447 lines
56 KiB
XML
447 lines
56 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FBF7AFF9F092B0726892E92945FF2737">Revision of Nearctic Microcercis Beschovski (Diptera: Chloropidae), with Synonymy of Incertella Sabrosky</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="98C11CB5F21B183437A83F4ECB9F64D0">Foster, George A.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B0D511C5FF11" blockId="10.[151,540,151,214]" box="[151,498,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<heading id="D097E75BFFCF1E327582B0D511C5FF11" bold="true" box="[151,498,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E327582B0D511C5FF11" authority="(Becker)" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Becker" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[151,498,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
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<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327582B0D511C5FF11" bold="true" box="[151,498,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327582B0D51148FF11" bold="true" box="[151,383,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Microcercis infesta</emphasis>
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(Becker)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A03BCFFCF1E327582B0FE122BFF76" box="[151,540,187,214]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B0FE122BFF76" blockId="10.[151,540,151,214]" box="[151,540,187,214]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135B4CB2FFCF1E32758AB0FE1174FF76" box="[159,323,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[239,1349,179,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[239,1349,179,1849]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Microcercis morphology. 1, M. infesta scutal tomentum and setae, 1500X. 2, M. infesta anterior margin of frons, antennal bases, and dorsal portion of carina, 1500X. 3, M. infesta lower face and frontoclypeal membrane, 800X. 4, M. trifeminarum eye, showing density and length of ommatrichia, 1500X. 5, M. infesta frontal and vertical chaetotaxy, 400X. 6, M. trifeminarum scutellum and subscutellum (arrow), 1000X. 7, M. bispina scapular setae (arrows), 400X. 8, M. species proepimeral seta (arrow), 1000X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12780287/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="135B4CB2FFCF1E32745AB0FE11F6FF76" box="[335,449,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–14" captionStartId="12.[152,270,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[151,1436,181,1557]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 9–14. Microcercis and Conioscinella morphology. 9, M. minor male femoral organ, 2500X. 10, M. infesta male femoral organ, 3000X. 11, C. nuda male femoral organ, 2000X.12, M. infesta male genitalia, 500X, (arrow points to epandrium). 13, M. infesta hind basal tarsomere (arrows indicate basal setae). 14, C. ovalis hind basal tarsomere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12780291/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">10, 12, 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135B4CB2FFCF1E3274D8B0FE11DCFF76" box="[461,491,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–22" captionStartId="15.[152,270,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[151,1436,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 15–22. Microcercis morphology. 15, M. albipalpis habitus, lateral view. 16, M. bispina habitus, lateral view. 17, M. dorsata habitus, lateral view. 18, M. infesta habitus, lateral view. 19, M. insularis habitus, lateral view. 20, M. minor habitus, lateral view. 21, M. johanni habitus, lateral view. 22, M. murphyi habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12780295/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">18</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="135B4CB2FFCF1E3274E2B0FE1223FF76" box="[503,532,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–30" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 23–30. Microcercis and Conioscinella morphology. 23, M. laytoni habitus, lateral view. 24, M.trifeminarum habitus, lateral view. 25, C. ovalis HOLOTYPE habitus, lateral view. 26, M. albipalpis male genitalia, posterior oblique view. 27, M. albipalpis surstylus. 28 M. bispina male genitalia, posterior oblique view. 29, M. dorsata male genitalia, posterior oblique view. 30, M. infesta male genitalia, posterior oblique view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12780299/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">30</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37A03BCFFCF1E327582B142112EFE11" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B14215A3FEB8" blockId="10.[151,1437,256,433]" box="[151,1428,256,281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB707719FFCF1E327582B14215A3FEB8" box="[151,1428,256,281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC17626FFCF1E327582B1421232FEB8" author="Becker, T." box="[151,517,256,280]" page="108" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E327582B1421232FEB8" ID-CoL="88TLW" authority="Becker, 1912: 108" authorityName="Becker" authorityPageNumber="108" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,517,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327582B1421174FEB8" box="[151,323,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Oscinella infesta</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E32745DB1421232FEB8" author="Becker, T." box="[328,517,256,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="21 - 256" refId="ref21786" refString="Becker, T. (1912) Chloropidae. Eine Monographische Studie. IV. Teil. Nearktische Region. Annales Musei nationalis hungarica, 10, 21 - 256, taf. I." type="journal article" year="1912">Becker, 1912: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E32771BB1431277FEB9" box="[526,576,257,281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBBCA4DFFCF1E3277B5B1421317FEB8" box="[672,800,256,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Woods Hole</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFCF1E32763FB14213F7FEB8" box="[810,960,256,280]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
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||
<location id="8EBF06ECFFCF1E3276DCB1421407FEB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9E121FFCF1E357582B0D51255FC4D:8EBF06ECFFCF1E3276DCB1421407FEB8" box="[969,1072,256,280]" municipality="Woods Hole" name="Deposited" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" stateProvince="Massachusetts">Deposited</location>
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||
NMNH.
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||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327185B14215A3FEB8" bold="true" box="[1168,1428,256,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227315EFFCF1E327185B14215A7FEB8" box="[1168,1424,256,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" rank="species">NEW COMBINATION</taxonomicNameLabel>
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.
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B15D1457FEF5" blockId="10.[151,1437,256,433]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB707719FFCF1E327582B15D1457FEF5" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E327582B15D1174FE97" ID-CoL="88TLW" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,323,287,311]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
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||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327582B15D1174FE97" box="[151,323,287,311]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Oscinella infesta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC17626FFCF1E327475B15D1253FE97" author="Sabrosky, C." box="[352,612,287,311]" page="712" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" year="1936">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E327475B15D1253FE97" author="Sabrosky, C." box="[352,612,287,311]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="707 - 728" refId="ref23595" refString="Sabrosky, C. (1936) A synopsis of the Nearctic species of Oscinella and Madiza, based on a study of the types (Diptera, Chloropidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 29, 707 - 728. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 29.4.707" type="journal article" year="1936">Sabrosky 1936: 712–714</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 721, 725 [in key, group D; discussion of
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||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E327105B15D140BFE97" box="[1040,1084,287,311]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">type</typeStatus>
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||
material; comparison with
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E327041B15D15ABFE96" ID-CoL="88TLV" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[1364,1436,287,310]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
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||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327041B15D15ABFE96" box="[1364,1436,287,310]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">incerta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E3275E7B17F110AFEF5" ID-CoL="3PL8Z" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[242,317,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Incertella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3275E7B17F110AFEF5" box="[242,317,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">bispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E32745FB17F1194FEF5" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[330,419,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E32745FB17F1194FEF5" box="[330,419,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
as possible jr. syn.].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC17626FFCF1E327791B17F1362FEF6" author="Sabrosky, C. W." box="[644,853,317,342]" page="780" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" year="1965">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E327791B17F1362FEF6" author="Sabrosky, C. W." box="[644,853,317,342]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="773 - 793" refId="ref23652" refString="Sabrosky, C. W. (1965) Family Chloropidae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. H. & Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Handbook 276. Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 773 - 793." type="book chapter" year="1965">Sabrosky 1965: 780</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[N. Am. catalog, distrib.].
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B11E1460FED4" blockId="10.[151,1437,256,433]" box="[151,1111,348,372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB707719FFCF1E327582B11E1460FED4" box="[151,1111,348,372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327582B11E1142FED4" box="[151,373,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E327582B11E1146FED4" box="[151,369,348,372]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Conioscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">Conioscinella infesta</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC17626FFCF1E32749BB11E12ACFED4" author="Davis, L. V. & Gray, I. E." box="[398,667,348,372]" page="281" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E32749BB11E12ACFED4" author="Davis, L. V. & Gray, I. E." box="[398,667,348,372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="275 - 295" refId="ref22255" refString="Davis, L. V. & Gray, I. E. (1966) Zonal and seasonal distribution of insects in North Carolina salt marshes. Ecological Monographs, 36 (3), 275 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1942419" type="journal article" year="1966">Davis and Gray 1966: 281</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 284, 285–289, 292 [biology, salt marshes].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B139112EFE11" blockId="10.[151,1437,256,433]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB707719FFCF1E327582B139112EFE11" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E327582B139117CFE33" box="[151,331,379,403]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E327582B1391170FE33" ID-CoL="3PL98" baseAuthorityName="Becker" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[151,327,379,403]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Incertella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">Incertella infesta</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC17626FFCF1E327471B1391219FE33" author="Sabrosky, C. W." box="[356,558,379,403]" page="421" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" year="1980">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E327471B1391219FE33" author="Sabrosky, C. W." box="[356,558,379,403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="412 - 429" refId="ref23749" refString="Sabrosky, C. W. (1980) New genera and new combinations in Nearctic Chloropidae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 82 (3), 412 - 429." type="journal article" year="1980">Sabrosky 1980: 421</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[n. comb.];
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC17626FFCF1E3277BEB139136FFE33" author="Foote, B. A." box="[683,856,379,403]" page="168" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E3277BEB139136FFE33" author="Foote, B. A." box="[683,856,379,403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="166 - 175" refId="ref22492" refString="Foote, B. A. (2004) Acalyptrate Diptera associated with stands of Carex lacustris and C. stricta (Cyperaceae) in northeastern Ohio. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106 (1), 166 - 175." type="journal article" year="2004">Foote, 2004: 168</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E32711CB1391471FE32" ID-CoL="8VRHY" box="[1033,1094,379,402]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E32711CB1391471FE32" box="[1033,1094,379,402]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Carex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in freshwater marsh (this ID is in doubt)].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A03BCFFCF1E357582B1A21255FC4D" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E327582B1A21240FD56" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Diagnosis.—Ocellar triangle gray; vertex and occiput gray; postpedicel usually black dorsally, yellow ventrally but occasionally mostly brown with small spot of yellow on ventral margin; prosternum bright yellow; scutum gray, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron gray tomentose; pleuron gray, dorsally tomentose, ventral half from propleuron to anterior katepisternum polished, posterior katepisternum and meron tomentose; foreleg mostly yellow, mid and hind femora gray, all tibiae yellow, hind tibia darker; tibial organ yellow; syntergite 1+2 usually bright yellow with small brown spots laterally and on mid line, remaining tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins; male cerci prominent, triangulate with rounded margin; surstylus short, polished black, triangulate with wide distal tip and smooth straight margin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B3421432FCBA" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" box="[199,1029,767,794]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
Description.—Body length; female:
|
||
<quantity id="4C98FDD2FFCF1E327775B2BD133FFCBA" box="[608,776,767,794]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.575" metricValueMax="1.86" metricValueMin="1.29" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="1.575" valueMax="1.86" valueMin="1.29">1.29−1.86 mm</quantity>
|
||
; male:
|
||
<quantity id="4C98FDD2FFCF1E32764CB3421437FCBA" box="[857,1024,768,794]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.1">1.10−1.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B3661491FC0A" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3275D2B366113AFC9E" box="[199,269,804,830]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Ocellar triangle evenly grey tomentose; vertex and occiput grey; frons orangish yellow to bright yellow; scape and pedicel light brown to yellow, postpedicel black dorsally and around base of arista, remainder yellow; arista black, pubescent; face, palps, gena, and clypeus bright yellow in fresh specimens, sometimes turning orange over time; prementum polished bright yellow, labellum bright yellow; gena to eye ratio 0.20.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B3F61424FBB6" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3275D2B3F61198FC6E" box="[199,431,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Cephalic chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
: Fronto-orbital setae yellow to brown; interfrontal setae yellow to brown; ocellar setae yellow to brown; postocellar setae yellow to gray; outer vertical setae yellow to gray; inner vertical setae yellow to gray; postocular setae short, fine, dark; vibrissae yellow; subgenal setae yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B462126AFADE" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3275D2B4621116FB9A" box="[199,289,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Prosternum bright yellow; prescutum polished black; scutum gray, tomentose; postpronotal lobe and notopleuron grey tomentose; pleuron gray, dorsally tomentose, ventral half from propleuron to anterior katepisternal margin polished black, most of katepisternum tomentose, small posterior portion of katepisternum and meron polished black; mediotergite polished black laterally, tomentose in center below the scutellum; scutellum concolorous with scutum; subscutellum tomentose; wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4C98FDD2FFCF1E32778EB4ED1308FB6A" box="[667,831,1199,1226]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" metricValueMax="1.68" metricValueMin="1.14" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="1.41" valueMax="1.68" valueMin="1.14">1.14–1.68 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hyaline, costal ratios 0.50:0.32:0.13; foreleg variable, typically entirely bright yellow except for a variably greyish area on posterior surface of fore femur; mid and hind coxae black; mid and hind femora light to dark grey tomentose except base and tips usually yellow, some specimens mid and hind femora entirely dark gray; all tibiae yellow except hind tibia may be greyish on dorsal surface; basal tarsomere yellow, apical four tarsomeres light brown; femoral organ as in figure 10; tibial organ usually somewhat indistinct, concolorous with rest of tibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B5CA14A1FA02" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" box="[199,1174,1416,1442]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3275D2B5CA119BFA02" box="[199,428,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Thoracic chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
: Scapular setae absent; scutum and scutellum with yellow setulae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B5EE1542F992" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3275D2B5EE110DFA66" box="[199,314,1452,1478]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Syntergite 1+2 usually bright yellow with small brown spots laterally and on mid line, remaining tergites brown with narrow yellow posterior margins. Male terminalia (figs. 12, 30): epandrium grey tomentose with many setulae, male cerci prominent, triangulate with rounded margin; surstylus short, polished black, triangulate with wide distal tip and smooth straight margin. Female cerci brown, contrasting with bright yellow terminalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3275D2B67E1341F8F2" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
Type material examined.—A male specimen from the original type series was deposited in the type collection of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71C8F2FFCF1E3275CAB6221102F9DA" box="[223,309,1632,1658]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
and was assumed to be the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E327779B62212E5F9DA" box="[620,722,1632,1658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Becker did not designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E327119B6221446F9DA" box="[1036,1137,1632,1658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, rather a type series of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D669BBEFFCF1E327061B62210FAF93E" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D669BBEFFCF1E327416B6C611B8F93E" box="[259,399,1668,1694]" count="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFCF1E32748CB6C61265F93D" author="Sabrosky, C." box="[409,594,1667,1694]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" pagination="707 - 728" refId="ref23595" refString="Sabrosky, C. (1936) A synopsis of the Nearctic species of Oscinella and Madiza, based on a study of the types (Diptera, Chloropidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 29, 707 - 728. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 29.4.707" type="journal article" year="1936">Sabrosky (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that one of the females from the type series should be considered the type. This specimen was placed in an individual tray within the regular collection with a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E32719DB6EA14D8F962" box="[1160,1263,1704,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
label and went unnoticed until now. Sabrosky did not specifically state that he designated a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E3276EFB68E1453F946" box="[1018,1124,1740,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, saying only that “the other female must therefore be designated as the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E3277DDB6B21324F8AA" baseAuthorityName="Becker" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[712,787,1776,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Incertella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3277DDB6B21324F8AA" box="[712,787,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, since Becker stated that the type series was in Melander’s collection”. As to the other female of the type series, Sabrosky noted that it has scapular setae and was therefore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E32706BB75610DEF8F2" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Incertella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E32706BB75610DEF8F2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">M. bispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I found this specimen as well and it is indeed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E3277E2B77A1358F8F2" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[759,879,1848,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Incertella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCF1E3277E2B77A1358F8F2" box="[759,879,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">M. bispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCF1E3475D2B71E1219F8C5" blockId="10.[151,1437,480,2018]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,1759,2002]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFCF1E3275ECB71E11ABF8D6" box="[249,412,1884,1910]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
, female, is missing the head, both wings, the right foreleg except the coxa, all of the scutellar setae except the right lateral and is mounted on a minuten pinned through the venter of the fly. The pin is inserted in a card that is mounted on an insect pin. The specimen has five labels: the top-most [faded yellow] has “Woods Hole Mass” type written; the second label [red] with “TYPE” typewritten; the third label [white] has “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCF1E347025B78A111CF959" authority="Beck." authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="413" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">Oscinella infesta Beck.</taxonomicName>
|
||
” handwritten in black ink with “det. Becker” typewritten under it; the fourth label has “A. L. Melander Collection” on a white label with a green dotted pattern on the right side; the fifth label [white] has “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFC91E3471F8B74615A5F8BE" box="[1261,1426,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
” typewritten on the first line, then hand written “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E3477D0B76513D3F8E1" authority="Becker" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[709,996,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">Oscinella infesta Becker</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, then type written“ designated C. W. Sabrosky” and hand written “1936”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1F00BFFFCE1E33758DB71111DDF85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780287" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12780287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12780287/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" startId="11.[152,270,1875,1899]" targetBox="[239,1349,179,1849]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFCE1E33758DB71111DDF85A" blockId="11.[151,1437,1875,2042]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E33758DB7111174F8CB" bold="true" box="[152,323,1875,1899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E33745EB71611F3F8CB" box="[331,452,1876,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E33745EB71611F3F8CB" box="[331,452,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">Microcercis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology. 1,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E337765B71612EFF8CB" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[624,728,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E337765B71612EFF8CB" box="[624,728,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
scutal tomentum and setae, 1500X. 2,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E337165B71614EFF8CB" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[1136,1240,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E337165B71614EFF8CB" box="[1136,1240,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
anterior margin of frons, antennal bases, and dorsal portion of carina, 1500X. 3,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E337637B73513BCF82F" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[802,907,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E337637B73513BCF82F" box="[802,907,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lower face and frontoclypeal membrane, 800X. 4,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E337582B7D91177F812" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,320,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifeminarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E337582B7D91177F812" box="[151,320,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. trifeminarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
eye, showing density and length of ommatrichia, 1500X. 5,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E3376B8B7D91423F812" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[941,1044,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E3376B8B7D91423F812" box="[941,1044,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
frontal and vertical chaetotaxy, 400X. 6,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E3375A6B7FD116AF876" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" box="[179,349,1982,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifeminarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E3375A6B7FD116AF876" box="[179,349,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. trifeminarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
scutellum and subscutellum (arrow), 1000X. 7,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFCE1E337642B7FD13F1F876" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[855,966,1982,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Incertella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E337642B7FD13F1F876" box="[855,966,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M. bispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
scapular setae (arrows), 400X. 8,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFCE1E33703AB7FD157CF876" box="[1327,1355,1983,2006]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="412">M.</emphasis>
|
||
species proepimeral seta (arrow), 1000X.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1F00BFFFC91E34758DB66F14BAF92D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780291" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12780291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12780291/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" startId="12.[152,270,1581,1605]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1557]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC91E34758DB66F14BAF92D" blockId="12.[151,1437,1581,1678]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E34758DB66F1167F9E5" bold="true" box="[152,336,1581,1605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">FIGURES 9–14.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E34744DB66C11E6F9E5" box="[344,465,1582,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E34744DB66C11E6F9E5" box="[344,465,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Microcercis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E347710B66F12A5F9E5" authorityName="Duda" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Duda" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[517,658,1581,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Conioscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E347710B66F12A5F9E5" box="[517,658,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Conioscinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology. 9,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E34762AB66C13A8F9E5" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Foster" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[831,927,1582,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E34762AB66C13A8F9E5" box="[831,927,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">M. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male femoral organ, 2500X. 10,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E3471EEB66C1554F9E5" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[1275,1379,1581,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E3471EEB66C1554F9E5" box="[1275,1379,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male femoral organ, 3000X. 11,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E3474B6B61011C5F9C9" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[419,498,1617,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Conioscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E3474B6B61011C5F9C9" box="[419,498,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">C. nuda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male femoral organ, 2000X. 12,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E34762CB61013AAF9C9" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[825,925,1617,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E34762CB61013AAF9C9" box="[825,925,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male genitalia, 500X, (arrow points to epandrium). 13,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E3475A8B6341114F92D" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[189,291,1653,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E3475A8B6341114F92D" box="[189,291,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hind basal tarsomere (arrows indicate basal setae). 14,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC91E347646B6341399F92D" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[851,942,1653,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Conioscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC91E347646B6341399F92D" box="[851,942,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">C. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hind basal tarsomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC91E3475D2B72D14DCF871" blockId="12.[151,1437,1759,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Distribution.—Nearctic:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37710A7FFC91E3474C9B72D1207F829" box="[476,560,1903,1929]" name="Canada" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347729B73212C4F829" box="[572,755,1903,1930]" country="Canada" name="New Brunswick" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">New Brunswick</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E3477E9B73213B1F829" box="[764,902,1903,1930]" country="Canada" name="Nova Scotia" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Nova Scotia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E34769BB72D1448F829" box="[910,1151,1903,1929]" country="Canada" name="Prince Edward Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Prince Edward Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37710A7FFC91E34719AB72D1514F82A" box="[1167,1315,1903,1930]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E34703BB72D15AFF829" box="[1326,1432,1903,1929]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347582B7D1113CF80D" box="[151,267,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347401B7D111A9F80D" box="[276,414,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E3474B2B7D11222F80D" box="[423,533,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Delaware" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Delaware</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347708B7D11246F80D" box="[541,625,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E34776CB7D112E1F80D" box="[633,726,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E3477CBB7D1131FF80D" box="[734,808,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347624B7D11396F80D" box="[817,929,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E3476BCB7D11479F80D" box="[937,1102,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347143B7D114EFF80D" box="[1110,1240,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E3471F4B7D615AFF80D" box="[1249,1432,1939,1966]" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">New Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347582B7FA112DF872" box="[151,282,1976,2002]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347430B7FA11ADF871" box="[293,410,1975,2002]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">New York</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E3474B0B7F51267F871" box="[421,592,1975,2001]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347749B7F512A3F871" box="[604,660,1975,2001]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
[inland salt marsh],
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E34766FB7F51411F871" box="[890,1062,1975,2001]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E347124B7FA1442F872" box="[1073,1141,1976,2002]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A49ED5FFC91E34716AB7F514D7F871" box="[1151,1248,1975,2001]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC81E3575D2B0D51260FEC5" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
Discussion.—This species is distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E35763AB0D5143AFF11" box="[815,1037,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E35763AB0D51383FF10" box="[815,948,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Microcercis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the bright yellow syntergite 1 +
|
||
<quantity id="4C98FDD2FFC81E357582B0F910F5FF75" box="[151,194,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
most fresh material becoming darker in older specimens. In occasional specimens, however, the syntergite 1 + 2 is mostly gray. This variability can be problematic when separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E3576BBB09D1428FF59" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[942,1055,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E3576BBB09D1428FF59" box="[942,1055,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E357170B09D14DAFF59" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[1125,1261,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E357170B09D14DAFF59" box="[1125,1261,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pattern of tomentum on the pleuron helps separate these two species in these cases. The male surstyli differ greatly between the two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E357443B16511FFFEE1" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[342,456,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E357443B16511FFFEE1" box="[342,456,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being widely spatulate (fig. 30) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E357664B16513CDFEE1" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[881,1018,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E357664B16513CDFEE1" box="[881,1018,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showing a distinct projection on the medial surface of the surstylus (fig. 31).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC81E3575D2B12D1223FDB9" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
The pattern of the black polished areas of the pleuron are unique to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E3576C7B12D1473FE29" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[978,1092,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E3576C7B12D1473FE29" box="[978,1092,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFC81E357146B12D1527FE29" author="Sabrosky, C." box="[1107,1296,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="707 - 728" refId="ref23595" refString="Sabrosky, C. (1936) A synopsis of the Nearctic species of Oscinella and Madiza, based on a study of the types (Diptera, Chloropidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 29, 707 - 728. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 29.4.707" type="journal article" year="1936">Sabrosky (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, incorrectly, in the key, characterizes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E3574BAB1D11216FE0D" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[431,545,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E3574BAB1D111F1FE0C" box="[431,454,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E3574C3B1D11216FE0D" box="[470,545,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having a completely tomentose pleuron while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF12DC6FFC81E357141B1D114C1FE0D" author="Becker, T." box="[1108,1270,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="21 - 256" refId="ref21786" refString="Becker, T. (1912) Chloropidae. Eine Monographische Studie. IV. Teil. Nearktische Region. Annales Musei nationalis hungarica, 10, 21 - 256, taf. I." type="journal article" year="1912">Becker (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his original description states that the pleuron, with the exception of the anepisternum and anepimeron is glossy black. The polished pattern is more complex than Becker’s description states. See the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E357163B19914D1FE55" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[1142,1254,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E357163B19914D1FE55" box="[1142,1254,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, above, and that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E3575A3B1BD110AFDB9" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[182,317,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E3575A3B1BD110AFDB9" box="[182,317,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below, for details.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC81E3575D2B26113BAFDC1" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
Becker described the type as having the abdomen entirely brown with only the posterior margins yellow, however I found that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBEE95FFC81E3574A4B205122FFDC1" box="[433,536,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
exhibits a yellow syntergite 1+2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC81E3575D2B2291241FD09" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">The leg coloration described above is typical to most specimens though not universal. There are variations as some specimens can be darker than others.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC81E3575D2B2F11463FC05" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
Notes.—I have collected this species in large numbers on both the wet and dry sand zone grasses on and near salt marshes. It typically shares the habitat with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E3577A2B2951308FD51" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[695,831,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E3577A2B2951308FD51" box="[695,831,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E35765BB295143FFD51" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" box="[846,1032,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifeminarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E35765BB295143FFD51" box="[846,1032,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. trifeminarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E357152B295148CFD51" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="2024" box="[1095,1211,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Microcercis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laytoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E357152B295148CFD51" box="[1095,1211,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. laytoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C602BB4FFC81E357039B29515AAFD51" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1912" box="[1324,1437,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Oscinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9148C25FFC81E357039B29515AAFD51" box="[1324,1437,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">M. infesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually outnumbers those species. The number of individuals collected at a site often varies with the condition of the habitat. When the weather has been hot and dry for several days the numbers of individuals can decrease nearly to zero. I have collected all four species in both very hot, dry conditions and cooler, wetter days. For example, over the 17
|
||
<superScript id="7C15FD7FFFC81E3575C8B32410DDFCD4" attach="none" box="[221,234,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">th</superScript>
|
||
–24
|
||
<superScript id="7C15FD7FFFC81E357406B3241117FCD4" attach="left" box="[275,288,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">th</superScript>
|
||
of
|
||
<date id="FFDE76F7FFC81E357453B3251183FC21" box="[326,436,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" value="2021-07">July 2021</date>
|
||
at the Sally Cove site described above, I found hundreds of individuals at the start of the period with a gradual decrease to almost none as the week continued with no rainfall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF5037FFC81E3575D2B3ED1255FC4D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
|
||
All the specimens I examined were from coastal and inland salt marsh localities from New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37710A7FFC81E3571CAB3ED150BFC69" box="[1247,1340,943,969]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
through Florida and the Gulf States to California.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |