228 lines
20 KiB
XML
228 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9f6ab2b-1860-4796-b756-167ae5d2c916" ID-PMC="PMC6906170" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-894-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" ID-PubMed="31844409" ID-ZooBank="D11503CA5A574067817904E0C8C162C8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-894-53" checkinTime="1575565036169" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pentinsaari, Mikko, Anderson, Robert, Borowiec, Lech, Bouchard, Patrice, Brunke, Adam, Douglas, Hume, Smith, Andrew B. T. & Hebert, Paul D. N." docDate="2019" docId="92C5A3EB6A7D5B9B95D2359095A879DA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 894: 53-150" docOrigin="ZooKeys 894" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862" docTitle="Chaetocnema hortensis Geoffroy 1785" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" masterDocTitle="DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1668168181706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pentinsaari, Mikko</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Anderson, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Borowiec, Lech</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bouchard, Patrice</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brunke, Adam</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Douglas, Hume</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>894</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>53</mods:start>
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<mods:end>150</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-894-53</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D11503CA5A574067817904E0C8C162C8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160631304" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92C5A3EB6A7D5B9B95D2359095A879DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92C5A3EB6A7D5B9B95D2359095A879DA" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName LSID="92C5A3EB-6A7D-5B9B-95D2-359095A879DA" authority="Geoffroy, 1785" authorityName="Geoffroy" authorityYear="1785" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaetocnema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetocnema hortensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hortensis">Chaetocnema hortensis (Geoffroy, 1785)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 41. Chaetocnema hortensis (Geoffroy) A male habitus, L. Borowiec B female habitus, L. Borowiec C C. hortensis, aedeagus, ventral view D C. hortensis, aedeagus, lateral view E C. borealis R. White, aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362159" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41">Figure 41</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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Native to the Palaearctic region, widespread across the region and common in many parts (
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<bibRefCitation author="Doeberl, M" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Genome" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B48" refString="Doeberl, M, Loebl, I, Smetana, A, 2010. Alticinae. In: LoeblISmetanaA (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol.6). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 491-563." title="Alticinae. In: LoeblISmetanaA (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 6). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 491 - 563." year="2010">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Döberl">Doeberl</normalizedToken>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Konstantinov, AS" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B118" refString="Konstantinov, AS, Baselga, A, Grebennikov, VV, Prena, J, Lingafelter, SW, 2011. Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" title="Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)." year="2011">Konstantinov et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). Adventive in the Nearctic region (Ontario, Canada).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="canadian records">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Canadian records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">British Columbia: Kelowna, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 (2 exx, CBG); Revelstoke, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 (2 exx, CBG). Ontario: Brampton, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 (2 exx, CBG); Mississauga, 24-May-2016 to 26-May-2016 (1 ex, CBG); Mississauga, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 (1 ex, CBG). Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 23-Jun-2013 to 29-Jun-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Elmwood, 01-Nov-2005 (1 ex, CBG); Kejimkujik National Park, 31-Jul-2009 (1 ex, CBG); Truro, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 (2 exx, CBG). Labrador: Happy Valley-Goose Bay, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 (1 ex, CBG). Newfoundland: Terra Nova National Park, 04-Jul-2009 (1 ex, CBG).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="diagnostic information">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Diagnostic information</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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(based on
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<bibRefCitation author="Konstantinov, AS" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B118" refString="Konstantinov, AS, Baselga, A, Grebennikov, VV, Prena, J, Lingafelter, SW, 2011. Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" title="Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)." year="2011">Konstantinov et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). Body length (excluding head) 1.8-2.1 mm. Habitus as in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 41. Chaetocnema hortensis (Geoffroy) A male habitus, L. Borowiec B female habitus, L. Borowiec C C. hortensis, aedeagus, ventral view D C. hortensis, aedeagus, lateral view E C. borealis R. White, aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362159" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41">Fig. 41A, B</figureCitation>
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. Pronotum and elytra with a bronze or green metallic lustre. Four basal antennomeres yellow, antennomere 2 sometimes partly brown, femora brown, tibiae yellow. Pronotal punctures separated by approximately their own diameter. The two innermost elytral rows of punctures on basal half confused, third through fifth rows confused or regular, sixth row confused. Elytral humeral callus well developed. Aedeagus as in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 41. Chaetocnema hortensis (Geoffroy) A male habitus, L. Borowiec B female habitus, L. Borowiec C C. hortensis, aedeagus, ventral view D C. hortensis, aedeagus, lateral view E C. borealis R. White, aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362159" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41">Fig. 41C, D</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="bionomic notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bionomic notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaetocnema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetocnema hortensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hortensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Chaetocnema hortensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a wide range of host plants. It mainly feeds on various grasses (
