne),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rubellus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rubellus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rubellus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7657C4D1E3DC7880AA4CEC2A199B1A65" lsidName="C. rubellus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rubellus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8097121041D67DA03166ABB79FBD3AC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rubellus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer)*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rusticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rusticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A93D6977BDF4696CA45E62DA754850EB" lsidName="C. rusticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F8E1494F2BFBFC2029EDA1CCB3C2ED74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rusticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CB29D75F244E8754379859FF3F4AB890" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rutiloides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rutiloides">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rutiloides</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C1382C06AEA43DFBA9B3FE69607FC26A" lsidName="C. rutiloides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rutiloides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="83ECB4B7404768B39BC0EF9D2E174BA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rutiloides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2DF3D791000A0D9623A090172A6D2086" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rutilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rutilus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rutilus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3A9DAFA47780CDA8804893FA5A863AD" lsidName="C. rutilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rutilus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C47FE0B9AD593B651ACD392DBE70B9D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. rutilus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C7CB0E5647246C95BF90C1BEA23C9A45" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. szeli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="szeli">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. szeli</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E65B68663FB08BBF1A00F8B09B772C0" lsidName="C. szeli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="szeli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="703D86854B417176C8F24EEF423BC43C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. szeli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer)*. For species marked with an asterisk, paratypes were available.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AD60C3AAA41A5F858DE30503844EA9A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2BB04167F28DADBF0F87A3BD9020D0F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="39BEFBD9362F3844235C06F62FE854A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F3058F5FDC4009FEE43F9DC1CE4D8FA4" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: diagnosis, key to species, diagnoses, descriptions for 22 species, and genitalia drawings for 19 of them; Hebauer 1995: one new species from Namibia;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Watts, CHS" journalOrPublisher="Records of the South Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 130" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46866161" refId="B288" refString="Watts, CHS, 1995. Revision of the Australasian genera Agraphydrus Regimbart, Chasmogenus Sharp and Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Records of the South Australian Museum 28: 113 - 130, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46866161" title="Revision of the Australasian genera Agraphydrus Regimbart, Chasmogenus Sharp and Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46866161" volume="28" year="1995">Watts 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="797D26B2AD94E0B8E8082F6DBD9F132D" author="Watts, CHS" journalOrPublisher="Records of the South Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 130" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46866161" refId="B288" refString="Watts, CHS, 1995. Revision of the Australasian genera Agraphydrus Regimbart, Chasmogenus Sharp and Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Records of the South Australian Museum 28: 113 - 130, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46866161" title="Revision of the Australasian genera Agraphydrus Regimbart, Chasmogenus Sharp and Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46866161" volume="28" year="1995">Watts 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: revision of the Australian species of the genus;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B262" refString="Short, AEZ, 2010. Hydrophilidae: Review of the subtribe Acidocerina of the Southwest Pacific islands (Coleoptera). In: Jaech MA, Balke M (Eds) Water Beetles of New Caledonia, part 1, Wien, 297-318." title="Hydrophilidae: Review of the subtribe Acidocerina of the Southwest Pacific islands (Coleoptera). In: Jaech MA, Balke M (Eds) Water Beetles of New Caledonia, part 1, Wien, 297 - 318." year="2010">Short 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4486C08E32EBE5CC92E8039FCA29F3" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B262" refString="Short, AEZ, 2010. Hydrophilidae: Review of the subtribe Acidocerina of the Southwest Pacific islands (Coleoptera). In: Jaech MA, Balke M (Eds) Water Beetles of New Caledonia, part 1, Wien, 297-318." title="Hydrophilidae: Review of the subtribe Acidocerina of the Southwest Pacific islands (Coleoptera). In: Jaech MA, Balke M (Eds) Water Beetles of New Caledonia, part 1, Wien, 297 - 318." year="2010">Short 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: revision of the species from the Southwest Pacific islands, describing two new species from Fiji and newly recording
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. nitescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E8BD950643E24124B972423E1D998A1C" lsidName="C. nitescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="70EDC6CF02E9276B5F418877282CE19F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fauvel) for New Caledonia;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.2.12" author="Devi, MB" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="296 - 300" refId="B90" refString="Devi, MB, Devi, OS, Fikacek, M, Minoshima, Y, Wanghengbam, L, 2016. Redescription and lectotype designation of Chasmogenus abnormalis (Sharp), with notes on its distribution. Zootaxa 4144 (2): 296 - 300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.2.12" title="Redescription and lectotype designation of Chasmogenus abnormalis (Sharp), with notes on its distribution." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.2.12" volume="4144" year="2016">Devi et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="28B5C7832092F33A76837B6F208DEF18" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.2.12" author="Devi, MB" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="296 - 300" refId="B90" refString="Devi, MB, Devi, OS, Fikacek, M, Minoshima, Y, Wanghengbam, L, 2016. Redescription and lectotype designation of Chasmogenus abnormalis (Sharp), with notes on its distribution. Zootaxa 4144 (2): 296 - 300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.2.12" title="Redescription and lectotype designation of Chasmogenus abnormalis (Sharp), with notes on its distribution." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.2.12" volume="4144" year="2016">Devi et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: redescription and lectotype designation for
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. abnormalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. abnormalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9159EBFAF3984FCC5B721D2A6B86B4A1" lsidName="C. abnormalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0E920D742258A862D9F5F9C0FFA8091" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. abnormalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Sharp) with a discussion on its distribution and morphological variation;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E1DE4B5FA92F3CA5E9FC7CA18622B38E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: generic status and phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959272" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E1EF8D87ED362D57EC42B6336468F3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E1EF8D87ED362D57EC42B6336468F3A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="6E1EF8D87ED362D57EC42B6336468F3A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959272" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E1EF8D87ED362D57EC42B6336468F3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E1EF8D87ED362D57EC42B6336468F3A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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<subSubSection id="3403C60DB2DD54C7B4CB77829FAD6B21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="509793FFACEF01596CDD33F0FAC7A2CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Short & Garcia, 2014" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="5B9DD909263CB3CC5EDDFA6ADDA09D1A" ID-CoL="8XPKV" authority="Short & Garcia, 2014" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||||
Radicitus Short &
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="303009DD37D7E5AE807AE0726B12BB90" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2014
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1K</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49G-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 50</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="51B78D90978E2A4BA092446FDEF98E4E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1K</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FF74C4B8BD455E1D2C3A0E8BF9476697" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4403CDC21931E9B2821DDDBE74D318F4" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E6C4675574C61FD6E0B10DFB4B222468" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49G-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4F2092989923126E8D3A4B7532FCBC57" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 50</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Radicitus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1113721FAFBD8186828F074B1B24D124" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EF76733AE2DB57DEF425F3C0ABA5AC94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C1A7C943D689D71DED4F2F3C1D72FC96" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Radicitus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short &
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="19AA0101235DADA828F749F07D2006BA" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2014: 252.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7E79C9BFFFF7CEEACEEDEC143324B487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E3C8CD3673731868B542F0ED73A0C77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B74F99E17F8E2B512C8FC2D58314E9F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & M.Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus ayacucho" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1CE41404F26AACD7D747EBF335CBA0D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A779C992E9258268A8173D86982BC76D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0F03B51A5EEAB9381BEDF03BCFEE595" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F61AB58F113F4FDD8489D709CD88373" authorityName="Short & M.Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus ayacucho" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6334DF7662BD688B87913791EE32ADB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short &
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8B9676CF8014DC0099D75AD96B24BBCD" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2014: 252; by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="14BE9AA10FAF7EFE8164EB07DB0F85BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="79E9BF3541BF78678538AFF7FF9C826F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF130C99462CCC070E3C7A9A106A2442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Medium sized beetles, body length 4.5-6.2 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view; moderate to strongly convex in lateral view; dorsal outline nearly straight and anteriorly inclined along anterior half (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="202A15FA6689A466B73ABE23A30CB98D" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Color dark brown, usually uniform along body regions, sometimes margins of pronotum and elytra slightly paler; ground punctation fine, moderately marked (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FA45E2336A7DF365D029E91AF2FD79B6" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Shape of head trapezoid and rather wide. Eyes moderate in size, not emarginated anteriorly, slightly projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly, roundly, and weakly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum medially rather broadly depressed, laterally longitudinally elevated; median anterior depression marked by transverse nearly straight carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1D48177A718EB9198EC9C46BCC32C1DE" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres; cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps short and stout, nearly as long as half width of head (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DD5E87A6D26CBCF9FA03651A454279FB" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin strongly curved along apical 2/3; maxillary palpomere 4 slightly shorter than 3. Prosternum flat, only slightly carinate along midline of anterior projection. Elytra without sutural striae; elytral punctures shallow to moderately marked; ground punctures rather uniformly distributed; some species with serial punctures clearly visible along posterior third of elytra; outer margins of elytra slightly flared (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D0D67C6974F4595CE2C76B83819616DF" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with median longitudinal carina elevated and forming posteriorly pointing process; anapleural sutures strongly concave, separated at anterior margin by distance nearly half width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite sometimes with posteromesal glabrous patch. Protibiae with anterior row of spines completely reduced; apical spurs of protibiae stout, reaching apex of protarsomere 3. Metafemora with tibial grooves very sharply marked and covered by hydrofuge pubescence; hydrofuge pubescence restricted to dorsal half on basal three-quarters of anterior surface of metafemora (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F514F40CB4934C6C2F37F069904FF505" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tarsomeres 1-4 with long spiniform setae on ventral face; metatarsomere 2 nearly as long as 5 and as 3 and 4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite evenly rounded, without apical emargination or fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus either trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49I-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CBA2B88F38D1FCE8B7538D57A0D5B727" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49I-L</figureCitation>
|
||||
) or divided (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49G, H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3EA7DC4F5A114479F47362F63246EADF" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Aedeagi of Quadriops, Radicitus and Sindolus spp. A Q. clusia B Q. depressus C Q. reticulatus D Q. similaris E S. sp. (Venezuela) F. S. sp. (Venezuela) G, H R. ayacucho: G dorsal view H lateral view I, J R. cf. granitum (Suriname): I dorsal view J lateral view K, L R. surinamensis: K dorsal view L lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49G, H</figureCitation>
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), with basal piece short and rather simple parameres separated from each other for most of their lengths; gonopore well developed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 50" startId="F50">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 50.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="9668BAEF66837D19EA3B3BD423462DEA" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 50" startId="F50">
|
||||
<paragraph id="023DB07898E79C6ECF4BDD68972F74F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="03B98A84FD18DB28E0328DAA9D19A749" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 50.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8578184225ACF2DCC97B3D073DD7D0FD" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EAD8898F4F3FF1B31261ED4719DD4848" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. ayacucho" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D52E9527C44AE7547030BC6C3417122F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0200B78E9AC7C6452008776EE49079AC" lsidName="R. ayacucho" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA31B76BC1D6B22D1C8B30F8A9A9E152" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A8CDD155F3CDA4AE993CB4C441FA5A63" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B770FB69B08EEACDFF7FE8BF130D8DDB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A7761F0967F5B4352AD5DE42DA02AAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. granitum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="granitum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. granitum</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="AF9F8E015E0A8F18D0F9DF5414807D20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="48475AC015B48249E72B2C682E66A865" lsidName="R. granitum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="granitum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1322557B7E7BA92E4EED8429DE4111B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. granitum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB84592C88EF2DBABFE45F6A1E8090E5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0DAA4BFB5DE0BC6636F7925F7ECC38F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A04874482D4CD80401D47B3C00F226FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0232F3569F6BBB5795AC693453EAD139" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="98A342278F40B8621EDC7080F1BF8B74" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="74260F94A13EF3D85650B95CF63509B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6373AAA5CDECBB243916547C12552A47" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="73569B5033B6261A4380769E83202551" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may resemble some punctate
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CB04B186E0E73FB525809EC0248F852C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E172CFB54D10A881F406CE123815724B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but can be recognized by the short and stout maxillary palps, along with metafemora only partly covered by pubescence (long and slender maxillary palps with metafemora mostly covered by pubescence in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A32F94D0A540D698DF32EF68620CB76F" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7D1B870CBE8D6CCEEB6CDA2FE1A6487" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="387FEFB58247297DD1D26C457DB7C095" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4DB40DB793761DF06EF621156C5C2479" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="66AE8F3876F32ADAF91337B6159717D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6EC1091792C8B9FA0AE4F579BF8E574" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="851A2BC4494F4BCAEA5DBF034E581FA5" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8C02BDF1FEF310C83433C62093CEFAB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B9B135BC7C1B93AEBFF3EAFC42C605DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1A904236D42ABD1E19EC7EA2C2E7ECDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13E8DC71B46D9924C3DFC10DEE389D6E" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7475D3152095B0C80EAC2A6ADDB7BCD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been found on a variety of habitats associated with streams and seeps on rock outcrops. Some have been collected by submerging root mats found along streams, and in the roots of vegetation growing on seepage areas on granite outcrops (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="251 - 262" refId="B268" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2014. A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251 - 262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" title="A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" volume="3835" year="2014">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="28A959590E66CE56B6E3644869E682CA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="251 - 262" refId="B268" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2014. A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251 - 262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" title="A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" volume="3835" year="2014">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0208536CAEEBF3F396BD9474A54C3CA3" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4513A081261EDC01D6AFA79566FC9DFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5EFF7E1C3FE3754EFCA6A6B9781774E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EAF94D63D4FA9704CF548B215A4CECFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The immature stages of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A72C6DC1AC0B1C72B7F7B6BAC2FAB9F2" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A486FFFC402B6ED977AB0D223643C066" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4BC2C5FA6AB4872D658E76595BD74BAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DD867016939290F7406EC4767E862423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CCF26B8377A793399814BEE346647FFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="819609CD560FE48988FA28B2E1D1B1CD" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="094AE5808D7B4332B13BED99A33B8429" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was only recently described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3CC6E86F179D73B37FAD2A9A100CC0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC5AF504EB436531E64A7C470CE8EE25" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="42C2DA1FF9871E52D7547AE1A88D1E45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are three known species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="969DD1B5C65BB5D3F86459EB3DD8C7F3" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DBB7E08AA09A706C1EAB65A0E5B64DB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, all currently endemic to the Guiana Shield.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="251 - 262" refId="B268" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2014. A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251 - 262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" title="A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" volume="3835" year="2014">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E7906F487ED4ED6B59AB8DA15017CF77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ABFF385922DB14CC7FFC827157601172" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B9076D41798690777730208EA46939D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8D98D77BC837D939D768B90B9C5B0FA5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="251 - 262" refId="B268" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2014. A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251 - 262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" title="A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" volume="3835" year="2014">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3CED0A80AC7151A58D20D59FA801A072" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and all known species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2A086A561177708A3E48FAEB6DECB807" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,542 +1,542 @@
|
|||
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/9E46D713-DA7C-46B6-B407-E99C490CFD32" authority="Girón & Short" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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Novochares
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& Short
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 42</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 43</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FC6AE7A462360A13E2687483681BE1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="A17DB8D049827C64494D5B71549722B9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="77B0320361AA3F9BF62694D716AF01F3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F4B3C3A821CB411254C5327FC2FFD278" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="047C0CADC86E38B253ED916B57117691" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 42</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="73BE58E8EFAC687BB47A133FD2C1AA32" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 43</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Helochares</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="21E1A9136071F573E0744F55A151E671" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="BF76668B7A71DB22BD13120D2FDFD835" authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Helochares</taxonomicName>
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||||
"Clade D",
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2703AB3EB1A8F086E7002841238F4EBB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7CC7DA35DF3061038D29BBE6A5365541" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph id="D9323F92A1FEF289DEF731C41DDEBB82" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B28B56565F1849FB9014DA569FDA28C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares tectiformis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tectiformis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares tectiformis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6FB869682737404414F095947801C38B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F98FB0B35F9C3DD52BE8583FC1A0859E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AD8388168872B480865C93DD3041D833" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B0B72CCFFACDAC02D61ACBFA267C54E8" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares tectiformis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tectiformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9167620E2525CAECC8A8163A4FAA7A19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares tectiformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CB6CB20BC99B4BB2F7740DEA74A5DCCA" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1982b; by present designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EF410B6DE6BE1F7385DF6ABA817E19B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0605692C558A6EC69C79303B81612684" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2BA341B3DA9F1117E08871ECAC73F210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
From the Latin word
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">novus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6764CB67AB1587C9AE0334456623F9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">novus</emphasis>
|
||||
, meaning new, in reference to the genus being restricted to the New World, combined with the ending
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">chares</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BD4EB4905C297F8F7DE74E9C577E4118" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">chares</emphasis>
|
||||
, expressing affinity with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B07E2466F2AADE7664D4932EAA4602EC" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E6FE372FF0289E1F34C09B02AD2B5A68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Masculine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="777A93B8CAC46C8BB6C8BFB2FFFC56A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="161FB619FD8B364EB037FA1C622775BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="195E7D8DCBEC9CCB873F8409CA5519F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Medium sized beetles, body length 4.5-9.0 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view; slightly to moderately convex in lateral view, with dorsal outline nearly flat along anterior half of elytra, or somewhat evenly curved (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2C8956B72EAD100735D0D154E33D4513" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Coloration usually uniformly dark brown, sometimes orange or pale brown; ground punctation shallow to moderately marked (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E789B7B34F2D41897FF3171F6605F20B" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Shape of head trapezoid. Eyes relatively large, not emarginated anteriorly, usually projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly and roundly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with lateral longitudinal crenulations, lateral oblique ridges, and transverse crenulations along antero-medial area (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="99C54259C653836FE7A216AD6F1FF29F" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres; cupule strongly asymmetric, with rounded outline; antennomere 9 slightly to 2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B3FD43C8C092EC7B44A8445EDD0B54DF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than antennomere 7. Maxillary palps slender, moderately long, 1.1-1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B49B198DFC7920BE4DD6C03F7EF06961" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 weakly and evenly curved to nearly straight, outer margin evenly curved or curved along apical half; maxillary palpomere 3 slightly longer than 4 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AAB29DCD5032DE6E52FF103849C57683" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Prosternum flat to weakly convex. Elytra without sutural striae, with ground punctures usually shallowly marked; usually at least one row of systematic punctures visible along midline of each elytron; serial punctures sometimes visible along posterior half of elytra (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3C251022952804268F255A4A4DE50E5A" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite, usually simply bulging, sometimes bulge impressed posteriorly, sometimes bulge extends anteriorly as low, shiny, and glabrous longitudinal ridge; anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance 0.6-0.9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DA39493922B7EE4566BE065272D0217D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite with medial glabrous patch, sometimes very narrow and extending along entire length of metaventrite (e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="789962373194C6733BE66F5238D373BE" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Habitus of Novochares spp. A-C N. sallaei: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F N. sp. (Peru): D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row extremely reduced to tiny appressed denticles. Metafemora with tibial grooves well developed; hydrofuge pubescence covering basal 6/7 of anterior surface. Tarsomeres 1-4 with long, thick, and rather dense setae on ventral face, sometimes with only rows of short spines on metatarsomeres 2-4; metatarsomere 2 as long or slightly longer than 5 and as 3 and 4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically emarginate, with fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus divided (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3DEE0122757067A61720006E7D147ED5" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
); parameres separated from each other for most of their lengths; median lobe divided in dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate usually strongly sclerotized and elongated, often bifurcated or otherwise shaped along apical region; ventral plate sometimes reduced, usually simple and of variable length; basal piece 0.3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E5D699C06B908EAFE2E6DB8F6862A147" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
or less than length of parameres, usually clearly noticeable; gonopore usually clearly visible.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 42" startId="F42">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 42.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="2FE3E459A720868908ED30E370496DAD" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 42" startId="F42">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A366A1C26D65EAD01082C19E6203794A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="73A2973DCB0B7FDCA2CD8F0494442987" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 42.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9DE08BD8F357DCE574987DC4F1B7FF86" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1EFA410A95B0FE4513109DE693E867AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. sallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sallaei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. sallaei</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A4FB61577BDE3BF4FE21D92ACA438011" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9A065320C29D3E8E088F685086B10AF4" lsidName="N. sallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sallaei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BD742F9DC0561BFC95F0E1A0E015B2B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. sallaei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1AC963FEFCA82BFC273F246B395F639B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="303F672FCC5AA1044B5A8A8048E236DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="346479AE440F90367BDC4B8A48315942" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2CD38D3C05B35D52C35948D8BBB0E0A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5F14BE7E5082EA241B612491EA836EE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N.</emphasis>
|
||||
sp. (Peru):
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D7328F96317B23C0BB0BFA346477A28" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C63382A957E729C899145435B0B21C0A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C6372615A3A19244D72F75D0C57D232" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 43" startId="F43">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 43.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="D80ED8A55C8F4F5C7B2D66959FDFB654" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 43" startId="F43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="87DA1D3601EC7A2D2C822A1139EDD9BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9BDA4841AAC3083259A644CE9E0C04F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 43.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9FCF659F09A35BD12C74CFDA336586C2" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1E6A6F0320C6498D52A8E546DBE3F1A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="195E68CBB407C8D2A8BFE7C0B9A91732" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3DAE6F069F7DC5677C834177DB4CF413" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N.</emphasis>
|
||||
sp. (Ecuador)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. abbreviatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FF96633036B6BBF84F92F20332C52FD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9C72EFC5BD8DE9A2DAE3F59DF2C002F7" lsidName="N. abbreviatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBD02474E09AE72B9E61A2EB7F5D29CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. pallipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C795FA3451003B06E058B0A88CAF6A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A9CC0AA45FF2B20E36D4CC010BBC063" lsidName="N. pallipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3ABDA3F180B6D5EBCE57EAD99A8212C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. chaquensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chaquensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. chaquensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C91B6A6DB47B8FEAE47E427F814D85A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="212F95E08A048E833E4143D918735BB7" lsidName="N. chaquensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chaquensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CFEBDD0FBB08D7BE8B9DE414BE2FF127" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. chaquensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. atratus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. atratus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E5C6A011105BFC1BAEF56F1ACE4092C1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="341FA8961CD0C4FFB1BF5F2428751E87" lsidName="N. atratus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FFE35975B5F0A1E66165B198359F06A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. atratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. pichilingue" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pichilingue">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pichilingue</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C32DF256E3E8C0A18684698891485FFD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2DC0538CF8BE95D9A4DB2EC0C860505D" lsidName="N. pichilingue" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pichilingue">
|
||||
<emphasis id="898B5EA023AF90335C16C8B3CC5B1CBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pichilingue</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. tectiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tectiformis">N. cf. tectiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. coya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coya">N. cf. coya</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. guadelupensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guadelupensis">N. cf. guadelupensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. cochlearis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlearis">N. cf. cochlearis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8953B7ADF31336169CDE3DC79C106D70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B327DA4F0936F275E27DE20FF46D120E" lsidName="N. tectiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tectiformis">N. cf. tectiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="790BFEFD4BA5209446F9EF8028E1ED03" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5442EC3CF4C7FDCC03B4BB39948BCB33" lsidName="N. coya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coya">N. cf. coya</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9632F4E92B441337DCB31D79E8C4AC63" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="73E52A7BCC629C75BCAC0920FADF8988" lsidName="N. guadelupensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guadelupensis">N. cf. guadelupensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="66F388DC1F3CDF88556785A4F0BE00F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="48A487058C2061F7029D1929651C2A10" lsidName="N. cochlearis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlearis">N. cf. cochlearis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6AB5E974134EEFAD93A8A87B23E960C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="36750E4F64E3BCD4D1D2C3DDEAFB95B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6DA75B27F816ED76CF7014FC94DA1817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0BCF524185A4DD97E16E84D6F5C8E3EC" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD4E69AF843DD2A9D35849EB50BD472E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
includes medium sized, pale to dark brown species that are somewhat dorsoventrally compressed and highly polished (smooth, and often shiny) to the naked eye. In the New World the most similar genus is
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F962DB58605961902AF5CA2FC6B7EBD4" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DC4E8FFBAC141A201A8781585C63BB62" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, from which it can be differentiated by the shape of the head [trapezoid in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D35F94DEEFFFD41DF1E8887F39F54F6D" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA92C69454D9C0B3B3EDB3CA81B99A8C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, subquadrate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B6E81E20BC97E9DDCE5E9B896A7FE9C6" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F53885F4F53DC11804739CC71AEA6988" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="63B828D074EF4BEC466D7AEB2733C3C3" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
)], and the sculpture of the mentum (variously striate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1C9464D5E33B602392C512CB5C402652" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FCB4674F7EE0E422070902D43988CD33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, punctate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A69656A3E3117E14924E5CCD1ED364C5" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4D4FC71428C69B895BBAB99205713CF2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Some members of the New World
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E94156F2D62AB55E895E7E6A05DA52C4" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="776EACBE0C0793B19454ED9A9C2F5754" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may resemble
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="61B4E219215AA03DA5F39588471633C8" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E74F1420E0E57D710A782E75C1581C6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in their external features, but the aedeagal form is completely different (tubular in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F77CC637457792A4DB4E8FA745F6341F" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7425997BCED5080B5E4C3AB5C4266CE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A6EA7D235189D53C991F57199E2D835E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8253A498E721ABC805C2B3EACD447FA3" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37</figureCitation>
|
||||
; divided in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A4310FA3E4C5CF252AD9983DE7934AB1" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EEC3F5B2312CE19DFCF5F464D18536F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F4E9AF945A10D1AE3CA4858B541C97C3" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="80CDE097C9CF026771753CCF9A01C9D6" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2CF6389FFCBBE5FB0CBCA70790B03A4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
From the rest of acidocerines,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FF60A387F98879FED3EE238A1FB4AE20" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7027166BEB65F7FD80606D8C8181BAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
externally is strikingly similar to the dark and highly polished members of the Old World genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="832F0F6D6E636DA4EC668D778840C366" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A394238D2CFD553E81E3137E0D981674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(compare Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="529A3454FDD08E15A985AA0AF257D83E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1B</figureCitation>
|
||||
vs 1G), from which
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="09746BA301C2FA04D1ADA63EDE3446AA" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6AC306BF61CB5ECEC76CBA2DF104E910" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished by the shape of the posterior elevation of the mesoventrite (simply and broadly bulging, often with additional anterior low longitudinal ridge in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1355EC58D8E1ABA6081C423368AB0E89" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="033F171BE0BB8393E0A881143B64CA25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, longitudinally elevated in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81F0F66096D31267B7920CB7992A3C7E" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB73D8F53B921A033F51D7E10F354DDF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), in addition to characteristics of the male genitalia (divided aedeagus in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A6B357AE27351D37FEF01B16501C7A3" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C0AE8E14D65F1C8E7313BD6E4055D5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D0611D5F674CA513BD29307160163A77" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="81B4ADB6AB893EB1EF74BA3A75F5E3C1" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
), spiked aedeagus in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9EA3D3DD4899D2900647B9CC84C3AC7" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F602F39FA37612B86E894EB6DEE1937" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="92ACCE89A54130303B6FD361EC3BF02C" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Aedeagi of Peltochares spp. A P. conspicuus B P. foveicollis C P. sp. (Australia) D P. sp. (Tanzania;). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557444" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">45</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3E23D3F56C741A2293BF748E80584974" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Aedeagi of Peltochares spp. A P. conspicuus B P. foveicollis C P. sp. (Australia) D P. sp. (Tanzania;). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557444" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">45</figureCitation>
|
||||
); see also explanation under the aedeagus section of Morphological variation in
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B2CEA5EF3709B89F34AB99CEE3A74F0" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and its taxonomic importance).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6D7ED29D7F83089D85099FE2B6D41956" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
To differentiate
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="43F11440333CD279B5B5F6243F69F78F" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="734875373D8E33668FDCA874FAF56A05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from dark brown, relatively flattened, highly polished, and 4-5 mm long species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B024C123FD8CFDA788A8E9C7B0CDF96B" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4FA0CDA5A01F7040DF48D514BEF61011" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the most reliable feature for identification would be the male genitalia:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B434B45DEF492C776F3D893E0FC25F1A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B6E2E14A24ABDB60B8D52D458D71E3C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
always exhibit divided aedeagi (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3FFBCECC5E0D920AB271AB9E1A4930D5" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16G, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9C41FC9211CE1EF743DA7129C4D5D64B" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A N. sp. (Ecuador) B N. abbreviatus C N. pallipes D N. chaquensis E N. atratus F N. pichilingue G N. cf. tectiformis H N. cf. coya I N. cf. guadelupensis J N. cf. cochlearis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
|
||||
; parameres separated from each other for most of their lengths, dorsal plate of the median lobe usually strongly sclerotized, elongated, often bifurcated or otherwise shaped along its apical region), whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="652A28B720729555C5E11DCF8E7FE62A" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ABCB06216A32B3E33DDF9CDABFFDD7DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the aedeagi are always tubular (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="ABC108611D9B54F75203332859094BC5" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A-H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3D244B8B66961F91A2ED48CB9CB72C44" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A-H</figureCitation>
|
||||
; parameres fused to each other for most of their lengths, median lobe with very long basal apodemes; see also explanation under the aedeagus section of Morphological variation in
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11DCB561C2FB3CDE426DAFBCBB760917" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and its taxonomic importance).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nearctic</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9ADE5AE5CDBA516432899E7B51AC626B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4EF0EA0A0753F924C8D751951507357B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C658B36DEC4E1F6CAF2C8978ACC20514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A2D47AD61A1A8BD7B1248E08A8C41F03" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nearctic</emphasis>
|
||||
: U.S.A. (Florida; thought to be introduced).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C542369B0188858087A045B228CB7F53" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="64E63EA7D443ACD22B2988697CDDF6CD" originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Santo, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0BE9BD44864C4F967A3E5E9BD0516F69" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Rio de Janeiro,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0F43D498A4A5E7997A48CDF605FD974A" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Paulo), Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Lesser Antilles (Grenada, Guadeloupe, St. Vincent), Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9A96CC7D61F36600C9975F9CE6B667C0" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BADE93D495F147E8C09E84ED1127BE6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C03D57EF1C4DF8192557DFA2FC7F27F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A4056B0906614B36A1DDAADBC588805" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7179D2488EF7DCB6D9142132885F238B" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="27F160CDD5452F73E499FC590BF5F32A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occur in a broad range of both lentic and lotic habitats; we are not aware of any seepage specialists in this lineage. Some species such as the widespread
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. abbreviatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D2136A8810EC27DF4D9BB4996A0F1173" lsidName="N. abbreviatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B360B052790FA67A06166B99E097A903" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fabricius) are found in lentic habitats including marshes, swamps, and pond margins (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F3D7E91121E7754A3083A4E51392294F" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Forest pools with abundant leaf litter detritus are often very productive for a variety of species.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares atlanticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E93B49D71737ADCA7D315447B5D11831" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares atlanticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="550C2A794DF26CE3148EDFB2C11700C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Clarkson and Ferreira-Jr.) was collected at temporary ponds with leaf litter and aquatic vegetation, either covered and shaded in the border of the forest (Clarkson and Ferreira-Jr. 2014), or in open areas. Some species come to lights.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="64A25B4538590689A67B8BC15C9E2B77" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F47FC1DF382978525FD5A9E9A7DE7C8D" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1983)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in describing the immature stages of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. pallipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="470730A7C6BBBBE9D9E1A3920CE94E2E" lsidName="N. pallipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5F97239B6BC4D50321BEE7766FEE1D3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9C99A52B444780A388FDFEBB79E5EE6A" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), indicated that the species was found on coastal zones, associated with swamp plants (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Spirodela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirodela intermedia" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spirodela intermedia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E4E4A51FE89E6A7F00D16B448ADB1C3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Spirodela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirodela intermedia" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8576FD717F04F0482E614C224F8A3425" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spirodela intermedia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="170B1E6DF523D9A5E77EA770D9765544" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AB12D729192403C994DE4CC896CB99E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="42E60572017316222342451784C9FE81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A364FA76F5C89C1DCD116B89A42DF447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The immature stages are only known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5F3EAE90A374A32391A20E58FB65FD8F" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5DCF5747B5E8EC00002DAEA275AB5E6B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="15FA1AB325C119F61966FAB8257E383F" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (described as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6992020B924ED341F40351A73B43B9F1" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(s. str.)
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="E.Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">Helochares pallipes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D73BCF421125CE86B21FFCC42C539D8B" baseAuthorityName="E.Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">Helochares pallipes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1B3F56963D24C055866DFCC44A674786" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DEB2C168D756A1BD21592731A920D381" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="01F1324B8F23593088C1CF0DEE0542F9" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 444); egg sac, first, second and third instar larvae, and pupa are described and illustrated. From each egg sac, 80-103 larvae emerged (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="329F9BA58038361A5FA282980CA973FD" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="42D1A3FE751E59A8731E71E0769D587B" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9E841A4050E4E086638423F0657EC5E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9DE88498A11E6CEB877D7A365428F954" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4E4D70120128692A181597E209759FFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D5CBDBF1568A827251CC8667934C16D1" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F757E386B9D051B8CDEAC6C5D0843CC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been described since as early as 1801, but it was only with the investigations by
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B355097FB068609D80009FCEDC3BEE7E" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in the 1980's (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 192" refId="B102" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1981. Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (3): 189 - 192" title="Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1981">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2C2493B4916D61DE327B4426B63FEEDD" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 192" refId="B102" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1981. Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (3): 189 - 192" title="Dos especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1981">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E9339024B993D31208999DF30FF1C966" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1981
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 40" refId="B103" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982a. Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 8 (79): 31 - 40" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1982 a">1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="02528DF0D23D76912A7A1DB87064746A" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 40" refId="B103" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982a. Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 8 (79): 31 - 40" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1982 a">1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="b" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="85 - 90" refId="B104" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982b. Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc. b 40 (99): 85 - 90" title="Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc." volume="40" year="1982 b">1982b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C9477D7EA229A375956C9672A2B0C" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="b" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="85 - 90" refId="B104" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982b. Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc. b 40 (99): 85 - 90" title="Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc." volume="40" year="1982 b">1982b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3DFC2E457983E51EC2D3FA72910D922A" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 151" refId="B107" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1989. Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 45 (1-4): 145 - 151" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas." volume="45" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DD482EEFE8CAA4698037FFD238C52EE6" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 151" refId="B107" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1989. Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 45 (1-4): 145 - 151" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas." volume="45" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) that the group was studied in a comparative taxonomic framework beyond the description of single species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0A10CE3123E755B9ECDAE1B0138792BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F1FC9296C6C9378592A05F7E705708F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F87CBB0F43FF9EB375DBB735F34A47E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are 15 species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8F5DF275A2E3BD52D17D50F3CA9C74AF" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD14B4A3F5173A6859D05CC0FBFB5A52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described to date. Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A8ABFA453DAC096AA24528C78BF36652" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6804BD52417B7FF86AF676FC33F87873" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
tend to have moderate to shallow punctation and serial punctures are usually absent. There is a group of species with serial punctures visible along the posterior half to third of the elytra (Clade D1 in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BFD00D84A704458F1F03D9DFA9EBE13C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares abbreviatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2EF5AFD22F73EF3F260C0EB8192DB848" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B37C5F3F80B57ADB81B670B476503F9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ECFC5096C5F4018E5C3BD708EDB6A672" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="634638928459F1AD48894CD7F98C3637" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares abbreviatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E411C6398E4E40C34B470D2423F38D6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fabricius),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. carmona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carmona">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carmona</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0EC410EB9EAD61EA93B508F98A7972D5" lsidName="N. carmona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carmona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B4295094B951EB66AD5ABE489711A06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carmona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Short),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. chaquensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chaquensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. chaquensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F85602A7E50AC3C4C42098ADAF4964C2" lsidName="N. chaquensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chaquensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B257713258F0A871902CBD29FD744BB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. chaquensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="748E1160DFDD3E92A7C68D0D82357FAE" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. cochlearis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cochlearis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="363D7A1C573D34DDC5FC292BC97489EF" lsidName="N. cochlearis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07351EFE3BC7BEEA30FE00C1E208C0EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cochlearis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FF20D497B6AEA2D9DE605FD12D986AE3" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. coya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coya">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. coya</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="09562D451053FA54C2837E0D09C965EA" lsidName="N. coya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="65B8B59E5EA6C574B154B8B83D2D58FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. coya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1BE47C79FBAED5772F5534A6B31F6DB9" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. guadelupensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guadelupensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. guadelupensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="816057DB39AD2B7186599508429EED27" lsidName="N. guadelupensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guadelupensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BDB01A043C12892527AFB7CC7EC3E807" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. guadelupensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F449671C013472E4DF5EAB6DF763F3B7" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. pallipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A370C72EF11F94CC0ECAEAABB055D4B" lsidName="N. pallipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A1E7EEBB5A592544DA2D34ED2781B81B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B0D8C7C601BD783A855306572F477265" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. sallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sallaei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. sallaei</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="021D1A8E93BD13769CD63C0F82F70276" lsidName="N. sallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sallaei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C02178C4986364AEF4A6E3B4D0E75733" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. sallaei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Sharp),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. tectiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tectiformis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tectiformis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F8F609C41879A9AA3144319FC890698A" lsidName="N. tectiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tectiformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="821EF96F4B852045F7D2D1DE162C3244" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tectiformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="92228E0B13B3E6F0719CCAEFA8E3F95B" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. carmona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carmona">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carmona</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3891A9CCB2A78A6D4C513EC4AE387F79" lsidName="N. carmona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carmona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="579CFD33AE531A57616A89C7DE317D48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carmona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were examined for this study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 40" refId="B103" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982a. Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 8 (79): 31 - 40" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1982 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="295C1F8B2074D7070D47F9E18678E846" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F5E2B7A38459DEC1166C6AA921DA1D90" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="32C3470605B47ECC6E764C5A503EDE8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6A0F7F18DB697579B06C74C9BCA8471E" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 40" refId="B103" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982a. Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 8 (79): 31 - 40" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares (Insecta, Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1982 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1A0EC72F3250DC160ACA43B5008C2726" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1982a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: notes on the taxonomic status of some of the previously described species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="b" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="85 - 90" refId="B104" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982b. Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc. b 40 (99): 85 - 90" title="Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc." volume="40" year="1982 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="751DC3CDB76FF1BBCF8BA1306F10A15E" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="b" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="85 - 90" refId="B104" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1982b. Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc. b 40 (99): 85 - 90" title="Cinco especies nuevas del genero Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Physis (Buenos Aires), secc." volume="40" year="1982 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E3BC27D8D8BC879F1FC31821BE32D062" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1982b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of four new species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B49179EB55D02CA0EB895F0351782B9" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Limnobios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 449" refId="B105" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1983. Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Limnobios 2 (6): 439 - 449" title="Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripcion de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brulle), con descripcion de los estados preimaginales (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="2" year="1983">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8E8155757CAD9BC41A236DF0EB87457D" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of immature stages for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B41C8400045BD3A6A562FD273031400A" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DC5E7C2AD36F4E8A931AFF98A7D4C447" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares pallipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6EC257E9CE161F87EDAEAC060F996B08" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 151" refId="B107" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1989. Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 45 (1-4): 145 - 151" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas." volume="45" year="1989">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3DAC6EC439FC17F4DBC40D3D9FF5BE2B" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 151" refId="B107" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1989. Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 45 (1-4): 145 - 151" title="Notas sobre el genero Helochares. II (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Descripcion de dos especies nuevas neotropicales. Clave para determinar las especies argentinas y de areas vecinas." volume="45" year="1989">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8DAE555B01D10AE29C01045520D8C780" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1989
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: one new species and identification key;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F48F659F608C2772516F4971FB97380D" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: one new species with review of Central American species; Clarkson and Ferreira-Jr 2014: one new species and new records from southern Brazil;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
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|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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|
|
|
|||
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 24</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 25</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="2393272593E4489C0DAB1B50F6D61A93" ID-CoL="8VW66" authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="1A79508FB739F6AEABC1E790D48D15AB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3234444E48195C4E45373754C1D601EF" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AFF8F0AE152497005F94D98131A8AAA5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="9EA84F57F11E7EA54C8BB63DA12691FF" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 24</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="8600E88244A1256E46E185D46D823377" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 25</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="2E52756C4911D06BAD54A4D0F9719A28" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chasmogenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp, 1882: 73;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
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<bibRefCitation id="FFF049CCF2C6558C1D82C51C6D8FFC15" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
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1986
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: 189 [generic status reinstated].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus fragilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">Chasmogenus fragilis</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="F83B9AB0B116484836D44F08AA2010A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6DE800117C694EB7D9C48EF8A7718C38" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus fragilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">Chasmogenus fragilis</taxonomicName>
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Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus fragilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">Chasmogenus fragilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3DA2F7023D47298015C0832C826A48D" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus fragilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">Chasmogenus fragilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp, 1882: 73; by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Chasmogenus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chasmogenus">Helochares (Chasmogenus)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0A21D7228E3B38E238CB7F7F8ABE5AD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B227AE51CA1CB486A7918AB3DB670CB4" authority="" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares (Chasmogenus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chasmogenus">Helochares (Chasmogenus)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A59058B41A81871DB11DB855093A82B0" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="738E215620EE6481E6B95FA6C2D81A45" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1919c
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149 [as subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CAD2A9AEDF4335FF0BCB6F51EF0FBEDA" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
]; Knisch 1924: 195 [catalog].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dieroxenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B8DFDD742CC5B53BB6F65BC972253219" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CC52E9C8E8F780287F573EB32A4E1EE1" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dieroxenus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler, 1979: 753;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C9B9DDF0D80665FCF5C799954CFD93DE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3C189EB0497B0808ABA36FDEF51DFF7D" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 154 [synonymy].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus cremnobates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cremnobates">Dieroxenus cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC0CB1E74582F07AA40E39D013E1F930" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="575D2848CCBCC1AA531E57CFBB84D8B7" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus cremnobates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cremnobates">Dieroxenus cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus cremnobates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cremnobates">Dieroxenus cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8C86EAB3AF41774CC524D52DC7EC0AB0" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus cremnobates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cremnobates">Dieroxenus cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler, 1979: 754; by original designation and monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="88FB18E58B54DEFA38A7167AD3FCF9A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C5BF4D6D5B7B250D9B673A40C8DEBD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="324A159836E4A969AC794D7CDBCA9956" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus fragilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus fragilis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7919CB8CBC7FE3B81593C90EF1B7F9FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0514E93EC2EBF9A48271AD0DA23934CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A4C103664217DA0535B8FF2F577F3048" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F5C005930148DFF031373DA79D48F10E" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus fragilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="97BE90B033B5D16555D37DC7208B112C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus fragilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sharp, 1882: 73; by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F6A40D77D6504A2CD28A2B3AFAB886D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="30D4A0636886E138CA2F600DF49DC0E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0ADC97E0D1FFD0AC0715C854FD88B35F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Body length ranging from 2.5-5.0 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, parallel-sided to broader around midlength, dorsoventrally flattened, weakly to moderately convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="44868850924BFFF9936F47E784AC0C3C" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
), either evenly convex or flattened along anterior half. Surface of head, pronotum and elytra smooth, with usually shallow ground punctation. Coloration ranging from yellowish orange to dark brown, usually uniform along body, sometimes darker on head or only frons. Shape of head trapezoid (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9A4ED66ACF10653298F2D358022BC49" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes varying in size, usually subquadrate in dorsal view, only very weakly emarginated anteriorly, and usually projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin mesally weakly to strongly emarginated; membranous preclypeal area visible when clypeus strongly emarginated (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11H</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7E68895C4768FD0286D3D626C77DFA0D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labrum fully exposed, semioval, anteriorly mesally emarginated. Mentum usually rather smooth, with anterior depression often reaching midlength of mentum, sometimes limited by low transverse carina. Antennae with eight antennomeres, with cupule slightly asymmetric and rounded. Maxillary palps usually slender and slightly longer than width of head, with inner margin slightly and evenly curved, and outer margin curved along apical half. Pronotum evenly convex. Elytra with sutural striae, with outer margins slightly flared; ground punctures usually only shallowly marked, serial punctures absent and at least one median row of systematic punctures clearly visible on each elytron (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="96BA67B4D3056EED7A38ED46301F78A0" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of prosternum usually flat, only rarely with low medial carina along intercoxal process. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with an either blunt or sharp longitudinal elevation; anapleural sutures sinuate, separated at anterior margin by distance similar or slightly shorter than anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite with posteromesal and posterolateral glabrous patches (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8C7DD44C0BA712A5C0C883B02F61AC8A" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row semi erect, relatively long, thick and sparse; apical spurs of protibiae moderately long and thick, reaching apex of protarsomere 2. Metafemora with tibial grooves moderately developed, with sharp posterior margin; hydrofuge pubescence covering at least basal 3/4 of anterior surface of metafemora (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="870E18EF9C347FC1242DA176929E6FE4" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metatarsomeres 2-4 with two rows of spiniform setae on ventral surface; metatarsomere 5 nearly as long as 3 and 4 combined; metatarsomere 2 shorter to nearly as long as 5. Apex of fifth abdominal ventrite emarginate, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4C823CB08A3EBB55BA22A37CF1B2765B" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
); basal piece shorter to nearly as long as parameres; outline of apical region of parameres variable; sometimes parameres asymmetrical; median lobe triangular, either simple or bearing additional sclerite, with well-developed lateral basal apodemes and gonopore.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="61BA172AFF1E7730B49AB03768BEEF4C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A35A51B1A25F4ABF9594E2FBDC89C8BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4560D6D46C698F9D78AB9F11B06C88E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="80CE6414478797F04EBC30E02ABBDB2C" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="15DC6E02DA0841F880AC817407B9CCAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ruidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ruidus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ruidus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C8C3588467E68333EDF3EE6AE5B150ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42F8A9D5A984E7C763171590DDA5536F" lsidName="C. ruidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ruidus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DDA50600F30A5C9EF671DC8F447871C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ruidus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B445F4FBAC59E20C05C3F69A37EC05F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5C88F67A36C0497660FCF64F6624BE2D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="062612387046D523D2E224B4B946B923" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cremnobates" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cremnobates">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cremnobates</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3D13F74C11CB8064E6A8D5B1C4BB540" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E305A6F9DDD5E77BE9D6138256F65B32" lsidName="C. cremnobates" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cremnobates">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C51C5A833074F6464F27ADF2B6DE5014" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cremnobates</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D4881FFE6D0A9B9AA3A69B58B926520" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FBC4D78ED767A212AD4A0227B9A9B47D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="13C25A0C07D0CC249EA180EAAE810675" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="03610EF7D22EB97B5A5C25DEA32A5860" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F1F78E96C0EB269B9D516A57C48E8248" lsidName="C. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB6534488E6E7563BF90AB04677E7D1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B84CDE46096C13FF3B96C33895F5F4DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C61D13280DC96EF81665EDC4C51677DF" lsidName="C. amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75A35C6688850404DB648AB771AC5C14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. itatiaia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="itatiaia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. itatiaia</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="83ABF02BA9CF3C33DE9300F876B2B6B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="20E39DEB2574A4EAAA83514722F79D05" lsidName="C. itatiaia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="itatiaia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B74693349D196FF81CF645CEC5D03ADE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. itatiaia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. fluminensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C634BB8F1420426E2280A50BA561BED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7DF9FEC5616C0346F67174C4CAB3744A" lsidName="C. fluminensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0D8A15EA8FDBB572306D1AEDA01EC17E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="68003FC0077BBA38AFC52C358045327F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="461E788B4A3B6468837B5C6AE08D01B7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I, J</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D1ACF73B1F5A6EB98E851F729F9F9611" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I, J</emphasis>
|
||||
from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 25.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="6021AAE60A85F45DB9808D6215E41AAE" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
|
||||
<paragraph id="160EC0BA8FE9B285F8D4B8432370CB6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7B982C43BA9D36E8DA0CECFBFA1B737F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 25.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="153EB2AFE93E8C3D66664A7E847DC112" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9B47D4ED91D259F8ABC90387E43461B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. acuminatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="74AC21C0D254E85A623963E9DE9100CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB29313E284126847C8A633743AEE2BC" lsidName="C. acuminatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4EB70AAE88F37592B25B2A2E77F9B744" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. schmits" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schmits">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. schmits</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B626CE898675BAF5B3C5F5540561EA48" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8B32A215BC21FFE9F4046DA56EBEF784" lsidName="C. schmits" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schmits">
|
||||
<emphasis id="602150C2FC21D56108E4839FBA48CF68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. schmits</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4489F1A38BE57760D6D887EC22B73AF4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A70EED6A5B09627C4BFF14E3A9BE54C2" lsidName="C. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="028D2331DA743AB524EF07D66E51E34B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. tafelbergensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tafelbergensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tafelbergensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1C03A10E2FBF04EEE36643A488602DBE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="40BD3D0244B38E9DC2526C7EE5AFA61B" lsidName="C. tafelbergensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tafelbergensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="65AAAE481B4B2CB9454FCB5B672B82CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tafelbergensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="92AEDCE279A4845FA5C7481D2B95FEAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3613E432DBABB6026344D18638C1824A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view. Images from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B5A6C01717C5E411211356E747E4D8B4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F9D0EC8C06CF84BE84252F0556C51FE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="490FB59A30011FC9D4EB40DDD718E644" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E6FF938FC15DAAA7F47F18D3DCB05707" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="22B8F56850DBB784A819B6D8FA9CBBCB" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AD01D1AAC87D4252843B72CC57121A09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
most closely resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2CBF97AF7A310C39A83E6C6FBB84BED5" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="673DA2A647235C671ACC05B84ABD5BEE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, although they do not co-occur in the same biogeographic regions (
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="727BADECAD817F788346EFC34A196B6D" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2005B7E3FCBDA1CCBBCB523D0C150F3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs exclusively in the Neotropical region, whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="560EF5F714E2C6170CBD05078120BFD1" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9CA0A282E685275321BFD970DBBF2657" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs throughout the Old World). They can be differentiated by the number of antennomeres (eight in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="12AB8122B407136C07E5839B26F30DD6" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6B0477C626E67129337B9B86A1C9427D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, nine in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFCE49AC85F7ED5AD3ED8945626AB0BA" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D82D9779BA929A84AB71A8723EF473E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the form of the aedeagus (trilobed in most
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F81A5D1669182B32FCACAD1ED06CBDF" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C8C54EAC498936F7029CCC04BB91832" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EA269B7F272F0FC60C1E11B62B539CBF" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A C. acuminatus B C. schmits C C. lineatus D, E C. tafelbergensis: D dorsal view E lateral view. Images from Smith and Short 2020. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
), divided and further modified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="79EE053702F0B0BC888B4D57158B34CC" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CFFB5924BF11B0D53D5A6EA067F37E16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DF3F8E17DD1DB06CF5D2BAC7EDD33460" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Among New World taxa,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8E5DC365B34D10F39DC49BF697969B1F" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="70C3862A23C169ECCE77F3DC569718A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can easily be distinguished by the presence of sutural striae, a character shared only with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="77E39827D4C4B497BE5D81DC828ED03A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07F89B682C4C7C614CA5DD81A625506A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, from which it can be distinguished by the shape of the posterior elevation of the mesoventrite: longitudinally elevated in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7D55F5B2B21D55D24ED50044A0B8FA03" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0A2C6799C61C4FA72003BE0CBC6E6385" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, transversally elevated in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6D9DD376B826A9BA8E9E6AAF268B550E" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E68B48F3D64A455113A4FFF0BF9B1CC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Although
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="657B053ECD9839B58017CE680D9D95BF" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="81ACD8B367329F47BBCDEFE9962D92DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is quite rare and has a more restricted range in the Neotropics compared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="10292F68858DD6A1388F8E9546D395B4" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F1819561DAD920EA1D7108CCD64FFDF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the two genera can co-occur in forested steams in the Guiana Shield region.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CD3B5EF101C2A25982401AA62427F888" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E74FB882BC283DBDCD6AF5A53B7FCBB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="15262391803D938C6F4BEAB89B2CEBCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="502E6521D240087AD3D7D54AB5AA78E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Argentina, Brazil (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B55C1793044C73B69F36466125E91495" originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Amazonas, Minas Gerais,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3B12742DA515F5FBED8BD749091CE2C4" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2EAD3A744C0DCCFBF6413D2461A39F6F" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Rio de Janeiro, Roraima,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9443F267369C2C43DDBA516A81EAA772" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Paulo), Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3E3AC675943AE5A0D1B4CE2B7A92DB61" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="65C8B3C47888F7369A2187A0B52C7FE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BD0559C6F483C776AAA843E66E78783E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9A4C6E980CE7C4D3318A82637347D8DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The vast majority of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="34F4A1BF27EA40D227B3044E9AC0DAFD" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="63218BF535BF9DE9CFFF0CFAC3581A08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are known from forested habitats, including the margins of streams and forest pools. A few species are known from open marsh habitats (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus australis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus australis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="949BE0D8AE61F161B22379FABC3EC590" authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus australis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3E9F2F227148863BA8753F9152CAFC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus australis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BC798895264256EDA0165E5AAF46A2F8" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus sapucay" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapucay">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus sapucay</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A546E57FF15A30569521B6E3D6E83F6C" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus sapucay" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapucay">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DED295D86ACF7EA9CC67EA0320D11839" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus sapucay</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F54F5284E254EC3B39AAED85E412E8A4" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). They can be found among the vegetation and submerged leaf litter. They are also attracted to lights, though usually not in large numbers. Only one species [
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus cremobates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cremobates">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus cremobates</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3AFBF6574D2278DFE95B2900180B2DB4" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus cremobates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cremobates">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4BE68EC5B3C12E4C49F64A5F37DF8747" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus cremobates</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Spangler)] has been collected in seepages. See
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1F1509E18808B681FD55354AAC193656" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for more detail on habitat information.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F10E8DFB0C83778436FCA2E0779F5C76" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F875671E58A062AB5BAF686B2F78BB4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AA3AD9BCDB1A6D4409588D660B2C4561" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C38F3C4D08A6C4ECBB54731742140BFB" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AC63FDD90203097BB31A3EE1F4575A42" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown. The only descriptions of immature stages were made for
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fauvel" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDEDF6BC0B2DA3D08E772D948272A764" baseAuthorityName="Fauvel" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus nitescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBDEA319F7ACB4B638F5004290D2AA51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus nitescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fauvel (from Australia), which is now assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2E655D567E740E416561DA47A3AA29D" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5A31D18C12D2585DF9B81F1ABBF0A662" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CC6212951AF3FFFB092B02368C7021CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CA6CB40271489E42216EDCC516E43D49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C79C8680144D0C567B7DE99BC9653F59" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9C532192CE542EAE536B1178A9D468AB" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="31C33E3B94692CE6381D80E6270BC991" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was originally described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp (1882)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C679A80A7209D06597B457C920834AA3" author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp (1882)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
as a genus to accommodate one Neotropical species from Guatemala and Panama.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7F67EFF1CF4744651FE987D3B4609FD3" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 168" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" refId="B50" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1919c. Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 88 (1-2): 105 - 168, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" title="Contribution a l'etude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9486175" volume="88" year="1919 c">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F1BF71D3195660365331236F706D0626" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1919c
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149) synonymized
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F45637CAD72CFA9EFF2CD3CD261C4E4E" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="46F3F91FA4ED8BCB7CCD4616DF575B36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C6963D93AD476FDDAA51B3753C3BD01" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="20E24D4EBAE437DDE8AE5387AD7C89ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(from the Old World) and placed it as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1B1C42F23A2C2F976FB267E58AABC5A7" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F7EFECB38DD68607B32B42AE73C23E40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The generic rank of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CFC30BE155E9D01C9234620ADC2FA00" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="025963BCC2862E3DDAE517AD895D00A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was re-established by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ED0706C6CA9D0DF098A9B349E8E6AB87" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D6705436EF0A9CE2C20FEE1445CF4B6F" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1986
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 189), with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="521E2E33F3CC3F3ED0DBB73084593C3D" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A888D1CAEA1E5B7BEDC5106D05A197B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
maintained as a junior synonym. Some authors continued to treat
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="29CF4A0037F00276DD921C6EDD367F7B" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07904CC42F56496A90073E1C41EBD4ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a valid subgenus (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B8FD501ABDCB568406B4AFA39A2FBEE5" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 1995) while others did not recognize any distinction between the two names (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="57B4C73BCEB1113F4281A62B265A1EFE" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 1999). The monotypic genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AA26F457D1B866291950F0E674C1E782" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E6D3870723635D904B7FFC6A0B887A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A4F1BCE1E9A85AC4FCAE6F0EB625C6F9" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F0B84A78685B31F7FAC13F0A3B61CB0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B780FF8B2108106B90A27D1494D620F8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A00FF7995483F3FE1741893C4DDDD51F" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short (2018)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The recent phylogeny by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B66CE1F837158B3BC6D0DC857000553B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
offered support considering
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2FAAEF94B4F8AED589BCAD6847C41859" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E501436ACF10C3F96ADB579D358F7F2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5B16720BB9D82A04E675CCC106D0ADB3" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1AAB4CC6BF0594B94BB47A991E771DE9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as separate genera and affirmed
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C3E1AED22D0CA01212166A6ECEBDA05D" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9278D051B49E9FD8E3B20A9FBEAEF354" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a derived lineage within
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="547B63BC8214B8ABB4B4543791553FAE" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD14E44B34BA147648418B89EEC56DA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C8F365CB7CCFA7B72E287A30C64B2DCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D2A41217A78F311CF292300E96607864" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CBBCD562B7412F471ECC11EC016025F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are 33 described species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89B098E8EE247CE454B0F3F62C5DB1FE" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CBBF7BFAED5AFB0C12EBDEA82EBA6817" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to date, and we are aware of many yet undescribed species in South America.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="169C499B2CDAD6E1208A89FD76E4CAF8" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB2A3F47DCF99075FDCB154675283196" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a fairly commonly found group of beetles with very little variation in external morphology. Recent collecting efforts and taxonomic study in the genus have revealed a hidden diversity and interesting biogeographic patterns in South America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C940C5F41D3BC85E07CA07C6EE25A08A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus australis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus australis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="46D1466946A0E268872E832934D23A0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AE3A939E2857BCDFE43D1E5DDA56AE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8682689AD26077C68C7575045B66AD91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1220BE216418C60A97A7C905D78DB4F" authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus australis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="90A872AD550D36CBCE2189A53CA109EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus australis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E5F46B15DFCCDC7069E980DE093AD9F4" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="412CB2FEB19F5B5CC4A5AC485565DB14" lsidName="C. amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D14ECA77B0F416E4BCC602DF8249C18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Smith & Short*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. bariorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bariorum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. bariorum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="51E5FC57284523BE3B7139A4413EFB11" lsidName="C. bariorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bariorum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B3C5BDE6D14BB503248D26BA6F620B0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. bariorum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D237BE83390071D5848B670AD745EE3E" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barrae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barrae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. barrae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8A6C75EE0A9B7FF95DD2A041FA38B84A" lsidName="C. barrae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barrae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AA3AD8DA734AC6F3A764A68534FB04FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. barrae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cremnobates" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cremnobates">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cremnobates</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5F46C04331F52C382C51ECB4054C775C" lsidName="C. cremnobates" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cremnobates">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932FC32B5E68DBB4FB45E206A6B8777" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cremnobates</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Spangler),
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FCA36874F9AA7F08746ADE510B669DC7" lsidName="C. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="58AF0BBCD81BF65C7F664DED6BFE815F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Smith & Short*, C.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus lorenzo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lorenzo">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus lorenzo</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89A2D752691D7F06C5EF6DD852951836" authorityName="Short" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus lorenzo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lorenzo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="84F8DE3D84DCB6C0F208899C5DC141F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus lorenzo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ruidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ruidus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ruidus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="348FD57ECEDA1585C16F393BB844CDCB" lsidName="C. ruidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ruidus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC9A0048A5E2BD2668F10EA2197434F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ruidus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Short*,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. schmits" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schmits">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. schmits</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="882724824C9EDE373F91544DAC64806B" lsidName="C. schmits" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schmits">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8768EC1E077E9C8C10655FB2FD7D6B6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. schmits</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Smith & Short*. Paratypes of the species marked with an asterisk were available for this study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B68336824D6E76181DB0653C1CD97218" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="89DCACEBD47113DED17BFE86ADA59A01" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AA2FEC5436DE01CE5FF9BC0D4955511" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="021A05025C0B6BFE6164F5854D8AD442" author="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 80" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" refId="B258" refString="Sharp, D, 1882. Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2): 53 - 80, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" title="Fam. Hydrophilidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106" volume="1" year="1882">Sharp 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 73: genus description;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="753 - 761" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35514474" refId="B278" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1979. A new genus of madicolous beetles from Ecuador (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrobiinae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 92 (4): 753 - 761, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35514474" title="A new genus of madicolous beetles from Ecuador (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrobiinae)." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35514474" volume="92" year="1979">Spangler 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0D573096B8ABDF84265212E1500EF41C" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="753 - 761" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35514474" refId="B278" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1979. A new genus of madicolous beetles from Ecuador (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrobiinae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 92 (4): 753 - 761, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35514474" title="A new genus of madicolous beetles from Ecuador (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrobiinae)." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35514474" volume="92" year="1979">Spangler 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 753: description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13C1FB69EA38D1AE43A4526BE88536E8" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2111C16416B219EC1A30BDB6C6A366D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A39E7EB63E3F4685B01751F2A71EAB40" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="189 - 193" refId="B106" refString="Fernandez, LA, 1986. Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Neotropica 32: 189 - 193" title="Consideraciones sobre el genero Chasmogenus Sharp y descripcion de Chasmogenus sapucay sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="32" year="1986">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="865833CD5AD74FD09E6CE81BB3EF87A8" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1986
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: notes on the genus and one new species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4764F6CCE12E233680F65DC08C193CB8" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Acta Coleopterologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 92" refId="B146" refString="Hebauer, F, 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 8 (2): 61 - 92" title="The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)." volume="8" year="1992">Hebauer 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: notes, recognition of two subgenera, emphasis on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="833D5218C7102BC7E959D9606439383F" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="17238B1C202B556FA391BCEF34C075C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0A110E56D4FD2E0CD4A6C51FED1A4ADB" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2000: four new species from Venezuela;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="81EA11586F2D7599BCB655591C160F82" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 226" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" refId="B261" refString="Short, AEZ, 2005. A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 191 - 226, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" title="A review of the subtribe Acidocerina of Central America with special reference to Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/KOR_75_2005_0191-0226.pdf" volume="75" year="2005">Short 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: new species from Costa Rica;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4D6DA0D897617FE6F9FFA2B5695622D7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="723 - 752" refId="B266" refString="Short, AEZ, Fikacek, M, 2013. Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723 - 752, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" title="Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12024" volume="38" year="2013">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="500BCE19F6D39519A8DA81B84D4693CC" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: inclusion of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AE0284B9B0C5BB8BFFA357DA68E6A413" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="94582EF05C575A5FC174D669328E80FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species in molecular phylogeny;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.5.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="481 - 494" refId="B41" refString="Clarkson, B, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2014b. Four new species and first nominal record of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 3765 (5): 481 - 494, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.5.6" title="Four new species and first nominal record of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.5.6" volume="3765" year="2014 b">Clarkson and Ferreira-Jr 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5BF673CF396D2101552920E79B0F6EC4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.5.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="481 - 494" refId="B41" refString="Clarkson, B, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2014b. Four new species and first nominal record of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 3765 (5): 481 - 494, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.5.6" title="Four new species and first nominal record of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.5.6" volume="3765" year="2014 b">Clarkson and Ferreira-Jr 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: four new species from Brazil;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="202EBAC62617756D83A4B2B5D72C737D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
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<normalizedToken id="D278FD4A49571F87E5A63FEC7D6138B7" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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and Short 2018
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: synonymization of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D7C914D05DB84D4550419B64C49F0524" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dieroxenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C72ED918477731A4B1CBC1FF588B4887" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.7" author="Alves, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="579 - 586" refId="B1" refString="Alves, T, Clarkson, B, Lima, LRC, 2020. A new species of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 and new records of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) from Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 4763: 579 - 586, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.7" title="A new species of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 and new records of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) from Northeastern Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.7" volume="4763" year="2020">Alves et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7D14DE376833AFBE22C526775576B161" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.7" author="Alves, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="579 - 586" refId="B1" refString="Alves, T, Clarkson, B, Lima, LRC, 2020. A new species of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 and new records of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) from Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 4763: 579 - 586, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.7" title="A new species of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 and new records of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) from Northeastern Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.7" volume="4763" year="2020">Alves et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of a new species from Brazil;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="6CED9B2BB0A1A7526D1DBC2300CAE2B8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" author="Smith, RR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 79" refId="B276" refString="Smith, RR, Short, AEZ, 2020. Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 934: 25 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" title="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" volume="934" year="2020">Smith and Short 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of 18 new species from northeastern South America;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="F7FBEEA156ECB46F687F3DCDCEA251B1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,418 +1,418 @@
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Bergroth, 1888" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata Bergroth, 1888</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11L</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 34</figureCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BE8F09C86792F7A34E5E53B8683F85D0" ID-CoL="8VY5R" authority="Bergroth, 1888" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata Bergroth, 1888</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DB575A86B1A5108031B17C1B9243EC32" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3502D4FE8196EC29D8279FDA999054A3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13D52B3E72781E625F88E794F616D4A1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9019C19DF60BDC9C5A2533CBCC4EDBC3" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="14D6BB7456829E6E88A0CEF6A1E7A1FF" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7B9899618E0B055F54197BCB3CBE615D" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 34</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="00D815CA0E09DAA56DC7A293236B8870" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D21287B76CE282A1E15F9F9BB4D9782" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0D319B79C8E9F5982FC25D16CC4AD1D1" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873: 137.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C6B47096A2780501B3846F5842AA327" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1A99FEE4697BDBEACD7A51F5DFD428AA" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6935C4945EE053D2BB4090E8D94997B2" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873: 137; by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5652A8598AFF69D6AEC3682340908F86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7C18566EEFC1EC47EE84647C99AB5D40" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Bergroth, 1888: 221 - Replacement name for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="52DD4FFE41BC31128D1CCB09AA80F13C" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CF38EADCABA7ABE2240C55143D13C451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="562D7447E7FC062E0CC95B6F98C0D316" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cockerell, 1906: 240 - Replacement name for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0F1258CDBE2511FA6EC3F4C95472E1B7" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CABB0C2C8CE0348388E03091FC25E90E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0D6F38FFAC7A8E65E271FB8EA930DEB" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8B153F0A50441A3855B0C7C2CCB67D37" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">Helopeltis larvalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873: 137.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Feminine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C9584115581F1E9C14158616F5B908DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="156BB1972D37ACD3FDE8C84358A09227" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3C7F0CDC440E80DEAE97608EC4D37731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Feminine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FB7389F4D591633EEEB028C9274F6457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D1D6A8408D0FD12E850FD425B178D57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="06609B6F83FCBE3D2656893F329BCF36" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E51D149F8C75D5702E396CF8D8907539" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9D7DBDF59D3230C85FD24BF73122C37B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, 1873: 137; by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="07A9690FC6B622C5B002633E866107FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8812548E6D503BA4CCC963D5BCEAFF84" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4865FFFBEDA3EE506E6AC7872419AA23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Medium sized beetles, body length 4-7 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view, dorsoventrally flattened, with dorsal outline nearly straight along medial third in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2569BBA5F97E1BFEE8D6C02A5C79D388" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
); surface even and granulate. From yellowish, orange brown to dark brown in coloration, usually with patterns along elytra, with different areas of head and pronotum darkened. Shape of head somewhat trapezoid (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="192A5E5055B77804C2DC2011E2C81F4C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anterior corners of frons extended laterally and posteriorly, emarginating anterior margin of eyes. Eyes of moderate size, somewhat oval, anteriorly deeply emarginated, not projected from outline of head. Clypeus somewhat pentagonal, laterally explanate, with anterior margin usually straight (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="241E0F4932CB708E2FCDAB476EF5D605" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labrum concealed by clypeus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="07D752A9F5CE7DF05CDDD33CE6CC4F51" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11L</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mentum with surface variably sculptured, usually with oblique and transverse striae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2248C7B5ED6F3D058F7930750B3DF9D5" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with eight antennomeres, with cupule strongly asymmetric and oval in outline. Maxillary palps slender, slightly longer than greatest width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 weakly and evenly curved, and outer margin weakly curved along apical third (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D6D86A6757261C44D3D842E933655984" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pronotum with surface of lateral areas flat. Elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins laterally explanate; serial punctures clearly aligned in longitudinal rows (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="98C57279C8E1EE75C5829F06DCE453A9" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Scutellar shield U-shaped. Surface of prosternum flat, to medially bulging, smooth to irregularly sculptured. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite only weakly bulging, with pair of lateral, longitudinal, low ridges; anapleural sutures nearly parallel along anterior section, separated anteriorly by distance slightly shorter than anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite uniformly covered by hydrofuge pubescence, with medial, narrow, and slightly carinate glabrous patch; posterolateral glabrous patches reduced. Protibiae with spines of anterior row short and semi erect; apical spurs of protibiae reduced, much shorter than protarsomere 1. Metafemora with tibial grooves moderately developed; hydrofuge pubescence covering 5/6 of anterior surface (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D89F1B9E8BC36930CD9EB2A99516C797" captionStart="FIgure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="FIgure 33. Habitus of Helobata spp. A-C H. larvalis: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D H. quatipuru (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) E H. amazonensis (from Clarkson and Almeida 2018) F H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tarsomeres 1-4 ventrally densely covered by setae; metatarsomere 2 longer than 3 and 4 combined, 1 nearly as long as 3, and 5 nearly as long as 2-4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically emarginate, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus divided (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CCDBBBACB4BD708F0D39BA69C335C1E9" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
|
||||
), parameres separated from each other for most of their lengths; median lobe divided in dorsal and ventral plates; dorsal plate usually strongly sclerotized; ventral plate bilaterally bifurcated, forming thick lateral lobes along apical region; basal piece nearly 0.2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CB697E194511C533F5094BDA15E84E1F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the length of parameres, always noticeable; gonopore not clearly visible.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="FIgure 33" startId="F33">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">FIgure 33.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="B3057B87C576515D2CDB5FD77836964F" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557432" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="FIgure 33" startId="F33">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4BB88CDFD02114C10BD05502278D8FBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="288017C93122F1AFE1276CBE60091AF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">FIgure 33.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1187E37ECF438C1DCFA5AF5AC54BC497" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="53D8853BD1C5786083282E9548B81632" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="578F33DF9812334B50A75583BE068814" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42344A9F8EF11B4807DE86A61ED6D1D4" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="00EEF4983985B199E5BD3AC99CD0B89C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8D0EE89876AD2F61133CFDD6FF711DDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5268328928B3CF6DE14D7C4EA901A2CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2C5C57BF317FC3E95E5AE7C58058515F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. quatipuru" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuru">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. quatipuru</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BC3D639857C09DEA95AA40AC0BF3611A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="550429CA59846CDB86AF3466B2AE7C10" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. quatipuru" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuru">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BDA88FCBBDB77294C311003DF2A8B5AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. quatipuru</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CAF03E9171EF3E65CE3711F5BECD2031" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. amazonensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. amazonensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="27A39C94D71F6EEE535070AB7D3CCFD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BB3815510A8E433DA2771DB8173CEC88" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. amazonensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="87D88BDF32A2945FA9F76C5E5FBFAA1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. amazonensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="68B35D14A00B2005E9BEC0AF889EDD3E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pantaneira" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantaneira">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. pantaneira</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="85820753D927D94DD1DE14A9368BB3DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1316E8C4626C4C34410655C710B46AA1" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pantaneira" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantaneira">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7EB1D91ACECA8F7B236B7DB582EB9A47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. pantaneira</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="69B1D7AA03E1F6EC30A22E629ED3B16F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 34" startId="F34">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 34.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="E91CF3A4D0EA54602416F8AC68672A11" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 34" startId="F34">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B5D8EDEA54E069E71294F22C2E4A986" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8FD24DB4EB03BD4BE91A6856032AC52D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 34.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CA943B9A41010EEF9AE546A4A066D6BC" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="05F3C29AE0361FA61F3E9A1C6AE9900E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pantaneira" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantaneira">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. pantaneira</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="AF74FA9F6ADE42E26A814C463582DF75" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3A9F249599E5497D8EC955F218CB041F" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pantaneira" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantaneira">
|
||||
<emphasis id="425595F3F059859ED8B942F170EE4E5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. pantaneira</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6306B12A5322441C6766EDB7AF1DE5A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B829322CF207D2296ABA3F3355D1FD7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C5BB3EDDF68CE4E98E02C8C9C67A1431" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. quatipuru" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuru">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. quatipuru</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="13B316CDB8F2656F6DF2072412238BD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE2531D3B57B27471B9B2B08BAD2F81C" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. quatipuru" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuru">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E6C7C03E55BBB56CADD3C2D0A358E096" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. quatipuru</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="352939D180B72F86772D53D9D75DF88B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BA543D6E57A5118957ECEB8F053BCF49" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BDA949BBFD8B3354A336EA4201402210" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="H." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H." order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="50BA9CA9CFCC8DAAB212851F9BE5D6C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6AC3D7AE4191C8E8936D44508DF84DE1" class="Insecta" genus="H." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H." order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="95D5F24396225DB3609D066B6DFB1FCE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B6EE5BAA57FB40D73F7C340E4EA318B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F0C943CA0095B7401BAE63D6313B78ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="244E3D695143D6906BBFB7422BEC04D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="427A4DC8CDBE991C32C5817E198E92D9" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="84ED5C0B063A4CA8941C666077E0BE0C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the most
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares conspicuous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspicuous">Peltochares conspicuous</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C2236BF66A0733C70E0856C137602EC5" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares conspicuous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspicuous">Peltochares conspicuous</taxonomicName>
|
||||
genera of acidocerines, especially in the New World. The flattened and broadly explanate body shape and concealed labrum, accompanied by granulose surface, long and slender maxillary palps and well-defined elytral serial punctures, are quite unique in the subfamily. The only genus that shares some of these features is
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE435C8395C925DB15901C852E73206D" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="57C1BBC17B15589A3019184D864482DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, except that the latter has short maxillary palps, smooth surface and lacks serial punctures along the elytra. The configuration of the aedeagus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A3E67EE589295DBA0D18CC0812B6DE5D" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Aedeagi of Helobata spp. A, B H. pantaneira (from Clarkson et al. 2016): A dorsal view B lateral view C, D H. quatipuru (Clarkson and Almeida 2018) A dorsal view D lateral view E H. sp. (Ecuador), dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557433" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
|
||||
), in particular the thickness of the lateral lobes of the ventral plate of the median lobe, is also unique among acidocerines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nearctic</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="15C5C2BBC0AD4CF385E088047E251195" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F305F473375E5707636B45A27A91C64B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1938EC9D272027E4AC505E7CE94297AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2714180053554A06486FE1859B64E155" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nearctic</emphasis>
|
||||
: United States (California, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="31998713BB887E1799ECB65E1240F790" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="886F148A9144D449AC0C66EA6852923B" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C89943ACF4B2A10FA6F2789670FADBDA" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Rio de Janeiro, Roraima), Cuba, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="85972AB7CDDFAC616F15337CD6E0AF1D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BD3A7CA981B087074AD2B11DC4968FCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1F398327BAC027255382283DDE0834D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="73C9B8B816034A43926BDA13C8CF2CE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6AB846138CD40942C440CF4FA0353B15" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3980E228C8F658C3901551C6D7B72369" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occur primarily in open habitats with abundant vegetation. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="43C9B70D027604AE853AF4EFB97616AA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="56BED3CF9513621AA642001B675C902C" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED24F8DEEE2FACB6C0A08178130ACA0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are uncommonly encountered and occur in marshes, swamps, and ponds, most often in small numbers, although they are rarely found in modest amounts (dozens of individuals; Short, pers. obs.). According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E72ECC02C1423736294566852279F936" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, they can be found in slow moving creeks or rivers, living among the littoral vegetation or on floating plants. They are attracted to lights. Females have been observed carrying their egg cases attached to the ventral side of their abdominal ventrites (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FF410C90CF4F2357593A88CD69E259C0" author="Archangelsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 207" refId="B4" refString="Archangelsky, M, 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 12 (1): 1 - 207" title="Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia)." volume="12" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B77D68CE5A6AFF6ED1A0FF8EDEE14EF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="842E002B60BD0248E1E959F6E90E8AE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="89F7FC2E97E30107E0E963EE7EE95771" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The larva (first instar) and egg case are only known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="61100A95EFDA66A3E123D8FBABE0C66D" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5D7973E7D1A12C47455B083AF2CBD7AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; these immature stages were described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="413 - 418" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" refId="B281" refString="Spangler, PJ, Cross, JL, 1972. A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85: 413 - 418, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" title="A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" volume="85" year="1972">Spangler and Cross (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FBCBECDF464B3294310C74660547E2E3" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="413 - 418" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" refId="B281" refString="Spangler, PJ, Cross, JL, 1972. A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85: 413 - 418, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" title="A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" volume="85" year="1972">Spangler and Cross (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. A differential diagnosis of the first instar larva was provided by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B112" refString="Fikacek, M, 2003. Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." title="Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." year="2003">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EB39E0D6CBF96ECBA97B662C9B724768" author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B112" refString="Fikacek, M, 2003. Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." title="Commented review of immature stages of World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bachelor Seminar Work, Charles University, Prague." year="2003">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D4175CE8E8FEECD52E54E6747E5986DB" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(2003)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A8A671224AFC82B7A3DD2976AA4BA761" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE3759689D86C4BF1AEE138B3A968213" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="351C801B139E609F2F8E952CE6418CFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
This genus was described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Horn, GH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="118 - 137" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" refId="B172" refString="Horn, GH, 1873. Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13 (90): 118 - 137, https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" title="Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" volume="13" year="1873">Horn (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E0296A0B8A86D7CF521CF3A2AB59C466" author="Horn, GH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="118 - 137" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" refId="B172" refString="Horn, GH, 1873. Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13 (90): 118 - 137, https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" title="Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" volume="13" year="1873">Horn (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4FFDABD14EACD186F6B2171095C8DCAB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2D4E76A8057CBFC63276E24B5D332B93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which was preoccupied by
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0B3923AA1F8C9715990CC1061F0BD4DB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="743D0511DEFDBE9C872289CE53BB1E57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Signoret, 1858 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="88CB545D2A515CA3ECD750A93C0E2ED3" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bergroth, E" journalOrPublisher="Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" refId="B23" refString="Bergroth, E, 1888. Fahraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: e221. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" title="Fahraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: e 221." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" year="1888">Bergroth (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A0CC90EDBBC3E1CE12F9B8CA744622B2" author="Bergroth, E" journalOrPublisher="Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" refId="B23" refString="Bergroth, E, 1888. Fahraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: e221. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" title="Fahraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: e 221." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095" year="1888">Bergroth (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
proposed the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7DF400240C1175464FDDD7C5BBC3D902" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A4FCD66960CB47D30EE6F465C372BECB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a replacement name for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32E3F79C6E72F90286B5A23F2305A1A8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07F636FBD061EE7FDAE47BB4162E2B4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Horn, whereas
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cockerell, TDA" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="240 - 244" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" refId="B44" refString="Cockerell, TDA, 1906a. Preoccupied Generic names of Coleoptera. Entomological News 17: 240 - 244, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" title="Preoccupied Generic names of Coleoptera." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" volume="17" year="1906 a">Cockerell (1906a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FE90B1070881AD8AC314E5C1E445547F" author="Cockerell, TDA" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="240 - 244" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" refId="B44" refString="Cockerell, TDA, 1906a. Preoccupied Generic names of Coleoptera. Entomological News 17: 240 - 244, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" title="Preoccupied Generic names of Coleoptera." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2562995" volume="17" year="1906 a">Cockerell (1906a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
proposed the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltina</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF0540F6CD3B4A23ED2FCD1794A61A62" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3F362FFD0D26078FA1E2C05523D4DEB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FB946E94121E769B3F9BCC2BB40896BA" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7DF537A573E82AA289D5BCC87AADE41F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has priority, so it is the currently valid name for the genus, which was revised by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" publicationUrl="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" refId="B109" refString="Fernandez, LA, Bachmann, AO, 1987. Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 44 (2): 149 - 159, https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" title="Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" volume="44" year="1987">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="47CC311051BB19871972D6CC575061DC" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" publicationUrl="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" refId="B109" refString="Fernandez, LA, Bachmann, AO, 1987. Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 44 (2): 149 - 159, https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" title="Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" volume="44" year="1987">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EBF14D6927CCCA9AA8D0745C2E823246" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Bachmann (1987)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3087DE30EA7C7901A74AEAAB07237BA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A3AD69B5777984ED1B68C31D48437412" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D9A5DE8D237314BF62BBA360C20D65A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are 13 species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="52A227734C13C312730AF939239DB747" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1A5313944256949AA3183DD95121F88B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described to date. The type species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6DE6B98500C8EA3B7306420702DE16FE" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5C8A75867AED78DBD735BB7CA3EB886E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Horn), has generally been known under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata striata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata striata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DF426B4F6A59BFF004D922C69F284672" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata striata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D3FA135396C2F081E6EB6262256D913E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata striata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(originally published as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="461B008DB5B2BCBDBCB8FB7899794302" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08E1404C6D362E613365660A4A9F7631" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EB31C383BB35949512F92718EAEECEE0" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1841: 58, which is a primary homonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="18A00A60572B6C05C0F3F96D3D9CE334" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08EC47C1308F1819B3936562CFE601B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Say, 1825 [now
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Berosus striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7F932CA7623DD7C4CAA16DAE8198C84" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus striatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ACCCAE17F42D3AE61C354E0BCE34A7DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Berosus striatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Say)]; therefore unavailable. The name
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25CC510B734E820BFB6DDAD85FADB4ED" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6776BBDE4299DD4821383F0C6038C894" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Horn) was then reinstated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DE659DF024962DAF101B5095C88FDEF8" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 293). Photos of a syntype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E49DF757C7B9ACA9C95975DA73288ADD" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltis larvalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A2BFB2F50008C5BF8DDB9E57CFB9F171" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltis larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Horn) are available at https://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Ent:101 (accessed 9 January 2021). The external morphology of members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82F26682F14E54BBEC8336CF02D8D2E5" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B5FA1B4E46A6E6B0A749D61FE3B311A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very homogeneous. Some variation can be observed in the shape of the clypeus (e.g.,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="28410A3047B012517FE5EEA091893FEA" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1987;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A42FDB537EEDFCF1EEA205055A90F7E6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="46B829745C31F90934DF5D50464FC7B5" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1DA7F521A3CB88EB0461E1C5839AC846" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only Neotropical genus truly widespread in the New World, as it ranges from southeastern North America, all the way to Argentina and Southern Brazil.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata cuivaum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuivaum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata cuivaum</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="92F74CA2ED9A9A52C48B418636E81830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="28763C2170B6875DAAC5DFA8B16760A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5638AEFA4512ACF3C91D8791B22E6CA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D60116B01A54B18F4A4A43922544339" authorityName="M.Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata cuivaum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuivaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8A2DE9596D3DB5D22F1E70331CBDC5B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata cuivaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="95FE30EC6FE6FE46D80B79DD9E4D8186" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(paratype),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7C670C6F180A785202FF25E7070FA85E" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. larvalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED40C012470E153FE546ADCBF79603B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. larvalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Horn), and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. lilianae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lilianae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. lilianae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CA1BFE547B6BEBFFF88E2FD971721EE7" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. lilianae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lilianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2CD1A38B3198153444F585F03D6D89E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. lilianae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D23CC7992AF34D245E541B4265336F97" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(paratype).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Horn, GH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="118 - 137" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" refId="B172" refString="Horn, GH, 1873. Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13 (90): 118 - 137, https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" title="Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" volume="13" year="1873">Horn 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0930B3A3BBFC9590603DCF419A7AF226" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B8DFB8BB8226CAB06C7EA6933D21D04E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A37643B75AAB6D9DAB33C512ED3A4FB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C28FAAE82C4B1489CD5133938D718015" author="Horn, GH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="118 - 137" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" refId="B172" refString="Horn, GH, 1873. Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13 (90): 118 - 137, https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" title="Revision of the genera and species of the tribe Hydrobiini." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/981607" volume="13" year="1873">Horn 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and the type species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="413 - 418" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" refId="B281" refString="Spangler, PJ, Cross, JL, 1972. A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85: 413 - 418, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" title="A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" volume="85" year="1972">Spangler and Cross 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E1617E57DAC51410B9DD3EE959CE28E3" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="413 - 418" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" refId="B281" refString="Spangler, PJ, Cross, JL, 1972. A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 85: 413 - 418, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" title="A description of the egg case and larva of the water scavenger beetle Helobata striata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34559933" volume="85" year="1972">Spangler and Cross 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: description of egg case and first instar larva;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" publicationUrl="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" refId="B109" refString="Fernandez, LA, Bachmann, AO, 1987. Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 44 (2): 149 - 159, https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" title="Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" volume="44" year="1987">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="23AFE65E1D63AA38E6A0D98EC341CF8E" author="Fernandez, LA" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" publicationUrl="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" refId="B109" refString="Fernandez, LA, Bachmann, AO, 1987. Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 44 (2): 149 - 159, https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" title="Revision del genero Helobata Bergroth (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/36822" volume="44" year="1987">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="05BE0F37A5E2F427DD709292706D171E" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Bachmann 1987
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: review of the genus, description of four new species from Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay;
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="37F00199D1816F30C1E8E5B0E303F364" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2000: three new species from Venezuela;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Makhan, D" journalOrPublisher="Calodema Supplementary Paper" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 3" publicationUrl="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" refId="B210" refString="Makhan, D, 2007. Helobata soesilae sp. nov. and Helobata aschnakiranae sp. nov. from Suriname (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Calodema Supplementary Paper 14: 1 - 3, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" title="Helobata soesilae sp. nov. and Helobata aschnakiranae sp. nov. from Suriname (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" volume="14" year="2007">Makhan 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6409D0E9CB3CB39CA2AFC77B5684A3AD" author="Makhan, D" journalOrPublisher="Calodema Supplementary Paper" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 3" publicationUrl="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" refId="B210" refString="Makhan, D, 2007. Helobata soesilae sp. nov. and Helobata aschnakiranae sp. nov. from Suriname (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Calodema Supplementary Paper 14: 1 - 3, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" title="Helobata soesilae sp. nov. and Helobata aschnakiranae sp. nov. from Suriname (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321107032_Helobata_soesilae_sp_nov_and_Helobata_aschnakiranae_sp_nov_from_Suriname_Coleoptera_Hydrophilidae" volume="14" year="2007">Makhan 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: two new species from Suriname;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2CDBF7C6E166ADC38C5BAA30A5B01868" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="548 - 562" refId="B42" refString="Clarkson, B, Santos, AD, Ferreira-Jr, N, 2016. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 548 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of two new species, new records, and key to species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.6" volume="4126" year="2016">Clarkson et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: two new species from Brazil, review and new country records of Brazilian species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3E13FB94FFC37CB63E6A081CE84999FF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" author="Clarkson, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B43" refString="Clarkson, B, Almeida, LM, 2018. On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e20185835): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" title="On Brazilian Helobata Bergroth, 1888 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II: new distribution data. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (e 20185835): 1 - 6." url="https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.35" year="2018">Clarkson and Almeida 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: new records from Brazil;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="475EE825592845501AC7D7F109A91D69" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,284 +1,284 @@
|
|||
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="929D63F9FC70DB321370095FC6ABB8C5">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4355D775A1EEB0E781B3CA5F02111E13">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74F96E681EBE30B1F2D0FF5D204BC476">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Giron & Short, 2018" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="881C191801B809522A848492F00331DD" ID-CoL="8XM4V" authority="Giron & Short, 2018" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Katasophistes
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="754B87B11F0B194235BDA20C5489AF3A" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2018
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 39</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 40A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BCF757175809975E5EAE9A0709025557" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1A421BD810FD2C134678FE203989C20A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2ED436D377B21A39EEC3D3C062F4396E" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 39</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C51BA252690CC257F20DB6DE0E87AABF" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 40A-D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Katasophistes</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="8E3184D010B205E2B8A737194FB0F773" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0228E6FB171CA37A4658ACDA7D0A388E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="C115636AFA8C96AC4DEC376A32AB1CD7" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Katasophistes</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="51F3A8CF77112047DC0578082F70AADF" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2018: 132.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="39DF70BD77FDAAF97B9A7E6365C4E9AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
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<paragraph id="6F7D4A87BC0A12DA0C8281A4CF454015" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D66B228110913A8C7F68332909CEA602" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes merida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes merida</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="FCAA89D524D486DD41CF9D940F05353A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="0BD71BC341828DD72FCE848B5EA84272" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="09A0BAD2FF6F391F571A00AF4AC614B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="93F065D982E17CF029B51D148BBADA9C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes merida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merida">
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<emphasis id="CFED996C5ED41A33980463428BD978E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes merida</emphasis>
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& Short, 2018: 136; by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="CE9169E38159A82FDF8FAB71E2C5B7D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="140F57E8B36361F38CB1A8B1E8C416D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9FC24C36A274DC928355318D0A683049" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Medium to small beetles, body length 2.7-4.5 mm. Body shape oval to elongated in dorsal view; moderately and evenly convex in lateral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="44FD79E8AACC8732D9E91A3739D13AED" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39</figureCitation>
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). Color orange brown to dark brown, rather uniform along body regions (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BF319AD80BE4BAB05AFC9361BAFDB5A6" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39</figureCitation>
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). Shape of head trapezoid. Eyes relatively small, subquadrate, at most only slightly emarginated anteriorly, moderately projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with strong median anterior depression sometimes limited by low transverse carina; surface of mentum with lateral oblique ridges (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A9B776CF3E5ED36F7973CE0E8D932591" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
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). Antennae with nine antennomeres; cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps moderately long, 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="8BD9521BAEF64C8206AFF61D8A6B2D67" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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to nearly as long as width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 slightly curved near apex, outer margin curved, sometimes strongly, along apical half (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A6A77CFFE3E32B683B555620FB5260CB" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
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). Each elytron with five rows of deep/large systematic punctures; elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins slightly flared; serial punctures absent (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39A, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A2675C0FCF5369761ED83BA81C88FF9A" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39A, D</figureCitation>
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). Prosternum slightly convex to tectiform. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite, with a well-defined, curved transverse ridge; anapleural sutures forming an obtuse angle, separated at anterior margin by distance 0.2-0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="97A0C232A8F8C38E753ABD4AF65A920C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely pubescent, except for large median rhomboid glabrous patch (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="8F8AF6575BD28DF20F85682D204974BC" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row hair-like, semi erect, relatively long and thick. All tarsomeres bearing long apical hair-like setae on dorsal face, and hair-like spines on ventral face of tarsomeres 2-4. Posterior femora glabrous at most along apical third (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="ED24692DC98C40169BA22A606A5EDCE8" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fifth abdominal ventrite apically truncate to slightly emarginate, with fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40A-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7C11F529F3222CFBC3A17F7250DCCCA" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40A-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), nearly parallel sided, with basal piece between 0.5 and 1.1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8ADCF91D949D9C020206806E942E7590" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of parameres; median lobe wider than each paramere, gradually narrowing apically, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares conspicuous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspicuous">Peltochares conspicuous</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB860FE21F9562E4AC69E2B8B9454402" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares conspicuous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspicuous">Peltochares conspicuous</taxonomicName>
|
||||
median longitudinal sclerotization, and well-developed lateral basal apodemes; apex of median lobe acute; parameres nearly as long as median lobe, with apical setae; gonopore preapically situated.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 39" startId="F39">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 39.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="08B48F0394E63102D17D7A837BD7A4DB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 39" startId="F39">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FA36F0C315B48D07893789033FEAD383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E7DF8AA653175F50DC0013B5F2DE42CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 39.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F5F9A47EB9415B479EFBBA302C5ACA31" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6A91BF917F3C0894CF0295EFF6C921B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6ADFD9A67370BFD279F953076723715A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="28468AA24983CDA0AE533E61535D7890" lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A1DDDEC024640AF16C77FFC53759D4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="880BD599C1B6C2D17AE44712DB99C564" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3127EC98024AD7ED4FCCB26B27F6A26E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="13CE9F00C186BBE45DDDC5C37FB56C54" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. superficialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="superficialis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. superficialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="357960BD15CFD69585D00B0261658360" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="09F59E705ADF43BBB054CA0C499C1E2F" lsidName="K. superficialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="superficialis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="02376DE611C9BF85F392FA28183528D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. superficialis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B296B19505D8FB82834D8923E73C677D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="74DC4537D6550F3236DD61E9C7ACF85D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F972491504BFA749A3A5D8A27186237E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 40.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="317600F1816E404FEB359E914BC6C39C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D601D25253C690912A9D6AC489DBED3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="555AD25864D988FEA2FE168305DD242D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 40.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F1CD9BFA4F9E64314F2B13B05C931C17" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="83826A1DCFD55EE440BE34D767216D52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="228B32700207A6FA9F4879A3D5E8BFD8" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="71C1B3EDD60AA93E2498E038C1AD390C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. charynae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="charynae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. charynae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="904A6F332BB09196AA9809A1039BEB6A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1CB0F036D2943F5BAD3DE2976634B108" lsidName="K. charynae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="charynae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1DBE3A20DC422768EC713434B8D8BD27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. charynae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. cuzco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cuzco">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. cuzco</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DD5B18220F1CD37B5E02A7370CA7CF6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9E5C3B37445D1600FD76CC770C3040E9" lsidName="K. cuzco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cuzco">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED3733DD168B535CA37583568E15B811" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. cuzco</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8F48F0B67E59DD04FA8497D0D5FB5922" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A397EE0AFDF4398FF050495BE39EA687" lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D38C43C6BB4C1286DFB6BE0F6AC782EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. superficialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="superficialis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. superficialis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FED3ACE025751AFBE58EBFF6256B3E9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="06467BE304E218F91170FE13FEFDD807" lsidName="K. superficialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="superficialis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="745EB4E07E42494A595AED739E84725C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. superficialis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2F69AF32CFF72D71EEB0774E36DD0276" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CA984344B4C36AED893AE05694CF48D8" lsidName="N. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07B2A013AE5D59F14E8E6E5C0663D115" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. hesperus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hesperus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. hesperus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="215016A8CCBCC9293B3D11FE676FA874" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BEC1448293F26880787BA324120E39E4" lsidName="N. hesperus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hesperus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B0BF2C8AD6C19BF50737511FBD7D5467" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. hesperus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. castaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="castaneus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. castaneus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D1FCDBB3A5C3DD44DFED3CEEEAB9C7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9D1AE96D2E2E8A7A87070ED3EEAFB240" lsidName="N. castaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="castaneus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9D087B8F605EFF2D8266CEADD5E47104" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. castaneus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. punctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="40D3A5BCB54858E75F19EA26D7A934EB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="86A46335C9E111AB8315C90779684CCB" lsidName="N. punctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C093BCBE058F410956140B03582CF616" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="28CD659F4800BDDC29840908A93A2D50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1A64E08B8959D53503DAAA312BC48441" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-H</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4A6D04D334FC85DF314DC5FE7C52DE92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="00B5FFA015AB849D90950872FFC49B00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="452CDEA953DAA0A5BEAF961C1088B8A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
At first glance
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2A8EE084AC4B265067A1126056B2ED3E" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="54D7B3552BF12E5355B8B1474C7797D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may appear similar to some species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E95B81CAB401B5FD51C9D585BECBF0C3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E409926D9FA19C32EFF1CF4A2DA3C221" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, however the lack of sutural striae easily separates the two. The enlargement of the rows of elytral systematic punctures is also rare within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9709DD4C9161E8E6F8B9282376F4821" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(found in some
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AF3F13DB21370430437B5D24A675CBC0" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="144250C33CCC9066AD48FEAC95124F1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83514F126BD158E7A838EBFD05164A30" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9E01E7D6DB54FB6EFE770AA8F8028D88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and will separate it from New World
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="40F42D5916C47650A4E9799F7681CA0A" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F12C12555968412C9C2B34DC68BB62C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with which it may also be confused.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="91A3DD7941026A5279ED22582967487E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8DA655D7066873B2B71FE32D076289F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="15997888BE5210B40D9070B490AA037F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EE459DF2A49C27CB9919526F5C83869F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AB2C405F405F93AC5ED37D3483E12DAB" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1EF10ACBDD88BA2BAC6E0B881E0F0E1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3F98C4B666AB7F9E28C46FF4255272A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="67862A30966E59D8869CE455C6DA65FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
One species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="23BB4F52F11C955BEC9117F968F3EA69" lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="67CA5434CF1BC735E2BA11350923B7E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) is known from seepages in the Venezuelan Andes. The other described species are known from forested stream pools with abundant detritus in Ecuador and Peru.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="27F27C17393B084842292DF3167CEE99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6FE927A889D72AC77868D0E2A646794B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F0E6C43515F240DF34E00442680D62F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="06557DD0396B2F70CE86E870A6D7DE31" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A3E2754205D9D3B92D673C2B847033AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="047C4BD721CEB2FBC6F4CDE0CE0FFFD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECAAE036A0B084353137DDC1A9431867" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F91D0F7745796D739E7EFD4210D04A4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was only recently described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9299BB863442A1FF36782D4BCD0FB2B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="97E946B844DCB720DAC36DFE87EA05C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ACCC8481741E8168B02B47E1E680765C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
There are four known species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A78546DD5E7B4CB8B69B90A8A0B9086F" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C79877D58BBC8610D78701C9581E43C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, all of them from Andean or Andean-adjacent localities.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were available for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6A6559F7929E40762859752F88227538" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="004875ED35B1F21D908E5A1F22FD3C9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="01AB8C5851958B582B8DDE2D541ED834" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were available for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
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<subSubSection id="F5C0CB88677F2A6D52494EB4244B3F79" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5C2071035E33562FEA2F8B5440383743" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="14B7BE9C76AAD295A6B8CBA3D83689B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8E9AEBA41552D8C50A2447335DE5C607" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
|
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<normalizedToken id="7F032CAAC478130126560101AC620E9D" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
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and Short 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and all its known species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="58CCDE0A07D2D3172E7A2F7832E804EF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,212 +1,212 @@
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="results">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B8136D6F704C9A23DBC94DEE71C425A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B8136D6F704C9A23DBC94DEE71C425A1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSection id="1CCF780A92360CEA1A6D1C911D93D1B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="results">
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<treatment id="B8136D6F704C9A23DBC94DEE71C425A1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B8136D6F704C9A23DBC94DEE71C425A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B8136D6F704C9A23DBC94DEE71C425A1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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<subSubSection id="087C732075C7205015EDADDC6C217128" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8C9BFBED41A83F7DF17FB24B6759BAEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Spangler, 1981" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Troglochares Spangler, 1981</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 56</figureCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7F878105CF44F6A663A166A5FC41F168" ID-CoL="8XQJG" authority="Spangler, 1981" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Troglochares Spangler, 1981</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EA46011F2B18A4E9E43EA5537300DC6C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="540F46A6BF395E11D8E3DEDC91C9FE08" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 56</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Troglochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5CDCE182F82F3E9CD5DEF93E6C2888C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8C15EA177E915AEFA19723FEEB4CB390" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B509C78F72954D2A3B851AD717A1D1D6" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Troglochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler, 1981a: 316.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="01619F88FE7D596537F60A6335143EC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C4720837F10D881A76FBC095859B04EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D2B829EB2E7CA4AFDF8131D3FBD88691" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares ashmolei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares ashmolei</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="34BCAF776E4E1905536F1B69938FBBA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9C64ABA1FCE37EBB5C9E717E037DB704" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D4C2DBDDCA2AD345318645D95DC956F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A99F41F4C9C9351EAE10DC527BE93FDC" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares ashmolei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F22A55095566E054A863FCDFBCEE7C04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares ashmolei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler, 1981a: 318; by original designation and monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7E330BC17E0055CC3F79E9AD99C9FEA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AC8C8F35D51E7037F604E4F3A9D345E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5E57B606CAB3829FECE4B9E4FADD52AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, body length 1.9 mm. Body shape oval in dorsal view; moderately convex in lateral view (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DB5C5E7F8A11DAFD526EACE79DAA4933" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 39). Color yellowish light brown; ground punctation extremely shallowly marked. Shape of head somewhat oval. Eyes absent (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="39AADFC7EFD7510A395B6D7E7EDFA800" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Clypeus trapezoidal, with anterior margin broadly emarginate, with medial region of emargination nearly straight (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="29BAD7AEE4E21AC2C3A455EBA21237D6" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labrum fully exposed, convex. Mentum rather smooth and antero-medially depressed; median anterior depression broad. Antennae with nine antennomeres (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9A37C9346FAEA3ADF4758812E5FC52F4" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 3); cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps slender, nearly as long as width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin curved along apical third; maxillary palpomere 3 slightly shorter than 4. Prosternum non carinate, slightly convex. Elytra without sutural striae; ground punctation fine, shallow; outer margins slightly flared (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B0E5C82A0A8BABD8BCD84FA03332ED33" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with curved, transverse ridge (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="046BDF898530E6ACE90376A2F326ADC7" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 8); anapleural sutures concave, separated at anterior margin by distance 0.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A71D1295D3E87BFB6EC3CC1B697FB3FD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely pubescent except for median short and narrow posterior glabrous patch; metaventrite short (nearly as long as first abdominal ventrite;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F90A3949387E6CFEAE62E70CF151FAB7" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 8). Protibiae with spines of anterior row long; apical spurs of protibiae moderately slender, reaching apex of protarsomere 2; metatarsomeres 2-4 slightly decreasing in size; metatarsomere 5 nearly as long as 2-4 combined. Posterior femora densely covered by hydrofuge pubescence along basal 2/3 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A0774FE89B87991CBCC208F254C90D4C" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 8). Fifth abdominal ventrite apically truncate, without stout setae (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="835D9AEE592A4EA4DF46CA5734AB0603" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 9).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 56" startId="F56">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 56.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="4A51137DF53B99A2FB283317865141C6" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 56" startId="F56">
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||||
<paragraph id="49593901DDD343636BF822EC66077DD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B28DD88A782BFF8321F2D319F173BD39" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 56.</emphasis>
|
||||
Holotype and labels of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares ashmolei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares ashmolei</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="955E519662E6F8626F683B305E532737" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares ashmolei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08F9F2223AA29262359484374706164A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares ashmolei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="031CB0397E044AEBAD88BE4E82776032" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
mount of holotype
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D76FD2F49BB6C4C32E50F3BE0A301043" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
head, dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F23E62FBB6276C48B71EDEDBCB469F30" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
labels.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5D27F49D4103E1519C3CD59A85C0CD78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D11E4750C2549C1563B90BC7BF267934" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C98D2CE553905BF1289B71D5B00C7993" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C2E0B596F830A6D2B35F1166CBF7903" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2C8589EB83FE9A0512F312397CF806B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only genus of acidocerines (and Hydrophilids) lacking eyes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="02C90C2B108CA9171344962780944E16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="078667F55B6FA1F375DD823FB34BB641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3816B84BE10826BB4B1051112436F0A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2B6F1E0E51E475AF837D9C7D6FD6C0B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Ecuador; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3241465A5B680F8481788C4A499EC019" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3D9EE0E30844AA12EAE2F72E3368B083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="81F99972D6DEBBD69A53E0F43CFE045A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3304C3CF8AFE90481235E0AC943262D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The only known specimen was collected in a cave on calcite formations and is presumably aquatic (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="032ABAB65851281AC6BC9F378A243350" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E7A0ABA96397A3D58DCEAB92D6B92B0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="00622AC8C08C9A7F864657A74F6A6F53" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="698872F902DD892ED2372D98FAE61DD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The immature stages are unknown for
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6820C98165E429CDA891DAF76C1E5CB3" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="29CAA80530BB7BB39208D2C4672CF3E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="18734C212EC332B0C65DCB661D52F794" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="197DF770CE31BA91C1EEC21C01C43A78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1FAE9205AA197A5229A935A71A2138CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The genus and its only known species were described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler (1981a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1246DAE4B3A1A1B85A0CDB73097AAECB" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler (1981a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="54C02C2C7A5113181A9E2EB2D5F470FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E3BBFC5C6626F0C1F1BB4339ADECFD33" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6A1DD445E1AC0F2EF37BB962C2249788" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The genus is only known from a single female specimen, which is pin-mounted in pieces (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="08AE53A86D2484C0E802B4A06D1DCD1F" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Holotype and labels of Troglochares ashmolei A mount of holotype B head, dorsal view C labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This species was not included in the molecular phylogeny by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D0A947E0E4143AD90FE973CCF41E54D0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Its assignment to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C28CE9B9A9524484BB6F18E4954B26" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C012293F56C9378B3F984F608A8D0DCF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group is based primarily on its tiny size (excluding the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BD303981D4D563DBCBADB099FA69049E" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B66F9C864B1B77B4810EFEF490A8B367" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group), presence in the Neotropical region (excluding the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C15B581ED8864E5809CC18EA39E8B8A" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="511089E736C580FB013A9EC68C4D81A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group), and lack of a sutural stria (excluding the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="616238B89D0BD236DB579E2A65B0DD0D" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC1B8F665E7242346724818195DFD75F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="315A4354AAEE635A8CA859905492ECA1" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CD0B8C7D46C66C5A32E522136EC30462" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
groups).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7F831D1E06E02C96EE3D96CFB244FB5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A7C191585F449447EE83B9811A849857" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4367C0FF78574FA3E21418C63CCA75A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The holotype specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares ashmolei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares ashmolei</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F404E171F68BE86B8321C310CB629DBD" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglochares ashmolei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmolei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75621F4BC28660B80D3FAA2479E1F1CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Troglochares ashmolei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler was examined.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E8F7E50F3AB6CB0A71014E107962E66C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C5E33AF67424294DED46769882FDBAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2EBB00D973D380E073354386F1284E0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="490370E80D36B4414C0F4A4F8D583A5C" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="316 - 323" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" refId="B279" refString="Spangler, PJ, 1981a. A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83 (2): 316 - 323, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" title="A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657" volume="83" year="1981 a">Spangler 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: morphological affinities discussed in a phylogenetic context.
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</paragraph>
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Genus
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Helopeltarium
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, 1943
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 37I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 38</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="4CBC793D4BCF13D279C27BF5654DD487" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BE2C5D7B0C8BC5C80E4F5564F66F340D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B35FB83D00342EC74626421471242993" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D07EBD19995A41218A7498C8E91D13B0" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 37I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AE4FCF51EDB9D5CA5B34E5C9CEC61BE4" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 38</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="B40DC5556485E706F2016C2A0697FDDE" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helopeltarium</taxonomicName>
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, 1943f: 9.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0BEF85C4651ABB1800BD0BE92494E9E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31E6277669C405972903D499B3AD739E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium ferrugineum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium ferrugineum</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5F2B98157FBC2206892ECC1ACCD93464" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CF82FEF0787BD5509C093D3876064EBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AC761349A0ED52D827C818CFA3E396D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74CFF0DA8C5E13088E36ACF0A3CFB05F" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium ferrugineum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9E78893D7B5D9C4DD1BA27EA13C0CC28" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium ferrugineum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="53DF22D79B2AD6E875DA444DB1ACA1CD" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1943f: 10; by original designation and monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1ED24843EAEAF36C9A6A021BFB515CF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AAD3362D45794A8FDFE24DD6FA5E464A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="25C82DAFDF77D57B9EF03CD5E45295A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small beetles, body length nearly 3.5 mm. Body broadly oval and explanate in dorsal view, rather flat in lateral view, with dorsal outline nearly straight along median region (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D62EDECD48AEE66AAA7198AD37D966BA" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface smooth (without granulations or reticulations), with ground punctation strongly marked. Body orange brown, slightly paler along margins (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="66AD2CD08C2E7B6E99820BD10DF6A5CB" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Shape of head somewhat trapezoid. Anterior corners of frons extended laterally and posteriorly, emarginating anterior margin of eyes. Eyes relatively small, with anterior margin markedly emarginate in lateral view, in dorsal view not projecting from outline of head. Clypeus laterally expanded in front of eyes; anterior margin of clypeus slightly emarginate. Labrum concealed under clypeus. Mentum with surface obliquely striate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4748471953F819A1F7EEC623959BB655" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres, cupule strongly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps short and moderately stout, hardly 3/4 as long as width of head; maxillary palpomere 4 nearly as long as palpomere 3; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin curved along apical half (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="47C77D04673EE5E6084B3E1FED7D88FD" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Elytra without sutural striae, broadly explanate laterally, serial punctures absent, ground punctures sharply marked, densely and uniformly distributed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8ACE032C8376CA2E6D601083CF78B41B" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Prosternum slightly convex, not carinate medially (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9F6791B688E2A96962BB85CFBD4849C5" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite only bulging (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C50C5C75B35BFF82868F31F6E287F551" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anapleural sutures only slightly concave, separated at anterior margin by distance similar to anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite uniformly covered by hydrofuge pubescence (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1C5C67032069CE20994E7813AC1861AA" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row long, thick, and semi-erect; apical spurs of protibiae stout, extending to apex of protarsomere 2. Metafemora without distinct tibial grooves; hydrofuge pubescence covering basal 3/4 of anterior surface of metafemora (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CD16A027340462110193790F298308F7" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Habitus of Helopeltarium ferrugineum A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tarsomeres 2-4 ventrally densely covered by setae; metatarsomere 1 much shorter than 2; metatarsomere 5 nearly as long as metatarsomere 2 or 3 and 4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically emarginate, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus tubular (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F80D812E858C507E55391974A8DB555F" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Aedeagi A-H Helochares spp.: A H. sp. (Guinea) B H. tristis C H. nr. cresphontes D H. nr. tatei E H. sp. (India, Goa) F H. sp. (Vietnam) G H. politus H H. songi (from Jia and Tang 2018, fig. 48) I Helopeltarium ferrugineum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37I</figureCitation>
|
||||
); distal region of each paramere diverging; apex of parameres rounded; basal piece nearly half as long as parameres; median lobe broad, apically tapering to rounded tip; gonopore not clearly visible.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 38" startId="F38">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 38.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="A337FBF67F0167E7B8F5231CF3F9022B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 38" startId="F38">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A21426FADEC80663A2D957EBA23C69F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0BAE1342448B488832813AE5A504950A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 38.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium ferrugineum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium ferrugineum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="76A6025DEF20BD0BD421B3DB9723973C" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium ferrugineum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5E5346AE9750F840A2B26E32DF28517F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium ferrugineum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E09FF5C38ABEB01F8F8A04097F86A37E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D5A3BD6B2A104D80745A6693B326B389" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="09C5EF7EC56FF99B3E29C07A6C2E8136" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FBCD3A95318A75AADEDE694B5CAFBAAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="390765F0FBABDFD06BF8D3013D17BA33" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="75C37721822230AEEB7A8A8C46DEAD16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="35554F4F7D59185C8D553F40D41A02FB" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="48A47F4B4D204A500EAF81FD69C4F1F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a very unique appearance within acidocerines. The flattened and broadly explanate body shape and concealed labrum, accompanied by smooth surface, short and stout maxillary palps, lacking elytral serial punctures is unique in the subfamily. It may appear like a very small
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="80229E34AB9738F4C809BBE4730CE2F7" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="23D610CA87CFFF1A43E06DAAB1CB1B2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but besides geographic origin, the lack of serial punctures, smooth surface and short maxillary palps sets
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE0EB5134B91DE8197AE2FF2137F9C6F" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0FFDD56E1779CC61555D7473F813C9CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
apart very easily. The configuration of the aedeagus in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E3998284AA83BC91E12F06F27489B35" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="01C35A6862F2BB340EC6E4E6696EE034" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, is very similar to that of some
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D974368A2DC36916833C08925DA5BC8" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="643608495843E03C9510ECF48F0AC317" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but the external morphology alone allows for its immediate recognition.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indo-Malayan</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A906F4D4B2B7066A6841681E282AA89F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FAA2CE4CD5C4412549F136111155AA1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E2151C6FDFD2410D16D2D93D21BEED2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EECFE17CAF9C430C57D009FB9412C739" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indo-Malayan</emphasis>
|
||||
: Myanmar (formerly Burma); Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60473A8C17B9CD971EA353422377DC3F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There is no natural history information available for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2D5F42C90241B35B76532C6F6E61FD4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="95C7C72849124006B153F1A751D47009" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E52F842DA55AB346B71D3419F6C79C58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There is no natural history information available for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="863480971934C9670D6B08850F9F2C07" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="815ED91CFE65D446FB738FD5CFE25FDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0AA1FA7C758CD278CFC6F2B67CACBC80" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Immature stages are not known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="43AB2A2379B8C5C1B15EDE7E518FC8C0" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CE33D88D495E05D203B56E711084391F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0ABDED246375CE20927E65D761600D0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="85BD185D030A4B85AD2E367014DDC5BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7372C75E8D438EC6F456FF424A79114D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Originally described by
|
||||
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|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EE05CE193F785997207E883E0F5AAB9F" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
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<normalizedToken id="171AAC4C65C57650BF8BA2265A24A45D" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
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(1943f
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 9). Redescribed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AE1F5549A8D819AC41F394361F441151" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2B6D2CF41C653A33F6203DD772B9923B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC7C2F93B252A979899FCA1F1002EBF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0D33C8EF56E86C417063DB1F2C58F6A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
In the original description,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A9773D1D552BE3DF87A0CAF25E9A2DC8" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AA9F929EEB938F217C458A9FAF51EA5E" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1943f)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
compared
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B527B040BBF5A96A235E9A5525728CA0" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7ADBD2683E95F1CA74A3C32A13CC57F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="99AA3014DF59CE54FBB605524DC05960" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helobata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="25E32C7203DAB7C1BFEB445ABA4168A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helobata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. As far as we know, the genus is only known from two syntype specimens of the only known species. This genus was not included in the molecular phylogeny by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D4295C2A6B6AE11F2E9FCB025E81B8BF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Its assignment to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8E5925096F8ECF2D45D664CA6AC5E3A8" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A1B027589FE1EDC5E5033625EA6A8398" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group is primarily based on the form of the aedeagus, as well as its distribution in the Old World. Indeed, the genitalia is very similar to those found in some clades of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5A2001B4585AF9F592C384B03048C295" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FBDF545D0567925477646D46A2A6B6EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and it would not be surprising to us if
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Helopelatarium" lsidName="Helopelatarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopelatarium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="214AC575C5743A811472292C37959D67" genus="Helopelatarium" lsidName="Helopelatarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="446CE24A56E7D9920C74D7FF1FEDD774" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopelatarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is eventually found to be sister to or nested within
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="99D6107F854263695AB04074B0AE9D46" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E19E2D2C472298C467E073A09AAE8FA1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6A26FC2D420CCEE6E653E900FC2BAB91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC1C34718815D61B45F70E2BC0CC3010" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DE23F64FF27732D5B91B03222657A40E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Syntypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium ferrugineum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium ferrugineum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2CC969AC6D32DF246D2783B608E7DBED" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helopeltarium ferrugineum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF019ADBF59313164FB4B9051264135F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helopeltarium ferrugineum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="46A93BB74D9E3A963DF69BA68BDAF87A" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="22A5FA54E0BFE9BBCB55C2C1A44F536E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="94A74B9BE8C9FBD8F5736E83D72985A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7DACA6A2325D8582D3A544A38FF443FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="72F5142D284C5BE9E7E8AEF45380A26B" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B86" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1943f. Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): 1 - 12" title="Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI." volume="19" year="1943 f">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="628013A3F1610E772A203034DDD70014" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1943f
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 9: original description;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="12B2EABDF9D5DEA8FA5A5AA3270010F9" author="Hansen, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologiske Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B139" refString="Hansen, M, 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1 - 367" title="The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="40" year="1991">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149: redescription;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="87170A134012EE72E8AC065987A0C4D0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic position and affinities discussed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,289 +1,289 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2490D949DD4C8C2C975F103DB5F16B8E">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C69561D83D5A1955EC8FB2B3DA424950">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="60FF5CEB9DC822B7CA0AD3B8554A67C8" type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9D672A85ADEB46BD9E27D33C8FEE2E1A">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5AB93CB896D6A574027FA8A9A99F90FC">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959264" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CBBF4016F7853CE690B58F1281F3EB70" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CBBF4016F7853CE690B58F1281F3EB70" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="CBBF4016F7853CE690B58F1281F3EB70" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959264" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CBBF4016F7853CE690B58F1281F3EB70" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CBBF4016F7853CE690B58F1281F3EB70" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Giron & Short, 2019" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="B608C40A90B80F9F839B5073C8274E3C" ID-CoL="8XJT5" authority="Giron & Short, 2019" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Aulonochares
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="701D3066255238CBCC0EE7E0A75B2CF4" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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& Short, 2019
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 22A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="28D3011F41F6D4CC75F0EF0B4CF58ED1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1D</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="49879A4B1B9221D93AECC238500234EB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="52C8EFE39B81C737F3DD59B9134E31E8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="D8F545E136FBDD07044DF6B8D525A4E5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="DAFEA08F17F6476F192246FEC99D586A" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="702E8BBBBB0F13B2BA46267AD079C4DD" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 22A-C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aulonochares</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E180B5ECBFA26ECB3376FAE4F8F963BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
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<paragraph id="863509247C99C9C8A60312B4BD48C04F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31B5C407ECDC5B4CAFBE9DE9A37FC200" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aulonochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CF77C58D88B15DD50F513891F432EE82" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short, 2019: 112.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CBDB76AD5EE5EDC788F79A94DC876928" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C59B562D7B046947D7BCBB62CFE4B110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FCA3953E018697778384D9A81DE364A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares tubulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="15C8A72548F00D95D025E31A1200AD50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
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<paragraph id="D3F1E0D7227CFC0915DDA9EAA31B8AE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="641E7DEB5F732C6E7CCEB09C56F0130B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17AA1B3227F716CCD5E0204BDBF8E816" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares tubulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0BBF09CA0D9F6D1D1FA7607453B3AF6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4FC3E5CD54251129537097928FF4D2AA" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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||||
& Short, 2019: 120; by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1989ED3CE8B060315D306A9F1FABB097" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DB13BF436B43E5CE2F950ED0C21CEB0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="09E72054B7114AFD6B460759E8941EEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Medium sized beetles, total body length 5.8-7.5 mm. Body shape elongated oval in dorsal view; weakly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F6066B845D1C32276A772B8C8C8FEBD0" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Color orange brown to dark brown; ventral surface covered with rather long golden setae, especially on abdominal ventrites, and more densely so (with shorter setae) on surface of femora. Head subquadrate in dorsal view, seemingly constricted at anterior margin of eyes (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FE4F003A2436CD10485EB94B058F4C0A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes relatively small, separated by distance nearly 6.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A57A551D021944B35EDEB71047809CA7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the maximum width of an eye (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4383B2079FCD914D53C702D4DCAE14AD" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Clypeus with lateral margins nearly parallel, slightly convex, with anterior margin only slightly narrower than posterior margin (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0573A9FA3BCB731659DFA4A8F78BB7BA" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labrum fully exposed. Mentum and submentum roughly punctate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2F0D8C10C51C0B97983A65D8C942961C" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres, with cupule slightly asymmetrical and round in outline. Maxillary palps long, nearly 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C594E4A0CAF211B21C5B61FAB9DAB941" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than maximum width of head, with inner and outer margins of maxillary palpomere 2 evenly curved (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AC6CAC9A16AFCB305F0A322A9C595E74" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pronotum with ground punctation shallow and uniformly sparse. Elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins slightly flared; serial punctures, ground punctures and systematic punctures similar in size, shallowly impressed. Surface of prosternum flat (slightly carinate only along midline of antero-mesal projection of anterior margin). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite simple, without carinae or ridges; anapleural sutures concave, anteriorly converging, anteriorly separated by distance nearly 0.3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1C8B8CCB3CBC695810A9B4F9F8D3CBBA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as wide as anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely and uniformly pubescent. Protibiae with spines of anterior row very small and appressed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C40502A8FAFD3B45AF1152C6B4DBCD0E" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); apical spurs of protibiae very short (not exceeding the length of the first tarsomere) and stout. Hydrofuge pubescence covering most surface of metafemora (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D2944DE482755E9768D1277DFE11A07D" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Habitus of Aulonochares spp. A-C A. tubulus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D A. lingulatus, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ventral face of tarsomeres 1-4 densely covered by stiff setae. Apex of fifth abdominal ventrite strongly emarginate; emargination fringed by stout setae. Aedeagus tubular (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="777B976A07517242F4F727CF338BBDB7" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), somewhat cylindrical, with parameres forming a 5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F675A6F629F586352ABB07B5F0655B8F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than wide tube; basal piece very short and strongly concave; gonopore reduced, located at apex of median lobe.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="4AA8C32B06FE1BE485CCF5502431158E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="758ECE7CD7B0ACC7A808E031F96F4DA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C66B2A5038056D077301F44884416AC3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="18F61260ACF79B782388D9579CCF85DB" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B705A77149363F97564FDC06E640E97E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7E281CCBE083168DAE434B362B4CAE08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1AB868456878D1FA147A894D5E496406" lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E911FC4BF617DFA66F3FBAA71A1E137" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5A2F749C345A7C2D26C628F2BD4A4D9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4000BC23774F2C3A2F0E139DBAA0D14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5348D019ABB115CCFC57544522888A20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. lingulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lingulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. lingulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2610DD4E261FC4955243973C514DACEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C53A11D628CFBB3577EEC6EE7F1B23D" lsidName="A. lingulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lingulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C2366A26069DDB723FB0EA1CB212569" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. lingulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="2BD1E7687ECC56BDEF9E4A287B81C24B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
|
||||
<paragraph id="50E033CD9268284FED3C8477DB50675A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="84D5D38B7294DCB398185E07F0655766" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC113D3B29984E483CC878B47130A143" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B53B7FF2837801A92E980B59B0A4B2C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="40329409922C4E4D4901D85132587252" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Batochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Batochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E7C581060FD2E7A84973E688CDF613EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="605F48AC9A9BF643323C7B02FD2DB4D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3051D8BF2642C3476C6EB9AFEFB1AEA1" lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B103EB93E72EBF033853F6FD6341EFD0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. novoairensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="novoairensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. novoairensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD33A8995C6C6D78D9B61722F0CCFDA6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E22F045FD6EBBF79EB4A9E846A258AE2" lsidName="A. novoairensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="novoairensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DC8CFBA9152A01B8E7EFFC25B0E8D6D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. novoairensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. lingulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lingulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. lingulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3DFD227C9BF9B0B150923DF360DED249" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="59F4FAC24DC7F487263EEEE28420FE0B" lsidName="A. lingulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lingulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1B27CDD062F48AC75FEAA0255D2EAAA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. lingulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="86377326F40D64A3078DE253899D6DE8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DE0A4AC715989E754908E9299783765F" genus="B." lsidName="B." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F96A4463666C50F35519FC060600AC7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DB6E5B4B020E7DB0A3C41936A5CCA8B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="49821131ABBAF8FD110FAEC593331FA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7538FB26E99AC0B11F650F772686F4C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B11C654045F3E8168BA6FDC769E6DB80" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A954A0D3DEAAEF77834B5EB9C2A7153" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be easily mistaken with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C72F49302290E43A32A17288E503DD31" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F5D37224B552EA47DC4A5803A9F9172F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the New World, and the two genera can be collected together. The subquadrate shape of the head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2E7F27537BA8B0CCEB4E741F1DDBFD55" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
; as opposed to trapezoid as in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="50C3607983297435CBC4385436508FC1" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11G</figureCitation>
|
||||
), the roughly punctate mentum, the long setae composing the ventral pubescence of the abdominal ventrites, ventrally densely setose tarsomeres, along with the tubular shape of the aedeagus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="151FA5B813D8032A8E3C02EE44F2D78D" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Aedeagi of Aulonochares and Batochares spp. A A. tubulus B A. novoairensis C A. lingulatus D B. sp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) are very distinctive and uniquely combined in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9EA9306F8B4B94B40D5B119A707853C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="95727B55F4EE8C81722579CC82386F84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
among Neotropical acidocerines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="043FBABE219370ECF292BB6FF14DA8D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0219A3B53D0A490E33B81196295297A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0487E3D7AE63013207B424DE48556023" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="53076EF006F98189CD6CA5D30B372F3E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (Amazonas, Roraima), French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9DDCEBAFAE30DABA5B5ADF801EED903E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C2358B1A0DBCB1D9CA23D3AC1CFEA491" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="19D5BA4AE67AD32539FF903AD613603C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3177557D4FDE7923A05B7C673BB94944" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E2829CDC54FA38C1AB147B48F4A1FA01" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="27770CEA544C210E355BB9F26EDEF78D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been collected in densely forested sandy streams and detrital pools in forests along creeks. They seem to prefer habitats with abundant detritus or decaying organic matter. Females of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5E862157FD4B1FCD544C5A2E9C1553DE" lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8A7623E86C59264EF5A7688586E985BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. ligulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ligulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. ligulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BD37ED03A8E1D37181B5766FEA1E3374" lsidName="A. ligulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ligulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3A469B01E7DAEABFACD1FEE685EDD7D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. ligulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been observed carrying their egg cases underneath their abdomen (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="205867760AF722A25FBCE60AA935ACAA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="077B715EA59ED02F4FBF091559E98540" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; pers. obs.).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4833DCB865AC5B3024D3F2FBD4D1F87D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E06EFB2EA3820128EB389776F91D1D68" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F5B99EB510F3FD0ECE6DDE1A36F8973D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="27D18D306CC3B08A31545D304CE70BFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="655EC299FAC15829837A8E5E8101C0DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8DFB54086920C330A03779134E521B24" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Recently described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="44643882F7473CF26FDBD2241FB514FF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EA3B9205B2D3AFEE0EA06E85B494CFBF" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short (2019)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B90B87A99520C65B952BC84EEE53C59E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B99E7BBC23F298F1BF432A06E32FB02" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F019F552CC6C04C64F75BB068F926B64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Only three species are known for the genus (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1AD268F2AD6CA4DC19DBEC6480043333" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D7CABE040683C1D8F8E8DB65B9022F41" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares lingulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lingulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares lingulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="14199F4C300F6B32901BC10F02662BF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B88F2BD34E285CF97E66B87E9472798" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F076057DE706F3EEE77F98BFBB5542EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1444F3C952043E4FF1ED2CCAED1BDBA3" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Aulonochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonochares lingulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lingulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B9FB57672122C5AF9A5585F0DCB516E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aulonochares lingulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D35A0426BA1BF4183921533801A1CD82" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. novoairensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="novoairensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. novoairensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC95BB734D36F70007F4D77C99EE0FF2" lsidName="A. novoairensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="novoairensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F927E25257C34E510AFD320D3A3D509E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. novoairensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="01D17AE8162F5E52211B9E2F2E5366C0" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED4E379897F1218B48B613C3354C0472" lsidName="A. tubulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tubulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C4CE5DB73AF1FAADB996488F370AB557" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tubulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EBBE3B38AC810CEC94AA85239D97E9FD" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short. Holotypes and paratypes of all three species were available for this study. We have not seen any specimens of the genus from outside the Guiana Shield region of South America.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C73C3FDC2909A50ADB76C5E97C92B71B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2273DDDA43ED99187889DFDA8707E37A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC903DF9E8EF9652EE1525E2E17F08F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B687414BDE8CE281CA5B7B1CE9DA964A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
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and Short 2019
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: original description of the genus and all its currently known species;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="D1A4601AB887F05C84533BBF5118BCA4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: phylogenetic placement.
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</paragraph>
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Genus
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Primocerus
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& Short, 2019
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1R</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 46</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Aedeagi of Primocerus spp. A P. neutrum B, C P. maipure: B dorsal view C lateral view D, E P. pijiguaense: D dorsal view E lateral view F P. gigas G P. petilus H P. striatolatus I P. cuspidis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 47</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="443A490BE6E7EE379EE6CFE638E00C70" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1R</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="09C292742C3A9AA682D72EBB6D178748" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D271F70065F2BF37CEF6F1835316466E" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3CBF3C7321BECA1E7F76BBBEDAE69A2A" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 46</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="4A10F6D97E0B8655E152EE1B86972932" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Aedeagi of Primocerus spp. A P. neutrum B, C P. maipure: B dorsal view C lateral view D, E P. pijiguaense: D dorsal view E lateral view F P. gigas G P. petilus H P. striatolatus I P. cuspidis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 47</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="89C9BF41ED08EE92CBAB8B063A7B9B24" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Primocerus</taxonomicName>
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& Short, 2019: 133.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
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|
||||
<paragraph id="C63980190FA2A5488BCB1A6149D43D9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6A369A3354F110DC57A186CF29E674AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus neutrum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="563677EAA90172F64A6773E03EF02F42" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="751C88C9DF1567825F9B24DB45E1989A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4A7C114406E7129E59640332AA8A43D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6CB5A77815641498CEAFCD560B9EAB94" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus neutrum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E87A42543EF7BFA000CB07F3338B87D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD66FF5CF72DDBDF7A2863F64553DEC6" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Short, 2019: 147; by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="86BEBFFA451C57AC474C1C9FFD757FAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CF5B89A100E6B0781B8F9285F66F85F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BED6F1C607C2BB5BA329934691D07DE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Small to medium sized beetles, body length 2.4-4.9 mm. Body shape elongated oval in dorsal view; moderate to strongly convex in lateral view; dorsal outline uniformly convex or nearly straight and anteriorly inclined along anterior half (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="37E67ED22575528F7FBEAB30D800AE03" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Color brown, dark brown, reddish brown, or rather orange, usually uniform along body regions, but sometimes with slightly paler margins, pronotum or ventral surfaces and appendages; ground punctation shallow to moderately marked (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="63A5A15F5D758924BCD7CA93980ABF40" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Shape of head trapezoid. Eyes small to moderate, seldom very small, not emarginated anteriorly, usually projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly and roundly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum rather flat and smooth, sometimes with lateral oblique ridges, and few crenulations; median anterior depression sometimes marked by a transverse carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9BE434646A3D4E3200914A3126F50DC0" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with eight antennomeres; cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps moderately stout, shorter to nearly as long as width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 nearly straight, outer margin curved along apical 2/3; maxillary palpomeres 3 and 4 similar in length (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="F3945259F584BC4B5B3396FCAAFE6364" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Prosternum flat to mesally only slightly produced (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F387C56EBE62D9BD2E1BD30126E44133" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Elytra with sutural striae; elytral punctures from shallow to sharply marked; ground punctures rather uniformly distributed; some species with serial punctures; outer margins of elytra slightly flared (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46A, D, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E80A423BB2BEB9A68C94F65C0DB67C3D" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46A, D, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite usually with curved transverse ridge, rather sharp and low, or bearing sharp, pyramidal (triangular) projection; anapleural sutures concave to forming obtuse angle, separated at anterior margin by distance 0.3-0.4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DA94B6A2447B00F905FD2FDF76B7EE43" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of anterior margin of mesepisternum (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6A206D71999640F36B93A07D03E439B3" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metaventrite with posteromesal glabrous patch nearly as wide as long (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A557666C4BE74DC2EF5DD737966E4554" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row as thick, long semi-erect setae; apical spurs of protibiae moderately stout, reaching midlength of protarsomere 3. Metafemora with tibial grooves moderately developed; hydrofuge pubescence coverage ranging from sparse (nearly glabrous metafemora) to dense along basal 3/4 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="397F31CCA257A2BE2888664F1D785466" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46C, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tarsomeres 1-4 with long spiniform setae on ventral face; metatarsomere 2 nearly as long as 5 and as 3 and 4 combined. Fifth abdominal ventrite apically rounded, truncate, or slightly emarginate, usually with fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Aedeagi of Primocerus spp. A P. neutrum B, C P. maipure: B dorsal view C lateral view D, E P. pijiguaense: D dorsal view E lateral view F P. gigas G P. petilus H P. striatolatus I P. cuspidis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7DC5E85F2DECC37D9C036F89B3A806CC" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Aedeagi of Primocerus spp. A P. neutrum B, C P. maipure: B dorsal view C lateral view D, E P. pijiguaense: D dorsal view E lateral view F P. gigas G P. petilus H P. striatolatus I P. cuspidis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
|
||||
); basal piece as long or longer than parameres; median lobe triangular, nearly as wide at base as basal width of each paramere, with apical projection; gonopore absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 46" startId="F46">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 46.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="D8CD5D2598E2181BD1733031143DF914" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 46" startId="F46">
|
||||
<paragraph id="58F2FFFA8A5FE1E303EC006C28025F03" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="30EC1DA63A666DAF1A135DA6CDB57FBB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 46.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C4520795A61FC78EFE897253B815355E" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CF6C354C30BE91C3C4D9A1EBBB78BE54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. neutrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="00631C62E17FEAA522D460062AEFE4B2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2452B0115045FA4FAB133F5B99DCA7FA" lsidName="P. neutrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="11136CD001501990A7E96BCA85E2334C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D21210A066AB302198FE99253674F5FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="951EEA52C2FDA5B93A10D9F30BFAF39A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E8A9CDE2F33E2DC058ACD43A06006981" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. maipure" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maipure">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maipure</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D27739DECE1F958564DD2FACE230AAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8800962ABCFDC7023C028B501EEE919F" lsidName="P. maipure" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maipure">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D7C550F1F65BBE0423C483E408419250" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maipure</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="814CD21092FCCF41A9A65918E3923898" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D5DA134805C586E598F65E48F00700B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E18BF463350F0B7CA6F300437B91FFE7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G-I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. semipubescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="semipubescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. semipubescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E0134A9E0EAEB2C98778183AF0D93166" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G-I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A7BE9AAFA26279B6C49EFCD97F37F68E" lsidName="P. semipubescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="semipubescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="345147019BD1008398B18336B49A935C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. semipubescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="52C761144D51C945BB77B94A03254A1E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D7CB3C542C5A1575E27A608C95485892" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5FD6B470B415128C98B6F63FEB87DE4C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 47" startId="F47">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 47.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="39AB9481D2BD22FA21EF33374B4EB12B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557446" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 47" startId="F47">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D9696DE1AB9A7D025BF5F687D71A8488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="115368348D64838FAEF7E003F68BB440" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 47.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="194D66D49319887413BE7ADBB6417608" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="05058196D58C5BDCD5E9CA140200299D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. neutrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="694B1B90DD45A89F58900F6CA5E97E90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="199F7E795D1AED6B9EBF318A9D723183" lsidName="P. neutrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7AC6B49DEA0D1304CB5738F6DBC9B567" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. maipure" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maipure">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maipure</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA5781F5833EE30E3062DB299956FD4C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DA83295CD5CED43F72BB483F8996CA43" lsidName="P. maipure" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maipure">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F202D9233FD786E773E1F890C348B823" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maipure</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="11A24D554B9FB605C469591EF731E8DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="EE8CFF9B22148A59428B4D0EFF8C9D9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pijiguaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pijiguaense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pijiguaense</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="ACC396D98CBFCDDC5778A855F24665B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CBA6021B92866EBCF9CAF9742DDA9E6" lsidName="P. pijiguaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pijiguaense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5EFB4A5B3719309EF713245A2BCA824B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pijiguaense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2870299DAD1B84F2CCDBCACF746D34E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F314767CC8DFD2AFAF61D8882CAE9F5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gigas</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="00B125BD0C3E0DAB1952717A76D64D0C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ADFA90CDED9EEA16184767F765B0AA2B" lsidName="P. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE8C1D2E1E85D4F06CD3404871B9FDFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. gigas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. petilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="petilus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. petilus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C68E69BF7EA84E131EC9F36D6441EDDD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F08F3C4D2A0DF660B43245BB59808F71" lsidName="P. petilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="petilus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="17489F4D6FC16ACCEF61B05EEB062EB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. petilus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. striatolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="striatolatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. striatolatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8FE9BE656125D395D278B332CE771305" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C3BE18D07A88ADD928DBA2747460D761" lsidName="P. striatolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="striatolatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9A2B754EAD9C86D21E51EB93CD1A852" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. striatolatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. cuspidis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cuspidis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. cuspidis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BDE2A2C2E21F386CDDBDF099EAC77A43" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D46465B9AEE944CC281D5384823F2A5A" lsidName="P. cuspidis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cuspidis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A1C515878B30A63BB77F340CA35A1C15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. cuspidis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4DFA6AEB155A4F650B4A2D0F5CB51467" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ABCDEB9BF0F85ED94F1FD56CBE6D6928" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5B8B918B721F4061F60F52D181B044F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
At first sight, the smoother members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D507F2FFFC2A653775DCD50A825E3987" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5053CAAEDC0801C37180B22E5D642912" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E437A6398B567F77863A774557769632" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) can be mistaken for
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E17B7D8560F531AD44AF4255869D1DB0" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AF439DFACE902F59EE70B50647CAFE90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5FEB24DD37F8AB74E8870300C8228582" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. ruidus: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F C. cremnobates: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G C. lineatus H C. amplius I C. itatiaia J C. fluminensis. G, H from Smith and Short 2020; I, J from Clarkson and Ferreira Jr 2014. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
), given that both genera exhibit sutural striae. The presence of a transverse curved ridge (sometimes very low) on the posterior elevation of the mesoventrite distinguishes
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B88EBA90E2D4CA0588061448D2BE11EF" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DEDF8CFC14FE3A2FB3D2FBF73C3C2E6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A8D5318D6BA176FF00B88604167D80A8" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="25CA1F3D702AB237CBFC823FD6594E9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which the mesoventrite is either flat, broadly elevated or with a longitudinal elevation; maxillary palps of most
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EBA4AEBC2D0E2F06C393FEF817B57114" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2B0C5F7F46005A5AA2447FFB52D87573" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are nearly 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8B11373744E3AC0F9AF00B29CC7BF4F4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than the maximum width of the head, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2800249D97785AEDEC8CA6B05F5E001A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C40C0C4837CA5AD534F70E66A3E46C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the maxillary palps are shorter, nearly as long as the width of the head.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D63C6D31DCB321C164B9EC1675BA44D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Punctate members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="197041FC4E4DD1F29599D528B63D9906" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="796731233F71484A257D795285A72DAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46D-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D643406EF1A4E137A94703B165CEBD14" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46D-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
) may resemble some species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D80E8462BDDF675DBA6AC2FEDFC9FFB2" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAC04AA8A8F87AB9BD6A595B9D6DF7EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="37D451477374EE84BA82AC82CFC81660" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B191" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5528FD10C08F97048B5E55C455798E8D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 140" refId="B133" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2021a. New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 1019: 93 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" title="New subgenera, new species and new records of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" volume="1019" year="2021 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="87F24F9986BF5D95507C575373302C32" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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and Short 2021a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); striate
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DACB5F8B791D7DCD7ACE54D382D9047C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ACD98E17AFFA044BB80DF887A7EC521B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g., Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46G-I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B1B0110906E6D277F8AFA2B185E72D1B" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Habitus of Primocerus spp. A-C P. neutrum: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F P. maipure: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus G-I P. semipubescens: G dorsal habitus H lateral habitus I ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46G-I</figureCitation>
|
||||
) may resemble
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="951158BFC2595AE42F0F7975FAEC37C2" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA1AF8C6AAA5396A02BDF44AAF1A2FC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radicitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F95FE5CC936D05C55DA320DAE8BC4286" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Habitus of Radicitus spp. A-C R. ayacucho: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F R. granitum: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="251 - 262" refId="B268" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2014. A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251 - 262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" title="A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" volume="3835" year="2014">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CD696C4D86F722663606957D5C4329CD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="251 - 262" refId="B268" refString="Short, AEZ, Garcia, M, 2014. A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251 - 262, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" title="A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5" volume="3835" year="2014">
|
||||
Short and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6C89A7E2C250C1C187D369DDD3F29B19" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In those cases,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="47ABB1F17440CC78AB637FA75483E45A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="02A02ACA95FC35F41FDD3E2AFEAB81AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be easily recognized by the presence of sutural striae. Some species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C32AE325461B1E906AA0F149A1D3C518" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7AAF2AA2D8E94653DDE54B80AFC4FFE6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may also superficially resemble certain New World cylomine genera, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Andotypus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andotypus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Andotypus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="602790A3A824F51378F08A5177582A73" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Andotypus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andotypus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="53A103DFAD0EA3D88C8F851570578E28" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Andotypus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Spangler (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3161/000345414X685893" author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="557 - 596" refId="B114" refString="Fikacek, M, Minoshima, YN, Newton, AF, 2014. A Review of Andotypus and Austrotypus gen. nov., Rygmodine genera with an Austral disjunction (Hydrophilidae: Rygmodinae). Annales Zoologici 64 (4): 557 - 596, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3161/000345414X685893" title="A Review of Andotypus and Austrotypus gen. nov., Rygmodine genera with an Austral disjunction (Hydrophilidae: Rygmodinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3161/000345414X685893" volume="64" year="2014">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="88E84CF2EAD8FCA258FA9B1564170E28" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3161/000345414X685893" author="Fikacek, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="557 - 596" refId="B114" refString="Fikacek, M, Minoshima, YN, Newton, AF, 2014. A Review of Andotypus and Austrotypus gen. nov., Rygmodine genera with an Austral disjunction (Hydrophilidae: Rygmodinae). Annales Zoologici 64 (4): 557 - 596, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3161/000345414X685893" title="A Review of Andotypus and Austrotypus gen. nov., Rygmodine genera with an Austral disjunction (Hydrophilidae: Rygmodinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3161/000345414X685893" volume="64" year="2014">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F955E451AF067E51F53E4D44239182E7" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), from which it may be distinguished by the fully exposed labrum of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B3610BF9F9DBA1C4336F040B630D3184" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AFE24CBDD3F91093B4B538981BE80014" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C9A85FB223F5C3D5B6AA530B59932909" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C12523B2F8DD146A2BA4B5AD29DCDCDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="374205E9AB92BA29DB8427627B3350E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="172A12AD7F27B8E3BB3DE6F6A4F988C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Brazil (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DEAFBCB94AD9A5E61D11D84E99C7556C" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="021927F04D00D89AA5143E9065A4475A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Novochares, Peltochares, Primocerus, Quadriops, Radicitus, Sindolus, Tobochares, and Troglochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
. We have seen additional specimens that slightly expand the range of the genus, but all still fall within the Guiana Shield region of South America.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5B9E93B02A85AA9CC78FE169CE256700" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B0843361EFB7B138E4E63147750E930" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5E173BDF7A6884619EF8F4C58D52BF37" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The habitats occupied by members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="76FFA8CF9AEC43CD1DE845D285CA8A1B" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F71797ABE67B3D02E690EA4D0955C586" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
range from forested pools to seepages. One specimen was collected with a flight intercept trap. Specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BD371F86F6AFB32B4301B18E1530C6AC" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="959B1209A06A1411D79CC3402E5F9F3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are relatively rare, given that so far have only been found in low numbers of specimens per collecting event (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D605D66F245CDA823124D6BF963CFFD8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2B8A5CF7BECA53BAA2AE575FDAADF8D2" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Short 2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F6A7EBAA97B0C0AF516F3ED714E1D33C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CE4FA320EFF77A2B337E5E4462B39628" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2A60B11F72385CB602243FE48DCDEAC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Immature stages are not known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3975314C7FB80EA7EB0396E2DC47E08A" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FE8343ED86E34BAE1A8211D3F0A22696" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="612480A83C1C462E40091D6624D7A7FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E67B16A25ADD9E7F6A7B556F7313940B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D6C77296490D59BC48A24A51B5E3A3B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F8DA7831DAE3FD7C5F237CBC8AFA9635" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12F1180C60988058FFA39BC395113B18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was only recently described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1229106D7E599DB700A71973711CB9B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3E98CAFDFFBA8C2EA15CF59ACA3945B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="801FC694EFFE61B6CE4E4812150A133C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
With only nine known species in the genus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4D37FC0AFE78DC0CA0E65CA5849C5681" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Primocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Primocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C98CAF57270B8E22906FD0418EEDB37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primocerus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the most variable genera of New World acidocerines in terms of their external morphology. Additional recent study and collections have revealed that the species described as
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. neutrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A518300C5EB08220240FE5A74169130D" lsidName="P. neutrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neutrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="909BFA70B07AAD5A0FF03AE6EC17EFBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neutrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
likely represents a species complex (Short pers. obs.).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were examined for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7FC790BDF88EF76E74D6803F88239903" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="26CD9BFBA457AC2FCFE5F21A78F732E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D18760BEF30716F7B605646811AAE667" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were examined for this study.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection id="7FA9F053846620D3FEB05C6DAB8825AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
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<paragraph id="98AFD86B903191AFF01BF5E76BD2EFB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="C06CCD26B36FA3083C6DE71F6D876618" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5F916BDB82C95BD22A52649C1DAEB1D1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 154" refId="B132" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2019. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 855: 109 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" title="Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33013" volume="855" year="2019">
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<normalizedToken id="02B40BCA9BD4DD83721D00D670F17B51" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
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and Short 2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: original description of the genus and all its known species;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="4B780DCA73F81352863BF33C2B6685B3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: phylogenetic placement.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
|
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|||
|
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@ -1,431 +1,431 @@
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Genus
|
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/4B774C0E-8A05-4DA7-8392-B809D29DDEE2" authority="Girón & Short" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<taxonomicName id="E3CD9154FD317787C5D0F767D20F6A6A" ID-CoL="8XKHM" LSID="http://zoobank.org/4B774C0E-8A05-4DA7-8392-B809D29DDEE2" authority="Girón & Short" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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Colossochares
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& Short
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 27A</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2503C6B566E33E4ECED8055DA9966116" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BAE5B2EBD0033355C6BBA915DEC3E717" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="804FA770A190C46D841A38CCF71C537D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6E33E5311611CFB6740DF5CA032B82DC" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FD2B8E7A6D02962977773E4176BC8439" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6642FCEC6864FB17A354C75E458779E6" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B63D2CF879EECC84698C7DE7ECA0302A" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 27A</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A5F94C3A2B32122F82E3565517181C5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="388E0947A44C7481A4F0BAB3288D7E16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B645BCD554EB07C4C94311B3DC8C0BC8" authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Helochares</taxonomicName>
|
||||
"Clade B",
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A9D9B73578AAB7B2FAEC1FC16E3EB198" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2D02B5C50E3C6990E2E13792CEEADE67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D113610A7755536CBE52D76167767231" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6ADF07181DF5223000B3CAF3199A637C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6F04B00F10942CEC9F627F000DB431D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D7C0ED5DAB8E9AB38D8D632EFBA32EDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="009C0E28CC7E651FE35EDE0FD8FC0018" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E6F88BDDF71342BE4E216E1BE620FF4A" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3F44DBF3DD8DA11669B5CDE4C9EC7346" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EE1274BD71C783B4F4933539434C7B08" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1933: 306; by present designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7A4A08EEC7E277AB0FFAAC59634BFFE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="273FA47604E4D26FA191AD690D646C17" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F0EE513A3B893BBBF921C4F5C7C17010" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
From the Latin word
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">colossus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="351AB459578A36FD01A30215DE494484" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">colossus</emphasis>
|
||||
, meaning extremely large, in reference to the comparatively large and robust bodies of the members of the genus, combined with the ending
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">chares</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="50360BCFC5FF431A66C428A5AA2F9F2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">chares</emphasis>
|
||||
, expressing affinity with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="08CDCBA7615EA6B53EF6D543FDF58E61" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A35670F7AF3BED02B82E1C9B95363EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Masculine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="719A6D7718F399048E53F197AAB04677" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B8C6B7D0C6E8D267C91057E17B66C2D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="60D6722CD99039BB1EA6648B0706F714" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Body length 8.5-14.0 mm. Body shape broadly oval in dorsal view, strongly and uniformly convex in lateral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6BDDFBD3A317A665C63A2678262A32EF" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsal surfaces even and smooth, uniformly dark brown (nearly black) in coloration with reddish antennae, palps and tarsi; ground punctation extremely fine and shallow (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7FD12936371EEF674E81E576D8F4871A" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); ventral surfaces rather densely covered by rather long and fine golden setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CD342A73F8BCFA9E8F86EC503D66D927" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes not emarginate, moderate in size, subquadrate in dorsal view, separated by nearly 4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F1702F465258412FCC063DBA08DBEE14" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
width of eye, projected from outline of head (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4A4B47A70079AC042AA8F27B449E4B47" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Frons with large (and somewhat fused together) systematic punctures along inner margin of eye. Clypeus with anterior margin broadly roundly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed, medially convex (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F8D4BDEF1526EC496CFB03CA7CE0FBD3" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae with nine antennomeres, with strongly asymmetric and round cupule. Maxillary palps slender, slightly longer than maximum width of head, with palpomere 4 0.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="538D9A2363510DA596CABDE53A86A414" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as palpomere 3 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EA84C92ABA89C1880A6B59F952A6D7FD" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Head of miscellaneous Acidocerinae A-D anterolateral view: A Tobochares luteomargo with white arrow pointing to straight anterior margin of eye B Tobochares emarginatus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating anterior margin of eye C Quadriops politus with white arrow pointing to Tobochares canthus fully dividing the eye in dorsal and ventral faces D Batochares sp. black arrow pointing to transverse carina on labrum E-L dorsal view of head: E Batochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Crephelochares nitescens, H Chasmogenus australis with black arrow pointing to preclypeal membrane I Colossochares ellipticus J Aulonochares tubulus K Peltochares conspicuus L Helobata larvalis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557410" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mentum medially broadly depressed, laterally punctate, mesally and anteriorly striate; sculpture of mentum ranging from shallow to strong. Pronotum evenly convex, and very smooth, with ground punctation very fine and shallow; systematic punctures of pronotum reduced to paired depressions near anterior margin and at midlength of lateral margins. Elytra without sutural striae, with margins slightly flared; serial punctures either absent or only visible along outer lateral area and posterior third of elytra; systematic punctures enlarged, broadly separated longitudinally, forming five rows mostly visible along outer lateral area and posterior third of elytra (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3ED48FDB694B5FE6D23F98F07F269C16" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface of prosternum flat to broadly convex, with anterior margin slightly projected anteriorly (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="62DC37CB5BA42B5F2FE44411F703234C" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite with broad longitudinal elevation; anapleural sutures concave, anteriorly converging and separated by distance nearly 1/3 of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite uniformly densely covered by with hydrofuge pubescence, medial surface elevated as platform. Protibiae with anterior row of spines extremely reduced to tiny and scanty, appressed denticles; apical spurs of protibiae large, outer nearly as thick and reaching apex of protarsomere 2. Metafemora with tibial grooves well-developed; metafemora with hydrofuge pubescence covering basal 4/5 of anterior surface (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7234E3307AA7DF1605200FED900FD7E2" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Habitus of Colossochares ellipticus A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metatarsomeres laterally compressed, metatarsomere 2 longer than 5, metatarsomere 5 nearly as long as 3 and 4 combined; all tarsomeres with rows spiniform setae covering ventral surface. Fifth abdominal ventrite with apex emarginate, with fringe of flat and stout setae. Aedeagus symmetrical, either trilobed (
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. satoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E6D758B111E5DAE5C188270B553203A7" lsidName="C. satoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B62BB794E03271DE2D0FE941C1636C22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="129 - 132" refId="B159" refString="Hebauer, F, 2003a. A new species of the genus Helochares (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Africa. Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology 6: 129 - 132" title="A new species of the genus Helochares (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Africa." volume="6" year="2003 a">Hebauer 2003a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AB914536186468FD8EEC43D65E30162B" author="Hebauer, F" journalOrPublisher="Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="129 - 132" refId="B159" refString="Hebauer, F, 2003a. A new species of the genus Helochares (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Africa. Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology 6: 129 - 132" title="A new species of the genus Helochares (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Africa." volume="6" year="2003 a">Hebauer 2003a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 1) or highly modified (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EE044CFA14E146A022828694A87E156A" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with basal piece shorter than parameres; median lobe variable.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="42D7CE7B9A7114BE8062467257650BCF" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
|
||||
<paragraph id="414ABF34B2B7F91FCDA9E285C6FF2F5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7053E4AB2804F17C54A9879E95EAB8EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="50C13DC7530098EF6368E82C9DAC5E6B" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B37F18B3F72F2FA3A0044A67371D1C47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C8B2D6E0AE9602D347EC97ED5F18D46" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="458E2652F4ECBA7DBC117B020634A268" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral habitus
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BE317A70C1A7C840E461FC8809D6CC4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 27.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="AD4B78E58AE4C9592CDA652C735B195C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
|
||||
<paragraph id="408BA3DB471A9D99A1E81211CE7B42E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="34A9F68A453FF6E175BC96AD7A152F40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 27.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagi of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81F04E35A14AD1BE61250C2C4246EB80" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4D1906F305870851E29BF0EA5604F956" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2992FBE04B24CF3040F3674BD88D562" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E8809717A7D6D349D6C084015212014F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8457F272C314CE4E598953B13A2A17F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3E6524AEED03A5D03F83056647E13B5A" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C203F573957B5F687CD1F673EF26B86C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares szeli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="szeli">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares szeli</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="429C92BF4AB750DB45256E97447ABFF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="97CBE575637B31F72CF2426E5C95C1D8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares szeli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="szeli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C49536445F738DE155313185875D7AB0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares szeli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4EECBAC65827E716B22406D2B04C23AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A7E735D6D55FCC4BDF6629B6A774AB4E" authorityName="Kuwert" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3343FBEBA6AB82A2AB496DE62F601650" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (Australia)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares abnormalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares abnormalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8718885387841304AC9E0B493133C0C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8A1DFF9669941F539026ACD3AE3486E2" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crephelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crephelochares abnormalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AFA99FD956D739F0BDEF0A43EDD74303" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crephelochares abnormalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="71E58C5102C98DD0D65890B30478E599" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B31AB991B86F4E9838AE7C9836B7A243" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FE0267923B5CEEF22F42CD75C83E3E6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFC452C6021DC8586372E08617135C4B" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="93C6C5ECFE77468F3A7FA8D93025B65B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
groups some of the largest acidocerines.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="758AD2687BB7037F05E5C54B15FD7FFB" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B32EA61ED12433B6CEE5D931683CCE16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are strongly and uniformly convex and highly polished, with enlarged systematic punctures on the head and elytra; systematic punctures on the pronotum are reduced to a pair of anterior and a pair of lateral depressions, not forming the usual antero-lateral semicircles that are common in acidocerines. Some members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="20C41CE3C4574122CB0942395BE58C47" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="85C129E168FB9BC2448E369AB9838051" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may exhibit similar coloration and general highly polished appearance to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="77159C1B7C606F9D9A11BBC5C3A8B748" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="082F265A00561D0F6D96311CD1908BF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g., compare Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AD162A798477339158B43E09DFF0E7C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1A</figureCitation>
|
||||
vs. 1B); those
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6D09DC8FE9F37EF4DE78D8EDC9A86B35" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F76CA4582E653377378C85F8858D8104" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are always dorsoventrally flattened, generally slender, and the pronotum has systematic punctures forming antero-lateral semicircles. Other than general appearance, both genera are very similar to each other in details of the external morphology, except by the sculpture of the submentum, which is smooth in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FB3EBC79BCDCFD0904F015B919B8284" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A50E33BA08A42C182C5ED4CDDF73F51B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and punctate or otherwise sculptured in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AE366F3025483A66907800F39E8C2AE1" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="28C48889CF1922D0D8DE1E9EDC8EE4D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In addition, the aedeagal form in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8092B2F7C072412BA9C5D9E59800843D" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="117FBC06666C05FEECE29A389B5E8A42" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peltochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(spiked, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="340EF89DA84C3D71E7AD3F4384C02424" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Aedeagi A-E trilobed: A schematic B Chasmogenus schmits C, D spiked: C schematic D Peltochares foveicollis E, F tubular: E schematic F Helochares politus G, H divided: G schematic H Novochares pallipes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) is quite different from the forms present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EEE8CEC012243F21345F543612EBD920" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D6AA01059AAB847D7A28FD53BB6B2C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(trilobed or as in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AE600DE1DFDC5ED286516407B225507A" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9F4BEA9433E6F691CD83FDD7E38D8FA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="53BBAB571DAA2FB4964748B98E390816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E49D4D15EF6E437D000487FEEC527731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8A3742049D5D35253C1850C31016C9BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Afrotropical</emphasis>
|
||||
: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Uganda; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="90543DDF91526E097B2229F6B7E373CE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Acidocerus, Agraphydrus, Aulonochares, Batochares, Chasmogenus, Colossochares, and Crephelochares." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="449883EA2BE51F35B94E46E1D94CE8BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B178F8A2370DDD8A39DA8BD0F34557E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="035E71927A23731E32AF48F2E3183684" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Little is known about the biology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54A5743D11F484B1D9A65AF0A9EAE3BC" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E76A5A5148883830197AB1DFE07819B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and no museum specimens we examined contained any habitat or collecting information. We have seen some light trap samples from Congo in which
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ellipticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0728C799742846A43B57C9A530516679" lsidName="C. ellipticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E9AB7FAF08AE5B98693E2F78E72C252" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is relatively common.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FF2C83E9E241512F92AEC814ED9C9F2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6B256909B961420C1A18848E53CCC3C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="61FCDE305B17B6D552A43B8AE997F00A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
The larvae of species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4558E09CAFA00AD5B4FCF9684EB21429" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9850A7973CE04F14FCCDD5CF18E6F4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remain unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3FAB73E616EE59EA94AC42D0A9BCAC5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B3A76F6A6485D18B839ADECA2F46D62" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="55DF74445FF8D0120C2F19E58DE798E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Given how large and distinctive
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C56F63ECCC66DA1420D0964E87AB01C" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7DDD522F84A95F08E405FF290146604A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are, it is remarkable that it has not been previously recognized as a separate genus, especially given how many other genera and subgenera have been described based on less striking features. The reason may have been due in part to an original identification error:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Regimbart, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" refId="B235" refString="Regimbart, M, 1907. Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3(3)[43]: 46-62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" title="Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3 (3) [43]: 46 - 62." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" year="1907">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Régimbart">Regimbart</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AA89B35B5AE85A3DAE4B3D4CD1F67E21" author="Regimbart, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" refId="B235" refString="Regimbart, M, 1907. Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3(3)[43]: 46-62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" title="Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3 (3) [43]: 46 - 62." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" year="1907">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="29196B48BE9D61D29930CBD08A414E96" originalValue="Régimbart">Regimbart</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1907
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 47) first gave a description for what is now
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="02483BA652303AD7D9C2599D45CDC2E2" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5E401AED9B166438D1D18328DC32CAE6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but mistakenly thought they were conspecific with another already-described central African taxon,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="266ED13F5AE75E9DFEF416784CC0C28A" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="33C1C36A8BFF1437D4A0B99CBC8D913B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fabricius.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Regimbart, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" refId="B235" refString="Regimbart, M, 1907. Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3(3)[43]: 46-62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" title="Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3 (3) [43]: 46 - 62." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" year="1907">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Régimbart">Regimbart</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F2D921FA5AFEC9FE3DA8102F4564E309" author="Regimbart, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" refId="B235" refString="Regimbart, M, 1907. Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3(3)[43]: 46-62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" title="Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3 (3) [43]: 46 - 62." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" year="1907">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6F076E59EEF38523797EEDFBFE1FDF66" originalValue="Régimbart">Regimbart</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1907)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on this incorrect interpretation of his specimens, further recognized that they were not allied with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D28D1608876EEC9AF653EC1CD28E4490" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F6222B44C9DA6A28E12C71172679C46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and instead shared similarities with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B565971463D06A9FEAFA671E75CC92AC" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="66D1472BDAAC5D7BB5AA5390FBA589B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, so he transferred
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fabricius’">Fabricius'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="87D56BC5A6ADEF1E0157DE428FB789BD" originalValue="Fabricius’">Fabricius'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
species to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="148756584233FEBC49D537A962D50C10" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="79F64F3D91408106547DCA2A56E0F830" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, creating the combination
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6F30F424838AAAF06869F21EDF1A5D6" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8EF2808A4372581DB1CED05F56A66BD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fabricius). Later,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="271 - 314" refId="B65" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1933. Contribution a l'etude des Palpicornia VIII. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 73: 271 - 314" title="Contribution a l'etude des Palpicornia VIII." volume="73" year="1933">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="561D9AA996C496E0D6E2B406532B38B0" author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="271 - 314" refId="B65" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1933. Contribution a l'etude des Palpicornia VIII. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 73: 271 - 314" title="Contribution a l'etude des Palpicornia VIII." volume="73" year="1933">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2C9AB3B437B6F1EA89F9DC4A1FEF2551" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1933)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
recognized
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Régimbart’s">Regimbart's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F88D195E46359D2EA42C4B9BFFDB6AFD" originalValue="Régimbart’s">Regimbart's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
error and clarified the situation, confirming
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="601004C3F4B391606DD66A453E238415" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3672734585A8FDB75313EB33065BAC0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a valid species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1E538C3494F465FBE02474DA4274F2AD" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E788959C2C3948C8C1391F22410BFE6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and also different from the original
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="36606DB4AD7289D28873484D1106820D" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Hydrophilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrophilus ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="775438EBD4A3E5B24284AB3518B896AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hydrophilus ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fabricius.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="48D334B65A14BF329103A35609C1EBE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Hebauer (2003) described
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hebauer" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares satoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C15CA847B7A8C6ECF1E55188CE0F3A21" authorityName="Hebauer" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares satoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6DB9606E5C06A6F388450CAFA0DC2AF2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hebauer and discussed its affinities with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF817F3AEE2D5DA92F3BCA42F0CE4BD6" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8169057A4F2AE464B8DA2BD15917A6A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. A specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AF4512F7D46729DC9D3826E4F1C54982" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="01E0A1AF56E4976194AB04CE87B213AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was included in the molecular phylogeny by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F8AAD664815E9613FB1DA145A886463E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, where it was resolved as an early-diverging and isolated member of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F6BD952E1E3DC7C845CCD35697C1EC8" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD6D6B04C68A867DF446D56CCA25C5DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group of genera. Given that it is not nested within
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DE24301F6480B41D2A2BF61EE0F6BC23" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2DEF05CEB139E47D0C25C556CEC11998" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and it is morphologically distinct, the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="56F8EC55C4DB1E627CEA849CAF534EAA" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D3C75B15F9993992B4546DFD606C7EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is here established to house the two species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5C645318B7955F55A5015398C691A4D2" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E23410D134E48E92A10B15C92E3700D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0C0B64A00FC6C3A80710E6DBF3ABF214" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) comb. nov. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares satoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82403908229A5EC33CC0E2CC0317B460" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares satoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B20E285B48A4B2DDCAA556069C563FD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer) comb. nov.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="81740ED23BAC6FF71254D57D09B13DDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0969F0D83EAF610B945FB1149158879E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CEF6F03FDCF8A7200C619670B253E3BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Despite the external similarity between the two known species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="00CBB02F53B7C68EFFD96256CB1C12D9" authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B73E5E9E9612914F8B769C7C50AC74A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the male genitalia are quite different from each other. This particularity is quite unusual in the subfamily given that, in general, each genus has a particular aedeagal type shared by all its species (though there are some known exceptions, e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5B337139C91892114046BFB87A437D74" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B616AAD8F3A352B2C1A73260D6925F17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). The genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. satoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11FE890F0D0E01E7C67B2FED2BF27096" lsidName="C. satoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="51A6F41AA8699C8960311058487FFE66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be categorized as trilobed, whereas that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ellipticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF5E90F0E00AE73FB879D01645565471" lsidName="C. ellipticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C5BEB2DAD94B1CDFCC344C93DE852FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is quite uniquely configured (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E11FFC963E03785A03B74FAD977854E7" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Aedeagi of Colossochares and Crephelochares spp. A Colossochares ellipticus B Crephelochares szeli C Crephelochares sp. (Australia) D Crephelochares abnormalis (Thailand). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). More work is needed to confirm the close relationship of these two taxa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="099020360E6F5E6156DA42293C85AE4F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="714935A43E8FA8580AE3A9CE952D70A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B1BA4CFED1D037B7AA44715D7A52B53" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="41212D9CD46F3E069F1A60C0C499CFCE" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Colossochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF88DE3BB4A1E01008DC093E881BBAE9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colossochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="225D60FB4946312C531EC6FA80D1ECA3" originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) and female paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. satoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7B4C3F41C8E366E3E29A73BA5D750C0E" lsidName="C. satoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="satoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D3245BD3FE597658E823C303B8908C25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. satoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hebauer) were available for study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Regimbart, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" refId="B235" refString="Regimbart, M, 1907. Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3(3)[43]: 46-62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" title="Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3 (3) [43]: 46 - 62." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" year="1907">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Régimbart">Regimbart</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="95BC19019B2406D1EA03D18E0799E175" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6A8195FD2EA20F92553E77332830983F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7030448F47B66BE703D61AFCC4EE0696" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="065784450C70968605DBFE3B9019A5E1" author="Regimbart, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" refId="B235" refString="Regimbart, M, 1907. Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3(3)[43]: 46-62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" title="Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova 3 (3) [43]: 46 - 62." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482" year="1907">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DBBEBA38058D69F6C107DA278CD66037" originalValue="Régimbart">Regimbart</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1907
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 47: description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFE70DB956CF4D7C95136783DC907926" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares ellipticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4A97686C901DD8F4C0DA7B304B3013AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares ellipticus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
attributed to Fabricius;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="d'Orchymont, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="271 - 314" refId="B65" refString="d'Orchymont, A, 1933. Contribution a l'etude des Palpicornia VIII. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 73: 271 - 314" title="Contribution a l'etude des Palpicornia VIII." volume="73" year="1933">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Orchymont">d'Orchymont</normalizedToken>
|
||||
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|
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: 306: clarification and reaffirmation of species name; Hebauer 2003: new species and discussion of affinities;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: phylogenetic placement.
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