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<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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), including cereal crop species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, K" journalOrPublisher="Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B116" refString="Koch, K, 1992. Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 3). Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" title="Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 3)." year="1992">Koch 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Konstantinov, AS" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B118" refString="Konstantinov, AS, Baselga, A, Grebennikov, VV, Prena, J, Lingafelter, SW, 2011. Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" title="Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)." year="2011">Konstantinov et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). It has been recorded as a minor pest of wheat and barley in Europe (
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<bibRefCitation author="Pavlov, IE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="775 - 795" refId="B164" refString="Pavlov, IE, 1960. Ecology of cereal-stem flea-beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Halticinae) and measures for their control [In Russian]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 39: 775 - 795" title="Ecology of cereal-stem flea-beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Halticinae) and measures for their control [In Russian]." volume="39" year="1960">Pavlov 1960</bibRefCitation>
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'
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<bibRefCitation author="Vappula, NA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 239" refId="B198" refString="Vappula, NA, 1965. Pests of cultivated plants in Finland. Acta Entomologica Fennica 19: 1 - 239" title="Pests of cultivated plants in Finland." volume="19" year="1965">Vappula 1965</bibRefCitation>
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). Most of the barcoded Canadian specimens were collected with Malaise traps in suburban environments. A few records are from grassland and forest habitats in Canadian national parks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaetocnema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetocnema hortensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hortensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Chaetocnema hortensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has previously been confused with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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R. White, 1996 in Canada. We found that most Canadian specimens in CNC identified as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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actually represent
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hortensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="hortensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. hortensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The elytral punctation of the two species is similarly irregular basally. In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the basal antennomeres are brown rather than pale yellow, and the dorsal surface has a blue rather than bronze or green lustre. The aedeagus is differently shaped in the two species (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 41. Chaetocnema hortensis (Geoffroy) A male habitus, L. Borowiec B female habitus, L. Borowiec C C. hortensis, aedeagus, ventral view D C. hortensis, aedeagus, lateral view E C. borealis R. White, aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362159" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41">Fig. 41D, E</figureCitation>
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). Based on comparison of the type specimens of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(deposited in CNC) with the diagnoses and figures in the recent revision of Palaearctic
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaetocnema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetocnema" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Chaetocnema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Konstantinov, AS" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B118" refString="Konstantinov, AS, Baselga, A, Grebennikov, VV, Prena, J, Lingafelter, SW, 2011. Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia" title="Revision of the Palearctic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)." year="2011">Konstantinov et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to (and possibly synonymous with) the Palaearctic
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sahlbergii" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="sahlbergii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. sahlbergii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Gyllenhal, 1827). Both species inhabit bogs and other types of wetlands (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, K" journalOrPublisher="Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B116" refString="Koch, K, 1992. Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 3). Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" title="Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 3)." year="1992">Koch 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="White, RE" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 158" refId="B206" refString="White, RE, 1996. A revision of the genus Chaetocnema of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 29: 1 - 158" title="A revision of the genus Chaetocnema of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." volume="29" year="1996">White 1996</bibRefCitation>
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). Records of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from agricultural fields and other drier habitats reported e.g., by
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<bibRefCitation author="Majka, CG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Acadian Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="34 - 38" refId="B145" refString="Majka, CG, LeSage, L, 2010. Chaetocnema flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Alticini) of the Maritime provinces of Canada. Journal of the Acadian Entomological Society 6: 34 - 38" title="Chaetocnema flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Alticini) of the Maritime provinces of Canada." volume="6" year="2010">Majka and LeSage (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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probably represent
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hortensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="hortensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. hortensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362159" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" start="Figure 41" startId="F23">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Figure 41.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaetocnema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetocnema hortensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hortensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Chaetocnema hortensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Geoffroy)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
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male habitus, L. Borowiec
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
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female habitus, L. Borowiec
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hortensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="hortensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. hortensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, aedeagus, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hortensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="hortensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. hortensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, aedeagus, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
R. White, aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |